Politics pages from 42 1 f08 cjet

Page 1

Photo by Daniel Plassmann

Politics

A quintessential niche for journalists A campaign with two major presidential candidates, Sen. John McCain and Sen. Barack Obama, attracts massive media attention. Others — among them: Cynthia McKinney, Green Party; Chuck Baldwin, Constitution Party; Bob Barr, Libertarian Party; and Ralph Nader, independent — also make their voices heard. In addition, some states have senatorial and gubernatorial contests, and all 435 districts have elections for the United States House of Representatives. For journalists, elections translate to endless opportunities. Value them. Develop them. Model them. The opportunity repeats every four years — how perfect for every high-school newspaper and yearbook. The election pattern guarantees every teenager a chance to inspect the political process. One vs. One — that is the clear prototype, as seen in the Democratic presidential primary, especially when the race narrowed to Sen. Hillary Clinton vs. Sen. Barack Obama. As coverage of the prototype illustrates, enterprise of both reporters and photographers is essential to present readers/viewers the coverage they deserve. The best preparation is to let both pros and peers, from throughout the United States, instruct students via their experiences. Help the staff discover the importance of tenacity, determination, enthusiasm and involvement — personal qualities that depend neither on the size of the high school nor on the budget of the publication. Every highschool reporter and photographer has an equal opportunity to initiate careful planning to produce mind-challenging results. Vote for teenagers. Elect coverage and informed citizens. Uphold accuracy and fairness. Participate in democracy as part of the historic Fourth Estate. —Howard Spanogle 10 • Communication: Journalism Education Today

Fall 2008

With Sen. Robert F.

Kennedy, Jr.

Tenacity

Ina Herlihy of San Francisco shares her how-to, which has already has taken her miles during her freshman and sophomore years. What’s ahead for her? “Great expectations,” says her adviser Tracy Anne Sena.

A

ttending the activities surrounding the inauguration of Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi in January 2007 with teachers and classmates was my first time taking photographs with the professional press. With credentials hanging around our necks, the pros took fellow photographer Rena Hunt and me under their wings in the press area within minutes of joining them, graciously offering to let us try out some of their own lenses on our cameras. Stepping outside the press ropes, I found myself interviewing Sen. Barbara Mikulski, D-Md. I handed her a prewritten thank you card with my e-mail address, phone and fax numbers and school address. A few weeks later, I received a letter from her with researched info to back up what she had been telling me during our conversation. Attending the events in Washington, D.C., made me realize politicians are really the same as we are so I grew in confidence and my ambition was awakened. As candidates entered the presidential race during the following months, I submitted my e-mail address and cell phone number to their campaigns to get in the loop with their events. After bookmarking their Web sites, I visited them daily to track travel itineraries, rallies and events. When I learned about Illinois Sen. Barack Obama’s Democratic rally in Oakland, Calif., in March 2007, I immediately signed up online for a general admission ticket — it didn’t even cross my mind to request press credentials. Upon arriving, I coincidentally walked by the press stand while heading to the public entrance line a few blocks long. I had a long

Fall 2008

lens around my neck so I went right up to the woman in charge and politely asked for credentials, showing her a copy of my press badge from Pelosi’s inauguration to verify my credibility. She took me to her boss to ask permission, who ultimately said something along the lines of, “Oh, you’re so cute, of course.” I was the youngest member of the press that day by decades, and yet I did not let myself become intimidated. I took a spot on the floor between two chairs — a spot too small for anyone else — and positioned myself looking dead center at the stage. At the end of my freshmen year, my journalism teacher gave me a stack of business cards. I always have some in my possession because I am only given a moment’s notice for some of the events I have attended, such as when I met former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright the first time. When I met Obama, I was walking around New York City with my family when I noticed multiple news vans and heavy security surrounding a building. I went up to a security guard to inquire about the event and then asked for a press pass at the press stand while making small talk with the woman in charge. She said she was letting me through because I had the “sheer guts” to ask. At the end of the event I pushed through the crowd. When Obama passed by, I put my hand up with my business card. He took it and placed it in his pocket, and we conversed for a few moments. continued on page 12 Communication: Journalism Education Today • 11

Photo by Ina Her lihy Photo by Ina Her lihy

continued from page 11

By a combination of keeping my eyes open and being in the right place at the right time, I have found myself chatting with Speaker Nancy Pelosi at Borders bookstore while we were both Christmas shopping, photographing presidential hopeful Rudy Giuliani at a Mel’s Drive-In and attending a private, closed press fundraiser for Gov. Mike Huckabee, R-Ark., where I interviewed him and took pictures. More deliberately during the past two years, I have photographed or interviewed Sens. Hillary Clinton, D-N.Y.; Diane Feinstein, D-Calif. and John Kerry, D-Mass.; Reps. Anna Eshoo, D-Calif. and Jackie Spear, D-Calif.; Gov. Mitt Romney, R-Mass.; environmentalist Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and Warren Buffet, businessman and philanthropist. During the JEA/NSPA convention in Philadelphia last year, Rep. Ron Paul was hosting a presidential campaign rally a few blocks away from the hotel so I went to take photographs. Upon arriving on location, I could not find a press secretary so I climbed up into the assigned press area.

Within minutes someone from Paul’s campaign politely told me I would not be allowed on the press platform so I hopped off. As it turned out, I ended up being closer to Paul than the press remaining in the designated area. n Ina Herlihy, news editor, The Broadview Convent of the Sacred Heart High School (San Francisco, Calif.; Tracy Anne Sena, adviser)

COMPETE FOR SUCCESS • Set up press privileges before you go out on a shoot. Call the press office and let them know you want to be on the approved press list. • Find the press table when you arrive. For big events there will often be a separate press entrance. Smart move: Ask where the press entrance is when you call ahead. • Carry ID, preferably government issued, such as a driver’s license. If you are covering a political candidate, your student ID may not get you in. • Walk carefully and lightly on the press dais or in the press area. Any movement on a platform will disturb video cameras — and still photographers will not be too thrilled having their shots disrupted. • Ask pertinent questions. If you are uncertain about the protocol, ask the pros. They will more than likely give you the lay of the land and offer tips. • Arrive ready to work. As friendly as everyone may be, journalists in the press area are “at the office.” Reporters are probably already prewriting their stories or doing other work so they will not welcome excessive interruptions. Avoid moving in and out of your seat. Keep all your belongings together and do not use your cell phone unless it is an emergency.

12 • Communication: Journalism Education Today

Fall 2008

Inside

The political beat is a valuable prize on metropolitan newspapers. And in a presidential election year, reporters on that beat work overtime to find stories that do more than simply report the sound bites from the latest staged press event. Veteran reporters Rob Christensen of the Raleigh News & Observer and W. Gardner Selby of the Austin American-Statesman reveal their approaches to the political beat. 1. Why would someone want to cover politics/politicians routinely? Christensen: Politics is part of the grand experiment of free people governing themselves. This is how a free society makes decisions — about which roads to pave, how big an Army we should have, how we should take care of the elderly, how do we pay for medical costs, how do we protect our society from criminals, how do we educate our young people. This is the stuff of politics. Selby: Politicians and/or officeholders essentially control how government spends tax dollars. Some do so wisely. Journalists would want to cover these characters if they either care about the beliefs of the characters, their roots and goals, or specifically how they’re intending to spend tax dollars and why. Sometimes the best stories are told by politicians/ officeholders — sometimes the best unintentional jokes too. Politics is the richest provider of unguarded moments, even better than professional sports.

2. What is the single biggest challenge in covering politics/politicians routinely? Christensen: Politics has become very professionalized, especially at the level that I cover, such as president, governor and the U.S. Senate. Candidates hire people to create a certain image. And then the candidates often say as little as possible so as not to offend any voters. The biggest challenge in political reporting is to get beyond the spin and the mask to find out who these people are and what they really believe. Selby: P/Os, as we call them, aren’t always forthcoming about what they’re doing or why. It takes time (maybe years) to get a handle on when a politician/officeholder is candid and when they’re not.

3. What’s one story that you’ve covered in the political arena that sticks out in your mind? What makes it stand out? Christensen: There is no one story. Most recently I have covered Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton, John Edwards and John McCain. Certainly the career of Jesse Helms has been memorable. In 1984, I was thrown out of the state Republican convention — by resolution — by Helms’ lieutenants. As I was being led out of the Raleigh Civic Center before a cheering crowd, the presiding officer intoned, “The cancer has been surgically removed.” Selby: As a pup reporter, I was handed the task of attending then-Texas Gov. Bill Clements victory party in Austin in November 1982. Slight problem: He lost re-election to Mark White. The routine became more interesting because of the loss. I watched for signs of dismay, anything to make readers feel like they were in the hotel ballroom with me. To be sure, Clements roared back four years later, unseating White, whose own comeback fell short in 1990. Message: Loss is almost always a better story than victory — or maybe that’s a sign of my own weaknesses.

4. Often it seems that politicians have “stock answer” to questions, and sometimes they simply evade questions. How do you get them to answer the question you’ve asked? Christensen: The best way to get a good answer from politicians is to go into an interview well prepared. If they provide an answer that is not consistent with what they have said in the past, you can point it out. Selby: By repeating the question, sometimes reminding the P/Os that they didn’t answer it the first round. If that doesn’t work, let readers know the question was asked and not answered. To be fair, politicians/officeholders aren’t required to fill in the blank on any question. As reporters, though, we have the right to let readers know when a

Rob Christensen has been writing about North Carolina politics as a reporter and a columnist for 35 years at The News and Observer. He has contributed to three books on North Carolina or Southern politics. In April, his first solo book, The Paradox of Tar Heel Politics: The Personalities, Elections and Events that Shaped Modern North Carolina, was published by the University of North Carolina Press.

W. Gardner Selby, chief poilitical writer for the Austin AmericanStatesman, has covered Texas politics off and on since the early 1980s. Before he had worked as a reporter for the Beaumont Enterprise, Madison (Wisc.) Capital Times, Wichita (Kan.) Eagle Beacon, Dallas Times-Herald, The Houston Post and San Antonio ExpressNews.

continued on page 14 Fall 2008

Communication: Journalism Education Today • 13

continued from page 13

dodge appears to have happened. CRUCIAL: Make sure you asked exactly the question you wanted answered. A way to check: Take a tape recorder on every interview. Use it.

5. Former Speaker of the House Tip O’Neill once said all politics is local. How does this influence how you cover politics/politicians? Christensen: Tip O’Neill was right. All politics is local. So we at The News & Observer pay more attention to local politicians, such as John Edwards’ presidential run. And we also focus on issues important to the state, such as military bases, hog waste, tobacco, etc. Selby: It’s essential to know a politician’s/officeholder’s roots and core philosophies/issues. Start every project having a sense of these basics so that you can catch signs of those roots in each story you write on the P/O at issue.

6. Should reporters spend more time covering issues rather than events or politicians? What are the pros and cons to this approach? “The well-told story of North Carolina’s 20th-century political dynasties forged by patronage, cronyism, kickbacks, fraud, character assassination and the high art of stealing elections honorably…. Christensen succeeds where most political historians fail; he makes the story interesting…. A must-read for all who value insight into the realities of winning campaigns and governing in a democracy.”

Christensen: The News & Observer has, over the last 15 years, shifted to far more coverage of issues so we do few stories about what the candidates say on the campaign trail. Selby: Reporters should understand issues and interweave them with stories on events or politicians/officeholders. Pure issue stories go unread, I suspect, partly because the authors bore themselves writing them. I sense that personality-type profiles get read more, but there’s no excuse for such a story lacking rich issue references. NOTE: It takes time to learn issues. Allow yourself the opportunity.

John N. Davis, The News and Observer

14 • Communication: Journalism

7. This fall the national election will impact everyone in the United States and, indeed, the world. How can students localize this national election? Christensen: North Carolina will be in play this fall for the first time in years so we will have a rare opportunity to see a lively fall campaign here — with TV ads, campaign offices and the candidates themselves. This has not happened since the 1992 election between the first President Bush and Bill Clinton. Selby: National issues slap us across the face constantly — latest example: price of gas at the pump. Write from what you see right in front of you.

8. If you had one piece of advice for students considering being political reporters, what advice would you give? Christensen: If you enjoy politics, there is no better job. But you can’t approach it like a partisan. You must do your best to be fair to both Democrats and Republicans. In fact, I do not even vote in elections that I cover as a way to help maintain my neutrality. But in return you get a front row seat to history. Selby: Consider working in a political campaign or two. Get a taste of what politics is like from the inside. Otherwise, concentrate on understanding the P/Os in your own world, perhaps starting with student leaders who will be chasing public offices of all kinds before you know it. Study political history, the men and women who have guided the planet. If it bores you, consider another profession. Ultimately, no matter what your assigned beat, politics runs through it. n

er) Evanchyk, advis ach, Fla. (Linda Be on alt W Ft. hool, Choctaw High Sc Smoke Signals, LNEWS

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Schroeder has nwide, nonthe participated in Voters is a natio dedicated n and could not caucuses since partisan organizatio c become after April 22 to they started in publi abek said not or the 70’s. to helping the register, Pulkr nts may • Features Edit Elise Bowder '08 . ue of Women in politics and ation requireme ved Leag Taylor Bundy far more people gradu invol l “The . held more schoo The worry pastyear’s caucus large number, 289, this , high fall sylvania. Staff Writer voting. For the This returning in the In the near future d across Penn is rage to was a very s unifie d awhile encou “There Voter and woul took it ed , and hasit been d-comstandardiz rements that LWVmade register for the seem really chaotic With the up-an become more tly affirmed requi sh, 60 years, the for students to tration Schroeder said. regis primaries, so Education recen s in math, Engli a compelling or you can regget organized,â€? es instead of State Board of aiding in voter nts to pass exam general election ing primary and Iowa has caucus d on behalf of the voter. stude l ul she voter g g,â€? handf schoo a butin 11.or eort require persuade, and ential election, enforce all high commencement. drives and distri thereeis more ister online at vote4 you can argue, science before ed in 2014, are presid ies you ship High “At caucuses s befor elecsaid., “in primar d be implement social studies and education sheet final of Manheim Town choosing said. ns,â€? Schroeder nts, which woul d out a of Education’s said.give opinio are The requireme vote.â€? Pulkrabek hande the State Board cast a has tions, Pulkrabek just School students there politics review prior to ration forms at an active role in When asked why interest expected to face mere 20 regist have been dis- to take helming a reality check their voices are “It’s w]. Educators overw sure an ng ship. vote. [revie been maki Town pass s policy] will dent for Curriculum s in this year’ to find a better ering to vote. “I think it [the tant Superinten of young voter that we need heard by regist February while,â€? said Assis new concept for us.â€? them],â€? she on, Pulkrabek On Thursday, a cussing it for a presidential electi way [to distribute d be the memdon’t think it is it’s an exciting ishing 70,000 exit exam woul Pulkrabek, a John Riegel. â€œâ€ŚI said “because said. “An aston County are this prospective series of tests 27, Kaye League of Women the first time, aster In Pennsylvania, which are “a election. For people in Lanc an l y Assessments, to a Jan. 17 ber of the [The and schoo etenc ding ng vote. high Comp accor to runni n the school‌â€? Graduatio a woman is not registered Voters, was at throughout high is running.â€? en Voters is] ration forms that will be given ation press release. African American one, distributing regist League of Wom Educ nts. “The credited the exams [algebra hard to reach Department of pass two math lit- to interested stude Women Pulkrabek also working really be required to ng teens more [composition and according to League of Students would English exams Internet for maki thus more those people,â€? history or goal [of the sign geometry], two aware, rican history, world to earn Voters] is get everyone to cally abek. algebra two or [Ame politi Pulkr exam s in order l studie or so stuturn 18,â€? said Among the 20 erature], one socia ce exam [biology or chemistry] involved. up when they make our scien ned registra“We want to civics] and one dents who obtai he or she Pulkrabek. ma. you must senior Danny senior James gets a diploma, a high school diplo In Pennsylvania, own voice,â€? said tion forms was l. In the when a student in important to be filled out a reg“The goal is that all academic areas,â€? said Riege Gerald be 18 by April 22 to vote lm Hayden who Lundquist. “It’s t h Pa regisiency in Secretary especially must cs, ation profic and politi Educ show ture wi in ry e, will prima releas involved TION on pg. 5 den t ak es a pic are “cheating our the Education press 24, according he said. more REGISTRA Department of tyâ€? diplomas that this election,â€? ter by March Joe Bi Women referenced “emp for those The League of L. Zanhorchak Pulkrabek, but g 18 commonwealth.â€? infusing the high to who are turnin children and our exams would be nts exit 13 stude pg. atory ING on The focus of mand more GRAD TEST

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Joe Thor

Alex Butzier

Sydney La Rue

Liz Niemer

Determination

The Manheim Township High School newspaper Hi-Lite has been involved in covering the campaigns of U. S. Sens. Hillary Clinton and Barak Obama. Because of the importance of the Pennsylvania primary, both Clinton and Obama held rallies in Lancaster County, where our school is located. My co-editor-in-chief and top photographer entered through the press entrance and received front-row access to the Clinton rally at Millersville University of Pennsylvania. on Oluleye, Carly Hi-Lite staff — Ay , Taylor Bundy er ieb St Piersol, Molly ger — report er nb ise Ge es W and ama campaign Ob ck ra from the Ba ge of St us evens Colle rally at Thadde 31. h rc Ma ncaster Technoloy in La

Fall 2008

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bama paid two visits to Lancaster, one to Thaddeus Stevens College of Technology and the other to the Lancaster Train Station. Five Hi-Lite staff members — sports editor, features editor, top photographer, a staff writer and I — obtained press access to the Obama rally at Thaddeus Stevens. We had gone to the Obama Web site to apply for press access. The questions were clearly meant for large press organizations and publications like news stations and professional newspapers. We were asked if we needed riser space and how many cameras we would be bringing. Soon after submitting the application, we

received a notice stating that we would receive an e-mail if the rally would not be able to accommodate us as press. Sure enough, the day of the rally my editors and I bypassed the 1,800 people in line and went through the press entrance. We were asked to show our identification and press credentials. None of us had appropriate press credentials except for high-school identification, but we were all able to talk our way in and, with our names on the press list because we had applied on the Web site, we were not denied. Once we entered it was easy to see we were the only high-school newspaper there. n Molly Stieber, editor-in-chief, Hi-Lite Manheim Township High School, Lancaster, Pa. (Marty Pflieger, adviser) Communication: Journalism Education Today • 15

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Photo by Jordan Nicholas

Enthusiasm

After receiving press credentials for a Hillary Clinton rally in nearby Scranton, Pa. on March 10, reporter Jeff Shucosky and photographer Jordan Nicholas from Wyoming Valley West High School, Plymouth, Pa. covered the candidate’s speech in the town where her father is buried. There Clinton spoke about her local roots during a rally at Scranton High School.

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“

overing Hillary Clinton’s visit to Scranton High School gave me a first-hand experience in the world of professional journalism,” Shucosky said. “I was floored by the number of major media outlets attending the rally in what I always considered to be a small city. Furthermore, I was impressed and amazed by the intensity of these journalists as they jockeyed for position to capture the best photo and story they could.” Nicholas was also impressed with the event. “Covering the Hillary rally showed me how real-world politics and real-world journalism work. Being able to fight for a camera position was something I’ll never forget,” he said. “And to get advice from photographers from top newspapers from around the world really gave me confidence and has given me an upper hand in my journalism class.” The two students did not take any part of the process for granted. They enjoyed receiving their press passes — and even being cleared by security. “Once I cleared security I was given a briefing and received my press pass. I was given permission to go behind the scenes where other people only dream of going,” Nicholas said. “For the other journalists, this was no big deal. But I felt on top of the world.” Before the rally, the students had made arrangements with a local newspaper (The

Times Leader) to have their works published in the next day’s edition. They were instructed to provide 10 inches with a perspective about what young people thought of the rally. Both students were excited to work with the short deadline. The event ended about 6 p.m., and the students had to deliver their work to the newspaper by 9 p.m. Caught in the mass exodus as they left the event, Shucosky drafted his article in the car as Nicholas weaved his way through traffic. “The rally itself was exciting, but what was even better was arriving home and writing an article in less than an hour,” Shucosky said. “Seeing my byline in the next day’s newspaper that was delivered to thousands of subscribers capped off a perfect experience.” Nicholas had a similar reaction. “The morning after the rally I awoke to find one of my pictures had been published. It was a great feeling,” he said. Prior to the event, Shucosky had not planned to register to vote. He was somewhat distrustful of the process, but after the rally, he phoned his journalism teacher to say, “This was so exciting. I am definitely going to register to vote. I want to be involved in the process.” n

Spotlight 2 Jan. 24,

6

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16 • Communication: Journalism Education Today

Fall 2008

WAY D I M H G I H U

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2008 FEBRUARY 12,

s a daily hot ool spot for after-sch ersity snacks, Univ provides the ket Mar to edy rem perfect sour wash away the math aftertaste of a or to test gone bad, ng cap off the feeli asy of elusive ecst test after a math htdelig ty pret gone the fully well. With taste scintillating or of tofu chicken of a the classic feel nst Xu Snickers bar agai Photo by Liwen Unipulsating skin, atose inent is not com halversity Market NO, THIS stud a deep, soon- but simply drifting into Mar your es sity dulg Univer e r e d lucinogenic sleep of an entire day for to-be-conqu ting effi- ket dreams. Wai ior Sam Shapiro wistappetites with end, Jun stim- school to ts to satisfy his cravings. cient means of fully wai ulating tastes.

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of any was amazing le the support had almost doub Don explained. By Rafi Khan ,” from rter other candidate up, a person Midway repo r the first line supp ortin g the no one “Afte of the grou ps ch. I didn’t think work, work that each dirty y the g tuall “Doin a spee even do but what candidates gave but when nal, the of ome one else wanted to phen went was definitely anybody was ma spoke she helped us win, of my life.” lady for Oba es aigns the his message. best experienc the Obama campe Amy completely against ton and Hillary Clin Helping out in uses, Sophomor “She attacked g that they were for the Iowa cauc on the experience, ards by sayin Edw d not cted John woul refle othe r Solomon idates and they ed with four not good cand for the American whic h she shar hing positive use uary do anyt found this outrageous beca U-Highers. er 27 to Jan le. I com plet ely was it From Dec emb e e n c a n v a s s i n g peop that fact is ad b freezing the campaign. 4, Amy h nst Obama’s son County in of the throughout John making phone calls agai soon er than later , all t who “So, and in unsure abou t to to com e temperatures le who came ince Iowa ns wen tryin g to conv 18 caucus and, more peop us for, immediately to cauc I couldn’t a. to the Precinct or Edwards. to vote for Obam listen, either Hillary to importantly, were willing believe it. ized that I the real I “Most Iowans slam e, or ple of d hang up “Bei ng ther but some woul explained. ng a true exam face,” Amy was witn essi best because it was the door in your frustration ocracy at its rstand their American so much dem “I can unde your average lt of constantly get . I felt opportunity for ct on the resu because they a large impa tion to vote have atten to and g to find pressure that really rewardin knocking the caucus. s you could say but that it was s of “And yes, I gues on after hour nteering to volu talk even one pers aign could t all camp door that I example of vote for abou on door after a really cool to caucus and this was just and convince Seniors ted an it.” rs included Obama.” uses represen Other voluntee ger and The Iowa cauc Graham Salin its finest, democracy at bert. Dan Hornung, . example of Junior Don Trau uses it Robert Strickling to g rdin acco cauc into one of the “When I went

Spotlight 8 n. 24, 200

7

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on favoring aborti “Stand for is a strong liberal Barack Obama n and minorities; hiring more wome and repealing as a woman’s right; benefits; izing stic partnership same-sex dome a opposes privat Obam y. wealth to gun ownership; tax cuts on the the absolute right liberties social security; it harms civil d t Act because common groun and the Patrio However, he found isan (issues2000.org). record of bipart accumulating a Senator with Republicans, as an Illinois tenure his of civil rights success during a is a supporter Obam ). In a.com force. (barackobam and the work ry’s voting, education, izing the count and equality in committed to maxim people. brief, Obama is ican resource: the Amer greatest natural

eedom.” the point of his ike Huckabee makes people that the show r: he wants to ve bee’s plans to impro still alive. Hucka ican s give each Amer system care the health like to implement s. He also would other federal taxes. ry ould eliminate all count the th of that the true streng ry or economy. milita milies, not the ty of preser ve the sancti ses to fight to ons. an end to aborti

nts to be eligible raise the requireme money on and they spend the Sammons said. the social sophomore Ben students because for the benefits,” t directly affect are eligible for This issue migh by the time they upt bankr be s are less may security system unfair, while other ts. Some find this retirement benefi need it for it. don’t I about se worried rned about it becau it out by figure to able be “I’m not too conce d years, so they shoul another forty-four lle Nolan k Burnett said. reported by Miche then,” junior Dere

According ely 5,000 kids under and year, approximat homicides Alcoholism, each motor crashes, alcohol-related drowning. of 21 die from burns, falls and injuries such as behavior, ience issues with suicides, and from exper also ers may growth and ption in normal Routine teen drink disru n, ipatio partic fighting, lack of l activity. sexua tected se they unwanted or unpro have a lower drinking age becau junior ries em,” count er “Oth s be a probl Here, it will alway have no problems. Kristen Felker by said. ted Black ah repor Hann

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Mike Gravel

Mitt Romney

future.” for America’s ate, commits to “True strength Republican candid predators, Mitt Romney, a t crimes, sexual safe from violen ce (National Review keeping families s, and gang violen ey governor, Romn repeat drunk driver Massachusetts’s ’s most successful Online). As the nation the of l, one hundreds of founded Bain Capita anies, and guided that investment comp sful courses. Romney believes more succes on adding companies thened by should be streng for the veterans national security ry and caring more to reform the wants troops to our milita r.com). Romney for good (DesMoinesRegiste e can compete so young peopl in an education system ey means, living for Mitt Romn Voting jobs. paying and is free. safe, prospers, America that is

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ica” to change Amer a oin the campaign a self-made man who brings is John Edwards ential race. After ter to the presid in esh sense of charac State University North Carolina 1977 from the aduating from in earned a law degree lawyer, Edwards 974, Edwards a As na. North Caroli up for families. University of interests and stood up for middle ook on powerful standing his concept of is to Now, he is taking ency. His dream into the presid families, class America up for regular ica by standing in the world, and build one Amer role ship ica’s leader restoring Amer . future investing in the

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Fall 2008

Ron Paul

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nomination. Kucin civil, human, for the Democratic igns for e Joe and campa a national health helping the averag He wants to create to and worker’s rights. ve social security. He wants preser has been care plan and e families. He to lower-incom for over 10 bring tax relief Representatives of House the old, he a member of r, and at 31 years was also a senato land). ich (Cleve Kucin city years. major t, est mayor of a became the young a teacher, consultant, TV analys of d as He has worke giving him a variety y, and author, hospital orderl issues. perspectives on

d federa se voted to increa believer in limite t Act and has never also has never against the Patrio h. He executive branc lower or the power of the always voted to taxes, and has Iraq War, and voted to raise Paul opposes the protaxes. l and abolish federa has pro-life t Furthermore, he voted against it. itution as the highes views the Const family values, and nment. authority of gover

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Friends, teachers remember sophomore Kayla Jones: Page 2

–Photo by Amy

Knight

Nathan her, left, and Chuck Jack Fletc with actor Dolan pose Caucus Republican 3. NorNorris at the school on Jan. Mike at the high to support town in ris was Huckabee.

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control subst marijuana as a pain- cancer. ill patients to use such as the pain for conditions al patients ease by prescription uana will help medic said. “Legalizing marij czinger e senior Tim Mein dates, at first ses,” illnes prescribed for simpl the of their Third party candi important. marijuana can be has led This ches. seem that But in California, backa or glance, do not on. the Dec. ts with anxiety s, according to ever, win the electi pains, such as patien They rarely, if rnia dispensarie are party candidates to raid many Califo to make third DEA going ver, is ry Howe ss. say report. the whole count electoral proce bell said. d in Europe that 30 60 Minutes “There is no way essential to the senior Rich Camp have been passe support ol. Chong global warming,” Many similar laws party candidates cigarettes or alcoh uana, it Iraq and in reported by Sujin third r than ned ful e of First, Wa sacrifices to stop king statio harm years becom ntly Iraq Drin more have like marij s curre from 21 marijuana is no Underage ion how impair the mind s and policies that the drinking age election year. over 166,000 troop quest can ing cause this cal to ol said. For With a ng chang politi issue alcoh l g ty. of h Papill starti ent olitica of socie icans are issue amon “Even thoug on, war junior Cenk The argum the sun’s heat ns a continuous an integral part the na zed consequences,” anistan, some Amer d be. Because of public opini in social remai ted legali age Afgh rijua age vote, be ing expec to of r pollution traps to Ma and drink n’s right of shoul marijuana on. dical highest has limits age to 18 years is in the air, the instance, wome 16-20 involved their military al purposes is one d States has the presidential electi states, permitting and the en from the medic the Unite in in Legalizing Me laws betwe pollution there for varies The here . issue years uana age labor whole But has of marij candidates important for many the drinking security, child America’ with the The legalization es, the war on drugs has become an has been a battle , it’s sure to be other countries, ur work week are pulled a ‘Team for medical use world; while in ial topics. For decad citizens. As a result . “We have really to melt and raise creation of a 40-ho of the support “America has really are old el Anders said. the most controvers and still an important issue today magazine, politicians, police authority, and ause the Arctic se age. ons. nsible and, if you sophomore Rach em Key years of now in place becau be legal to be more respo in the coming electi Iraq situation,” the world.” of Rolling Stone remained a probl parties gave the reported by Erin drinking should “Kids will learn and there from the rest of December issue s an important issue , affecting the and publicity third also are an exact for our country, rous drug habit According to the isolated ourselves since October 2001 culation system ced h to fight and die parties r fall victim to dange of Drug Abuse been in the war produ said. enoug Third coole has . ns icans has ica war issues either Steve Amer y om, Amer the of r Brand While millions Institute making them ing kids wait until democratic freed and a right,” junio signs of stopping. on, the National an, Americans s on the brain, s, droughts, example of y agrees, saying, “Mak kids have to sneak have been few everyday. In additi of Saddam Huss use more storm to negative effect on man to not Senior Matt Watt Social Secd.urit ing the capture in the Middle East nt planet (www. es marijuana leads s worse because allowing the comm but to let him includ the s, done curre t believ thing be other s the A) d ghou result and ibe make (NID shoul throu e , to descr what d drunk Mismanage they are 21 only , only run for office terms often used ) has been lungs. n concerned about there. s, like driving aroun responsible.” active issues l many (NIH and thing remai h of Some critica bad heart one Healt ’s do is of party. That r Adam Institute one of today should be and acting around and n and Barack it holds medical create his own m awhile still,” junio But the National or how long we junior to return the security crisis. As r than being legal se they believe ch as Hilary Clinto as today are the Refor be there for quite to be lowered, t won’t be able American social stupid stuff, rathe for years becau third parties of But others, such “I think we will tarian nts want the law fear the governmen is an easy way out.” studying marijuana om happening. to party, the Liber While most stude e. situation many Americans ation,” don’t think there other problems party, the Green You from their incom l Security with the current Koenig said. “I use regular medic s differently. compounds. ct and talk about Constitution party. they se it’s a good age. president deals money that is taken Delano Roosevelt signed a Socia people can’t just Hilary Speis think alternative, I party and the at age 21 becau or How the future ns from candidates ds “I don’t see why s will not nominate law should stay if there’s no other er you can drive separated citize after the Great us In 1935, Franklin partie “but “The t towar has cts debt wheth said, etic in East enden prote er mine le apath were what Indep Schap s this le are e was in the Midd icans who enough to deter junior Alex one layer. That’ candidates until uana rt while other peop of everyone’s incom Bill to help Amer are responsible ,” Speis said. e Bianchi said. their presidential rs claim that marij remain the would usually suppo stance is. bill stated that part put towards the person’s ways to get home guess its fine.” sophomore Sydni a on me.” the law should many policy make Depression. The rcement date’s find alternative t and summer. ent world with has an influence Herring n why people think hard when Friday night what their candi On the other hand, g to stronger drugs. Drug Enfo by the governmen using that money for o live in a differ stance completely The main reaso reported by Katie his stance to be withheld t leadin of illegal and party of the effect “The candidate’s and Obama just for to the governmen students go out is hazardous, often ) studies have shown that users g regrets that just stop the progression “I’m voting for security benefits, tt retirement. Due same is because (DEA times leads to havin er Cathy Gelne other than social r Ally Simon said. a gateway drug, short of some d be ams, senio I.” do “fun” labele may Administration progr g t so t ell it’s g,” science teach and s. Havin w Cogsw peace governmen marijuana and s the governmen rities fear that d money begin reported by Andre on Iraq. He wants one’s life forever. careless retirees, it seem drugs began with . As a result, autho ng get their hard-earne the increase of might change some s you make wrong decisions and could be to harder drugs d not put fundi to fear they won’t wrong hands and leading abusers that they shoul “Drinking make cash, leaving some could fall into the dge said. it’s l r Preston Aldri medical marijuana e decide.” ble solution, but junior back. Gravel is a radica “Let the peopl mistakes,” senio of. have enough seems like a possi what le will abuse it,” governor Mike taken advantage e government won’t prevention,” Former Alaska “Raising the taxes zed because peop on the legalization nment should limit legali gover be The dn’t ing n for his stance for “It shoul best one. lan for global warm ting hard drugs liberal who is know ica.” definitely not the arian in 1988, said. laws for seriously “Hope for Amer He supports regula Charlie Zeilinski l also supports president as a Libert lican. Paul far have passed of marijuana. global Ron Paul ran for prevention. Grave es immediate a Repub twelve states so stop as and to g n nally, thing runnin Natio ilitatio rehab He pledg first time nt does some gh peace.” ive. Being a great but this is his age and abortion. have the candidates vying t be stopped. “Strength throu House Representat t, Paul voted same-sex marri is one of the le East and would Gravel eve that it canno currently is a US from the Midd Dennis Kucinich ich is all about l governmen

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24, 2008, Spotlight, Jan. gh School, Hi ll Francis Howe (Michele . Mo , les ar Ch . St er) Dunaway, advis

Volume 91, Issu

John McCain

one.” “Ready from day a Republican who believes that John McCain is entative state a stable and repres y.” America can create a top priority for “Help make histor working security is also care for all has spent her life in Iraq. National the Hillary Clinton in stands for health es, and she has candidate. McCa dual to have famili this and n allowing each indivi He believes in to support wome the United citizens, and also care. be President of own to d her or neede his n also experience College, Clinto more control over ’s borders and restricting illegal ate of Wellesley Yale, nation gradu A . the from States ating pride in being tightening School. After gradu in also takes great es. attended Yale Law immigration. McCa He believes limiting greenhouse children and famili will talist. an advocate for an environmen Clinton became n supplies can and then the middle dence on foreig for a n wants to streng gases, and depen able and nations proactive As president, Clinto all afford g e makin provid in in Iraq, and help lead the way class, end the war n American t. care for all 47 millio global environmen ent accessible health to be the presid takes it what n has Citizens. Clinto she has the plan needs right now; that the country lete her goals. ol Abuse and necessary to comp Institute on Alcoh the age to the National

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as y. Now.” for his effort “Tested. Read is best known s of Rudy Giuliani during the attack New York City over 23 city taxes the mayor of ed or eliminated a list Sept. 11. He reduc ent, Giuliani has If elected presid United during his term. people of the the to ts itmen in the of twelve comm on the offense keeping America and sing adoptions, States, including cutting taxes, increa that the American terrorists’ war, ons. He will ensure attacks or natural decreasing aborti ist prepared for terror he’s a proven leader community is ts, itmen comm s his disasters. Beside of a great city.

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but d relatively early, precincts finishe The caucu bee—had Some cts took a while. fo and Mike Hucka other, larger precin Huckabee was i, John McCain around 9:00 when ney, Rudy Gulian that evening. r that finished at on their behalf s received speake people speaking By Nate Roger high attende s winner. most excitably and senior famou s, the the of famou bee; ts g of Mike Hucka Opinion Editor Several studen Janu- The most was excited to Senior High on speaking on behalf cheered wildly as Norris stood senior, said he was a Dodge h Fort night, said Duel, at y He alive er Count . The crowd gym floor Zach Norris was there. Democracy came ng played host to the Webst im actor Chuck Norris the senior high’s had heard Chuck buildi and that he was with his wife on ary 3, when the rt Huckabee. Norris the caucus went very well l election of 2008. to the podium uing to atte s for the genera s-goers to suppo se it the Republi- up rage the caucu He plans on contin to the cau y caucus becau Republican caucu caucus was for members of run as to encou the experience. Webster Count went the him to go, and er student that he came to the The purpose of e the party should asked that Anoth believ . had to said ign they in future the on who be held is too young bee campa can party to vote d. Although Fink election that will where the Hucka the ver they wante k Obama was candidate for the up into Maria Fink. to the speakers and observed ses were Barac happy to go where its presidential es, the people broke to listen Repub- he was s to their pre victors of the caucu opening speech in within the went with her parent Huckabee for the November. The After the short areas they live inded Re the caucus, going Party, and Mike precincts. The ing to see like-m districts—they for the Democratic their different found it intrigu cts—or, voting oints an cular. A huge crowd county determined what precin ct groups were set up in the she er, yet still have differing viewp ing lican Party. caucus was specta attend togeth precin around r. the nt on at for t Cente . She plans The turnou d the gymnasium County belonged to. The differe Theatre, and the Student about them openly members packe er Little of age. from their people of excited party the stands. Webst caucus gym, cafeteria, the when she comes collecting ballots both sides of the dieck brought 6:30 p.m., filling precinct went about erson Tina Kasten rs. Many Each Republican chairp introduced the evening’s speake Rom- in a different way. and including Mitt to relative order lican candidates— of the major Repub

MO 633 04 St. Ch arle s,

Communication: Journalism Education Today • 17

Involvement

The bright lights and big stars, ranging from Chelsea Clinton to Martin Luther King, III, surrounded us on every side. I was elbowing the guy from Time to my left and the guy from the New York Times, with his telescopic lens, to my right for a good shot. The three titans — Hillary Clinton, Barack Obama and John Edwards — came out, and the stage lit up with flashes with the sound of shutters making me feel as though I was with an artillery battalion shooting machine guns in Iraq.

W

hen we were told to cease fire, we fought gallantly for the few remaining shots. I left feeling proud and dignified, like a soldier who helped win the decisive battle in the war. I got my picture. But before I put my lens cap back on, I made sure to get a “high five” from Dave Chappelle, the popular comedian. Through ambition in journalism, at the state, local and national levels, I was afforded the opportunity to cover the 2008 Democratic Presidential Primary Debate, sponsored by CNN and the Congressional Black Caucus in Myrtle Beach, S.C. Now let’s rewind. I never even wanted to get into journalism. After an accidental introduction to journalism my freshman year in Pennsylvania, I decided to continue the course for its boost to my GPA, but it was in my sophomore year when I began to love this field. I was promoted from assistant news editor to news editor and later to editor. I had become the youngest EIC in my school’s history. My comfort zone on that staff was put in the blender when my parents decided to move to South Carolina. I compiled my clippings and was put on my new high school’s staff as managing editor. Now, as a senior, I am the editorin-chief of my new high school’s paper However, my adviser, Martha Herring, knew there was more for me to do. I’ll never forget the first time we sat down and she said, “Tony you’re going to major in journalism.” It was at a similar setting where she told me that I should get a job with a local paper. I made my phone calls, and the publisher of the Horry Independent wanted an interview. He said the open spot had been filled, but that there was a special project he wanted me to start on, The Carolina Forest Chronicle. The Chronicle, now the largest weekly paper in

18 • Communication: Journalism Education Today

Horry County, distributes about 20,000 free copies in addition to paid subscriptions. I started writing articles for them at the birth of the paper in November 2007. Since then, I feel as though I somehow am rejuvenating the dying animal that I hold so dearly to my heart — the printed press. During the last five months on staff, I have covered bomb threats at Wal-Mart, new business openings, a Little League baseball team of 10-year-olds, ranked the best in the nation with pitchers who throw 60 mph, and other happenings in the community. None of these stories, however, compares to coverage of the Democratic Debate. It was a night that I was able to cover the passion I’ve had since I was 7 and decided to write to then President Clinton. Now I cover politics. After grabbing the pictures of the candidates in the debate hall and roughing it up with the guys from Time and The New York Times, the night still wasn’t over. After watching the debate on large flat-screen televisions in Phillips Seafood Restaurant, the traveling press pool went back to the debate hall to the spin room. There, I interviewed three U.S. senators, two members of the U.S. House of Representatives and a few others. Journalism has empowered me far beyond my wildest dreams. In addition to informing the public, I open the world to my readers. I have the confidence to succeed. With SIPA, I have the ability to mold and to perfect the skills and talents of young journalists in 13 states. I have a love that has given me everything. This experience has changed my life. I have journalism. n Anthony Miller, editor-in-chief, The Prowler Carolina Forest High School, Myrtle Beach, S.C. (Martha Herring, adviser)

Fall 2008

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y Name: Mitt Romne old Name: Ron Paul Age: 60 years n t, MI old Name: John McCai Age: 72 years Birthplace: Detroi Ann rgh, PA d to old Huckabee Name: Mike Age: 71 years Birthplace: Pittsbu Carol Family: Marrie a Canal d to old Giuliani ve children Name: Rudy Age: 52 years Birthplace: Panam Family: Marrie Davies with fi a five children : Barack Obam lace: Hope, AK n: Mormon 63 years old with Name Age: Birthp Zone Paul Religio ich yn, NY m tant old d to Janet d twice, Kucini Age: 46 years Birthplace: Brookl Family: Marrie Family: Marrie Religion: Protes burg Education: BrighaB.A., Name: Dennis ulu, HI Hensd three sity, old Gravel Birthplace: Honol MiFamily: Marrie Huckabee currently to Cindy Education: Gettys Duke Young Univer Name: Mike Age: 60 years ds o,IL t d to children University, 1957; tly to Judi Naold Family: Marrie times, curren Religion: Baptis ita ley, with seven College, B.A., 1971; Harvard Name: John Edwar Age: 77 years Birthplace: Chicag e, field, 1961 children palian on with two d twic old Clinton chelle Robins than, with three Education: Ouach B.A., Religion: Episco University, M.D., M.B.A., J.D., 1975 Age: 54 years Birthplace: Spring Family: Marrie Name: Hillary h Catholic , SC Naval eth ence: ence: sity, old daughters Religion: Roman ttan Baptist Univer Education: U.S. Political experi Political experi Birthplace: Seneca ElizaMA currently to Elizab ughter Age: 60 years ian nor of 1958; Nao, IL d to estern Baptist d to Whitt U.S. repreone dau Religion: Christ bia Uni- Education: Manha New 1975; Southw Academy, B.S., •1996-presen •2002-2006 Gover Family: Marrie Family: Marrie Harper, with Birthplace: Chicag Bill holic 1974 ary, four e, two Cath 1965; Texas with d to Education: ColumHarvard College, A.B., Theological Semin tional War Colleg sentative from Massachusetts beth Edwards ney Stewart with Religion: Roman stern Family: Marrie Law represenence: sements: Wes 1983; one daughter versity, B.A., York University 1976-80 Political experi •1979-1985 U.S. Celebrity endor Whitchildren children Education: Case B.A. Clinton with 1991 ence: dist ian sity, t U.S. Senator Meg dist University, J.D., School, J.D., 1968 Political experi •1986-presen tative from Texas CEO of eBay Religion: Metho CaroReligion: Unitar bia Reserve Univer Religion: Metho ley nor of ence: ence: sement: Intel Paul Political experi Political experi •1996-2007 Gover from Arizona Celebrity endor man, CEO of Education: North B.S., Education: Colum and M.A., 1973 r Education: Welles Yale : enof 1969; present U.S. senato - 2001 Mayor sas 1987 U.S. repres i sity, B.S., 1956 Mayer al experience: State University, •2004•1993 Arkan •1983John Otellin lina Univer Politic College, B.A., f a nant of North bidfor ence: School, from Illinois New York City •1993-1996 Lieute sas tative from Arizon r at the 1974; University Political experi •2004 Launched ent University Law tial state Attorney senator 1977 •1997-2005 Illinois •1983-1989 U.S. governor of Arkan •1977-1981 Directo Office Abortion: Abortion: Carolina, J.D., •1969-1981 U.S. Democratic presid J.D., 1973 n rights sement: rn District of ence: g advocate Liaison ence: senator for the Southe Celebrity endor Navy Senate •“Unwaverin •Opposes abortio Political experi vice from Alaska nomination Political experi presement: er of sement: of rape, pro-family ratic t U.S. rep t U.S. senator Celebrity endor New York actor Chuck Norris Celebrity endor of pro-life and except in cases •2004 Democ •1963-1966 Memb •1996-presen •2000-presen ate atate works SKG y Ohio of Represenprotect the Oprah Winfre •1981-1983 Associ third Chair of Dream values” incest and to presidential candid Alaska House sentative from from New York ator n to be r sena Senator l, the Lady of torney genera Abortion: Roger Enrico •Considers abortio , but a life of the mothe rted •1998-2004 U.S. tatives •1995-1996 State •1992-2000 First the rning the a in in n matter Abortion: highest positio •Believes in overtu not a federal •Previously suppoa 1994 from North Carolin •1951-1954 Agent Intelin Ohio the United States t: rights of Justice sements: Mayor of Counter endorsemen rights as orts abortion tment on: Wade n endor rity matter 1979 v. Army •Supp rity Depar Roe Aborti local abortio Celeb U.S. •1977Celeb utional n rights, sement: director ate na, Janet Gay marriage: Celebrity endor •Supports constit g it •Opposes abortio Gay marriage: Senate candid actor Ben Stiller, ligence Corps Cleveland 50 Cent, Madon ent: ex marof rape, sement: seme nition of r, billionaire a Stewart •Opposes same-s Adam Sandle amendment bannin unless in cases •Supports defi Gay marriage: Oliver Stone Celebrity endor Celebrity endor Jackson, Marth l and n man t the ex maropposes a e Hall riage, but also Steve Forbes Gay marriage: incest, or to protec marriage as betwee •Opposes same-s actor Mark Ruffalo actresses Deirdr tutional l ban on constitutiona •Supports Consti mother’s life and woman riages Abortion: Shelley Morris Abortion: ing the unions n rights ning marunions n rights •Supports civil Abortion: amendment defi Gay marriage: •Opposes amend same•Opposes civil •Supports abortio Abortion: •Supports abortio decide n rights n rights n one man to ban on: War in Iraq: •Supports abortio riage as betwee •Says states should Constitution War in Iraq: Gay marriage: •Supports abortio Aborti Gay marriage: y ights ve, marmilitar ri ment of ex n ehensi withn ex mar•Opposed use Gay marriage: and one woma •Opposes amend ge sex marriage •Opposes troop •Opposes same-s •Supports compr educa•Supports abortio •Opposes same-s civil decide ge should be “covenant” marria ate sex rts in ge: state Iraq gay marria in ver t l propri each suppo marria force •Says but •Belie agains •Let drawa riage age-ap Gay riage age reden a man utional president’s nition of marria •Supports phased defined as betwee supmarriage •Supports defi War in Iraq: •Supported the •Opposes a constit g same- tion •Supports gay unions troops but ultinal troops man and a ing ourselves ployment of U.S. plan to and a woman, War in Iraq: marriage as a •Stop spread plan for additio amendment bannin Gay marriage: War on Iraq: •Says states shouldissue al sumn on ex marpartner12-point the sed Bush’s ports domestic •Supports a region ors woman too thin and focus in Iraq sex marriage •Supports same-s •Introduced a mately decide uding: •Oppo troops to benefits benefits for ca—bring utional ess inclu send additional ships and legal mit so Iraq’s neighb •Supports legal securing Ameri Education: riage plan to Congr •Opposes a constit g same- War in Iraq: of military ps ment and control s. troop ily amend local of couple use rs any militar ex bannin more e home for rawal Iraq same-s becom for partne -withd troops •Wants •Voted •Opposes amendment itted to rights of gay but now says orts withdrawing in Iraq: schools nancially comm Education: and equipment ork War in Iraq: fi War •Supp over force in Iraq, restricting the sex marriage ble Iraq more opin timeta e NCLB wo but ke” g and War •More fundin •Opposes setting stabilizing Iraq •Supports the -give contracting troops from Iraq •Wants to improv meet that was a “mista awing communities War in Iraq: ng bill awal that to check troops in Iraq of military accurate tests for troop withdr plan to •No withdrawal ble for back to Iraqis •Wants more posed war spendi by giving states •Supported withdr March War in Iraq: •Voted for use er naawal of requireready for othe by dismantle ed a plan to but now says if students are •Supported Bush •No setting timeta to rebuild Iraq, -cooperate with raq which includ or exceed testing exibilmost U.S. troops •Immediate withdr days force in Iraq, can troops the Ir diffl Ameri e U.S. 120 train nal voted college send additional withdrawal tions, to improv ies, al-Qaeda, and withdraw most ments additio 2008 all troops within truction she would have student plan to and science (factor knew then •Make math troops to Iraq Education: Iraqi Army -rebuild Iraq by March 2008 ity in measuring •Opposed Bush •Hand over recons ferently “if we uses) al priorbusiAmerican music and s, hou now” education a nationuality roads, school Education: •Wants more Education: Education: performance send additional contracts to Iraqi what we know s should rships to chilional control horizing ity, expand high-q unities, •Offer schola arts education •Believes parent •Give educat Interesting facts: Bain troops to Iraq nesses Education: •Supports de-aut al, the d rter of pary persons universa after school opport dren of militar •Strong suppo be able to choose back to parent •Romney founde ent Education: Education: •Wants free, the war lic r’s worker learning tment of er budget publ the costs of home school best for their plan to expand summ nel to pay for ents’ rights to school that’s •Abolish Depar Capital, an investm •Improve teache increase •Wants to re-ord e eduand high quality •Opposed Bush hild its charter ch school of return r and te more 1984 every g improv and in ions for to unities numbe /priva n ny, tion ies ion creatin the opport public and childre Educa compa ing condit priorit educat increase financial r schools states over as the r collaborain Iraq Interesting facts: •Expand charte America schools •Wants to focus ering functions to the •Romney took time for teache cation American troops tionconstituhas access to in Lake Orgae tuit ng facts: oyment •Obama taught •Believes NCLB support on empow Interesting facts: surgeon CEO of the Salt tion and planni to help •Wants to expand like •Plans to provid ionto •Phased redepl sity Interesting ine named ittee during at the Univer states must be a flight NCLB educat programs as the number of law but magaz d s Comm ool haul on higher tional cap •Time “value parent •Serve a nizing •Over pre-sch free and of Law of the in p their at high ts n Olympics Force in Iraq of Chicago School rst Giuliani as Person allowed to develo Interesting facts: as a in the U.S. Air the 2002 Winter all children learn Head Start millions of studen American troops rian for sal kinthe fi held •Obama was Year in 2001 own benchmarks” •McCain was •Ran as a Liberta levels •Supports univer state universities Education: n: d an in North rican to be states more support more Student opinio to a lot of African-Ame •Giuliani receive Interesting facts: prisoner of war president in 1988 •Wants to give dergarten Interesting facts: •Attract and the bass Harvard hood from years after rs and flexibility to a vegan “When it comes rats say, it’s president of the honorary knight in 2002 •Huckabee plays Capitol Vietnam for six resources and •Reform NCLB •Kucinich is outstanding teache y undern: shot down eth II a copy higher stuff the Democ They’ve Law Review Queen Elizab guitar in his band, his plane was Student opinio identify and reforms Interesting facts: is •Kucinich was principals with ble. reet he realgrew up three rst marriage name Wall Str hardly believa like the fact that •Obama’s father mother •Giuliani’s fi Offense •McCain has “I performing school •Gravel’s first editor for the the same salaries ng and we 2 he his Type n (one money after ce been recycli Child Left in Kenya while and over. I was annulled •Huckabee has adopted childre izes how much Interesting facts: actually Mauri Journal •Reform No s ered they arguments over d several on the War lost over 100 rst son, ch wasthe ) grew up in Kansa his wife discov Romney as a diabetes and from Bangladesh) were wasting •Edwards’s fi •Gravel founde •At 31, Kucini Behind (NCLB r definitely see ate because ations ever I agree that cousins 1996 were second pounds in 2004 on Drugs, and Wade, died in non-profit corpor youngest person ma Interesting facts: stronger candid n: n: Foundathe first should deof a ajor met Bill Clindeal Student opinio because Student opinio on the communities •Edwards was (The Democracy II, and elected mayor •Hillary first he’d be able to Iraq and ion because nt opinion: [stances rt Obama elphia Law Library opinion: his family to educat in his nt in Stude Yale on suppo Philad city like War “I the Stude “I cide person in the tion, U.S. ton now with ment he stands could bring I haven’t racy) economy “A big issue right and I I think that he “I like him but issues] and what most the federal govern what attend college Direct Democ help make the in the 1970s rt yet. the in Iraq, to te War the suppo First I n: the rst he’s change fi is manda who the most decided for. I think shouldn’t stronger.” Student opinio tha k, •Hillary is the out now is at I nt. He’s candin: . Although n: to the have to learn. think pulling -Stephen Kwole White House He’s very eloque to. It’s qualified of the people’s kids Student opinio Student opinio “The main reason chis because a Lady to be elected sophomore much on aborviews. I Gravel beirresponsible might take he wanted listen he does not have new really easy to dates…His stance stance I also like that “I really like his plan. “I support Mike like Dennis Kucini aa U.S. Senate his terrorist faction happened has rts to my Brady Bill.” care many strong experience, he very easy to follow tion is similar to abolish the like his health cause he has because he suppo sa power like what the plans that ndez, senior he explains most cost same-sex univer al n: in opinions and –Felipe Herna ideas the way on the issue.” I think it’s the views such as single-payer Student opinio in Afghanistan Giuliani] l very as his plan , freshman ...Ialso think he’s sal health Obama, rt will work, such them. He’s overal think –Marelle Cerven efficient. I really marriage, univer tion of health care system not “Compared to 1980s. [I suppo and he’s a and I inaliza against her promised that he’s n War in Iraq.” earth, table, has fact to the de-crim he actions the e for presen has down care, like becaus she d he opposand points.” until the tells it like -Elle Kirby, junior Hillary Clinhe makes good real person. He drugs, and firmly He very mainstream, ssure to stay the course words, and if senior the pres women ne Watterson, the war in Iraq. best job is done.” it is.” wouldn’t feel ton is president, iewski, ing der, senior –Julian what’s sourceslike rights.” -Jessica Kwasn -Danny Alexan seems to want from outside will have more ” sophomore y...” , freshman ates do.” for the countr major candid -Megha Kumar s ski,senior z, freshman ics –Caleb Kurow -Drew Mende CNN.com/polit photo illustration by Lauren Fuehrmeyer

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Compiled by Chels

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by Photo Illustrationsrson Mackenzie Helge

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Communication: Journalism Education Today • 19

Pete Souza was working on staff at the Chicago Tribune in 2005 when the photojournalist began documenting Barack Obama’s first term in the U.S. Senate. Three years later, after signing a book contract with Triumph Books in April, Souza had only four weeks to get The Rise of Barack Obama edited, designed, checked and printed. “The book is basically a visual documentation of the rise of his national career,” Souza told Katie Fretland in an interview for the Chicago Tribune’s Web site. The book, an insightful, behind-the-scenes look at the candidate, is available online and at bookstores. 20 • Communication: Journalism Education Today

Fall 2008

The Rise Photographers, like reporters, face challenges when covering politicians, not the least of which is access to the candidates and officeholders or the staged photo-op. “I love photographing politicians,” photographer Jesse Kalisher said. “They are dynamic folks, full of energy. More than that, every nuance has the chance to tell a story. And that’s ideally what I’m after — a gesture, a glance, something which helps tell a broader story of a politician’s life.” 1. Why would journalists want to cover politics/politicians routinely? Souza: These are men and women who make many of the decisions that affect our lives. I would encourage students to not necessarily just photograph national politicians but to start documenting their own local politicians. Often the access is better, and no one else is covering these politicians. I’d also urge them to not rely on just the politician’s public events but to strive to document their lives away from the podium.

2. What is the single biggest challenge in photographing politics/politicians routinely? Souza: The biggest challenge is getting access other than the routine fabricated “photo ops.”

3. What’s one person or event that you’ve covered in the political arena that sticks out in your mind? What makes it stand out? Souza: I’ve had the opportunity to document both President Reagan and Sen. Obama quite extensively. For Reagan, I did it as an insider; that is, I worked for the White House as an Official White House Photographer. So I got to see him up close and in numerous situations that weren’t open to any other photographers. When I began photographing Barack Obama in early 2005, I worked really hard to establish access with him since he was my “local” senator — at the time I was working for the Chicago Tribune. Now those pictures I took of him in 2005 and 2006 that no one else has, have become valuable, maybe historic, and have resulted in my book, The Rise of Barack Obama.

4. If you had one piece of advice for students considering being a photographer on a political beat, what advice would you give? Souza: Learn issues. Learn how to deal with people. Learn to accept “no” a lot, but don’t give up. n

Fall 2008

“As a photo subject, Obama was a natural. He didn’t have any overt camera awareness and went about his business as I went about mine. The way he interacted with his kids was very genuine. I tried to blend in and not be a nuisance, ….” Pete Souza

PETE SOUZA is a freelance photographer and assistant professor of photojournalism at Ohio University’s School of Visual Communication. He has worked as the national photographer for the Chicago Tribune, as a freelance photographer for National Geographic and Life magazines and as official White House photographer for President Ronald Reagan.

Communication: Journalism Education Today • 21

Media from all over the United States, like David Wright of ABC national news, center, and the world crammed onto risers at Reynolds Coliseum at North Carolina State University in Raleigh to hear presidential hopeful Sen. Barack Obama address a crowd after winning the North Carolina Primary. Photo by Corey Lowenstein, The News & Observer

Photo Op Excerpts by Susan Kismaric

From USA Today magazine, published in New York by the Society for the Advancement of Education, Nov. 1, 1994 •

In the 1800s, as photojournalism was beginning to take form, as popular values intersected with patriotism to create a folksy melange, candidates or officeholders were seen in the obligatory scene rife with the symbols of American culture — eating hot dogs, with or near a flag, greeting Indians. … These symbols are meant to reinforce people’s sense that the person pictured is “one of us,” a regular fellow who believes in the things we believe in, in addition to being a patriot whose civic duty calls him from on high.

•

Just as a politician could transform his image through canny manipulation of his appearance in a picture, a photographer could transfigure a politician merely by being present at an event.

•

The increased security surrounding political figures during the past 20 years has made it very difficult for photographers to gain access to them except in highly controlled situations. No longer can a cameraman move in close to capture an intimate, off-guard moment. For the most part, hordes of photographers with the same assignment to “get the pic” are kept behind barricades and controlled by police or hired security personnel as they wait for an event to be manufactured.

•

The photo opportunity, wherein the participants arrange themselves selfconsciously to be recorded by cameras, is a purposefully staged activity and may have little to do with anything that actuPhoto by Danie ally transpired. Commissioned photographers l Plassmann, The Herald (S.C.) encounter numerous and immense difficulties in their attempts to make meaningful photographs of politicians within this ritualized setting.

•

Over time, politicians wisely, then perhaps cynically, learned to protect themselves from the camera and use it to their own advantage. n

22 • Communication: Journalism Education Today

Presidential candidate Hillary Clinton speaks during a campaign event Jan. 25 at Freedom Center in Rock Hill, S.C.

Fall 2008

Backstage at Cary (N.C.) High School, Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton laughs at the introduction she receives at a town hall meeting hosted by momlogic.com May 3. After her first stop in Cary, she campaigned in Wake Forest, Gastonia and Mooresville.

Sen. Barack Obama relaxes with his staff backstage after a town hall meeting at the Raiford G. Trask Coliseum on the University of North Carolina campus in Wilmington April 28. Later he traveled to Wilson and concluded the first day of his two-day state visit at the UNC campus in Chapel Hill, where he held an early-vote rally.

On stage with former military generals, Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton stands out in the crowd at Methodist University in Fayetteville April 24. Later she traveled to Asheville to attend a “Solutions for America” event.

Nine days before the North Carolina primary, presidential hopeful Sen. Barack Obama checks with staff about whether he is clear to go on stage from a back room holding area. Volunteer Jess OwensShiplett, 28, of Wilmington, right, and other staff and secret service people are poised to follow him.

Photos of the North Carolina Democratic primary campaign by Corey Lowenstein, The News & Observer COREY LOWENSTEIN joined the staff of The News & Observer in 1996. At the time, she was the first woman in more than a decade to be a staff photographer at the Raleigh newspaper. Her work has also been published in The New York Times, Boston Globe, People Magazine, Time and Newsweek. Lowenstein has covered everything from sports and beauty pageants to “family values” rallies as well as traveling overseas to cover international stories that have touched her community. She has lived in a homeless shelter and camped on a tobacco farm for the summer. She said she believes the best part of being a photojournalist is being able to share moments that are overlooked or inaccessible to the public. Fall 2008

Communication: Journalism Education Today • 23

Photo by Jordan Nicholas

Roadhouse

Photo by Jordan Nicholas

Big crowds, long lines and a lot of noise were highlights of the scene at Barack Obama’s speech in Tampa, Fla., outside the St. Petersburg Times Forum. It was quite overwhelming for a first-time photographer assigned to capture visuals of a presidential candidate’s speech in his hometown.

O

nce inside the forum the experience changed. At the front were supporters, and behind them were reporters and other representatives of the press. Broadcast media and photographers were situated on an elevated platform behind a barricade roughly 20 feet from the podium where Sen. Obama delivered his speech. When the members of Obama’s party began to talk, it was a madhouse as photographers tried to find a good spot and avoid getting blocked by people who were in front of the press area. However, it was fun to see the crowd’s reactions to the powerful speech Obama gave and to take pictures of Obama speaking. It was exciting to cover such an event. The only stressful situation that came to me happened when I moved for a second and another photographer moved into the space where I had been. Also, when I started taking crowd shots, people caught on and looked

directly at me for a posed shot, which I do not use. Besides that, because photographers and the crowd were both situated on the base floor, being short did not help. The cheering crowd blocked me from taking pictures. I was surprised at some of the choreography. Staff members working on Obama’s campaign passed out signs that looked homemade but were not. They passed them out to people in the stands. A couple of Obama’s signature “Change” posters went to the base area crowd. Unfortunately I was not able to find any Hillsborough High students, current or former, to showcase student participation. Overall it was a truly great experience, something that I hope to partake in the near future. n Stephen Solorzano, photographer Hillsborough Senior High School, Tampa, Fla. (Joe Humphrey, adviser)

Photo by Danie l Plassmann, The Herald (S.C.) Photo by Danie l Plassmann, The Herald (S.C.)

24 • Communication: Journalism Education Today

Fall 2008

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