Wildlife 1st Edition 2016
Management News
Dr. Deer’s Management Calendar
All about the 2015 season
Becoming a Complete Manager
Another step to manage your herd
Success Stories Local Hunters tell their stories
Hunts for Healing Successful hunting makes for successful healing
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
About Wildlife Management News – Mark Peretore
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As outdoor enthusiasts and hunters, we believe strongly in the way of the land. The mechanism that compels us to the great outdoors and the game that thrives on it is in our hearts and souls. It cannot be described and can never be replaced. We live and breathe to do what we do, to carry on the heritage and traditions of those in the past and pass on our insights to the next generation, to pay homage to what the Lord has given us. Nature has a way of teaching us all. It cannot be tamed and it cannot be controlled, we can only live within it. Wildlife management is a passion of ours and yours, and we hope to continue to bring you to that peaceful place with each edition of Wildlife Management News. Jim Holbert founded Wildlife Management News in 2008. As an avid outdoorsman and a regular backwoods Pennsylvanian, Jim has practiced wildlife management since he was a child. Though he humbly says he’s not qualified, Jim studied biology in college and retains a wealth of detailed knowledge for everything outdoors. He has made an impressive list of friendships inside the wildlife community including Dr. James Kroll (Dr. Deer) and so many more. Wildlife Management News started as a small newsletter for Montrose, Pennsylvania, and has developed into a full scale subscriber-based magazine that brings you the wildlife management news for your region. Articles written by local people as well as expert biologists allow you to see how you should be interacting with your habitat and help you get involved in the process of wildlife management. I joined Jim in 2014 and have begun to take on the role as chief editor. I’ve been an outdoor enthusiast my entire life and began hunting at a young age. Over the years I have developed a deep love for the outdoors and all things hunting, gaining a depth of field knowledge that is only learned from hands-on experience. After teaming up with Jim and meeting some real experts, I have set out to help bring that expertise to you and improve your game along with mine. With the support of readers like you, Wildlife Management News is growing steadily and will now be bringing much more than just a magazine to the people who subscribe. Lately, the introduction of the website www.wildlifemanagementnews.com and electronic publications through e-book readers and cell phones will diversify the way you can interact with the Wildlife Management News magazine.
Table of Contents Page Making Memories - From a Proud Father......... 4 Hunts for Healing: ........................................... 8 Letters from Soldiers....................................... 9 The Measure of Success................................ 10 My First Buck................................................. 11 Traditions from our Fathers............................ 15 Dr. Deer - The Perfect Storm.......................... 19 Lyme Disease and Blindness.......................... 23 Good in the Neighborhood.............................. 25 Becoming a Complete Manager..................... 26 Wildlife Management In the Classroom.......... 28 The Payoff..................................................... 32
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
Making Memories From a Proud Father
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t was the first Friday of the 2015 PA rifle season. Myself and a good hunting partner assembled a few hunters and set out to do some deer drives on the local state game lands. It was still buck only and the second bear season just had come back in. We decided to go Friday instead of Saturday since we did not want to shoot any doe. On our first drive of the day my son Brady was positioned overlooking a hollow where that was known for great shooting opportunity. Brady got to see some doe, but no buck. Just seeing deer got him excited, not to mention the fact that our group harvested two bucks on that drive as well. Brady would say to me with an excited tone, dad I am going to be the next one to get one. As a father who has been hunting for over 28 years I kept his hopes up and said you never know buddy. It can happen or it might not so you need to be ready at all times. On the second drive of the day Brady had his opportunity at a buck. My great friend and hunting partner was sitting with Brady as I was sitting with my fiancé right below them. As the drive pushed near my fiancé caught movement out in front. It was a deer but we could not tell what it was. As it cut up over the ridge thru the thicket, a few minutes later I caught a Glimpse of the back of a deer’s head looking away. As I threw up my gun and scoped the deer all I could see was the back of the deer’s head and a very nice 8 point rack. As I got my fiancé in position, the buck walked over the ridge and out of sight. Now as a father I was praying to hear that gunshot come 4
from Brady’s .243 as the buck was angling towards him. As the drive progressed shots were fired and of course my heart started pounding. As we walked up, the hunter above Brady shot a 125 pound black bear. Brady got to see the bear as it came out in front of him. A very cool experience for a 11 year old. I then got to talk to my hunting partner and I could see Brady looked defeated. I had asked if they ever saw the heavy 8 point buck that was headed their way. They said they did and began to tell the story. The heavy 8 point came out in front of them just like it was planned. The deer stopped, facing them head on and only 45 yards away, Brady only had a of his chest and neck. My hunting partner kept telling Brady to shoot, but Brady never did. I asked him why he never pulled the trigger, and he said, “dad I thought he was going to come out like the other buck did last week”. The week before, during bear season, Brady and I had a similar experience. In that same very same spot we had an great looking 9 point come out in front and walked 15 yards away. Well this was another lessoned learned for Brady. A whitetail deer will never do what you think they will do. As we walked back up the mountain he shook his head and kept saying I should have shot dad, I should have shot. As a father you need to keep them motivated, keep them encourage. I told him there are two things you learned, when you get an opportunity at a mature deer you must take it and the shot opportunity you had was a great opportunity to put that buck on the ground.
3rd Edition 2015
As we regrouped and ate lunch we were going to put on the 3rd and final drive of the day. On this drive there are two special spots we put the youth hunters. As the drive team got into position I told Brady he will get another opportunity and he needs to take his time and get it done. Once again I was sitting two men below with my fiancé and Brady was above with my hunting partner Hoyt. This was a long drive so things were dead silent for the first 20 minutes until shots were fired by the guys between me and Brady. As I looked across the hollow I could see the body of a deer, than 3 more shots fired by the same gun, as I put my scope up I could see a nice buck, and then, the buck of a lifetime stepped in. I could not shoot due to harvesting a buck in archery season and I was only hunting for bear that day. As the buck came down the hollow my fiancé got shooting at the giant 10 pointer, then the guy below us started shooting, From where he was I know he didn’t see the deer she just shot at. Just like that the giant 10 pointer disappeared. The guy below yelled buck down so that was a good feeling. All got quiet for about 10 minutes as the drive was getting closer. All of a sudden gunshot was fired above where Brady was sitting. Two shots, then three, then four, then five. As I sat there for the second time today, my heart started pounding knowing Brady was up there. As the drivers came into view my hunting partner Hoyt texted me and said Brady got a buck. Brady had fired 4 shots and one of the drivers fired a shot as well. As a father, your child taking his first buck is a feeling unlike any other, especially when you’re there to share the moment. I could not walk up that mountain fast enough. I was stumbling over the rocks and tripping over the dead limbs trying to get up to my son. As I approached the group all surrounding the deer, my friend Eric yelled down “you just want to keep walking”. I thought, what do you mean? Then Eric said he shot a spike it’s not even legal. From those words, my heart sank like the titanic! As I approached the guys were still circled around the deer obstructing my view of my son and the deer. As I finally made my way through I saw my son Brady in tears. I finally looked down at the buck and as my eyes made it to the deers’ head, I didn’t see a spike buck, but to my surprise a very large rack protruding up from the forest floor. Before I could even open my mouth my son ran over and jumped into my arms and said dad I did it, I finally
Wildlife Management News
got my first buck! They guys pulled a good one on me, but man what a feeling! A memory that Brady and I will never forget. We ended up harvesting 3 buck on that last drive to end the day but the most important one, and the one that I will always remember is my son’s.
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
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Wildlife Management News
Hunts for Healing
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unts for Healing is a small non-profit organization in the hills of Pennsylvania that offers a different approach to healing for both active duty and veteran soldiers. Over the years of the partnership between Hunts for Healing and Wildlife Management News, time and time again we receive feedback from soldiers that Hunts for Healings approach has changed them in a very specific way, one that no other organization has ever been able to do. Mindy Piccotti of Hunts for Healing, known as Momma Mindy, describes it best. “The hunt in and of itself is just the means, the gateway, to do what we do. We are here to help the soldiers, to get them to a point where they can truly start to heal.” Having seen this first hand, I can honestly say this organization isn’t a dog and pony show, this isn’t a publicity stunt, all the members, mentors, and even local people truly care about these men and women, and want to see their lives improve. The interaction between soldiers and their mentors, and even other soldiers, throughout the several days is truly amazing. Momma Mindy is known for her uncanny
3rd Edition 2015
ability to get right down to it, often times pinpointing a soldiers deep seated stresses. She has a knack to get anyone to open up, and that is where the healing process begins. There is no doubt that Hunts for Healing is extremely effective in its mission, as again I have personally seen the relationships built during these few days blossom. There are individuals who are now in constant contact with the people they have met, reaching out to them knowing there is somewhere there who cares and will listen. Several who have attended the program have now become mentors trying to help others with what they too are going through. I can’t say enough good about the program, and I urge you to check into Hunts for Healing, donate, or just spread the word! - Mark Peretore – WMN Editor
Hunts for Healing Soldier and Mentor scour the woods during the Hunts for Healing Flintlock Event.
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Thank You Hunts for Healing!
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his past January, I had the great pleasure to meet up with the fines folks from Hunts for Healing. It was Flintlock season in PA as I headed up to my first event. The event far exceeded my expectations. I was very pleased to be a part of a healing process I have never seen before. Not only did my fellow Warriors and I have a great time hunting, we also got to heal some of our internal scars. Mindy and the entire group of volunteers showed us what it means to support our Veterans. Most places I’ve been to focus mainly on the hunting aspect of the event. Mindy and her staff focus on the Veterans inner wounds. This seems to be what we as Veterans are missing out on in the healing process. Not only did we enjoy some great hunting and comradery, but we also had a chance to vent, to talk about our situations and problems, to someone who really cared and listened. As we were able to talk and just ramble through our stories and feelings as they came, I saw myself as well as others open up and feel the healing inside our bodies and minds alike. Just being able to speak our peace seemed to relax our souls. Sure you can attend an event and get some great feeling or accomplishment out of it, but to offer healing on the inside as well was a first for me. I have attended events all over the country and would have lost out if I missed this one. Seeing the past Veterans of this program volunteer as well, speaks volumes of what Mindy is accomplishing here at Hunts for Healing. The amount of time and effort put on by all the Mentors and Volunteers was amazing. Even the local people showed up to express their thanks for what we did for our country. It brought tears to my eyes. Surrounding yourself with people like this is life changing. I highly recommend attending one of the Hunts for Healing Events! You won’t be disappointed. My thanks again to Mindy and all the people that made this event one of the best times of my life. -Sean Falcon-
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hank you so much for allowing me to come up. It’s hard to explain how remarkable the trip was. From the mentors, the volunteers, the guests, and of course you, I felt comfortable around everyone. For the past years, I normally hide from people and avoid going out of my comfort zone. You and your organization opened me up. When I got home and sat down to relax, I realized I did more in three days than I had in three months. Sitting with Ethan and Milt was just nonstop laughter, two amazing guys. Talking with the other vet’s, getting to know them, and making new friendships… I can’t thank you enough for everything you have done. I’m pretty sure putting this together must have felt like herding cats, but to me, and I’m sure the others, this was a uplifting experience. Thank you! -Tom Brannon8
Wildlife Management News
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Wildlife Management News
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The Measure of Success
f I measured success solely by the amount of game killed, I would qualify for the sluggish losers. After surgery in July I wasn’t able to lift more than twenty pounds or shoot my bow for six weeks, but the fact that the surgeon hurried the operation date to accommodate my planned Elk hunt in September was a real plus. After the Elk hunt it would be back to good old Pennsylvania where I would participate in a multitude of other hunting activities. After surgery I started practicing shooting on about week five and felt pretty confident in my ability to shoot well. We headed out for the elk hunt and things were coming together as planned. Then I missed a great bull on what should have been a slam dunk shot! I guess most folks would say I was unsuccessful. Just five minutes later on the same hunt, I was lucky enough to call in a bull for my son who made a perfect shot. The 5x6 bull elk went about 75 yards and expired. We also had many bull moose encounters on the trip along with some bear sightings. All in all, seeing some incredible game in the wild, some awe inspiring camping in the Rockies, and hunting up at 9,600 feet, makes for memories that will last a lifetime! At the end of the hunt, we came home with two bulls for four hunters. Though I didn’t take a bull myself, just having the chance to once again do a self-guided wilderness hunt on public land for Elk at my age was a success! My bow season in Pennsylvania was not exactly stellar either. An injured shoulder had me cranking my bow weight down after not being able to come to full draw on more than once occasion. Then I muffed a shot on both a buck and a turkey. Heck I even missed a turkey with my shotgun. Once again unsuccessful, but I did get to spend many days in the blind and tree stand, which is reward enough. Then came the Hunts for Healing in-line muzzle loader hunt for which I was the head Mentor. Six wounded Veterans all tagged out. The Veteran with me got a Doe with a $100 reward ear tag. She was part of the Penn State / PA Game Commission Study. She was tagged in 2010, so as a mature Doe she was a total success! The Hunts for Healing Flintlock Hunt in January was a success also. Four deer were taken by the Veterans. Six Veterans participated and though some didn’t get a deer, just spending time with people who truly care for you can be an adequate reward. With some extra time, a great bird hunt at Ringneck Ridge made all the veterans successful. As for me and the Pennsylvania rifle season, I didn’t see the buck I wanted but I took a 14 year old boy out with me and he killed his first deer, a nice young buck! Just seeing his big smile was a success for me. The first deer is something you will always remember, and I am happy to have helped him achieve success for his hunt. I also had a friend 10
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hunt with me at the end of the season, and he was able to get his first deer in 9 Years. I guess at 70 I measure success differently than I did years ago. Any day spent in God’s great creation is a total success by my standards, and I’m sure many of you can relate. -Ken Bach-
3rd Edition 2015
My First Buck
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y name is Dawn Johnson and at 46-years-old, I’ve finally shot my first buck. Indiana, PA is the town I come from and where I’ve been hunting for the past six years. The first time I saw my buck was sitting in my Brother-in-Law’s hunting clubhouse on Friday of the first week this season (December 4th). I watched as he up came through the woods and along the tree line. Since all I could see was the top of his back and horns, I couldn’t confidently take an ethical shot. As it got darker with no luck of a shot in sight, I unloaded my gun and headed home. That evening I told my husband, Dan, that I saw the biggest buck I’d ever seen. After playing the scenario over and over in my head, still bummed about never getting my shot, I proceeded to get up and go hunting the next day. Throughout the day I saw plenty of doe and a few small bucks, but nothing I could shoot or wanted to. My mind couldn’t let go of the idea of getting that monster buck!
Wildlife Management News
the land. Right after voicing her opinion, I saw a doe emerge through the woodline. Like clockwork, I got my gun and took the safety off, eyeing up the deer through my scope. Through my crosshairs, I saw the monster buck was coming up right behind the doe! I whispered to Penny that he was coming up through the bushes and that I was looking for a good shot. Finally the buck presented me with an opportunity and I thought, “Now or never,” and pulled the trigger. He went straight down and the time was about 4:20 pm. I was shaking trying to text my husband, “I got the buck!,” as I walked over to tag it. To mine and everyone’s surprise, my monster buck truly proved his name. My first buck, a ten point, was larger than I could have ever imagined. The following day we took the horns to Custom Skull Cleaning, cut him all up and canned him a few days later. That hunt and that feeling is was one of the best things that has ever happened to me, other than the love of my family and friends to share it with. -Dawn Johnson-
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Virginia McNelis, age 91, shot this doe on December 9th 2015 with her New England Arms .223 in Bradford County. Virginia started hunting at the age of 13 with a 12 gauge shotgun and was one of four girls; she was the tomboy of the bunch. She says, “My father was a great hunter and fisherman and that’s where I picked up the love to hunt. It helps keep me active and I love the outdoors and being out in the woods”. Let this stand as a testament to all you fathers with daughters! Teach a daughter to hunt and she might very well hunt for a life time. Congratulations Virginia!
By Tuesday I began to think someone else must have gotten him, and my faith started to sink in the last week of the season. On Wednesday I told myself that I still needed to at least get a big doe so I brought my 78-year-old-Mother-inLaw, Penny, since she wanted to watch the deer and hopefully bring me some luck; within the first hour of watching the trees and the fields for signs of life, we saw nothing. As time went on, even Penny became inpatient with the emptiness of
Goofus the Buck
ad and I woke up with that feeling you get when you think it’s going to be a good day. When you take that first deep breathe of the crisp fresh air you can just tell the things are on your side and the weather is right. It was the nicest closing day to hunting season I’ve ever seen. We got up bright and early to head over to good friends. When we arrived at Dave’s house we rode in his side-by-side up to the stand, where we watched a beautiful sun rise. Besides a handful of gray squirrels keeping us on our toes all morning we saw some field mice and a bobcat. When it reached 8:30, dad and I moved from the stand. Once we got settled in a new location, Dave offered to walk through the woods towards us to help get the deer moving. I’m fairly certain we only sat there for about fifteen minutes before we heard and saw multiple doe running up around us. Not even 5 minutes later I had heard a few branches break to my left and I slowly looked over my shoulder to see a buck walking straight at us. Unfortunately I couldn’t tell what he was because his skull was broken around the bottom of his antlers, causing them to just hang there and flop with each step. When I saw him in my scope I could see he was a big bodied deer. Dad had jokingly told me that morning that he wouldn’t hesitate to shoot a buck before me if it was a monster, good thing he was only a 6-point and that I saw him first. Just as I could see him set in my crosshairs he ducked down below a fallen tree, luckily I was able to keep my sights on him, but only by his unbroken antler. As he walked down and around the tree, he gradually moved closer to me until he ended up being about fifteen yards away, -continued on page 1411
Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
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3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
We have five different brands of trail cameras in use. The new Browning Dark Ops camera is one of the easiest to set up, the instructions are clear and easy to follow. Photo quality is excellent, both day and night and we do not even have it set up with the highest resolution. The nighttime photos are great – on some of our other cameras the pictures are so grainy you can’t tell if you are looking at a buck or a doe. The photos are clear out to a greater distance as well. There doesn’t seem to be any sound with this camera, so that means that it is probably going to last as far as bear contact. Browning has a winner in my book!
I found the Browning Dark Ops camera easy to set up. There were very few photos without having some animal in the frame. The photos were clear at night and during the day. I am still using the same batteries after hundreds of photos. I am very happy with the camera’s many features and small compact size. The green tree strap and camo color blends well into the surroundings. I have recommended this camera to a friend, several clients and would purchase more of these for myself in the future. Matthew Sellers, Enhanced Habitat
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Goofus the Buck continued practically sitting in my lap if you asked me! As this range I could tell his skull was broken and with steady aim and a gentle squeeze of the trigger I put him out of his misery. After my father, Dave, and I spent about twenty minutes searching the side of the hill for the deer, we had finally found him, only to find out that we had been walking all around him that whole time. I was experiencing quite a severe case of “buck-fever” so I could not completely recall what happened after I shot him. It turned out to be that all he did was turn around and take a few steps downhill only to tumble about three yards further. Upon first glance, from his greying facial hair, to the sheer size of his body, we realized just how old and mature this buck really was. It then took all three of us, Dave, dad, and I to heave the buck, which was extremely heavy fielddressed, up into the back of the side-by-side. Later that afternoon while we were deboning the buck we found that there were two impact wounds surrounding a few broken ribs, and one of his hips had healed incorrectly from most likely being broken. These things along with the broken antler, which we already knew about, confirmed our prior assumption that he had been hit by a car and had been in poor health. Dave had told us about having pictures of “Goofus” (the buck) on his trail-cam, and how there were different stages to the antler breaking or falling down, possibly showing that he was hit by a car but what happened to the antler could’ve been from something else. Unfortunately we’ll never know, but it’ll be another memory of great hunting stories added to the collection. -Emma Glezen-
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DIY Smoker
may not be spelling the name correctly, but years ago there was a popular TV show called “McGuyver”, where the hero of the stage always made something really cool and functional out of ordinary things. I love to do “McGuyver” projects and my best of 2015 by far was my smoker built from an old toy chest. A huge fad in the marketplace these days are electric smokers. These are easy to use, fool proof, sweetheart smokers that use real wood chips and I guess the end product ends up being something that your typical mountain man of today would be glad to break a tooth on. Well, my smoker is totally different. First of all, I had the 14
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time to think the project through as I’ve assumed a role of semi-retirement and can fullfill my dreams of doing all the silly things that I am physically capable of doing. Take for example my smoker built from a toy box. I’m also a sentimental Dad who doesn’t throw much away. My kids are grown and all of their toys (which could be collectables) have been passed to the Grandkids, So, the question I asked myself was “What do I do with the big pine toy chest that I built 30 plus years ago to store all of those stuffed animals and matchbox cars?” Then I had the revelation....don’t burn that box!...build a smoker! Now don’t think that I don’t have first hand knowledge about the world of real smokers and how they work. In the early 70’s I was blessed to have friends who lived in the Jermyn/Mayfield, Pa. area who shared some of their old world Russian traditions. In their neighborhood back yards they had real honest to God smokers. The smoke boxes were on an elevated spot and an underground flue fed smoke to them from the fire pit at the base of the pipe. The key concept to be noted is that you want smoke...not heat. I think 120-140 degrees works about right. Operating these backyard smokers wasn’t anything you could plug in and walk away from. It had to be constantly monitored and a bed of coals carefully fed with apple wood, cherry, oak or hickory wood. The process of smoking was also a huge social event. There was a pecking order of great grandfathers, grandpas, and dads. The right beverages had to be consumed and the stories had to be told. Probably these tales were huge in sharing the history and traditions between the generations. I made my smoker with these folks in mind. I know I can’t do justice to their wonderful smoked sausage, meat, and fish but I do like to share the smoked salmon and venison jerky that I make with friends. I would also like to see the process revitalized to be a time of fellowship, fun and sharing. You may have some smoking ideas to share or questions to ask. We would love to hear from you. Just contact “Wildlife Management News” Remember, I’m semi-retired and will either be smoking something or working on another “McGyver” project! Actually a friend suggested a still…........... -Jim Holbert-
3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
Traditions from our Fathers
H
by John Host
undreds of thousands of fathers, sons, and daughters share a magical bond. At the first whisper of the fall’s cool wind, comes an insatiable urge and anticipation of the forthcoming weeks to be spent in preparation for spending three days with Dad. I spent eighteen years living with this man, each and every day, what could make these three days any different or more meaningful? This comes about through a hunting trip and a promise of another. To say the least, the trip seems to always end up being an adventure all on its own. The normal chores of preparation, along with assiduously scrutinizing the necessities are as if any error would be a catastrophe. Confirmation of travel times, departures, and arrivals are shared over phone calls listening to voices filled by anxious tones of excitement. The departure seems mundane, with goodbyes to our wives, as Dad and I leave on our road trip to camp. Not out of sight of home the anxiety continues to heighten with questions of uncontrollable parameters such as, what the weather will be, clear, snow, rain, windy, warm or bitter cold. Without another word spoken, we both know what the other wants, and acknowledge it with a smile. Our minds are reminiscing of waking up at four thirty a.m. after having retired to the dismal patter of rain on the camp roof, and finding the ground covered with the fresh virgin white snow awaiting our footprints. Once out of the city and the suburban street, the change is almost magical, to an awareness of a naturalist. After several hours of eye straining deep into the depths of the woodlands along the roadway, we arrive at what will be home for the next few days amongst the whispering winds of fall. Similarity climaxes with each arrival of additional members to the
camp. Smiles, laughter and emotion fill the structure with life reborn, dormant over the past few months since last fall’s whispering winds. With seemingly effortless abandon the cabin take on a new but familiar look of usefulness. Warm hello’s melt into the long discussions of everyone’s achievements over the past year, sports and vacations, but as if predetermined by an impassioned thirst, the conversation drifts toward ancestral stories of adventures. The stories are the threads that hold and nurture the bonds between my father, my son’s and myself. These are not just stories, but the tangible filaments that will live long after we each are no longer able to create new stories. Much like the wool coat woven tightly to keep one warm, so are these stories woven over years to warm the hearts and uplift one’s soul. Spending these days with Dad, on a hunting trip at our camp, creating stories of inheritance, driven by the whispering winds of fall are gifts I pass to my son and him to his son. Like Native Indian tribal stories hold their ancestral heritage as historical artifacts, so are the collective stories linked to my family’s ancestors. Maybe not eventful to the history of population, but certainly the living events cherished among the sons of several hundred thousand fathers. These are the unwritten stories as remembered and orchestrated as a rite of passage each and every year with the promise of another. These gifts are what make these three days significantly more meaningful and identifiably different from each day.
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
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3rd Edition 2015
Though Beautiful, The woods looked empty like this for many hunters during the 2015 season
DR. DEER’S
Management Calendar by Dr. James Kroll
The Perfect Storm
W
Photo By Mark Peretore 18
Wildlife Management News
ell, another hunting season has come and gone, and it was yet another disappointing year for many hunters. The Dr. Deer website and Face Book page has been humming with questions about the cause(s), so I decided to devote this issue to answer this question. The unfortunate thing was I predicted this would happen back in the summer, 2015; and, unfortunately, my prediction came true. It amounts to a “perfect storm,” merging unique environmental factors with unsettling declines in deer harvest and numbers in the 21st Century. Deer Decline Back in the 1980s, I became the lone voice in the wilderness, when I warned about the future of deer populations. Later, Dr. Harry Jacobson and I were invited to the Third International Congress on the Biology of Deer, held in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1994. Our paper, “The white-tailed deer: the most managed and mismanaged species, “ questioned whether or not we really were managing deer or just documenting the rapid repopulation of the original and new ranges? We warned then that the future would see declines in deer numbers and the quality of deer habitat. Needless to say that my warnings during the 1980s and our 1994 plenary paper was not exactly well received. To question the “holy cow” of wildlife management was tantamount to treason to some professional biologists, and sadly many hunters. Deer management is a three-legged stool: one leg representing habitat, another populations and the third people management. Unfortunately, states have been managing for and have control only over some aspects of population management; namely, setting season and bag limits. It is habitat and people that really determine the health of the deer herd, and the real “fly in the ointment” is that most of the deer habitat in North America belongs to private landowners! Aldo Leopold pointed out in the 1930s that the private landowner held the key to the ultimate success or failure of wildlife management and restoration. Yet, many biologists feel that working with private landowners is a violation of the North American Wildlife Model! Then, working with people is not exactly one of the favorite activities for biologist, most of whom are introverts. My work as the Deer
Trustee of Wisconsin proved to me that one of the greatest problems in modern wildlife management lies in ignoring the role of people in the final equation. Agencies have many allies in not telling you about herd decline, including manufacturers and those offering services to hunters, as well as the outdoor media. They all benefit by not creating a panic that would reduce the number of hunters! Yet, that is exactly what is happening and getting hunters and landowners involved is the key to sustainability of deer populations, habitat and hunting. One of the best websites available to you is deerfriendly. com, operated by Kent Webb, one of the most knowledgeable deer “watchers” I know. For some time, Kent has done a yeoman’s job of painstakingly monitoring deer harvests throughout North America. The graph below substantiates what I have warned about for three decades. Note that deer harvests have declined by 18.8% since 2000; and this does not just include whitetails. Mule deer and blacktails are exhibiting the same trends. So, what is happening?
Graph courtesy of Kent Webb, www.deerfriendly.com It depends on which state you are talking about, but generally accepted causes are loss of habitat, predation, over-harvest, disease and fragmentation. It is interesting to note that,
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Wildlife Management News
Photo By Mark Peretore
among the 30 or so states reporting declines, not a single one attributes deer decline to CWD! Fact is, the biggest culprit is a viral disease carried by gnats, with the difficult to pronounce name epizootic hemorrhagic disease, EHD. Whatever the cause of climate change, warming trends have once again allowed EHD to reinvade northern states such as Michigan and New Jersey, where EHD was first reported in the 1950s. Yet, habitat loss and over-harvest remain the primary culprits to deer decline. States waited too long to curb the growth of deer herds through doe harvest. By the time doe harvest was increased, serious damage to the habitats had already occurred, and it was virtually irreparable damage! The MidWest is perhaps the area where habitat destruction is greatest. When you add in other factors many herds are now below the minimum effective population (that needed to overcome all mortality factors). Where is this heading? I cannot predict, but I do not see much hope, other than the landowners and hunters working together to sustainably managing deer herds. Climate Factors In most areas, the rut was either late or occurred as Trickle Ruts. A trickle rut is one that takes place over up to 60 days, with a few does reaching breeding condition spread out over this time. The Spring and early Summer of 2015 in most areas was unusually cool and wet, preventing bucks 20
3rd Edition 2015
and does from restoring losses from the Winter. This set their biological clocks back at least a month. Next, in many areas the wet period was followed immediately by Summer drought, again contributing to nutritional stress. Then there is the moon! Whitetails “prefer” to breed shortly after the full moon of the month suited for their subspecies. South Texas deer breed two moons after the hunters’ moon in October, while Northeastern deer tend to breed along with the first moon after the hunters’ moon. This year, we once again had blue moon (two full moons in one month) on July 31st. This set in motion a series of full moons that were out of synchronization with the moons deer prefer to breed on. The full moon dates for September (27th), October (27th), November (25th) and December (25th) were all at the end of the month. This moved the rut timing, even for herds in good condition to later than expected. For example, here at the Institute in East Texas, for the last 20 years have bred without fail the last three days of October and the first week of November. In 2015, fetal ages showed our prime breeding was a combination of a trickle rut and a peak of November 25th. Lastly, the weather for most of the country for deer season was remarkably warm and wet. A deer’s eyes process light about a million times better than humans. So, if there is a quarter moon or more a deer can see at night as you do in late afternoon. The best moon to hunt deer is the last quarter that rises at midnight and sets at noon, thereby eliminating any light until midnight. Opening day for most of the country saw plenty of light to encourage nocturnality of the deer. We noted that most mature bucks were active from midnight to 2 am for most of the country, hardly a time when an honest hunter can pursue them! The Management Calendar This article was not exactly about Dr. Deer’s Management Calendar, but actually it is! Starting right now, you need to develop a management strategy for the entire year that sets the goal of minimizing the negative factors experienced in 2015. Start now to organize your food plot program, planting both warm season and cool season crops at a rate of 2% of your land. Develop a plan to produce thermal cover, which takes time to produce. Lastly, you should better utilize trail cameras to provide you with 365 day reconnaissance of what your deer are doing and when. If you follow my suggestions, next season may be a whole lot more enjoyable. This is a continuation from third ED 2015 page
3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
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3rd Edition 2015
Lyme Disease Symptoms Please check if you have the symptoms listed below: • Stiffness of the joints or back? • Tingling, numbness, burning or stabbing sensations? • Facial paralysis - Bell’s Palsy? • Double or blurry vision, floaters, pain, light sensitivity? • Buzzing or ringing in ears, ear pain, sensitivity to sound? • Dizziness, poor balance, increased motion sickness? • Light-headed? • Confusion, difficulty thinking? • Difficulty with concentration, reading, or following plots? • Decreased short term memory loss? • Disorientation, getting lost, going to wrong places? • Difficulty with speech, think one thing and another word
comes out? • Mood swings, irritability, depression, crying for no reason? • Disturbed sleep - increased, decreased or nightmares, night sweats? • Exaggerated symptoms from alcohol? • Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel, Chronic Fatigue, Epstein Barr or M.S.? • Do you feel like dying? • Have you seen multiple doctors without success? • Do people say you are a “hypochondriac” or tell you it’s in your head? Dr. Gregory and Debra Bach
THE BRAVEST RESCUE PUPPY
• Unexplained fever, chills, or sweats? • Unexplained weight changes, gain or loss? • Fatigue, tiredness, especially around 3 P.M.? • Unexplained swollen glands? • Chronic sore throat or sinus infections? • Testicular/pelvic pain? • Unexplained menstrual irregularity? • Irritable bladder or bladder dysfunction? • Sexual dysfunction or loss of libido? • Stomach problems? • Change in bowel function, constipation, diarrhea? • Chest pains? • Shortness of breath/cough? • Heart palpitations, heart block, racking heart, slow beat? • Muscle pain/cramps? • Joint pain/swelling that come & go - knees, hips, ankles, wrists? • Twitches of facial or other muscles? • Headaches, sometimes days at a time? • Neck creaks/cracks stiffness?
©
Edward
Tomilee
DR. GREGORY PAUL BACH D.O., F.A.A.I.M., P.C.
BOARD CERTIFIED FAMILY MEDICINE
Board Certified Addiction Medicine • Board Certified Integrative Medicine • Congressional Medical Advisor
Founding Board Member ILADSRoad, • Chair Hamburg, of Subcommittee the Governor of PACabelas) on Education of Lyme Disease 670ofMill PAof 19526 (Near 22
By Appointment Only (610) 488-8030 • (610) 488-8048 Fax
Founding Board Member of ILADS • Chair of Subcommittee on Education Governors Lyme Disease Task Force Act 83
3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
Lymes Disease and Blindness by Dr. Gregory Bach, D.O., F.A.A.I.M., P.C. 23 – case studies – he diagnosis of Lyme Disease and its coinfections is so easy for the common Patient, but so elusive to the Medical Doctors. The Ideology for the last 37 years is that Lyme Disease is cured in two weeks. There is a Doctor who is asking for a 50 million dollar grant from his friends at CDC/NIH to prove that Lyme Disease is cured in two weeks and after that it’s all in your head. It pays well to be part of the so called Holders of the Established Lyme Test and Big Pharma: See Published in Medical Rounds authored by Heather Dewar. “Chronic Lyme in the Cross Hairs” is a recent publication which is free for all PA medical society physicians. This was published to contradict the news of PA Act 83 which now recognizes that there is long term Lyme Disease and a need to be treated longer. For more information, see web site. I was Sub Committee Chairman for Education for the PA Governor’s Task Force Act 83. Twenty three (23) other states have similar laws in place including NEW YORK. It was once said “It is always better to tell the truth, it will always stand on its own but a lie has to be continually reinforced and the liar has to remember how it was said and has to constantly prop it up and re-support it, but the truth will stand alone.” Again through this series follow the Money trail on the 20 Patent holders at the CDC/NIH – who hold over 200 Patents on the Lyme Disease test, along with each of their Universities making Billions of dollars in research monies$$$$-like the song goes by Abba “Money, Money, Money in a Rich Man’s World.” So, we are forced to teach both patient and doctor the clinical method of the signs and symptoms of Lyme Disease and its coinfections. I saw a young 30 year old Ophthalmologist (Eye Doctor) who has a Sub Specialty in Glaucoma yesterday, who was on duty who helped check my eye for an infection. He was most interested, in my research on Lyme Disease because Glaucoma builds up pressure in the eye and eventually can cause you to go blind. Now we know that Lyme Disease causes inflammation, swelling of muscles and different parts of the body including the eyes. As an aside, I told him that I was told myself that 15 years ago I was developing Glaucoma so I used a treatment of antibiotic drops called Ciloxin for an extended period of time, but he looked into my eye yesterday and measured my ocular pressure and he said “you don’t have it and your eyes look like you’ve never had it.” I have had hundreds of patients diagnosed with Glaucoma and high intraocular eye pressure and over time they improved. My own Mother who was DNA positive for Lyme Disease was diagnosed with it but I treated my mom through her GP. She made 90 years of age without any effects of blindness. She, like my grandfather who made 99 and my grandmother who made 98 had longevity. But both my grandparents cause of death was perforation of the bowels by a nursing home staff using enemas, and my mom who was in stable health died suddenly of pancreatic cancer after being put on a drug called Januvia (Sitagliptin Phosphate), now is being related to rapid pancreatic cancer. My mom was in stable health and could have lived as long as her parents. Returning to this young Dr. Justin MD, who held me for a long visit and wanted me to explain to him as much as possible about Lyme Disease and blindness. He told me at the ripe old age of 30 and I was around the same age when I learned about Lyme Disease some 30 years ago and said “I always thought it could be linked to something like Lyme Disease but I couldn’t get a positive test result.” There you go again, another example of the controlled medical machine (CMM), profiting at the death and suffering of others. This new Doctor and I have agreed to write some future papers together and he has three little children who I promised to send a copy of our children’s book which my wife and I co-authored. The Bravest Rescue Puppy can be found at www. mascotbooks.com. Again out of frustration, my wife and I wrote this children’s book to help teach children, along with their parents and grandparents who read the book to them to learn about Lyme Disease. Based on a true story about a Puppy we donated for Search and Rescue to a Lady Fire Captain in Ohio (FEMA) Federal Emergency Management Agency. The puppy became one of the top search and rescue dogs in the United States. The illustrator came to me three years ago at age 26, with a misdiagnoses of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). She was in a wheelchair and couldn’t use her hands. It turned out to be Lyme Disease and its coinfections. After a couple of months, Amy was starting to walk and I assigned her to draw animal pictures to retrain her hands. She was a Walt Disney trained artist by background. This therapy helped her come back, as did working with my wife and I to put this book together. The second book in the series is complete and book three is started. Future funds will go to support the building of a Lyme Disease Research and Educational hospital on our farm to teach doctors how to diagnose and treat these diseases, and buying more Search and Rescue Puppies to help rescue teams whose mission directive is to search for lost individuals in disaster situations throughout the world. Back to the story of eye sight and Lyme Disease cases. 30 years ago, my wife became blind and deaf from Lyme Disease – this is why I’m writing this article on my Saturday afternoon off. God gives us a purpose in life and mine is Helping People with
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
Dr. Gregory and Debra Bach
Lyme Disease. My wife was diagnosed in late 1989 with Macular Degeneration (MD). The macula lutea is an oval-shaped pigmented area near the center of the retina of the human eye. It is estimated that 18 million people will have MD in the future. The saying with MD is you can go and find your way to your movie seat but you’ll never be able to watch the picture show because it destroys the central part of your vision. It’s a very sad disease. However, my wife was treated and after getting several doses of antibiotics she went from lying in a bed slowly dying to 48 hours later wanting to paint the bathroom. This is well documented, her sight and hearing loss had returned and she has been quite stable for the last quarter century. Now the eye doctors today say that she has no signs of MD and it looks like she never had it, however her photos and records from the past prove the diagnosis. Her hearing improved until a car accident of 2012 when a construction road sign fell on top of her car and she had a traumatic brain injury and she lost her hearing that we had gotten back for 25 years. So I put the artist and my wife together as a form of physical therapy, to write this series of books with me. In another case, Brad, a very brilliant steel chemist and a patient for a number of years, was totally blind in his left eye. His retina was detaching which is in the back of the eye (the part of the eye you see with). Retinal detachment and Lyme Disease has a high degree of association. I told him “let’s get you treated and have your two eye specialists follow the case.” This case is well documented and with treatment for his Lyme Disease and conservative treatment by his eye specialists, which basically they both followed the progress of the eye being restored back to the point that the eye doctors said it regenerated so well it almost looks like he never had it. Last week, I got a new patient in (I call them respectfully incoming wounded). His diagnosis was missed by under-educated doctors. Under-educated because of information held back by controlled medical machine (CMM) of the 20 patent holders and big Pharma. He had Lyme disease and four years ago he had an operation on his right retina. On his way home from the surgery, he leaned down to pick up a tissue in his car and his eye instantly bled out, they returned to the hospital but the eye could not be saved. The patient reported that he later found out that they never took him off blood thinners used to treat to heart problems from his underlying Lyme Disease. Strike one – four years later he’s reading a symptoms list I published in the Lancaster Farmer (Horse Expo) and comes and sees us to relate his story. Now his left eye, the only good one he has, is starting to lose his vision. After researching his history I asked him, had he been given any steroids recently, and he stated Yes, two months ago he had multiple steroid shots in his back for pain. It took the pain away for a time and then they sent him to a rheumatologist as is common practice to use steroids for inflammation, many of my patients report that they were told they have rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but after testing tens of thousands of Lyme patients for RA factor, I’ve only found only a hand-full to have RA what they really have is infectious form of arthritis, which used to be called Lyme Arthritis. Over time the name has become Lyme Disease. The worst thing to give a patient who has not been properly, clinically diagnosed for Lyme or a tick borne disease is a Steroid or Immune Suppressant (STEROIDS with Lyme Disease = BLINDNESS). After two weeks of seeing his new rheumatologist who adds more steroids along with his former steroid shots, his vision started to fail within 14 days. Steroids are like putting kerosene on a fire, you don’t want suppress the immune system if there is a Possibility of a Bacterial Infection which has not been ruled out properly, including clinically. This is first year medicine. I saw him twice over the past two weeks, he reports his vision is going up and down but better in the “This is a great story for many audiences AM and the regressing slightly down at 3:00PM. This is a very especially children. The illustrations are warm, inviting and well done! common cycle in Lyme Disease until the patient stabilizes. The Every dog and every person has a design for a particular purpose and organism wakes up or activates at 3:00AM and goes to sleep this book describes differences in a delightful way through Zena”. or rests at 3:00PM. This has been studied and presented as a scientific fact. It a cyclic organism. This case will be followed for future publication and hopefully it’s in God’s hands if we are able to restore his sight back fully. Again, I’ve seen this cycle in thousands of patients, it is the nature of the disease. I will continue this series next time, but please remember this Please refuse any steroids if you think you may have Lyme Your purchase of the “The Bravest Rescue Puppy” Disease or any tick borne disease infection. They can lead to Will help Support Lyme Disease Research and K9 blindness and make it 10 times worse for the patient. They are Training for Dogs in Service only to be used in an emergency crisis when there is no other choice. I S B N 978-1-63177-064-7
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THE BRAVEST RESCUE PUPPY
Dr. Nancy Fox, Educational Expert
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Edward
Tomilee
Wildlife Management News
Good in the Neighborhood
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drawdE
t was the beginning of January and the hangover from the holidays seemed to be slowly wearing off despite the frigid temperatures outside. Stuffed full from festive foods along with the barrage of college bowl games. The previous whitetail season still fresh in my mind. Heck it just ended a few weeks ago. The guns and clothing had just been cleaned and put away. Unable to harvest a mature buck for the second year in a row, it was still measured as a success. Fortunate to put a doe in the freezer in an attempt to restock is always a benefit. Quite honestly, I was actually enjoying the hiatus from the grind of chasing whitetails, until my cell phone buzzed. The message was from my neighbor with a picture attached of a decent 2.5-year-old buck with the words “He made it through!” Right then, just as if a switch flipped I started to get excited for the 2016 season. Running trail cameras on my small piece of property, I decided to go for a walk after the volley of text messages. Maybe work off some extra pounds of Christmas cookies that I consumed. Returning from the trek with cards in my pocket, I fired up the laptop and to my surprise, I had the same buck a few days later. I took a picture of it and sent it back to my neighbor. Quickly he replied back “Anything else strange on your cameras”. With a puzzled look, I continued to go through the rest of them until the image of thumbs up came across the screen. Chuckling, I snapped a photo of it and sent it to him. Sitting on the couch, I thought about the first time I met my neighbor, Brandon. I had moved to the area a year before actually meeting him. Although he lives two houses away down the road, his property borders the backside of mine and connects on a pond. On vacation from work for a week during November, I was home from a morning hunt eating lunch when I peered out the window. Someone was barreling up the driveway on a four-wheeler. I didn’t know who this person was; I went outside thinking he had shot a deer, asking permission to retrieve it on my property. After introductions, he told me he was just there to introduce himself and then the topic of hunting came up. Turned out he owned and hunted a large farm next to my smaller property. Mentioning QDM and asking if I hunted I informed him that I did but rarely on my small property, being able to hunt the family farm in the next town over. The one thing that took me by surprise was him saying I could put a stand on the other side of the pond. We then exchanged numbers. The season went on and I continued to hunt the farm. The dreaded winter came and gone. It wasn’t until spring turkey season when I texted him. Noticing a big gobbler in his green field across the street, I sent him a quick text. This was what got our hunting partnership going. He tried to get the bird but was unsuccessful. Turkey season wrapped up and bow season was approaching. I spent a lot more time on my property learning the lay of the land and eelimoT
placing trail cameras out in order to gain insight. One day I contacted Brandon to see if I could hang a stand on his property. He replied of course! The lawn mowing, swimming and gardening of summer quickly ended, the leaves were turning and the calendar changed to October. Throughout the summer, Brandon and I shared pictures of bucks in velvet while also conversing about other hunting topics. Both of us are very much into bow hunting. I, the newbie to the area would bombard him with questions about how the deer moved through the area. I think I still owe him a few adult beverages after all the useful knowledge he let go. Unsure on the family farm status and if it would be sold this past season, I started to hunt more regularly on my own property. I have to admit it was very beneficial to be able to walk out your back door and hunt. This is something that was new to me. From scouting reports to trail camera pictures, the information sharing continued. We established some guidelines for we thought were shooters. Not everyone in the area followed our criteria, despite our best efforts to inform them. Not letting that bother us, we cooperated with eachother and managed the deer anyway. We knew we could increase our chances to harvest mature whitetails between the two of us. I hope that some more of the neighbors will come on board if they see evidence of our QDM. Some people may say that I am getting the short straw for doing this. My property is much smaller than Brandon’s and the odds of shooting a mature buck are greatly more in his favor, but it doesn’t bother me. Being optimistic, I think it will help the deer herd around us in general, and help build the coperative feeling amongst neighbors. Deer seem to travel between the two properties and as proof, I offer pictures of bucks that he also has on his property. I think my brother summed it up best describing the attitude of hunters “Most guys wouldn’t share anything with other hunters.” This past season we have shared countless trail camera pictures and sightings from our countless hours on stands. We also plan to get together this spring for shed hunting and some more land managing. However tough it may be, working with neighbors to practice good quality deer management is worth reaching out your hand and offering. Over the years more and more cooperatives between neighbors, collectively adding up to hundreds of acres of land are coming under management, and are showing great results. Take a shot and reach out to your neighbors, inform them, and get the ball rolling for managing those properties. 25
Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
Becoming a Complete Manager
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by John Buck
ith the advent of QDM being introduced to the hunters of Pennsylvania in the early 2000’s, we were about to change the way we manage our deer herd, our land and ourselves. For too long did the landscape and herd endure such calamity with mis-management, allowing for a multitude of negative consequences to occur: 1) improper buck to doe ratio, 2) poor forest regeneration due to high carrying capacities, 3) malnourished deer, 4) smaller bucks, 5) an extended rut that would put additional stress on these bucks, resulting in late born fawns and so forth. Within the last 15 years, due to various changes and a different mindset, the hunting experience and other attributes have improved dramatically. We witnessed older, healthier and larger bucks in the herd, increased body weights, greater fawn recruitment and what seemed, a healthier forest. Everything is a positive. During 2015, from a manager perspective, I have noticed several traits that may have risen the alarm that we have become too complacent and have ignored a vital component in this process and that would be, PREDATORS. Yes, as the vast majority of hunters have concentrated our efforts on mainly managing our deer and forest, we have to be concerned that Coyotes are also pursuing the same deer, on the same grounds, as we are. By acknowledging the fact that we have seen their numbers increase dramatically, by the mere sightings or hearing them at various times of the day, they are present and without a plan to manage them properly, we will ultimately see a decline in deer numbers, especially a void in fawn recruitment. To take management to the next level, I embarked on becoming a trapper, whether using a cable restraint or foot-hold trap to properly curb the number of predators in our area. By broadening my horizons, I have become a deer’s best friend and a coyote’s worst nightmare. By discussing the threat of coyotes impacting our deer herds with other hunters, they have also become alarmed and often inquired of how to eradicate their numbers. The PGC (Pennsylvania Game Commission) readily admits that it does not monitor the coyote population, but does make guesstimates of how many coyotes and foxes are harvested annually. However, with the increased sales of furbearers licenses in the last 5 years (2009- 29,000+) – (2014 – 43,000+) there has been a dramatic increase in coyote harvests in that time; (2009 – 26,000+) – (2014 – 40,000+). Let’s keep in mind that the removal of coyotes does not secure the increase of fawn recruitment numbers. Trapping in Pennsylvania has a limited season for Coyotes and Foxes, (Oct 25-Feb. 21) as January and February are considered their “rut”. They can be caught with cable restraints and leg hold traps, being the most effective way. It’s important to note that in the pursuit of Coyotes, a furtaker license is not required to hunt them, but is required to trap them and the furtaker license is required to take any other furbearer by hunting or trapping, and in pursuit of those other furbearers (bobcat, fisher or otter), each has their 26
own permits to purchase from the PGC. Although there are supplementary methods (increased cover & better nutrition for increased health) that offer fawns greater survival and help prevent predation, the removal of coyotes, on a greater scale, is paramount. By removing at least 70% of their numbers, from a given region, annually. What can be done? As a beginning trapper, I was truly fascinated in the effectiveness of trapping with leg hold traps being utilized on dirt-hole & flat sets. By watching several Youtube channel videos (Growing Deer w/ Dr. Grant Woods; The Management Advantage w/ Casey Shoopman & Trapping Time w/ Robbie Gilbert) reading various articles and talking with professional trappers, my “Trapping I.Q.” on the subject increased dramatically and I welcomed the challenge. Is trapping easy? Not by a longshot however my odds improved intensely. Knowing what equipment to use, the proper traps, the most effective baits & lures, locations that coyotes frequent the most and many other variables that will make all the difference in fulfilling our goal in removing these “deer killers”. For example, here’s a list of how to properly lay a “dirt Hole” set: 1) Once the dirt hole has been dug (6-8” deep x 1.5-2.5” wide), the trap pad should be 6-9” from the hole, and off to one side. 2) The pad has to be off-set to factor in where his legs are compared to the hole when he/she is working the set. Generally, we don’t want the pad directly underneath the Coyote. 3) The trap trigger faces the dirt hole. 4) Remove all the debris from the set to ensure that it doesn’t get into the springs, so it closes properly on the coyotes foot. 5)Its imperitive to measure out the set before the trap is layed to ensure the trap is sitting firmly in the ground by packing the dirt around it, so it doesn’t move when the coyote stands on it. If the trap does move, the coyote will feel it and get suspicious, leaving the area and not returning. 6)You can stake the trap into the ground two ways: (1) use (2) rebar stakes, in a criss cross pattern, bang them into the ground approximately 18-24” and then set the trap; or 2) use a duckbill earth anchor on a 15-18” cable tied to the trap. Each method works well. 7)Sift dirt or peat moss over the trap and level it out, remembering where the trap pad is. Some trappers take the extra step and use a trap pad screen to help avoid getting debris under the pad, that would ultimately prevent it from closing. 8) Add lure or bait or both to the dirt hole by applying it to either sheep’s wool or a synthetic scent wick and then place it at the bottom of the hole. By doing so, it will cause the coyote to dig for it and try to remove it. The more the coyote tries to work the set, the better the chances are that it will set off the trap. By being the complete manager and learning how to trap, we can effectively decrease the coyotes numbers, increase fawn recruitment and continue managing our deer numbers, minus any predator interference.
Photo By Mark Peretore 27
Wildlife Management News
Wildlife Management In The Classroom
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Whitetail Deer Food Source Comparison DCMO BOCES: Fall 2015
enior students enrolled in the Career and Technical Education programs (CTE) at DCMO BOCES are required to complete an assignment known as a Senior Project, in order to receive a completion certificate upon graduation. DCMO BOCES offers career and technical education programs to high school students in the counties of Delaware, Chenango, Madison and Otsego in upstate NY. Senior projects are chosen by the students and completed individually or with another student in the program if the project warrants. One stipulation is that this project must fall within the related field, or fields, of the program the student is enrolled in. Upon completion of the actual field work students put together a report regarding the project. Written below is a Senior Project report by Conservation and Equipment Technology program students Andrew Gardner and Korbin Valentine both of Sidney High School in Sidney, NY. Both Andy and Korbin took special interest in the class Wildlife Management unit and, coupled with their interest in hunting and wildlife, decided to conduct a 10 week trail camera study concerning deer feeding behavior between Wild Apple trees and class constructed food plots. Using information learned in the unit such as habitat, food plot construc-
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3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
Wildlife Management News
tion, wildlife movement trends and feeding patterns Andy and Korbin strategically utilized class game cameras to photograph Whitetail Deer for 10 weeks. At the culmination of their game camera study Andy and Korbin compiled all of the trail camera data and put together this report, with the aid of program ELA teacher Michelle Burke. This report states the student’s findings and opinions they formed from knowledge gained through the program concerning wildlife management and data received from the field.
A
s a senior project at the Robert W. Harrold BOCES campus in Sidney Center, NY, as part of the Conservation program we conducted a deer food source survey on the school property. We set out to see what food source deer would frequent most often during the fall hunting season, food plots or Apple trees. In order to obtain information for this survey we used three different trail cameras to capture the deer in their different habitats. To conduct this survey we placed the trail cameras in a food plot that we had created in early September containing Buck Forage clover and oats and also on various Wild Apple trees. By obtaining the information from the survey we were able to decide whether it is worth spending the extra time and money on the food plot as opposed to caring for and hunting natural apple trees. The survey was very successful and we not only captured great pictures of deer, but we also captured great pictures of other wildlife such as black bear, raccoon, porcupine, fishers, coyote, and turkey. Shortly after creating the food plot we began to capture great pictures. Perhaps the best photos were of an early October buck
fight. We also photographed several doe, a black bear, coyote, and turkey. During the 10-week survey the most successful week for the food plots was between the dates of September 25th through the opening weekend of bow season, the first couple days of October. This week yielded 310 pictures, nearly half of the total pictures for all 10 weeks. We believe this particular week was so successful because of the abundant food source and increased pre-rut activity and very little pressure from humans, so the Deer were still patternable . Only 4 weeks later we had the drastic low for pictures at the food plot, we only captured 3 pictures. We believe this drastic low was from increased hunting pressure from hunters as well as the peak of the rut where deer do not typically visit food sources as frequently. In all, we captured 817 photos from the food plot making it very successful. The other food source surveyed was Wild Apple trees located throughout the schools wooded areas. Including deer, the apple trees also consistently captured other species. Although the apple trees did not produce quite as many pictures, they proved to be more consistent than the food plot especially during the rut. The peak of the pictures were the week after the food plot’s peak, which included the dates of October 1st through the 8th which captured 273 of the total 732 pictures taken throughout the study. We believe that the reason for this was, little pressure, abundant apples, and the beginning of pre-rut. The all time low for the apple trees was October 22nd through the 29th, with the camera only capturing nine pictures. We believe this information proves that wild apple trees are more consistent during the hunting season time period than the food plot. One of the biggest reasons we believe, is because there is more cover around
most apple trees so the deer may tend to feel safer. For this particular fall food source comparison we concluded that the apple trees were a better food source for deer and the deer hunter. There are many factors that helped aid our decision such as: they were more consistent, little work, little money, and limited equipment is needed for upkeep. The key decision making standpoint to us was how much money, and labor are invested into a food plot, keeping in mind we only had one camera surveying the whole field, we still believe that the extra time and money does not beat the simplicity of wild apples. Simply releasing a natural apple tree in your woods every year using a chainsaw will prove to be an excellent food source to attract all different types of animals, especially whitetail deer.
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
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The Payoff
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by Wayne Davenport
t was opening day Saturday, 11/21 of the 2015 NY Gun season. I had a pretty successful season thus far. I had harvested a doe in early NY season with my bow and a decent 7 point over one of our clover plots from a blind in late October. I has also traveled to Kansas in November and took real nice mature 14 point buck with my bow over a decoy set. But as every hunter konws early success or failure means nothing to hunt your currently on. In the woods anything can happen. On the NY opener, my long time PA hunting friend Dave was hunting with me along with my two sons Chris and Andy. Three of us were hunting the hard woods and my son Chris was hunting my neighbor’s property. The stand we call the “Jimmy Low Stand”. It’s positioned at the bottom of a hedge row between two fields, over-looking two mowed fields with a heavy bedding area to the north and a large golden rod field adjacent to a half acre clover plot surrounded by hardwoods and plantation pines. A real honey hole. We have taken several good bucks and have seen dozens over the years at this spot. My son Chris saw 8 bucks and numerous does from this stand on opening morning. Two shooters and the rest were small ones. Unfortunately, he was not able to harvest any of the deer this morning. However, the morning proved successful for my long time PA hunting friend as he harvested a heavy horned 9 pointer in the hard woods on my property. My yougest son, Andy, and I saw numerous does but no bucks from our hard woods stand that morning. I left the stand around 11:30am to go and help my friend get his buck out of the woods. We took it to the garage where we skinned and deboned the deer quickly. Anxiousl to get back in the stand. We finished around 1:30pm and I called my son to see where he wanted to hunt for the afternoon sit. He informed me that he could not hunt that afternoon. He and his wife just had their second baby a few weeks before
and he had to help with the kids at home. He told me to go and hunt the “Jimmy low stand” because maybe one of the shooter bucks he had seen that morning might just be there. I said OK and was nestled in the stand at 1:45pm. I texted my son to let him know I was safely in the stand and told him to have his boots ready. I was hunting alone, and whenever I hunt alone, things usually go my way. At about 2:30pm I glanced to my left and there was a big buck silhouetted in the pipeline about 200 yds. away. I pulled up my Remington 30-06 but was not able to keep the scope on him since the wind was blowing my tree back and forth. That wind whipped so much taht I did not feel comfortable taking a shot. After attempting to steady my rifle a few times, I decided I wouldn’t shoot and waited to see what the buck was going to do. If he goes up the hill, he’s gone from my sight, but if he comes down the hill, he’s dead. As luck would have it he turned and began running down the hill parallel to my stand. At about 150 yards I yelled to stop him. He stopped broadside. With the crosshairs firmly on his shoulder I squeezed off a freehand shot. He kicked up, ran about 100 yards and fell in the field 50 yards from entering the wood edge. I glassed him for a short time to be sure he was dead and then called my son’s to let them know I had taken a good deer. A perfect heart shot. He was a typical 10 point with a couple abnormal points and weighed 165 lbs dressed and his rack green scored around 138”. A good deer for Tioga County, NY. My son’s and I run about 12 trail cameras starting in June right up to and into gun season. Running cameras is one of our favorite things to do. By the time bow season rolls around we have a pretty good inventory of the deer we have on our properties. The deer I harvested this year was no stranger to us but we had limited pics of him and all were at night. I think we have actually 3 years of pictures of this deer at the same camera location. We never got a picture of this deer in velvet or during day time. All of the pics usually came in mid-November and we never put our eyes on him once from the stand until I killed it. About the author - Wayne Davenport Biography: Wayne Davenport, Male, Age 55, Born in Sayre, Pennsylvania 1960, Lived in Sayre PA until 1973 when he moved to Candor, NY. He worked at Cornell University for 30 years and is
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Wayne, Chris, and Bill pose for a picture with their trophies they have aquire over the years. All but two of these bucks were killed by them on the property the manage in NY Who says you can’t kill big bucks in NYS! currently the Director of Facilities for the College of Veterinary Medicine. Dave started deer hunting in 1978, and then began bow hunting in 1980. Hunting is his passion. His hunting property is located in Tioga County, Candor, NY. He hunts with his 2 sons, Chris and Andy Davenport and his long time PA friend Dave Kvaka from Germyn, PA. They manage approximately 300 acres of hunting land. Most of their property consists of miscellaneous hardwoods, red and white oaks, with a deep hemlock filled ravine through the center of the property. He has three half acre food plots. They don’t hunt over their food plots very often but use them to keep deer in and around our property. They rely heavily on numerous trail cameras set up to inventory the herd. They’ve been planting food plots for about 5 years and have seen a significant increase in the deer herd on the property. They activley manage the porperty year after year and recently had 153 acre logged this summer. It has changed the deer movement a slightly, but he does this for the long term improvements it will make on their hunting property. They expect lots of new growth from the forrest floor as a long term plan, but are also benefiting from the funnjels and bedding created from the tops that were left. They notice their
deer numbers fluctuate according to the mass crop of acorns and apples. They have created a sanctury of roughly 50 acres of thick bedding area in which they leave alone for the deer and don’t hunt it at all. They selectively manage their deer for both buck to doe ratios, as well as buck age structure. They try to shoot bucks of at least 110” class or better. They also activley manage the doe population by harvesting 3-5 does a year off the property. The pictures are proof enoughthat there is a payoff to your hard work in the woods.
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Wildlife Management News
3rd Edition 2015
3rd Edition 2015
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