Architecture Portfolio
William Rose
2023
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Contents 4. Archive (of a) Collective (Future) GSAPP Adv. VI Studio | Spring 2023 Critic: Karla Rothstein With Daniel Chang 20. Comfort/able Housing GSAPP Core III Studio | Fall 2021 Critic: Erica Goetz With Jordan Trager 34. The Care Collective GSAPP Advanced IV Studio | Spring 2022 Critic: Bryony Roberts With Sam Velasquez 46. De-Mining Tomkins Cove GSAPP Advanced V Studio | Fall 2022 Critic: Lindy Roy 3
Archive (of a) Collective (Future) Adv. VI Studio | Spring 2023 Critic: Karla Rothstein With Daniel Chang
The Archive of a Collective Future resists the erosion of collective cultural memory and practices in Manhattan’s Chinatown caused by the threats of generational death and internal and external gentrification. The population of Chinatown continues to age and die, and many are leaving due to high rents and displacement by new arrivals. As a result, the traditions and relationships that have enabled this neighborhood to create a unique identity and hold out against gentrification are at risk of fading away. Even as old businesses pass to newer generations, owners are forced to negotiate between their passions and a nostalgic orientalized image. A joint archive and workshop provide spaces that draw from Chinatown’s unique cultural identity to think about the future by continuously evaluating the neighborhood’s relationships to the rest of NYC and Chinese culture. The archive records Chinatown’s past through a series of temporary and permanent storage and display spaces. Movable storage panels open clearings throughout the archive where workshop and community gathering spaces engage with and speculate on the neighborhood’s future. Workshops draw inspiration and resources from the archive while enabling artists, researchers, performers, cooks, and activists to share skills and cultural activities among generations. Collected artifacts and created objects are juxtaposed to form a speculative lens viewing the production spaces, classrooms, and a performance space as well as the rest of NYC; through the integration of archive and workshop, community members are empowered to recontextualize these artifacts and traditions with new creations. A distributed network of display spaces overlaps with existing storefronts within and outside of the neighborhood, creating a means to evaluate the intersection of the current Chinatown and an emergent collective vision of the future. 4
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1. Scharlin and son Bernice Abbott’s “Changing New York Project” chronicles the interactions between people and buildings around different neighborhoods in Manhattan. In 1938, she captured an image of Scharlin & Son Gambetta Snuff Shop on a gelatin silver print.
2. Snuff pot Snuff, a smokeless tobacco, originated in the Americas, with its first recorded use among indigenous peoples in Brazil. In the early 16th century, Spain began a profitable snuff trade, and the product soon achieved popularity in Europe.
3. Yiddish Lettering This sign features writing in Yiddish, a West Germanic language spoken by Ashkenazi Jews. In 1915, New York City featured 7 Yiddish newspapers with over 600,000 copies circulated daily. While the number of Yiddish speakers has significantly declined, as of 2021 over 250,000 Yiddish speakers still live in the United States.
4. Thousands of wooden statues were created in the United States to market tobacco products to illiterate or non-English-speaking populations. These figures often depicted stereotypical Native Americans, drawing upon and strengthening a narrative of Native Americans introducing tobacco to European settlers.
5. Habsburg Heraldry The Habsburg double-headed eagle draws from iconography of the Roman Empire. This house was one of the most powerful European dynasties in history, ruling the Holy Roman Empire for three centuries.
6.Fabric Fabric shops used to be common in Chinatown, but people moved and retired, and rent increased. Ironically in place of the old fabric store is now a vintage fashion store. Stores much like this one depict a fading Chinatown.
7. Tea Sign The story of tea begins in China. According to legend, in 2737 BC, the Chinese emperor Shen Nung was sitting beneath a tree while his servant boiled drinking water, when some leaves from the tree blew into the water. Shen Nung, a renowned herbalist, decided to try the infusion that his servant had accidentally created..
8. Tea Pot Experts generally agree that the teapot dates back to around 1500 AD, with the emergence of Yixing teapots in China. Using the iconic purple and red clay from Yixing in the eastern province of Jiangsu, potters crafted small individual teapots with the handle and spout design we know today.
10.Gacha machine A type of vending machine, particularly popular in Japan. Money is exchanged for capsules usually containing various toys. Because of the variety of capsules, it is difficult to obtain the particular desired capsule, and has thus been associated with a culture of gambling.
31. Bricolage Bricolage is a French term that refers to the process of creating something new from whatever materials or resources are available. It is often used to describe artistic or DIY projects that involve repurposing or reusing existing materials in creative ways. Bricolage can also refer to a broader approach to problem-solving or innovation, in which solutions are developed through a combination of trial and error, resourcefulness, and improvisation.
11.Vintage Clothes Vintage clothing refers to garments that were made in a previous era and are now considered retro or nostalgic. These pieces are typically at least 20 years old and often have unique styles and designs that reflect the fashion trends of their time. Vintage clothing is sought after by fashion enthusiasts for its quality, craftsmanship, and historical significance. It is also seen as a sustainable alterna-
30.Neon Signage The history of neon signs dates back to the early 20th century, when French inventor Georges Claude developed the technology to create neon lights. In the 1920s and 1930s, neon signs became a popular form of advertising in cities around the world, with their bright colors and distinctive shapes catching the attention of passersby. Over time, neon signs became synonymous with the glamour and excitement of urban nightlife, and they continue to be used today in both commercial and artistic contexts, as a symbol of vibrant energy and creativity.
12.LED Neon sign In L’être et le Néon Luis Miranda asserts the history of neon as both a cultural artifact and a metaphor. He argues that neon is a symbol of the 20th century’s grand modern ambitions. The LED neon sign perhaps becomes a digital corruption of these ambitions.
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29. Division Street is a vibrant and bustling street located in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City. It has a rich history dating back to the early 19th century when it was named after the division of the city into wards. Today, Division Street is a melting pot of cultures, offering an eclectic mix of shops, restaurants, and markets that reflect the area's diverse community. Visitors can sample a range of international cuisines, browse unique boutiques and shops, and experience the vibrant energy of this dynamic neighborhood.
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14.Cigar Boxes Cigar boxes are containers used for storing and transporting cigars. They come in various shapes and sizes, but are typically made of wood or cardboard and are decorated with colorful labels and designs. Cigar boxes have a rich history, dating back to the early days of the cigar industry in the 19th century. They were initially used to protect and preserve the cigars during transport, but soon became a marketing tool as manufacturers began to use elaborate designs and labels to promote their products. Today, cigar boxes are often collected for their historical and artistic value, and are considered an important part of cigar culture.
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27.Ecdysis NYC is a contemporary art gallery located in the Lower East Side of Manhattan. It showcases a diverse range of emerging and established artists working across various mediums, including painting, sculpture, and photography. Ecdysis NYC aims to provide a platform for artists who challenge conventional art practices and explore new forms of creative expression. The gallery also hosts events and exhibitions that encourage dialogue and critical thinking about contemporary art and culture.
15.Retro Retro refers to clothing that is inspired by styles from a previous era, but is newly made. Retro clothing often features bold colors, patterns, and silhouettes that are reminiscent of the 1960s, 70s, and 80s.
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16.Thrifting Thrifting refers to the practice of shopping for secondhand clothing in thrift stores, vintage shops, and online marketplaces. Thrifting is often seen as a sustainable alternative to buying new clothes, and allows fashion enthusiasts to find unique vintage pieces at a lower cost.
16.Upcycling Upcycling clothing is the process of transforming old, worn-out, or outdated clothing items into new and improved pieces. It allows for individual creativity and customization, as each upcycled piece is unique and reflects the personal style of the creator. Upcycling clothing is an excellent way to extend the life of clothing items and contribute to a more sustainable, eco-friendly fashion industry.
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26.Jameson Snuff is a brand of smokeless tobacco that originated in the United States. It is made from finely ground tobacco leaves and is typically placed between the lower lip and gum for absorption. Jameson Snuff comes in a variety of flavors, including natural, wintergreen, and mint. While it is legal to purchase and use in some countries, snuff is generally considered a harmful and addictive product that can
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13.Vinyl Discs The vinyl revival, also known as the vinyl resurgence, is the renewed interest and increased sales of vinyl records, or gramophone records, that has been taking place in the music industry. Beginning in 2007, vinyl records experienced renewed popularity in the West and in East Asia.
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28.113 Division Street is a residential building located in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York City. It is a six-story walk-up building that offers studio and one-bedroom apartments for rent. The building's location provides easy access to a variety of restaurants, shops, and entertainment options in the surrounding neighborhood. It is also conveniently located near public transportation, making it easy to explore other parts of the city.
25.Cast Iron Ornament Cast iron has been used in architecture for centuries due to its strength, durability, and decorative appeal. It was a popular material for building facades, balconies, and ornate columns during the Victorian era in the 19th century. Cast iron's versatility allowed architects to create intricate designs.
9.Tea Discs Pu-erh tea, known as “black tea” in the Far East part of the world, originates from the Yunnan province of China and is named after the market town in which it was first developed. Pu-erh tea is post-fermented, which means that the tea leaves go through a microbial fermentation process after they have been dried and rolled, causing the leaves to darken and change in flavor.
24.New York City has an extensive trash pickup system to handle the waste produced by its approximately 8.3 million residents. The city's Department of Sanitation operates over 6,000 collection trucks and employs thousands of workers to collect garbage, recyclables, and organics from homes and businesses.
23.Longjing Longjing, or Dragonwell tea, is a type of green tea that is grown in the Hangzhou region of China. It is known for its delicate flavor and aroma, and is often served during formal occasions and important events.
22.Yixing Teapot The Yixing teapot is a type of clay teapot that is used for brewing tea in the Gongfu tea ceremony. Yixing teapots are prized for their porous clay, which absorbs the flavors and aromas of the tea, enhancing the taste of subsequent brews.
21. Pu-erh Pu-erh is a type of fermented tea that originates from the Yunnan Province in China. It is aged for several years, giving it a unique flavor and aroma. Pu-erh is often prized by tea enthusiasts for its health benefits, including aiding digestion and reducing cholesterol.
20.Tenement A tenement is a type of multi-unit apartment building that was common in NYC's Chinatown in the early 20th century. Many garment workers in the neighborhood lived in tenements, which were often overcrowded and lacked basic amenities. Today, many of these tenements have been converted into affordable housing for low-income residents.
19. Garment District The Garment District in NYC is a neighborhood located in Midtown Manhattan that has historically been the hub of the city's garment industry. Many garment factories and showrooms are located in the Garment District, making it an important center for fashion production and design.
18.Piecework Piecework refers to a system of payment where workers are paid based on the number of pieces they produce, rather than an hourly rate. Piecework was common in the garment industry in NYC's Chinatown, where workers would be paid based on how many pieces of clothing they could produce in a day.
17. Patina Clothing patina refers to the natural wear and aging that occurs on garments over time. It is caused by factors such as washing, fading, stretching, and general use. Patina can add character and charm to a piece of clothing, giving it a vintage or retro feel. It is often valued by collectors and fashion enthusiasts as a sign of a garment's history and unique story.
Everyday Chinatown (left) Everyday spaces in Manhattan’s Chinatown and their objects embody collective memory and visualize neighborhood change - these objects and storefronts formed the basis for initial investigations. Material Study (below) An early material study used a heat gun to deform a network of mylar tubes and examined how adding acrylic rods helped reduce deformation. A corresponding drawing maps this deformation as a system and highlights the negative spaces that open as a result.
Mapping Chinatown (above) Our map of Chinatown highlights physical and cultural relationships throughout the neighborhood. “Positive” institutions, organizations, and stores are shown in red, while “negative” influences, such as new retail chains, galleries, and luxury development are shown in black. Using this map, we located our project beneath the Manhattan Bridge at the site of the nearly-abandoned East Broadway mall. This site strengthens connections between the core of Chinatown and Little Fuzhou, and it serves as a contrast to the gentrifying mall across the street. 7
Chinatown Archive The Archive Collective recives objects and artifacts through donations or salvaging. These objects are stored and displayed on temporary and permanent display shelves. These acrylic, modular shelves become layers through which to view the space and the building’s surroundings. These movable shelves are hung from ceilingmounted tracks. Each floor plate is hung from a space frame overhead, supported by steel columns. 8
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Plan Detail: Fixed Condition (Advance the page to view how the space changes)
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Workshop Workshop spaces: fabrication shops, art spaces, classrooms, a kitchen, and a performance space, are not fixed. Rather, as the shelves expand and contract, the negative space opens up and becomes the workshop space. When a visitor shifts shelves around, an element of serendipity creates unexpected patterns throughout the space. New spaces open, allowing users to host workshops amongst the archive and creating unforseen encounters with objects old and new.
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Plan Detail: Expanded Workshop Condition Here the shelves have been expanded to create space for a ceramics workshop amongst archive shelves displaying pottery. Below: Rail System Details
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Plan Detail: Expanded Kitchen Condition An expanded kitchen and accompanying eating area provides space to teach and taste neighborhood recipes.
Facade More durable objects in the archive, such as store signs, coat the building’s facade, forming another lens through which to view both the project and the neighborhood. As old businesses close, these signs can live on and be reinterpreted in the archive. This layered display extends up to the Manhattan Bridge’s pedestrian walkway, curating views for those walking past. Larger signage faces towards the subway tracks, making the Archive Collective visible to a broad range of audiences from both within and outside of Chinatown. 13
Layered Temporality The movement of objects throughout the archive leads to a malleable space. Different objects are assigned different levels of permanence by the curation team - some are stored indefinitely, while others are free to be used and reinterpreted to create new objects and speculate on the neighborhood’s future.
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4. Longitudinal Section 1. In looking out 2. Existing space by East Broadway Mall 3. Out looking in 4. Facade 5. Existing street vendors 16
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Archive Collective: Embodied CO2e Analysis Footprint: Carbon & Design | Spring 2023 Critic: David Benjamin
For Footprint: Carbon & Design, I broke down my studio project into its component structural parts and materials to facilitate targeted embodied CO2e comparisons. This analysis revealed which parts of the building contributed the most to the projects’ embodied CO2e footprint and therefore which elements should be reconsidered or redesigned. Alternative materials were suggested for different building components.
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Comfort/able Housing Core III Studio | Fall 2021 Critic: Erica Goetz With Jordan Trager
Comfort/able Housing synthesizes existing housing typologies to create a new form of multigenerational living. Vertical layers of units, circulation, and utility cores that house risers for geosource energy and plumbing create community at different scales. All the units face a lush, communal courtyard, and many units are aggregated in multigenerational clusters. Vertical stacks of units share semi-private rooftop spaces. The building’s facade creates layers of operability. Operable windows and shutters allow occupants to control their own thermal and visual comfort, and a floor-through scheme enables cross ventilation. In the winter, geo-sourced heat radiates from the thermal core walls. Within the multigenerational clusters, the dining area sits across a public corridor in sunny, double height space that encourages interaction. Each unit abuts one thermal core and one circulation core. These circulation cores house semi-public staircases that connect to units above and below the dining floor. Short spans between cores allow a structure of CMU blocks and c-joists. On the floor above the dining floor sits a floor of 3-bedroom units, while below the dining space sits a floor of floor-thru units. Each of these 1-bedroom units can stand on its own or can connect with the dining space above. Drawing from a skip stop typology, staircases connect each unit cluster and allow families to stay connected across generations while maintaining personal private space. Select staircases also extend upwards to the occupiable green roof, and others provide egress to the ground. 20
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Precedent Analysis Model analysis of Saat Rasta and Copper House II by Studio Mumbai explored operability, passive cooling, and privacy.
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Plan Units weave around large central courtyards and existing buildings on the block. South-facing units gather solar gains through extensive glazing. A network of CMU cores provides each unit cluster with a means of vertical circulation and a radiant thermal wall.
Solar/Social Cooridor: Above
Plan Diagram Orange: Thermal Cores Blue: Vertical Circulation Grey: Solar/Social Cooridor
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Solar/Social Cooridor: Below 25
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Solar Social Cooridor Select floors feature south-facing solar social cooridors that serve as both circulation and communal areas. Dining areas and seating encourage interaction between residents. Cross Ventilation Floor-through units with operable windows allow residents to adjust thermal comfort levels.
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Bedroom Floor / Looking down into double-height space 29
Studio Units Floor-through units with operable windows allow residents to adjust thermal comfort levels. Radiant thermal walls adjoining each unit emit heat gathered from geo-source heat pumps. 30
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De-Mining Tomkins Cove Adv. V Studio | Fall 2022 Critic: Lindy Roy
De-Mining Tomkins Cove transforms a defunct quarry into a site for soil reconstruction and remediation. This proposal draws from research into the geological history of the site, a landscape where human activity in the past century has cut into 460 million years of limestone strata. Responding to a proposed plan by the site’s owner to dump construction and demolition (C&D) waste into the quarry, I quantified and visualized that waste as new strata (right). This plan to turn the quarry first into a C&D dump and later into a green space raises environmental concerns and has been criticized by Riverkeeper as “a landfill masquerading as a park.” My project instead explores new ways of thinking about waste disposal by using materials such as C&D wood waste, waste soils, and gypsum to create new soil mixtures. Waste concretes and aggregates form new pathways around the site and retaining walls that hold back the soil. Different zones have been identified across the site to test different soil mixtures and remediation methods, such as using fungi (mycoremediation) and plants (phytoremediation) to filter toxins from the soil, and existing site infrastructure is adapted to move people and materials around the site. A new structure, created with recycled concrete, provides space to process waste that arrives on the site from a reused conveyor and barge landing. In the future, when the quarry pond fills, the site will convert into a public park and the structure will bring people into the site. A long staircase cutting into the limestone will provide access and bring visitors into direct contact with the site’s geology and strata. 34
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Geologic Time Research into the geology of Tomkins Cove Quarry reveals millenia of geologic action. 36
Site Geology This former quarry contains a range of rocks and minerals, with limestone most abundant. Limestone is composed of tiny fragments of formerly living creature, and its unique properties made it a soughtafter commodity. Today, it’s composition still affects the site and the quarry pool.
Golden Spikes: Stratigraphic Boundaries
Newer Strata
Time Interval A Boundary stratotypes contain “Golden Spikes” (GSSPs) which mark geological time boundaries Time Interval B
These markers are usually biostratigraphic signatures, such as fossils
Time Interval C
Time Interval D
A GSSP in Australia (above) marks the beginning of the Ediacaran Period
Older Strata
LIMESTONE: COMPOSITION & PROPERTIES Limestone is a sedimentary rock that often forms when Calcium Carbonate percipitates from water. Calcite & Argonite, different forms of CaC03, form the main compounds in limestone
Coral - Skeletal Remains Limestone Grains Magnified
Foraminifera
Peloids
Limestone Variation in Grain Composition
Ooids
TOMKINS COVE QUARRY: MINERAL COMPOSITION
2. Dolomite 4. Iron Trace amounts cause red iron stains down the side of the quarry 1. Chalcopyrite
3. Pyrite
7. Calcite Some crystal reach up to 5” long 5. Balmville Limestone The most abundant rock at Tomkins Cove Quarry, the Balmville (or Trenton) limestone is fine-grained and relatively pure 6. Quartz
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Stratigraphy Principles: Law of Superposition
Newer Strata
Older Strata
Stratigraphy Principles: Law of Original Horizontality
Newer Strata
Older Strata
Stratigraphy Principles: Law of Lateral Continuity
Newer Strata
Continuous Layer (Previously)
Continuous Layer
Stratigraphy Principles: Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships
Older Strata
Newer Strata
Stratigraphy Stratigraphic principles enable scientists to decode the geologic history of a site. 38
Discontinuity (Newest)
Older Strata
Exploratory Site Model This exploratory site model imagines four staircases descending into the quarry from the upper edge to the bottom. On the sides, annotations mark elevation change, rock age, step count, water level, and other data. Each step descends over 700,000 years into geologic history. 39
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C&D Landfill An existing plan by the quarry’s owners proposes converting the site into a construction & demolition waste landfill, a proposal that has been protested by environmental organizations. This image draws inspiration from old stratigraphic drawing to imagine how this “new strata” of waste would fill the site. What materials would be present, what are thier harms, and how could this disposal process be rethought. 41
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Soil Reconstruction Process
Site Plan - Soil Remediation Zones & Site Access
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Soil Reconstruction Center A soil reconstruction and waste processing center reuses existing site infrastructure to provide space for materials transportation, processing, and storage. In the future, the concrete structure will merge into the landscape and provide access to the site. 44
Terrace Design New walkways provide pedestrian access throughout the quarry while also serving as retaining walls for soil remediation zones. Remediated soil becomes grounds for new habitat creation. 45
The Care Collective Adv. IV Studio | Spring 2022 Critic: Bryony Roberts With Sam Velasquez
The Care Collective developed from the idea that our senses never turn off and continue to absorb stimuli that can trigger trauma. Combined with the knowledge that our site in Poughkeepsie had a high percentage of families living below the poverty line and a high percentage of immigrant communities, we wanted to address systemic barriers that prevent people from accessing care. Our center’s programming, in addition to medical care, provides childcare, legal aid, job training, and food access. Four nodes of massing carve and cantilever across the landscape – these nodes include a community center, a healthcare center, in-patient housing, and a cafe with an attached greenhouse. All of these spaces surround and encourage interaction with a healing garden. The form of the buildings invites the landscape in, puncturing the buildings with pockets of greenery. Ultimately, this proposal and the programming imagine how healing can move beyond typical forms of medical care to create a new, equitable model of wellness. 46
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Mental Wellness Precedent Research (above)
New Model of Care (right)
Research into contemporary approaches to mental wellness treatment shaped our model of care and the experiences we created in our project. Our project incorporated learnings from a wide range of organizations, from supervised injection sites to therapeutic gardens to psychiatric hospital designs.
Our new model of care addresses barriers that many people face in accessing mental and physical healtcare. We imagined how the physical environment could support tackling these barriers while creating a space that felt comfortable and noninstitutional.
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Access to Integrated Care Our integrated care center, split into four buildings, provides access to a range of mental and physical health services while working to reduce stigma surrounding mental healthcare.
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Distributed Program Four buildings clustered around a central sensory garden provide different levels of privacy and permanency of stay. A medical center, inpatient housing, community and childcare center, and garden cafe each fufill seperate functions while together providing a comprehensive care experience. 53
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1. Site Section 2. Inpatient Housing 3. Medical building, bottom floor perspective 54
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Top: Community hub, childcare area perspective Right: Central Sensory Garden 56
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Thank you. William Rose wrr2111@columbia.edu 434.249.8467
