Nevada Rancher Magazine by Winnemucca Publishing

Oldest Independent Livestock Monthly in Nevada $2.00

Kennedy Ranch-Homegrown Meats McDermitt Ranch Rodeo Results Explore the Black Rock Crossing Controlling Cheat Grass

Also inside:

August, 2018

Volume XLVIII, Number 8

FiRe? DRougHt?

WE’VE GoT yoU CoVEREd

Fight Back

grass Fire

Against Lack of Rainfall With PRF!

Coverage

WsR’s Pasture, Rangeland & Forage (PRF) Program helps pay your bills during a lack of rainfall!

CoVeRAge Limits

Max limit per account $250,000 $5,000,000 cap per State • Policy is a year-round coverage • 14-day waiting period • Rate is from $12.50 per AU includes mortality coverage (call about sheep)

Policy can be written in all states. Minimum price for both Fire and Mortality is $3,000. WSR has exclusive access in following States: CA, NV, oR, WA, Id, AZ, UT

CuRRent PRogRAms • Pasture, Rangeland & Forage (PRF) NO RANCHER PREMIUM DUE AT SIGNING! • Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) • New Western States Grass Fire Insurance Program, covering BLM, Forest Service and Private Ground

“We are very happy with the results of the PRF program over the past four years. It has become part of our management strategy here on the ranch. Give WSR a call today.” Likely Land and Livestock

over

years CA Lic #0B48084

ENdoRSEd By

Jim Vann Quinn mader jimv@wsrins.com quinnm@wsrins.com (530) 218-3379 (775) 304-3090

IT’S A PROGRAM.

PERFORMANCE HEREFORD GENETICS

S ELLING 55 GL B ULLS BOTH HORNED AND POLLED

S EPTEMBER 11, 2018

n!AT THE RANCH IN o i t a c o ew L

M INDEN , NV

led

CED BW WW YW M Marb REA $BMI $CHB

+1.6 +3.5 +72 +116 +19 +0.25 +0.45 +$25 +$35

CED BW WW YW M Marb REA $BMI $CHB

GENOA YORK Y02 17013 • 43781453

+4.1 +2.6 +55 +83 +27 +0.26 +0.54 +$21 +$31

GENOA DOMINO 3053 17061 • 43783089

CED BW WW YW M Marb REA $BMI $CHB

EPD *Trait is measured in the Top 25% or better of the breed as of 7/9.

led

+3.6 +1.4 +56 +96 +30 +0.29 +0.49 +$31 +$36

CED BW WW YW M Marb REA $BMI $CHB

GENOA TRUST 100W 17079 • 43789353

+9.5 +1.4 +59 +99 +21 +0.19 +0.43 +$20 +$28

lle

GENOA DOMINO 215Z 17035 • 43782190

CED BW WW YW M Marb REA $BMI $CHB

+1.4 +4.0 +63 +103 +31 +0.30 +0.62 +$29 +$31

GENOA HOMETOWN 10Y 17089 • 43783110

+3.1 +1.8 +55 +83 +36 +0.26 +0.49 +$23 +$31

GENOA SENSATION 028X 17139 • 43783266

LET US HELP YOUR TRIP TO NV! ALL SALE BULLS DELIVERED WITHIN 250 MILES • BUYERS WANTING THEIR BULLS TO STAY AT GL CAN DO SO FOR 60 DAYS AT NO CHARGE BUYERS WILL BE REIMBURSED FOR THEIR NIGHT’S STAY AT EITHER THE CARSON VALLEY INN OR THE HOLIDAY INN EXPRESS - SPECIAL RATES ARE ALSO AVAILABLE. View and bid live on

Matt Macfarlane Marketing 916-803-3113 m3cattlemarketing@gmail.com

T UESDAY , S EPTEMBER 11, 2018 SCHEDULE OF EVENTS 12:00 PM - BULLS ON DISPLAY/BUFFET LUNCH 3:00 PM • LIVE AUCTION VIDEO SALE 5:30 PM • A PRIME RIB DINNER AND MUSIC BY DAVID JOHN AND THE COMSTOCK COWBOYS

F OR

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640 Genoa Lane • Minden, NV 89423 Office 775-782-3336 • Bob Coker 916-539-1987 Chris Beck 618-367-5397 info@genoalivestock.com

Just a Note..... Hello Friends!

Subscribe today for Just $16 per year!

(775) 623-5011

The Nevada Rancher (ISSN 0047-9489) (USPS #003-257) published monthly at Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445

It seems like this Summer has flown by. The past month I have been lucky enough to do a bit of traveling. I do love the Nevada Desert and our sagebrush sea but, those Idaho crops are so refreshingly green. I envy the amount of water that flows through their valleys. In additon to crossing the state line, I attended the Western Video Market sale at the Nugget. The market was good and the meals were delicious. It is nice putting faces to names while meeting new people and reconnecting with old friends. Next, on the list of events is the Superior Livestock Sale in Winnemucca, NV. I will be working the Western Arts and Craft show so, come say Hi! To stay up to date on the current nationwide fires here is the site address, https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/. Tragically, many of my neighbors were affected by the Mar-

tin Fire. My father is on the Paradise Valley Volunteer Fire Department and was one of the first on the scene. People’s lack of common sense continues to amaze me. I am leasing a pasture that was in line of the Martin Fire but thankfully the road acted as a fire break. I would never wish those feelings on my worst enemy. I hope everyones livestock are happily grazing and that you were able to enjoy the wildflowers. I pray that the fire season dies down and that your haying equipment doesn’t breakdown. I hope you enjoy this issue! -Ashley

Call us toll free at (866) 644-5011 Periodical Postage Paid at Winnemucca, 89445

Publisher, Peter Bernhard Editor, Ashley Buckingham Staff Writer, Jennifer Whiteley Contributors, Heather Smith Thomas, Jolyn Young, Michelle Cook, Mike Popovitch, Sarah Hummel, Shanna Cummings and Eric Holland Sales Representative Ashley Buckingham Office Manager, Tracy Wadley Production Manager, Joe Plummer Graphic Designer, Emily Swindle The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for statements by advertisers nor products advertised within, and The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for opinions expressed in articles submitted for publication. The publisher reserves the right to accept or reject advertising or editorial material submitted for publication. Contents in The Nevada Rancher may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including, but not limited to original contents and original composition of all ads (layout and artwork) without prior written permission. Subscription rate: $16.00 per year.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: The Nevada Rancher, Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445

WINNEMUCCA PUBLISHING 4 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Cover Photo: Hezzi McGarva in the Horse Roping event at the 2018 4th of July McDermitt Ranch Rodeo Photo by: Nicole Poyo nicolepoyo.com

In this issue: Kennedy Homegrown Meats pg 10 Sustainability Series: Technology pg 14 Cheat Grass Control pg 18 Cowgirl Heroine: Irene Walther pg 20 McDermitt Ranch Rodeo Results pg 42 Cartoon by Erik Holland

AUCTION SCHEDULE

The Urban Cowboy Reunion

MONDAY, July 30

The Urban Cowboy Reunion featuring Mickey Gilley and Johnny Lee. These two country music legends will give you an experience to remember as they bring back some of their chart topping songs completed with memories of the 1980 hit movie, Urban Cowboy. Sharing 10 years of their music careers together, these two are sure to put on an incredible show.

Broadcast Live from Superior Livestock’s Studio Fort Worth, TX Superior Sunrise @ 7:30 am Video Auction @ 8:00 am (CDT)

WEDNESDAY, August 1

Superior Sunrise @ 7:30 am Video Auction @ 8:00 am (PDT) Following The Auction19th Annual Superior Livestock Cowboy Golf Tournament

Kevin Davis & Trinity Seely

THURSDAY, August 2

Superior Sunrise @ 7:30 Video Auction @ 8:00 am (PDT) 6:00 pm (PDT) - Steak Cookout Featuring: The Urban Cowboy Reunion, Kevin Davis/ Trinity Seely & Waylon Thibodeaux

FRIDAY, august 3

Superior Sunrise @ 7:30 am Video Auction @ 8:00 am (PDT) 8:00 pm Superior Livestock Customer Social at Ormachae’s Live Music from: Waylon Thibodeaux

This singer/song writer duo shares their passion for the western lifestyle and their music strikes a cord with those who live it. Their music and storytelling are as much a part of working on a ranch as the saddle is to riding a horse.

Waylon Thibodeaux

‘Bayou Country’ native Waylon Thibodeaux has been dubbed “Louisiana’s Rockin Fiddler”. Today, this talented, self-taught Cajun musician has gained a notable reputation as one of Louisiana’s best known recording artists.

www.superiorlivestock.com

800•422•2117

800•523•6610 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 5

l a n r u o j

RANCH RANCH

journal

Some of the latest items for the western ranching lifestyle

J.M Capriola’s

The perfect sweaters. NEW styles coming in August.

Josie Nash Silver

Make a statement with a scarf slide. Each piece is inspired by America’s diverse western culture and designs.

You can find Josie on Facebook & Instagram @josienashsilver or www.josienash.com

www.capriolas.com 500 Commercial St. Elko, NV Interested in having your item featured as part of our Ranch Journal? Contact Ashley Buckingham at (775) 304-8814 6 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

September 14

and

15, 2018

Elko County Fairgrounds ••• Elko, Nevada

22ND ANNUAL

Production Sale Friday

Saturday

12:00 pm: PREVIEW OF RIDING HORSES

8:00 am: PREVIEW OF RIDING HORSES

(3 and Up)

5:00 pm: YOUTH BRANDING

(All)

1:00 pm: AUCTION Steve Friskup – Auctioneer

Friday and Saturday Previews, and the Sale will be Webcast Live.

Absentee Bidding via Phone and Internet available. Selling 5 working ranch dogs during the auction.

www.VanNormanSale.com For more information contact Linda Bunch 775-756-6508 ••• [cell] 775-934-7404 ••• mrsbunch@rtci.net THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 7

Irene “Joy” Fullenwider Born in Glendale, Arizona November 03, 1923 Home with our Lord Jesus June 23, 2018 “Joy” as everyone knew her was the true essence of a Pioneer Woman. Joy, a daughter, mother, grandmothe r, great grandmother as well as a great great grandmother, strong willed, loved and admired by all who knew her. Joy was born the daughter of William Hamilton Eubank and Margurette Kenny Brooks. She had one sister Jacque who proceeded her in death. Her primary schooling was in rural northern Arizona, until a big drought moved them to California, where she graduated high school in King City, CA. She enlisted in the Woman’s Air Corps, during WWII. Humboldt County NV ranchers, Joy and her husband and life companion, John “Jack” Fullenwider were married 43 years, until Jacks death in 2003. For those who knew them, their legacy together was their love of one another and them dancing the night and wee morning hours away. Joy is survived by two children; Clyde Wayland and Jan Buckmaster and three step-children; Lillian Marciel, John Fullenwider and Laura Robinson, 12 grandchildren, 8 great grandchildren and 2 great great grandchildren, as well as many nieces and nephews. The family will be hosting a celebration of her life on July 21, 2018 at the Boys and Girls Club of Winnemucca, 1973 Whitworth Way. The service will begin promptly at 10 am. In lieu of sending flowers or gifts, the family requests that you donate to your favorite charity in her memory.

8 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Gordon F. Stimmel Gordon F. Stimmel, a retired Kooskia Idaho area rancher and outfitter and Juliaetta resident, died of complications of diabetes Tuesday at St. Joseph Regional Medical Center at Lewiston. He was 77. He and his wife Barbara moved to Kooskia in 1950 and he bought an outfitting business in Area 10, in the Fourth of July Creek drainage of the North Fork of the Clearwater River. The son of Frank and Lillian Foster Stimmel, he was born June 1, 1914, at Cliffs, Idaho, in Owyhee County. He was raised on the family ranch until the age of 9, when his father died. After his father’s death, he went to live with an aunt at Homedale, Idaho, where he attended school. At about the age of 10, he began working in cow camps for several years and later came to Moscow, where he graduated from high school in 1936. As a young man, he worked in a mercury mine in Black Butte, Ore. During World War II, he worked in the shipyards at Vancouver, Wash. An early marriage ended in his wife’s death. A second marriage ended in divorce.He and Barbara Marie Hammer were married May 6, 1945, at Vancouver. The couple moved to Nampa in 1946 and then to Kooskia in 1950. In addition to operating the outfitting business, he also ran ranches in the Kooskia and Mountain Home areas.The couple moved from Kooskia to Mountain Home in 1980 and she died in 1981. He sold the outfitting business in 1986 and moved to Juliaetta, where he raised cattle and mules.In later years, he enjoyed helping the Harlan Opdahl family with their annual Lewis-Clark Trail Rides. He also enjoyed the mountains. Survivors include two daughters, Sylvia Tippins of Albuquerque, N.M., and Tara Brice of Joseph, Ore.; a son, Marvin Stimmel of Juliaetta; a brother, Lester Stimmel of Grants Pass, Ore.; 13 grandchildren and 16 great-grandchildren.A brother and a sister died previously.

Tim Delong

Tim DeLong 8/18/43 6/30/18 We are saddened to inform you that Tim DeLong passed away on June 30th. Our prayers and thoughts go out to Tim’s family and friends. The Delong Family has said that in lieu of flowers, donations can be made to: “Rope for Hope” P.O Box 328

Winnemucca NV 89445 OR “The LaRena Smith Begoa Cancer Walk C/O Mary Bengoa 1200 Skyline Blvd Battle Mtn. NV 89820

A Celebration of Life will be held on August 14th at 4pm in the Winnemucca Events Center

June L. (Wilde) Rolfe June 22, 1922 - April 26, 2018 June Louise (Wilde) Rolfe, 95, peacefully passed away at The Springs Assisted Living facility in The Dalles, Ore. She was born June 22, 1922, in The Dalles, the only child of George and Fern (Wegener) Wilde. She grew up and attended schools in Wasco, Ore. graduating as class valedictorian in 1940. She was always proud of being Sherman County’s first fair queen. She worked for the Ag County Agent in Moro, Ore., until eloping to Great Lakes Naval Station to marry Willard “Bill” Rolfe in 1942.When Bill went overseas she moved back to Portland, Ore., where she lived with her mother and had their first child. At the end of WWII, Bill and June moved to the family ranch in Grass Valley where they raised wheat, cattle, and their children. June was involved in The Rebekah’s, Scouts and 4-H. In 1966 they purchased their first purebred Angus cattle and exhibited at local, regional and national shows. In 1980 they moved to “town” overlooking Grass Valley, Ore., where they set up a new household and beautiful garden, having at one time over 150 roses. June loved her flowers and could be found most days on her hands and knees working in her yard. She continued to mow her own lawn and purchased new geraniums and petunias each spring. June and Bill renewed their wedding vows on their 60th anniversary at the Moro church. Bill passed in August 2007, but June didn’t want to leave the home and garden where they had worked and enjoyed so much time together. When her health required it, June moved to The Springs at Mill Creek in October 2015, where she made many new friends and renewed old acquaintances. She was in great care and comfort thanks to the staff at The Springs and the wonderful help of Heart of Hospice. June is survived by sons, Daniel, Steve (Helen), Fred (Nancy), and daughter, Sheri (Gary) Carlson; grandchildren Laura, Danny, Andrea, Chris, Jeremy, GeGe, John, Billi, Megan and Tom; 13 great grandchildren: Owen, Juliette, Nicholas, Halle, Josiah, Dallas, Ashley, Jaydon, Will, Micaela, Magdalena, Leslie and Benjamin; great-great granddaughter Ryen. She was preceded in death by her husband of 64 years, her parents, and daughter “Kit”. Memorial donations may be made in June’s name to the Grass Valley Pavilion Restoration Fund.

Heavenly Father, I pause, mindful of the many blessings You have bestowed upon me. I ask that You will guide me in my life. Help me, Lord, to live my life in such manner that when I make that last ride to the country up there, where the grass grows lush and the water runs cool, that You’ll take me by the hand and say, “Welcome home, your new trail begins here.”

Dunnigan David Ross Neilson July 6, 1949-April 23, 2018 Dunnigan David Ross Neilson passed away unexpectedly, Monday, April 23, in his Dunnigan home, in the company of his loving wife Sheri Neilson. David and Sheri recently celebrated Easter at their ranch in Dunnigan, along with their children, Chris and Marta Neilson; Andrea and Mark Bell; Richard and Katie Greves; April and Andrew Donald; grandchildren, Jack and Maxx Neilson; Jake and Quinn Bell; Olivia, Harper and Cora Greves; Piper, Lachlan and Hamish Donald; aunt Hazel Peterson; botherin-law Bill Bickel; and extended family and friends. Other surviving relatives include his sister Marsha Dryden and husband Richard; his daughter Michele Machholz and child Ansel; his son Ross Greves, wife Jocelyn, and children Ross and Allison; and aunt Dolores Neilson. David was born in Woodland, and lived the rest of his life in Yolo County, growing up in Esparto, and then moving to Woodland. He attended Esparto High School and graduated from Woodland High School in 1967. He attended Cal Poly University in San Luis Obispo and earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Agricultural Engineering. He attended the University of Idaho in Moscow, Idaho, and earned a Master of Science degree in Agricultural Engineering. He started and managed a business in Woodland, American International Manufacturing, which designed and manufactured large scale food processing equipment. He later started and operated a farm, Buckeye Creek Farm, which produced blueberries, olives and derivative products. He worked from his late teens to the day he passed. He was a life member of the NRA. David had traveled the world in the company of Sheri. They visited all continents together including Antarctica. He was a sportsman and had gone on safari in Africa multiple times. His trophy room is diverse and includes animals from the American Bison and Elk to the African Kudo and Warthog. David is preceded in death by his parents, Fred and Nell Neilson; grandparents, Fred and Wilhelmina Neilson, Clarence and Bessie Flesher; and sister, Sue Bickel. There will be a viewing Monday, April 30, from 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. at McNary’s Chapel, 458 College St.; followed by a private graveside service, Tuesday, May 1, at Capay Cemetery; and a reception, open to all, from 4:00 to 7:00 p.m. at Heidrick Ag Museum 1962 Hays Ln., Woodland. In lieu of flowers, etc., please make a donation to the National Rifle Association (NRA) in David’s name.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 9

Home-Grown Meats By Jennifer Whiteley Nevada Rancher Magazine

Lamoille, Nev.-The Kennedy Ranch is a fourth-generation cattle ranch located in Lamoille, Nevada. “The Kennedy Ranch was established in the 1930’s when my grandfather purchased a ranch that was headquartered right at the entrance to the town of Lamoille. He and his wife were both from ranching families that were very early residents of Clover Valley. My dad grew the ranch by purchasing the Hankins-Bellenger, also in Lamoille, and part of the Boyd Ranch between Elko Mountain and the Humboldt River. Over time, as he aged, he sold part of the ranch to the Dorsa/Eberts/Fiddes group, and part to Frank and Phyllis Hooper. He kept the prettiest part of it and ran a smaller ranch until he died. These days the ranch is pretty much run in two parts.

Photo courtesy of the Kennedy Family

Background picture: George Kennedy and his cows on the old ranch. The Kennedy Ranch was established in the 1930’s when George purchased a ranch that was headquartered right at the entrance to the town of Lamoille.

Home-grown Angus beef and pastureraised poultry. Just the way you want it. Delicious and all natural!

Lance and Amy Vezane run our cow-calf operation very traditionally, and they do a great job with it. My husband Ken Hirst and I run the beef finishing operation, the poultry operation, and do the marketing.” Explains Sue Kennedy. “We believe that people can do good by eating well, and that it’s important for people to know where their food comes from. We welcome visitors to come to our place, to meet the critters and to see how sustainable ranching can save the earth, one great meal at a time.” The Kennedy Ranch offers very high-quality grass finished beef, both as custom beef and by the pound at the farmer’s market and through their CSA (Community Supported Agriculture, essentially, it’s a buyer’s club for a farm/ ranch). “We raise pastured chickens and turkeys, which we process at our ranch under state license. We have a small flock of laying hens that make our customers smile in the morning, and we offer jellies and fruit butters, mostly at our farmer’s market booth. They make for a very pretty display and serve to invite people into our booth.” Kennedy explains “The Lamoille Farmer’s Market is an outgrowth of the pickup days we used to hold monthly for our Kennedy Ranch CSA customers. I used to invite a couple of other local producers to set up with us so that our CSA customers could easily access other local products. It all used to be very low key… it still is but it’s ‘bigger’ low key! We started doing CSA pickup days 6 years ago or so. We’ve been a full-fledged farmer’s market for about three years. We’ve tried to make it more representative of the wide variety of agricultural products produced locally. Most people are familiar with the traditional cow-calf ranches that populate this area, and the various operations growing hay.

Photo courtesy of the Kennedy Family

Made a fresh batch of elderberry jelly for the Lamoille Farmers Market. Kennedy explains “We offer jellies and fruit butters, mostly at our farmer’s market booth. They make for a very pretty display and serve to invite people into our booth.”

Photo courtesy of the Kennedy Family

10 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

“We feed our calves good grass hay, some of which we raise ourselves on our land in Lamoille, some of which we buy from our neighbors. That means they get good, tasty protein-filled feed year-round.” Explains Kennedy.

Photo courtesy of the Kennedy Family

Dan Kennedy (Sue Kennedy’s father) branding one of the neighbors’ steers. Branding was a community event. Kennedy remembers “when I was a kid we all helped each other with branding, followed by a big picnic.”

People are less familiar with the producers growing vegetables at a commercial scale, or producing honey, or artisanal cheese, or local wool products. Lamoille used to be a garden center, and we’d like to bring that diversity back to public notice. We have about nine regular local producers who participate now and offer most of the things you can buy fresh at the grocery store, depending on what’s in season. Guests can regularly get vegetables, home-made bread, local honey, artisanal cheese, eggs, beef, chicken, dog treats, and jellies made from locally grown/ gathered fruits and berries. They can also bring home handcrafts made from locally grown wool, locally produced yarn, beeswax products like lip balms and candles, and goats milk soaps and lotions. Seasonally we also have producers selling apples, plums and peaches, home grown pork and home-grown lamb. All of it is produced here in Elko County, other than the fruit which comes from the next county over. We don’t have anyone who offers fish, but at some point, somebody will think aquaculture is a great idea here in the middle of the desert.” The Kennedy Ranch opted to go the grass finished, antibiotic free route as Kennedy explains, “When Dad died his small ranch was split between my sister and me, and I had a choice of selling out or trying to make the even smaller ranch work economically. It

was clear that we weren’t sustainable as the traditional cow-calf operation that Dad ran, and so I started looking at options. Production ranching is a commodity business. We buy inputs at commodity prices, and we sell for commodity prices. That means that the people on either end of that equation are making the money and we aren’t. By opting out of part of that equation – by selling direct at prices I set rather than for the commodity price the market dictates – I have a shot at making the numbers work. It still isn’t at all easy – selling direct is a whole lot more work and it certainly isn’t for everyone - but the numbers are adding up, and I think my dad would be happy with how it’s all turning out. The real key is quality. If I’m going to charge a super-premium price, then I must have a super-premium product. It’s taken some time and investment in genetics and management infrastructure – and frankly a WHOLE lot of trial and a lot of error – but we are raising exceptional beef, chickens and turkeys. The loyalty of our customers speaks pretty loudly in that regard.” Kennedy proudly exclaims “We serve our community by providing delicious, ethically produced beef, chickens and turkeys, all raised in the sunshine on Lamoille Valley grass. We also manage the Lamoille Farmer’s Market, so that local folks have a fun, convenient and family friendly way of providing exceptional food for their tables.”

Photo courtesy of the Kennedy Family

Below: Pasture raised turkeys enjoy the freedom to peck free choice. Kennedy Ranch is takes reservations for big, beautiful holiday turkeys.

Photo courtesy of the Kennedy Family

Above: “Here locally Luciano’s buys fresh chickens from us in the summer and uses them to create very popular weekly specials. Campo in Reno and Sparks has started using Kennedy Ranch chickens and turkeys exclusively. Adele’s in Carson City uses Kennedy Ranch chicken in monthly specials, and Tahoe-area caterer Butter + Salt is using Kennedy Ranch chickens and turkeys exclusively for the first time this year.” Explains Kennedy.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 11

Tips for Cooking Grass Finished Beef © American Grassfed Association, 2011

Special to the Rancher

• Grassfed beef is ideal at rare to medium-rare temperatures. If you prefer meat well done, cook at a low temperature in a sauce to add moisture. A slow cooker is ideal.

pin, or other hard object; pound a few times. This will not only tenderize the meat, but will also incorporate the rub, adding flavor. Don't go overboard and flatten the beef unless the recipe calls for it.

• Because grassfed beef is low in fat, coat it with extra virgin olive oil or another light oil for easy browning. The oil will also prevent the meat from drying out and sticking to the cooking surface.

• Grassfed beef cooks about 30 percent faster than grain fed beef. Use a thermometer to test for doneness and watch the temperature carefully. You can go from perfectly cooked to overdone in less than a minute. The meat will continue to cook after you remove it from the heat, so when it reaches a temperature ten degrees LOWER than the desired temperature, it’s done.

• Very lean cuts like New York strips and sirloin steaks can benefit from a marinade. Choose a recipe that doesn't mask the flavor of the beef but will enhance the moisture content. For safe handling, always marinate in the refrigerator.

• Always pre-heat the oven, pan, or grill before cooking grassfed beef.

• Let the beef sit covered in a warm place for eight to 10 minutes after removing from heat to let the juices redistribute. • Pan searing on the stove is an easy way to cook a grassfed steak. After you’ve seared the steak over high heat, turn the heat to low and add butter and garlic to the pan to finish cooking.

• Never use a microwave to thaw grassfed beef. Either thaw in the refrigerator or, for quick thawing, place the vacuum sealed package in cold water for a few minutes. Let it sit at room temperature for no more than 30 minutes. Don’t cook it cold straight from the refrigerator.

• When grilling, quickly sear the meat over high heat on each side and then reduce the heat to medium or low to finish. Baste to add moisture.

• Tenderizing breaks down tough connective tissue, so use a mechanical tenderizer like the Jaccard. It’s a small, hand-held device with little “needles” that pierce the meat and allow the marinade or rub to penetrate the surface. You can find Jaccard tenderizers at Amazon.com.

• When grilling burgers, use caramelized onions or roasted peppers to add low-fat moisture to the meat.

• Another way to tenderize is to coat a thawed steak with your favorite rub; put it into a plastic zipper bag; place on a solid surface; and, using a meat mallet, rolling

• When roasting, sear the beef first to lock in the juices and then place in a pre-heated oven. Reduce the roasting temperature by 50 degrees F.

Photo courtesy of the Kennedy Family

A beautiful Kennedy Ranch Home-Grown rib eye steak, fresh off the grill!

• Never use a fork to turn the beef. Always use tongs.

Special Feeder Sales: Second Tuesday of Each Month Tuesday August 14 Tuesday September 11 Tuesday September 29 12:30 All Breeds Goat Sale Tuesday October 9

12 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

UPCOMING VIDEO SALES: MON & TUES, August 6th-7th, 2018

Mon, September 10th, 2018

Internet Sale and DISH Network Sale

Little America • Cheyenne, Wyoming

Haythorn Ranch • Ogallala, Nebraska

Thurs, October 25th, 2018

Wed. November 28th, 2018

Shasta Livestock Auction • Internet Sale

Internet Sale and DISH Network Sale

Cottonwood, California

Nugget Casino Resort • Reno, Nevada

Consignment Deadline: Oct. 17th

Watch and Listen to the sale on the web at...

Consignment Deadline: Aug. 23rd

Consignment Deadline: Nov. 9th

Market your cattle with the professionals! Steve Lucas • Paradise Valley • (775) 761-7575

Mark Venturacci • Fallon • (775) 427-8713

Gary Nolan • Elko • (775) 734-5678 For details please call our office at 530-347-3793or email us at wvm@wvmcattle.com Look for the catalog and pictures on our web site: www.wvmcattle.com THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 13

Ag 2.0 looks to overtake traditional agricultural practices The conventional agrarian based agricultural model as we know it is poorly suited for the kinds of technological and structural changes that are on the horizon. A horizon that is fast approaching. A couple of years ago, New Zealand based technology strategist Ben Reid, tweeted that New Zealand is in danger of becoming the “Detroit of Agriculture – a rustbelt left behind after production has moved elsewhere.” Although Reid’s rustbelt remark was aimed at New Zealand’s agricultural industry, in the coming years, the US agricultural industry may face a similar future. With technologies, science and new business models evolving, accelerating and converging on industries– from banking, transport, accommodation and healthcare are disrupting their business as usual attitude and having the rug pulled right out from beneath their feet. Like other industries that failed to respond early to new technology and innovation, the agriculture industry is likely to be overtaken and displaced by disruptive technologies, science breakthroughs and new business models. And the people at the helm? Not the people on the inside like our dairy farmers, apple breeders and savvy winemakers. But by sneaker wearing tech millennials, wealthy Tesla driving Silicon Valley venture capitalists, well-funded research agencies, and Big Ag industry conglomerates. The new and disruptive technologies and innovations are designing an almost unrecognizable world of agriculture and food production – the Agriculture 2.0. These freshly minted companies manufacture bio-printed animal and plant proteins in laboratories and factories, move farming methods indoors using vertical crop production methods, and use gene splicing techniques like clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) to breed animals and plants with desired traits. And it’s not just technology that’s disrupting Agriculture 1.0. It’s also the massive consolidation of food producers that use contract farming to dictate in which farmers and ranchers have almost no control over their operations. Start-ups like Impossible Foods, Memphis Meats, Kite Hill, Willow Cup and Perfect Day (previously branded Muufri) are now successfully producing tasty, healthy and environmentally friendly protein, milk and dairy product alternatives and substitutes such as beef, chicken, milk and dairy products that taste like the real thing, look like the real thing. Except without the animal.

A Series by Michelle Cook

14 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Similarly, Hampton Creek and Clara Foods (amongst a handful of others) are now reinventing eggs and tasty egg products like mayonnaise – without the chicken. And indoor and Vertical Farming start ups like Aero Farms, FarmedHere, Gotham Greens and indoor shipping container start up FreightFarms are redefining the very essence of what environmentally friendly, healthy and locally produced arable crop farming looks like. Without rolling green pasture in sight. Consider the now novel insect protein start ups that are eating into animal protein derived competitive advantage. New kids on the block like Tiny Farms, Exo and Entomo Farms are using lab product cricket factories to produce sustainable and clean forms of nutritious protein alternatives for consumers. The hog and chicken industries have already undergone vertical integration: Massive meatpacking companies own the animals that farmers raise, as well as some of the infrastructure they depend on, such as feed. As a result, the meatpackers have much more power over the entire process, including pricing. Chicken farmers were the first to be integrated, in the 1960s and 1970s. Hog producers were next; between 1980 and 2012, their industry saw a 91 percent loss in the number of operations. The investments in Ag 2.0 are fueled by advocates, venture capitalists and global food producers who say that no matter how smart, efficient and technologically equipped our farmers become, it will be the only viable agricultural system designed to feed a world of 8.6 billion people. Proponents say it is driven by the recognition of a growing worldwide demand for, and an increase in, consumer preferences for environmentally friendly and sustainable food production. However noble intentions Ag 2.0 advocates hold, beneath this swag of savvy Ag 2.0 start-ups it’s clear that a common theme is emerging: while these changes in agrarian production present an opportunity to rethink the role of family farms, rural communities and the roles the individuals in these institutions play, many Ag 2.0 proponents, along with global agriculture producers are sowing the seeds for a food supply without contributions from ranchers, farmers or communities. Such advances in biotech, CRISPR and genomics are undeniably a crucial

USDA’s definition of sustainable agriculture: Satisfy human food and fiber needs; enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agricultural economy depends; make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls; sustain the economic viability of farm operations; and enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole.”

and welcome development in the world of global food security and food health. But they also have huge potential to render the need for healthy, safe non GMO fruit and veg crops grown by local independent producers almost redundant. These are the technologies and structural changes disrupting agriculture. Not the latest smart farming apps. Those are merely stop gap, band aid solutions that will only help in the very short term. But they, too, will become as redundant as quickly as they were developed. Granted, not all of the aforementioned start ups have hit the market at scale, and some are still in R&D phase. But their potential to upend conventional agriculture over the long term should not be dismissed by even the most organic, sustainable, non GMO producer. However well-intentioned Congress may be with farm bill legislation, crop insurance and bailouts, doubts will continue to rise about the long-term sustainability of Ag 1.0 because these programs are designed with the traditional “farm” paradigm in mind. Robotics, drones and sensor technologies operating in a “real-world” and “connected farm” environment - a pastoral and nostalgic environment that might not even be relevant or exist in 15, or even 10 years from now.

This is where the real opportunities lie – in the here and now - and what we do now that will help us retain our global competitiveness in the world of agriculture in the coming years. Investing in short-term solutions like apps for farmers is a temporary means that only support the infrastructure of what will soon be out of business as agriculture shifts toward a new agrarian paradigm.

Over the next five months, The Nevada Rancher will look at some of the trends in sustainable agriculture, emerging technologies, and infrastructure changes in agriculture. A few of the issues we’ll examine include previously mentioned technologies like gene splicing and the consolidation of the industry. But we’ll also look at a few of the agriculture entrepreneurs who are leading the way. Infographic courtesy of Nesta

A new generation of technologies could change farms and ranches in the US. The success of small operations will depend on how well farmers and ranchers respond and adapt to the coming agricultural revolution.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 15

A Series by Michelle Cook

Pushing the genetic envelope

New gene editing techniques used to choose specific traits in crops and livestock Corn isn’t the most attractive crop but it’s one of the most important. It’s the most abundant grain on Earth, used as food and biofuel around the world. Compared to the wild plant first cultivated by ancient Mesoamericans some ten thousand years ago, modern corn is a super mutant. Today, there are thousands of corn hybrids cultivated through selective breeding. Yet, the deliberate exploitation of selective breeding to produce desired results that have gone on in agriculture for thousands of years is painstakingly slow Courtesy of the American Blue Cattle Association and imprecise. Through years of selective breeding, the Belgian Blue has developed an extremely lean, sculpted, But new gene editing tools like clustered regularly interspaced ultra-muscular built. The ultra-muscular physique called “double-muscling,” is an inheritable condishort palindromic repeats, or CRISPR, now let scientists hack into tion. It took over a hundred years to establish those traits in the breed. genomes, make precise incisions, and insert desired traits into DNA in order to create an organism with a specific trait or traits. CRISPR is plants and animals. We’ll soon have corn with higher crop yields, mush- the guide that controls the precise gene editing. Cas represents the molecrooms that don’t brown, pigs with more meat on the bone, and disease ular scissors that do the cutting. resistant cattle. Changes that took years, decades, or even centuries, can Using these same molecular tools, scientists reprogrammed the molecular now be made in a matter of months. In the next five years you might eat scissors to cut and edit, or correct specific spots in DNA. CRISPR-Cas tools tortilla chips made from edited corn. By 2020 you might drink milk from an can now be engineered to cut out the DNA at the exact site of a mutation edited cow. for a disease in a pig, for example. One of the early innovators in gene editing is Recombinetics in St. Paul, The tool is also extremely versatile and seems to work in nearly every Minnesota. The company has already bred gene-edited dairy calves, which creature and cell type in which it has been tried. In the words of University are undergoing care and monitoring at UC Davis. of Wisconsin-Madison’s Assistant Professor of Bio-chemistry Jill Wildonger, “This is not science fiction,” says Tad Sonstegard, Chief Scientific Officer “It really opens up the genome of virtually every organism that’s been for Acceligen, the food application arm of Recombinetics. “You can bring sequenced to be edited and engineered.” any trait into your favorite livestock breed without doing cross breeding.” The process allows scientists to genetically engineer organisms without But before any gene-edited cows produce the milk in our grocery stores, inserting foreign (transgenic) DNA. Geneticists insist we don’t confuse this he said, scientists would need to prove that milk from these cows is similar with genetic modification (otherwise called genetic engineering), which to horned and polled cows that haven’t been gene edited. “That would be introduces new genes from different species in order to achieve desired simple though. It would turn out the same.”

Slicing and dicing genes Gene editing like CRISP/Cas9 is the act of making intentional changes to

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traits. This makes it different from GMOs and means it may not be regulated the same. “In the older, more traditional system, scientists were taking a gene from one species and putting it into a plant to confer a particular trait on that plant,” said Rachel Haurwitz, Co-founder of Caribou Biosciences, a technology company using CRISPR-Cas editing techniques. “That’s not what we’re looking to do. We’re looking to use CRISPR gene editing to achieve the same outcome as we can get from traditional breeding, just faster.”

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Pigs harbor a lot of diseases and there are few as bad as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). It causes pregnant mothers to miscarry and makes it difficult for piglets to breathe. It’s a problem for the pig farmers as well. Every year, the PRRS virus costs the industry nearly $1.6 billion dollars in Europe and another $664 million in the US. But in 2015, scientists at Genus and the University of Edinburgh’s Roslin Institute demonstrated how CRISPR could remove the CD163 molecule, a pathway through which the PRRS virus infects pig. Later, the researchers refined their work to remove just the portion of the gene that directly interacts with the virus. Lab tests have shown that DNA in cells removed from

these pigs successfully resist the virus. Next steps in the study will test whether the pigs themselves are resistant to the virus. Swine are also the subject of research at Seoul National University in South Korea, where scientists led by Jin-Soo Kin are using a different gene-editing tool called TALEN to create meatier, “double muscle” pigs by removing a gene that inhibits muscle growth. “We could do this through breeding,” Kin said, “but then it would take decades.”

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Randall Prather, Director of the National Swine Resource and Research Center, who helped develop pigs resistant to the deadly PRRS virus using CRISPR technology says, consumer acceptance is the main obstacle. People may be open to genetically engineered animals if it means more humane treatment, such as dairy calves that no longer require dehorning. But it’s still a hard thing to sell. “People don’t understand it. When computers first came out, a lot of people were afraid of them because they didn’t understand them,” Prather says. “Now, everybody runs around with smartphones without giving them a second thought.” For Southwest Minnesota pork producer James Pastore, there’s a compelling argument for using CRISPR technology but not at the expense of keeping consumers in the dark about its use. “When you have a technology like CRISPR,” he says, “I think we need to be very open, transparent, and we need to be ahead of the curve as we’re talking to consumers to make sure they’re comfortable and that we continue to have that social license to be able to use innovation and technology in animal agriculture.” But there isn’t complete consensus. Critics of CRISPR point out safety regulations are lacking and that the controversial technology should be far more regulated and subjected to adequate safety testing, especially since it is so open easily accessible to just about any scientist. Michael Hansen, senior scientist from Consumers Union, in which Hansen said of CRISPR-like gene editing tools, “These methods are more precise than the old methods, but … when you alter the genetics of living things they don’t always behave as you expect. This is why it’s crucial to thoroughly study health and environmental impacts, but these studies aren’t required.” Stacy Malkan, the Co-director of US Right to Know, a nonprofit organization working for transparency and accountability in the food system prefers to take a more nuanced approach to the gene editing technology. Malkan’s concern is grounded in the idea that it’s too early to determine the side effects. “CRISPR is a powerful research tool for helping scientists understand genetics, how cells react, how entire plants and systems react,” Malkan said. “In my view these experimental technologies should be kept in the lab, not unleashed in our food system, until those systems are better.”

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Biological Control of Cheatgrass By Heather Smith Thomas Special to the Rancher

if you fail to establish seeded species the Many ranchers and rangeland managers site will return to cheatgrass dominance in are trying to find ways to halt the prolific just a few years.” Weltz says. This is one spread of cheatgrass and medusahead, and of the challenges with trying to eradicate reduce these invasive weeds in areas that are cheatgrass; it has the ability to build peralready dominated by them. A new weapon in this battle is a naturally-occurring soil sistent seed banks that can lie dormant in bacterium, ACK55, that suppresses/inhibits the soil for 3-5 years. root growth of these unwanted invaders. The use of pre-emergent herbicides Dr. Ann Kennedy, recently retired soil sciin combination with an aggressive seedentist/soil microbiologist from the USDAing program can be very successful in ARS Northwest Sustainable Agroecosystems establishing perennial grasses, which is Research Unit in Pullman, Washington (Agrithe best known method for suppressing cultural Research Service is a branch of the cheatgrass and associated fuels. “If you USDA) was instrumental in discovering these can get perennial grasses, forbs or shrubs Photos Courtesy of Weltz helpful bacteria, with research that began Above: Cheatgrass controlled with herbicide. established they have the advantage more than 30 years ago. Today her work is Below: Perennial grasses established, 97% decrease in cheatgass. over cheatgrass with their greater root continued by Dr. Mark Weltz and others at mass. Cheatgrass wins at the seedling the ARS-Great Basin Rangelands Research stage, but cheatgrass does not compete Unit in Reno, Nevada. This bacterial herbiwell with established perennial grasses. cide may soon be available on the market. Once perennial grasses are established “We completed the last required evaluthe chance, rate, spread and season of ation of ACK55 as a bio-herbicide, for the wildfires decreases and allows for plant EPA, in our package for consideration for succession to occur which allows for the release,” says Weltz. “That paperwork was return of critical browse species and forbs submitted the end of February. We are now that can be a productive component of completing the application process. Then the habitat. Our Research Unit is workthe EPA will review it. They have stated they ing on several fronts to win the war on will work with us to try to get a rapid review, cheatgrass,” Weltz says. Examples of successful revegetation but we’ll have to wait and see if they need using herbicides can be seen in photos any additional information after they review that were taken in an experimental area the application--before we know if it can be near Izzenhood where between 93 and 97% of the cheatgrass was conused on rangelands as a bio-herbicide,” says Weltz. trolled and the area was successful revegetated with desired grasses that “This is my first time through this process. I inherited this project from Dr. Kennedy when she retired. I am not a scientist who was involved in the were seeded into the herbicide-treated fallowed pastures. CONTROL WITH LIVESTOCK – Another front in the war is control development of ACK55; my training is in soil erosion on rangelands. They with grazing. “There are indications, with the research we’ve done in conasked me to take over for Ann, since I am here in Reno, which is the epicenjunction with University of Nevada Reno, that grazing can help. One tactic ter of cheatgrass problems in the West, and our lab had already promised is late-season grazing to clean up the old plants and reduce carry-over fuel,” to work with Ann on field scale trials. We are working with several ranches, says Weltz. This strips away the litter and mat of dead plants that serve as private property owners, and BLM districts that have agreed to allow us to insulation and protection for the seed bank. A thick mat allows the new test it under different soil and climate interactions to evaluate the efficacy of seedlings to thrive the next spring. Without that protection, new cheatgrass ACK-55. This will be the last step before we can make recommendations on seedlings don’t establish very well. how, when, and where ACK-55 could be applied,” says Weltz. “Late-season grazing is only possible fort three months out of the ANOTHER TOOL “One of my other staff members, Rangeland Sciyear, however, so what can we do the other 9 months? There are some entist Charlie Clements, has been working with herbicide companies on other grazing projects we are trying to get funding for, because it’s very pre-emergent herbicides to control cheatgrass densities and aid in estabexpensive to do studies when trying to use cattle. We hope to raise a war lishing perennial grasses. Initial results have reported that some of these chest to allow us to do all-season grazing, but not leaving the cattle out pre-emergent herbicides have a 95-99% cheatgrass control rate. Activity of there all the time in a single pasture. We still have to move the cattle around these pre-emergent herbicides such as Plateau (Imazapic), LandmarkXP (Sulthe landscape in selective grazing in a rotational pattern,” he explains. fometuron methyl-Chlorsulfuron) and Matrix (Rimsulforon) are about 12-15 “We are trying to figure out ways to manipulate the livestock months. They open the window for us to seed desirable and adaptable while they are out there, and still meet the animals’ needs for energy and species on treated habitats. With this initial control of cheatgrass, seeded protein, etc.” One strategy might be to hit the cheatgrass in early spring species success has increased by more than 600%. These pre-emergent herwhen it is growing ahead of everything else and is green and lush and high bicides do not completely wipe out the cheatgrass seed banks, however, so in protein—and then remove the livestock and let the perennials grow and

18 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

become stronger and mature and go to seed. Then the cattle could come back in the fall and clean up the grass to remove the fuel load and reduce fire risk,” he says. Charlie Clements and Mark Weltz have preliminary data showing that grazing cheatgrass in the spring resulted in 95.8% reduction in cheatgrass fuel loads while at the same time not negatively affecting the perennial grass densities. Spring grazing not only reduces the current years’ fuel load, it also significantly reduces cheatgrass seed production and seed bank densities. “If cattle could be used as a tool to graze cheatgrass and reduce associated fuels, the reduction in wildfire frequencies could eventually promote perennial species and nearly eliminate cheatgrass. One of the challenges with using cattle as a tool is that a lot of these range allotments are huge. The question is how to control the animals to keep the herd dense enough to graze a certain area to have the same impact as if you ran a lawn mower over the cheatgrass.” This requires some form of high-density intensive grazing which means controlling the livestock. “This is very promising, but do we use electric fence, or herders or some other means to keep the cattle grouped? Electric fence is labor intensive and you have to take it down and move it.” There’s also the question of water availability for the livestock. This is not flat land or easy terrain for fencing. It would be more logical to have cowboys actively moving the cattle to keep them in the areas you want them. “This raises the question of how do you find cowboys who want to be like the sheepherders who stayed with their flocks?” asks Weltz.

THE NEED FOR A VARIETY OF TOOLS FOR CONTROL - “We are pursuing a series of different research thrusts, in addition to ACK55, so hopefully we can eventually have an integrated pest management program, using a little bit of this and that mixed together,” he says. Using more than one tool could ensure more successful outcome.

Looking down from 30,000 feet on Nevada’s craggy, arid landscape doesn’t evoke an image of what most people think of as rangeland. But this vast and seemingly desolate place as viewed from five miles high actually supports a vital and healthy livestock industry. In an environment which receives an average 7.5 inches of precipitation a year, careful and constant management of these particular rangelands is crucial. More than 85 percent of nevada is managed by the federal government under the supervision of the bureau of land management, the u.s. forest service, and the military. Because private land is very limited, ranchers need to use some of these public lands, as well as their own, for grazing herds of cattle and sheep. ranchers are given an allotment and a predetermined number of livestock are allowed to graze at a per-head fee.

“I don’t envision that we can be successful with just one ‘silver bullet’ that can completely control cheatgrass. I am also concerned that if we did actually find something that was absolutely outstanding and we killed all the cheatgrass, we could create a worse problem if we don’t have desirable revegetation to replace it. We could then end up with undesirable invasive plants like burr buttercup, tansy mustard, medusahead and other things that are not a sustainable grazing resource are poisonous or injurious to livestock” says Weltz. The cheatgrass must be replaced with desired species like native bunchgrasses, forbs or shrubs or introduced plants that have desired traits. We don’t want cheatgrass but we also don’t want its cousins (red brome and medusahead). “We are worried about red brome coming into new areas from the desert. We also have a lot of medusahead here in Nevada. It typically grew in clay and heavy-textured soils but it is now expanding its range and we’re finding it also on sandier soils, which is not a good thing because cattle rarely eat it,” he says. “That’s the second half to our battle; not only do we need to get rid of cheatgrass but we must also successfully revegetate in a cost-effective manner. We have research looking at the whole circle. No matter what we do, it has to be not only ecologically sound and environmentally safe, but it has to be economically effective or it will never work,” he says. “My own back yard is a perfect example. I live northwest of Reno, next to Forest Service land, and we get cheatgrass seeds blowing in. I go out in the yard every year and manually pull up the new plants. I can control it that way because it’s a small yard and at this point I don’t have that many cheatgrass plants.” This grass has short roots and if the soil is moist the plants easily pull out. Pulling them up is very effective on a small scale but we can’t do that on a big range allotment. Spraying these areas with bio-herbicide like ACK55 and strategic grazing with livestock are much better options.

This has been an agreeable partnership for close to a hundred years, with both parties active in managing the land to accommodate many uses such as wildlife habitat and recreation as well as grazing. The health of our rangeland is in everyone’s best interest. Land has always been the foundation of our nation’s wealth and the men and women who work that land are the traditional caretakers. land management and conservation science have advanced greatly over the last decades and modern ranchers keep up, or are in the lead.

Carefully grazed rangeland has been shown to be healthier and more productive than ungrazed land separated by only a wire fence. Grazing animals control invasive species and organic matter that fuels destructive wildfires. Like most of the west, nevada has been impacted by urban growth, especially by the increased demands on a limited water supply. Natural resources are under pressure so it becomes increasingly critical to manage our rangelands to benefit not only our livestock industry, but the very place we call home.

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reoine e H l r i g Cow

Irene Walther

Lamoille, Nev.- Irene Behn was born at home, feet first, by her mother alone, near the mouth of Jarrett Canyon near Tuscarora, NV March 24, 1925, the first and only child of Bill and Hazel Behn. She grew up in Tuscarora, Nevada, and went to high school in Elko, Nevada. Irene began riding horses at the age of 3 and was starting colts by the time she was ten. During the war years she became interested in machinery. She was a skilled mechanic and a talented horsewoman. During Irene’s growing up years, she helped her dad cowboy on the different ranches he worked. She eventually branched out on her own, working for places like the Spanish Ranch, the Quarter Circle S Ranch, and the Hunter and Banks Ranches. She did all aspects of cowboy work and had several opportunities to trail cattle from Tuscarora to the rail in Elko. “On one of the trips to Elko with the Quarter Circle S cattle, as we approached the airport, there was a large row of dirt piled up with a red flag waving on it. The cow boss rode up and jerked the flag out so we could get the cows

By Jennifer Whiteley

by. We almost got up to the spot when the ranch manager’s wife drove her little airplane down in front of our herd. The cows stampeded up the hill to the beacon light where John Carpenter lives now. Those cows stampeded 3 times! After riding our horses for 5 days, I was afraid they would play out and we’d never get those cows to the stock yard corrals. The manager asked his wife why she did that? She said, “I only wanted to look at the cows.” The cow boss said, “I wish she had to look at their butts for 5 days all the way to Elko like we did!” Irene reminisced. Irene married Jack Walther in 1955. “Took me two years to catch Jack. He was quite leery of marriage.” Irene explained in her memories. She passed away 40 days after Jack on May 20th, 2016. They shared 61 years together. Irene worked side by side with Jack at the 71 Ranch and on their own ranch near Fort Halleck as well as with her father at his ranch in Lamoille. She and Jack bought the Martin ranch on Lamoille Creek together

Photo Courtesy of Irene Walther

Background Picture: One of Irene’s many cartoon doodles.

Photo Courtesy of Irene Walther

Jack and Irene on their wedding day. “We’ve had an awfully good life together. If I had it to do over, I wouldn’t want to do it without Jack.”

Photo Courtesy of Irene Walther

Irene heeling and dragging calves to the fire on she and Jack’s Lamoille ranch.

20 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Photo Courtesy of Irene Walther

A young Irene on one of her many horses. “Rocket was a very high lifed horse. One time when I was over at the Spanish Ranch visiting Frances Barkdull I had him tied to a tree. A cowboy came in and wanted to know if he could borrow him for a short while. A while later someone came in and said that Rocket had run away with the guy. He couldn’t handle him!”

and when he retired from the 71 made their home there. They eventually consolidated their ranching operation, through sales and purchases of land into an expanded Martin Place in the Lamoille Valley where they raised purebred Red Angus cattle. Irene was a great writer and story teller. “Haying time, I would get up real early, saddle my horse and look for the hay horses. Had a large brush field to find them in. Had a bell on a saddle mare to listen for. If I rode a colt, I’d run him as far as I could to get him worn down. Because if I didn’t the colt would try to run with the bunch of horses. The hay horses would seem to know how not to drive to the corral. Bur if my colt was wore out enough to stay behind, the horses would run to the corral. Then I helped the men or man to fit collars on their teams. Dad milked the cow and mother cooked breakfast. After we ate I would probably drive a team on a rake or if stacking, I’d drive the pull up team. I hated that part as one had to be very careful. One with the nets to pull up, one had to stop in the right place. Men on stack, a little higher or lower. Always some bossing. On the beaver slide

I had to stop the team so as not to hit the blocks on top or I might break the top and the hay would come down on the stackers. I drove 3 head on that job. Had a whip in one hand and lines pulled around my arm. Had to look back and needed a whip to make the team go faster when hay needed to be thrown farther back. Stop just before I hit the top. Later dad bought a John Deere tractor. I liked it much better as no horses to harness! I could stop the tractor when I wanted to. The men couldn’t boss so much as I’d pretend I couldn’t hear them over the tractor noise! I’d help dad fence hay corrals after haying. Sure was a lot of work digging post holes and dragging wire around.” Irene was a woman among men from an early age preferring the outdoor ranching work with her father to the women’s work of that time. She became a proficient horsewoman, working cowgirl, ranch hand, equipment operator, truck driver, builder, mechanic, working both with her father and for other ranches around Independence Valley. She could do anything a man could do and usually better.

Photo Courtesy of Irene Walther

As an adolescent ranch girl, Irene broke this calf to ride and drive, but when the animal matured, she sold it as a milk cow.

Photo Courtesy of Irene Walther

Irene titled this picture “The Lazy Cowboy” -dreams of all the things he should be doing but doesn’t seem to ever get them done.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 21

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THE CYCLE – MID GESTATION

By Wes Klett Anipro/Xtraformance Feeds

In my continuing discussion of The Cycle, it is time to turn our attention and focus to the Mid-Gestation Period. As mentioned in the previous articles, there are specific physiological stages a cow progresses through during the year and certain opportunities and goals we need her to navigate to ensure productivity is optimized. The previous two periods (Calving/Post Calving & Maintaining Lactation) have to do with getting the current calf born and raised to ensure this season’s profitability opportunity. This third stage called Mid-Gestation, however, is about looking to the future. While we will wean a calf during this period, thereby closing the current calf crop cycle, our focus for the cow now must be to sustain fetal development of this new calf while helping the cow catch up nutritionally to ensure successful calving sometime in the next 5-7 months for the calf which we will wean in the Fall of 2018. Additionally, ensuring proper body condition is achieved prior to calving will give us our best chance to get this cow rebred for the calf we will wean in the Fall of 2019. I will come back to this discussion shortly. Because of reduced calf demand, we are able to utilize mature forages or crop residues (stalks, hay aftermath, etc.) to increase cow weight, flesh, and body condition before entering the last stage of production which we will discuss in the next article. Adding critical body condition now is optimal because there are plenty of days between now and calving so that the daily requirements for gain are smaller. However, if we cheat the cow nutritionally and don’t take advantage of our opportunities during this period, then our average daily gains must increase as we get closer to the pre-calving period to achieve the body condition necessary for successful calving and breed back in the future. Body condition at calving has been shown through research to be critical in determining the cow’s ability to breed back. Cows in a body condition of 4 at calving only have a 65% chance of demonstrating estrous in 90 days after calving, while a body condition of 5 results in a 92% chance. Getting the cow bred in 90 days ensures a calf every 12 months and when achieved across the herd, assures a uniform set of calves at weaning which will be more attractive to potential buyers. As I discussed in previous articles, understanding nutrient partitioning helps us understand the importance of keeping nutrition and supplementation going during this low nutrient requirement period. As a review, sixty percent of a cow’s daily intake goes to maintenance. Once this physiological condition is met, nutrients are allocated to weight gain and body condition development. After these 3 “buckets” are nutritionally filled, nutrition is used for lactation and reproduction. Since the calf has been, or will be weaned during this period,

therefore ending the lactation cycle, and also considering the fact that the cow is now bred, all nutrition during this Mid-Gestation Phase reverts to increasing body condition and weight gain to enable us to achieve the conception rates we will desire next spring. From a nutritional standpoint, ensuring adequate supplemental protein to assist with fiber digestibility is important to allow the proper rate of passage of feed through the digestive system to be achieved. These high fiber diets of crop residue and/or over-cured forages, stress the rumen microbial population, and supplemental nitrogen stimulates not only their activity but their population growth to assist in the digestibility of the high fiber feedstuffs. Macro and trace minerals also assist with digestibility, but primarily they ensure the successful balance of the diet, especially considering the low nutritional value of these types of forages. This supplementation can come from a liquid, tub or dry mineral, but the inclusion of supplemental protein and minerals at this time is a necessity to optimize our future objectives of profitability. Getting back to my earlier comment, nutrition decisions made now which affect the cow’s body condition and ability to breed back in the Spring of 2018, will produce the calf that will be weaned and generate revenue for us in the Fall of 2019. None of us know what the price of calves will be at that time. I had these same discussions in the Fall of 2012 when we were in a similar price position as we are today. Like today, we had no idea what weaned calves would be worth in two years in the Fall of 2014. Of course, we now know that was the period of highest calf prices in history. Those producers who made a priority of good supplementation practices during the cow’s dry period in 2012 and 2013 which achieved a body condition of 5 to aid in breed back later in 2013, were the ones who capitalized on higher calf prices with more calves. Finally, we should not forget the nutrition of the calf we are about to wean or just have weaned. Many will choose to wean and sell straight off the cow. In this scenario, it is important that this calf has had good supplementation alongside the cow to ensure they are in a plane of nutrition where the purchaser of the calf has his chance at profitability. This will keep them coming back to buy your calves again in the future. Others will choose to wean and background the calf for 30-60 days. If you possess the facilities to do this, there are great opportunities to achieve additional profitability. Video sales from this past summer in the Western US revealed an approximate premium of $8/cwt for calves that had been vaccinated and straightened out. In the November issue, we will discuss the lead-up to calving and winter supplementation.

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 23

BAD LUCK WITH BROKEN PENIS BULLS By Sarah Hummel DVM LLC

I hope the breeding season is going well with minimal catastrophes and bovine drama. That way everyone can concentrate on repairing the broken-down farm equipment! Luckily, broken farm equipment is not on my list of things to do, otherwise the Hummel cows would go hungry this winter. Broken bull penises on the other hand, do often hit that list. First, a quick clarification: Bulls don’t have a bone in their penis. When saying the penis is broke, we are referring to a tear and subsequent blood clot in the dorsal tunica albuginea. That is Latin for a very strong, fibrous band surrounding the penis.

The ranch decided to attempt to return the bull for some credit which is a good option if you are able to do so as the likely hood of the bull re-injuring himself is high.

Recently we had a bull on the Hummel ranch with a broken penis and decided to manage without surgery. We treated with LA 200 twice (3 days apart) and sexual rest. After a few months of “They are young, dumb sexual rest, I extended the penis once a week for 2-3 So what bulls are likely to break their penis and how and a bit clumsy. They weeks to try to minimize adhesions. I performed a can you tell that from a prepuce problem? Inexperiend up making poor breeding soundness exam on him before the next enced, usually first breeding-season bulls, are by far the most common casualties to this ailment. They decisions, impatiently breeding season and finally made sure he was able are young, dumb and a bit clumsy. They end up misplacing themselves to do his job out in the field. He is still here and doing well. If we have another one, I would likely making poor decisions, impatiently misplacing themwhen attempting to perform surgery, that is if my Father-in-law allows. selves when attempting to breed. Then when they breed.” are fully engorged they try to hit the mark and miss So there it is. The low-down on a down-low probwith painful consequences. A broken penis will result in a swelling further lem. I hope you do not have to deal with these but if you do, know there back toward the scrotum on a bull whereas a torn or abscessed prepuce is is a chance to treat him successfully. If you have any questions regarding swelling closer to the opening of the penis. The prepuce is the folds of skin this or other veterinary questions, please call me, Dr. Sarah Hummel DVM, that house the penis. The swelling of a broken penis is also on top of the at 775-530-4137. If you are having trouble deciding if your bull is sufferpenis (dorsum or in the alignment of the back), so it almost appears higher ing from a broken penis, shoot me a picture with your phone or email at or deeper than a prepuce problem. sarahhummeldvm@yahoo.com. Earlier this season I examined two bulls at the same ranch, both recently purchased and inexperienced. The first one I looked at had a swelling in the right spot for a broken penis, but the area was more firm than normal, so of course I stuck a needle in it. A large amount of puss came out so my questions were answered. This bull likely broke his penis a while back. Bacteria love blood clots (or hematomas) so they often get infected and later form an abscess. A bull with an abscess formation has a very poor prognosis to returning to function because adhesions form making impossible for the bull to extend his penis. The second bull had a typical broken penis. For this guy there were two options: perform surgery and remove the blood clot or medical management of antibiotics, sexual rest and warm-water therapy. Surgery costs will range from $400-$700, and there is a 75% - 85% chance to return to function and be able to breed. The bull will need to be on sexual rest for at least 3 months so he will likely be out for the breeding season. If medical management without surgery is elected, then the bull has about 50% chance to return to function and he will also be out for 3-6 months.

24 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Sarah P Hummel DVM LLC 775-530-4137 1155 S Bottle Creek Road Winnemucca, NV sarahhummeldvm@yahoo.com

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State veterinarian encourages biosecurity to protect horses from disease as equine event season is underway (SPARKS, Nev.) –As horse owners travel to equine events and rodeos with their animals, theNevada Department of Agriculture(NDA) is reminding owners to exercise caution and use best biosecurity practices to minimize risk of spreading disease. Biosecurity means doing everything possible to reduce chances of an infectious disease being transferred by people, animals, equipment or vehicles. “It is not uncommon to see cases of upper respiratory diseases in horses this time of year, and we notify local veterinarians and the Nevada Veterinary Medical Association when we have new cases,” Dr. JJ Goicoechea, state veterinarian for the NDA, said. “All horse owners should consult with their veterinarian to ensure vaccinations are current. If you suspect your horse may be exhibiting signs of illness, contact your veterinarian and do not allow contact with other horses.” Per Nevada Revised Statute Chapter 571.160, any animal owner or practicing veterinarian who has knowledge of a confirmed case of a reportable disease, shall immediately notify the NDA Animal Disease Laboratory. A list of reportable diseases can be found atagri.nv.gov.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 25

Farmers and ranchers feeling effects from trade war China largest trading partner for US agriculture products

Trump’s assault on the trade front started in January by slapping tariffs on imported washing machines, solar cells and modules, which incited China into initiating an antidumping investigation on U.S. sorghum exports. He later declared a 25 percent tariff, aimed mostly at China, on steel imports, and recently followed up with two separate proposals for punitive duties of $50 billion and $100 billion a year on a long list of Chinese exports. In response to Trump’s tariffs on Chinese products, China retaliated with tariffs on U.S. products, which took effect on July 6. The U.S. products include soybeans, beef, pork, cotton, corn, ethanol, dried distillers’ grains, grain sorghum, wheat, cranberries, orange juice, tobacco, and whiskey, along with industrial products. At the Brookings Institution, analyst Ryan Hass said, “Given the intertwined nature of the U.S. and Chinese economies, there aren’t many ways for the United States to punch China without bruising itself in the process. China is the third-largest (and fastest-growing) market for U.S. exports. Trade and investment with China support roughly 2.6 million American jobs.” China is the largest market for U.S. agricul-

tural exports, generating 20¢ of each $1 in farm income. Trade experts point out that the $3 billion singled out by China for tariffs is just a small percentage of the hundreds of billions of dollars in goods that flow annually between the US and China. Tariffs are unlikely to hinder this trade relationship anytime soon, but they could have serious consequences for certain industries and could have a significant impact on rural America.

Pork hardest hit but beef expected to feel pain

China is expected to impose duties on U.S. beef producers as part of its retaliation against Trump’s decision to go ahead with tariffs. China’s list includes whole and half-head fresh and cold beef, fresh and cold beef with bones, fresh and cold boneless beef, frozen beef with bones, frozen boneless beef, frozen boneless meat and other frozen beef chops. “It is unsettling to see American-produced beef listed as a target for retaliation,” said Kent Bacus, National Cattlemen’s Beef Association director of international trade and market access. “Sadly, we are not surprised, as this is an inevitable outcome of any trade war.” The tariffs would be a blow to U.S. beef pro-

by Michelle Cook

ducers, who only last year resumed exports to China after a 13-year ban. Beijing previously barred U.S. beef purchases after a scare over mad cow disease in 2003. Dan Halstrom, U.S. Meat Export Federation (USMEF) chief executive, worries the U.S. beef industry will lose the steadily gaining momentum in the Chinese market. “If an additional import tariff is imposed on U.S. beef, these constructive business relationships, and opportunities for further growth, will be put at risk,” said Halstrom. “USMEF is hopeful that this trade dispute can be resolved without China introducing additional obstacles for U.S. beef.” According to USMEF, for the second half of 2017, following the market reopening, U.S. beef exports to China totaled 3,020 metric tons valued at $31 million. In January 2018, exports reached the highest monthly volume to date at 819 metric tons, valued at $7.5 million. “China is a promising market for U.S. beef, and, since the June 2017 reopening, the U.S. industry has made an exceptional effort to provide customers with high-quality beef at an affordable price. This is not an easy task, due to our 13-year absence from the market and China’s beef import requirements,” Halstrom said.

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“With the restrictions already placed on U.S. beef going to China, this is a small export market in terms of volume and value to the U.S. and represents less than 1 percent of the Chinese beef market,” said Richard Fritz, founding partner of Global AgriTrends and former USMEF vice president of trade development. “An additional tariff would more than likely significantly hamper the small amount of product that is going to China currently,” Fritz added. “The one thing I am concerned about is the large volume of protein on the market that will be seeking a home,” Fritz went on to say. “U.S. pork is a much bigger export market to China than beef, and with a 25 percent duty on U.S. pork, combined with the increased production of pork, beef and poultry in the U.S., I anticipate the ripple effect on beef being higher due to the large amount of protein available on the domestic market.” Pork producers fear that a protracted trade war or a withdrawal from NAFTA could result in their hard-won export markets being seized by foreign competitors. However, some of the largest US pork producers are actually Chinese owned companies. It is not yet clear whether Chinese owned organizations will be exempt from the tariffs.

Who benefits?

What farmers and ranchers want most is to maintain their hard-fought market gains in China and other countries around the world. Indeed, agricultural trade with China has matured in recent decades into a jewel of U.S. foreign commerce. Growth in farm exports to China since 2000 have multiplied more than eight-fold and totaled $21.5 billion by value last year –15 percent of U.S. agricultural exports. Recently, China lifted its import ban on U.K. beef. The U.K. Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs said in a statement that the new export market will be worth some $330 million for U.K. farmers over the first five years. This would give British producers access to Beijing’s expanding

$2 billion market, which they were banned from after a series of mad cow disease outbreaks in Britain in 1996. China also signed a deal to lift a ban on French beef earlier this week.

Where’s the relief?

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) officials are working under increasing pressure to devise programs to help compensate farmers for expected losses due to new Chinese tariffs. USDA Secretary Sonny Perdue pledged that the department won’t abandon farmers who lose sales because of the escalating trade fight between the U.S. and China and he stressed that President Donald Trump stands behind his plan to come up with some form of assistance. Purdue said Trump had authorized him to protect farmers from economic harm caused by trade fights and he hoped to have a plan in place by the time farmers begin their fall harvest if no resolution has been reached. Perdue said the Commodity Credit Corp (CCC) could be one of the major tools used in any plan to compensate farmers hurt by the trade fight. The CCC has broad authority to make loans and direct payments to U.S. growers when prices for corn, soybeans, wheat, and other agricultural goods are low. “We will not allow agriculture producers to bear the brunt of China’s retaliation as we defend our own interests as a nation,” Perdue said. But for USDA to make any kind of payment to farmers, the department would first have to see actual losses and then calculate assistance. “Our organization grows increasingly concerned that this administration does not have a plan to ensure family farmers and ranchers aren’t thrown under the bus,” said the National Farmers Union, the second-largest U.S. farm group. The NFU said it supports the administration in trying to reduce the U.S. trade deficit. “The administration must work with Congress to develop a comprehensive solution to ensure family farmers can continue to provide for the nation.”

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 27

Stockmanship School: Why You Should Come • Implementing low stress livestock handling principles and techniques of will reduce stress in your herd, lower health costs, increase weight gains, reduce or eliminate weight loss in calves at weaning, and increase carrying capacity though better utilization of hard to get areas. Your $500 training investment will yield economic and financial returns for your business. • Understanding and implementing low stress techniques on placing livestock without fences will allow you to successfully meet utilization goals set for riparian areas on public lands and graze previously unused areas on both public and private ground. • Increase the competence and effectiveness of ranch labor as fewer people will be needed to move livestock. • Reduce or eliminate family and labor people stress when livestock need to be moved. People will find themselves looking forward to working stock in a low stress manner.’

Teaching Style – See, Hear, Do • Interactive practical presentations and diagramming will allow you to see and hear about low stress handling basics, advanced techniques, and dealing with problems. • Hands-on experience working in teams

with cattle to implement low stress handling techniques. Team efforts are supported by experienced coaches. • Presentations on range management, riparian function and recovery, and rancher experiences in implementing low stress livestock handling on their place. Other confirmed speakers include: Steve Leonard, Cowdance Range and Riparian Consulting and Dr. Sherm Swanson, University of Nevada. Tuition Cost: $500 per person: Mail the tuition payment, along with the registration form listing your preferences on lodging or camping type and the number of days you want both your choice of lodging and meals to: Cattle Sense, PO Box 642, Arco, Idaho 83213. Contact Steve or Susan Cote at 731-3361167 or email stevecote119@gmail.com with questions. Please make sure we have your name and contact information on the registration form in case of any changes or questions. Cottonwood Ranches lodging and meal charges: Lodging ($60/bed/day (2 to a room); RV Camping $45/day; Tent Camping $15/day)Meals ($45/day). Make checks out to “Cottonwood Guest Ranch” before leaving the school for lodging, meal, camping etc . Contact Cottonwood Ranch by email vckasmith@gmail.com , telephone 775-472-0222 if you have questions about the facilities at the ranch.

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Topics to Be Covered Stockmanship principles, techniques and cattle traits Moving herds and pairs Weaning pairs in a field Placing cattle on range without fences Sorting cattle Working stock in facilities, Bud Box design and use Solving handling challenges-riparian loafers, bunch quitters, aggressive stock, stock that run through gates, poor mothers Range management principles &planning grazing for improving riparian function & recovery Handling the herd on the range to reduce predation by wolves or bears

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 29

Humboldt County bumps Martin fire rewards to $20,000 By Shanna Cummings Winnemucca Publishing Staff Writer

Authorities are still looking for any information about the person or persons responsible for starting the Martin fire on July 4 that scorched 435,569 acres spanning Humboldt and Elko counties. Humboldt County commissioners on Monday approved adding $7,000 to the rewards offered by the Bureau of Land Management, the Stewart family and Snyder Plumbing, bringing the combined total to $20,000. The fire started in the Martin Creek area about four miles northeast of Paradise Valley around 11:30 p.m. on July 4. According to the fire’s Inciweb.com pages, investigators have confirmed humans started it. The majority of the land was owned by the BLM and was used by ranchers for grazing and conservation.

Photo Courtesy of BLM: Local Ranchers including Dave Cassinelli (T5 Ranch), Fred Stewart (96 Ranch) and County Commissioner Ron Cerri along with citizens and incident responders gather at the Paradise Valley, NV School House for a fire update.

Six of the seven grazing allotments damaged in the fire were located in Humboldt County, and the toll on livestock on those allotments is unknown. Anyone who might have information identifying the person(s) who may have been responsible for starting the Martin fire is asked to contact the Humboldt County Secret Witness line at (775) 623-6969, submit information online at the Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office Report Suspicious Activity web page or contact the BLM Law Enforcement Tips Line at (775) 885-6117.

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Livestock Groups Launch Media Campaign in Support of Barrasso Endangered Species Act Amendments of 2018 WASHINGTON– The Public Lands Council (PLC) and the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) today launched an online campaign to educate the public on the need for a modernized Endangered Species Act. The campaign, which focuses on the ranching industry, highlights the importance of working landscapes in improving ecological services and achieving species conservation targets. The campaign comes at a pivotal time, as Senator John Barrasso (R-Wyo.), Chairman of the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, introduced the Endangered Species Act Amendments of 2018. Barrasso’s amendments are based on bipartisan policy recommendations from the Western Governors’ Association (WGA) that was informed by several years of workshops and roundtables held throughout the west and including key stakeholders across the political spectrum. Besides PLC and NCBA (as well as many of its state affiliates) participants included state wildlife agencies, conservation groups such as The Audubon Society, The Nature Conservancy, and Environmental Defense Fund, as well as energy companies and sportsmen’s groups. “The Endangered Species Act is showing its age, and needs to be modernized in order to really accomplish its core goal of recovering imperiled species. Without this bipartisan effort, we fear that litigation will remain firmly in the driver’s seat, rather than science,”

PLC President Dave Eliason said. “Participating in the WGA Initiative over the past few years has been a real eye-opener for our industry, and the resulting legislation finally moves us towards a functioning ESA.” According to Kevin Kester, California rancher and NCBA President, the Endangered Species Act Amendments of 2018 is a once in a lifetime opportunity for species conservation reform. “This campaign will help ranchers tell their stories about how ESA impacts their operation and draw that connection for their elected officials on Capitol Hill. This is particularly important as the Endangered Species Act Amendments of 2018 are considered by the Senate,” Kester said. “But it’s also about clearing the air. We want to ensure America understands that the Endangered Species Act needs to be brought into the 21st century. I hope our messages educates elected officials, the media, and the public about the role of ranching in species recovery and habitat conservation.” To learn more about the need to modernize the ESA or to watch the campaign’s kick-off video, visit www.ModernizeEsa.com.

Public Lands Council Announces 50th Anniversary Celebration WASHINGTON (June 26, 2018) – The nation’s voice for western public lands ranchers will commemorate its 50th anniversary this fall in Park City, Utah during the Public Lands Council (PLC) Annual Meeting, September 27-29, 2018. The meeting, held at the Grand Summit Resort, will bring together cattle and sheep producers, industry partners, government officials, and lawmakers to reflect on the past five decades of the PLC and the strong future ahead for the public lands ranching industry. “Our annual meeting is always special, but this celebration will allow us to reflect on the tremendous impact of public lands ranching and to recognize the men and women who helped us achieve some of our key milestones,” said Dave Eliason, PLC President and Utah public lands rancher. “It is

also about coming together with our neighbors and friends and looking forward to the promising future of our industry.” In addition to the informative speakers, issues discussions, and policy making that occurs at every PLC meeting, this year’s celebration will include a special Welcome Barbeque, receptions, historical retrospectives, and a 50thAnniversary Banquet at the Red Pine Lodge perched high above the Canyons Village on the ski slopes. Invited guests include leadership of all federal land management agencies, leading scholars from the best land grant universities around the west, and PLC leaders and alumni from throughout the years. The $250 full-registration includes all conference events and meals. Discounted family registrations and one-day registrations are available. To learn more about PLC’s 50th anniversary and to register for the PLC Annual Meeting visit www. publiclandscouncil.org.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – JULY 2018 31

a structure out of rocks was very labor intensive, but inexpensive, Bruneau, Ida. -The Black Rock Crossing is located approximately 4.5 miles north and sturdy. Settlers ran the risk of not finding enough lumber in of the Idaho-Nevada border on the Bruneau River. There are several buildings there, southern Idaho to build a home, there is no shortage of rocks! ranging from rock to stick built buildings. This is just one of many forgotten gems The building at Black Rock Crossing is likely one of the remaining along the Bruneau River. The reason these stone buildings are so common is because buildings of the freighting operation there. It was established and settlers often needed shelter, and used what materials were readily available. Building run by Bill Murphy in 1896. Murphy and his associates improved the roads, established some hay grounds, and built rock buildings. They serviced the Diamond A and Jarbidge areas. They abandoned this venture in 1900. The land was then homesteaded by Frank Turner. He filed a claim on 640 acres at the crossing and another 480 at Black Rock Pasture. In 1922 the land was sold to Benton Conner. Later in 1922 it was sold to George Rizzi. In 1946 the Alzola brothers purchased the land and in 1990 the land was sold to J.R. Simplot Company, and is part of Simplot’s TM Ranch near Grasmere.

Background Photo: There are several buildings along the Bruneau River at Black Rock Crossing. One of them being a very well-constructed rock building with an iron door on one end and a window with bars on the other. This building is most likely one of the remaining buildings of the freighting operation there.

The wood building probably isn’t as old as the stone building. Black Rock has been used as a crossing between the JP and Diamond A since man has existed in the area. It is one of the few places that the canyon can easily be crossed. At Right: Visitors to Black Rock Crossing leave their marks. Rumor has it, Butch Cassidy and his gang crossed at the Black Rock Crossing after their hold up in Winnemucca. They would steal fresh horses from ranchers along the way and turn their spent horses loose. A group of these spent horses were found on the Diamond A. Maybe some of Cassidy’s loot is buried at Black Rock Crossing?

At right: Rocks are so abundant, they were used for fencing material also. Two tragic incidences happened at Black Rock in 1918. The first was that of a sheepherder who contracted rabies during a rabies epidemic in the area. He became so violent that they had him tied to a bed where he died an agonizing death. The second was that of a man that camped at Black Rock one night. After consuming a can of spoiled tomatoes with his dinner, he also died. Both men are buried at Black Rock.

A view of what is left of the hay field. Billy Murphy and associates established the freight station in 1896. They built the rock buildings, improved the road, and established some hay ground.

On the right: The stones in the arch lintel above the door way were all cut by hand. This is the main building at Black Rock Crossing.

An inside view of the stone building. Not sure how old the hay bales are, but the timbers are all original!

Below: Rocks can be found through out the Grasmere and Bruneau Canyon areas. They were used to construct buildings and road ways.

USDA Announces Japan to Accept Exports of U.S. Sheep and Goat Meat WASHINGTON, U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Sonny Perdue is announcing that the government of Japan has finalized technical requirements that will allow U.S. sheep and goat exports into the country for the first time in more than 14 years. “This success is a direct result of USDA’s dedication to helping America’s farmers and ranchers keep and find new markets for their products,” Secretary Perdue said. “The United States has a reputation for high quality agricultural products and this Administration is committed to helping U.S. producers prosper and share these products with the world.” This announcement comes after extensive work by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) technical staff with Japanese authorities to establish new terms for market access that are science-based and consistent with international public and animal health standards. These terms will allow U.S. exports of sheep and goat meat to resume. Last year, Japan imported $169 million in sheep and goat meat, primarily from Australia and New Zealand. More details on Japan’s export requirements are available from the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service Export Library at: www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/international-affairs/

exporting-products/export-library-requirements-by-country/Japan.

USDA Applauds Housing Eligibility for Temporary Farm Workers (Washington, D.C.)– The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) today released internal guidance on changes made to farm labor housing eligibility. The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2018 amended a section of the Housing Act of 1949 to extend the Farm Labor Housing tenant eligibility to agricultural workers legally admitted to the United States and authorized to work in agriculture. Due to this rule change, domestic farm laborers legally admitted into the country under an H-2A work visa are now eligible for this state-inspected housing. “Finding suitable housing for temporary agriculture workers has always been a challenge faced by our farmers and producers,” Secretary Perdue said. “The seasonal workers coming to the United States do tremendous work for American agriculture. I am pleased that USDA programs can now better assist farmers needing to provide housing while they’re here. I thank Congress for addressing this issue in its most recent funding bill and hope to continue the conversation on farm labor for our agriculture industry.” USDA has

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released internal guidance for implementing this new rule. The application period is now open, with a deadline of August 27, 2018.

USDA Designates Three Counties in Utah as Primary Natural Disaster Areas

Emergency Support to Producers in Surrounding Counties also Available WASHINGTON, — Agricultural producers in Duchesne, Tooele and Uintah counties in Utah, who suffered losses and damages caused by a recent drought, are eligible to apply for FSA’s emergency loans. The loans are made available under the authority of the Secretary of Agriculture, Sonny Perdue. The deadline for producers in designated primary and contiguous counties to apply for emergency loans to help cover part of their actual losses is Feb. 15, 2019. Producers in the contiguous counties of Box Elder, Carbon, Daggett, Davis, Emery, Grand, Juab, Salt Lake, Summit, Utah, Wasatch and Weber in Utah; Garfield, Moffat, Rio Blanco counties in

Colorado; and Elko and White Pine counties in Nevada, are also eligible to apply for emergency loans. FSA will consider each loan application on its own merits, taking into account the extent of losses, security available and repayment ability. FSA has a variety of programs, in addition to the emergency loan program, to help eligible farmers recover from the impacts of this disaster. Other FSA programs that can provide assistance, but do not require a disaster declaration, include: Operating and Farm Ownership Loans; the Emergency Conservation Program; Livestock Forage Disaster Program; Livestock Indemnity Program; Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honeybees and FarmRaised Fish Program; and the Tree Assistance Program. Interested farmers may contact their local USDA service centers for further information on eligibility requirements and application procedures for these and other programs. Additional information is also available online at https://www. farmers.gov.

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istoric On a H

Note

Where Did the Water Go?

By Mike Popovitch

Have you ever wondered what Nevada looked like thousands or even millions of years ago? It certainly didn’t look like it does today. In fact, a lot of the region was covered in water but most of that water had vanished at the end of the last Ice Age as little as 12,000 years ago! The Pleistocene Epoch lasted from about 2.6 million years ago to 12,000 years ago when glaciers covering the Earth began to melt, leaving their mark and forming much of the landscape we know today. Lamoille Canyon in Elko County was formed by enormous glaciers carving their way through the granite mountains. Mt. Wheeler, located on the eastern border of Nevada and Utah contains the dwindling Wheeler Glacier measuring 300’x400’ at an altitude of 11,500’. The depth of Wheeler Glacier is unknown. As the glaciers receded, vast lakes were left in their place. The largest lake in Nevada was ancient Lake Lahontan. Lake Lahontan reached it’s highest levels approximately 12,700 years ago and covered 8,500 square miles with most of it’s water being located at the present day Carson Sink, north of Fallon. The greatest depth of Lake Lahontan was at the site of today’s Stillwater Wildlife Refuge on the southeastern part of the Carson Sink and measured almost 700’! Westward emigrants traveling the Carson Trail led them from the Humboldt Sink (south of Lovelock) to the Carson Valley. Their arduous journey took them across the Forty Mile Desert (part of the Carson Sink), an area void of any potable water before reaching Ragtown on the Carson River west of Fallon where potable water could be found. In my own journeys, I have traversed the Carson Sink just south of Lovelock all the way to Ragtown and what appears to be a flat and barren landscape is actually full of variation. The northern edge of the sink is bordered by the West Humboldt Range and to the east, the Stillwater Range. At the northeastern edge of the sink, there are very old and wide packed

gravel roads laid out in a grid that appear on maps but are barely visible today as the sage and grasses camouflage their presence. Was this a once planned community for future growth? Perhaps this was in anticipation of the many mines that are in this part of the sink. A little to the southwest is the Bravo-20 bombing range. Fenced off and posted with clear warnings to keep out, you can find many scattered .50 caliber brass shell casings littering the dusty surface around the range. In the middle of the range is Lone Rock, a solitary pinnacle of rock that is held sacred by the Paiute. Venturing south from the West Humboldt Range, there is a buffer of sand dunes covered with grasses and after meandering in and out of them for about half a mile, the sink opens up to a flat playa. Continuing southward, I’ve passed a few natural springs bubbling up through the talcum powder-like soil. Remnants of machinery that was brought in to dig massive irrigation ditches still litters the area, rusting away to almost nothing. These waterways, impassible by vehicle or on foot will stretch for a mile or so before giving way to a land bridge. Their waters are often tainted red from the algae that grows in this murky brine. Traveling further south, the playa continues to be a vast wasteland with a brief oasis of sand dunes and grasses before connecting to the pristine wetlands of the Fallon National Wildlife Refuge, providing an important stopover for migrating waterfowl. Eventually, the wetlands disappears to the silt of ancient Lake Lahontan giving way to civilization thus ending the vast area of the Carson Sink close to Highway 50 and the Carson River. So where did all of that water go? Over thousands of years and global warming, the water simply evaporated and created the desert landscape we see today. The lake dried up and it’s feeding tributaries shrank, becoming the Walker, Humboldt, Truckee and Carson Rivers. As the American West

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was settled, farmers relied upon the much needed waters that fed this area and by the early 1860’s, irrigation ditches were built along the Truckee River to divert water to power mills. The area continued to grow and by the late 1800’s, many dams were built which limited the migration of fish. As the population increased, so did the demand for water. However, much of the land along the rivers was under private ownership by a handful of settlers and cattleman. Most of that water would never reach the farmers who depended on it for their crops. On June 17, 1902, Congress enacted the National Reclamation Act, also known as the Newland Act, to “appropriate the receipts from the sale and disposal of public lands in certain States and Territories to the construction of irrigation works for the reclamation of arid lands.” Named after Francis G. Newlands, this project would provide a complex irrigation system that would divert water from the Truckee and Carson Rivers to local family farms. In 1903, construction of the project was underway and supervised by the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR). The BOR would eventually oversee construction of the Hoover Dam, Grand Coulee Dam, and close to 75,000 dams throughout the country during the twentieth century. By the mid 1990’s, the Secretary of the Interior estimated that a dam a day was built (even on weekends) since the signing of the Declaration of Independence and that the BOR had gone too far by shifting its goals of benefiting the communities to simply building dams for profit. By the 1970’s, construction of dams had come to a stand still and by the 1990’s, it was deemed that although dams are a benefit to this industrialized nation, they come at a cost to the ecosystem, in many cases reducing freshwater mussels, dragonfly, crayfish, and fish populations to near extinction. The National Reclamation Act also funded the construction of the Lahontan Dam, Rye Patch Dam, Derby Dam, and the Marble Bluff Dam. On a recent visit to the Rye Patch Reservoir (an area that covers 10,820 acres when full), I was lucky enough to get a tour of the facility which included going below the dam to view the massive pipelines and valve system that propels water downstream to feed the farms of nearby Lovelock. The dam

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was constructed in 1936 and was operated manually by hydraulic valves. Today, that system is electrically operated with updated valves and pipes thus accurately meeting the demand by Lovelock farmers. No longer owned by the BOR, Rye Patch Dam is owned and operated by the Pershing County Water Conservation District. As the population of Nevada continues to grow, so does the demand for it’s natural resources. Through controlled management, hopefully this precious commodity will remain for a very long time. Pictured: AncientLake Lahontan

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Your Checkoff At Work

Beef Meal Kits Rolled Out Nationwide Content Provided Courtesy of Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. Cooking a delicious, healthy, beef meal from scratch has never been easier with the launch of fresh beef meal kits in retail grocery stores across the country. Developed by American Foods Group in collaboration with Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner., the Steak Bowl meal kits rolled out in select stores in February and have expanded to more than 1,500 stores, including one of the top 5 retailers this year. The kits create a complete beef meal featuring globally inspired flavors that consumers crave. Eat them as is, or add you family’s favorite vegetables to make it your own. They can be found in the fresh meat department and feature USDA choice beef packaged raw with all of the ingredients needed to make several meal options: • Korean Style Bulgogi Beef Bowl • Steak Burrito Bowl • Steak & Tzatziki Bowl • Steak and Mash Bowl “We are really excited to see these beef meal kits come to fruition,” said Shenoa French, director of Manufacturer Engagement at the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, a contractor to the beef checkoff. “Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. understands that people want quick, delicious, healthy options and we are happy deliver that in one package that people can be excited to serve to their loved ones.” Priced between $12.48 and $17.99, each beef meal kit feeds four to six people and offers today’s busy family a hot meal at home in under 30 minutes and only one pan. Not just convenient, beef provides 10 essential nutrients including zinc, iron, protein and b-vitamins, they are a healthy addition to any dinner table. The kits give the retail customer the opportunity to experience a meal kit or new flavor without a subscription. Consumers continue to demand beef at retail. Along with this, the 2018 Power of Meat Study finds that shoppers continue to look for ways to include convenience-focused solutions in their meal lineup. The Marketside meal kits are the perfect solution for shoppers looking for a fresh beef option in a quick and convenient package.

New Study Finds Beef in a Mediterranean-Style Diet Supports Heart Health Research released today by Purdue University found that following a Mediterranean-style eating pattern that includes lean red meats like lean beef is just as effective in supporting a healthy heart as a Mediterranean-style diet that limits red meats. This new research study adds to the growing body of scientific evidence demonstrating lean beef can be part of healthy eating patterns to support heart health and increase flexibility for healthy eating.

38 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Specific findings from the new research, published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, include: • Following a Mediterranean-style eating pattern including 7 to 18 ounces of lean, fresh red meat per week was shown to improve cardiometabolic disease risk factor profiles. Fresh meats were defined in the study as requiring no further preservation or processing beyond refrigeration or freezing; they are not cured, salted or smoked or include chemical preservatives. • Including 18 ounces of lean, fresh red meat per week as part of a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern was found to be more effective in lowering LDL cholesterol than a similar eating pattern that only included 7 ounces of lean, fresh red meat. The average American consumes 18 ounces of red meat per week. • Study participants following a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern including up to 18 ounces of lean, fresh red meat per week saw reductions in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and blood pressure. “The most important takeaway from this study is that Americans trying to eat healthier can enjoy lean beef as part of a Mediterranean-style eating pattern and improve cholesterol and blood pressure,” said Shalene McNeill, Ph.D., R.D., executive director of nutrition research for the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff. “While this study focused on unprocessed lean red meat, research on processed meats in healthy diets is being planned because there are now many prepared meats, like lean deli roast beef, that are lower in fat and sodium.” Taking place over a 16-week period, the study followed 41 overweight or obese adults who consumed differing amounts of lean red meat in Mediterranean-style diet interventions. The study was funded in part by the National Institute of Health’s Ingestive Behavior Research Center at Purdue University, the National Institute of Health’s Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, the Beef Checkoff and the National Pork Board. These organizations had no role in in conducting the study, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data or writing of the manuscript. Consuming a Mediterranean-style eating pattern is consistently associated with reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease. It is often characterized by relatively high consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole-grains, nuts/seeds and olive oil.

Learn more about your beef checkoff at www.mybeefcheckoff.org, or visit www.beefitswhatsfordinner.com. Please Note Our New Address The Nevada Beef Council has moved! 4231 Pacific Street, Suite 35 Rocklin, California, 95677 877.554.2333 www.nevadabeef.org

Why a California address? For a number of years, the NBC has contracted with the California Beef Council staff to carry out its programs and campaigns, providing significant savings on overhead and administrative costs. The office was recently relocated from Sacramento to Placer County, California, bringing it even closer to the California/Nevada border.

Let’s eat!

Fresh Produce and Grass Fed Beef

Photo by: Jennifer Whiteley

This is a great summer salad that makes a lot and can stay in your refrigerator up to 2 months. The vibrant colors make this a pretty salad.

Enjoying the end of summer with delicious fresh food Jennifer Whiteley The Nevada Rancher

Lamoille, Nev.-Living in the high desert, we don’t have unlimited access to fresh produce. That is probably my only complaint about living in Lamoille. Our short growing season and remoteness really limits what is available to us year-round for fresh produce. The added expense of trucking produce in can be cost prohibited for a varied diet of fresh fruits and vegetables. I often feel like if you don’t like apples, oranges, potatoes, and lettuce, you are limited to canned and frozen foods. This is part of why I like August so much. Towards the end of the month, my little garden is generally producing enough food for some variety in our diets. We also have the opportunity to purchase fresh produce from our local Farmer’s

Markets. I like the opportunity to support small local business and feed my family locally sourced fresh foods. At our local Farmer’s Markets, products range from artisanal cheese, grass fed beef, honey, fresh produce, and natural fibers. All products are grown or harvested locally, and it is fun to wander through the booths visiting with fellow shoppers, and the artisans who bring their items to sell. One of our favorite products to purchase are cucumbers. Picked the morning of purchase, they are cool and crisp, and perfect for a cucumber salad. Our favorite recipe makes a lot of salad! Imagine enough to feed a small army, so it is great for potlucks and picnics. It travels really well and will keep for a couple of months.

Sloppy Joes Ingredients: 2 Tablespoons Butter 2-1/2 pounds Grass Fed Ground Beef 1/2 whole Large Onion Diced 1 whole Large Green Bell Pepper Diced 5 cloves Garlic Minced 1-1/2 cup Ketchup 1 cup Water 2 Tablespoons Brown Sugar 2 Tablespoons Pork Rub* Worcestershire Sauce to Taste 1 small can Tomato Sauce Instructions Add butter to a large skillet or dutch oven over medium high heat. Add ground beef and cook until brown. Drain most of the fat and discard. Add onions, green pepper, and garlic. Cook for a few minutes, or until vegetables begin to get soft. Add ketchup, brown sugar, pork rub, and water. Stir to combine and simmer for 15 minutes. Also

add tomato sauce and Worcestershire. Taste and adjust seasonings as needed. Spread rolls with butter and brown on a griddle or skillet. Spoon meat mixture over the rolls.

Cucumber Salad Ingredients: 6 large cucumbers, unpeeled and sliced into rounds 1 sliced red onion 1 sliced red pepper 1 sliced yellow pepper 1-tbsp salt 1-cup white vinegar 2-cups sugar 1-tsp celery seed 1-tsp mustard seed

Directions: Mix cucumbers, onions, peppers and salt; set aside. Put vinegar, sugar, celery seed and mustard seed in a small pot and bring to a boil. Remove from heat and let cool for about one hour. Pour mixture over cucumbers. Store in refrigerator. Will keep up to 2 months.

Another way to utilize produce and beef from your Farmer’s Market is this quick, easy Sloppy Joe Recipe. If you are lucky, you can purchase some homemade bread buns to go with it!

*Pork Rub: If you have one you like, use it! Here is what I use: Ingredients: 2 tbsp ground fennel seeds 2 tsp ground cumin 1 tbsp ground coriander seeds 1/2 cup brown sugar 2 tbsp salt 2 tbsp smoked paprika 1 tbsp garlic powder 1 tbsp onion powder 1 tbsp ground cayenne 1 tbsp black pepper 1 tbsp dried oregano 1 tbsp dry mustard Directions: Mix all together and store in an airtight container.

Photo by: Jennifer Whiteley

Since grass fed beef has a lower fat content, you will really need the butter to keep your ground beef from sticking to your Dutch oven. If you use conventional raised beef, you can omit the butter.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 39

Full Pardons for Dwight and Steven Hammond

Tuesday July 10, 2018--Diamond, OR. - Today, President Trump issued an Executive Grant of Clemency, which is a full pardon, to Dwight and Steven Hammond. Our family is grateful to the president and all who worked to make this possible, and to bring this about. From long before our family’s legal challenges, through the trial in 2012, the re-sentencing and return to federal prison in 2016, and the last several years while Dwight and Steven were in federal prison, Dwight and Steven and our family have done all we can do to demonstrate faith in our country and in principles of decency, fairness and justice. We have been a cattle ranching family dedicated to basic principles, and a basic life. With Dwight and Steven returning home we will continue on our path, continue ranching and continue believing in America. The original judge who sentenced Dwight and Steven, openly stated that the laws under which the prosecution took place, specifically the mandatory minimum sentences that were required – were unjust and shock the conscience. Yet, prosecutors appealed his ruling, and today President Trump accurately described that appeal as “an overzealous appeal.” We agree that it was overzealous and share the opinion that there is no place in our courts or anywhere else in the administration of our federal government for overzealousness, and the kind of animus that has been directed at our family by federal officers for years. Again, we express gratitude for the support we’ve received from our local community, for all those who wrote letters of support, for those who worked behind the scenes, and for those who have stood by our family through these hard times. While we recognize that our path forward will still be difficult, like it is with virtually all ranching families, we are hopeful that this action by President Trump today, will also help signal the need for a more measured and just approach by federal agents, federal officers and federal prosecutors – in all that they do. During this whole ordeal there has been a lot of false information in the media. Our family has already paid $400,000 related to the civil damages alleged by the government in this matter, in addition to the combine 7 years Dwight and Steven have spent in prison. We are hopeful that respected media outlets will use professional discretion and judgment before repeating false and misleading stories about the history of this legal ordeal. All of us have a duty

to stand up for core American principles. Today, the President of the United States has blessed our family by doing so. As Susie said earlier this morning, “We’ve been waiting a long time” but today’s decision by the President, “is wonderful.” We are very anxiously looking forward to seeing Dwight and Steven home. By: Morgan Philpot, Hammond Family Attorney Phone: 801.891-4499 morgan@jmphilpotlaw.com Statement from Hammond Family On President Trump’s Pardon of Dwight and Steven

Statement from the Press Secretary Regarding Executive Clemency for Dwight and Steven Hammond Whitehouse press release: July 10, 2018 President Donald J. Trump signed Executive Grants of Clemency (Full Pardons) for Dwight Lincoln Hammond, Jr., and his son, Steven Hammond. The Hammonds are multi-generation cattle ranchers in Oregon imprisoned in connection with a fire that leaked onto a small portion of neighboring public grazing land. The evidence at trial regarding the Hammonds’ responsibility for the fire was conflicting, and the jury acquitted them on most of the charges. At the Hammonds’ original sentencing, the judge noted that they are respected in the community and that imposing the mandatory minimum, 5-year prison sentence would “shock the conscience” and be “grossly disproportionate to the severity” of their conduct. As a result, the judge imposed significantly lesser sentences. The previous administration, however, filed an overzealous appeal that resulted in the Hammonds being sentenced to five years in prison. This was unjust. Dwight Hammond is now 76 years old and has served approximately three years in prison. Steven Hammond is 49 and has served approximately four years in prison. They have also paid $400,000 to the United States to settle a related civil suit. The Hammonds are devoted family men, respected contributors to their local community, and have widespread support from their neighbors, local law enforcement, and farmers and ranchers across the West. Justice is overdue for Dwight and Steven Hammond, both of whom are entirely deserving of these Grants of Executive Clemency.

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The cost of not pregnancy-checking your cattle can be 93-95% sure they are pregnant. This test will According to the results of a survey conducted not determine stage of pregnancy (i.e. 90 days versus by the National Animal Health Monitoring System, fewer than 20 percent of beef cow calf producers Pershing County Extension Educator Steve Foster 120 days). If you have not incorporated this management in the United States used pregnancy testing or practice in the past, please do so this year so that you will not be feeding palpation in their herd. However, the benefits of this practice are fairly simple to realize. First of non-productive females this fall and winter. When it comes time to cull cows from your herd, pregnancy status is one all, pregnancy diagnosis allows producers to identify “open” or non-pregnant cows. Alternatively, unless actively looking for signs of a cow returning of the first criteria that will determine whether a cow stays or starts a new to estrous, the cost of not pregnancy diagnosing a cow is the cost of feeding career in the fast food industry. the cow from the end of the breeding season until the end of the calving season and then finding out she was not bred. According to Dr. Andrew Griffith, Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Tennessee that cost can vary depending on the time of year and weather conditions but will generally range from $200 to $400 per head. Thus, finding one open cow out of 40 head will essentially pay for pregnancy checking. Early pregnancy detection offers these advantages: 1. It gives early warning of breeding trouble, such as infertility in males and problem breeders in females. 2. It makes it possible to rebreed or sell non-pregnant females. COURTESY PRAIRIE HOMESTEAD WEBSITE 3. It allows for separation and grouping of females as pregnant and Drawing a blood sample from a cow. non-pregnant, which provides opportunity for proper management (i.e., Sources: nutrition, culling, and so forth). 4. It gives an operator an opportunity to use his facilities effectively at all Don’t Forget to Preg Check Your Cows, Les Anderson, Beef Extension Specialist, University Of Kentucky seasons of the year, and particularly at calving time. 5. It makes it possible to guarantee pregnancy on females that are for sale. The Cost of Keeping One Open Cow Can Pay to Have the Herd Pregnancy Pregnancy diagnosis is a quick and simple procedure. Three practical Checked, Dr. Andrew Griffith, Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculturmethods for pregnancy diagnosis can be used in beef cattle: 1) rectal palpa- al and Resource Economics, University of Tennessee. tion and 2) transrectal ultrasonography 3) blood sampling. Rectal palpation is most common and is an accurate form of pregnancy diagnosis that can be performed after day 45 of pregnancy. Many veterinarians are proficient at rectal palpation, and this procedure requires little time in the squeeze chute. Transrectal ultrasonography, commonly referred to as ultrasound, can be used to detect pregnancy as early as 28 days with a high degree of accuracy. This method can be employed just as quickly as rectal palpation when done by a skilled technician and may provide additional information that cannot be determined by rectal palpation. Using transrectal ultrasonography, the technician is actually “looking” at the fetus and can determine the viability of the fetus and the incidence of twins. It is also possible to determine the sex of the fetus between days 60 and 90 of pregnancy. The blood test method to determine pregnancy is simple and accurate. First, a blood sampling kit needs to be ordered from the company. A quick google search will help you find the closest lab. Usually, the cost is about $1.50-2.00 per cow for the kit. All the tubes should be labeled according to the instructions in the kit. The most difficult part of this process for most producers will be obtaining the blood sample. Cows must be at least 30 days pregnant and 90 days from calving for the test to work. In addition, producers who have no experience taking a blood sample will need to schedule this test with their local veterinarian. Once the sample is obtained, the samples are packaged and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The cost for the test is $2.50-3.00 per cow. Therefore, the total cost per cow will be the cost of the kit, plus the test cost, plus the cost of mailing and any costs associated with obtaining the sample if you cannot do it yourself. Likely, the cost per cow will be about $5 per cow for most producers. The results are normally obtained with 2-3 days and the accuracy of the test is very high. If the test calls the cow open, then the producer is 99+ percent sure the cow is open. When the test determines a cow pregnant, you THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 41

Extension Highlights

McDermitt Ranch Rodeo Results For the last 103 years on July 3rd and 4th the McDermitt, NV (Oregon) Ranch Rodeo hosts a spectacular event- Fun for Everyone and Old-Time Sportsmanship

Ranch Bronc Riding – Justin Timberlake (Lisle and Friends Team) Steer Stopping – Taren Hays (White Horse Ranch Team) Horse Roping – Dusty Easterday, Hyland Wilkinson (Easterday Ranch) Big Loop Cow Roping – Devon Castle, Leland McDonald (Horseshoe One Ranch) Team Branding – Nine Mile Ranch (Victor Ugalde, Nic Nyman, Ross O’Sullivan, Zalen Arritola)

Ranch Bronc Ride-Off Winner – Maliki McLain Ranch Horse Race Winner – Bonnie Dory 2018 McDermitt Ranch Rodeo Team Champions – The Owyhee Guys (Woody & JR Harney, Desi Dotson, Clay Stremler, Eddie Solis) Second Place – Horseshoe One (Leland McDonald, Devon Castle, Gabby Bertagnali, Quentin Anseth, Lorenzo Laracea Third Place – Lisle and Friends ( Roly, Jess, and Brandy Lisle, Jim Young, Justin Timberlake) Nine Mile Ranch – Victor Ugalde, Staheli Wilkinson, Nic Nyman, Ross O’Sullivan)

42 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Picture Credit: Kathy Bengoa The Cowboy Life

Desi Dotson Break Away Roping for the Owyhee Guys

Greetings from Cow Country By: Sam Mori NCA President

I write this month’s article with much emotion and concern. Our first thoughts and prayers go out to the people and animals lives that have been changed by the devastation of the recent Martin fire. Many in the livestock industry have been predicting this kind of catastrophe for many years now. It is an absolute shame that it took a calamity of this magnitude to bring people’s attention to the fact that we cannot continue to mismanage the fuel loads on our rangelands. The hardship to those involved will be a long challenging process. Not only to cattle, but also to our wildlife companions. It is positive in early communications with agency personnel that they realize it is impossible to continue down this road. The changes that need to be made are not that complicated but it will take some guts and courage within agency offices at high levels to accomplish a change in direction. Allowing increased grazing where needed only makes sense and is similar to buying an insurance policy against fire frequency and size.

Your Association has been in contact with all of those

involved in many capacities of this predicament from the local, state and Washington D.C. levels on a daily basis. It is a shame to witness a loss like this, if it happens again without a change in management, shame on us! Many of us will be marketing cattle in the next several months. I wish all of you the best of luck in this so very important task. Early summer sales have been slightly better than last year. The hot spell we are experiencing is one that reminds us that Mother Nature still holds the trump card in resource production. Let’s hope our cattle don’t get in a place without water as there is a lot of activity on the roads right now. Some people don’t realize the importance of keeping the gates the way you found them. We are saddened by the loss of Tim Delong. Tim was a very well respected cow man and was one of the first to advocate the video auction process to market his cattle. His Charolais cattle were always well accepted at sale time. Our thoughts and prayers go to Tim’s family and friends. Well folks, thunder is clapping outside of our house right now and I am headed out to take a look. Best of luck to all of you. Sam

The recipient of this years $2000 Nevada Heritage Foundation Scholarship Award is Connor Billman. Billman is a graduate of Douglas High School in Minden, Nevada. Currently Billman is a Junior at the University of Nevada, Reno, pursuing a degree in animal science. The ultimate goal of Billman is to earn a master’s degree in education and teach agriculture science. “I am very grateful to be chosen as the recipient for the Nevada Heritage Scholarship this year,” said Connor Billman. “I plan on continuing to apply myself to more diverse agriculture opportunities so that I can become a more well-rounded agriculture leader and educator. Thank you for your support!” Ag has always been a passion for Billman for as long as he can remember being involved in the National FFA Organization and Ag in the Classroom as a presenter for the Nevada Department of Agriculture. Billman also serves as an Ag Senator for the Associated Students at the University of Nevada, Reno and is the Vice President for the Nevada Farm Bureau Collegiate Young Farmers & Ranchers. Billman is constantly trying to expand his knowledge and awareness of agriculture issues. Last summer Billman attended Agriculture Future of America Leaders (AFA) in Kansas City Missouri. This was an excellent opportunity for Billman to learn more about ways he could expand his personal and professional development skills to better prepare him for his future as an agriculture educator. Being able to attend the AFA conference last summer is what Billman believes prepared him for the internship he landed this summer at Cargill, as the Food, Safety, Quality, and Regulatory (FSQR) Intern. Billman is grateful for all the opportunities so far and looks forward to continuing to expand is education this coming school year.

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 43

! r o d n e V A e m Beco

The Nevada Rancher Magazine is the oldest independently owned agriculture magazine in Nevada. Each month, we cover the ranching news, issues and people you need to know. Our viewpoints are unique and the major ity of our stories won’t be found anywhere else! You’ll be proud to sell the Rancher each month, and we have great terms to make it easy and profitable for your business. Our vending agreements start at 10 pieces, for which you’ll pay just $5. Sell these for $2.00 each and keep the profits. We’ll bill you each month, and if you ever need to increase the number that’s as quick as a phone call. VENDING INQUIRIES Tracy Wadley

Business Manager (775) 623-5011 ext. 212 t.wadley@winnemuccapublishing.net 44 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

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Three-Day Authentic West Event in Ely, Nevada 83rd annual White Pine Fair and Horse Races

for the race are determined by the value of all bets placed rather than by the house, meaning the odds are not finalized until betting is closed.

White Pine County, Nev. — This August, troves of visitors from all over will flock to the 83rd annual White Pine Fair and Horse Races Western festival in Ely, Nev. Eventgoers can expect the same thrills and nod to Western tradition at this jam-packed, threeday event that has taken place for decades.

First established in the 1920s, these exciting races draw thousands of bettors and spectators from all over the country. Race attendees can view race post times Friday, Aug. 17 at 3 p.m., and Saturday, Aug. 18 and Sunday, Aug. 19 at 1 p.m. at the county fairgrounds.

The weekend-long series of celebrations promises the customs and nostalgia of a true American Western experience. The pinnacle event of the weekend is the White Pine Horse Races, held at White Pine County Fairgrounds Aug. 17-19. Spectators can feel the ground shake from the rumble of about 150 thoroughbred and quarter horses racing around the track and experience the rush of adrenaline from neck-andneck finishes. Gambling, mouth-watering food and other Old West events make this thrilling weekend a can’t miss.

“We are excited to once again bring together our community and visitors for this momentous tradition,” said Ely Mayor Melody VanCamp. “It is always great fun during this time of year. There is something for everyone to enjoy.”

“This is truly White Pine County’s biggest event, drawing hundreds of volunteers and thousands of fans,” said Jim Bath, chairman of White Pine Horse Races. “Not many towns still have horse racing with parimutuel betting, and I’m proud of our county for keeping these races alive.” In a parimutuel betting system, the payoff odds

2018 Lost Rivers Grazing Academy September 11-14 in beautiful Salmon, Idaho. This is a great class for anyone interested in learning more about management-intensive grazing of irrigated pastures. The program is a good mix of classroom and hands-on activities. It is taught by UI Extension faculty along with featured speaker Jim Gerrish from American Grazing Lands Services. Jim has a lifetime of experience as a researcher, practitioner, and consultant on livestock grazing. How You Can Benefit: • Enhance your grazing-management skills and improve your forage and livestock production • Reduce the dollars and hours you spend fertilizing, harvesting, and feeding hay • Increase your animal units and net income • Improve deteriorating pastures • Gain a foundation of knowledge from which to launch a new livestock operation • Learn sustainable practices that will

The weekend series of events also features a rodeo, an authentic barbecue, a county fair and a 4-H Livestock Show and Auction, kicking off with a bang on Friday, Aug. 17 and extending through Sunday, Aug. 19. Additionally, the White Pine Ranch Rodeo will begin at 10 a.m. on Friday Aug. 17 with more rodeo events taking place throughout the weekend. Cowboys and cowgirls from all over the U.S. will converge in Ely to show off their roping skills, cattle doctoring, ranch sorting, steer stopping and bronco riding expertise. That evening, the Ely Volunteer Fire Department’s

maintain and improve the productivity of your ranch Learn How to: • Design grazing cells and determine appropriate stocking rates • Design water systems • Design and build permanent and portable electric fences for use under center-pivots and wheel lines • Minimize animal stress during handling • Stockpile standing forage and draw on animals’ “fat banks” to reduce winter feed costs • Devise custom-grazing leases • Develop a ranch economic plan For More Information: Scott Jensen, UI Extension Educator, Owyhee County at 208-896-4104, or scottj@uidaho.edu in Marsing Chad Cheyney, UI Extension Professor Emeritus at 208-940-0222, or ccheyney@uidaho.edu in Arco

Barbecue begins at 5 p.m., serving up tasty beef, lamb and turkey for attendees to enjoy. The County Fair is another featured event of the weekend, taking place on both Aug. 18 and 19. With exhibits, unique vendor booths, cooking and eating contests and live entertainment, these festivities promise fun for the whole family. Evening hours are filled with great live music and dancing. The band Good Friends will be jamming from 6:30 p.m. until midnight on Aug. 17 and 18. Meanwhile, the 4-H Livestock Show and Auction will also take place on Aug. 18 and 19, giving eventgoers a taste of an authentic Western ag tradition. “This weekend is really about showcasing the heart and soul of what makes White Pine County special and sharing that with everyone,” said Steve Stork, White Pine County Tourism and Recreation Board chairman. “It’s a real honor to be part of this town, and being part of these events really puts that into perspective.” This three-day western festival takes place in Ely, Nev., located on US Highway 50 and Highway 93 which is 240 miles from Las Vegas, 240 miles from Salt Lake City and 320 miles from Reno. To discover more about the horse races weekend visit, https:// www.elynevada.net/horse-races/.

BLM offering Cold Creek wild horses for public adoption and sale RIDGECREST, Calif. – Wild horses from southern Nevada public rangelands will be offered for adoption and sale Saturday, Aug. 11, at the Bureau of Land Management’s Ridgecrest Regional Wild Horse and Burro Corrals, 3647 Randsburg Wash Road, Ridgecrest. The BLM plans to offer 57 geldings ranging in age from 2 to 20 years old, and 25 fillies and geldings under 2 years old. The mustangs are from the Cold Creek area of the Wheeler Pass Joint Management Area near Las Vegas. Event gates open at 7 a.m. and a live auction gets underway at 8 a.m. Horses not taken during bidding will be available on a first-come, firstserved basis from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. The adoption fee is $125. The sale fee is $25. The BLM and the U.S. Forest Service gathered the animals from the Cold Creek area to maintain wild herd populations at levels that can be

sustained with available forage and water. To qualify, adopters must be at least 18 years old and have no convictions for inhumane treatment of animals. BLM staff members will interview all prospective adopters to be sure they meet the BLM adoption requirements. Newly adopted horses must be kept in corrals with at least 400 square feet of space per animal (20 feet by 20 feet), surrounded by a six-foot fence built of pipe or boards. Adopters can keep horses under 18 months old in corrals with five-foot fences. Adopters must provide a shelter to provide protection from extreme weather. Title to adopted wild horses and burros remains with the federal government for one year. After providing a year of good care, adopters can receive the title. Those who buy animals, receive title to their animals immediately. Buyers must sign an affidavit stating they have no intention of giving away or selling the animal for use in commercial products. More info: BLM.gov/whb or call (866) 468-7826

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 45

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ALLIE BEAR REAL ESTATE Specializing in Nevada Ranches and Farms Eureka Farm - 1,080 acres in Diamond Valley

Great farm with 6 pivots, 3 in alfalfa, 1 in wheat and 2 in fescue and garrison that pasture approx. 400 hd from May to corrals, arena, and loading chute.

Gavica Ranch

10750 Gavica Lane, Paradise Valley. Beautiful 48 acre ranch near the base of Santa Rosa Mountains. A clean updated home with 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, stucco exterior, metal roof, covered patio, spacious garage, carport, lawn and mature trees. The acreage produces approximately 60 ton of prime grass hay. There are 39.36 acres of water rights with a well maintained irrigation system. There is a shop and corrals and currently runs 40 head of cows for 9 months of the year. Unique location! Clear Creek Ranch Year around cattle ranch approx. 10,000 deeded acres, 6 pivots and with 11-month BLM permit. Only 15 miles from Winnemucca, NV. Ranch Manager’s home, equipment yard, Log Cottage, 2 large diameter irrigation wells, excellent surface & underground water rights with one of the longest perennial streams in the Great Basin. New price includes all equipment and cattle.

Beautiful Farm/Ranch 45Miles N of Elko

Located in Elko County on the headwaters of the North Fork of Humboldt River. Approximately 3000 Deeded Acres, with 2169 Water Right Acres. Beautiful newly remodeled three strory home, duplex with 2 bedrooms, 1 bath in each unit, manufactured home. Airstrip and large aircraft hangar. 6 New Reinke pivots with over 17,000 feet of large diameter underground mainlines providing very low operating costs of gravity stream water.

279.93 Acres Lamoille

Beautiful Property wih Ruby Mountain Views and seasonal creek. Access is from Lower Lamoille Road

Diamond Mountain Land

Eureka Co - 160 acres 100 Pedrioli - $72,000

Starr Valley Farm/Ranchette front porch and large back deck, attached 2 car garage with storage. Cozy guest house with 2 bedrooms, 1 bathroom with enclosed porch. Barn with loft/studio, nice horse stalls, hay storage, work shop area, roughed in half bath, two 17kw generators. Bunk house for more guests. Corrals have upgraded fencing as well as the pasture. Starr Valley rarely has properties for sale, this is a must see! View Complete listings at www.ARanchBroker.com

775-738-8535 • 775-777-6416 Allie Bear, Broker/Realtor Dawn Mitton, Broker/Realtor

Antelope Peak Ranch: 5,300 deeded plus BLM permit attached to ranch. 5 center pivot’s irrigating approx. 583 acres plus another 28 acres with surface water rights out of large spring. Three homes plus shop and other outbuildings. This Elko Co. ranch offered at $3,900,000.

Bottari & Associates Realty

Mason Mountain Ranch: 3782 deeded acres plus small BLM permit. Summers up to 300 pair In the past. Recent improvements to stock watering sources and new set of corrals. Landowner Elk Tag(s). This is good summer range! $1,750,000. PENDING Still showing and back-up offers considered! Ruby Valley Ranch: 1,023 Acres at foot of the Rubies with surface water rights for approx.. 300 Antelope Peak Ranch: 5,300 deeded plus BLM permit attached to ranch. 5 center pivot’s acres and permits for 375 acres of underground water for irrigation. On paved road. approx. acres pluspivot’s another 28 acres with surface water rights out of large Antelope Peak Ranch: 5,300 deeded plus BLM permitirrigating attached to ranch.5835Price: center Some improvements $750./acre. spring. Three homes plus shop and other outbuildings. This Elko Co. ranch offered at irrigating approx. 583 acres plus another 28 acres with surface water rights out of large White Flats: Approx. 2560 deeded acres, all contiguous, approx.. 15 miles South of Elko with $3,900,000. spring. Three homes plus shop and other outbuildings. This Elko Co. ranch offered at fence for 4 miles already. Would make a good seeding! Price: $499,500. $3,900,000. Mason Mountain Ranch: 3782 deeded acres plus small BLM permit. Summers up to 300 pair In past. Recent improvements stock Mason Mountain Ranch: 3782 deeded acres plus smallthe BLM permit. Summers up to 300to pair In watering sources and new set of corrals. Landowner Elk Tag(s). is:good summeracres range! $1,750,000. PENDING Still showing the past. Recent improvements to stock watering sources and new Property set This of corrals. Jiggs, Nevada Smith Creek 2 20 deeded with approx.. 126 with surface water and back-up offers considered! Landowner Elk Tag(s). This is good summer range! $1,750,000. PENDING Still showing rights out of Smith Creek. Great homesite already carved out of the hill above the and back-up offers considered! meadows wellAcres and trees planted. On county road approx.. 30 miles Ruby Valley Ranchwith : 1,023 at foot of the Rubies with maintained surface water rights for approx.. 300 out of Elko. Price: $700,000. Ruby Valley Ranch: 1,023 Acres at foot of the Rubies with surface water rights for acres approx.. acres and permits for 375 of 300 underground water for irrigation. On paved road. acres and permits for 375 acres of underground water for irrigation. Price: On paved road. Some improvements $750./acre. Some improvements Price: $750./acre. White Flats: Approx. 2560 deeded acres, all contiguous, approx.. 15 miles South of Elko with White Flats: Approx. 2560 deeded acres, all contiguous, approx.. miles South ofWould Elko with fence for 4 15 miles already. make a good seeding! Price: $499,500. fence for 4 miles already. Would make a good seeding! Price: $499,500.

Paul D. Bo�ari, Broker

E-mail: paul@bottarirealty.com • Bus. 775-752-3040 • Res. 775-752-3809 • Fax 775-752-3021 • 122 8th Street • P.O. Box 368 • Wells, NV 89835

Antelope Peak Ranch: 5,300 deeded plus BLM permit attached to ranch.

Ranch properties now available through Bottari and Associates Realty

center pivot’s

Jiggs, Nevada Creek Property : 2 of20large deeded acres with approx.. 126 with surface water irrigating approx. 583 acres plus another 28 acres withSmith surface water rights out Jiggs, Nevada Smith Creek Property: 2 20 deeded acres with approx.. 126 with surface water rights out of Elko Smith Creek. homesite already carved out of the hill above the spring. Three homes plus shop and other outbuildings. This Co. ranch Great offered at rights out of Smith Creek. Great homesite already carved out of the hill above the $3,900,000. meadows with well and trees planted. On county maintained road approx.. 30 miles meadows with well and trees planted. On county maintained road approx.. 30 miles of permit. Elko. Price: $700,000. Mason Mountain Ranch: 3782 deeded acres plus smallout BLM Summers up to 300 pair In out of Elko. Price: $700,000. the past. Recent improvements to stock watering sources and new set of corrals. Landowner Elk Tag(s). This is good summer range! $1,750,000. PENDING Still showing and back-up offers considered!

Mason Mountain Ranch: 3782 deeded acres plus small BLM permit. Summers up to 300 pair in the past. Recent improvements to stock

Ruby Valley Ranch: 1,023 Acres at foot of the Rubies with surface water rights for approx.. 300 acres and permits for 375 acres of underground water for irrigation. On paved road. Some improvements Price: $750./acre.

watering sources and new set of corrals. Landowner Elk Tag(s). This ia a good summer range! Price: $1,750,000. PENDING! Still showing and back-up offers considered!

White Flats: Approx. 2560 deeded acres, all contiguous, approx.. 15 miles South of Elko with fence for 4 miles already. Would make a good seeding! Price: $499,500.

Jiggs, Nevada Smith Creek Property: 2 20 deeded acres with approx.. 126 with surface water rights out of Smith Creek. Great homesite already carved out of the hill above the meadows with well and trees planted. On county maintained road approx.. 30 miles out of Elko. Price: $700,000.

Ruby Valley Ranch: 1023 Acres at foot of the Rubies with surface water rights for approx. 300 acres and permits for 375 acres of underground water for irrigation. On paved road. Some improvements. Price: $750./acre White Flats: Approx. 2560 deeded acres, all contiguous, approx. 15 miles South of Elko with fence for 4 miles already. Would make a good seeding! Price: $499,500.

Smith Creek Property, Jiggs, Nevada: 220 deeded acres with approx. 126 with surface water rights out of Smith Creek. Great homesite

already carved out of the hill above the meadows with well and trees planted. On county maintained road approx. 30 miles out of Elko. REDUCED Price: $680,000.

For additional information on these properties go to:

BOTTARIREALTY.COM THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Market Report Fallon Livestock Exchange Fallon, Nevada

Steers Heifers

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

134-420 avg.

126-525 avg.

135-490 avg.

136-500 avg.

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. 700-800 lb. lb. 143-169 155 avg. 135-145 avg. avg. 140-146 121-137 avg. 121 avg. avg. Top cow: 1,139# (avg.68)

800+ lb.

Breakers (Fat Cows)

96-105 avg.

Boning (Med. Flesh)

Slaughter Cattle 63-81 Butcher Bulls 57-60 Shelly Bulls

117-122 avg.

Cutters (Lean)

52-57

Shelly Cutters (Thin)

No test

3,4,5 year solid mouth $860-$1125 July 17th, 2018 sale; volume: N/A. Single, small-framed or plainer cattle 30 to 65 less than top offering.

Stock Cattle by Weight

Cattlemen’s Livestock Marketing Galt, Calif.

Shasta Livestock Auction Yard, Cottonwood, Calif.

Steers Heifers

300-400 lb. #1 quality

400-500 lb. #1 quality

No test No test

60-100 60-100

500-600 lb. #1 quality 140-172 130-158

Cutter Bulls Top Bull

74-80.50 No test 76-79 80.50

Slaughter Cattle

600-700 lb. #1 quality

700-800 lb. #1 quality

800+ lb. #1 quality

Boner Cows

68-75

140-163 130-148

135-157 120-136

125-140 No Test

Breaker Cows Cutter Cows

58-67 35-58

Bulls

No Test

Pairs: 77-90 July 18, 2018 sale; volume 72766. Market notes: Feeder cattle under 600lbs were steady. Slaughter cattle held steady. Feeder Cattle over 600lbs were steady.

Steers Heifers

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

No Test

1 set 175

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb. 140-160 138-148

No Test

130-143

135-147

700-800 lb. 128141.50 119-129

800+ lb. 114-127.50 115-128.25

High yielding

Slaughter Cattle 65-71 Bulls

Medium yielding

50-64

Low yielding

No Test

60-84

Results from July 20, 2018 sale; volume 788. Market notes: Weigh-up cows mostly steady. Few steers under 650 lbs and heifers under 600lbs. Some classes a little higher, some little lower off lots and singles $20-$50 below top. Stock Cattle by Weight (Friday Sale) 400-500 lb. 500-600 600-700 lb. 700-800 lb. lb. 198-220 avg. 140-179 avg. 125-167 100-150 avg. 110-138 avg. avg. 184-199 avg. 140-170 avg. 140-157 112-128 avg. 78-100 avg. avg. Pairs $1325-$1500 Stock Cows $1065-$1450 300-400 lb.

Treasure Valley Livestock Caldwell, Idaho

Steers Heifers

800+ lb.

Cows 1700# +

109-130 avg.

Cows 14001700# Cows 11001400# Cows 800 – 1000#

88-107 avg.

Slaughter Cattle (Monday sale) 6.75-74 Bulls 1800#+ avg. 64.50-75 Bulls 1400avg. 1800# 55.50-79.50 avg. 55-62 avg. Bulls 10001400#

87 avg 73-93 avg

62-73 avg

Results from July 20, 2018 Beef cattle sale (held each Friday) and July 16, 2018 butcher cows / bulls sale (held each Monday). No volumes reported for either sale. Notes: 1901 E. Chicago, Caldwell, Idaho, (208) 459-7475, (800) 788-4429, www.treasurevalleylivestock.com

300-400 lb.

Central Oregon Livestock Auction, Madras, Ore.

No Test Steers No Test Heifers Heiferettes: 85-110

160-180

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb. 155-175 145-160

135-145

128-135

160-170

148-159

125-135

115-124

400-500 lb.

135-147

700-800 lb.

800+ lb.

Lean

Slaughter Cattle 67-72 Bulls (High Yield) 70-75 Bulls (Med)

88-90

Low Yield

55-61

80-88

Fleshy

Bulls (Feeder)

Pairs, full mouth Pairs broken mouth Feeder 70-77 No Test No Test Results from July 16, 2018; volume: N/A. Notes: Beef sale every Monday. P.O. Box 29/3457 S.W. Hwy 97/Madras, Ore. 97741/www.centraloregonlivestockauction.com.

Stock Cattle by Weight

Producers Livestock, Salina, Utah

90-93

Steers Heifers

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

600-700 lb.

1538-184

500-600 lb. 114-166

163-221 142-182.50

108-160

68-144

Cows: 55.70-73.80

Slaughter Cattle 800+ lb.

116-158

700-800 lb. 103-147

101.99-140

77-125

No test

Commercial/Utility Cows

No Test

59-127.50

Cutting Bulls

No Test

Slaughter Bulls

78-85.25

Heiferettes: no test

July 17, 2018; volume: 753. The figures on this report are computer generated from “The Hottest Sale in the West” at Producers Livestock in Salina, UT. Notes: For great service contact the Salina Producers Auction at (435) 529-7437. For current market information call toll free 1-888-287-1702.

Producers Livestock, Vale, Ore.

Steers Heifers

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

167-183 143-155

161-170 138-156

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb. 154-163 147-158 132-148 129-147

700-800 lb. 138-149 132-143

800+ lb. 127-135 124-133

Butcher Cows – bulk Shelly Cows

Slaughter Cattle 62-68 Butcher Bulls 47-59

Top Bull

77-92 No test

Young cow pairs Older BM cows Older BM cow pairs No Test No test No test July 18, 2018; volume: 669. Report: 600#-700# weight weaned Fall calves in strong demand & also light yearling cattle demand strong.. Questions about the market and/or to consign, call Producers Livestock, Vale Oregon, at (541) 473-3136

48 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

Auction Directory Get the most up-to-date market reports by visiting these websites NEVADA Nevada Livestock Marketing LLC Sale every Wednesday 1025 North Allen Road, Fallon, Nevada Office: (775) 423-7760 Fax: (775) 423-1813 www.nevadalivestock.us • Fallon Livestock LLC Sale every Tuesday 2055 Trento Lane, Fallon, Nevada Office: (775) 867-2020 Fax: (775) 867-2021 www.fallonlivestock.com • Superior Livestock Auction Load-lots of cattle sold via satellite and the Internet

Northern Nevada Representative Allie Bear (775) 738-8534 www.superiorlivestock.com

CALIFORNIA Shasta Livestock Auction Yard Sale every Friday Cottonwood, California Office: (530) 347-3793 Fax: (530) 347-0329 www.shastalivestock.com • Cattlemen’s Livestock Market Sale every Wednesday 12495 E. Stockton Blvd., Galt, California Office: (209) 745-1515 www.clmgalt.com

IDAHO

OREGON

Producers Livestock Marketing Assn. 11 South 100 West, Jerome, Idaho Office: (208) 324-4345 Cattle auction every Tuesday; dairy auction every-other Wednesday www.producerslivestock.com • Treasure Valley Livestock Auction Beef sale every Friday; General sale every other Saturday 1901 E. Chicago, Caldwell, Idaho Office: (208) 459-7475; (800) 788-4429 treasurevalleylivestock.com

Producers Livestock Marketing Sale every Wednesday P.O. Box 67, Vale, Oregon Office: (541) 473-3136 www.producerslivestock.com • Central Oregon Livestock Auction Sale Every Monday 3457 S.W. Hwy. 97 Madras, Oregon Office: (541) 475-3851 www.centraloregonlivestock

WESTERN REGION Western Video Market Satellite video auctions www.wvmcattle.com

SALE EVERY WEDNESDAY!

Livestock Auction Services

Jack Payne, Mgr.: 775-217-9273 Carey Hawkins: 208-724-6712 Office: 775-423-7760

SALE August 20-24, 2018

Join Us Ringside Wednesdays At Galt

Office.....(209) 745-1515 Fax.........(209) 745-1582 Website......www.clmgalt.com

Big Horn Classic

September 6, 2018

Labor Day XXXIX Consignment Deadline WEDNESDAY Aug. 22

September 20, 2018

Video Auction Consignment Deadline MONDAY Sept. 10

12495 Stockton Blvd. Galt, CA 95632

REPRESENTATIVES Jake Parnell.........(916) 682-1298 George Gookin.....(209) 482-1648 Mark Fischer.......(209) 768-6522 Rex Whittle..........(209) 996-6994 Joe Gates..............(707) 694-3063 Abel Jimenez........(209) 401-2515 Jason Dailey.........(916) 439-7761

Watch and bid live every Wednesday at www.cattleusa.com Call to consign to upcoming Western Video Market Sales

SALE EVERY TUESDAY 2055 Trento Lane, Fallon, NV 89406 (775) 867-2020 - Fax (775) 867-2021 FallonLivestock.com - Email FallonLivestock@gmail.com Tommy Lee, Owner (775) 741-4523 June Young, Office (775) 217-2259

Shasta Livestock Auction Yard Cottonwood, CA Sale Every Friday Phone: 530-347-3793 For more information and to watch the sales go to: ShastaLivestock.com

THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 49

Oregon, Brrrr!

Desolate Ranch Wife

Recently, we relocated our family of four from northern Arizona to southeastern Oregon. Moving from the Southwestern desert to the sagebrush country was a big change. Even though we previously lived in this neck of the woods Commentary by years ago, our bodies had fully Jolyn Young acclimated to the heat during nearly two years in Arizona. My family was totally unprepared for the cold June days that greeted our arrival up north. Shortly after our arrival, I found myself digging through a storage tub in search of a wool sweater and extra socks. I told my husband, Jim, to get his new boss on the phone. “Why?” he asked. “I want to ask him if summer is canceled. It’s the middle of July, and it froze last night. At this point, should we just resign ourselves to long, cold days until the seasons change and we have shorter, colder days? Are the sun’s rays too short to reach eastern Oregon? Did somebody turn down the thermostat for the entire region, then the dial got stuck and now all the repair technicians are in Bora Bora, drinking Mai Tais and laughing their heads off while sunbathing on a white sandy beach? How does this work? I’m so confused.” If I was perplexed by the drastically different climate, my two-year-old son, Milo, was equally mystified by the foliage surrounding his new home. He ran barefoot through the sharp rocks and prickly pear cactus of Arizona without missing a step, but the concept of soft grass was totally foreign to him. When Jim carried him outside and tried to set him down on our lawn, the toddler clung to his dad’s neck like a spider monkey. He eyed the lush, green lawn with suspicion and hiked his knees up farther so there was no chance his feet might accidentally touch the dangerouslooking stuff. We eventually convinced Milo that grass was good and soft – even friendly – and now he runs through it without inhibition. Given the choice, though, he still prefers a mud puddle for entertainment purposes. And there are plenty of mud puddles on the ranch that the Young family now calls home. Just like in Arizona, our two small kids play with sticks and dirt more than plastic toys and store-bought games. The nearest town is nearly 100 miles away, so my grocery trips are still an all-day affair that require a lengthy list, an ice chest, and a whole lot of patience. Unlike our remote cow camp home in Arizona, our new Oregon residence affords our five-year-old daughter, Grace, the opportunity to attend public school. She is beyond excited that an actual school bus will pick her up every morning and transport her 42 miles – that’s right, forty-two miles – to the two-room schoolhouse. She has already met her teacher and the other kid in her kindergarten class, so she is all set for the first day of school. Well, Grace will be all set after I take her shopping for school clothes, that is. I just hope I can find enough wool sweaters in her size to get her through the month of August. 50 THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018

All In A Day’s Ride

Growing up on the ranch, in Elko County, one of the biggest events we all looked forward to was, the Elko County Fair. Most all the ranch kids were in 4 H and all kinds of projects from Commentary by Gardening, Crops, David W. Glaser Sewing and then the animals; Sheep & Cattle. We even got a lot of Judging in. The boys from the ranches learned a new an exciting judging class. Judging the City Girls! They sure didn’t makeum like that in the country. I even had the very first Hog project at the Elko County Fair; Big Red! I guess that was my first taste of competition; I really liked the showmanship part and worked very hard at it. Those values I learned in 4 H, I have used all my life. I always had a fascination for animals, horses in particular; however, in those days 4 H didn’t have a horse project. We would be in town for the fair for about a week; just enough time for the ranch kids to pick up some “new” town habits. Most of which were eliminated a few days after we got home. As soon as I was done with my 4 H chores, in the morning, I’d make a bee line for the horse show arena. I saw some of the most fantastic horses and riders of the day; the out of Towner’s; the Haulers; people like Red Randall, Kenny Sutton, and Slim Trent. Then there were my local hero’s, who I watched with intensity; Tom Marvel, Melvin Jones, Pat Heavrine, Lee Roy Reborse and Leroy Horn. I loved it; the spinning, the sliding, working the cows; couldn’t wait to get home to try some of that on my horses. My horses hated it…and me! After the first couple sessions they became suddenly hard to catch. We had some really good ranch horses, but they weren’t show quality. Susie, Mickey, Skeeter, an ol Stretch; they all got a dose of my training. We’d be out in the field loping figure eights; I didn’t know what a lead was an neither one of us knew what a lead change was or if we were doing it, but I was living the dream. Spinning was a maneuver that was out of the question; Susie was the best stopper; getting her to run was the issue. It was about this time that my Dad purchased a Quarter Horse stud out of Utah; his name was Sleepy Joe, he was a direct son of Question Mark. A little short Palomino with a grey mane & tail; he was bout 14 high, 14 wide and 14 long. He had been a race horse and a good one, till he got a Sweeney on his right shoulder. For those of you who I know are going to ask? “What’s a Sweeney?” “A Sweeney Shoulder in horses is recognized by atrophy or “wasting away” of the muscles that are located in the shoulder area. This is caused by damage to the suprascapular nerve that controls the Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus and Triceps muscles.” Bet you didn’t think I knew that? That ended his race career and why we got him reasonable; he could still be rode, sort of as long as it was in a straight line. I had to test his speed one time; it was the first time I had tears blow out of my eyes; fastest thing I’d ever been on. I probably should have given some serious thought to this adventure. The start and run were great; the stopping however was another matter???? Those days at the Elko County Fair will always one of my favorite memories.

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – AUGUST 2018 51

EZ AngUs RAnch bUll sAlE

165 Bulls Sell: Sat., September 1 • 12:30 p.m. • Farmington, CA Please join us at our NEW sale location on the Tejas Ranch at 22950 Milton Road outside of Farmington, CA. We will be offering 165 performance-tested bulls with complete DNA testing. Bulls sell anaplas vaccinated and tested PI Negative for BVD.

We offer FREE DELIVERY in California and Nevada. Every bull selling is backed by the EZ Angus Breeding Guarantee! These bulls and more are featured in the sale book available online at www.ezangusranch.com or www.parnelldickinson.com.

EZAR RAinmAkER 7046

EZAR gEnERAtion 7130

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +10 +1.2 +77 +137 +25 +66 +.92 +.69 +77.89 +185.89

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +1 +2.4 +72 +124 +18 +59 +.69 +.95 +60.20 +191.36

Born 1/31/17 • Sire: Basin Rainmaker 4404 MGS: V A R Discovery 2240

EZAR PAywEight 7023

Born 1/3/17 • Sire: V A R Generation 2100 MGS: GAR-EGL Protege

EZAR PAywEight 7197

EZAR UPwARd 7250

Born 3/4/17 • Sire: Sitz Upward 307R MGS: A A R Ten X 7008 S A

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +11 +1.6 +78 +145 +38 +81 +.69 +.93 +81.62 +191.94

EZAR PAywEight 7217

Born 1/8/17 • Sire: Basin Payweight 1682 MGS: A A R Ten X 7008 S A

Born 2/6/17 • Sire: Basin Payweight 1682 MGS: PA Power Tool 9108

Born 2/17/17 • Sire: Basin Payweight 1682 MGS: A A R Ten X 7008 S A

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +8 -1.9 +54 +102 +34 +47 +.82 +.48 +69.09 +153.26

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +5 +1.3 +64 +117 +27 +52 +.59 +.82 +68.86 +169.66

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +10 +1.2 +80 +143 +30 +66 +1.11 +.10 +86.52 +181.27

EZAR gEnERAtion 7143

EZAR AdvAncE 7182

Born 1/10/17 • Sire: V A R Generation 2100 MGS: GAR-EGL Protege

Born 1/27/17 • Sire: Basin Advance 3134 MGS: Summitcrest Complete 1P55

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +3 +2.9 +67 +124 +10 +54 +.56 +.80 +41.50 +174.30

CED BW WW YW Milk CW MA RE $W $B +8 +.8 +69 +119 +41 +50 +1.20 +.66 +84.56 +168.73

sAlE BRoADCAst on livEAuCtions.tv

inAuguRAl FEMAlE sAlE: MonDAY, oCtoBER 15

EZAR RAmPAgE 7385

Born 4/7/17 • Sire: Quaker Hill Rampage 0A36 MGS: A A R Ten X 7008 S A

AngUs

RAnch

Tim & Marilyn Callison.......................................................................Owners Chad Davis ....................................................................... 559 333-0362 Travis Coy........................................................................ 559 392-8772 Justin Schmidt .................................................................. 209 585-6533 John Dickinson ........................................................................916 806-1919 Jake Parnell .............................................................................916 662-1298

21984 Avenue 160

Porterville, CA 93257

Selling Over 100 Head • Brunch 10 a.m. • Sale 11 a.m.