漫步在边缘 废弃垃圾填埋场景观改造 strengthening the edge Kenilworth, 华盛顿特区 2015.12 指导老师:Michael Ezban 两人小组作品,本人为主设计师
此页十二人研究小组研究成果部分展示,本人负责案例分析,共六个案例,此处由于页面限制,节选其中三个。
研究与初探 research + knowledge builging 美国城市生活垃圾流向
垃圾处理技术研究 垃圾沥出液净化技术
植被恢复技术
垃圾中甲烷回收与利用
美国城市生活垃圾垃圾组成与变化
案例分析 Garraf landfill-- 几何形态与生态
Lorton green ernegy park-- 绿色能源公园阶段性发展方式
Northala Fields 地标与污染过滤带
随着垃圾管理技术的提高,世界上出现了越来越多的废弃垃圾填埋场,然而场地废弃后之前的垃圾以及污染物却残留在了土壤里对水质以及生态环境产生了很大程度的污染,如何防范污染并赋予场地新的活力与使命成为当今景观设计师们的一大挑战。通过了解不同种类的技术以及对 世界上几个著名的 landfill 案例进行分析,并通过分析图的方式呈现研究成果,使我对废弃垃圾填埋场改造有了初步的认识。
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Soil Cap Wtih Pre-Excavation
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LAYERED SYSTEMS
此页为四人场地研究小组成果,本人负责横截面和立面图分析 M
site analysis 场地分析PARK KENILWORTH LANDFILL
Recent Fill Area Shallow Soil Methane In Excedence Shallow Soil Methane Non-Excedence
LANDFILL CAP
现存垃圾场保护层
Deep Soil Methane In Excedence Deep Soil Methane Non-Excedence Soil Settlement Depressions
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Testing Well Locations ll dfi
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Former Benning Racetrack Kenilworth Neighborhood
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Anacostia Freeway
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Eastland Gardens Neighborhood aco An
Mayfair & Paradise Neighborhoods
URBAN CONTEXT
Minnesota Avenue Metro
场地周围城市肌理
Parkside Neighborhoods District Transfer Station
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PEPCO Power Plant
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boundary study: LANDFILL TO anacostia river
boundary study: LANDFILL TO aquatic garden ww
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boundary study: LANDFILL TO LANDFILL
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场地现状横截面分析
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National Arboretum
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MANAGED RECREATION
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场地周围显存景点
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River Floodplain Forest
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Kingman Island Golf Course
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Modified/Managed Marsh Dry Oak-Pine Forest
VEGETATIVE HABITATS
Ruderal Upland
KENILWORTH PARK LANDFILL
kenilworth landfil south (grassland)
植被与栖息地 DETACHED ADJACENCIES S1
creek area
kenilworth neighborhood
fence
解,发现了除了已经存在的污染问题外,场地与周围环境几乎没有 相互作用。同时,位于 anacostia 河畔这一特殊的地理条件也为场
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地带来了一定程度的洪水隐患。
S2 S3
Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens
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Anacostia River
S5
Watts Branch
S6
Special Flood Hazard Areas Subject to Inundation by the 1% Annual Chance Flood
RIVER DYNAMICS
水文
S7
anacostia river
national arboretum
kenilworth landfill north
retaining wall
S1 S2 S3 S4
S5
S8
S5
S9
S6
kenilworth landfill north (woodland)
kenilworth landfill north (grassland)
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wetland
aquatic garden
S9 Kenilworth Park North
S10
S2
S13
S11
KENILWORTH PARK
场地红线
S14
S7 S8
S11 S12
通过不同形式的分析图对场地进行二维和三维层面上的认识与了
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Kenilworth Park South
kenilworth landfill north (grassland)
S15
creek area
kenilworth landfill south (woodland)
S13 S14
S16 S9
S15 S16
分离的环境 --- 立面图分析
TRAILS, TREES, AND WELLS
此项目为两人设计小组成果,本人负责总平面图设计与地形解读
设计缘由 developing ideas
STRENGTHENING THE EDGE
WATER MONITORING WELLS ARE INSTALLED AT AN EFFICIENT DENSITY TO CHARACTERIZE THE FULL NATURE AND EXTENT OF GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION, GRADIENT DIRECTIONS, AND HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY ALONG THE DOWNGRADE BORDERS OF THE SITE WHERE SHALLOW GROUNDWATER DISCHARGES TO THE ANACOSTIA RIVER, KENILWORTH MARSH, OR SURFACE WATER THAT COULD IMPACT THE ANACOSTIA RIVER WITH SITE CONTAMINENTS. DEEPER WELLS COUPLED WITH SHALLOW WATER TABLE WELLS TO DETERMINE THE VERTICAL EXTENT OF CONTAMINENT TRANSPORT.
现存地下污染监测井
KENILWORTH PARK
城市未来绿道发展计划
现状地形解读
ANACOSTIA RIVERWALK TRAIL BY NPS EXISTING AND PROPOSED
SED-12
SED-02
SD-06 SMP-C
SPM-N
SED-03
SD-07 SD-11
SD-08
SED-04
SD-09
SD-10 SED-05 SPM-N
SPM-N
SPM-N
SD-17
SPM-N
SPM-N
SMP-G
SED-2
SD-15 SMP-F
SED-1
SD-14
SD-15
SED-7
SED-6
SD-4
SED-3
SPM-N
SED-8
SED-9
SMP-I
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SMP-J
EXISTING VEGETATION CONSISTING OF DOGWOOD, PERSIMMON, LAUREL, RED CEDAR, BIRCH, ELM, ELDER, WILLOW, ASH, SWAMP MAPLE AND BEECH.
现存植被与社 区
SPM-N SPM-N
SED-11
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由美国 National Park Service 颁布的《anacostia
SED-10 SMP-K SMP-L
TIA
riverwalk》计划,为我们的设计带来了一定灵感,自行 FLOODING CONDITIONS AT KENILWORTH LANDFILL
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车道成为我们连接场地与周围环境的主要元素
100 年洪水泛滥区 ANACOSTIA RIVER
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1500
3000 feet
100 年洪水泛滥区
ZONE AE HIGH FLOOD RISK. BASE FLOOD ELECVATIONS HAVE BEEN DETERMINED. FLOOD INSURANCE IS MANDATORY AND LOCAL FLOODPLAIN DEVELOPEMENT CODES APPLY. THESE PROPERTIES HAVE A 1% ANNUAL CHANCE TO FLOOD AND A 26% CHANCE TO FLOOD OVER THE LIFE OF A 30 YEAR MORTGAGE.
场地边界
KENILWORTH LANDFILL
场地洪水问题较为严重,并且会覆盖整个社区。同时,
500 年洪水泛滥 区
ZONE X AREAS OF 0.2% ANNUAL CHANCE FLOOD: AREAS OF 1% ANNUAL CHANCE FLOOD WITH AVERAGE DEPTHS OF LESS THAN ONE FOOT OR WITH DRAINAGE LESS THAN ONE SQUARE MILE AND AREAS PROTECTED BY LEVEES FROM 1% ANNUAL CHANCE FLOOD.
一旦洪水在场地中泛滥,污染物将会严重破坏水质。
1% ANNUAL CHANCE (100 YEAR) FLOOD. ADOPTED BY FEMA AS THE BASE FLOOD FOR FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT.
TOPOGRAPHY IDENTIFICATION
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1500
3000 feet
HP:36ft
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500
1000
2000 ft
海拔 10-20 英尺区 海拔 20-30 英尺区
确定了方向。
海拔 30-40 英尺区
对现状地形的思考帮助我们在设计场地防洪与排水时,
海拔 40-50 英尺区
HP:44ft
30-40 ft area
20-30 ft area
10-20 ft area
40-50 ft area
此项目为两人设计小组成果,本页全部由本人设计完成
设计概念 --- 强化边缘 strategy---strengthening the edge
设计后地表径流
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RUNOFF
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交通流向与地形表示 (黄色为桥,黑色为路)
CIRCULATION
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6 华盛顿国家植物园 NATIONAL ARBORETUM
ANACOSTIA RIV
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STIA R
ANACO
通过结合场地地形现状,针对不同的边界条件,发展出六种不同的边界策略,
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目的是为了有针对性的使降水迅速离开场地,防止洪水入侵,保护邻近社区, 同时为市民提供一个可供游览,动物可以栖息的生态公园。边缘因其丰富的资 源,与外界的联系以及防洪的重要性成为了公园的“中心”,以达到漫步在边
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缘的初衷。 ANACOSTIA
2 HP:40FT
流水花园 AUQATIC GARDEN
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场地边界设计策略 (1-6) EDGE STRATEGIES ZONING
HP:46FT
RIVER
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此项目为两人设计小组成果,立面策略由本人设计完成,效果图与横截面渲染由 Richard 完成
强化边缘 --- 通向社区 strengthening the edge---connecting neighborhood
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STRENGTHENING THE EDGE
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CONNECTING NEIGHBORHOOD
邻近社区
500 年洪水线 100 年洪水线
infiltrate
infiltrate
空中走廊系统
residential building
社区防洪绿带 0.2% annual chance flood 1% annual chance flood
embank & enhance
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原有污染保护层(厚度不变)
原有填埋垃圾
原有地形剖切线
50 feet 1 inch = 10 feet
通过建立防洪绿带,并将其有机的与空中走廊系统,为市民提供跑步骑车锻炼的绿道系统,创造真正可以漫步的边缘。同时拓宽原有河道,增加湿地面积,以此加强防洪能力,设计中的新污染保护层(由不同种类土壤和其他材质分层组成)保证洪水无法渗入场地,抬高地形加速地表径流, 以帮助排水,以防下渗。
STRENGTHENING THE EDGE
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CONNECTING ADJACENCY
强化边缘 --- 通向四周 strengthening the edge---connecting adjacencies
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此项目为两人设计小组成果,立面策略由本人设计完成,效果图与横截面渲染由 Richard 完成
STRENGTHENING THE EDGE
强化边缘 --- 苗圃之趣 strengthening the edge---developing nursery DEVELOPING NURSERY
2 保护
500 年洪水线 100 年洪水线
preserve
苗圃
nursery
污染监测井
well
infiltrate
0.2% annual chance flood 1% annual chance flood
蓄水
infiltrate
collect
drain
High Tide Low Tide
原有污染保护层(厚度不变)
原有地形剖切线
0
50 feet
1 inch = 10 ft
原有填埋垃圾
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the edge---redirecting runoff 强化边缘 --- 重置径流 STRENGTHENING THE EDGEstrengthening REDIRECTING RUNOFF
500 年洪水线 500 年洪水线
100 年洪水线
100 年洪水线
保护
preserve
固堤
anacostia 河防洪区 通往植物园 national national arboretum arboretum
reserve reserve
空中走廊系统
0.2% annualchance chance flood 0.2% annual flood 1% annual chance flood 1% annual chance flood
High High TideTide Low Tide Low Tide
connect connect
污染监测井 wellwell
te rate elera acacccele
stablize
健身步道
cover cover
加
ac
ce速 le ra
hp: hp:26ft 26ft embank enhance embank & & enhance
te
collect collect
reinforce reinforce
0.2% annual chance flood 1% annual chance flood
原有污染保护层(厚度不变)
drain drain
EXISTING 2FT2FT CAPCAP EXISTING
原有污染保护层(厚度不变)
Kenilworth Landfill North
原有填埋垃圾
LANDFILL LANDFILL
anacostia river anacostia river
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50 50feet feet
11inch = 10=feet inch 10
原有地形剖切线
原有填埋垃圾
原有填埋垃圾
Kenilworth Landfill South
0
50 feet 1 inch = 10 feet
feet
强化边缘 --- 湿地漫步 strengthening the edge---wetland meandering
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500 年洪水线 100 年洪水线 空中走廊系统 滨水草坪 infiltrate celebrate
0.2% annual chance flood 1% annual chance flood well
High Tide Low Tide
生态湿地(增加防洪能力) expand
infiltrate
健身绿道
skywalk infiltrate infiltrate
infiltrate
infiltrate
infiltrate
collect
原有污染保护层(厚度不变) EXISTING 2FT CAP
EXISTING SECTION LINE
collect
meander moisten
原有地形剖切线
原有填埋垃圾
LANDFILL
0 1 inch = 10 feet
50 feet
STRENGTHENING THE EDGE SPORTFIELDS ALONG THE EDGE 强化边缘 --- 社区体育公园设计 strengthening the edge---sportsfield along the edge
2
此项目为两人设计小组成果,立面策略由本人设计完成,效果图与横截面渲染由 Richard 完成
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体育公园根据原有网球场改造而成,为市民提供了更多的体育运动场地和项目,同时有意的将运动场地安排在“边缘”,丰富了“边缘”的多样性, 同时又强调了“边缘”的重要性。漫步在边缘,将会体验到一个景观赋予废弃垃圾场的新的活力与各种各样不同的功能。
residential building
社区 celebrate
生态洼地 collect
原有地形剖切线
EXISTING 2FT CAP
LANDFILL
原有填埋垃圾
0
50 feet 1 inch = 10 feet