ACUNS No. 2, 2011 by Wilfrid Laurier University

ACUNS

THE ACADEMIC COUNCIL ON THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM

Infor mational Memor andum

No. 2 â&#x20AC;˘ 2011

combining work in academia w i t h international development consulting nanette svenson

Increasingly, academics are choosing to combine university

careers with consultancy and the field of international development is no exception. The United Nations, development banks, bilateral aid agencies and international non-governmental organizations-like private sector industry-spend millions every year on outside consulting. So, it makes sense for academics in related fields to pursue these opportunities, especially in niches where they have an advantage.

Context Competition is fierce, however. James Fay's Guide to Careers in World Affairs estimates that USAID maintains records for 1,000 international consulting suppliers and the World Bank registers over 4,000 providers. These range from for-profits like McKinsey & Company to non-profits, individuals and hybrids. And they cover a broad array of classifications that include economics, financial and aid management, infrastructure, governance, human rights, healthcare, education, gender equality, disaster preparedness, and environmental and energy policy.

While consultants come from across the globe, the bulk of spending is still concentrated in industrialized countries. One UN report calculates one-third of consultants and nearly 40 percent of consultancy spending goes to providers from five countries: the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, France and Chile. Those who are situated in or near global hub cities are also favored.

qualifications Master's and PhD degrees are basic requirements, which helps the academic to an extent. Specialization is often prized as well. Thus, accumulated publications and presentations on specific topics, along with association, conference and network affiliation, tend to boost visibility and increase potential for attracting consultancies. The more lucrative (and competitive) areas are generally those related most directly to money: trade, competitiveness, economic integration, justice, fiscal and monetary policy, privatization, infrastructure, public health and technology. These are also the areas most pursued by the large private firms. c o n t i n u e d o n pa g e 2 > 1

combining work in academia w i t h international development consulting

The challenge for professors is to understand and perform in the role of consultant extending beyond the bounds of academic traditions and norms. Done well, this effort has the ability to bridge some of the gap between the ivory tower and the "real" world.

continued from cover >

Academics often have a better chance of vying for consultancies in less high profile and profitable areas such as gender, education and indigenous or anthropological studies, for example, or for highly specialized or esoteric applications. Of course, it is easier to operate from an institution like Harvard, Stanford, MIT or Columbia that has ivy-league status and an established development trajectory. But this is less true for more specialized work where it is easier for specific departments within lesser known universities and individual professors to distinguish themselves. Fluency in another language (especially Spanish, French or Arabic) is not absolutely necessary but extremely helpful, particularly for UN work and in Latin America, Africa and the Arab regions. Prior experience is critical, too. Those who have held international jobs– especially if they have lived abroad– have an edge. And those with UN or international organization experience have a bigger edge. Coming from a position on "the inside" provides an important leg up with regard to personal connections, knowledge of internal workings and politics, and manipulation of jargon.

pros and cons The advantages are combining academia and international consultancy are numerous. Many of these are obvious: application of knowledge to different countries and cultures; possibility for travel and adventure; an emphasis on practical application instead of theory; and the status of association with world bodies like the UN, the World Bank or the IMF. Other "pros" are less apparent: exposure to a highly educated, non-academic group of professionals with a different perspective (and hierarchy); pressure to keep current in the field but in new ways and areas; and the possibility for reinvention and segueing into a new career path.

multiple multilateralisms

The difficulties of combining the two are also numerous. Consulting frequently requires travel flexibility, which may not coincide with a class schedule. Consulting is temporal, hit-and-miss, and connected to unique trends and fads. Access to information on jobs is notoriously faulty. Competition is stiff, the application process is cumbersome, and recruitment is seldom transparent. Development priorities, work styles, terminology and timeframes are very different from those in academia. Additionally, well-produced work may suffer from the "shelf syndrome"– where painstaking research and reporting does little more than sit on a bookcase or in a digital file, contributing little to development goals and outcomes. Plus, often the academic is legally prohibited from using the data produced for academic publishing elsewhere. Still, while the reality of trying to combine academics and consulting can be frustrating, the international development arena provides incredible potential for rich research. The challenge for professors is to understand and perform in the role of consultant extending beyond the bounds of academic traditions and norms. Done well, this effort has the ability to bridge some of the gap between the ivory tower and the "real" world. Many times, academics look down upon those in commercial or development sectors as intellectually inferior, while development professionals often look upon academics as unproductive and incompetent nerds. If we can work toward instilling some of the rigor, objectivity and ethics of academia into the more practical, decisive, dynamic world of international development, both will be better off. Nanette Svenson, MBA, PhD currently works as a consultant for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and various Panamanian public and private entities. She helped found and head Pro Artesana, the leading NGO for Panamanian artisan capacity development and is a member of Panama’s FUDESPA, a private foundation for national economic and social development.

AM11

2011 acuns annual meeting waterloo, canada 2-4 June, 2011

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Annual meeting highlights

ACUNS Secretariat Staff Alistair Edgar, Executive Director

What's on the agenda at the upcoming AM11

Brenda Burns, Administration, Communications and Program Development ACUNS Wilfrid Laurier University 75 University Avenue, West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3C5

John W. Holmes Memorial Lecture Bruce W. Jentleson Professor of Public Policy and Political Science, Duke Sanford School of Public Policy

T. (519) 884-0710, ext. 2766

"Multilateralism in a Copernican World"

E. bburns@wlu.ca

F. (519) 884-5097

www.acuns.org

KEYNOTE ADDRESS Suzanne Nossel Deputy Assistant Secretary, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, US Department of State

PLENARY / ROUNDTABLE 1

PLENARY / ROUNDTABLE 3

Ideas that Matter: Governance, Security and Development

Adaptive Leadership and Values for Global Citizenship

Moderator: Thomas G. Weiss, Director,

Moderator: David Shorr, The Stanley Foundation

Ralph Bunche Institute, CUNY

Panellists: • Ted Piccone, Deputy Director Foreign

Panellists: • Thomas Kwasi Tieku, Africa Initiative

Program, CIGI and University of Toronto

• Lorraine Elliott, Australian

Policy, Brookings Institution

• Maria Rublee, Senior Lecturer, University of Auckland

National University

PLENARY / ROUNDTABLE 2 The New Geometry of Summitry: Universal versus Functional Issues Management

ACUNS Board Members 2010-2011 Chair

Christer Jönsson, Lund University

Past Chair Thomas G. Weiss, CUNY Graduate Center

PLENARY / ROUNDTABLE 4

Members

Aldo Caliari, Center of Concern

The United Nations and Public-Private Partnerships

Roger Coate, Georgia College and State University

Moderator: Roger Coate, Professor,

Sam Daws, UN Association, UK

Lorraine Elliott, Australian National University

Moderator: Shin-wha Lee, Professor,

Georgia College & State University

Korea University

• Catia Gregoratti, Post-Doctoral

Shin-wha Lee, Korea University

• Melissa Powell, Strategy and

Julie Mertus, American University

• Maher Nasser, Director of Outreach

Henrike Paepcke, Dusseldorf Institute for Foreign and Security Policy

Ramesh Thakur, University of Waterloo

Jan Wouters, University of Leuven

Panellists: • Sam Daws, Centre for International Studies, University of Oxford

• Barry Carin, Senior Fellow, CIGI • Gregory Chin, Global Development

Program, CIGI

Panellists: Researcher, Lund University

Partnerships, UN Global Compact Office, United Nations at UN DPI

Annual Meeting Par tners & Sponsors

regular updates can be found online at www.acuns.org

Notes from the Executive Director

STAY I N G

on topic:

Institutional perceptions, stereotypical fallacies and international misinterpretation

ACUNS at face value? reasserting acuns as more than a north american/european-based organization

Alistair Edgar, Executive Director, ACUNS

Usually I take the opportunity given to me by this space to review some of the notable programs, projects and other activities that we have supported since the preceding newsletter, and to highlight our upcoming work. This time, however, I wanted to address an issue that was brought to my attention recently – a perception that ACUNS is “just another North American and European-based organization.” The person who raised that – and I count them as a friend and colleague – also said that while it may not be a fair perception nonetheless perceptions do count. First and importantly, I would never want to argue that ACUNS is not in many ways North American and European. It was founded in the US, and its earliest and most loyal supporters then were American, Canadian, Mexican, and European scholars and practitioners. Much of the cost of sustaining the Council’s existence – and the Secretariat’s existence, as well – has been borne by these same people, and by institutions and foundations from those areas. Without that generous support (which continues to this day) the Council would not have existed, or would have ceased to function. This is not perception; it is reality. All of this needs to be kept in mind, and certainly is nothing about which to apologize. However, ACUNS is more than a North American and European organization. Today ACUNS’ members come from 55 different countries; we have individual and institutional members in Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Brunei, Cambodia, Chile, Colombia, Egypt, Gambia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, New Zealand, Pakistan, Panama, Russia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Thailand, Uganda and elsewhere.

As well, while over 60 percent per cent of our membership is based in North America and Europe/Central Asia, that does not necessarily reflect the citizenship of those members. We have UN officers, NGO workers, and scholars from all around the world who may work and live in the US (the UN in New York, quite often), or in Europe (Geneva, Vienna) but whose homes are elsewhere. Members of the Board today or in the recent past (while I have been at the secretariat and therefore can speak from personal experience) regularly have come from Australia, Brazil, Guyana, India, Japan, South Korea, Sierra Leone, and other countries. ACUNS supports a Liaison Office in Delhi, India in cooperation with the International Jurist Organization, and has held events there every year since 2004 when the IJO hosted the ACUNS-ASIL Summer Workshop on International Organization Studies. Today, we have a major international conference on training for justice and security sector reform in its planning stages, that will be held in Delhi in December 2012, very generously supported by Spice Global. ACUNS also has undertaken to help organize and support an academic visit to Taiwan by ten Council members, to give lectures and meet with Taiwanese faculty and students interested in UN and international organization studies. We hope that this will become a regular opportunity to exchange research and teaching best practices, supported by the Taiwan Economic and Cultural Office in New York. Holding the ACUNS Annual Meeting is a costly endeavor for which we depend heavily on host institutions, governments and foundations for financial and infrastructure support. That creates some obvious restrictions, but

Renew your membership or become a member online at 4

www.acuns.org

Today ACUNS’ members come

Mourning the loss of a much-loved advocate for human rights and inspirational academic

from 55 different countries. We have individual and institutional members in: Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Brunei, Cambodia, Chile, Colombia, Egypt, Gambia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, New Zealand, Pakistan, Panama, Russia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Thailand, Uganda and elsewhere.

ACUNS nevertheless held its AM06 at PUC-Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, and its AM09 at the University of the West Indies in Trinidad and Tobago. We remain open to offers of support from elsewhere! Speakers at the Annual Meetings, of course, come from around the world while trying at the same time to highlight experts from the scholarly and practitioner communities of the hosts. The ACUNS-ASIL Summer Workshop, our “hidden gem” that members may not always see, regularly includes 16-20 highly motivated and innovative young scholars and practitioners from all over the world, supported by the UN Office of Human Resources Management, by our partnering institutions and sponsors and by ACUNS. In the pages of these newsletters, our members over the past year have read articles by contributors from Australia, India, Indonesia, and Singapore; and the current issue in your hands (or on your screen) includes a piece from Senator Iqbal Haider of Pakistan. The reality check for some of our programs, of course, always is money; the more we have, the more we can do and we have been fortunate to receive tremendous support from many generous individuals, institutions and foundations. But a little ingenuity and the wonders of modern technology also allow us to reach out to a wider global audience – currently numbering almost 3,000 persons – with our E-Update, which is free to anyone who simply registers to receive it. We would love to see that number head up to 10,000; why not be ambitious? Tell your colleagues, or your students and friends, about the ACUNS website and about the E-Update which will connect them to our news, our programs and projects, our opportunities and our global community. Thanks, from North America! –Alistair Edgar

I n

M e m o r i a m

If you were to have asked Peter R. Baehr, who died in November 2010, whether the idea of human rights mattered to his world, his answer probably would have been stated in calm, precise words that masked a passionate interest and deep knowledge. That latter helps explain why his writing in English and his native Dutch stimulated a network of scholars concerned with the subject and a corps of devoted students. Peter’s famously tactful manner, reasoned insights and meticulous expertness made him a sought-after collaborator in conferences, scholarly research and edited volumes. Some of the 20 books bearing his name as author or editor in both English and Dutch also explored the participation of small countries in international politics as well as the effects of human rights doctrine. He lectured on human rights in sites ranging from Mongolia to South Africa, Europe to Latin America. Moreover, in some of his 200 articles published in scholarly and general circulation periodicals, he commented on Dutch foreign policy, advised governments on its content, and brought to his scholarship a keen awareness that policy could be adequately judged only with an understanding of its making and execution. Although Peter rarely mentioned it, and even then only sketchily, his early years were conditioned by direct experience with wholesale violations of human rights. In the wartime occupation of the Netherlands by German forces, Nazi racial policies were savagely executed. Peter and his German-born father and mother escaped, against the odds, by hiding in his native Amsterdam. His intimate friends surmised that this experience was more than enough reason for his lifelong interest in controlling war and promoting human rights. Peter’s academic skills developed through classical secondary education and then study at the University of Amsterdam. There he chose political science, taught by pioneers in a newly created faculty, as his specialty. Peter also had a hand in applying political principles. He was part of a small group of intellectuals who eventually formed a still-surviving political party, Democrats ’66, which sought to modernize and broaden participation in politics. His academic performance won him a fellowship at Georgetown University in Washington, where he earned a Ph.D. in 1964. His dissertation dealt with the dilemmas in American foreign policy regarding issues of self-determination in the United Nations. It underlay his continuing interest in both American and UN politics. A staff member of the political science institute at the University of Amsterdam from 1961, he was appointed professor of international relations in 1969 and soon was buffeted by the turbulence among student politics of that time. That eventually led to his painful conclusion that the political demands of the students obviated free scholarship. Convinced that the highest standards of teaching and research were then unattainable, he reluctantly resigned his professorship in 1976. His next appointment, executive secretary of the new Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR), brought him in contact with the top leadership of the Netherlands government. This body, which as secretary he helped organize and later joined as a member, offered both solicited and unsolicited advice to the Premier on issues of long-term importance for the Dutch polity. In 1983, while a member of WRR, Peter headed the government’s Human Rights and Foreign Policy Advisory Commission. Peter returned to academia in 1986 at Leiden University, first with the honorary Cleveringa professorship and then as professor of human rights and foreign policy. He moved to Utrecht University as professor of human rights, and there he organized and headed the Netherlands Institute of Human Rights (SIM) until 1998. At his death, Peter was professor emeritus at both Leiden and Utrecht Universities. Twice a fellow at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and Social Sciences (NIAS), Peter also served as a board member of the Institute of Social Studies and of the Institut Clingendael that studies foreign and security policy; he edited the Netherlands Quarterly on Human Rights; helped found and chaired the board of the University Assistance Fund that supported refugee students; and was closely associated with Amnesty International. Without any warning, at the age of 75 Peter died of a cerebral hemorrhage on 28 November 2010, alone at his home. Active to the end, he had lunched that day with his long-time collaborator and friend, Leon Gordenker of Princeton University. He leaves his widow, Malie, a son and daughter and three grandchildren.

and good governance senator iqbal haider

What is Good Governance? Some believe in less Government or lesser involvement of the Government in different walks of life.

For the IMF, Good Governance is confined to "surveillance over macroeconomic policies, transparency of Government Accounts, effectiveness of public resources management and the stability and transparency of the economic and regulatory environment for Private Sector activity" as was stated by Mr. Michel Camdessus, then-Managing Director IMF in his address to the United Nations on July 02, 1997. However, I believe Good Governance for people at large has greater significance and demands. Some of the generally recognised criteria include (a) Observance of the Rule of Law; (b) Implementation of writ of the Government; (c) Effective checks and balances to prevent abuse of authority; (d) Independence of Judiciary; (e) Strict accountability of all across the board; (f) Freedom of Press; (g) Fiscal Discipline; (h) Eradication of corruption, exploitation, and discrimination on any basis; (i) Protection of Life, Property and Human Rights of the citizens and above all; (j) Expeditious and inexpensive dispensation of justice. These are just some of the parameters to judge the quality of governance. Irrespective of the system any Country may be following, if it is able to satisfy most of these demands, then undoubtedly it can claim to have Good Governance. Democracy by itself may not be sine qua non for Good Governance. There are a number of examples of duly elected popular leaders turning into dictators. Remember Hitler was also an elected popular leader of Germany. Just about 12 years ago in Pakistan our elected Prime Minister, claiming a so-called "heavy mandate", through the general elections of 1997 (though engineered), commanded a two-thirds majority in the lower House. Had our then Prime Minister in 1999 survived, he would have turned into a worse dictator, after the passage of his proposed Fifteenth Constitution Amendment Bill by the Senate of Pakistan as well. As a practising Senior Advocate of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, a former Senator, and having held various portfolios in the Federal Cabinet including Law and Parliamentary Affairs, I have observed several issues and matters of grave concern, which I believe are hampering the functioning of democracy and Good Governance. One such area of concern is the growing criminalization of politics in the SAARC – South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation – member countries, which in my opinion constitutes today a serious threat and challenge to both Democracy and Good Governance.

Harmonious working of these three institutions of a State is also imperative. This can be achieved if the three institutions function strictly within the scope of authority prescribed under the Constitution and refrain from encroaching upon the powers & functions of each other.

legislature

judiciary

executive

Another issue, which needs to be addressed, is the separate and independent functioning of the three institutions of the State. I strongly feel that the principle of separation of the three institutions of the State should not be confined only to separation of Judiciary from Executive. Separation of Legislature from Executive, in my opinion, is equally important for the effective functioning of democratic institutions and the provision of Good Governance. Therefore, the prevailing practice in SAARC countries in particular, of appointing members of the Parliament as Cabinet Ministers should be cast out. At the same time harmonious working of these three institutions of a State is also imperative. This can be achieved if the three institutions function strictly within the scope of authority prescribed under the Constitution and refrain from encroaching upon the powers & functions of each other. Among all the political systems that have been practised in the past centuries, democracy in its various forms - despite many flaws and drawbacks - appears to be the most coveted system. The founder and the first Governor General of Pakistan, Mr. Mohammad Ali Jinnah, had emphatically assured that Pakistan shall be a Federal Democratic State. In fact Pakistan is the unique country in the world that came into being through a democratic process. Similarly, the first Prime Minister of India, the late Jawahar Lal Nehru, while supporting democracy had once said "Democracy is good. I say this because other systems are worse". In the end it would be appropriate to quote Mr. Alfred E. Smith, who had rightly emphasised that “All the ills of democracy can be cured by more democracy”. How true are these pearls of wisdom, which I wholeheartedly appreciate. Senator Iqbal Haider is a Senior Advocate Supreme Court, Former Attorney General & Federal Minister for Law, Justice, Parliamentary Affairs & Human Rights in Pakistan

multiple multilateralisms

AM11

2011 acuns annual meeting waterloo, canada 2-4 June, 2011

w w w. a c u n s. o rg

Wilfrid laurier university • host institution of acuns secretariat • waterloo, ontario, canada

CALL FOR PAPERS: WORKSHOP PANELS Multilateralism exists in many forms – with varying global or regional institutional architectures, rules and regulations, reflecting and implementing a set of norms that claim to represent universal values or else more particular values that are said to be somehow “better” than others. The actors in this complex web include global and regional international/ inter-state organizations, national governments operating in informal coalitions or as individual states, private businesses, non-governmental organizations and even individuals acting in their own capacity and with varying resources and degrees of influence. The processes by and through which these actors engage with each other, and in turn help to shape the new contours of these “multiple multilateralisms”, likewise can be varied over time and depending on context. Where the United Nations fits within or relates to these current or newly-emerging forms of multilateralism, what they mean in practice for the role(s) and influence of the UN today and in the future regarding challenges to peace and security, development, climate change and environmental governance, global economic and financial affairs, human rights and other

The Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS) now is accepting workshop paper and panel proposals for presentation at its twenty-fourth Annual Meeting, to be held in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2-4 June 2011.

issues will be some of the questions to be explored at the

Proposals will be reviewed and accepted or rejected (and applicants notified accordingly by email) on a first-come basis until such time as all workshop panel slots are filled; a waiting list then will be established if required.

2011 Annual Meeting.

Proposals on the general Annual Meeting theme of “Multiple Multilateralisms”, the topics highlighted in the four Plenary sessions and in the introductory note, in addition to other topics relating to the UN system and/or to the broader mandate of the Council, will be considered. To submit a proposal for presentation, please send: a brief abstract (250 words) and full contact information, including professional affiliation, to the ACUNS Secretariat. Interested participants who wish to propose roundtables and full panels may do so by submitting a panel/roundtable description; abstracts for individual contributions; and full contact information for all participants. Submission via email attachment is preferred, ATTN: Brenda Burns, at bburns@wlu.ca. Current ACUNS members in good standing will be given priority consideration for their proposals, but non-members also are welcome to submit proposals.

MAIN EVENT LOCATIONS: Wilfrid Laurier University | The Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)

Visit www.acuns.org to register. Please note: Anyone who will be presenting as part of a workshop panel must be registered (and must have paid as appropriate) in advance for the Annual Meeting. This requirement includes all persons taking part in a full panel team proposal.

Annual Meeting Par tners & Sponsors

call for ACUNS secretariat host A NE W for the period 1 july, 2013 to 30 June, 2018

The Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS) is pleased to announce the competition to host the ACUNS Secretariat headquarters for the period 1 July, 2013 to 30 June, 2018. Since 2003, the Secretariat has been located at Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. As is customary, the headquarters location is chosen on a five-year cycle.

According to the By-Laws, the headquarters office shall be established (by a vote of the Board of Directors) at a non-profit institution that is (or will become) a member of ACUNS and which offers to provide the necessary accommodations and other arrangements for the Secretariat. ACUNS shall operate as a special project within that institution and shall for legal and financial purposes be deemed a part of the host institution. The Executive Director shall be an employee and member of the faculty or research staff of the host institution, and shall be responsible for the operation of the headquarters office in accordance with the approval of the Board of Directors. In its present and past headquarters, the host institution has contributed to some portion of the secretariat’s operations

For any further information, please contact Dr. Alistair Edgar, Executive Director of the Academic Council on the United Nations System:

ACUNS was established in 1987. Its by-laws describe ACUNS as “an international association of scholars, teachers, practitioners, and others who are active in the work and study of international organizations.” They share a “professional interest in encouraging and supporting education and research which deepen and broaden our understanding of international cooperation.” ACUNS maintains a close working relationship with the secretariat of the UN, and with UN agencies and programs, as well as with other intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations. The award- winning journal Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations is published quarterly with the support of the Korbel School at the University of Denver, where the main editorial offices currently are located. All ACUNS paying members receive a subscription to this innovative, refereed journal as part of their membership fees. The Council also maintains contacts and builds new relationships with its institutional and individual members around the world through the Annual Meeting, Summer Workshop, the quarterly newsletter, monthly e-update, other publications and programs or activities, and the ACUNS website.

The Council’s ongoing core programs include the Annual Meeting, the Summer Workshop organized in collaboration with the American Society of International Law, and the dissertation award. The full program range is designed to help promote new research and develop new teaching materials, to encourage emerging specialists, and to create stronger ties between officers in international organizations, scholars in colleges and universities, and other practitioners in nongovernmental bodies. At present there are over 500 individual and 50 institutional members from approximately 60 countries worldwide. through course relief to the executive director, provision of support staff, facilities and equipment, or other forms of financial and/or in-kind support. Additional information about ACUNS and its programs can be found on the public website at www.acuns.org

Letters of interest or intent from potential host institutions are welcome at their earliest convenience, and the deadline for receipt of full formal applications is Friday, 4 November, 2011. The final decision will be announced by the ACUNS Board of Directors in June 2012 on the basis of recommendations by an independent search committee. It is anticipated that the new Executive Director and staff would be able to begin to work with the current Secretariat staff beginning 1 July, 2012. Dr. Alistair Edgar, Executive Director, ACUNS Wilfrid Laurier University • Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5 Canada Tel: (519) 884.0710 ext. 2728 • Fax: (519) 884.5097 E-mail: aedgar@wlu.ca

The Academic Council on the United Nations System is pleased to announce the winner of the The ACUNS Dissertation Award,

2011 Dissertation Award

in the amount of $1000 US,

herman salton

is intended to distinguish the

University of Auckland

selected recipient as one who

for his dissertation entitled,

"Dangerous Diplomacy: Anatomy of the UN Failure in Rwanda" Congratulations, Mr. Salton!

combines both innovation and excellence in his/her work.

Benefits for members: • subscription and electronic access to the quarterly journal, Global Governance and ACUNS’ quarterly newsletter

New Individual Members

Amb. Dr. Ban Siong Ang Ali Bostakian Neil Craik Dimitri della Faille Tracy Dexter Juan Giráldez Navajas Ikuyo Hasuo

Ki-Joon Hong Katja Kurz Irmgard Marboe Young-Dahl Oh Simona Opriessnig Melanie A Ramjoue Silvia Scarpa

Olaf-Michael Stefanov Nanette A Svenson Sofia Tekidou Kazuto Tsuruga Mahmoud Sharei Shuxiu Zhang

New Institutional Members

Asia-Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect, University of Queensland FIM - Forum for Democratic Global Governance Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in New York UN Studies Association

• access to official UN system meetings and library collections thanks to our Category 1 consultative status with ECOSOC

• access to our global network through our liaison offices in Delhi, Geneva, New York, and Vienna

• opportunities to participate in ACUNS events that address pressing global issues by putting researchers in conversation with practitioners PLUS Institutional Members can designate up to four representatives who will each receive the same benefits plus the opportunity to profile new programs or projects on the ACUNS website.

Renew your membership or become a member online at

www.acuns.org 9

A c a d e m i c C o u n c i l o n t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s S ys t e m

Africa and the Deep Seabed Regime: Politics and International Law of the Common Heritage of Mankind

Development Dialogue, Crimes Against Humanity

Edwin Egede

‘The United Nations was not created in order to bring us to heaven, but in order to save us from hell.’ These words of the second Secretary-General of the United Nations, Dag Hammarskjöld, remain as valid today as they were half a century ago, shortly before his death in a plane crash in then Northern Rhodesia.

Published by Springer, 2011 ISBN 978-3-642-17661-6 This book fills a gap in the existing literature by exploring the role of African states in the development of the regime of the deep seabed national jurisdiction (“the Area”) and the concept of the Common Heritage of Mankind (CHM), a relatively novel concept in international law and politics. In so doing, it places the African states’ contributions to the evolution and development of the Area and CHM in the context of vital historical, social, political and economic factors influencing African states’ attitudes to the regime and concept. Further, the book draws linkages between international law norms developed in respect of the regime and development/geopolitical issues. It shows that for African states the regime was not just about the construction of legal rules, but also provided an avenue to attempt to resolve outstanding north/south issues related to economic and social development.

Building Global Democracy? Civil Society and Accountable Global Governance Jan Aart Scholte (Editor)

Published by: Cambridge University Press, April 2011 ISBN: 9780521140553 The scale, effectiveness and legitimacy of global governance lag far behind the world's needs. This path-breaking book examines how far civil society involvement provides an answer to these problems. Does civil society make global governance more democratic? Have citizen action groups raised the accountability of global bodies that deal with challenges such as climate change, financial crises, conflict, disease and inequality? What circumstances have promoted (or blocked) civil society efforts to make global governance institutions more democratically accountable? What could improve these outcomes in the future? The authors base their argument on studies of thirteen global institutions, including the UN, G8, WTO, ICANN and IMF. Specialists from around the world critically assess what has and has not worked in efforts to make global bodies answer to publics as well as states. Combining intellectual depth and political relevance, Building Global Democracy? will appeal to students, researchers, activists and policymakers.

The Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation No. 55, March 2011

This issue of Development Dialogue is concerned with the continuing efforts to create normative global frameworks and implement them even-handedly. Following earlier volumes (nos. 50 and 53) it is the third in a series dealing with the challenges of how to take appropriate action in the face of genocide, mass violence and crimes against humanity. At the same time, it explores the relevance of such norms established by the United Nations and their impact on the global order. Notions of responsibility, conscience and solidarity are among the values that guide the authors contributing to the volume. From various backgrounds they approach related matters of how to deal with the violation of fundamental rights and how best to protect people from forms of organised violence. They are all thereby seeking to contribute to the noble task of promoting and protecting human rights for all.

Empire of Humanity

A History of Humanitarianism Michael Barnett

Published by: Cornell University Press ISBN: 978-0-8014-4713-6 Empire of Humanity explores humanitarianism’s remarkable growth from its humble origins in the early nineteenth century to its current prominence in global life. In contrast to most contemporary accounts of humanitarianism that concentrate on the last two decades, Michael Barnett ties the past to the present, connecting the antislavery and missionary movements of the nineteenth century to today’s peacebuilding missions; the Cold War interventions in places like Biafra and Cambodia to post–Cold War humanitarian operations in regions such as the Great Lakes of Africa and the Balkans; and the creation of the International Committee of the Red Cross in 1863 to the emergence of the major international humanitarian organizations of the twentieth century. Based on extensive archival work, close encounters with many of today’s leading international agencies, and interviews with dozens of aid workers in the field and at headquarters, Empire of Humanity provides a history that is both global and intimate. Although many use humanitarianism as a symbol of moral progress, Barnett provocatively argues that humanitarianism has undergone its most impressive gains after moments of radical inhumanity, when the "international community” believes that it must atone for its sins and reduce the breach between what we do and who we think we are.

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NEW! UNITAR launches Conference Manual for UN Delegates (details on back page)

The Responsibility to Protect

Governing Disorder

Series: Global Politics and the Responsibility to Protect

UN Peace Operations, International Security, and Democratization in the Post–Cold War Era

Ramesh Thakur

Laura Zanotti

Published by Routledge, 2010 ISBN: 978-0-415-78169-5

Penn State University Press, 2011 ISBN: 978-0-271-03761-5

This volume is a collection of the key writings of Professor Ramesh Thakur on norms and laws regulating the international use of force.

The end of the Cold War created an opportunity for the United Nations to reconceptualize the rationale and extent of its peacebuilding efforts, and in the 1990s, democracy and good governance became legitimizing concepts for an expansion of UN activities. The United Nations sought not only to democratize disorderly states but also to take responsibility for protecting people around the world from a range of dangers, including poverty, disease, natural disasters, and gross violations of human rights. National sovereignty came to be considered less an entitlement enforced by international law than a privilege based on states’ satisfactory performance of their perceived obligations. In Governing Disorder, Laura Zanotti combines her firsthand experience of UN peacebuilding operations with the insights of Michel Foucault to examine the genealogy of post–Cold War discourses promoting international security. Zanotti also maps the changes in legitimizing principles for intervention, explores the specific techniques of governance deployed in UN operations, and identifies the forms of resistance these operations encounter from local populations and the (often unintended) political consequences they produce. Case studies of UN interventions in Haiti and Croatia allow her to highlight the dynamics at play in the interactions between local societies and international peacekeepers.

Norms, Laws and the Use of Force in International Politics

The adoption of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) principle by world leaders assembled at the UN summit in 2005 is widely acknowledged to represent one of the great normative advances in international politics since 1945. The author has been involved in this shift from the dominant norm of non-intervention to R2P as an actor, public intellectual and academic and has been a key thinker in this process. These essays represent the author's writings on R2P, including reference to test cases as they arose, such as with Cyclone Nargis in Myanmar in 2008. Comprising essays by a key thinker and agent in the Responsibility to Protect debates, this book will be of much interest to students of international politics, human rights, international law, war and conflict studies, international security and IR in general.

Sustainable Fisheries: Multi-Level Approaches to a Global Problem William W. Taylor, Abigail J. Lynch, and Michael G. Schechter (Eds.)

Published by the American Fisheries Society, 2011 ISBN: 978-1-934874-21-9 This book presents multi-level approaches to the problem of unsustainable fisheries and provides potential solutions to address it. It discusses the importance of fisheries from a global perspective, describes current fisheries failings, and provides recommendations for more sustainable practices (e.g., food and livelihood security, interdisciplinary approaches, ecosystem-based and community-based management, governance reforms, reduced capacity, and accountability). The book underscores the urgency of the sustainable fisheries issue, highlights inadequacies of current institutional mechanisms to deal with this global concern, and identifies areas for change. Of interest to anyone concerned about ways to address the challenge of fisheries sustainability, this book should be of particular note to fisheries scientists, policy makers, and managers who are vested in governance of our world’s fisheries resources. This policy-oriented book is aimed at providing the intellectual foundation for those calling for the convening of a Global Conference on Sustainable Fisheries.

Women and War

Power and Protection in the 21st Century Kathleen Kuehnast, Chantal de Jonge Oudraat, Helga Hernes (Eds.)

Published by: U.S. Institute of Peace Press, 2011 ISBN: 978-1-60127-064-1 In consideration of UN Resolution 1325 (which called for women’s equal participation in promoting peace and security and for greater efforts to protect women exposed to violence during and after conflict), this volume takes stock of the current state of knowledge on women, peace and security issues, including efforts to increase women’s participation in post-conflict reconstruction strategies and their protection from wartime sexual violence.

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Special Member Publication

THE ACADEMIC COUNCIL ON THE UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM

UNITAR launches Conference Manual for UN Delegates by author Ronald A. Walker

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The Manual is written from the perspective of practitioners and draws on the experience of conference diplomats from many nations, both developed and developing. It describes the most important and common rules in conferences and explains them with examples of particular cases. The readers get to know the processes whereby delegations and individual delegates organize their work and advance their objectives. They are introduced to widely used strategies and tactics and are given tips as to practices which have proved effective over the years. The book also draws attention to the particular challenges faced by smaller delegations and makes suggestions as to how these can nevertheless operate effectively. The “Manual for UN Delegates” was written by Ronald A. Walker, a former Australian diplomat and Permanent Representative to the United Nations in Geneva and in Vienna. As a senior international consultant to UNITAR, he has developed and delivered online and face-to-face courses on conference diplomacy for several governments and diplomatic academies worldwide. This newest publication complements other activities of UNITAR’s Multilateral Diplomacy Programme (MDP), especially their workshops and online courses on Conference Diplomacy. Those courses are credited with having immediate as well as long term benefits for individual delegates, for the governments they serve and for the conferences they attend. The Manual is available from the UN bookshops in New York and Geneva or online at: https://unp.un.org/Details.aspx?pid=21169 (United Nations Publications Website).

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MISC-0341-May 6 ACUNS Newsletter #2/2011

Newcomers to conference diplomacy often find the environment of multilateral conferences confusing and the learning curve very steep. UNITAR’s newest and highly awaited publication, the “Manual for UN Delegates – Conference Process, Procedure and Negotiation” will help them to overcome those obstacles, familiarize themselves with conference processes and procedures and become effective more quickly. But this manual will not only be a valuable tool for beginners in multilateral diplomacy, it will also serve as a very useful reference work for more experienced conference delegates. This book will deepen their understanding of both the rules and the dynamics of conferences and help them take their skills to a higher level. Also those who give instructions to conference delegates or are affected by conference outcomes can find support here to understand how conferences reach their outcomes.