Architectural Ecologies 4: Environment Performance
Environmnetal analysis report: Avondale Racecourse
Report by Sheldon Williams & Sivan Danin Huri te Ao, School of Future Environments Auckland University of Technology
1
This environmental analysis report articulates findings from the Avondale Race course, which is a large greenfield site in Avondale, Auckland.
Contents:
All diagrams and drawings have been produced by Sheldon Williams or Sivan Danin unless stated otherwise.
2. Wind studies ............................................................................................................... p.06
Site Location: Avondale Racecourse , Auckland Site Size: 180,0000sqm Proposed site use: Urban mixed use Main site challenges: Geotechnical, environemtal, socio-ecological, economic. Orintation: North West
4. Biodiverity analysis ..................................................................................................... p.10
1. Solar Radiation Studies ................................................................................................. p.04
3. Air & Climate ............................................................................................................... p.08
5. Hydrology analysis .....................................................................................................
p.12
6. Geotechnical analysis .................................................................................................. p.14 7. Transportation & Circulation ......................................................................................... p.16 Summary of Report ......................................................................................................... p.18 References ..................................................................................................................... p.20
Report by Sheldon Williams & Sivan Danin Huri te Ao, School of Future Environments Auckland University of Technology
2
3
N
12:00pm Spring 12:00pm Autumn
17:12pm
7:33am
12:00pm 6:11am Spring
18:17pm Spring 19.32pm Autumn
12:00PM
9:00AM
E
W
Notes: Figure 1: diagram data has been refereced from Suncalc, 2022.
7:24am Autumn
AUTUMN + SPRING EQUINOX
Spring Equinox
Summer Solstice, December 22
S
10
09
08
12
13
11
10
09
Dawn: 07:03:09 07 Sunrise: 07:28:43 E Culmination: 13:27:03
08 09 08
06
Sunset: 19:24:47 Dusk: 19:50:18 Daylight duration: 11h56m4s 05 Altitude: 45.88° Azimuth: 32.94° Shadow length [m]: 0.97s
Autumn Equinox
Dawn: 05:45:43 Sunrise: 06:11:15 17:12pm Culmination: 12:14:07 Sunset: 18:17:35 Dusk: 18:43:10 Daylight duration: 12h6m20s Altitude: 52.52° W Azimuth: 6.64° Shadow length [m]: 0.77s
Dawn: 07:03:09 Sunrise: 07:28:43 Culmination: 13:27:03 Sunset: 19:24:47 Dusk: 19:50:18 Daylight duration: 11h56m4s Altitude: 45.88° Azimuth: 32.94° Shadow length [m]: 0.97s
11
12
11
14
15
W
17
15
7:33am
12
13
14
13
12
16
18
80°
17
70°
18
60° 50°
19
E
40° 30°
NORTH WEST FACE
20°
20°
10°
10°
S
Daylight duration: 12h6m20s Altitude: 52.52° Azimuth: 6.64° Shadow length [m]: 0.77s S
Solstice, June 21 12 11 13 10 14Winter 09
15
14
15
16
7:33am 15 16 17
W
15 16
18
17
E 18
19
Autumn Equinox Dawn: 07:03:09 Sunrise: 07:28:43 Culmination: 13:27:03 Sunset: 19:24:47 Dusk: 19:50:18
13
12
11
10
08
09
16
11
10
15
14
13
12
11
10
13
12
11
10
9:00AM
16
08 07:05:04 MIXED USE ROADS 07 Sunrise: E 0907:33:44 08 Culmination: 12:22:56 06 07 GREEN/BLUE PATHS Sunset: 17:12:08
17
W
15
Dusk: 17:40:48 06 Daylight duration: 9h38m24s NEW 05LYNN - AVONDALE Altitude: 29.41° Azimuth: 6.57° PATH Shadow lengthTE [m]:WHAU 1.77 NORTH EAST FACE
18
19
SIGNIFICANT VIEWS RAIL LINE
TE
BUS ROUTE
08
12:00PM
08
10
H AS
09
10
07
09
3:00PM
ET
08
11
RE ST
6:00PM
E
08
16
18
Daylight duration: 11h56m4s Altitude: 45.88° BUS STOP Azimuth: 32.94° Shadow length [m]: 0.97s
11
12
13
14
09 09
07 12
13
14
15
09
11Dawn: 10
S
14
17
80° 70°
06
07
AVONDALE STATION
06
60° 50°
05
40° 30°
SOUTH WEST FACE
AVONDALE RACE COURSE
20° 10° S
9:00AM
12:00PM
3:00PM
WA ITA Shadowpath diagrams generated in Revit HU RAN GI ( POR TAG E) N N N
N
N
6:00PM
50°
AVONDALE MARKET
08 07
07
E
H RT
06
NO
06
ST WE
W
COMMUNITY BUSINESSES
HEALTHCARE
T ES
HW
Daylight duration: 9h38m24s Altitude: 29.41° Azimuth: 6.57° Shadow length [m]: 1.77
18
16
1214
13 15
17
1311
12 10
80°
80° 07
70°
70°
60°
60°
60°
50°
50°
50°
40°
40°
A40° IW
19
T AS
NORTH WEST
09 08
08
09 08
08 07
07 11 10 09 09 08 08 11 10 07 0907 09 E 08 08 06 07
07 06
06
05
16 16
N
N
15
1513 16
16 14
13 15
14 16
12 15 14 12 14
16
N
T
07
E
06
W17
E W 06
18
18
18
05
19
19
1214
13 11 15
12 14 10
18
1311
09 08 09 08
08
19
70°
70°
60°
60°
60°
50°
50°
50°
40°
40°
40°
30°
30°
30°
20°
10°
10°
10°
10°
10°
S
S
S
S
FACE NORTH WEST FACE NORTH WEST NORTH FACE WEST
NORTH EAST
Stereographic diagram of sunlight hours in all faces of the site (NIWA, 2020)
06
06
15
16
08 07
07
12 10
70°
20°
S
09 10
13 15
14 16
15
16
1513 16
16 14
13 11 14
12 15 14 12 14
16
12 13 10
11 12 09
10 11 08
09 10
13 12 13 11 12 10 11 10 11 14 10 09 15 09 08
07
11 14 10 09 09 AD 15 09 16 RO 16 08 16 08 12 12 08 13 12 H 13 11 11 13 11 T 14 10 14 10 17 14 17 R 07 E 07 15 1510 0907 15 W 09 E NO 09 08 16 T 08 16 08 16 A E 18 18 06 06 06 07GR 80° 07 80° 17 1780° 07 17 13 15
20°
AT
10 11 08
13 12 13 11 12 10 11 10 11 14 10 09 15 09 08
20°
I NU
11 12 09
07
06
05
15
12 13 10
30°
AO EW
T
09 10
13 11 14
30°IR
20°
N
12 14 10
70°
HE
UT
13 11 15
1780° 18
10 11 08
13 12 13 11 12 10 11 10 11 14 10 09 15 09 08
09 16 16 12 13 12 08 13 12 11 13 14 11 10 14 14 17 10 15 15 09 16 16 08
18
19
12 14
30°
SITE SO
19
17 15
16
18
180,0000sqm SOUTH EAST
W 18 17
18
PUBLIC BUILDING
05
14
16 W17
13 15
14 16
15
12 15 14
1513 16
16 14
15
16
EDUCATION FACILITIES
UT
Winter Soltice 20° Dawn: 07:05:04 Sunrise: 07:33:44 10° Culmination: 12:22:56 S Sunset: 17:12:08 Dusk: 17:40:48
15
16
11 12 09
14
15 16 E
W17
W
W 18 17
18
06
17 15
16
18
18
13 15
1214
13 11 15
12 14 10
1311
12 10
09 16 16 12 13 12 08 13 12 11 13 14 11 10 14 14 17 10 15 15 09 16 16 08 17
18
1780° 18
70° 60°
80°
80° 07
70°
70°
60°
60°
09 08
08
09 08
08 07
07 11 10 09 09 08 08 11 10 07 0907 09 E 08 08 06 07
07 06
06
14
15
16
14
15
16
13
12
11
10
13
12
11
10
16 07
E
06
17
E W 06
15
14
13
12 12
17
06
18
80° 70° 60°
50° 40°
30°
30°
30°
20°
20°
20°
20°
20°
10°
10°
10°
10°
10°
S
19
NORTH EAST FACEEAST FACE NORTH NORTH EAST FACE
100m
200m
SOUTH WEST 300m
19
400m S
S
S 500m
05
08
09
08
05
05
19
11 11
10
09 08
10
07
09
E
08
16
18
40°
19
NORTH WEST FAC
07 14
15
13
50°
05
09
07
40°
05
E
N
50°
05
08
10°
WIN 12 13 10
09
20°
EE
13 11 14
10
12
S
N
R ST TE GA
11
March 21st: 2.34 Cumulative kWh/m2 per 11 hour 10 14 15 09 16 08 Daylight hours 11 = 25.74 07 12 13 11 hour 14 June 21st: 2.62 Cumulative kWh/m2 per 10 15 09 08 12 Daylight hours 10 = 26.216 13 11 14 10 17 07 15 W 09 August 21st: 2.59 Cumulative kWh/m2 per hour08 16 18 06 07 80° 17 Daylight hours 12 =31.08 70° 18 September 21st: 3.12 Cumulative kWh/m2 per hour, 06 60° Daylight hours 13 19= 40:56 50° 05 40° December 21st: 3.43 Cumulative kWh/m2 per hour 30° Daylight hours 14 = 48.02 kWh/m2 per day. 13
15
16
08
08
SO
S
09
07 ARTERIAL Winter Solstice, June 21 ROAD
10
09 Dawn: 07:05:04 Sunrise: 07:33:44 12 13 11 Culmination: 12:22:56 14 10 09 Sunset: 17:12:08 08 12 13 11 10 14 Dusk: 17:40:48 09 08 Daylight duration: 9h38m24s 07 Altitude: 80° 29.41° Azimuth: 70° 6.57° 60° Shadow length [m]: 1.77
30°
WINTER SOLTICE, JUNE 22
10
12
13
14
15
16
PUBLIC PARKS
40°
4
12
13
ST EA
7:24am Autumn
S
13
16
06
07
14
15
16
Autumn Equinox 07
14
15
16
H RT
6:11am Spring
Shadow length [m]: 0.41
N 08
09
NO
12:00pm Spring 12:00pm Autumn
Altitude: 67.92°
10
HI
TE A
BLUE/GREEN ZONE
16
7pm Spring Azimuth: 58.18° 2pm Autumn
11
N
N
Dawn: 05:27:46 Sunrise: 05:58:14 Culmination: 13:19:33 Sunset: 20:40:51 Dusk: 21:11:19 Daylight duration: 14h42m37s
11
12
Spring Equinox Dawn: 05:45:43 Sunrise: 06:11:15 Culmination: 12:14:07 Sunset: 18:17:35 Dusk: 18:43:10 N
5:58am
S
12
13
N
RO AD
6:11am Spring
13
70° Dusk: 18:43:10 60° Daylight duration: 12h6m20s 50° Altitude: 52.52° W 40° Azimuth: 6.64° 30° [m]: 0.77s Shadow length
19
S
Below states the cumulative kWh/m2N of typical solar panels in New Zealand. Data drawn in these calculations are site specific and have been generated using NIWA’s (2022) solarRA TAU AKA R view calculation tool: -A -KĀ
OAD
BLOCK HOUSE ROAD
20:40pm
17
N
S
Dawn: 05:45:43 12 13 11 14 10 15Sunrise: 06:11:15 16 17:12pm Culmination: 12:14:07 80° Sunset: 18:17:35
18
Altitude: 67.92° Azimuth: 58.18° Shadow length [m]: 0.41
N
ND R
DE S
18:17pm Spring 19.32pm Autumn
E
W
18
EBA
JU
17
Sunset: 20:40:51 Dusk: 21:11:19 Daylight duration: 14h42m37s 12:00pm
14
15
12:00pm Spring W 12:00pm Autumn
Daylight duration: 14h42m37s Altitude: 67.92° Azimuth: 58.18° Shadow length [m]: 0.41
Spring Equinox 16
ROS
ST
Dawn: 05:27:46 Sunrise: 05:58:14 Culmination: 13:19:33
14
15
16
Summer Solstice, December 22
14
15
16
AD RO
NE
N
Photo voltaic panel tilt angle in Auckland: Latitude: 36 ° 50’, Summer ange: 27 °, Winter angle 52 ° (level, 2020).
IL LI
N
6:00PM
WES T RA
SUMMER SOLSTICE, DECEMBERS 22
RIV
AUTUMN/SPRING EQUINOX
Figure 2: Shadow path diagrams have been generated using Sun path data from NIWA, 2020.
E AL SD
ER
Summer Soltice Dawn: 05:27:46 Sunrise: 05:58:14 Culmination: 13:19:33 Sunset: 20:40:51 Dusk: 21:11:19
5:58am
WINTER SOLSTICE
20:40pm
3:00PM
7:24am Autumn
H ROAD
E
W
The Avevage sunlight hours in Auckland are 2060 hours annually, making this North west facing site a catalyst for large scale solar generation capacity (NIWA, 2022). An ideal solution for this would be solar panels which which convert sunlight into electrical energy either through photovoltaic (PV) panels.
GREAT NORT
This section of the report examines solar geometry in relation to the Avondale Racecourse site, Avondale Auckland. The studies document Sun paths, potential shadows of neighbouring buildings (using BIM to anaylise and visualise) and calculates daylight/sunlight hours for each boundry of the site.
1.2 SOLAR ENERGY GENERATION
N
N
SUMMER SOLSTICE
1.1 SOLAR STUDIES
50°
06
07 06
05
40° FACE SOUTH WEST FACE SOUTH WEST SOUTH FACE WEST
600m
SOUTH EAST
30°
SOUTH EAST
S
5
WIND ENERGY GENERATION POTENTIAL
Wind rose map 1:5000 @A3 100m
AL SD
ROS
EBA
R
E RIV
OAD
A -A-R I-KĀ
H
TE A
T
ARTERIAL ROAD
E RE
H AS
RAIL LINE
5°
20%
ST
Day time average temperarture Avondale Notes: Night time average temperarture avondale
25°
WA ITA
TE GA
BLOCK HOUSE ROAD
ORT AGE )
BLUE/GREEN ZONE
T
EE
R ST
WIN
PUBLIC PARKS
20°
Prevailing south-westerly winds with 94 days of recorded wind, 40 of which are between 11 and 16 knots (Teara 2022). Avondale Racecoruse site experiences 47.5 calm days per calender year (Teara 2022).
15°
AVONDALE MARKET
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DE
Average cloud percentage Avondale Average humidity percentage Avondale
100%
80%
60%
WIND ROSE LEGEND
EDUCATION FACILITIES TH OR
AD RO
10°
TN EA
COMMUNITY BUSINESSES
A W
RI
SITE
I
AO EW
NU
I AT
5°
11-16 Knots
T
N
20%
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
6.5m
100m
200m
300m
400m
20.5m
40%
17-21 Knots
WES T RA
HEALTHCARE
Frequency, circle represents one day < 21 Knots
IL LI NE
GR
PUBLIC BUILDING
6
40%
Average day and night time temperatures Avondale (NIWA, 2022).
JU
GREAT NORT
AVONDALE RACE COURSE
SIGNIFICANT VIEWS
I (P
10°
The potential passive heating and cooling systems of the site can be determined through orientation of buildings, in conjunction with strategic placement of windows and ventilation openings, to harness the natural sunlight to warm the building, while using windows and ventilation openings to cool the building when desired.
DE S
TE WHAU PATH
BUS ROUTE
60%
Considering the potential power output aswell as the fact that wind turbines are extremely loud and disruptive, we conclude that within the urban setting of the site, using solar technologies to generate energy is much more efficient.
RO AD
H ROAD
NEW LYNN - AVONDALE
NG
80%
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
AVONDALE STATION
HU RA
20°
days. From which the potential power generated by a typical wind turbine with a rotar diameter of 125 metres would produce a total of 3446KW annually, the average home in Aotearoa uses roughly 7000KW annualy.
ST
GREEN/BLUE PATHS
BUS STOP
100%
15°
ND R
A AUR KAT
MIXED USE ROADS
25°
D OA
ER
TE
Looking at the prevailing Average cloud percentage Avondale South-Westerly winds of the site, Average humidity percentage we can determine an Avondale average windspeed of 15 Knots over 90
Day time average temperarture Avondale Night time average temperarture avondale
500m
600m
1-10 Knots
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Average Cloud and humidity percentages Avondale (NIWA, 2022).
7
Cold
35°C
8.3
Mar
19
Apr
17°C
May
May
Jun Jan Jul Feb Aug Mar Sep Apr Oct May Nov Jun Dec Jul
Jun Jan Jul Feb Aug Mar Sep Apr Oct May Nov Jun Dec Jul Annual Aug
90.0
120.0
150.0
180.0
210.0
240.0
270.0
300.0
15°C
31 May 16°C
57.1
16°C 10°C
Oct Average site temperatures101.3 (NIWA, 2022). Nov
51.8
Dec
Dec
15.8
0.0 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 150.0 180.0 210.0 240.0 270.0 Celsius-based 5-year-average (2017 to 2021) cooling degree days with a base temperature of 24 C
300.0
Annual
Celsius based 5 year average heating degree days with a base temperature of 18 C
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
100%
Mar
0.8
Apr
0
70%
May
MayComfortable
0
60%
Jun Jan
Jun Jan Jul Feb
Oct May Nov Jun
Nov Jun Dec Jul Aug 0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
Sep Celsius based 5 year average cooling degree days with a base temperature of 24 C
Muggy
Dec Jul Annual Aug Jan
Feb
Mar
1.2 0 9.9 0 Apr
Nov
Nov
0
Dec
Dec
1.2
Annual
9.9
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
50% 40%
4.5
5.0
BUS ROUTE
NG
I (P
ORT AGE )
Greenhouse gas emissions by sector and gas (Stats NZ, T
EE
R ST TE GA
Agriculture -
Carbon dioxide
WIN
Methane
H RT
O TN EA
Energy -
COMMUNITY BUSINESSES
Nitrous Oxdie
AD RO
Fluorinated gasses
GR
PUBLIC BUILDING HEALTHCARE A W
RI
SITE
I
AO EW
Indicative diagram of pollution sources in relation to the site.
NU
I AT
Industrial -
T
N
100m
Scale of source & intensity of pollution
200m
300m
400m
Land use -
30% 20% 11 Dec 4%
25 Aug 0%
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep 0 Percentage based annual humidity comfortability, (NIWA, 2022).
Oct
1.0
Dry
00 27 Mar 0 0
0
0.5
80%
0.80 00
Oct
0.0
90%
3.80 4.10
4%
HU RA
EDUCATION FACILITIES
4.1
Oct May
WA ITA
AVONDALE MARKET
Feb
2 Feb 14%
TE
BUS STOP
PUBLIC PARKS
Feb
Sep Apr
Pollution caused by motor vehicles is another huge culprit for Co2 and P10 particles (Stats NZ, 2019). The graph below shows the main sources of pollution in New Zealand.
AVONDALE RACE COURSE
BLUE/GREEN ZONE
1081.0
Humid
TE WHAU PATH
RAIL LINE
3.8
Aug Mar Sep Apr
NEW LYNN - AVONDALE
-5°C
Jan
Aug Mar
R ST
GREEN/BLUE PATHS
SIGNIFICANT VIEWS
Jan
Jul Feb
H AS
MIXED USE ROADS
0°C
Dec
Muggy
Mar Celsius-based 5-year-average (2017 to 2021) cooling degree days with a base temperature of 24 C Apr
T
EE
-20°C
Oct Nov
5°C
-15°C
Sep Jan
146.4 Apr
10°C
8°C
-10°C
Sep
Mar
15°C 10°C
119.5 169.7 10.4 200.9 8.3 180.8 19 146.4 57.1 101.3 119.5 51.8 169.7 15.8 200.9 1081.0 180.8
Feb
22 Dec 16°C
15 Jul 14°C
ARTERIAL ROAD
IL
Feb
22 Dec 25°C 21°C 20°C
WES T RA
Feb Mar Celsius-based 5-year-average (2017 to 2021) heating degree days with a base temperature of 18 C Apr
8
22 Mar 21°C 10.4
D
The Avondale Racecourse has multiple pollution sources including transportation, light industry, commercial activity and residential housing pullulation caused by building services. In the Auckland region the main causes of pollution in winter are domestic fires, which emit 11 tonnes fine particles into the air a day (Auckland Council, 2019).
30°C
Jan
ROA
In general Auckland’s air quality index indicates low levels of pollution (Plume Labs, 2022). Local air and noise pollution do exist and can affect the environment.
40°C
06 Feb 23°C
AND
H ROAD
Warm
Jan
60.0
SEB
R
Celsius-based 5-year-average (2017 to 2021) heating degree days with a base temperature of 18 C
30.0
AIRRO& NOISE POLLUTION
R IVE
This section of the report researches air quality and climatic conditionx of the Avondale Racecourse site.
Aug 0.0
D OA
ER
AL SD
GREAT NORT
AIR & CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
10%
Waste -
0% -30 -20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
Carbon dioxide equivalent emissions (million tonnes)
9
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION
BIODIVERSITY ANALYSIS Ecologies map 1:8000 @A3 100m
AWA Planting
PT LOT 150 DP 17631 LOT 1 DP 570877 349
LOT 2 DP 570877 145
LOT 3 DP 570877 153
LOT 1 DP 570682 260 LOT 3 DP 570682 39
LOT 2 DP 570682 309
PUBLIC PARK PROPOSED SITE focus Species Strategy
AWA Planting
Through analysis of surrounding ecological sites, we are able to determine some of the existing Flora and Fauna of the area, which allows us to design an ecological restoration strategy that is consistant with current and historic ecosystems.
PUBLIC PARK PROPOSED SITE focus Species Strategy
LOT 1 DP 550399 LOT 2 DP 315490 LOT 1 DP 315490 LOT 1 DP 210578
AVONDALE RACECOURSE
LOT 3 DP 210578
LOT 2 DP 210578
AWA TE WHAU
LOT 1 DP 471511
29000000 square meters LOT 3 DP 520308 LOT 2 DP 520308 170 162
LOT 1 DP 562712 270
LOT 9 DP 562712 330
LOT 5 DP 520308 23 LOT 4 DP 520308 165
LOT 8 DP 562712 298
LOT 2 DP 562712 255
LOT 7 DP 562712 300
LOT 1 DP 520308 289
LOT 100 DP 562712 428 LOT 3 DP 562712 256
LOT 6 DP 562712 298
E AL SD
LOT 1 DP 126452
LOT 4 DP 562712 297
LOT 5 DP 562712 396
AD RO
ROS
EBA
ER
RIV
LOT 2 DP 514749 229 LOT 1 DP 514749 238
LOT 3 DP 514749 304
ND R
LOT 4 DP 514749 303
LOT 5 DP 514749 245
OAD
LOT 6 DP 514749 204
LOT 7 DP 514749 255 LOT 18 DP 514749 197 LOT 8 DP 514749 128
LOT 20 DP 514749 386
LOT 17 DP 514749 122
LOT 9 DP 514749 129 LOT 10 DP 514749 126 LOT 1 DP 204913
LOT 16 DP 514749 131 LOT 15 DP 514749 171
LOT 11 DP 514749 130 LOT 12 DP 514749 127
LOT 14 DP 514749 149
LOT 13 DP 514749 141
LOT 19 DP 514749 452
LOT 2 DP 204913 LOT 3 DP 204913
SECT 2 SO 331764
A AUR KAT
LOT 4 DP 204913
LOT 5 DP 204913 LOT 1 DP 205362
SECT 1 SO 331764
A -A-R I-KĀ
LOT 2 DP 205362
LOT 1 DP 415314
LOT 2 DP 415314
LOT 8 DP 415314
LOT 9 DP 415314
H
TE A
LOT 3 DP 415314
LOT 7 DP 415314
LOT 4 DP 415314
LOT 6 DP 415314
LOT 5 DP 415314
LOT 1 DP 492287
LOT 2 DP 492287 LOT 3 DP 492287
Fauna of focus
LOT 1 DP 205331
LOT 1 DP 560926 LOT 2 DP LOT560926 3 DP LOT560926 4 DP LOT560926 5 DP LOT560926 6 DP 560926 74 64 64 64 64 64 LOT 7 DP 560926 90
LOT 2 DP 205331 LOT 100 DP 560926 705
LOT 8 DP 560926 76
LOT 2 DP 110599
LOT 9 DP 560926 69
LOT 1 DP 110599
LOT 10 DP 560926 68 LOT 11 DP 560926 72 LOT 12 DP 560926 67 LOT 14 LOT DP 560926 15 DP 560926 LOT 16 DP 560926 93 69 120 LOT 13 DP 560926 147
Pukeko (native) Feral pigeon Nz kingfisher (native) Spur winged plover Rock pigeon Blackbird South island oystercatcher (native) Pied stilt Karoro/black backed gull (native) Long finned eel (native)
LOT 1 DP 561053
ARTERIAL ROAD
T
E RE
LOT 1 DP 545841 224
LOT 1 DP 188799 LOT 2 DP 188799
H AS
MIXED USE ROADS
ST
LOT 1 DP 553724 376
LOT 2 DP 545841 215
LOT 2 DP 553724 305
LOT 3 DP 545841 247
LOT 1 DP 108040 LOT 1 DP 132715
LOT 1 DP 174549
LOT 1 DP 400030
LOT 2 DP 400030
SECT 261 SO 434446
SECT 262 SO 434446
H ROAD
NEW LYNN - AVONDALE
LOT 1 DP 566021 363
LOT 2 DP 566021 312
LOT 1 DP 568058 345 LOT 2 DP 568058 211
LOT 3 DP 568058 190
LOT 4 DP 568058 168
LOT 5 DP 568058 173
BUS STOP
DE S
LOT 2 DP 561821 304
LOT 1 DP 561821 361
SECT 238 SO 434446
White faced heron Little black shag Piwakawaka (native) Leopard seal Paradise shelduck (native) Australian magpie Eastern rosella Australasian harrier Common bottlenose dolphin Tui (native) Hedgehog
LOT 1 DP 459842
AWA Planting
SECT 228 SO 434446
SECT 11 SO 516701
SECT 12 SO 441004
SECT 9 SO 503564
SECT 11 SO 441004
SECT 8 SO 503564
SECT 20 SO 503564
SECT 8 SO 441004
SECT 10 SO 516701
SECT 227 SO 434446
SECT 19 SO 503564 SECT 7 SO 441004
WA ITA
SECT 14 SO 503564 SECT 12 SO 503564
SECT 18 SO 503564
SECT 11 SO 503564 SECT 9 SO 516701
SECT 17 SO 503564
SECT 219 SO 434446
SECT 15 SO 503564 SECT 13 SO 503564
SECT 6 SO 441004
SECT 8 SO 516701 SECT 16 SO 503564 SECT 10 SO 503564
PUBLIC PARK PROPOSED SITE focus Species Strategy
SECT 4 SO 441004
SECT 7 SO 516701 SECT 2 SO 441004
AWA Planting
PUBLIC PARK PROPOSED SITE focus Species Strategy
SECT 6 SO 516701
NG
SECT 3 SO 441004
I (P
OAKLEY CREEK/HARBUTT RESERVE
SECT 1 SO 441004
SECT 214 SO 434446
ORT AGE )
LOT 1 DP 194513
T EE
LOT 2 DP 198712 LOT 11 DP 198712
LOT 1 DP 198712 LOT 3 DP 198712
LOT 4 DP 198712
TR ES
LOT 5 DP 198712
LOT 6 DP 198712
AT
LOT 7 DP 198712
G WIN
LOT 12 DP 198712 LOT 13 DP 198712 LOT 8 DP 198712
PUBLIC PARKS
LOT 9 DP 198712
LOT 10 DP 198712
LOT 4 DP 205935
LOT 6 DP 205935
LOT 3 DP 205935
LOT 5 DP 205935
LOT 2 DP 205935
LOT 1 DP 205935
SECT 2 SO 526568
SECT 21 SO 512442
500000 square meters
SECT 22 SO 512442 SECT 3 SO 526568 SECT 205 SO 434446 SECT 25 SO 512442
SECT 4 SO 526568
SECT 26 SO 512442 SECT 5 SO 526568
SECT 24 SO 512442
Existing Flora
SECT 27 SO 512442 SECT 203 SO 434446 SECT 29 SO 512442 SECT 28 SO 512442
SECT 32 SO 512442 SECT 31 SO 512442 SECT 34 SO 512442 SECT 33 SO 512442 SECT SO434446 512442 SECT 20135SO
SECT 18 SO 512442
SECT 36 SO 512442 SECT 37 SO 512442
SECT 38 SO 512442
SECT 43 SO 512442
SECT 23 SO 512442
LOT 1 DP 460156
TH OR
AD RO
N AT
COMMUNITY BUSINESSES PUBLIC BUILDING
IL LI
LOT 2 DP 200790
LOT 3 DP 200790
WES T RA
HEALTHCARE A W
RI
SITE
I
AO W TE
NU
I AT
Existing Fauna
NE
E GR
LOT 1 DP 200790
LOT 2 DP 477394 LOT 1 DP 205311
LOT 3 DP 205311
LOT 4 DP 205311 LOT 2 DP 205311
LOT 1 DP 477394
LOT 100 DP 559728 218 LOT 8 DP 559728 90 LOT 7 DP 559728 LOT 6 DP 559728 101 LOT 5 DP 559728 101 LOT 4 DP 559728 101 LOT 3 DP 559728 101 LOT 2 DP 559728 100 LOT 1 DP 559728 100 106
LOT 2 DP 113861
LOT 1 DP 113861
100m
200m 10,000 sqm
300m 100m
400m 200m
500m 300m
400m
600m 500m
Existing Flora
SECT 30 SO 512442 SECT642 LOT DPSO 148385 512442
LOT 1 DP 409836
EDUCATION FACILITIES
CHALMERS RESERVE
SECT 1 SO 526568 SECT 207 SO 434446
SECT 206 SO 434446
AVONDALE MARKET
10
Pukeko (native) Feral pigeon Mallard duck Tunneling mud crab Nz sea slater Nz kingfisher (native) Spur winged plover Rock pigeon Blackbird South island oystercatcher (native) Pied stilt Red billed gull
The planting strategy focuses on both the human and the more-than-human, Herbs and vegetables grown on the site become public places for connection through growing and eating together. The biodiversity focuses on a range of berries, flowers, seeds and fruit that attract and feed Fauna such as Keruru, Tui and Kaka. The range of small plants, shrubs and trees promotes a diversity of insects, birds, and bees to develop a flourishing and vibrant ecosystem.
SECT 234 SO 434446
SECT 21 SO 503564
BLUE/GREEN ZONE
N
Existing Fauna
Karamu (native) Rengarenga (native) Common daisy Palm grass Horseweeds Swan plant Queensland poplar Pine tree Honey locust Stinking mayweed Greter periwinkle Alligator weed Madeira vine Tutae Koau/native celery (native)
SECT 239 SO 434446
SECT 7 SO 503564
HU RA
BUS ROUTE
LOT 1 DP 439477
LOT 3 DP 552997 318
BLOCK HOUSE ROAD
TE
JU
SIGNIFICANT VIEWS
LOT 2 DP 552997 554
LOT 1 DP 552997 342
Tōtara (Berries) Tītoki (Berries) Putaputaweta (flower) Kiwifruit (Fruit) Lemon (Fruit) Tī kōuka (Berries) Taupata (Fruit, seeds) Orange (Fruit) Grapefruit (Fruit) Pāpāumu (Berries) Kōtukutuku (Flowers) Plum (Fruit) Rewarewa (Flowers) Hoheria (Flowers) Kahikatea (Berries) Mahoe (Berries) Kaikomako (Berries) Pōhutukawa (Flowers) Tarata (Flowers) Rātā (Flowers, seeds) Kowhai (Flowers) Miro (Berries) Puriri (flowers) Kawakawa (Fruit) Dill (Herb) Basil (Herb) Mānuka (Flowers) Harakeke (Flowers) Sage (Herb) Chives (Herb) Hebe (Flowers) Rosemary (Herb) Korokio (Fruit) Pumpkin (Vegetable) NZ iris (Fruit, seed) Pūriri (Flower, fruit) Koromiko (Flowers) Kaihua (Flowers) Taraire (Berries) Karaka (Fruit) Nīkau palm (Flowers)
Karo (Native bush) Korokio Bananas Pukanui (native) Milfoils African flag Mapou (native) Taupata (native) Lancewood (native) Ti kouka (native) Pohutakawa (native) Curly dock Buttercups Wattle bush Scrambling pohuehue (native) stinking iris Bay laurel Night shades Onion weed
ST
AVONDALE RACE COURSE
SECT 250 SO 434446
SECT 251 SO 434446
GREAT NORT
TE WHAU PATH
RAIL LINE
AVONDALE STATION RO AD
GREEN/BLUE PATHS
White faced heron Little black shag Piwakawaka (native) Leopard seal Paradise shelduck (native) Eastern rosella Common bottlenose dolphin Tui (native) Short finned eel (native) Kereru (native)
Through this analysis we are able to propose an ecological plan for the Avondale racecourse which provides food, shelter and diversity for the existing fauna, while introducing other native species that will attract Fauna which does not currently inhabit the site.
Existing Flora
Proposed Flora
LOT 2 DP 556706 324 LOT 1 DP 556706 381
600m
N
Tui (native) Piwakawaka (native) Mallard duck Song thrush Pukeko (native) Little shag Mallard duck White faced heron Eastern rosella Karoro/black backed gull (native) Long finned eel (native)
Short finned eel (native) Eastern welcome swallow Australian magpie Blackbird Little black shag Kereru Pied stilt White faced heron Eastern welcome swallow Nz kingfisher (native)
Harakeke (native) Hybrid crack willow Whau (native) Palmgrass Hebes (native) Te Motu Kairanga/ Pigeonwood (native, food for kereru) Centella Lancewood Onion weed Nahui (native) Hounds tongue fern (native) Karaka (native) Swan plant Field madder Ti kouka Pukanui (native) Poroporo (native) Parataniwha (native) Floating crystalwort Lesser celandine Totara (native) Koromiko
HangeHange (native) Karo (native) Kiokio (Native) Mamaku/blackberry Mangeao (native) Poison hemlock Hill fireweed Common vetch Lemonwood (native) Tall out grass Field woundwort Smilo grass Common waterweed Rewarewa (native) Towai/Large-leaved milk tree (native) Kiokio (natural) Kanuka (native) Wavy bittercress Katote (native) Pukanui (native) Kiekie (native) Yuccas Rasp fern North island lacebark
Sun orchards Maikaika Two seeded vetch Sheeps sorrel Isolepis levynsiana Wild gladiolus Nahui (native)
Existing Fauna Eastern rosella Hedgehog Common european starling 6m 5m 4m 3m 2m 1m Harakeke
Child
Hebe
Violets
Dill
Koromiko NZ Jasmine
Basil
Sage
Chives
Sunflower
Pumpkin
Rosemary
Kawakawa
11
WATER SENSITIVITY
HYDROLOGY ANALYSIS
.5
33.5
.5
22.5
15 .5
29
8.5
13.5
The Avondale racecourse and wider Avondale area are important ares of focus when talking about hydrology planning and water systems because these areas directly link to the Te Whau Awa; a large culturually and historically significant river which flows to the Waitemata harbour.
28
13
33.5
11 11 .5
12 12.5
16
17.5
16.5
9
16.5
16
22.5
16
17
22
7 22.5
16.5
16.5
16.5
16
16
14.5
22 23
22.5
17
27.5
29 .5
37
35 43
ROS
27.5
OAD
46.5
24
5
29.5
15 14.5
54
38
.5 11
17
15.5
51
30
53.5 54.5
.5
29.5
14
8.5
10
7.5 8
27.5
16
40
21.5
22
26
26
22.5
23
.5
27
26.5 25 .5
24.5
13.5
38
.5
23
22.5 23
15.5
22.5
.5
16
.5
32.5
.5
16.5
38 37.5
37.5
25
17
15.5
11.5
12
12.5
11
10.5
.5
16
14
16.5
5
27
16
HI-
TE A
16.5
40.
25
16 17
25
16
40
A A-R KĀ-
29.5
17
40 .5
28.5
27.5
24
13
.5 16
39.5
39
24.5
13
15.5
54
.5
16
A AUR KAT 38.5
29
16.5
12
23.5
.5
38
16
9.5
Pictured to the left is the recently completed first phase of the Te Whau pathway, an important infrastructure to connect the wider community with the whau river physically, helping to establish a sense of awareness of the river and increasing pedestrian dominant accessways through biodiversity, which ultimately enhances the wellbeing of occupants. Focusing on this as a catalyst for the regeneration of the Avondale area, when considering design approaches which are water sensitive.
39
37.5
53
13.
16
5
52
38.5
50
50.
51.5
52.5
12
17
47 47.5
14
17
46
37
16.5
45.5
49
24
17
17
.5
38
45 .5 49
17
ND R
17 16
43 44.5
48.5
EBA
17
.5
12
27.5
17
14
.5
17.5
16.5
RIV 16.5
23.5
16
17
ER
17
29 .5
28 .5
37.5
48
17
.5
38
16.5
11
E
AL SD
17.5
25.5 26
14
9.5 10
10.5
.5
36.5
16
AD RO
33 23
23.5
16
17
23.5
.5
9
8
16.5
23 42
26.5
7
16.5
16.5
6.5
24.5
22.5 22
8.5
16.5
33.5
24
13.5
23.5
22.5
22.5
14.5
15
16.5
7.5
8
18
23
26.5
27
13
5
27. 28
17
29.5
16
13
22
18.5
51
40
40
18
.5
40
30
17
41.5
42 43
26
25.5
.5
41.5
25
37
24.5
23
.5
41
38.5
26
17
38.5 36 34
.5
33
31
14
.5
14.5
24
15
14.5
39.5
41
17
15
.5
20.5
MIXED USE ROADS
.5
29
.5
50
21
.5 16
.5
15
H AS
40
21.5
.5 15
16.5
19 .5
17
R ST
.5
16
16.5
17
20
ARTERIAL ROAD
T EE
16
.5 19
.5
12
40
25.5
.5
14
16.5
14.5
.5
16
40
40.5
26
42
AVONDALE STATION
25.5
39.5
10
11.5
10.5 11
31.5
26.5
9.5
32
13
47
14
31
26
NEW LYNN - AVONDALE
41
13.5
26
35.5
H ROAD
10.5
16.5
49
.5
23
11
22.5
22
10
22
9.5
9
8 15
7.5
6.5
RO AD
16
5.5 9
6.5
36.5
16.5
16
30
1.5
5
9
16.
29.5
9.5
29
9
8.5
16
28
14
13.5
4
57
21
15
1 0.5
21.5
11 13
3.5
6.5
57
49
.5
22 21.5
.5
11
0.5 1.5
27
21
WIN
13
22.5
.5 15
10.5
.5
12
.5
T
EE
R ST TE GA
.5
11
13
11
22
1.5
16.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
57.5
.5
9.5 0.5
1
0.5
32
30.5
33
10
.5 19
12
16
21.5
1
0.5
0.5
2.5
28.5
27.5
13.5
5
8.
0.5
1.5
8 7.5 6.5
20
.5
.5 62
63
2.5
5.5
16
6
.5
.5
60
59.5
52
64
22.5
2.5
59
8
5.5
1
4
5.5
WES T RA
6.5
.5
.5
.5
1.5
2
5 4 3
.5 18
.5
33
17
.5
54
1.5
1
1.5
13
13.5 14
14.5
13.5
7.5
.5
9 12 10.5
13
13.5
16
8
8.5
1.5
12
1.5
8.5
12
17
18
16.5
9
7.5
1
6
200m 18
0.
.5
8
10
5
11
12.5
100m
0.5
18
13
7.5
1
16.5
1
11.5
1.5
18.
.5 6
10.5
2.5 4.5 5
5.5
11
6
9.5
11
5
8.5
18 .5
10
8
10
45.5
1
18
19
12
11
13
1
22.5
22 21.5
21
20 13
19
.5 10
12.5
18
18.5 14
2
2.5
0.5
1.5
7.5
9
40
1
4
12
8.5
6.5
4.5
1
18 0.5
5.5
10.5
7.5
9
T
16.5
7.5
13
1.5
3.5
7.5
6.5
12.5
.5
66
1
7.5
8
11
7
15.5
4
10
6
12
9
20.5
NU
R TI
5.5
6
AO EW 11.5
6.5
7
3.5
6
12 6.5
7
16
7
9
IA
3
13
A IW
5
6.5
0.5
6.5
8.5
8
5.5
13
6.5 8.5
70
IL LI
18.5
19
0.5
7.5
16
8
2.5
65.5
15
11.5
12.5
13
67
.5
16
19
3.5
NE
14
11
5
67
19.5
11.5
16.5 .5
5
4
69.5
.5
1.5
HEALTHCARE
Another important thing to consider is the management of water within the site and mitigating the negative effects of contaminated water entering the already degraded Whau river, a strategy for this can be rain water collection and grey water systems on site.
72
6. 1.5
67.5
68.5
71
12
6
69
70.5
72
18.5
0.5
68
66.5
10
1
3
5.5
1
23
10
0.5
5.5 2.5
5
16
1.5
14 14.5
19.5
8.5
12
2
7.5 8
4
PUBLIC BUILDING
.5
66 65.5
13
7
5
6
GR
4.5
64
.5
15
13.5
.5
11
1
34.5
65
3.5
5.5
TN EA
5
6.5
.5
34
15
3
6.5
57.5
14
3.5 5
6 0.5
7
7
55 53.5
57
5
21
56
.5
16
6.5
6
5.5
0.5
AD RO
58
11
.5
9.5
21
TH OR
10.5
14
17
3.5
5
53
4.5
55
9
7
2.5
54
1.5
23.5
2
12.5
7.5
4.5
.5
10.5
5
58
24.5
13.5
.5 52
5.5
25
5
5
4
54.5
16
4.5
4.5
12
65.5
.5
5.5
0.5
65
15
5
Considering the area has a moderate level of flood prone areas, the proposed buildings should be designed in a way that allows for the natural rise in water to occur, without causing damage to the buildings, this can be achieved through strategies such as elevating buildings off of the ground, to allow the water to pass through or vegetation and wetland schemes which absorb excess water.
For a roof size of 1000Sqm in Auckland the potential monthly rainwater collection is 100917Ltrs. The average water usage per person in Auckland is 140-170Ltrs per day or roughly 4650Ltrs per month, meaning that rainwater could service 21 people without the use of grey water systems for showering, dishwashers, washing machines and basins which would dramatically decrease the water usage.
44.5
26
22
51.5
14.5
2
5
16.5
N
36.5 36.5
63.5
3
5
18
5.
2
SITE
36.5 37
61
60.5
51
0.5
0.5
COMMUNITY BUSINESSES
37
35.5
15
1.5
EDUCATION FACILITIES
62.5
26.5
16
18.5
19
.5
4
50
20.5
.5
16
12
13
47 36
2.5
10
36
.5
20.5
15.5
BLOCK HOUSE ROAD
21
7.5
36 22
21.5
16
22.5
12.5
5.5
6.5
11 10.5
3
36
17
20.5
0.5
1.5
.5
12
8.5
11.5
ORT AGE )
0.5
AVONDALE MARKET
36.5
36
3.5
PUBLIC PARKS
36
16
8.5
7.5 6.5
5
0.5
0.5
I (P
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
35.5
35
5.5
1.5
1
1
NG
15.5
7.5 1.5
1.5
3
35.5
34.5
35.5 8.5 8
1.5
1.5
BLUE/GREEN ZONE
34.5
.5 36 .5 37
38
35
1
1
0.5
5
16
2.5 2
1
BUS ROUTE
10.5
3.5
16
0.5
35.
36.5
4
HU RA
0.5
1.5
5.5
Existing blue infrastructure, Te Whau pathwayway, Avondale (Auckland Council, 2020).
42.5
35.5
11
9.5
BUS STOP
WA ITA
11
37
35.5
37.5
TE
5
.5
7
6.5
6
7.5
16
7
.5
35
41
RAIL LINE
49.5
1
38
36
36
.5
34
36.5
17
39
.5
35.5
35.5
SIGNIFICANT VIEWS
15.5
15
5
14.
12
.5
35
JU
11.5
14
36.5
GREAT NORT
.5
ST
13.5
AVONDALE RACE COURSE
15
.5
14
.5
.5
37
11 16
12
35.5
38
.5
16
TE WHAU PATH
41.5
33.5
32
37.5
.5 10
16
9.5
26
16
26
.5
11
DE S
GREEN/BLUE PATHS
300m
400m 33
500m
600m
17.5 16 16
Overland flow paths 100ha and above
Open watercourse
Stormwater catchments
Overland flow paths 3ha to 100ha
Whau Te Awa water catchment
Site contour lines
49.5
Flood prone areas
Representing 1 day, average monthly rain days (0.1mm rain day) Representing 1 day, average monthly rain days (<1mm wetday) Average Rainfall, Avondale (NIWA, 2022).
13
GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS 33.5
22.5
22.5
15 .5
22.5
23.5
24
33.5
22.5
25.5
33 23
23.5 .5
38
37.5
23.5
16 .5
29
23.5
.5
.5
27.5
.5
28
16
.5
23 42
OAD
36.5
10.5
29
26
26.5
7
24.5
9
ND R
9.5 10
22.5 22
6.5
17
EBA
14
22.5
22.5
13.5
16. 5
23
ROS
8
8.5
8
22
7.5
16.5
14.5
16
17
.5
22
7
16.5
.5
29
33.5
5
37
16.5
35
17
17.5
43
.5 11
17
.5
43
48
17
12
48.5
17.5
49
27.5
46 46.5
47 47.5
17
27.5
16.5
17
17
29.5
15
30
12
5 14.
54
17
HI-
53.5
54.5
TE A
.5
29.5 28.5
27.5
24
13
.5 16
39.5
39
24.5
13
15.5
29
16.5
12
23.5
.5
38
38.5 54
.5
16
40
25
27
17
25
5
38 37.5
40.
16
16
14
8.5
10
7.5 8
.5
.5
32.5
.5
5
40
27.5
16.5
25
15.5
12
12.5
11
10.5
.5
11.5
16
17
37.5
9.5
14
16.
16
16
21.5
22
38 .5 .5
.5
.5
50
21
51
40
40
18
.5
20.5
16
18.5
17
.5
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Given this information we conclude that the buildings that are to be proposed on theBUS AvonROUTE dale racecourse site, must have thoroughly considered foundations, to avoid soil erosion BLUE/GREEN ZONE damage. The proposed buildings must also alPARKS low for wet soil conditions and potentialPUBLIC overflow of water beyond ground level.
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This research can be ‘ground truthed’ when conTE WHAU PATH soidering that the proposed site was a wetland VIEWS before being developed as a racecourse,SIGNIFICANT and we know that the site borders the Te Whau Awa RAIL LINE which has wetlands situated along its banks.
This reaffirms the need for further development of the area to carefully consider water systems that re-use grey water and black water, while allowing for excess water to move naturally through soil and vegetation to purify before being released to the Te Whau Awa.
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Hydric soils are often the result of poor drainage and permeability, resulting in saturation for ARTERIAL ROAD prolonged periods of time. Because of the soils wet properties, they are often referred toMIXED as wetUSE ROADS land soils, because of their ability and tendancy GREEN/BLUE PATHS to support ecological wetland plant species. (Scott, F, 2018)
Due to the large areas of impervious surfaces surrounding the Avondale racecourse and the slope of the topography downward toward the Te Whau Awa, run off of contaminated water enters the river, polluting the water and having negative effects on local ecosystems.
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The soil of the site and surounding areas are hydric soils, hydric soils are soils which are formed in areas exposed to flooding, saturation and ponding for long enough that the upper 30cm of soil develops low oxygen levels, these soils are often found near bodies of water (Te Whau Awa). (Scott, F, 2018)
200m
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ROUTE 22A, 22N, 22R – ROSEBANK RD, NEW LYNN, AVONDALE TO CITY CENTRE VIA NEW NORTH RD, ST LUKES AND KINGSLAND ROUTE 107 – AVONDALE LOOP
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Figure 1 demonstrates a 15 - 20 minute walking radius, which articulates 400 meters in a radial condition. That being said this data is only indicitive and generalises excluding those with disabilities (The University of British Columbia, 2020).
400m
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Avondale has a fragmented acessibility and circulation network, which is governed by large arterial roads and car centric neighbourhood roads.
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Walking radius diagram
MIXED USE ROADS
GREEN/BLUE PATHS
SIGNIFICANT VIEWS
ARTERIAL ROAD
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PUBLIC PARKS
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AVONDALE MARKET
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EDUCATION FACILITIES
EDUCATION FACILITIES
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SUMMER SOLTICE
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Wider ecological considerations have developed from this report including addressing issues related to transportation, urban connectivity, and ecological restoration. Avondale faces issues like many other dense suburban areas, simply our neighborhoods were designed for motor vehicles and our infrastructure has not been renewed since the industrial revolution. Although the City Rail Link, Avondale to New Lynn shared path and Te Whau path all begin to address the issues of environmentally friendly and pedestrian centric connectedness, Avondale remains
AD RO
IL LI
This environmental analysis has informed a sensitive design approach to the environment going forward. The intension is to listen to environment and respond with decisions that holistically benefit people, place, the natural world, economics, and accessibility. This isn’t business as usual.
UTES WALKING 15 MIN
WES T RA
Geotechnically speaking the site’s ground conditions are poor. The ground consists of flood prone soils with multiple flood plains running through various areas on the site. A response to this condition will be to avoid building on marshy areas by creating blue/green infrastructures, as well as designing deep piles and foundation systems, which support buildings structurally.
Ecologically Avondale is also fragmented and, in some cases, neglected. Zones for biodiversity exist but have little to no network in between the urban sprawl. In this report an ecological analysis outlines the potential ecological restoration, this has now become a critical element of environmental analysis in relation to health and wellbeing of everything physical.
H ROAD
When studying solar geometry, air conditions, wind direction and speed it became evident that solar power generation using photovoltaic panels was a key move. The potential of solar harvesting has now become a key design consideration for this site with many if not all proposed interventions benefiting from solar energy. Solar energy requires sun, which means the relationships between buildings must encourage equitable access to sunlight and sunlight hours. In relation to shade cast by other buildings the height and form of buildings will make a considerable difference on passive solar design conditions.
governed narrow footpaths and major arterial roads. Urban design will play a crucial role relationality of a new typology for Avondale. This responsiveness to the urban can be firstly carried out on the Avondale Racecourse site as a catalyst for change.
GREAT NORT
This report has enabled a simplification of a complex environmental analysis on a large suburban greenfield development in Avondale, Auckland. The analysis has opened multiple conceptual exploration opportunities which relate to environmental conditions and restraints on and surrounding the Avondale Racecourse site. While producing this report, it quickly became evident that there were critical considerations to study which helped inform a holistic understanding of the environment and how a building or introduced infrastructure may place on the site.
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references Auckland Council. (2020). Existing blue infrastructure, Te Whau pathway, Avondale. https://ourauckland.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/news/2015/10/stage-one-of-te-whaupathway-complete/ Auckland council. (2021). GeoMaps mapping service. https://geomapspublic.aucklandcouncil.govt.nz/viewer/index.html Auckland Transport. (2017). Te Whau Pathway Context + Analysis Public Consultation Draft. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Air pollutants . https://www.cdc.gov/air/pollutants.htm Chappel, P. R. (2020). The Climate and Weather of Auckland . https://niwa.co.nz/static/Auckland%20ClimateWEB.pdf iNaturalist. (2022). https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?nelat=36.85908525792006&nelng=174.7080387043 49&place_id=any&subview=map&swlat=36.91146205981581&swlng=174.6568131400571
This isn’t business as usual.
NIWA. (2022b). Solar View . https://niwa.co.nz/our-services/online-services/solarview Teara. (n.d.). Rose Wind Tool . Retrieved April 6, 2022, from (https://teara.govt.nz/en/interactive/28809/wind-roses) The University of British Columbia. (2020). Five minute walking distance. 1–8. http://www.urbanstudio.sala.ubc.ca/urbanstudio%202008/student%20materials/Chap ter%204%20Draft%20Aug%208.pdf World weather online. (2022). Avondale Climate Weather Averages.https://www.worldweatheronline.com/' title='Historical average weather'>Dataprovided by WorldWeatherOnline.com</a> Walrond, C. (2022. Nelson region - Climate and environment', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/interactive/28809/wind-roses Weather Spark. (2021). Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Auckland. https://weatherspark.com/y/144891/Average-Weather-in-Auckland-New-ZealandYear-Round
Reinhart, C., Arsano, A. (2022). Climaplus outdoor climate. http://climaplusbeta.com/OUTDOOR SunCalc. (2022). Computation path of the sun. https://www.suncalc.org/#/36.8982,174.6916,14/2022.04.08/14:37/1/3 Singers, N., Osborne, B., Lovegrove, T., Jamieson, A., Boow, J.,Sawyer, J., Hill, K.,Andrews, J., Hill, S., Webb, C. (2017). Indigenous terrestrial and wetland ecosystems of Auckland. https://knowledgeauckland.org.nz/media/1399/indigenous-terrestrial-and-wetlandecosystems-of-auckland-web-print-mar-2017.pdf Levels. (2020). Photovoltaic Systems . https://www.level.org.nz/energy/renewable-electricitygeneration/photovoltaic-pv-systems/ NIWA. (2022a). Average Rainfall Data. https://niwa.co.nz/static/Auckland%20ClimateWEB.pdf
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