February 2019 Nevada Rancher Magazine by Winnemucca Publishing

Oldest Independent Livestock Monthly in Nevada $2.00

SPECIAL EDITION:

Purchasing Beef and Bulls

FEBRUARY, 2019

Volume XLIX, Number 2

Inside: EPD Basics Devils Gate Ranch with Sophie Knight Winter Water-Making Sure Horses Drink Enough

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The Nevada Rancher (ISSN 0047-9489) (USPS #003-257) Published monthly at Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445 Call us toll free at (866) 644-5011 Periodical Postage Paid at Winnemucca, 89445

Publisher, Peter Bernhard Editor, Ashley Buckingham Staff Writer, Jennifer Whiteley Contributors, Heather Smith Thomas, Michelle Cook, David Glaser, Sarah Hummel, Norma Elliot, Sidney Wintermote, Jolyn Young, Angela Vesco and Eric Holland Sales Representative Ashley Buckingham Office Manager, Tracy Wadley Production Manager, Joe Plummer Graphic Designer, Emily Swindle The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for statements by advertisers nor products advertised within, and The Nevada Rancher does not assume responsibility for opinions expressed in articles submitted for publication. The publisher reserves the right to accept or reject advertising or editorial material submitted for publication. Contents in The Nevada Rancher may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including, but not limited to original contents and original composition of all ads (layout and artwork) without prior written permission. Subscription rate: $16.00 per year.

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: The Nevada Rancher, Winnemucca Publishing, 1022 S. Grass Valley Road, Winnemucca, NV 89445

WINNEMUCCA PUBLISHING 4 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Where does the time go! I can’t believe it is already February. Before you know it will be time to start irrigating and turning cattle out. The past month has been extra muddy and cold in Northern NV. As bull sale season kicks off there are a lot of factors to consider before your big bull battery purchase. Last year I purchsed two Wakely Angus bulls at the Fallon Bull Sale. This was my first time buying bulls for my personal herd. I’m sure you can relate to my excitement. January travels included the Red Bluff Bull and Pictured Staff Writer, Jennifer Whiteley and Gelding sale along with the National Cowboy Poetry Editor/Sales Rep, Ashley Buckingham, at their Gathering. February includes the Fallon All Breeds Bull NV Cattlemen’s Convention booth. Sale and the Art of the Cowgirl event. If you know of an event the magazine should have a presence at, please let us know! I pray your spirits stay high and your corrals dry. I know you’ll find the perfect bulls to fit your needs. I hope you enjoy this issue. -Ashley

Cover Photo By: Maggie Malson

Malson Angus & Herefords As a diversified family-owned and operated ranch situated in a high-desert area of southwest Idaho, Malson Angus & Herefords has spent the last 35 years continually improving genetics and the quality of the cattle bred, shown and offered for sale.. www.MalsonAngus.com Cartoon by Erik Holland

In this issue: What is an EPD? pg 14 Devil’s Gate Ranch: Sophie Knight pg 18 Winter Water & Horses: pg 22 Bull Selection for the Great Basin pg 44

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 5

Hello from Cow Country By Sam Mori President, NV Cattlemen’s Assoc.

I hope your 2019 is off to a great start. It is indeed very active here at the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association as we look at our agenda. I can remember as I look back, winter being a slower time when we had the opportunity to reflect back and make decisions in a casual and sometimes more rational atmosphere than we do today. Technology has speeded the way we do business and communicate to the point that there is no slow time of year. With that being said, we are at work for our industry on a multitude of fronts. Some of the many issues that the Association is working on include grazing regulation reform, water rights, traceability, trade, access, wildlife, fire, and many, many more on a daily basis. As we continue to pursue the best interest of our membership and industry, we are doing so with many new players in the political arena. There are many new faces in both Congress and our State Legislature. It will take a lot of time and effort to express our interests, needs, and concerns to all of those that have an influence on how our business is affected. We are prepared and committed to making the investment it takes to protect our

people! It is so crucial that we hear from you about the issues that are important and that you want us to address. I want to remind everyone that the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association is yours, the membership, and we work for you. Thank you to those of you that can and contact us with input as it truly does benefit all. The girls in the office are very busy in final preparation for the Fallon Bull Sale on February 16th. There will also be a Board of Directors meeting on Friday, February 15th should anyone feel they have an issue that needs to come before the board. We will attend the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association Convention January 30th – February 2nd in New Orleans and have input and engagement on the issues that will shape some of the policy our industry will be working within the near and distant future. Well, my friends, it is almost to break daylight so I better close and get rolling. Thank you all so much for the opportunity to work with and for the greatest people on earth. Till next time, Till Next Time, Sam Mori President, Nevada Cattlemen’s Association

Looking Forward to 2019 By Kaley Sproul- Chapin Executive Director NV Cattlemen’s Assoc.

Within 2018 the Nevada livestock industry faced many challenges for example devastating fires and many other issues that threaten the livelihood of our industry. Even though we are consistently faced with battles and the prediction of the future is always a risk, I am proud to be part of the Nevada livestock industry and believe in the future of ranching. I want to thank the continuous dedication of the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association Officers, Executive Committee, Board of Directors and NCA members who devote a great deal of their time for the NCA. Over the past year NCA had representation in Phoenix, Arizona for the NCBA Cattle Industry Convention, in Washington D.C. for the NCBA Legislative Conference, in Park City, Utah for the Public Lands Council Annual Conference, and all over the state of Nevada working with agencies and other affiliates. Along with traveling and attending numerous events, NCA put on a successful Annual Convention in Winnemucca, NV and held the 52nd Fallon All Breeds Bull Sale. Aside from our traditional bull sale, December brought the 16th Annual Silver State Classic Special Calf and Yearling Sale sponsored by the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association and the Fallon Livestock, LLC. This sale not only brings great calves and yearlings, but a portion of the proceeds benefit the Association, and it’s members. We want to thank FLC and the consignors and buyers who made the sale a success. This New Year brings a new home for the NCA office. This past year, NCA reviewed different options as to where to call home. We are excited to announce we have found a new office space at the Cowboy Arts and Gear Museum located at 542 Commercial St. in Elko. We will be working to get the office ready for move in by March 1st! In the meantime, please feel free to visit us at our current office in the Henderson Bank Building (HBB) in downtown Elko. Along with a new office space, some of the NCA officers and myself will be traveling to New Orleans to attend the 2019 NCBA Cattle Industry Convention. This is an excellent opportunity to network with other cattle industry members, be informed on current issues that affect us on a local and national level and take back the new knowledge to share with our NCA members. On February 16th we will be holding the 53rd Fallon All Breeds Bull Sale (FBS). The NCA office has been hard at work with the FBS Committee and the Churchill County FFA Chapter to put on another successful sale. Breeds that will be seen at this year’s sale consist of Angus, Hereford, Simmental and Red Angus. Accompanying the sale will be the Cowdog Rodear previously known as the Stock Dog Trials, and the February Board of Directors meeting on Friday, February 15th. The proceeds from the Cowdog Rodear will go to benefit a family in need of help within the livestock industry. For a Fallon All Breeds Bull Sale Catalog, please contact the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association office or visit www.nevadacattlemen.org. The 80th (2019) Session of the Nevada Legislature will begin on February 4, 2019.

6 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

We have once again hired Neena Laxalt as our paid lobbyist. Neena has served as the NCA’s lobbyist for several years, and we are so very fortunate for her dedication to the livestock industry. Working along with her will be Neil McQueary, NCA Legislative Committee Chair, NCA Officers, NCA Committees and the NCA Staff. Over the years the membership of the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association has changed and now encompasses not only ranchers but interested individuals who care about the industry. Many of the new members of the association are people that care about the land and the people that cultivate the values they hold dear. Being a part of the NCA involves protecting, promoting and preserving the ranching way of life. We encourage you to invite your friends, neighbors, and associates to join and learn more about our association and what we do. We look forward to working for you and with you for 2019. Please feel free to contact the NCA office for more information at 1-775-738-9214 or visit our web page at www.nevadacattlmen.org.

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For the Love of Beef

Avail Catalo able g Now Onlin

February is the month of all things love and heart health. By Sidney Wintermote

Special to the Rancher

Valentine’s Day advertisements that started in January won’t let us forget the importance of pampering the people we love on February 14th with flowers, chocolates, fine jewelry and a romantic date night. February is also “Heart Health Month” when the American Heart Association reminds us to take control of our health and reduce our risk of heart disease by exercising regularly and eating an overall healthy diet with lean meats, fruits and vegetables. Each year, heart disease is associated as the primary factor in one out of every four deaths. That makes heart disease the leading cause of death for both men and women in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control. Since the 1980’s there has been a lot of misinformation regarding beef and its place in a healthy, well balanced diet. Beef along with all red meats have received a bad reputation when it comes to overall heart health. According to a survey conducted on behalf of the beef checkoff, on Valentine’s Day, Americans would rather have a nice meal than a card, flowers, chocolate or even a gift; and 62% of Americans say steak is their most-desired Valentine’s Day meal. According to beefitswhatsfordinner.com more than 60 percent of whole muscle beef cuts found in the supermarket are considered lean when cooked with visible fat trimmed. This leaves enough intra-muscular fat to give that desired and distinct beef flavor and tenderness while maintaining a healthy choice for a regular night in or a special occasion. Some of the most popular options are top sirloin steak, strip steak, tenderloin steak and 95% lean ground beef. With lean beef on the menu, a romantic night in or a date night out can satisfy the taste buds and keep your heart-health in check. If you lean more towards the “date night in” option and need some inspiration, check out this “Chimichurri-Marinated Strip Filets” recipe from beefitswhatsfordinner.com. This steak is marinated and served in a fresh cilantro and parsley marinade and provides 4.9mg of Zinc, 2.1mg of Iron, 25g of Protein and only 3g of saturated fat-all which play an essential role in keeping our bodies strong and healthy. Whether it’s grass-fed, grain fed, organic, conventional, natural, or any of the vast choices of beef available, know that you are making a healthy choice for your health and your date. This Valentine’s Day, light a few candles, pick from your freezer or visit your local meat counter and treat your sweetheart to a home cooked beef meal.

Sale starts at 11:00 am

Sifting: February 15

SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 16, 2019 FALLON LIVESTOCK, LLC. FALLON, NEVADA Churchill Co. Cowbelles Dinner/Dance and FBS Awards Presentation

Cowdog Rodear Friday, February 15 & Saturday, February 16 —7:30 am

—Friday, February 15 Social Hour: 5:30 p.m. • Dinner 6:30 p.m. Dance 8:00 p.m.

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For more information or to request a sale catalog, please call the Sale Office:

Nevada CattlemeN's assoCiatioN 775-738-9214

www.nevadacattlemen.org —

nca@nevadabeef.org

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 7

Jane Angus Jane Boynton Angus passed from this life on January 5, 2019 with her family by her side. She was born to Wes Boynton and Lillian ‘Sis” Pearce Harrer. Jane and her brother, John and sister, Tillie lived on T Quarter Circle Ranch and other than when she spent a year at business school in San Francisco, Jane lived on the ranch until she retired in 1999. On September 1, 1950 she married Hank Angus, the love of her life and best friend. Jane and Hank had three children, Rita, Nancy, and John. Hank and Jane loved horses and cattle. They ran Hereford cross cattle for many years before transitioning to Brahma crosses. Jane also had race horses and loved a good horse race. Jane loved to have a match race and was always wanting to race with her grandkids. Jane also loved to go to team ropings and watch Hank in the ranch rodeos. Jane and Hank loved to go to Phoenix for the winter and spend it roping and making great memories with friends. Jane loved to travel and was always ready to go on a trip. She took many trips with her friends and daughter, Nancy, niece, Merry Duggan and her sister Tillie. One of her favorite places was Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. Jane also took several trips with her god-daughter, Julie Tipton. Jane loved to tell you about all the places she had visited; Fiji, New Mexico, Hawaii, Georgia, multiple trips to Mexico and Ireland to just name a few of the places she has travelled. Jane loved art in all forms and she and her god-daughter, Maryanna Enochson travelled to many art shows. Jane worked hard, she loved a little bit of gossip, enjoyed good stories and laughter with family and friends. Jane loved to have a Pepsi or a Coke cola with you. Her door was always open and she loved to greet you with a Whoohoo. Jane loved the outdoors and always had beautiful flower beds that she diligently cared for. She also loved her dogs. She loved to have a little dog sitting on her lap. She also loved to tell you she didn’t like cats, but always had a cat that needed to be rescued around. Jane was a cowgirl from the time she was little. She spent more time horseback than she ever did driving a car. Jane and her siblings took care of the ranch, along with going to school. They rode to school every morning from the ranch to a corral near Scotts Shady Court and then they walked the rest of the way to school, which is now the Winnemucca Grammar School. Jane also helped with the Humboldt County Rodeo Queens, the High School Rodeos, and many Friday Night Ropings. Jane also coached many kids in High School Rodeo and 4-H Horse Shows. She was preceded in death by her husband, Hank Angus, brother John Boynton, daughter Rita Joan and son John Henry. She is survived by her daughter, Nancy and son in law, Frosty Tipton. Her sister, Tillie Gentner, niece Merry Duggan (Scott) and great niece, Kelley along with nephew Tom (Alexis) Gentner. Jane had 3 grandchildren, Katie (Brandon) Nuffer, Karla Tipton and Guy Tipton. Jane also had two great granddaughters Gemma Jane and Ruby Adelle, that fondly nicknamed her “GG” which many friends and family also called her. Jane’s family would like to extend many thanks for the love, care and support Jane has received this past year from the caregivers at Fernley Estates Memory Care. In lieu of flowers, the family has requested donations be made to the Rope for Hope, c/o Ginny Dufurrena, P.O. Box 328, Winnemucca, Nevada 89446.

8 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Candida Glaser Candida Glaser was called home on December 22, 2018 at the age of 99. She was born October 11, 1919 to Jose Marisquirena and Ablina Gomez Marisquirena. Candida was the oldest of four sisters; Felisa, Anita, and Josie. In 1930, Candida and her sisters lost their mother during child birth. Candida, being the oldest was then responsible for the care of her younger sisters and the household chores. She was Spanish Basque and spoke mainly Spanish, which made for a real challenge at school. Candida attended grade school in Elko and graduated from Elko High School in 1939. On September 7, 1939 she married her sweetheart, Bill Glaser. They lived at the Glaser Dairy in Elburz until July 4, 1943. Bill and Candida then purchased the Pete Scott Ranch in Starr Valley, Nevada, which they named the Deer Horn Ranch where they spent their time ranching and raising their four children; David Glaser, Lorey Glaser Eldridge, Bill Glaser, Jr., and Mike Glaser. Candida was a wonderful cook and seamstress, but she was also a great help outside and would fill in as a ranch/hay hand as needed. Candida was passionate about the outdoors and every aspect of the ranch life, she enjoyed dragging meadows and she loved her chickens and many farm animals that she cared tenderly for. She always had a large green lawn and beautiful flowers and adored watching her many hummingbirds. Candida lost her dear partner of 42 years, November 12, 1981. She continued to run and maintain their beloved ranch singlehandedly until she suffered a devastating stroke on June 10, 2005. After her stroke she moved to Elko to live with her daughter and son-in-law, Lorey and Tom Eldridge. Lorey and Tom cared for her for 5 ½ years. She then moved to the Highland Village of Elko until her passing on December 22, 2018. Candida was preceded in death by her Father and Mother, Joe and Ablina Marisquirena, husband Bill Glaser, sisters Felisa and Anita and son-in-law, Tom Eldridge. Candida is survived by her children, David Glaser (Tammy), Lorey Eldridge, Bill Glaser, Mike Glaser (Ester) and grandchildren, Gerry Glaser, Tim Glaser (Christine), Andrew Glaser, Elizabeth deGrout, Marlow Eldridge (Audrey), Mark Eldridge (Veronica), Marty Eldridge (Shammarie), Marvin Eldridge, Kelli Fabela, Chris Glaser (Kresta), many great grandchildren, and a few great, great grandchildren to whom she was known as Gigi. The family would like to thank the special caregivers and nurses at the Highland Village for their loving care of Candida. A private family graveside service will be held with a memorial service at a later date. In lieu of flowers, donations can be made to the Northeastern Nevada Museum.

Calvin Grant Calvin T. Grant, “Mr. Bull” checked out on December 23, 2018 at home with his children by his side. He died from natural causes. He was 88 years old. Calvin was born to Dave and Pearl Theurer Grant on July 4, 1930 in Honeyville, Utah. After graduating from Ogden High School in 1948, he married his high school sweetheart, Renee Nielsen on June 16, 1950 in the Logan LDS Temple. Calvin was well known and respected throughout the western states and most notably in Northern Nevada. He took a unique ambition of “bull peddler” to new heights and created (with his dad) a renowned family business in 1951 delivering quality bulls directly to cattle ranches. Some places were quite remote and only accessible after traveling miles of desolate gravel roads, Calvin knew them all. Grant Range Bull Co is now a fourth generation family business. He was easily liked, made many friends, and could always find the best place to eat in any town. He was fair and honest in making deals and all sides were satisfied when the deed was done. His deals could be from 1 bull to over 100 at a time. Calvin began collecting old worn out branding irons from customers and currently has over 600 authentic irons on display at the bull ranch. He learned the value of honest work at an early age and was fortunate to have good health and continue working (or just cooking lunch for the guys at the ranch) up until the end. During the 1950s and 1960s, Calvin and his brother Lew built a few duplexes in the off season with very limited funds, often with salvaged lumber and materials. Calvin’s family was his greatest joy and he enjoyed working with his sons, grandsons, dad, brothers, nephews, and all other family members.He had a sharp mind and was always looking to improve things and was one of, if not the first, person to build an aluminum cattle bed for his truck, replacing the traditional wooden ones (aluminum has since been the industry standard). Calvin was always optimistic, while being realistic, and had great judgement. He was quite social, enjoyed being with people and always had a joke to tell. He was a proud member of the North Ogden McDonalds “Geezer’s Club”. The family wishes to express a special appreciation to Brighton Hospice who tenderly cared for dad during his last week of life. Calvin is preceded in death by his wife, Renee, his parents and brothers Dave and Lew, and sister, Janis. He is survived by children Douglas C. (Sheryl) Grant, Beverly G. (Joseph) Shern, Jeffrey L. (Tamara) Grant; also by ten grandchildren: Mitch, Brandy, Tim, Clint, Todd, Trisha, Emily, Lara, Tera, Andie, and great grandchildren Cannon, Dallas, Piper, Theo, Finley, and Grayson all of whom will miss him dearly. Funeral services will be held on Saturday, December 29, 2018 at 11 a.m. at the Lindquist’s North Ogden Mortuary, 2140 N. Washington Blvd, UT. Friends may visit with family on Friday from 6 to 8 p.m. and Saturday from 9:30 to 10:30 a.m. at the mortuary. Interment, Lindquist’s Washington Heights Memorial Park, 4500 Washington Blvd. In lieu of flowers take a loved one out to dinner and order beef.

Phil Allen Phil Allen, 94, Antimony, UT passed away peacefully December 7, 2018. He was born, the youngest of three sons, May 22, 1924 in Escalante, Utah to George Ashley Allen and Matilda (Tillie) Riddle Allen. Phil grew up in Escalante. He learned to work hard helping his dad on their ranch. His father passed away when Phil was 16. Being the only one left at home, the responsibility of running the ranch fell to him. Phil’s mother later sold the ranch and the day after his graduation from Escalante High School in 1942, they moved to Salt Lake City. On his 18th birthday he went to work for Remington Arms making ammunition for World War II. Six months later, he was transferred to the state of Washington, where he continued to work on a project for the war. He found out later that he had been making the components for the atomic bomb. Following Washington, he was again transferred and worked in Kentucky and Indiana. But Phil had ranching in his blood and In April of 1946, Phil returned to Utah and moved to Antimony with only $50.00 in his pocket and a suitcase of clothes. In Antimony, Phil met his sweetheart, Billie Gleave. They were married June 1, 1948 in Salt Lake City. The marriage was solemnized December 16, 1948 in the Manti LDS Temple. They began their married life in Antimony where they raised four children. They bought a general store where they sold everything from tires and saddles to clothing and food. Also, in 1948, they bought their first registered Polled Herefords. In 1969, Phil bought Herb Gleave’s ranch and expanded his small herd to become one of the largest and oldest Polled Hereford ranches in the West. Good business practices, integrity, and a keen eye for quality cattle has enabled Phil Allen and Son Polled Herefords to sell breeding stock throughout the western United States and into Canada and Mexico. Phil was one of the founding members of the Utah Polled Hereford Association and served as a longtime president. He was one of the original founders of the Utah Beef Improvement Association (UBIA) and was the first president. He was a former recipient of the Utah Seedstock Producer of the Year. Because of his success and reputation, Phil received the Legacy Award from the Utah Cattlemen’s’ Association and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the UBIA. He has also been recognized by the Nevada Cattlemen’s Association for his contribution to the livestock industry in Nevada and for being the longest, continuous consignor at the Fallon All-Breeds Bull Sale. He has judged numerous cattle shows and fairs throughout the West, including the National Western Stock Show in Denver several times. He served on the State BLM Advisory Board and on numerous grazing and irrigation company boards. Phil was civic minded and served as Antimony Town Board Member and as Mayor for a combined total of 22 years. He also served as a member of the Garfield District School Board. He was an active member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He fulfilled several callings, including, Antimony Ward Bishop, Panguitch Utah Stake High Council, and Scoutmaster. Phil loved his family and said that everything he did was for his family. He loved having family around. He loved hunting, the mountains, John’s Valley, and dutch oven cooking. His dutch oven potatoes were the best. He is survived by his children JoAnn(Steve) Peters, Nibley; Bradley (Bobbe) Allen, Salina; Shannon (Julie) Allen, Antimony; and Tracie (Scott) Peterson, Orem; 15 grandchildren, 15 great grandchildren, and a few on the way. He is preceded in death by his wife, parents, siblings: Weldo (Jean) Allen and Eldon (Juanita) Allen. Funeral services were held Saturday, December 15, 2018. Burial followed in the Antimony Cemetery.

THE NEVADA NEVADA RANCHER RANCHER –– FEBRUARY FEBRUARY 2019 99 THE

Heavenly Father, I pause, mindful of the many blessings You have bestowed upon me. I ask that You will guide me in my life. Help me, Lord, to live my life in such manner that when I make that last ride to the country up there, where the grass grows lush and the water runs cool, that You’ll take me by the hand and say, “Welcome home, your new trail begins here.”

Sammye E. Johnstone Ugalde Sammye E. Johnstone Ugalde died December, 19, 2018 at Renown Hospital, Reno, Nevada. She passed unexpectedly of natural causes. Sammye was born September 29, 1933, in Winnemucca, Nevada. She was the first born child to parents Samuel Keith Johnstone and Mary L. Peraldo Johnstone. The couple would have three more children, Walter, Thomas and Ann. Grandfather, Walter Johnstone and father, Samuel, owned Paiute Meadows, Battle Creek and Clark Field. The ranches were purchased from Miller and Lux in 1925. Paiute was where the family lived until she was in the fifth grade. Then they moved to Clark Field. Sammye and Walt went to school at Leonard Creek for two years. The two would ride their horses back and forth or they would stay at Leonard Creek when the weather was bad and their folks would come get them on the weekend. From the time she was able to get on a horse, she would go everywhere with “Uncle” Bill Hudspeth. He was the cow boss. Mom thought the world of him. There were no fences so they would ride with the neighbors and bring their cattle home. He taught her how to drive a car, in his coupe. She had wonderful memories and stories of her childhood. A blond, long haired girl in bib overalls living and riding wild and free. When she was in the seventh grade, her mother moved into Winnemucca with the children, for school. Right after the move, the ranch was sold. She said she was like a coyote around town, scared of people. The” ranchkid” from the Black Rock Desert, spent a lot of her time with her friends Jane and Tillie Boynton at their ranch, T Quarter Circle, down on the river. Her father, Sam, died in 1948, when she was 15 years old. Sammye graduated from Humboldt County High School in 1951. She went to floral school in Denver, for a couple months, returning to help her mother, Mary, with the Orchid Flower Shop. Sammye Johnstone married Daniel Ugalde, September 13, 1952, in Winnemucca. They lived in town until moving to Nine Mile Ranch, Kings River Valley, to help Dan’s mother, Paula, and his brother Emilio. The couple later purchased the ranch and that is where they raised their four children, Eddyann, John, Frank and Robert. Mom was a jack of all trades. She drove the school bus, trapped coyotes and bobcats in the winter, reupholstered pickup and tractor seats (any kind of seat), made hundreds of pairs of chaps (believe it or not she didn’t keep count), made leather pillows, she was a Humboldt County Commissioner, meat cutter for Dora Lasa at Quinn River Mercantile, bartender at the Gem Bar, helped Dad on the ranch, cowboy girl, sheepherder, hay hand, and photographer. Sammye loved scrounging for purple bottles, antiques and looking for arrowheads. A “collector”, an avid reader, worked puzzles (to keep her mind sharp) and used to love to play pinochle. She was a marvelous cook, known for her homemade bread and huge meals. If you were around the table at mealtime, she would feed and water you. Mom loved her workhorse teams. Sammye and “pal” Donna Still would take their wagons and teams on cattle drives around Fields, Oregon and along the Steen’s Mountains, cooking for the cowboys and hauling their gear. She even helped Santa out a few times, getting him to the Kings River Community Hall in her horse drawn buggy, at Christmas.

10 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Dan and Sammye sold Nine Mile Ranch to their son John and his wife Renae. Semi-retired they moved to Lakeview, Oregon. The two worked refurnishing furniture together. Dad was the “fix it” man and Mom did the reupholster work. After their son, Bob, died, they moved back to Nine Mile. 2014, Mom and Dad were named Ranch Hand of the Year, at the Winnemucca Ranch Hand Rodeo. She was honored to be recognized by their peers and very proud that Nine Mile would be 104 years old. Dad passed away October 7, 2013. Mom continued living at the ranch until the day she died. She was proceeded in death by her parents, her step-father Donald Leighton, husband Daniel, brother Tom, and son Robert. Sammye is survived by her brother Walter Johnstone, sister Ann Johnstone, “nephew-brother” Leo Leighton, children Eddyann (Dan) Filippini, John (Renae) Ugalde and Frank Ugalde, grandchildren Max Filippini, Mary Filippini, Victor Ugalde, Hank Filippini and Sam Ugalde, great grandchildren Brooke Filippini and Cole Filippini, sister-in-law Donna Ugalde, daughterin-law Julia Ugalde, several cousins and her beloved four legged friend and companion “Choch-o”. She was “Aunt” Sammye to numerous nieces and nephews. Mom had lifelong friends, new found friends and neighbors that she loved dearly. If you were a stray, you wouldn’t have been one for long with Sammye aka” Sam” aka” Grandma Sam “aka” Ma “aka “Sis”. Her wish was to be cremated and put on Nine Mile hill, overlooking the ranch and valley, with her beloved husband and son. She wanted no service. Share a story, laugh and/or cry, lift a glass to a life will lived. “Here’s a go, “Sam”, salute!” In lieu of flowers memorials may be made to Kings River Valley Community Hall Fund, 35405 Kings River Rd, Orovada, NV 89428 - Rope for Hope, 44105 Big Creek Rd., Denio Hwy, Winnemucca, NV 89445 - Shriners Hospital or the charity of your choice. This poem was written by Sammye’s cousin Larry Monroe. Mom’s father, Samuel and Larry’s mother Mary were twins. SAMMYE You have gone to the other side Of the wind You left too soon, but Who determines when we go We had things left to do Now – you ride the morning wind I shall listen for you as you rustle The cottonwood trees And watch you ride dust devils That reach into the sun My memories are flooded With the times when we were kids Adventuresome and wild We survived I will listen for you LM 12/20/2018

Salt Tolerant and Drought-Hardy Varieties Available

Alfalfa is All We Do! Conventional Alfalfa Varieties 6442Q 6401N (New) 6585Q 6305Q 919 Brand

Round Up Ready Alfalfas 6409 HVXR 6497R Mutiny 6516R Revolt WL 336 HQRR WL 356 HQRR WL 372 HQRR

Dryland & Reclamation Seed

4 4 4.3 5 6 3 4 5

Lowlignin VH VH H VH VH VH

Grains & Miscellaneous Oats - Cayuse - Monida Wheat - Twin - PR 1404 - Patrone Peas Corn Sorghum Sudan - BMR - Piper Sudan - Sweet RN - Honey

Cinch I (ML) Cinch II Ron’s Blend Spreador5 Ladak

Triticale - Forerunner - Merlin Ryegrain - Gazelle - Spring - Prima - Fall - VNS Beardless Barley Eureka Chowford Stockford

Wheatgrasses Nordan Crested New Hy/Saltlander Bluebunch Hycrest Crested Siberian Wheatgrass Oahe Intermediate Pubescent Indian Ricegrasses Big Sagebrush Forage Kochia

Immigrant Kochia Snowstorm (New) Great Basin Wild Rye Roadcast Tall Wheatgrass Shadescale 4 Wing Saltbush Garrison Creeping Meadow Foxtail Range Changer

We Have Varieties Available That are Organically Approved & Non Detect Non GMO Seed Clovers

Turf Grasses

Alsike Ladino Red Clover Strawberry White Dutch Yellow Blossom Trefoil

Ron’s Special Turf Mix Ky Blue Grass Athletic Turf Mix TT Perennial Ryegrass Chewings Fesque Bentgrass

Vernal Ranger WL-343HQ WL-354HQ WL-363HQ

Pasture Mixes Olympic Elite University w/No Clover Northwest Pasture Horse Pasture Ron’s Dryland Mix Ron’s Rangeland Mix

Field Grasses Orchard Grasses - Seco (Dryland) - Potomac - Paiute Teff Grass Mountain Meadow Brome Smooth Brome Annual Rye Grass Perennial Rye Grasses Climax Timothy Fawn Tall Fescue

Call or Stop In For Our Complete List of Seeds & Grains!

RON’S SEED & SUPPLY

710 Grass Valley Rd • Winnemucca, NV 89445 775-623-5053 • ronsseed@gmail.com YOUR SEED, FERTILIZER & CHEMICAL HEADQUARTERS FOR NEVADA THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 11

Joint USDA, FDA regulation for a controversial cell-cultured meat industry

80 head of 18 month old

Nevada raised Charolais Bulls

Michelle Cook

Wade and Cara Small

Nevada Rancher Magazine A joint statement from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November outlined how the two government entities plan to work together to oversee the regulation of alternative meat production. Generally, USDA regulates meat, and poultry, while FDA regulates nearly everything else, from produce to seafood to Cheetos and Pepsi. The FDA also regulates cell-cultured biomedical products—but not, until now, cell-cultured proteins intended for consumption as food. In October, the two agencies held a public meeting to hear stakeholder perspectives on emerging cellular agriculture technologies. At that meeting, the agencies announced that both USDA and FDA would join forces to regulate what has become a highly visible, contentious, and not-yet-at-market product that nobody is totally sure how to label—let alone how to monitor. At the time, though, the agencies did not release further details about the specifics of the regulatory framework, or the breakdown of responsibilities. “This regulatory framework will leverage both the FDA’s experience regulating cell-culture technology and living biosystems and the USDA’s expertise in regulating livestock and poultry products for human consumption,” read the statement. According to the released statement, cell-cultured meat products will begin their trip to market under FDA, which will oversee “cell collection, cell banks, and cell growth and differentiation.” When the material is ready for harvest, oversight will move to USDA, which will then regulate the production and labeling of cell-cultured products. Once in the marketplace, then, cultured meat products will be overseen by the same agency that traditional, carcass-derived meat products are—rather than being treated like some unnamed iteration of biomedical material extracted from livestock and poultry cell lines. The two agencies, however, aren’t known for working together, even when it might make sense. In the classic example of the somewhat fractured way responsibilities are delineated the FDA regulates cheese pizza, but if there is pepperoni on top, it falls under the jurisdiction of USDA’s Food Safety Inspection Service. And now two jurisdictions that can’t work together on pizza are jointly going to regulate a transformative and controversial segment of the food industry. This is certainly new territory. But, then again, everything about cell-cultured meat is new territory. Cell cultured meat brings together the possibilities of food science, and an opportunity to make a meat diet more widely available and accessible. Individual states are also getting in on the regulatory act. For example, Missouri passed a bill last May limiting the use of the word “meat” to an “edible portion of livestock or poultry carcass.” Now even “plant-based meats” will have to rebrand. Nobody has a product on the market yet, but several companies are working on it. JUST has pledged that cell-cultured chicken will be on the menu of some high-end restaurants before the end of the year, and Memphis Meats has set its sights on having products in stores in 2021. And some believe that as soon as technology and regulations develop to inexpensively scale and produce cultured meat, it will cause a permanent change in the industry. For many cattle producers, this is a time of year when important decisions are made regarding the cow herd. Many producers begin to receive sale catalogs, view sale publications, and may be receiving calls from previous bull suppliers. It is important for producers to make sound judgments about their herd sires. A poor bull buying decision might leave a producer with a product they don’t need or don’t want in their herd. On the other hand, a good bull buying decision will increase the chance of a profitable calf crop. Sire selection, on average, has a greater impact on the genetic improvement of a herd than most producers realize. Because the sire is more likely to produce a higher number of calves in his lifetime compared to a cow, a sire has the potential to contribute a larger portion of the genes to the herd. Therefore, it is important to manage the risk associated with a new bull purchase. Fortunately, the level of risk associated with the selection of a new bull is manageable using well planned breeding programs and high quality information.

12 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Dennis and Marcia Bieroth

slcharolaisbulls@gmail.com slcharolaisbulls.com

208.243.1813

AVAILABLE February 15

GENEX chute-side service

Turning frozen semen into solutions

A-20308-19

The same cowherd, raised on the same ranch by the same family for 100 years. March Selling

Angus Bulls and

in Bliss, Idaho Angus Females.

Spring Cove bulls are raised outside on dry range conditions, are genetically designed to provide meat, marbling and muscle and to perform in our western environment while enhancing the durability, fertility and longevity in your cowherd and in ours.

Spring Cove Reno 4021 Reg 17926446

Sired by: KM Broken Bow 002 MGS: CCA Emblazon 702

CED+10 BW-.3 WW+83 YW+137 SC+1.24 Milk+32 CW+54 Marb+.80 Rib+.63 $W+97.56 $F+105.75 $B+176.70 Reno sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

Spring Cove Crossbow 4205 Reg 17924903

Sired by : KM Broken Bow 002 MGS: CCA Emblazon 702

CED+17 BW -1.6 WW+56 YW+106 SC+.39 Milk+20 CW+53 Marb+1.00 Rib+.56 $W+48.03 $F+69.66 $B+161.59 Crossbow sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

Spring Cove Paygrade 5064 Reg 18251392 Sired by: Basin Payweight 1682 MGS: CCA Emblazon 702

CED+11 BW-.6 WW+53 YW+91 SC+.99 Milk+26 CW+36 Marb+1.07 Rib+.23 $W+62.84 $F+48.44 $B+130.55 Paygrade sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

S A V Resource 1411

Sitz Longevity 556Z Reg 17179073

Basin Bonus 4345 Reg 17904142

Sire: Connealy Final Product MGS: Woodhill Foresight

Sire: Basin Payweight 1682 MGS: Connealy Consensus 7229

Longevity sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

Bonus sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

CED+6 BEPD+.2 WEPD+60 YEPD+108 SC+1.00 Milk+30 CW+40 Marb+.80 Rib+.37 $W+67.63 $F+79.58 $B+142.71

For salebooks : Call: 208-352-4332 Email: info@springcoveranch.com www.springcoveranch.com

CED+7 BEPD+1.2 WEPD+72 YEPD+125 SC+.83 MEPD+36 CW+53 Marb+1.15 Rib+.54 $W+87.94 $F+86.41 $B+160.10

Spring Cove Ranch 269 Spring Cove Rd Bliss, Idaho 83314

Spring Cove TL Cat D13 Reg 18582235

Sire: Basin Bonus 4345 MGS: B/R Complete 4U75-257

CED+9 BEPD+.4 WEPD+58 YEPD+103 SC+1.00 MEPD+27 CW+29 Marb+.70 Rib+.81 $W+58.45 $F+64.14 $B+119.21 D13 sons and daughters sell March 11, 2019

For more information call:

Spring Cove Ranch office: 208-352-4332 Stacy Butlerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cell & text: 208-320-8803 Find us on Facebook

HONE

Courtesy or Snyder Livestock Bulls for the 21st Century Sale

What is an EPD? An EPD, or expected progeny difference, is just what it sounds like. It is a prediction of the difference between the average performance of future progeny of an individual and the performance of a theoretical reference animal, an animal with an EPD of zero. We assume similar environments and mates of the same genetic value. An EPD is a prediction of progeny performance relative to some standard. It is expressed in trait units. For growth traits, the units are pounds. For example, a particular sire might have an EPD of +1.5 for birth weight. This means that he is expected to produce calves 1.5 pounds heavier on average than the theoretical bull with a zero EPD for birth weight. This sire is expected to produce calves 4.5 pounds lighter than a sire with an EPD of +6.0 (6.01.5=4.5) or 4.0 pounds heaver than a sire with an EPD of –2.5 [1.5-(-2.5)=4.0]. EPDs are designed to compare animals, nothing more.

What advantages do EPDs have over ratios? Ratios are measures of individual performance and are calculated on a within-herd basis. They contain no pedigree or progeny information and are really only appropriate for comparing animals within the same herd or contemporary group. Conversely, EPDs are calculated from all sources of information – pedigree, own performance and progeny. EPDs are comparable across herds.

What is meant by accuracy? The accuracy value reflects the amount and relevance of the information used to calculate an individual EPD. Accuracy values range from zero (very poor) to one (extremely accurate). Accuracy measures the reliability of an EPD or the degree of risk associated with using a particular animal on the basis of its EPD. Highly accurate EPDs are very reliable; there is little risk that the progeny performance of an individual with high accuracy values will, on average, be much different than the EPDs indicated. On the other hand, the average progeny performance of an individual with low accuracy values may be quite different from what his EPDs suggest. A common misconception is that accuracy values tell us how variable an individual’s offspring will be. They don’t. Accuracies simply tell us whether the estimate is based on good hard data or whether it is little more than a guess.

Definitions: The following EPD’s are available for most of the breeds represented at Bulls for the 21st Century. EPDs and economic predictors specific to each breed are explained at the

beginning of each breed’s catalog section.

Production EPDs:

RANCH

Calving Ease Direct (CED), expressed as a ratio, with a higher ratio representing better (easier) calving ease. This value represents the direct influence a sire has on calving ease. Only first-calf heifer data is included. Birth Weight EPD (BW), expressed in pounds, is a predictor of a sire’s ability to transmit birth weight to his progeny compared to that of other sires. Weaning Weight EPD (WW), expressed in pounds, is a predictor of a sire’s ability to transmit weaning growth to his progeny compared to that of other sires. Yearling Weight EPD (YW), expressed in pounds, is a predictor of a sire’s ability to transmit yearling growth to his progeny compared to that of other sires.

Maternal EPDs: Calving Ease Maternal (CEM), expressed as a ratio for a sire’s daughters’ calving ease with a higher ratio being a more favorable calving ease. This value represents the calving ease that a sire transmits to his daughters. Only first-calf daughters are considered in calculations the EPDs. Maternal Milk EPD (Milk) or (MK), is a predictor of a sire’s genetic merit for milk and mothering ability as expressed in his daughters compared to daughters of other sires. In other words, it is that part of a calf’s weaning weight attributed to milk and mothering ability.

The Nevada Cattlemen’s Fallon All Breeds Bull Sale Bulls consigned to The Nevada Cattlemen's Fallon All Breeds Bull Sale February 16th, 2019 Sale Starts at 11 a.m

Snyder’s Bulls For the 21st Century Sale Snyder's Bulls for the 21st Century Sale in Yerington, NV March 10th, 2019 WWW.HONERANCH.COM (775)-691-1838 • Gardnerville, Nevada honeranch@frontier.com

12 Bulls Selling At the "Bulls For the 21st Century Sale" March 10, 2019 - Yerington, NV

Bulls mountain raised with the commercial cattleman in mind. Total Maternal EPD (TM), predicts the rancher’s actual observation of weaning weights of They excelled in all traits that count for feedlot efficiency and carcass merit. calves raised by an animal’s daughters. TM includes the daughter’s milk EPD plus half of Selling 3 sons of Brown Premier X 7876. Also Selling sons of her genetic contribution to her calf’s weaning Brown AA Prestigious B5153, Trotters Time 526,and Trotters Fusion 432 weight EPD. The formula for TM EPD is: TM EPD = Milk EPD + 1/2(WW EPD)

Carcass EPDs: Intramuscular Fat EPD (%IMF), a predictor of the difference in a sire’s progeny for % intramuscular fat (Marbling) in the ribeye muscle compared to other sires. Ribeye Area EPD (RE) or (REA), is a predictor of the difference in square inches of ultrasound ribeye area of a sire’s progeny compared to the progeny of other sires. Fat Thickness EPD (FAT) or (FT), expressed in inches, is a predictor of the difference in ultrasound fat thickness at the 12th rib of a sire’s progeny compared to the progeny of other sires. It includes the weighted average of 60% of the rib fat measurement and 40% of the rump fat measurement.

Trait CED BW WW YW Milk HPG CEM STAY ADG MARB YG CW REA Herd Builder Grid Master 14 16 16 0.29 0.96 0.05 32 -0.05 221 56 EPD 13 -4.7 70 116 14

Carcass Weight (CW), expressed in pounds of carcass weight.

C: 661-330-4617 • lanaj548@gmail.com HC4 Box 206A, Porterville, CA 93257

14 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Brown Premier X 7876 %

9% 15% 21% 15% 77% 22% 1%

62% 25% 71%

Trotter Red Angus

Western Nevada CattleWomen, Inc.

Snyder Livestock Company, Inc.

(price increase at the door)

Call Linda Huntsberger 775-720-3106 Or scan this code.

$30 Adult - $50 Couple $10 Child

OR T F S L H

Sat. March 9, 2019

Annual Ag Scholarship Dinner & Dance

CENTURY

Sat. March 9, 2019 - Dinner & Dance Sun. March 10, 2019 - Bull Sale

Bell Ranch • Cardey Ranches Diablo Valley Angus • Dixie Valley Easterly Romanov Ranch • Flying RJ Ranch Gudel Cattle Co. • Hone Ranch Jorgensen Charolais • Lancaster Ranch Phillips Red Angus • Rockin RC Rosebrook Angus and Hereford Steve Smith Angus & Gelbvieh Sugarloaf Valley Farms Thorenfeldt Land and Cattle Trotter Red Angus Western Trinity Angus Westwind Angus Lance Pekus Cowboy Ninja

P.O. Box 550 • 165 Osborne Ln. • Yerington, NV 89447 Lucy (775) 790-0801 • Office (775) 463-2677 • www.slcnv.com Funded in part by grants from the Yerington and Lyon County Room Tax Boards THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 15

Considerations for Selecting Bulls Extension Highlights Pershing County Extension Educator By Steve Foster

Most successful cattle managers have a written plan and a list of both short and long term goals for their cow herds. Their goals are well defined, achievable, and revised on an annual basis. What traits should you emphasize in your bull selection? This is a common question and there is not a simple answer. A large number of predictions for traits are available for most beef cattle breeds. Using this information and other types of information, cattle producers can select the best animals to match their production and marketing environments. Ideally, the traits of economic importance include those that increase profitability. For example, one producer may have a limited amount of labor during calving; therefore, calving ease would most likely be a good choice. Another cattle producer might market his cattle through a retained ownership program, and premiums or discounts are awarded for carcass quality. This producer would place a greater emphasis on carcass traits. These examples do not promote selection emphasis on one trait or trait category. Important trait categories, such as reproduction, should not be overlooked. Previous research has shown that in a cow calf operation, where calves are sold at weaning, reproduction has greater economic impact over growth and carcass trait categories. Purchasing a bull can be similar to buying a car. For cattle producers to get the best deal available, they need to research and study all available information about the seller’s cattle before going to the sale. A buyer needs to ask what features are mandatory for my bull and what options do I want in the bull? Some options might include high growth rate and easy calving. Additionally, the producer should ask how much they are willing to pay for the different options above the basic model price. Selection tools available to cattle producers to assist with selection decisions include, but are not limited to, pedigrees, EPDs, ratios, carcass data, financial records, indexes, and many others. Having a large amount of information is a benefit; however, the volume of information can be overwhelming. If a cattle producer devotes the necessary time to analyze many of the previously

mentioned items, including their financial records, the economically important traits are more likely to surface. For those of you that are not cattle producers, an EPD is a prediction of the difference between the average performance of future progeny of an individual (your bull) and the performance of theoretical reference animals (an average bull) with an EPD of zero. Using birth weight EPD as an example, imagine there are two sires being mated to the exact same cow herd. Sire A has an EPD of 0 and sire B has an EPD of +10 for “Birth Weight”. On average, sire B is expected to produce calves 10 pounds heavier at birth than calves from sire A. Simply, an EPD is a prediction of progeny performance. Currently, Expected Progeny Differences (EPD) are the highest accuracy selection tool available and a superior prediction of performance compared to an animal’s actual trait observation. Expected progeny differences account for differences in herd management and feed environment, genetic differences between herds, the genetic merit of parents, and culling for poor performance. Unfortunately, EPD cannot account for incomplete reporting, inaccurate reporting of data, incomplete pedigrees, and inaccurate assignment of animals to contemporary groups. Therefore, it is very important for producers to correctly and accurately report all information on their cattle. However, these EPD’s only measure output – not profit. Profit is output minus cost. Unfortunately more output usually comes from more inputs – i.e. more feed. Animals with higher EPD’s for yearling and milk don’t convert better; they just eat more per day. Bigger EPD, higher feed consumption cattle have bigger mature weights. In fact, the dam of the average +100 YW (Yearling Weight) EPD bull weighs over 1650 pounds in good body condition. Most importantly, unless you need to correct a marked deficiency in your herd, select for balance in traits to avoid unintended consequences of narrowly focused selection. Source: Bull Selection 101, By: John L. Evans, Ph.D. Extension Beef Cattle Breeding Specialist Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University

Join Us the First Thursday in March for These Standouts Selling and More ...

March 7, 2019

Lunch 11 a.m. Sale 12 p.m.

As 4th generation Preston, Idaho, cattle ranchers, we are building our family legacy as we take a systematic approach with sound judgement, balanced eye-appeal, and functional cattle that will thrive in our rigid conditions.

PrESton, Idaho

Our cowherd is backed with performance, carcass and maternal traits so we can sell bulls that thrive in the commercial industry from conception to consumption. We take cattle ranching back to the basics of good-footed, hearty cows producing soggy calves every year!

SIRE: ICC PAY RAISE 4886

CAnnon PAYRAISE 405 AAA 19322654 12-10-2017 CED +1 MARB I+.23

BW +3.0 RE I+.70

WW +65 $W +47.32

YW +123 $F +89.23

SC I+.95 $G +25.26

MILK +22 $B +130.66

SIRE: EF CoMMAnDo 1366

CAnnon CoMMAnDo 406 AAA 19322655 12-10-2017 CED +9 MARB I+.68

BW +.4 RE I+.67

WW +62 $W +62.53

YW +105 $F +53.59

SC I+.53 $G +41.76

MILK +27 $B +122.39

cachE VaLLEY BULL SaLE SELLIng a StoUt SEt of LatE faLL and EarLY SPrIng YEarLIng angUS BULLS

Outstanding Phenotype, Genetically Elite, Sound, Deep & Functional

2214 E. 800 S., Preston, Id 83263 http://cannonangus.com

Matt Macfarlane 916-803-3113 m3cattlemarketing@gmail.com m3cattlemarketing.com

16 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

SIRE: BALDRIDGE TITAn A139

SIRE: ConnEALY ConFIDEnCE PLuS

CAnnon ConFIDEnCE PLuS 408 AAA 19313143 12-17-2017 CED +14 MARB I+.63

BW -1.3 RE I+.77

WW +49 $W +52.84

YW +92 $F +46.93

SC I+.56 $G +42.41

Watch and Bid Live Online

MILK +29 $B +120.30

CAnnon TITAn 412 AAA 19325618 CED +3 MARB I+.77

BW +2.2 RE I+.47

WW +60 $W +45.40

YW +111 $F +72.36

12-19-2017

SC I+1.12 $G +43.24

MILK +20 $B +130.64

aUctIonEEr trent Stewart 541-325-3662

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 17

The Devils Gate Ranch

Photo by: Knight Family

Left: Sophie is the 13 year old daughter of Jeff and Sariah Knight.

Living and working on a Nevada Ranch

Sophie Knight is the 13-year-old daughter of Jeff and Sariah Knight of Elko, Nevada. Her mom teaches her at home, she is currently in the 8th grade. Her dad manages the Devils Gate Ranch in Northeastern Elko County. Sophie has had the opportunity to live on and explore quite a few ranches in both Northern Nevada and Southern Idaho with her 6 brothers and sisters. Her favorite part about ranching in Nevada is being out in the middle of nowhere, in the sagebrush, helping her family brand calves while living in a cow camp. Sophie is also an avid photographer who was a runner up in the 2018 Nevada Rancher Magazine Youth Photo Contest.

Story by Sophie Knight & Jennifer Whiteley Special to the Rancher Elko, Nev.--The ranch I live on is called the Devils Gate Ranch. It is located in Elko County. The ranch got its name for this rock formation that looks like a devil’s horn. It is also the break where the North Fork of the Humboldt River flows from the upper country down through the ranch into the Humboldt River. The ranch was established in 1873 by Dan Murphy. Mr. Murphy was known at one time as the Cattle King of Nevada and the largest landowner in the world. He owned the Rancho Grande, Haystack Ranch, and Devils Gate Ranch in Elko County and grazed his cattle on the lower Diamond A Desert and into Bruneau, Idaho. The Devils Gate corral is where we wean all our calves in the fall. We trail the cows and calves from the back of the allotment, about 30 miles away to the Devils Gate to wean. It takes all month to gather, trail and wean. It’s a busy place all the month of October when calves are separated from the cows. The calves are trailered to the ranch headquarters about five miles away. The cows will bawl for their calves at the Devils Gate for a few days then graze along the river until the snow comes. The corral is made out of big wooden beams. We used to brand some calves in the corrals at the Devils Gate, but now we brand on the wagon for several weeks on the mountain in early June. One time, a cowboy got hurt really bad in a horse wreck at the Devils Gate corral. A helicopter landed nearby, and he was flown to a hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah. He healed and is doing well now, but it was pretty scary for a while. My oldest brother, Jasper proposed to his future wife Aspen Peterson on top of the Devils Gate. It’s very scenic on top of the rocks looking down on the river. She said yes and they are now married. He now works on the YP ranch on the Owyhee Desert. Our family likes to explore and hike around the Devils Gate. There is a water fall that we like to hike to as a family. Nature has made some interesting rock formations in the area. Our family has seen several bobcats and a few mountain lions around the Devils Gate. Up the river from the Devils Gate are some neat old homesteads and ranches. They are interesting to go visit and see how the early ranchers and homesteaders used to live. Life was a lot harder without electricity and trucks. I admire all the hard work that the ranch wife had to do while living on these remote ranches along the North Fork of the Humboldt River. I enjoy living and working with my brothers, sisters and parents on the Devils Gate Ranch. I like to take pictures of all the different things that go on at the ranch. I have great memories being homeschooled and cowboying on the ranch. My sister and I have chores to do every day, even Christmas morning before we open any presents. I want to someday marry a rancher and live on a big Nevada ranch.

Photo by: Sophie Knight

Left: Jasper Knight and then fiancé Aspen Peterson on top of the Devils Gate. It’s very scenic on top of the rocks looking down on the river.

Photo by: Sophie Knight

At Right: A cowboy brings weaned calves down the alley to be loaded on a trailer to haul to the Devils Gate Ranch Headquarters.

Photo by: Sophie Knight

Background image: A cowboy ropes calves at branding time.

Photo by: Sophie Knight

At right: In the fall, just-weaned cows bawl for their calves at the Devils Gate for a few days then graze along the river until the snow comes.

18 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

We pride ourselves on producing moderate frame, easy fleshing, high performing

Charolais Bulls that express ease of calving. Our cattle are raised in the rocky high deserts of eastern Oregon, producing a line of cattle that will excel in any environment. Our goal is not to chase the big numbers of the breed but to produce a bull that can excel in a forage based environment. We strive to produce not just another bull, but a sire that will provide calves with the proficiency to utilize forage and the diversity to out rival their contemporaries at the feed lot.

Friday February 22nd, 2019 1 pm Green Spot Arena, Madras Oregon RANCH BRONC to follow 6 PM Offering 130 Charolais Bulls: 100-15 month old Fall Yearling Bulls 10 of Which are Charolais, Red Angus Composite “Range Fire Bulls” 30 Spring Coming 2 Year Old Charolais Bulls

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 19

Budgeting for 2019 Cassie Johnson Pacific Intermountain Mortgage Co While the cold weather pushes us inside this time of year, that doesn’t mean we want to spend our time inside behind the desk. However, the desk is a necessary evil of the business that requires our time and attention. Let’s talk about getting behind the desk this winter and making the most of it so that we set ourselves up for success in the new year. I see a budget as a road map. There are lots of roads to any single location and deciding which one to take varies for each person as an individual or operation. Our operations are all very unique depending on the product we raise, our geographical location, etc. Budgets are not a one size fits all and they are not carved in stone. Trying to determine our budget for the year seems so overwhelming when we think about all the variables there are in our operation that we can’t predict such as the market or the weather or the many other factors that we cannot control, but can have a large impact on our farm or ranch. Take a breath and start with last year’s numbers. I will usually print last years Profit and Loss report out of QuickBooks or export it into excel so that I can review last year’s information easier. Now adjust the things you know are going change. For instance, you might know that you are planning to rebuild a portion of the corrals, reseed a field, sell some extra cows, or put in a new pivot. Adjust what you know, be conservative, and I tend to build a little extra expense into the budget as a buffer for myself. Once we have the projected numbers for 2019 figured out let’s put them into QuickBooks. Start at the top menu bar. Click Company: Planning and Budgeting: Set up Budgets. In the next window you will select to “create new budget”. The preferences I choose through the next interview are: Profit and Loss Budget: No Criteria: and then you can choose to “start from scratch” or “from last year’s actuals”. If you choose “from last year’s actuals” QuickBooks will automatically put the actual expenses you recorded in each monthly column for the category you recorded them in. Then you can adjust any numbers you want. If you choose “from scratch” you will see a blank input screen that you enter numbers into yourself. Now you need to decide if you want to do a budget on a monthly or annual basis. If you choose monthly then you input your expenses for each category horizontally by month. If you choose annual then put the total expense for the year in the

January column. Once you have your budget in QuickBooks and a plan for the year ahead don’t forget to go back and look at it from time to time and watch your progress throughout the year. Here is my quick and dirty report I use the most to do a quick check. In the top menu go to Reports: Budgets: Budget vs Actual. Once you open that report let’s make a few customizations to the report. In the upper left-hand corner click on the “customize report” button. Where is says “display columns”, click on the drop-down menu and select total only if you inputted your information on an annual basis instead of a monthly basis. This is the one we are going to look at for this example. Make sure your dates are set for this fiscal year. Now my personal preference is I unclick the “$ Difference” box and leave the “% of Budget” box check marked. Click Ok. This is what I call my quick glance report. Now I like to browse the “% of Budget” column to get an idea of where I am in comparison to my original plan. For instance, let’s say its March when I am looking at this report. If any of my percentage figures are over 25% then I am going to stop and look at the detail and figure out why. Maybe it’s just a timing thing. Maybe expenses are over budget, but we knew they were and have adjust for it in other areas. Or maybe it’s a sign that something is going wrong, like a project is costing more than originally anticipated or we have some fuel theft going on. This is a great way to keep yourself engaged in the progress of your plan as you work through the year. Also remember that you can always go back into the input screen for you budget and change your figures at any time. Budgets don’t have to be scary or hard and they should always be easy to monitor. QuickBooks can help us make budgeting and monitoring our budget a more efficient process. So, when the snow starts to fly, get the cows fed, the farm equipment tuned, and spend a little time at the desk in the afternoon. I’m excited for the year ahead of us, hope you are too. Cassi Johnson Pacific Intermountain Mortgage Company cassi@pacificim.net

Customer Training Day: Troubleshooting Pivot Problems & More! March 5th 8am until 3 pm @ The Boys & Girls Club in Winnemucca, NV

Bring your questions and your appetite - Food will be served!

R.S.V.P. by February 18th - CALL AGRI-LINES @775-625-1945

20 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

The Retail Meat Case: America’s Favorite Beef Cuts Alison Krebs Beef It’s What’s For Dinner Everyone has a “Top 10” list, whether it be movies, restaurants or vacation spots. Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. likes to keep lists as well, and one of our favorites is Top Selling Beef Cuts at Retail. Leveraging IRI/Freshlook scanner data, we can understand consumer buying behavior at the meat case.1,2 While cattle anatomy dictates the overall nature of beef supply (e.g. two Tenderloins), consumers’ willingness to pay ultimately dictates fabrication and therefore, cut sales. Basically, if the demand isn’t there, then neither is the cut. (And the available Beef becomes Ground Beef.) Over 140 Beef cuts are sold at retail and the Top 10 account for 31% of total cut dollar sales. So, which Beef cuts are resonating most with consumers in 2018? Essentially, this Top 10 List (Table 1) features high-end steak cuts that are great for grilling, broiling or pan-frying This is led by Ribeye, Strip and T-Bone, with Tenderloin making the list due to its high price point. Continuing with steaks, the mid-range Sirloin is followed by the classic London Broil – which works well when marinated and can feed a crew – officially known as the Top Round First Steak. On this list, however, steak cuts are balanced by more economical offerings such as two different Chuck Roasts, Stew Meat and Cubed Steak, where slower cooking methods make these options tender and flavorful. Re-sorting this list by pounds bumps both Chuck Center Roast and Top Round First Steak up a couple notches, elevates Corned Brisket Flat to the list and drops Tenderloin Steak to number 25. Drilling further into sales of the top two cuts (Ribeye and Strip Steak), bone-state is part of the mix for both. While boneless cuts account for the majority of sales for both steaks, the boneless Ribeye has a slightly lower share of sales (69%) than a boneless Strip (75%). The boneless shares of these cuts diverged somewhat during the tight supplies and higher prices of late-2014 through early-2016 , but some separation remains. Overall, however, there is currently no pronounced move towards (or away from) boneless Ribeye or Strip Steaks. Comparing sales from the first seven months of 2018 to the same period a year ago, the list is quite consistent. While Ribeye and Strip Steaks remain the perennial favorites, consumers have picked up on more affordable pricing for the T-Bone Steak as both dollar and volume sales have double-digit increases. Chuck Center Roast sales have moderated while Stew Meat sales are higher, primarily based on robust pricing. And, Blade Chuck Roast sales are stronger in dollars, pounds and price. Looking at cut sales by region, distinct patterns emerge. For example, at 20% of total Beef cut dollar sales, the Ribeye Steak dominates in the South Central and

Showcase stallion

Southeast Regions, whereas Strip Steak is the top cut in the Northeast and ties the Ribeye at 13% of sales in the Plains states . The most regionally unique cuts are the Sirloin Bavette and Tri-Tip Roast in California, the Brisket Deckle-Off in the South-Central U.S., the Chuck Eye Roast near the Great Lakes, and the Petite Sirloin Steak in the West. Finally, Porterhouse Steak and Top Round First Steak are more prominent in the Northeast. 2018 sales of top selling Beef cuts are strong. Prices have remained robust as supplies continue to increase spurred by growing consumer demand. Regional differences play a role in cut preference, but the list of top selling cuts remains as consistent as the great taste of Beef. More info visit: https://www.beefitswhatsfordinner.com/sales-data/retail-insights/ americas-favorite-cuts

- 285 LOTS SELL -

Females sell Sunday evening, February 24th

LOT 23 - C 4038 Bell Air 8057 ET

Enjoy our great rates! 4.5” square ad 9” x 4.5” ad

$241 $430

Reserve your space by February 8th

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

AHA 43889973

0.8 53 89 39 0.6 0.17

Powerful big topped son of Belle Air out of the $97,000 donor dam 4038 owned with Bowling Ranch in Oklahoma. Low birth genetics with great markings and big carcass traits. Three full brothers also sell.

LOT 47 - C 4038 Bell Air 8108 ET

LOT 78 - C Double Your Miles 8185

STALLION

Showcase

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

0.8 53 89 39 0.6 0.17

Big time heifer bull candidate and one that could be used on lots of commercial heifer breeding projects. He has as much red as you could put on one and is out of one of the best donors we have in 4038. He will add maternal traits with carcass and superior markings.

AHA P43890045

Publishing in the March edition of The Nevada Rancher dedicated to the horse.

Two ad sizes are offered on these special theme pages — 4.5” square or 9“ x 4.5”

150 Hereford Bulls | 87 Angus Bulls

AHA 43889924

The perfect advertising space to spread the word to real working cowboys that rely on quality horses!

Two ad sizes make it easy!

Bulls sell Monday, February 25th

25 Open Hereford Heifers | 19 Open Angus Heifers 5 Sexed Female Pregnancies

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

LOT 65 - C CJC 4264 Bell Air 8153 ET

LOT 122 - C Special Edition 7348

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

2.2 52 85 28 0.6 0.21

This herd sire will see heavy use in our program in the years to come. He is the polled full brother to the Belle Heir bull that Knox Brothers recently purchased a half-interest in. Great look and incredible pedigree and performance.

AHA 43871943

2.4 67 95 35 0.65 0.11

This is an exciting young prospect who is made perfect in terms of structure, body depth and muscle shape. He is out of a first calf heifer who was a no doubt donor when she calved. Great udders all the way through both sides of his pedigree with his grandmother being 4208 who sets the bar for udder quality.

AHA P43890016 BW WW YW MM REA MARB

3.6 64 88 33 0.73 0.2

This son of Special Edition has been a standout all along. He has always been a visitor favorite with his extra look and bold top and hip. He is a natural calf out of a Stockman daughter and should be one of the popular sires on the market.

AHA P43871950

LOT 123 - C 4038 Mr Canada 7355 ET

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

1.7 63 102 35 0.65 0.04

Unique outcross genetic combination which blends Mr. Canada with one of our very best donors 4038. His individual scan data sets him apart from the rest and with his extra look and structure he will be one of the popular choices sale day.

Ad size A 4.5” x 4.5”

Ad size B 9” x 4.5”

Contact Ashley Buckingham to reserve your space! Cell: (775) 304-8814 email: a.buckingham@winnemuccapublishing.net

AHA P43871947

LOT 124 - C 5280 1311 Lad 7352 ET

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

If you remember back to what “Double Your Miles” looked like when he was named National Champion in Denver 2017 this one is like looking in a mirror. Big bodied and huge hipped with that same dark color pattern and scanned with a huge ribeye. His brothers have proven to be big time herd sires and this one will do the same.

3.6 62 87 31 0.69 -0.01

AAA 19195035

LOT 191 - CCC The Natural 8060

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

High performing bull and backed by a top cow family. Dam has an AWWW of 106 and AYWR of 103 with both daughters retained in the herd.

www.hereford.com

3.4 74 134 30 0.76 0.31

AAA 19195212

LOT 198 - CCC Playbook 8072

BW WW YW MM REA MARB

This bull is out of one of our all time top producing females. At 11 years old she weaned this calf with a WWR of 110. Her AWWR is 105 and AYWR is 106 on eight head.

Guy, Sherry and Katie Colyer, 208.845.2313 Kyle and Bobby Jean, 208.845.2098 GUY cell: 208.599.0340 • email: guy@hereford.com KYLE cell: 208.250.3924 • FAX: 208.845.2314

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 21

3.1 60 103 33 0.30 0.58

Winter Water – Making Sure Horses Drink Enough Heather Smith Thomas The Nevada Rancher

Horses drink less water when weather is wet and/or cold, but they still need bling a little snow as they graze. This gives them a continuous supply of moisture a certain amount for proper body function. If they are shortchanged, or don’t through the grazing day. It’s harder for them to get an adequate amount if they drink enough because the water is very cold (or frozen for most of the day) they are being fed one or two meals of hay daily, eating the food more quickly and not having adequate moisture to go with it. If they don’t get enough moisture, become dehydrated and this can lead to impaction. Dr. Bruce Connally, who was a field service veterinarian at Colorado State Uni- they won’t eat as much. “Many horses that are just on snow for water, unless they have good feed, versity and now in private equine sportsmedicine practice in Longmont, Colorado, tend to lose weight. If it becomes very cold, it becomes a calorie grew up near Sundance, Wyoming and has had a lot of experience with cold winters. “My dad was a ranch cowboy. I grew “If you are feeding a issue, but a lot of horses winter out and do pretty well on snow,” he explains. up on several ranches around Wyoming and was riding half day “People who have horses in stables will never understand circles with my dad before I went to first grade; I wasn’t tough high protein hay like alfalfa, the horse’s using snow as a water source, and those of us who grew up on enough to last the whole day,” says Connally. ranches will always know that it works, but it does have limita“Wild horses, and many ranch horses in northern climates and body has to break tions under certain conditions,” says Connally. higher elevations, live on snow in the winter. It doesn’t always down and flush out Many owners wonder how much water a horse actually needs work as well as we’d like it to, but it works. The problem with in winter. “This is a tricky question. It varies greatly on the depending on snow is that sometimes it’s hard for the horses to the extra protein circumstances; it depends on diet, temperature, and the horses’ get enough volume; they may have to work pretty hard at it to it doesn’t need.” activity. They need a lot less water in winter than they do in get enough, which means they may become a little dehydrated,” summer, because they are not losing fluid to sweating—unless he says. “Horses also have to generate body heat in order to melt and warm the snow they are being worked hard in the winter,” he says. “They still lose moisture through their breath, and through urine and manure, they eat, which increases their caloric needs. It costs a little more energy for horses to live on snow—or even very cold water, because they have to warm it to so they always need to drink enough water to flush wastes from the body. It’s body temperature, too--but they usually manage all right unless the weather gets common for the typical 1000-pound relatively inactive horse to survive on 5 gallons of water per day during winter. Some horses have a higher requirement and really cold,” he explains. Horses do best on snow when at pasture, grazing more or less continually, nib- some will drink a little less. When it gets colder, they all drink less, even if the

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22 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

water is warm and readily available,” he says. They do, however, drink a little more total quantity through the day if the water is warm than if it is ice-cold. “On a cold night they won’t drink at all. There are studies that show horses drink quite a bit less in a 24-hour period if the water is cold (drinking through a hole chopped in the ice on a creek, pond or reservoir, for instance) than they do warm water. They can survive on cold water, and do all right, but they will drink more quantity if it’s warm,” Connally says. “A study a few years ago measured water consumption in groups of horses that were on cold water versus heated water. They were able to measure a significant difference,” he says. Water quality is also important, but it is usually adequate quality if it is coming from a tank or well, rather than contaminated surface water. In extremely cold weather, it’s wise to provide warmed water. “Not only are horses willing to drink more, but they also need to drink more to get rid of body wastes—because hopefully they are eating more feed to provide energy for body heat. If they are not having to warm the water, or melt the snow, with their body temperature, the warmed water causes less energy drain.” If you are feeding extra because it’s cold (and you should), the horses need additional water to facilitate digestion of the extra feed. “If you are feeding a high protein hay like alfalfa, the horse’s body has to break down and flush out the extra protein it doesn’t need. They are producing body heat as they metabolize the protein and use it as energy, so they must be able to create enough urine to get rid of that extra ammonia. Horses on alfalfa hay always require more water than horses on grass hay,” he explains. “You won’t notice it as much if you are feeding extra grass hay, but if you are feeding very much alfalfa, the horses will drink more; they have a higher need for water,” says Connally. “One thing some clients worry about in winter is when they notice a patch of orange where their horse urinated in the snow. This is nothing to worry about, however; it’s just some of the porphyrins (organic compounds) coming through from the feed. It’s not blood (or it would be red); it’s just some of the wastes being taken out via the urine, from the alfalfa hay,” he says.

Of more concern would be a horse not drinking enough in winter and becoming impacted. “Sometimes impaction is related to inadequate water, and sometimes related to feed quality. If horses have to eat really coarse hay that is almost like straw, we see more incidence of impaction colic because they just can’t break it down enough. We rarely see impaction colic in horses that are on alfalfa hay. They may suffer other issues, but not usually impactions,” Connally explains. “There are always a few people who decide their horse isn’t drinking enough water in winter, so they either pour salt on the feed, or give the horse a lot of electrolytes in the water, and forget to offer some plain fresh water alongside it. If you only provide electrolytes without plain water in addition, you may reduce the horse’s water consumption; he won’t drink the salty water if he doesn’t like the taste of the electrolytes. You can actually do more harm than good. Salt on the feed is probably ok and it will make the horse drink more water, but don’t put too much salt on the feed or the horse will eat less of the feed, too. It’s best to keep things simple.” Horses drink most of their daily water early in the day, when they are eating their hay, or nibble snow throughout the day if they are grazing. If you are feeding hay in the morning, be sure to provide adequate water. They drink the most water as they are eating or when finishing up the hay meal. “They’ll eat for an hour or two and then go to water. If you only have one time of day you can offer water to them, that’s the best time; they’ll drink the most,” he says. Even if the horse is short of water, he won’t drink much during a cold night. If you feed and water your horse when you come home from work in the evening, the horse may not get much benefit from the water; he’ll let it freeze. “Some people try to remedy this by providing warm or hot water in the evenings. But the interesting thing is that hot water freezes faster than cold water. I have several clients who take a bucket of hot water out there at night for their horses, thinking they’ll have water longer, but it doesn’t work that way. The hot water will be frozen sooner than plain cool water. It cools off faster and will actually freeze before the cold water does. If you haul warm water out there and the horse drinks it right away, that’s fine. But don’t expect it to last longer through the night without freezing; it just freezes quicker.”

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 23

k o o b p a r c S Ranching

Pogonip

Days of Fog

Photos and Words By Jennifer Whiteley Nevada Rancher Magazine

Lamoille, Nev.—The word “pogonip” is a meteorological term used to describe an uncommon occurrence of frozen fog. The word was coined by the Native Americans to describe the frozen fogs of fine ice needles that occur in the mountain valleys of the western United States in the winter. The original name was the Shoshone word “payinappih” translated to cloud. English speaking settlers of the west in the 1800’s altered it to pogonip. The Old Farmer’s Almanac often cautions “Beware of the Pogonip!” It describes this wintertime phenomenon as a cold spell with freezing fog, during which super cooled droplets condense in frigid temperatures and form crystalline particles and layers on trees, grasses, fences, and even livestock. This phenomenon happens when a huge high-pressure weather system sits over much of the American West, creating inland temperature inversions and fog. In these situations, temperatures are actually warmer at higher elevations than they are at lower elevations. The American Meteorological Society describes conditions when humidity is high in a deep stable layer with surface radiative cooling, as ice fog. Ice fog is also known as ice crystal fog, frozen fog, ice crystal haze, Arctic mist, frost fog, frost flakes, air hoar, rime fog, and pogonip, along with many names in other languages. When ice crystals form and fall like snow in such a fog, the phenomenon is often poetically called diamond dust. Pogonip is also known as Hoarfrost across the pond. Under clear frosty nights in winter soft ice crystals might form on vegetation or any object that has been chilled below freezing point by radiation cooling. This deposit of ice crystals is known as hoar frost and may sometimes be so thick that it might look like snow. The interlocking ice crystals become attached to branches of trees, leafs, hedgerows and grass blades and are one of the most prominent features of a typical ‘winter wonderland’ day. However, the fine ‘feathers’, ‘needles’ and ‘spines’ might also be found on any other object that is exposed to supersaturated air below freezing temperature. The relative humidity in supersaturated air is greater than 100% and the formation of hoar frost is similar to the formation of dew with the difference that the temperature of the object on which the hoar frost forms is well below 0°C, whereas this is not the case with dew. Hoar frost crystals often form initially on the tips of plants or other objects. By either name, it is beautiful to see, but makes for a cold morning feeding!

No matter the temperature, cows have to eat too!

24 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Background image: A horse travels through frost covered grass to the feed ground.

Under clear frosty nights in winter soft ice crystals might form on vegetation or any object that has been chilled below freezing point by radiation cooling. This deposit of ice crystals is known as hoar frost and may sometimes be so thick that it might look like snow.

Pogonip clings to mares’ tails as they graze on protein block.

Hard rime is a white ice that forms when the water droplets in fog freeze to the outer surfaces of objects. It is often seen on trees atop mountains and ridges in winter, when low-hanging clouds cause freezing fog. “Beware of the Pogonip!” It describes this wintertime phenomenon as a cold spell with freezing fog, during which super cooled droplets condense in frigid temperatures and form crystalline particles and layers on trees, grasses, fences, and even livestock.

Pogonip clings to black cows as they await their breakfast.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 25

Oral Electrolytes for Calves By Sarah Hummel, DVM Special to the Rancher

I love watching new calves hit the ground, running behind feed trucks and playing in little groups. Helping my husband feed is one of my favorite moments during this time of year as we get to watch these little critters spring to life within minutes of birth. This year, in Northern Nevada anyways, we will get to trudge through the glorious mud that the wet winter has brought us. The lush spring that we hope for in the future currently poses a challenge with the muddy, wet conditions as we are approaching calving season. I can never complain about any rain, snow, muddy conditions or even flooding in this area, but the reality is, it increases the chance of sickness and disease in the herd especially in the calves as the conditions are dirtier and take more energy to navigate through them. By far the most common ailment to affect calves prior to weaning is diarrhea, and the beginning of the year is a great time to review the mainstay of therapy, fluid replacement. Oral electrolytes started becoming a popular treatment for human babies with diarrhea in the 1960’s and didn’t become popular until the 1970’s. Now it is widely used in both human and veterinary medicine. Fluid replacement will save that calf well before any antibiotic as the main causes of death ranking from most to least common are: dehydration, acidosis, unbalanced electrolytes and negative energy (starvation). Sepsis, or bacteria in the blood stream, is a rarer cause of death in calves with diarrhea. Oral electrolyte therapy is an effective, cost-efficient, easy method of addressing the calves’ needs in the face of diarrhea. Tubing a calf is effective if the calf is still able to stand on its own and has a suckle response. If the calf is Sons of These Bulls Sell! TH N N UA L too dumpy to do these two things, then fluids directly into the vein are substantially better. This is because there is not enough blood going to the stomach or the skin (in case of subcutaneous fluids) to disperse the fluids that you are giving therefore you must go right to the vein. If you can identify calves before they get to this point, then oral elecS AT U R DAY , M A RC H 2 3 , 2 019 trolytes can be enough of a treatment to save the calf. There are multiple goals of oral electrolyte therapy: B OX E L D E R C O U N T Y F A I RG RO U N D S Connealy Black Granite Have enough sodium to correct dehydration (Sodium is T REMONTON, U T • 1 PM responsible for pulling water into the vessels – water alone will not correct dehydration). 6 0 B ULLS • 2 0 H EIFERS S I M M E N TA L • A N G U S • S I M A N G U S Be able to move the sodium from the gut to the bloodstream Bid Live Online at This is best done by molecules called acetate, glycine or glucose SEMEN AND TRICH TESTED Correct acidosis (sodium bicarbonate, acetate or propiF U L LY G UA R A N T E E D onate) SAV Universal 4038 FOR A CATALOG OF MORE INFORMATION, CALL OR EMAIL Provide energy KASEY ROWSER And facilitate a healthy gut environment by encouraging 435-757-4093 • KASEYROWSER@YAHOO.COM healing and discouraging bacterial overgrowth Milk does not have enough sodium to effectively rehyCome be a part of our family and enjoy drate calves. Milk generally has 20 mMoles of sodium and a free lunch on us! Our sale is a highlight of between 90-130 mMoles are required to efficiently draw the sodium into the vessels and other tissue. Therefore, elecour year and we’re excited to share it with you! trolyte therapy is important and can be given in addition to R&R Genetics consists of three families running cattle operations in Northern Utah. Our HA Cowboy Up 5405 milk. This sodium also needs to get absorbed from the gut cattle run on US Forest permits where they range at elevations reaching 9,500+ feet. Water which is the second goal. This is done by molecules called is scarce and trips of 2-3 miles are common from one watering hole to the next. acetate, glycine or glucose. Glycine is the most efficient This is why we have chosen to run Angus and Simmental cattle. Both breeds offer a strong followed by acetate. If an oral electrolyte solution contains maternal instinct, solid milk flow and reproductive efficiency. This is coupled with great dispositions, strong carcass traits and good feet and legs. both, then it is even better at getting the sodium where it Our high elevation cattle bred in the west offer top end genetics at affordable prices. We needs to be. implement a strong ET program and vast AI protocol. If you are looking for strong Angus, The third goal is to correct the acidosis, one of the lead® Simmental, and SimAngus genetics, be sure to look us up March 24, 2018! ing causes of death in calves. Acetate and proprionate also facilitates sodium absorption, also provides energy, inhibits W/C Bullseye 3046A growth of some bacteria such as salmonella, and does not ROWSER & RINDERKNECHT interfere with milk digestion. Sodium bicarbonate (or baking soda) is the easiest to access, but it is not as ideal as it can slow milk digestion and doesn’t offer the other benefits of acetate. The slower the milk digests can lead to bacterial overgrowth in the gut. In other-words, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) is good, but it is not the best. GENETICS The fourth goal of providing energy usually comes in the Double JR Simmentals Rowser Angus & Simmental Rinderknecht Angus form of glucose or dextrose (they are the same thing). You WLE Uno Mas X549 (435) 512-8455 (435) 757-4093 (435) 279-7372 need enough glucose, but too much can slow milk emptying from the abomasum and result in bloat. The electrolytes labeled “high energy” usually have a very high amount of

BULL AND H E I F E R SA L E

R & R

26 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

glucose and should not be given if the calf is drinking any milk. Now enough with the technical aspects of oral electrolytes and let’s talk practical. When looking for a premade electrolyte mix make sure it meets the goals outlined above: have adequate sodium, contains acetate or propionate, avoid the “high-energy” products but provide a moderate amount of energy (glucose). Products that meet these criteria include: “Diaque” by Boehringer Ingleheim, “Base Plus” by Land O Lakes, “Replenish” by Blue Light, and “Revibe” by Zoetis. A home-made oral electrolyte solution that meets the criteria but uses sodium bicarbonate is a great alternative if you don’t have any products on hand. The recipe is adapted from “Guard’s homemade electrolytes” and goes into two liters of fluid (2 liters = 8 ½ cups). •½ cup 50% dextrose or powdered sugar (you can increase to ¾ cup if you are not feeding any milk concurrently, I always recommend trying to keep the calf on milk – you can buy 50% dextrose at many feed stores or get it from your vet – do not put 50% dextrose solution under the skin). •1 tsp of lite salt (KCl and NaCl apx a 50/50 mixture of table salt and pure KCl) •½ tsp table salt (NaCl) •2 ½ tsp baking soda Prevention of diarrhea is best with good management, but calves with diarrhea are just a part of life on a cattle ranch. Catch them early and treat them with electrolytes and you can often save them. Please call or email me if you have an questions or need clarifications. Also feel free to ask me about specific electrolyte replacement products. Sarah P Hummel DVM LLC 775-530-4137 sarahhummeldvm@yahoo.com

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Agency that oversees packers and stockyards eliminated By Michelle Cook Almost a century ago, in 1921, Congress passed the Packers & Stockyards Act to protect America’s farmers and ranchers from meat packing monopolies. Last November the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) quietly eliminated the independent office tasked with enforcing that law, the Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA). The change was the single biggest in agricultural antitrust regulation since Congress passed the original Act. The rules, often called the Farmer Fair Practices Rules, were intended to enhance the power of livestock growers in relationships with buyers and processors. While the GIPSA rules on Unfair Practices and Undue Preferences in Violation of the Packers and Stockyards Act won’t be finalized, GIPSA’s proposed rule on Poultry Grower Ranking Systems is still under consideration.

Stockyards Act, other than that the program will be “included in the Fair Trade Practices program area” of AMS. The USDA also withdrew the Farmer Fair Practices Interim Final Rules in October 2017. These reforms were the end result of a review process that started with a mandate from the 2008 Farm Bill to better define aspects of the Packers and Stockyards Act. Though watered down from an original slate of reforms, the 2016 Farmer Fair Practices Rules gave farmers greater grounds and protections to fight unfair, retaliatory, and abusive practices. “We call this a double whammy,” says Joe Maxwell, Executive Director of the Organization for Competitive Markets, and an independent farmer. USDA Secretary “Sonny Perdue in very quick order withdrew the rules that would clarify our rights and then did away with our agency.”

“This … is really going absolutely in the wrong direction,” says Roger Johnson, President of the National Farmers Union, an organization that helped pass the Packers & Stockyards Act in 1921.

Demoting GIPSA from an independent agency to a USDA program undermines both the autonomy and power of the office. As a part of AMS, GIPSA must seek approval from the AMS administrator for its funding, hiring, actions, and more.

USDA announced GIPSA’s demotion to a program within the Department’s Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) in September 2017. At the time, the Department said that GIPSA and AMS duties align because both agencies “carry out grading activities and work to ensure fair trade practices.” But the USDA gave little explanation of how AMS will enforce the Packers and

“When you transfer [GIPSA] into a marketing agency, you’re saying you don’t want GIPSA to do its job,” says J. Dudley Butler, who served as GIPSA administrator in the early years of the Obama administration. “It sure seems like there’s a lot of different layers that you have to get clearance from to go after somebody.” “AMS is set up to work with packers. GIPSA is set up to oversee packers and poultry companies,” Butler notes. “They’re headed in different directions.” Indeed, AMS has come under repeated criticism for its management of the federal checkoff tax programs, which has been accused of misdirecting funds meant to promote and research agricultural products without reference to a particular producer. Some checkoff programs refuse to reveal how they spend their funds. “The Agricultural Marketing Service, in my opinion, is the most corrupt and compromised agency in Washington,” says T. Fred Stokes, Mississippi rancher and co-founder of the Organization for Competitive Markets. “There’s a revolving door between the Agricultural Marketing Service and agencies that are tied to the meat packers.” In fact, in the past three years, at least two deputy AMS administrators have gone on to work for the National Pork Board and the North American Meat Institute, respectively. Both organizations are directly or indirectly tied to corporate meat packer lobbying. Maxwell says that American farmers cannot rely on personal relationships and social norms to limit the predatory actions of Big Ag. “Corporations have one purpose and that is to make money for their shareholders,” argues Maxwell. “If the government allows them to use predatory, retaliatory, or discriminatory practices in the market and that makes them money, you cannot fault them, for corporations do not act upon moral behavior, for they have no ass to kick or soul to save.” The United States Cattlemen’s Association (USCA) President Kenny Graner said his group was disappointed with the announcement. “The proposed and interim rules sought to maintain competition in the marketplace; withdrawing the rule is a win for multi-national packers and fails to put U.S. cattle producers first,” Graner said. “USCA has been committed to seeing through necessary clarifications to the Packers and Stockyards Act and a withdrawal of the rule does not solve the problems in today’s marketplace.

28 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

“Anti-competitive buying practices and the lack of true price discovery remain critical issues to our industry and ones that must be addressed. The issues remain the same, regardless of (the) announcement, and USCA will look to work with industry, Congress, and the administration on

addressing the loopholes still remaining by the result of withdrawing the rule.” Colin Woodall, the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association’s senior vice president for government affairs, said in a release, “This is a victory for America’s cattle and beef producers—and it’s a victory for America’s consumers. Agriculture Secretary Sonny Perdue deserves a great deal of thanks and credit for this smart decision.

●●●●

National Pork Producers Council President Ken Maschhoff, a pork producer from Carlyle, Illinois, said, “We’re very pleased that the secretary will withdraw these bad regulations, which would have had a devastating impact on America’s pork producers. The regulations would have restricted the buying and selling of livestock, led to consolidation of the livestock industry—putting farmers out of business—and increased consumer prices for meat.” National Farmers Union (NFU) President Roger Johnson responded to the announcement, saying, “It is deeply disappointing that USDA did not side with family farmers in the long-contested debate over rules for the Packers and Stockyards Act. The Farmer Fair Practices Rules offered a basic, yet important first step to addressing the unfair practice that family farmers and ranchers face in the extremely consolidated meatpacking industries. “The withdrawal of the competitive injury rule is unjustified,” Johnson said, “given the long-held, plain language interpretation by the Department that growers do not need to prove harm to the entire industry when seeking relief from poultry companies for unfair contract practices. It is particularly egregious given the abuses that poultry growers face in the vertically integrated marketplace. “With this decision,” Johnson said, “[the] USDA has given the green light to the few multinational meatpackers that dominate the market to discriminate against family farmers. As the administration has signaled its intent to side with the meat and poultry giants, NFU will pursue congressional action that addresses competition issues and protects family farmers and ranchers.”

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NRRC Accepting Proposals and Setting Priorities at Upcoming Meeting Rachel Buzzetti Nevada Rangeland Resources Commission Each year the Nevada Rangeland Resource Commission (NRRC) meets and sets their budget priorities for the upcoming year. This year the Commission will meet early in March in Winnemucca and listen to proposals relating to projects on marketing, advertising, and/ or communication of public land ranching. The application for funding includes a brief description, a proposed budget, timeline, and who the targeted audience will be. The applications for funding are available on the NRRC’s website and are due by February 20th.

Looking down from 30,000 feet on Nevada’s craggy, arid landscape doesn’t evoke an image of what most people think of as rangeland. But this vast and seemingly desolate place as viewed from five miles high actually supports a vital and healthy livestock industry. In an environment which receives an average 7.5 inches of precipitation a year, careful and constant management of these particular rangelands is crucial. More than 85 percent of Nevada is managed by the federal government under the supervision of the Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Forest Service, and the military. Because private land is very limited, ranchers need to use some of these public lands, as well as their own, for grazing herds of cattle and sheep. Ranchers are given an allotment and a predetermined number of livestock are allowed to graze at a per-head fee.

The NRRC is governed by a commission of nine voting members. These members are nominated through each of the grazing boards, Nevada Cattlemen’s Association, Nevada Woolgrowers and the Farm Bureau; then appointed by the Governor. The NRRC has one part-time staff person. Please if you would like to make a proposal, e-mail us for an application for funding at NRRC08@yahoo.com. or get it from our website at www.nevadarangelands.org.

This has been an agreeable partnership for close to a hundred years, with both parties active in managing the land to accommodate many uses such as wildlife habitat and recreation as well as grazing. The health of our rangeland is in everyone’s best interest. Land has always been the foundation of our nation’s wealth and the men and women who work that land are the traditional caretakers. Land management and conservation science have advanced greatly over the last decades and modern ranchers keep up, or are in the lead.

Carefully grazed rangeland has been shown to be healthier and more productive than ungrazed land separated by only a wire fence. Grazing animals control invasive species and organic matter that fuels destructive wildfires. Like most of the west, nevada has been impacted by urban growth, especially by the increased demands on a limited water supply. Natural resources are under pressure so it becomes increasingly critical to manage our rangelands to benefit not only our livestock industry, but the very place we call home.

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New pen may allow sale of feral horses for slaughter RENO (AP) — The U.S. Forest Service has built a new corral for wild horses in Northern California, which could allow it to bypass federal restrictions and sell the animals for slaughter. The agency acknowledged in court filings in a potentially precedent-setting legal battle that it built the pen for mustangs gathered in the fall on national forest land along the California-Nevada border because of restrictions on such sales at other federal holding facilities. The agency denies claims by horse advocates it has made up its mind to sell the more than 250 horses for slaughter. But it also says it may have no choice because of the high cost of housing the animals and continued ecological impacts it claims overpopulated herds are having on federal rangeland. ``While slaughtering wild horses does not present a pleasant picture, the reality of this dire situation is not pleasant,’’ Justice Department lawyers representing the agency wrote in its most recent filing last month. ``The Forest Service is taking a step to reduce what is universally recognized as a natural catastrophe.’’ Horse advocates have been suing the government for two decades over mustang roundups that private ranchers say are necessary to curb growing herds that reduce the forage on federal lands they lease for cattle and sheep grazing across the U.S. West. The region holds roughly 90,000 wild horses. A sharp reduction in demand in recent years for a federal program that offers the horses for adoption to the public has left little room in existing corrals. Horse advocates argue the mustangs are federally protected and that taxpayers subsi-

dize the livestock grazing on U.S. land. A hearing is scheduled Jan. 31 in federal court in San Francisco on a motion filed by the Animal Legal Defense Fund and American Wild Horse Campaign seeking an injunction to block the sale of the horses captured in the Modoc National Forest in October and November for possible slaughter. The new pen is in the forest, about 170 miles (273 kilometers) northwest of Reno. Forest Service Chief Vicki Christiansen announced late last year she would postpone any sales for slaughter until at least Feb. 18. The protection groups say it would be the first time in nearly a half-century the government has sold mustangs ``without limitation,’’ or for any purpose, including slaughter. Horse slaughterhouses are prohibited in the U.S. but legal in many other countries, including Canada, Mexico and parts of Europe where horse meat is considered a delicacy. The Wild Free Roaming Horse and Burros Act that President Nixon signed into law in 1971 prohibits the inhumane destruction of wild horses. Congress approved an appropriations amendment in 2004 that allows the Forest Service, under its parent Agriculture Department, to sell horses without limitations if they’re over age 10 and have been offered for adoption three times unsuccessfully. But in most years since then, Congress has specifically prohibited the Bureau of Land Management, under the Interior Department, from using any appropriations for such purposes. President Donald Trump proposed allowing such sales in his 2017 budget, but Congress refused to go along. The Forest Service normally holds the horses it gathers at pens belonging to the BLM, which manages 385,000 square miles (997,000 square kilometers) of public lands in

the West. With few exceptions, lawsuits have targeted the bureau because it captures the vast majority of the horses. BLM lands hold an estimated 83,000 wild horses, while national forests managed by the Forest Service hold about 8,000. The Forest Service gathered 932 horses in the Modoc National Forest late last year and shipped about 260 to the new corral, while placing about 650 at a BLM facility in nearby Susanville, California. Justice Department lawyers acknowledged in the December filings ``BLM is not permitted to humanely destroy healthy, unadopted horses or conduct any sale that could ultimately result in their destruction, which includes any Forest Service horse in BLM custody.’’ ``What has changed is that the Modoc now has its own short-term holding facility ... which is not subject to congressional restrictions,’’ they wrote about the corral, which currently can hold up to 300 horses but has room for expansion to accommodate as many as 1,500. They said local ranchers ``generally support these sales’’ because of the horses’ economic impact on leased grazing land. The attorneys also said the opponents’ assertion the horses will be slaughtered `ìs only speculative, not concrete and imminent.’’ Horse advocates say the government can’t have it both ways. `Ìt cannot both argue it is harmed by plaintiffs’ delay in bringing this action because of all the time and resources it has expended to allow the sale of horses without limitation, yet also insist to the court that it has not yet made any such decision,’’ their lawyers wrote Jan. 8. `Ìn short, the record and defendants’ own statements make clear that the decision to sell horses without limitation is final and judicially reviewable.’’

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 31

New Years Eve Outlaw Broncs Bash By Jennifer Whiteley

Nevada Rancher Magazine

Winnemucca, Nev.—Rodeo goers and New Year’s revelers came to the Winnemucca Event’s Complex to watch some great rodeo action. Earlier in the day they ran 40 ranch bronc contestants in the slack, bringing back the top 10 for the short go. They also bucked out 16 mini bulls for the younger contestants. They had 5 qualified rides and many spectators commented on what great rides those were! After Old Glory left the arena, the rodeo action commenced. 15 cowboys tested their skill against some of the wickedest bucking bulls they had seen in a while, with only 3 qualifying rides. 19 cowgirls ran the cloverleaf barrel pattern. There were 17 saddle bronc riders, with the top 5 riders coming back for the short go. In addition to cash payouts in every event totaling $22,131, winners also received a custom embroidered jacket, and a custom .22 lever action rifle. Ranch bronc rider Mike McBeth was awarded the Rank Ride award for his 71-point ride on the Outlaw Bronc’s horse “My Little Pony.” A tribute in memory of Cole Hatcher with a CSI Rodeo scholarship was also celebrated. Fun was had by all as they rang in the new year with Outlaw Broncs!

Photo Courtesy of Victoria Jackson:

Clayton Souza took top honors in the ranch bronc riding with his 88-point ride on “Spanish Wagon” owned by Outlaw Broncs. He received $1,350 in prize monies, a custom embroidered jacket, and a custom .22 lever action rifle.

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At Left: Colton Humphries won $1,400 in prize money, a custom embroidered jacket, and a custom .22 lever action rifle for his 78-point high scoring ride on the Stace Drayton bull “Knot Head.”

Photo Courtesy of Victoria Jackson:

Young cowboy Riley Davis scored a 76-point ride on “Oreo” to win the mini bull riding. Davis received a $500 payout, a custom embroidered jacket, and a custom .22 lever action rifle.

Photo Courtesy of Victoria Jackson: Photo Courtesy of Victoria Jackson:

Chanda Sollinger took home $800 in prize money, a custom embroidered jacket, and a custom .22 lever action rifle for her 17.137 fastest time in the barrel racing.

Jace Angus received a payout of $1,300 for his 3rd place long go ride with 76-points, to move on to the short go. He scored 84-points on “Vegas Moon” owned by King Rodeo co. to win a .22 lever action rifle.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 33

The Top-10 New Products Competition, sponsored by Bank of America, is back with products offering improved technology for the field and increased efficiencies. From a one-of-a-kind heavy-duty electric fork lift, to an affordable dairy genomic test, to a wireless irrigation valve control system, the Top-10 New Products has something to offer every type of farming operation. “World Ag Expo® continues to provide the best platform for buyers and sellers to meet, greet, and grow the Ag industry,” says Jerry Sinift, International Agri-Center®’s CEO. “Our theme this year is ‘Harvesting Technology,’ and there is plenty of time, money and resource saving technology to find at this show. We’re impressed every year with the new innovations our exhibitors bring to World Ag Expo®.” TULARE, CA • JANUARY 10, 2019 - The International Agri-Center® is set to hold the 52nd World Ag Expo® February 12-14, 2019. The largest annual agricultural exposition of its kind, World Ag Expo® boasts more than 1,450 exhibitors displaying cutting-edge agricultural technology and equipment on 2.6 million square feet of exhibit space. In 2018, 106,700 people came from 49 states and 63 countries to attend the 51st World Ag Expo®. On Tuesday morning, Opening Ceremonies will kick off the show with special guest speaker, American Farm Bureau President Zippy Duvall. A variety of seminars will be offered, including dairy, water, international trade, government regulation and women in agriculture. These seminars are presented by professionals in the industry and provide attendees with valuable information to improve their operations. New this year will be a free, one-day conference aimed at young women interested in a career in agriculture. Grow by FarmHer, is being held on the West Coast for the first time and requires pre-registration at http://bit.ly/GrowAtWAE19. Other special events include the Capitol Ministries dinner on Tuesday night, the Wednesday morning Prayer Breakfast and the California Ag Leadership breakfast on Thursday morning.

Attendees can look forward to new features this year, including daily livestock dog demonstrations in the new Demonstration Pavilion, Ride & Drive areas on the East and West ends of the grounds, and a wide variety of new seminars that cover everything from Cannabis to automation in the ag industry. Attendees will also be able to enjoy an additional 20 acres of parking to the East of the International Agri-Center® grounds. With the move of on-site RV camping to the South parking lot, space to the East of the grounds has been converted to day parking. Starting February 1, World Ag Expo® attendees can get the latest news, information and updates about the show by downloading the new 2019 mobile app. The free app provides mobile access to the schedule of events, an exhibitor directory, map of the show grounds and other visitor resources. The app is available for download from the iOS and Android app stores by searching “World Ag Expo® 2019.” For a full schedule of events, visit http://bit.ly/WAE19Schedule. For more information about the show or to purchase tickets for 2019 World Ag Expo® visit www.WorldAgExpo.org. World Ag Expo® - bringing you the best in Ag since 1968.

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The Nevada Farms Conference Helps Farmers Keep Growing with First-Ever Pre-Conference Tours in Fallon and Reno Reno, Nev.—With pre-conference tours in Fallon and Reno being offered for the first time, beginners and advanced farmers alike can keep growing in their field, with the Nevada Farms Conference at the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa in Reno on Reno, Nev.—With pre-conference tours in Fallon and Reno being offered for the first time, beginners and advanced farmers alike can keep growing in their field, with the Nevada Farms Conference at the Atlantis Casino Resort Spa in Reno on Feb. 14-16, 2019. Feb. 14-16, 2019. In addition to the pre-conference tours, the popular conference offers three intensive workshops and 15 sessions for attendees to choose from, as well as a Friday night social mixer. Attendees can learn about an array of session and workshop topics, including growing hemp in Nevada, medicinal and culinary herbs, starting a flower farm, growing organic, improving Instagram marketing, benefits of cover crops and much more. Early bird registration is $95, or $125 with the tours, until Jan. 14 and regular registration is $105 after Jan. 14 ($135 registration with tours). Fallon Tour Explore the “breadbasket” of west central Nevada with tour stops including: Desert Oasis Teff & Grain, where farmers John and Dave have diversified their field crops by branching into heritage, gluten-free grains including teff, sorghum, and buckwheat; the Sanford family who manage a beef cattle operation that is unique in the region thanks to an innovative partnership with Revision Brewing Company in Sparks; and the Perazzo Brothers Dairy. Established in 1941, the dairy includes 1100 head of dairy cows, a fourth

generation of dairy farmers, and a museum focused on educating visitors about the ins and outs of dairy farming. Reno Tour Small farming, where space is maximized and specialized markets are established, is of growing interest in Nevada. The Reno tour three small farms, where the experts will share their knowledge in creating a successful small farm business, includes: City Green Gardens, a diverse organic urban farm located in Reno, in addition to Prema Farm and Loping Coyote Farms (aka Mountain Mushrooms) located just outside Reno. Details for all conference workshops and sessions can be found at: www.nevadafarmconference.com. For sponsorship, exhibitor information, conference details and registration information, visit the conference website, www.nevadafarmconference.com, or contact Ashley Jeppson, Nevada Department of Agriculture, at: 775-353-3675, or ajeppson@agri.nv.gov. About the Nevada Farms Conference: The mission of the Nevada Farms Conference is to educate producers and the community about regional, commercial agriculture and to build economic, social and environmental sustainability through an annual conference in Nevada. The conference was founded in 2003 in Sparks, Nevada by a group of local farmers and interested parties. Formerly under the leadership of the Western Nevada College Specialty Crop Institute from 2010-2018, in 2018 the conference became a 501 (c) (3) non-profit and incorporated as such, striving to continue to serve the farmers who attend.

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Meet Thaysha Groves

A CattleWomen Series Produced Ruby Uhart- www.rubyuhart.com I was born and raised in Colorado. I moved to Nevada with my husband Grant, who was born and raised in Northern Nevada. We have 3 boys ages 9, 7 and 3 and we live and work on Schaad Ranches in Deeth, Nevada. It’s a cow/ calf operation that operates on private and public lands. A typical day for me can easily vary depending on the time of year. My day starts around 5-5:30 every morning. Once the kids catch the bus to school, I am usually home helping my husband on the ranch where needed. Some days this means feeding, doctoring cows and calves or helping with major cow work events and moving cows. There are always daily chores and tasks to be done and there is always something I can help Grant do. The list goes on! Two days a week I drive to Elko, which is about 40 miles from the ranch to run my boutique. My boutique is based off of our ranching lifestyle and I gear the items I carry toward ranch women. I share a lot of my ranch life through the boutique too! I honestly love that there’s never a dull moment in the ranch world. Day to day activities are based off of weather and animals, which we all know are unpredictable; throw in a few kids and we all know how crazy life can get! It has made me so much Below: Thaysha and her family. more easy-going. I would say weather is the craziest, especially during calving season. Weather can change your plans in a moment. I have learned to dress for all forms of weather in one day, from freezing cold mornings that turn into t-shirt weather to sunny days that suddenly produce a snow storm. I did not grow up on a cow/calf operation. I grew up about 15 miles from town where I was encour-

aged to participate in 4-H which I did for about 11 years. I primarily showed sheep, but also competed with horses, vet science and fashion revue! My parents owned a year round guest ranch where I helped my Dad with the horses, cows and guests. I have always had a passion for animals and have learned so much about day to day ranching from my husband and father in law, Doug. I can’t describe how much I love the ranch life. I think the thing I love the most about ranching is that I can work with my husband. We both have a passion for the animals and the ranch that we share. The hardest thing for me was learning to adjust to such an unpredictable life. It wasn’t super easy for me at first, because I did not grow up on an actual ranch, but now that I have been living the life for several years, I honestly have grown to like the craziness! It has helped me become easier going in the rest of our life too. I honestly feel like I can “go with the flow” more these days. Because things on the ranch can literally change in a matter of minutes, I have learned to be prepared for anything! It’s always fun to share Below: Thaysha and her husband Grant with other ranch couples different stories about us working together! I am still learning this but when things get tense, if I’m thinking clearly and not allowing the moment to create a little craziness, I really try to remain calm, chew my gum and hum a little song. If those don’t seem to keep my nerves calm...all I can say is you have to laugh about those moments after you exit the corral or

Special Feeder Sales: Second Tuesday of Each Month Tuesday February 12 Tuesday March 12 Saturday Feb. 16 NCA All Breeds Bull Sale at 11 am 36 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

after you get off your horse. Personally, I think the ranch life style is not near as stressful as the fast paced urban life. Trust me, we have our moments of stress, but we aren’t rushing to be somewhere at a certain time or dealing with the hustle and bustle of town. My favorite season is calving. It is by far the most exhausting, but I love working side by side with my husband. This might sound small to most but I have learned so much about calving and this has become my most proud learning experience. I went from knowing very little about the process to now pulling calves, night watch (which I do love, crazy to most, but it’s quiet and peaceful. Yes I’m a mom of three! I feel desperate for quiet moments, you could say.) My most memorable moment to date is pulling my first calf. I was completely scared that I wouldn’t remember all the right things but realized it’s something I really enjoy. To do something like that; bring a new life into the world, then months later see that calf growing and running around healthy is very rewarding. I feel like it is very important for ranchers to share their stories. Ranchers and their families are very compassionate for the livestock they tend to daily. I personally love sharing our daily activities and adventures. I honesty have learned so much from the ranch women in my life; The cooking, the stories and just realizing that all ranch women go through the same thing. I have learned how to work all day either on the ranch or at the boutique and then be ready to feed a crew. The more I thought about sharing my story, the more I thought I wasn’t really qualified enough for this piece. I haven’t been working with beef as long as many other women, but I do love beef and I am very proud to be part of the industry. So in a small way, I guess I fit the mould of the ranch wife. I think of all the things I have made with beef, I love cooking a prime rib! I love the process and the final product.

Below: Thaysha and Grant’s 3 sons.

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Good Selection of Bulls for Sale at the Ranch THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 37

In these monthly updates, we at the Nevada Beef Council strive to share pertinent information about what’s happening thanks to your checkoff investment, both on a state and national level. After all, 50 cents of every dollar collected here in Nevada goes to the Cattlemen’s Beef Board for investment in important national promotion and research efforts, so we want to make sure Nevada producers are aware of the checkoff’s impact both at home and throughout the country. This month, we’re taking a look at two topics that may be of interest to you (or that you hear a lot about): beef demand and beef sustainability. An important note: the following information is courtesy of BeefItsWhatsForDinner.com. Be sure to visit that site for more helpful information like this. Consumer Demand for High-Quality Beef is Strong and Growing Beef. It’s What’s For Dinner. rang true in 2018 as beef prices remained strong and consumers regularly visited the meat case. According to the latest retail sales data from IRI/Freshlook, beef demand is up 15 percent since 2012. Strong consumer beef demand is expected to continue into 2019, with the USDA predicting consumers in the United States will eat 8.9 percent more beef this year than in 2015. Much of beef’s demand is driven by ground beef and loin cuts, which are particularly popular with consumers at the grocery store. Not only are consumers eating more beef, they are also enjoying more high-quality beef. This is due to more cattle in the U.S. herd grading higher than ever before. “Cattle farmers and ranchers, and the entire beef industry, have worked particularly hard during the past 10 years to produce higher-quality beef, and that work is clearly paying off with increased consumer demand,” said Bridget Wasser, Executive Director of Meat Science & Supply Chain Outreach for the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff. “We’re seeing demand for USDA Choice and Prime beef grow, signaling consumer desire for a higher-quality product. An increase in the size of the U.S. cattle herd paired with a higher-quality beef supply shows the industry is responding.” Beef demand isn’t only strong at retail. Ninety-seven percent of foodservice establishments report having beef on the menu4, which has been shown to increase restaurant traffic by 45 percent. From restaurants to retail, consumers clearly want beef on their plates. With beef supply on the upswing and consumer demand increasing, the beef industry is gaining momentum, and this trend looks to show no signs of slowing down in 2019. Beef in a Healthy and Sustainable Diet When it comes to what is considered a healthy diet, there is a lot of conflicting information out there. And in recent years, the conversation has expanded beyond nutrition to consider whether the foods we eat are not only healthy but also sustainable – often leaving people confused about what is “good” and “bad” to eat. To help cut through the confusion about what contributes to a healthy and sustainable diet, beef farmers and ranchers have worked using science and research to build a solid foundation. Using this research as a guide, we can state without hesitation that beef promotes health and helps prevent nutrient deficiencies, and that cattle play a unique role in our food system by upcycling inedible plants to high-quality protein. The bottom line is that beef is nourishing and sustainable, and most people are already eating beef within global dietary guidelines. So, what can we all do to help make our diets heathier and more sustainable? There are three big opportunities that can make the biggest difference: waste less food, eat a balanced diet and improve the productivity of agriculture globally. On average, 40% of all the food brought home in America goes uneaten, enough to fill a 90,000 seat Rose Bowl stadium every day, and that means food waste costs the average American family $2,500 annually.1,2 If we wasted less beef, and less food in general, we would improve the environmental impact of our diets because that waste wouldn’t be emitting methane in a landfill. One great way to avoid food waste is using ingredients you already have to make a new meal or eating “plannedovers” to re-create leftovers. We can also eat a balanced diet to contribute a healthy and sustainable food supply.

We know that on average, 3 ounces of cooked beef provides 10 essential nutrients in about 170 calories including 25 grams of high quality protein, zinc, iron, and B vitamins. Beef packs a nutrient punch that can’t afford to be lost. By eating a variety of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins – and not wasting it – we can create a sustainable food system that will support a growing global population, so all people can thrive. When it comes to productivity, in the U.S., we produce the same amount of beef today with 33% fewer cattle compared to 19773, and 18% of the world’s beef with only 8% of the world’s cattle.4 This is a result of better animal health and welfare, better animal nutrition and better animal genetics, all of which are supported by the Beef Quality Assurance Program. Beef farmers and ranchers also rely on experts like nutritionists and veterinarians focused to support herd health and production. As we work together to build a healthier, more sustainable food supply for ourselves and future generations, our focus should be on changes that are science-based, practical and highly impactful, like reducing food waste, consuming balanced meals and improving global agricultural productivity. Sustainability_FactSheet_Ver3.pdf

4/27/18

10:33 AM

BEEF SUSTAINABILITY FACTS

WHAT’S SUSTAINABILITY? Producing safe, nutritious beef while balancing environmental stewardship, social responsibility and economic viability.

% of Beef Farms and Ranches are Family Owned of U.S. Farms and Ranches Own Beef Cattle

OTHER

Typical U.S. Cattle Lifecycle Cow-calf DIET

Stocker/backgrounder

Grass Other Humaninedible Plants

DURATION

DIET

6 - 10 Months

Finishing

Mostly Grass Other Humaninedible Plants

DURATION

DIET

2 - 6 Months

Grain Other Humaninedible Plants

DURATION

4 - 6 Mos. Grain - Or -

6 - 10 Mos. Grass

CMY

Same Beef, Fewer Cattle Compared to 1977, today’s beef farmers and ranchers produce the same amount of beef with 33% fewer cattle.

How’d they do it? Better Animal Health & Welfare

1977

Better Animal Nutrition

33%

NOW

Fewer Cattle

Improved efficiency and animal well-being mean a 16% lower carbon footprint and fewer natural resources used for every pound of beef produced.

Better Animal Genetics

18% More with Less U.S. farmers and ranchers produce 18% of the world’s beef with only 8% of the world’s cattle.

Fewer Cattle, Less Emissions U.S. beef has one of the lowest carbon footprints in the world, 10 to 50 times lower than some nations. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from cattle 2.2% 2.0% only account for 2% of U.S. GHG emissions. BEEF

LANDFILL

40.9% 25.3%

29.7%

TRANSPORTATION

ELECTRICITY

OTHER SOURCES

Let’s eat!

By Jennifer Whiteley

Lamoille, Nev.—If you are like us, Valentines day just comes at the wrong time of year to really celebrate. If the closest town to you is Elko, you may have realized it is next to impossible to go out to eat on Valentines day. Unless you plan on going to McDonalds. You can probably get into McDonalds pretty easily! Everyone goes out to dinner on Valentines day. Except for us. We tried to go out to a nice dinner, just the Cow Boss and I once. We got a babysitter. We cleaned up and put on nice clothes. We drove all over Elko for an hour trying to get in somewhere nice for dinner with no luck. We ended up eating at McDonalds. The babysitter cost more than our dinner! Now we stay home for Valentine’s day dinner!

This year I will be cooking us steak with a mushroom compound butter, because nothing says I love you like beef! Now I should confess, I don’t normally cook steak in the winter. I’m not fond of a steak fried on the stove top. I prefer it grilled, and we don’t do a lot of grilling at our house in the winter! I really like this pan searing method I found on Pinterest, I’m sure many people are familiar with it, but it is new to me. Cooking the steak in a cast iron skillet is a must (are there any skillets other than cast iron out there?!!) because it easily transfers from stove top to oven. You can add herbs or blue cheese to the butter instead of mushrooms, but mushrooms and steak are just so much better! Add a salad and a vegetable and you are set! Happy Valentine’s day!

Mushroom Compound Butter

Ingredients 1/2-ounce dried porcini mushrooms (or whatever is convenient), divided 1/2 cup 1 stick salted butter, at room temperature 1 teaspoon kosher salt Instructions Place about 10 whole porcini mushrooms in small bowl. Cover with enough boiling water just to top mushrooms. Cover and set aside 5-10 minutes or until mushrooms have reconstituted and are soft. Drain mushrooms (save mushroom water for soups or gravy), squeeze out excess water. Thinly slice mushrooms and set aside. Place remaining porcini mushrooms in clean coffee grinder and grind to fine powder to make 2 tablespoons. Place butter in food processor fitted with metal blade. Add 2 tablespoons porcini powder, half of sliced porcini mushrooms, and salt to butter. Blend until well mixed and butter is smooth. Using rubber spatula, scrape butter onto sheet of plastic wrap. Roll into log shape. Place reserved porcini slices on top of butter and wrap tightly. Twist ends of plastic closed. Refrigerate 30 minutes or until just firm enough to slice. For The Steak Preheat the oven to 415° F. Remove steak from the fridge 30 minutes before cooking, this is to bring the steak to room temperature and ensure your cooking times are more accurate. Season both sides liberally with salt and pepper. Add the olive oil and plain butter to an oven safe cast iron skillet and turn up high, allow the skillet to become hot first. Place the ribeye face down and sear undisturbed for 2 minutes. Flip the ribeye and sear for an additional 2 minutes. This will give your steak a nice seared edge. For rare, bake for 4-5 minutes. Medium rare, 5-6 minutes. Medium, 6-7 minutes. Remember, depending on the size of the steak, the more or less time it will take. This recipe is ideal for a 20-24-ounce bone-in ribeye. Drizzle ribeye with melted butter from the skillet. This is to add flavor to the steak. Transfer ribeye from the skillet and set on a plate, top with a slice of Porcini Compound butter and let sit for 5 minutes before serving. This is important to bring your steak to its final serving temperature.

Photo By: Jennifer Whiteley

Steak with a Mushroom Compound Butter is a flavorful and easy main dish. The compound butter can be prepared a day or two ahead of time, and gives a great flavor to your favorite steak.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 39

Excerpts

from:

PHASING OUT SELECT GRADE BEEF

Anipro/Xtraformance Feeds, Top Dollar Angus and the Red Angus Association of America have collaborated to prepare a highly valuable white paper titled “Phasing Out Select Grade Beef.” The white paper, available exclusively from the RAAA, examines the pattern of Select grade beef production and consumption over the past several years and offers insight into this pattern. Additionally, the paper hypothesizes the future of Select grade beef and its value, or lack thereof, to the beef industry. Introduction: Select grade beef is on its way out. By 2025, Select beef will likely be a small niche product playing a minor role in the weekly beef trade, and representing just a shadow of its past position in the industry. As one Colorado baseball commentator often says when the batter hits a long ball headed out of the park, “Take a good look, you won’t see it for long.” Once a major portion of U.S. beef production (40% of all graded product as recently as 2006-2007), Select grade beef is being intentionally phased out for the right reasons: (1) It is consistently worth less than Choice beef, (2) consumers find it less appealing and less satisfying and (3) Select beef costs essentially the same to produce as Choice. Cow-calf producers and feeders well understand the situation with Select beef and are actively working to eliminate it. They have raised their sights to more valuable levels of marbling and are not looking back. How is Select beef being phased out? First, cattle breeders are actively selecting for genetics that grade better. Marbling EPDs have proven a useful tool and

Trya new brand in

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all major breeds have experienced a positive genetic trend for this trait throughout the past 20 years. Second, feedlots are target-managing cattle to produce more Choice and Prime grade carcasses. Approximately 70% to 75% of all finished cattle sell today on carcass-merit grids and formula pricing systems, resulting in a direct financial incentive to capture the price premiums associated with higher quality grades. There are several other important factors in play as well, all pushing against the production of Select beef. Taken together, these actions are working as intended. Select grade beef as a percentage of total graded beef production is trending lower. This is big news because the U.S. beef industry is large and diverse, making any change of this magnitude difficult at best. Coordination and cooperation between the cattle producing segments is less than ideal. This is true both in satisfying consumer demand and for increasing profitability in the cow-calf, stocker and feeyard sectors. An encouraging fact about the elimination of Select beef is that it is simultaneously good for consumers and producers. The industry is demonstrating a topto-bottom team effort to make it happen. Worth noting is that there have been no major industry meetings identifying the need to phase out Select grade beef. No business plan was writ-ten toward this purpose, though the necessity of improving beef quality and consistency has long been examined via industry research and actively discussed in livestock media. Yet producers and feeders, responding to increasingly clear economic signals, have united around this cause. Their efforts are bearing fruit. Select beef production is on the wane and will be almost entirely phased out in the coming decade.

Review of Beef Quality Grades Beef quality, as defined by the USDA quality grades of Prime, Choice, Select and Standard for fed beef carcasses, is determined by intramuscular fat (marbling) within the ribeye muscle as well as carcass maturity. The higher the marbling score, the higher the quality grade. Within each quality grade, there are subdivisions. For instance, within the Prime grade, there are actually three designations. Prime breaks down into High Prime, Average Prime and Low Prime, each with their corresponding marbling score subgroups: Abundant, Moderately Abundant and Slightly Abundant, from the highest marbling score to lowest, respectively. Within each of these subdivisions, a marbling score of 0 to 99 may be assigned. However, any carcass with Slightly Abundant 0 or higher marbling is marked “Prime,” with no further categorical designation made within that grade. Similarly, the Choice grade breaks down into High Choice, Average Choice and Low Choice. Corresponding marbling scores for those three divisions are Moderate, Modest and Small, in declining order. Of significance here is that upper 2/3 Choice carcasses are often cooler sorted into various branded beef programs, such

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as Certified Angus Beef, Sterling Silver (a Cargill brand) or Tyson’s Chairman’s Reserve. In the Select grade, there are only two delineations: High Select and Low Select. Associated marbling score monikers are Slight 50 to 100 and Slight 0 to 49. Much like Prime, the Select grade is almost always designated “Select” with no further division to denote quality differences.

Our readers are your customers

Why is Select Beef Being Phased Out? Higher marbling scores translate to higher values mainly due to eating quality. Thus, quality grade has been and remains very important when pricing beef in the wholesale and retail market. Premiums for higher quality beef are passed back through the sup-ply chain, rewarding cattle with superior marbling potential. This economic reality has incentivized roducers to increase the production of Prime- and Choice-grading carcasses at the expense of Select. Prime beef commands the highest prices in the marketplace, followed by Choice and then Select. The few Standard grade carcasses the industry produces are severely discounted. Choice beef has been the industry’s bellwether product for many years and remains so today. Due to market signals, and hard work by cattle producers and feeders, the percentage of U.S. beef grading Select has been more than cut in half in the past 10 years, from about 40% to near 18%. The discounted value of Select, when compared with Choice beef and also upper 2/3 Choice, has been a key pricing differential impacting fed cattle sold on carcass-merit grids. The feedlot and packing industry pay a great deal of attention to the Choice-Select spread, because it directly affects their bottom line via grid pricing results. “Historically, one would expect that when the industry produces a greater volume of Choice, the price differential between Choice and Select would decrease, and we did see narrower spreads from 2008 through 2011, during the recession which was an influencing factor at that time,” said one major U.S. packer that declined to be named. “But more recently, that has not been the case. The percentage of Select has now decreased so significantly that some of the largest retailers, who buy big volumes of beef each week, now find a limited supply of Select available. This has forced buyers to move up to purchasing Choice beef instead of Select.” In an environment where Select beef production is dropping significantly (and Choice beef tonnage is increasing), it is informative to note that the Choice-Select price spread has been slowly rising. Choice beef continues to carry a sizable premium versus Select, which can be explained by the fact that Choice beef demand is growing while Select beef demand is shrinking. If demand for both beef grades were stable, and Select beef supplies had declined as observed, the Choice-to-Select price differential would have narrowed as the market reacted to a rel-ative shortage of Select beef. Absence might indeed make the heart grow fonder in some situations, but not here. With the spread trending modestly up-ward (as shown in the chart below), the obvious and only explanation is a sizable consumer demand shift toward Choice and away from Select.

How is Select Beef Being Phased Out? Improved Marbling Genetics Consistent selection for higher marbling genetics is one major factor that has positively affected beef quality grades. The market pays more for Choice and Prime. Hence, seedstock producers have increasingly selected herd sires and replacement females with an eye toward Marbling EPDs. Whether achieved through artificial insemination or by purchasing herd bulls, higher-marbling EPDs have been emphasized over the past two decades, blanketing more high marbling bulls across the industry. Commercial producers, for their part, did what the market was telling them to do and bid aggressively on the higher-marbling bulls seedstock sup-pliers offered. Observable marbling premiums in the wholesale beef market translated back down the supply chain, resulting in both greater demand for – and a larger supply of – high-marbling genetics. All major breeds participated in this trend, driving the entire U.S. cattle population to higher levels of marbling potential.

To read more from the white paper visit https://redangus.org/ communications/educational-resources/phasing-out-select-gradebeef/.

Read a digital copy online at www.issuu.com/winnemuccapublishing7

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Part of the Winnemucca Publishing Family 1022 S. Grass Valley Rd., Winnemucca, NV 89445 | Call us toll free: (866) 644-5011 Email: editorial@nevadarancher.com | Find us on Facebook & Instagram: NV Rancher Magazine

Bulls Consigned to: 67th Annual Gem State Classic Sale Feb. 9th, 2019 Twin Falls, ID

Nevada Cattlemen’s All Breeds Sale Feb. 16th, 2019 Fallon, NV

Bulls Sired By /S Thor 44360

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 41

Government’s Shutdown Affects Agriculture By: Steve Foster Pershing County Extension Educator

When the House of Representatives and Senate failed to reach an agreement on the eve of Sept. 31 on the continuing resolution to fund the federal government for the next fiscal year, federal agencies were shut down until appropriations are restored, with the exception of “essential” functions of government, most federal employees have been furloughed. A government shutdown is a complex thing, with certain programs losing funding, others able to spend out for a certain amount of time before their money runs out, and others declared essential and continuing as before. The USDA issued a press release on December 28 laying out some of the effects of a continuing shutdown. However, despite the shutdown, certain USDA activities will remain active because they are related to law enforcement, the protection of life and property, or are financed through available funding (such as through mandatory appropriations, multiyear discretionary funding, or user fees).

Here are a few examples of services still available through the USDA: • Meat, poultry, and processed egg inspection services. • Grain and other commodity inspection, weighing, grading, and IT support services funded by user fees. • Forest Service law enforcement, emergency and natural disaster response, and national defense preparedness efforts. • Care for animals, plants, and associated infrastructure to preserve agricultural research and to comply with the Wild Horses and Burros statute. Eligible households will still receive monthly Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits for January. • Most other domestic nutrition assistance programs, such as the Commodity Supplemental Food Program, WIC, and the Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations, can continue to operate at the state and local level with any funding and commodity resources that remain available. Additional federal funds will not be provided during the period of the lapse, however, deliveries of already-purchased commodities will continue. • The Child Nutrition (CN) Programs, including School Lunch, School Breakfast, Child and Adult Care Feeding, Summer Food Service and Special Milk will continue operations into February. • Natural Resources Conservation Service offices will remain open to support conservation technical and financial assistance (such as Environmental Quality Incentives Program and easement programs). Probably, the biggest impact is the interruptions or gaps in reporting key agricultural pricing information from the Agricultural Marketing Service. The CME (Chicago Mercantile Exchange) Group sent a letter to all of their customers warning that a prolonged shutdown and furlough of USDA staff could result in interruptions or gaps in reporting key agricultural pricing information from the Agricultural Marketing Service. Initially, the letter cited that both dairy and livestock reports could be impacted. Traders were advised that the Feeder Cattle Indexes have been temporarily suspended due to the unavailability of relevant data reported by the USDA. However, the cattle market is fortunate in that it has Old-time Nevada/Oregon desert ranch that lies next groups, such as CattleFax, which is an information and to Denio, NV. Deeded land and BLM permit in both analysis service designed to meet the unique needs of the states. Great irrigation water, turnout for 450+ cows. A productive cattle ranch at an attractive per unit beef and agricultural industries that provide some price price. A true desert ranch in big country. information to its members. Because many federal workers are prohibited by law from working during a shutdown, there is concerned about potential delays to the important work of implementing key Farm Bill programs – especially improvements KEN BENTZ to the dairy safety net and the brand-new hemp industry. Principal Broker It is a bit early for prospective hemp farmers to start Licensed in Oregon & Nevada planting, but the new crop requires background checks 541.647.0657 kbentz@FayRanches.com and other legislative hoops to jump through—and there www.FayRanches.com is nobody working at the offices to help farmers through them. The potential impacts of a shutdown on Farm Bill implementation will depend on how quickly government is reopened. LAND 2011 - 2018

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Sources: Impacts of the Government Shutdown on Agriculture, Feedlot Magazine How Does a Government Shutdown Affect the USDA? by USDA

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BULL AND FEMALE PRODUCTION SALE

Tuesday, February 26, 2019 Burley Livestock Auction, Burley, Idaho • 1:00  () Lot 12 - He Sells.

Lot 4 - He Sells.

FC654

SimAngus™ • TJ Main Event 503B son

Lot 105 - She Sells.

FC933

FA65

FA603

SimAngus™ • CCR Cowboy Cut 5048Z son

Lot 73 - He Sells.

SimAngus™ • JC Mr BSR Kahuna N163C daughter

Lot 13 - He Sells.

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Bull Selection for the Great Basin By: Angela Vesco Special to the Rancher

So, you are flipping through the AI catalog or at a bull sale catalog trying to sort bulls and how many of you ask yourself, ‘where should I start?’ There is so much information out there on these bulls when it comes to selecting the right one for your ranch, how do you navigate it? Well, I think you should start out by writing a list of the traits in your cowherd that are the most impactful to your operation. Probably the first thing on everyone’s list is a breed. That’s a good place to start. Then list out your genetic and phenotypic requirements. Now let me start off by saying that when it comes to evaluating bulls on their Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs) and phenotype, do not select them off of one trait. Single trait selection is not a good way to go because once you start selecting for one thing, the other economically important traits will be sacrificed, and you won’t be very happy with your poor performing cowherd in a few years.

So what traits are the most important for cows to have in the Great Basin region? I think first and foremost, structural correctness. If the bull can’t walk, he isn’t going to be breeding many cows. Common sense right? But I think you would be surprised how many people overlook this aspect. If you aren’t quite sure in your cattle evaluation skills, learn. There are plenty of resources out there. Next, you need to look at EPDs. Expected Progeny Differences were created to help guide our selection. They aren’t just some fad that will eventually go away. By using them as a selection tool, the quality of your cowherd will improve. Calving Ease Direct is probably on the list for every cow calf producer and rightfully so. If we are being honest, no one likes having to get up in the middle of the night to pull a calf. Then the next traits I think we need to look at for the high desert is growth, so your weaning weight (WW) and yearling weight (YW). We get paid by pounds

Angela Vesco

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775.421.9894 | angelav@origen-beef.com Call or email for more information on bulls, request a directory, or place a semen order

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44 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

so we want bulls that will produce calves that will put pounds on the truck but we also don’t want monstrous cows that are too big for the environment so we need to be cautious of the YW and don’t get that too high. Sure the Great Basin a great place run cows, but it isn’t North Carolina where they can stock one cow per acre. A maternal trait to pay attention to is Milk. How many of you have looked at Milk? Well the higher the Milk EPD means more calves weaned off. But the other thing it means, is that cow is going to require more nutrients to make that milk so if you buy bulls with above average Milk your cows input requirements are going to be really high. Match your cows to your environment. The other traits I think you can rank in order of importance to you. The carcass traits are always important because after all, we are feeding people and we want that eating experience to be good for them. And we don’t want to sacrifice the maternal traits because we want good momma cows to produce those calves. Find a genetic supplier that fits your program. There are many great seedstock producers in the Great Basin region to source bulls from. For those of you that Artificially Inseminate (AI) your heifers and/or cows follow that same logic. What AI sires meet the requirements for your ranch? Be sure to check out the March issue where I’m going to go through how to apply EPDs to your cowherd. Angela Vesco is the new Marketing and Sales Director for ORIgen. Vesco will be assisting customers in their genetic selection and will be focusing on expanding ORIgen’s service to the commercial beef sector. Vesco grew up on the family ranch near Winnemucca, NV where they raise commercial angus cows. Vesco attended Kansas State University for her animal science education and has worked for the American Gelbvieh Association as the Director of Breed Growth. She has a strong passion for the beef industry, more specifically the commercial sector. She enjoys working with commercial producers to help them find the right genetics that fit their herd and environment. Vesco began working at ORIgen on October 1, 2018. You can contact her at 775.421.9894 or email her at angelav@origen-beef.com ORIgen is a beef bull stud dedicated to serving the beef industry with its breeder to breeder concept of providing genetics. ORIgen is an industry leader for supplying genetics on some of the most prominent A.I. sires in the beef business. Visit www.origenbeef. org for your next AI sire.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 45

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THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 47

Cattalo or Beefalo – Crossing Buffalo with Cattle By: Heather Smith Thomas Nevada Rancher Magazine

Innovative breeders in the western U.S. and Canada have been experimenting with bison-cattle crosses for a long time. Vast herds of bison roamed the North American prairies until they were nearly eradicated during the 1800’s by “buffalo hunters” and only a few isolated herds remained. Efforts to preserve them began with a few ranchers maintaining their own herds, and eventual establishment of “bison preserves” like the National Bison Range in western Montana (created in 1908 on the Flathead Indian Reservation, at Moiese, near Missoula). Since then, bison populations have thrived and there are a large number of ranchers raising bison commercially for meat. Along with the early efforts to preserve these wild bovines, attempts were made to cross them with beef cattle. Some of the first crossbreeding experiments were conducted by early ranchers such as Charles Goodnight in Texas and Charles Jones in

Kansas, to try to develop a better beef animal. Their crossbreeding experiments were successful, but their attempts to develop upgraded beef animals were not as satisfying. Both men abandoned their crossbreeding projects after 1900. Since the number of bison surviving in the late 1800s was very low (just a few hundred animals), some bison with hybrid ancestries were added to remnant herds to establish bigger herds--to help ensure the future of this species. Based on modern-day genetic testing from more than 35,000 bison, we now know that some American bison herds today carry a very small amount of domestic cattle genetics. There are a few scattered reports of ranchers dabbling in crossbreeding during the early 1900’s. One of the early successes was reported when rancher Richard Savage created what he called a beefalo, on his ranch 10 miles southeast of Rawlins, Wyoming in the upper North Platte River Valley. He mated a domestic cow with a bison bull to produce the crossbred offspring. A few other ranchers had successful crosses, and during the 1920’s the Canadian government (Experimental Farm Service) began an extensive project to try to develop hybrid strains embodying the desirable characteristics of bison (hardiness, longevity, thriftiness, etc.) with the best features of domestic beef cattle. At first the experimental crossing was done at the Buffalo National Park at Wainwright, Alberta, until the “cattalo” herd was moved to Manyberries, Alberta in the late 1940’s. The crossbreeding efforts continued into the 1950’s at the Range Experiment Station at Manyberries. Those studies intended to compare the hybrid animals to Herefords and evaluate foraging ability during winter and summer, along with their resistance to cold weather, disease and flies. Rate of growth, meat quality, age and size at maturity, etc. were studied. The researchers also hoped to select for a polled animal with uniform color, since the early crosses were not very uniform in appearance. One of the main problems they encountered was lack of fertility in the males. In 1951 the manager of the Manyberries station said that this low fertility persisted into the next generations even when the bison blood was reduced to a low percentage; only a few of the male “cattalos” were fertile. Early in their experimentation they found that the most successful crosses resulted from mating a domestic beef bull to a bison cow. Starting in 1936, several bulls of different breeds (Angus, Shorthorn and Hereford) were mated with 70 bison females. The resulting hybrid heifers were then bred to domestic sires to create offspring that were ¾ domestic and ¼ bison. Those heifers were bred to domestic sires to create animals that were 7/8 domestic and only 1/8 bison. Many of the bull calves from each successive cross were tested and only about 23% were found to be fertile. Numerous independent experiments with crossing bison and cattle took place over the past century, and some early attempts were more successful than others. Many of the hybrid animals produced were infertile, however; they could not produce offspring themselves. For a while some people thought that this cross was sterile--like the mule.

BEEFALO – A REGISTERED TRADEMARK - A purebred, registered Beefalo is a composite animal that is uniformly 37.5% American Bison. Since the 1980’s the USDA has recognized the Beefalo as a breed. Though these animals are always 3/8 bison, various cattle breeds were selected for their desirable qualities to produce the remaining 5/8 heritage. According to the American Beefalo Association, these animals are often confused with the bison hybrid cattalo, but Beefalo is a USDA-recognized breed of cattle, with bloodlines highly controlled and visually distinctive from cattalo or bison hybrids.

48 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

The ABA is the official route of registration for Beefalo breeders to verify with the The Beefalo can vary greatly in appearance but generally has a large frame and USDA that their herds are proven Beefalo. is well muscled, similar in stature to bison. These animals are very docile, however, These animals are typically 3/8 bison and 5/8 domestic cattle and this compos- compared with bison. One similarity most Beefalos share is a unique, dense hair coat ite was developed during the early 1970’s by California rancher DC “Bud” Basolo. (consisting of fine hair, not coarse) enabling them to withstand colder climates. Thus Crossing bison and cattle had already been accomplished many times, but the cross the Beefalo is hardy in extreme cold as well as extreme heat. Beefalo calves are born often exhibited poor fertility. Basolo small but grow fast. is credited for breaking through that One of the reasons breeders enjoy raisbarrier, producing a fertile bison-boing Beefalo is that they can be handled like vine hybrid composite. domestic cattle while retaining certain bison Also influencing the new “breed” traits. Early studies showed that Beefalo was Montana rancher Jim Burnett could be finished and marketed at up to who developed a large number of 40% less cost than a conventional beef higher bison percentage bulls, which animal. They are ideal for raising grass-finwere used as foundation animals. ished beef. Such animals with more than 3/8 Currently Beefalo are experiencing bison blood are classified as Bison renewed interest, due to consumer demand Hybrids. for all-natural, hormone-free and antibiotBurnett was one of the early ic-free beef. Beefalo meat is documented to ranchers to successfully breed bison be lower in fat, bad cholesterol, with higher to cattle in the 1950’s and 60’s on protein than conventional feedlot beef. Also his ranch at Luther, Montana (near known for delicious flavor, Beefalo has won Red Lodge). He disproved the idea taste tests over regular beef as well as bison that beef-bison hybrids were infermeat. Most Beefalo are marketed as meat tile, by producing a large number of sold directly to consumers at the local level second cross animals (1/4 bison and by breeders in the U.S. and in Australia. 3/4 Hereford or Angus), by matThese animals have a unique place in the ing first cross heifers (half bison) to history of crossbreeding. Photo by: Heather Smith Thomas Hereford and Angus bulls. Burnett 1965 bison crossbreds at Jim Burnett’s ranch in Montana. had best success on the first cross by mating domestic cows with bison bulls. Mating a bison cow with a domestic bull was much less common at that time. One difficulty may be that the bison has a somewhat different breeding cycle than the domestic cow. During the early 1960’s Burnett had 8 bison on his ranch, running with his cattle. The bison bulls frequently interbred with the domestic cows, but the domestic THOMAS CATTLE CO. bulls did not associate with the bison cows. The bison bulls may have been able to keep the domestic bulls away from the bison cows, which could be a reason for OREANA, IDAHO the lack of crossbred offspring from the female bison. The offspring produced from some of his cows, however, bred by bison bulls, were magnificent animals, maturing larger than typical beef cattle. The Hereford crosses were white-faced and red with brindle stripes; Angus crossbreds were solid black and usually horned. They all had larger front quarters than cattle, a bit of a hump and a beard. Some of the 3/4 Hereford crossbreds looked more like Herefords, but larger. One of the most spectacular animals I saw on his ranch in 1965 (when I pastured my horses there for the winter, while I was in college) was a 3/4 Sons of: Angus 1/4 bison steer that was very large and smooth but with a heavy neck; he was jet black, with beautiful black horns. Substantial Some of the crossbred females in the Burnett herd were unable to produce Infinity calves, but the vast majority of them were fertile--and Jim Burnett had plenty of 1/4 bison calves. The Burnett family always butchered one of the crossbreds for Bruiser their own meat. These animals were fast-growing and feed-efficient, producing a EARNAN great deal of meat on a large carcass. Renown - Genex Several other ranchers at that time were also experimenting with bison hybrids, and the July 18, 1965 edition of the Billings Gazette had a photo of a big whiteface “Herffalo” at Al Barnes’ feedlot in Huron, South Dakota. This big gentle 3-yearRange Raised old steer (named Brindle Bill) weighed 3,020 pounds at that time. He was born on Don High’s ranch at White River, SD, and gained 6 pounds a day while growing Free Wintering Until April 1, 2019 up. His owner figured he would “dress out to 10,000 hamburgers.” Discounts Available for Multiple Bull Purchases Today in the American Beefalo Association, Bison Hybrids are often registered as “ancestor animals”. The minimum percentage of bison an animal may carry and still be classified as Beefalo is 17%. Beefalo in Bud Basolo’s herd were originally a blend of Hereford and Charolais with bison, but any cattle breed is allowed For more information or to request a sale catalog, contact: in Beefalo breeding. Seth Thomas Logan Thomas The Beefalo were popular during the 1970’s but then there were many arguments over proving their bison content. The blood testing that was available (208) 249-0452 (208) 249-7852 during those early years was inexact, and often open to laboratory interpretation. It wasn’t until the advent of DNA testing in the 1990’s that this breed was able to thomascattlecompany@gmail.com establish itself as having documented bison content.

PRIVATE TREATY BULL SALE Opening Day: February 11, 2019 at 1 pm Oreana, ID

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 49

Kelly Martin and Martin and Co.

Nevada cowgirl and boot maker to be featured as Master Artist at Art of the Cowgirl conference. Jennifer Whiteley Special to the Rancher Battle Mountain, Nev.-- Art of the Cowgirl features Master Artists from all over the world who have honed their skills in a particular western craft. These artists will attend the annual event to showcase their work and provide demonstrations. They will also be providing a fellowship to one lucky recipient in their category who wants to further their skills in a particular craft. Kelly Martin joins Master Saddle Maker Nancy Martiny of Martiny Saddle Co., Master Rawhide Braider and Horse Hair Hitcher Teresa Black of Bill Black Custom Braiding, Master Engraver and Silver Smith Amy Raymond of Raymond Silver Co., Master Fine Artist Jan Mapes of Jan Mapes Fine Art, Master Photographer Constance Jaeggi of Constance Jaeggi Photography, and Master Horsewoman Lee Smith of Lee Smith Horsemanship in Phoenix, Arizona. The conference runs February 8th-10th and will celebrate cowgirls and their contributions to the western lifestyle and culture. Kelly grew up on ranches and in leather workshops throughout most of the western United States, working alongside and learning from her parents both on the ranches and in the leather shop. Her dad George bought a shoe repair shop in the early 70’s and began building boots for working cowboys in the early 80’s in addition to his own saddles, chaps, and other leather goods when he wasn’t working as a cowboy. The shop moved with George to every new cowboy job he took. Her mom Sharron worked alongside her dad in the leather shop, building chinks, purses, and belts. She stitched all of the boot tops for George, and he designed the cowboy half sole they put on their boots. “I’m a work in progress, I’ve learned most of what I know by trial and error, and with help from my dad. I’ve taken a lot of classes to improve my knowledge and skills. I built my first solo pair of boots in 1990 with my father’s guidance. His knowledge and support have helped me earn my place in the boot maker’s trade. I put a lot of time into each pair

of boots I build, using only top of the line, quality materials. I want to make something unique for everyone, so the design part of building boots is my favorite part of building boots.” Explains Kelly. She adds “I grew up working side by side with cowboys, so it’s not surprising that the majority of my clientele are working cowboys. They are so real to me, and they know I’m not a girl from town with no clue. I understand what they need to do their job because I’ve been in their boots, working cows, branding calves, making a living in a saddle. I prefer building boots for working cowboys, so I build my boots tough. I am very proud of the fact that I have many long-time customers who return to me year after year to repair worn out boots or to order a new pair of boots for both dress and work.” Today Kelly is based out of Battle Mountain, Nevada where she lives with her husband Josh McManus and her dad. Her daughter Tasha Mashburn and granddaughters Gracie and Jorja live just down the road, and when she is not busy in the shop, she is at junior rodeos cheering them on. “My granddaughters spend a lot of time with me in the shop and I hope one day they will be interested in taking up the boot makers trade. My son Monte Greene lives in Sand Hollow, Idaho with his wife Jessie, son Wyatt, and daughter Sharron.” Kelly adds. “Monte’s kids are pretty young now, but I hope as they get older, they will spend shop time with me, and I can follow them on their rodeo trails as well.” In additions from demonstrations by Master Artists, the conference includes clinicians, Art of the Cowgirl Elite Horse Sale, an all-women’s Ranch Rodeo, Concerts, Western Fashion Show, and a trade show. For more information, go to www.artofthecowgirl.com for visit their Facebook page!

Photo by: Kelly Martin

Right: Martin’s 2015 Art of the Cowboy Maker’s 1st place and People’s Choice award winning boots in the work category. After the contest, Martin was told that her boots were too “pretty” for work. Her clients beg to differ as her boots incorporate both style and function. Photo by: Jennifer Whiteley

Below: Kelly Martin tracing boot patterns on leather in her Battle Mountain shop before cutting them out.

Photo by: Kelly Martin

Above: Martin often has granddaughters Jorja and Gracie with her in the shop, carrying on the family boot making tradition, teaching them the tools of the trade.

50 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Photo by: Kelly Martin

Above: Kelly’s second entry in the 2015 Art of the Cowboy Makers contest. Winning people’s choice and second place in the show category. Photo by: Jennifer Whiteley

Kelly is an avid horsewoman and enjoys taking time out of the shop to help friends and neighbors’ brand or work cattle. She also supports her grandkids in all of their rodeo endeavors.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 51

Western Nevada CattleWomen, Inc. Annual Ag Scholarship Dinner & Dance

Sat. March 9, 2019

$30 Adult - $50 Couple $10 Child (price increase at the door)

Annual Western Nevada CattleWomen host Dinner Dance during the Bull’s for the 21st Century Sale! Doors will open at 3:00 to hear the Peterson Farm Brothers speak and for the Bulls for the 21st Century Awards. This is free to all. Pre-sale tickets available until March 3rd. The dinner and dance are $30 for adults, $50 for couples, and $10 for children. Tickets will be more at the door. Dinner will be Harris Ranch steaks along with all the delicious sides! There will be door prizes, a raffle, a silent auction, and a live auction. All proceeds of the dinner dance are used to fund Ag scholarships. If you are interested in donating items please contact Linda Huntsberger at 775.720.3106 Awards will be presented for Beef Business of the Year, CattleWomen of the Year, and high school scholarships will be announced! We will be having a live band, Motley Spurz, for some great dancing and entertainment to finish out the night! This is a family friendly event and all ages are welcomed.

Stay Up-To-Date with Celeste!

Call Linda Huntsberger 775-720-3106 Or scan this code. Bell Ranch Herefords are backed with superb genetics, excellent mothers, and raised on the harsh Nevada range.

Let your cowherd gain a competetive edge by using a Bell Ranch bull - we know they’ll work for you!

BULLS AND FEMALES AVAILABLE AT THE RANCH *HEIFER BULLS AVAILABLE*

Celeste Settrini is avidly involved in the Ag and Ranching industry. She provides her clients with marketing strategies, content and social media help. Celeste saw a need and decided to provide an added benefit to those clients within the beef industry. She now offers bull sales assistance with sale day photography and promotions! She has created a Facebook page, The Bull Sale Bulletin, your one stop spot for bull sale information. This page is dedicated to her bull sale clients and will be a WATCH FOR spot to showcase photos, BELL RANCH HEREFORDS find news and updates about the sales, a place AT THE to download sale catalogs and more! Her hope is FALLON ALL BREEDS BULL SALE to bring interesting and FEBRUARY 16TH, 2019 informative stories and FALLON, NV articles too. 2019 SNYDER LIVESTOCK For those following BULLS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY SALE along, she will have tips on purchasing your herd YERINGTON, NV bull or females right from MARCH 10, 2019 INFO/VIDEOS AT WWW.SLCNV.COM industry experts that Celeste has been lucky enough to team up with. Do you have a sale this year that needs an added bit of something extra? Team up with her to receive assistance on social media and photography on sale day! Reach Celeste at 831-320-1527 or email Celestesettrini@ gmail.com Celeste is covering the Bulls For the 21st Century Sale!

Selling 25 Private Treaty Bulls

Lilla & Woodie bell Dan & Theresa Bell

PO Box 48 • Paradise Valley, NV (775) 578-3536 bellranches@gmail.com bellranchherefords.com BELL RANCH HEREFORDS

For over 50 years, Bell Ranch has been raising top-tier Polled Hereford cattle just like the commercial cattlemen do. We are strict on feet, udders, pigment, and muscling. Our cattle must survive in tough conditions so we know they’ll survive in yours! Call today for more information!

52 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

By Norma Elliott

What Dating on the Ranch Really Looks Like Okay, let’s get real. Ranch life is hard work and it can be unpredictable. We all know that our plans can quickly change. We can go from making a feed run to helping a cow calf. Preparing dinner to saddling up a horse, to get cattle out of the highway. We are also familiar with…. trucks that won’t start to water repairs. That’s what makes ranching exciting right? You never know what’s gonna happen. February is here and love is in the air, so here’s some ways to love a little more...right there on the ranch. Right there amongst water gaps and snares, and truck repairs...right there in everyday life. 1. Be intentional: Sometimes we forget that dating is a part of marriage, we forget that dating doesn’t have to be an event, it can be a way of life to continually court each other. Being intentional in loving each other takes time and effort. 2. Work with what you have. Budgets, time restraints, pickups duct taped together. It’s not what you have or don’t have. Tighten up your actions rather than making excuses. I mean tighten up tighter than that bound up windmill break! Do for your spouse…ask yourself….how can you meet their needs through action? 3. Think about each other. Keep that in mind and set aside the things that distract you but also adding in things that attract you to your spouse is key. In other words, do a little daydreaming about your true love. Write your own romance novel in your thoughts towards them. 4. Venture outside the box. Make a date out of the ordinary and turn it up! You can download ya’lls favorite songs, pour up a thermos of coffee and whip up a fantastic lunch. Saddle a couples horses, dream under vast starry skies. You can break into song, or dance between checking windmills...anything to break out of the ordinary! Life is too exciting and marriage should be too!! 5. Return: Date like you mean it. Remember when you were first dating? You couldn’t wait to see each other. Return to anticipation. Remember how his hand felt in yours, think about her kiss. Return to simplicity and anticipation. Do the former things. You see it didn’t matter if we had to go help him load up the come-a-long, or open gates because it was and should be about enjoying the journey along the way.

God tells us not only to return to Him but instructs us on how we can get there. He tells us…”do the former things”, Rev. 2:5. When taking this message to heart, we not only improve our relationship with Christ but we can use this same instruction and improve our relationship with our spouse. Return to what you did at first. That excitement, that vibrancy, that wanting to tell the world. That willingness to help out, just to hang out. The romance is in the air. Don’t miss it...just do the former things! Thank you for reading...thecowboypastorswife

“A Kid’s Look at Ranch Life!” High School Grades 9-12

Middle School Grades 5-8

Elementary School Grades K-4

$25 Visa Gift Card for the Winner in Each Category. PLUS Your photo in the Nevada Rancher Magazine! Submit your photos (limit four) via email along with the following information: Name, Age, Address, Phone Type of Camera, Photo Location Photo Caption (up to 30 words)

Contest Closes April 1, 2019 Email: J.Whiteley@winnemuccapublishing.net with the subject line: Photo Contest

I don’t know about you but we can all find ways to add a little more romance. We can all find ways to serve each other better and appreciate one another. Recently I was reading in Revelation 2 and was reminded of the words, “Return to your First Love”...which is my relationship with Christ. The passage starts with a compliment to the church’s hard work and perseverance. But it also points out something they could improve.

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 53

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Gavica Ranch 10750 Gavica Lane, Paradise Valley. Beautiful 48 acre ranchette near the base of Santa Rosa Mountains. A clean updated home with 3 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, stucco exterior, metal roof, covered patio, spacious garage, carport, lawn and mature trees. The acreage produces approximately 60 ton of prime grass hay. There are 39.36 acres of water rights with a well maintained irrigation system. There is a shop and corrals and currently runs 40 head of cows for 9 months of the year. Unique location!

Antelope Peak Ranch: 5,300 deeded plus BLM permit attached to ranch. 5 center pivot’s Clear Creek Ranch irrigating approx. 583 acres plus another 28 acres with surface water rights out of large Year round cattle ranch with 10,400 spring. Three homes plus shop and other outbuildings. This Elko Co. ranch offered at Deeded Acres, parcels in Humboldt and Pershing Counties, plus BLM allotment. 6 pivots, 790 irrigated acres, 2 large $3,900,000.

diameter irrigation wells, ranch manager's home and equipment yard, Log Cottage. ExcellentSsurface andup under ground water Mason Mountain Ranch: 3782 deeded acres plus small BLM permit. ummers to 300 pair In rights with one of the longest perennial streams in the Great Basin. Price includes all equipment and cattle. the past. Recent improvements to stock watering sources and new set of corrals.

Landowner Elk Tag(s). This is good summer range! $1,750,000. PENDING Still showing and back-up offers considered! 279.93 Acres Lamoille Ruby Valley Ranch: 1,023 Acres at foot of the Rubies with surface waterProperty rights wih for approx.. 300 Views and seasonal creek. Access is from Beautiful Ruby Mountain acres and permits for 375 acres of underground water for irrigation. On pavedLower road.Lamoille Road. Some improvements Price: $750./acre.

@NV Rancher Magazine White Flats: Approx. 2560 deeded acres, all contiguous, approx.. 15 miles South of Elko with fence for 4 milesand already. Would make Follow us on Facebook Instagram for a good seeding! Price: $499,500. exciting giveaways, conversation and more! 775-738-8535

View Complete listings at www.ARanchBroker.com

• 775-777-6416

Jiggs, Nevada Smith Creek Property: 2 20 deeded acres with approx.. 126 withDsurface a w n Mwater itton, Broker/Realtor rights out of Smith Creek. Great homesite already carved out of the hill above the meadows with well and trees planted. On county maintained road approx.. 30 miles out of Elko. Price: $700,000. Paul D. Bo�ari, Broker Ranch properties now available through E-mail: paul@bottarirealty.com • Bus. 775-752-3040 • Res. 775-752-3809 Bottari and Associates Realty • Fax 775-752-3021 • 122 8th Street • P.O. Box 368 • Wells, NV 89835

Allie Bear, Broker/Realtor

Bottari & Associates Realty

PENDING!

Still showing and accepting backup offers

Antelope Peak Ranch

Smith Creek Property, Jiggs, Nevada

5,300 deeded plus BLM permit attached to ranch. 5 center pivot’s irrigating approx. 583 acres plus another 28 acres with surface water rights out of large spring. Three homes plus shop and other outbuildings. 1 land owner Elk Tag. This Elko Co. ranch offered.

220 deeded acres with approx. 126 with surface water rights out of Smith Creek. Great homesite already carved out of the hill above the meadows with well and trees planted. On county maintained road approx. 30 miles out of Elko.

Price: $3,900,000.

REDUCED Price: $650,000.

Flatnose Ranch

700+ acre property in Lincoln County just 7 miles E. of Pioche. 211+acres in production, Alfalfa hay. 346 Water righted acres irrigated out of 3 underground Wells and Flatnose Spring. 4 pivots some handline. Ranch got 6 landowner Mule Deer tags in 2018. Next to Echo Reservoir. Priced at Appraisal: $2,700,000.

Need More Ranch Listings

Sold in the last 6 months: Z Bar Ranch, Bar O Ranch and approx. 14,000 deeded acres in Clover Valley. Have buyers looking let me sell your ranch or farm!

For additional information on these properties go to:

BOTTARIREALTY.COM

Market Report 300-400 lb.

Fallon Livestock Exchange Fallon, Nevada

400-500 lb.

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb.

700-800 lb.

800+ lb.

Slaughter Cattle 44-49 Butcher Bulls

Breakers (Fat Cows)

160-177.50 148-169. 114.25-136 104-121 115-125 avg Boners (Med. Flesh) avg 50 avg avg avg 126-140 avg 120-130.50 116-131 125-138 avg 129-130 110-130 avg Cutters (Lean) Heifers avg avg avg Preg Tested 3,4,5 year solid Top cow: 1,860 lbs (avg. 49) Shelly Cutters (Thin) mouth No Test January 15h, 2019 sale; volume: N/A. Single, small-framed or plainer cattle 30 to 65 less than top offering. Steers

168-179 avg

Stock Cattle by Weight

Cattlemen’s Livestock Marketing Galt, Calif.

Shasta Livestock Auction Yard, Cottonwood, Calif.

Steers Heifers

300-400 lb. #1 quality

400-500 lb. #1 quality

No test No test

150-177 140-176

500-600 lb. #1 quality 150-181 130-155

600-700 lb. #1 quality 135-158 130-143

51-59.50

46-48

Shelly Bulls

No test

42-44

Cutter Bulls

76-113

No test

Top Bull

59.50

Slaughter Cattle 700-800 lb. #1 quality 130-143 125-138

800+ lb. #1 quality

Boner Cows

30-40

No Test No Test

Breaker Cows Cutter Cows

30-40 30-35

Bulls

52-62

Pairs: no test January 16, 2019 sale; volume 2,295. Market notes:Compared to the previous week slaughter cattle were CHEAPER. Compared to the previous week feeder cattle under 600 lbs. were steady. Compared to the previous week feeder cattle over 600 lbs. were steady

Steers Heifers

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

170-217

No Test

130-160

130-171.50

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb. 130-183. 125-163.50 50 120-157. 115-134.25 50

Slaughter Cattle 44-50 Bulls

700-800 lb. 117-140

800+ lb.

High yielding

117-132

Medium yielding

35-45

131.50-13 6.75

120-130.50 few

Low yielding

20-34

45-65

Results from January 18, 2019 sale; volume 3,159. Market notes: Cull cow prices steady. Grass steers $4-$15 higher; grass heifers $5-$20 higher. Grow yard cattle steady $3 higher. Off, small and single lots $30-$60 below top.

7 Rivers Livestock Commission Emmett, ID

Stock Cattle by Weight 500-600 600-700 lb. lb.

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

Steers

174 avg

177.25

155.34

Heifers

147

155.70

144.53

700-800 lb.

800+ lb.

High Yielding

146.30

143.45

128.80

Medium Yield

136.40

123.45

98.07

Thin Cows

Slaughter Cattle Bulls

Heiferettes: 61 avg

Pairs, full mouth Bred Heifers No Test no test Results from January 8th, 2019 To consign or other questions call the office @ 208-365-4401 Sale every Tuesday at high noon.

Stock Cattle by Weight

Producers Livestock, Salina, Utah

Steers Heifers

Slaughter Cattle

300-400 lb.

400-500 lb.

500-600 lb.

600-700 lb.

700-800 lb.

800+ lb.

130-188.50

151-187

143-171

130-154.50

129-143

130-144

145-165

122-178

115-157

127-137.50

120-131

57-125

Cows: 36.75-50.63

Commercial/Utility Cows

No Test

Cutting Bulls

No Test

Slaughter Bulls

63.75-68.25

Heiferettes: No Test

January 161h, 2019; volume: 1,853 The figures on this report are computer generated from “The Hottest Sale in the West” at Producers Livestock in Salina, UT. Notes: For great service contact the Salina Producers Auction at (435) 529-7437. For current market information call toll free 1-888-287-1702. Stock Cattle by Weight Slaughter Cattle 500-600 600-700 lb. 700-800 800+ lb. Butcher Cows – 43-50 Butcher Bulls 39-54 lb. lb. bulk Steers 179-215 159-207 144-173 124-154.25 136-145 127-139 Shelly Cows Thin 29-42 Top Bull 55.50 153-165 128-163 129-155. 125-140 121-135.5 113-126 Heifers 50 0 Young cow pairs Older BM Cows Heiferettes: 53-78 No Test No 825-1,035 January 16th, 2019 volume: GOOD TEST ON THE “LIGHT-GREEN” GRASS CALVES UNDER 550# $2.00-$6.00 HIGHER. HEAVIER 575#-850# STEADY TO $1.00 SOFTER. These are the extreme high spots and bulk prices . Questions about the market and/or to consign, call Producers Livestock, Vale Oregon, at (541) 473-3136 300-400 lb.

Producers Livestock, Vale, Ore.

400-500 lb.

56 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

Auction Directory Get the most up-to-date market reports by visiting these websites NEVADA Nevada Livestock Marketing LLC Sale every Wednesday 1025 North Allen Road, Fallon, Nevada Office: (775) 423-7760 Fax: (775) 423-1813 www.nevadalivestock.us • Fallon Livestock LLC Sale every Tuesday 2055 Trento Lane, Fallon, Nevada Office: (775) 867-2020 Fax: (775) 867-2021 www.fallonlivestock.com • Superior Livestock Auction Load-lots of cattle sold via satellite and the Internet Northern Nevada

Representative Allie Bear (775) 738-8534 www.superiorlivestock.com

CALIFORNIA Shasta Livestock Auction Yard Sale every Friday Cottonwood, California Office: (530) 347-3793 Fax: (530) 347-0329 www.shastalivestock.com • Cattlemen’s Livestock Market Sale every Wednesday 12495 E. Stockton Blvd., Galt, California Office: (209) 745-1515 www.clmgalt.com

IDAHO Producers Livestock Marketing Assn.

11 South 100 West, Jerome, Idaho Office: (208) 324-4345 Cattle auction every Tuesday; dairy auction every-other Wednesday www.producerslivestock.com • Treasure Valley Livestock Auction Beef sale every Friday; General sale every other Saturday 1901 E. Chicago, Caldwell, Idaho Office: (208) 459-7475; (800) 788-4429 treasurevalleylivestock.com • Twin Falls Livestock Commission

www.twinfallslivestock.com Office: (208) 733-7474 630 Commercial Ave. Twin Falls, ID

OREGON Producers Livestock Marketing Sale every Wednesday P.O. Box 67, Vale, Oregon Office: (541) 473-3136 www.producerslivestock.com • Central Oregon Livestock Auction Sale Every Monday 3457 S.W. Hwy. 97 Madras, Oregon Office: (541) 475-3851 www.centraloregonlivestock

Livestock Auction Services SALE EVERY WEDNESDAY! Jack Payne, Mgr.: 775-217-9273 Carey Hawkins: 208-724-6712 Office: 775-423-7760

SALE EVERY TUESDAY 2055Trento Lane, Fallon, NV 89406 (775) 867-2020 - Fax (775) 867-2021 FallonLivestock.com - Email FallonLivestock@gmail.com Tommy Lee, Owner (775) 741-4523 office (775) 217-2259

SALE February 7, 2019 Video Auction

February 21, 2019 Video Auction Consignment Deadline Feb. 11th

March 7, 2019 Video Auction Consignment Deadline Feb. 25th

THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019 57

All In A Day’s Ride

This ol cowboy is being drug kickin and fightin into the Hi Tec era. Took me 4 years of high school to graduate from typing. It was hard, 32 words a minute? Now we got Computers, Fax’s, cell phones, I pod’s, Smart phones and all kinds of Tablets. (I don’t even know what they do). I still have the ol Flip phone and sometimes it Commentary by is way over my head. I think David W. Glaser the cell phones are making better driver, almost every one you see on the roads is driving with one hand. And sometimes no hands, driving with their knees cause they are busy on the phone and putting on makeup? I have a hard time holding my hot coffee and eating my jelly filled donut. I have even seen riders warming up their horse’s texting someone. Now that takes some real talent. I have such fat fingers and such tiny keys; I can’t do it sitting still let alone on a loping horse. But I did learn that they have codes or abbreviations for lots of things. For example, did you know… OCD really means Osteochondritis Dissecams.? Try typing the long version on your tiny key board on a loping horse. I saw this on a text from a horse person who had a horse that was limping. He said he thought it had OCD, to my simple mind that meant, “Ornery cow dog”. When in fact it means bone abnormalities in young horses. I have really got into the initial stuff even come up with my own version. WTC, watch the cow; GDG, Good Dog Griz; GRF, going really fast; LL, left leg; RL, see you got it already. I have another one I use quite regularly, I use it when I walk by the BMB, Big Mean Buffalo; you know how they love dogs. GOD, not the almighty, but it might be helpful; it really means Get out Dog! The next one used is HS, when my GDG brings BMB, GRF in my direction. I usually shout GOD and then HS…. Holy S---, see you are really catching on! I can’t understand why Griz, after he has irritated the Buff, thinks running and hiding behind me will save him. BDG! ---- BDG! It’s time to give the pickup its annual bath. Best advice I can give you is taking it to one of those fancy drives through car wash. When the attendant walks to you window with a wrinkled nose and a disgusted look on his face, just tell him,

Desolate Ranch Wife

“I want the Works…inside an out!” I find it works best to thrust some cash in his hand, roll up the window, an act like you have a hearing impairment. It is also good, prior to the wash, to clean out the bed, old wet hay, steel posts, beer cans, oh and make sure Shep has stayed home. When you are through the actual wash, drive it to the inside cleaning area, and leave the premises, go inside for some coffee. You do not want to stick around an hear what those people have to say about you! When they’re done, they’ll come throw your keys at you, if you ever want to come back better tip them. The feeling you’ll get when you step in the shiny, clean truck is worth all stress you’ve been through, an look at the pile of stuff on the seat. All the stuff you and your spouse have lost or put under the seat for the past year has been found. I know you’re thinking this is a great idea. I’ll have to do it again, …next year. Now it’s off for the LOF, that’s mechanic talk for LUBE, OIL, FILTER. Have them give it the works here too. Hey while we’re here let’s check those tires. Maybe rotate or replace? Remember the last time you changed a tire on the road? That’ll motivate you. First, I couldn’t find the jack, then I couldn’t figure how to make it work. It’s not the cowboy way to read instructions first. Last but not least you trailer. Most horse people have this mental image that trailers are indestructible, they are meant to be fixed on the road. Bearing goes out, fix it. Brakes go bad, fix it. Lights quit fix it. Wouldn’t it be “FUN” to hook up, go to the show, and come home, without a worry or a wait beside the road. Unless your real handy, I’d take it into a dealer or a shop, have them pack your bearings, check the brakes, check & rotate the tires, make sure all the lights are working and give it a good safety check. Now just picture yourself in that clean, shiny truck, pulling that no worry trailer, loaded with those real expensive horses. Imagine that picture of you driving down the road, the wind in your hair, a no worry smile on your face, Maria Carey on the CD, to the first show of the year. On you trip, if you happen to pass me setting beside the road with a jack in one hand and the instruction book in the other, please stop and lend me your reading glasses! Paul Harvey said the average cowboy rides 900 miles a year. He also said the average cowboy drinks 22 gallons of alcohol in a year. That equates to about 41 miles to the gallon. Humm mm! It’s all in a Day’s Ride! David W Glaser Contact David to purchase his book dhranch3@gmail.com or call 208-9895404

How to Beat the Winter Blues

We’re right smack dab in the middle of winter. These short, frozen days and long, even more frozen nights can be a little tough to get through for people in the Lower 48 who are used to spending most of their time outdoors. As a whole, horse owners are Commentary by outdoorsy-type people. Being Jolyn Young cooped inside the house for weeks at a time and venturing outside only to throw a few flakes of hay, break some ice and make sure all the critters are healthy and sound can sure get old in a quick hurry. Here are a few ways to break a winter-induced negative state of mind and make the cold season pass a little quicker. 1) Oil all your tack. Build a fire or turn up the furnace, pull up a chair, grab a bucket of warm water and a jug of cheap olive oil. Then give all your gear that good cleaning you meant to do all summer but were too busy using it. 2) Read or re-read a horse training book, or watch a DVD. Cold weather is the perfect time to study the art of horsemanship, since you can’t actually practice it. There’s a ton of great knowledge stored in the books and videos available today, and this is the season you’re most likely to take advantage of learning the information that will benefit your long summer days in the saddle. 3) Clean your house top to bottom – wash the walls, bleach the baseboards, take a pumice stone to the toilet. Well, adjust the depth of your deep-cleaning

58 THE NEVADA RANCHER – FEBRUARY 2019

to your personal tastes and standards of household cleanliness. Not everyone gets a little high off a clean house like I do (or maybe that’s just bleach fumes?), but it’s a chore that always needs doing and is easy to put off when there is more fun to be had outside. This winter, there isn’t anything fun to do outside, unless you get a little high off shoveling snow, so you might as well do a few inside chores. 4) Walk through your house and admire how clean it is. Wait, is that just me? I figure since I worked super hard at scrubbing that microfiber couch and those beige walls, I might as well observe and enjoy it for the 3.5 minutes that it will last. 5) Put on a big coat and your warm boots, catch your horse and give him or her a thorough grooming. Warm months invite us to brush our horses quickly, throw a saddle on and get to riding, but forcing us to enjoy a slower pace is one of winter’s gifts. Rather than trying to improve our horse’s training with every contact, it’s nice for all involved to stand in the barn while your horse munches on a bucket of oats and you work the tangles and mud clumps out of his mane. Remember when you were a little kid and you just loved anything horse-related, from the smell of their hair to the crunching sound they make when they eat and the way they swing their head around and perk up their ears when they hear a distant sound? It’s like that. 6) Braid a hackamore, sew a quilt, glue pictures in a scrapbook, paint a watercolor, write a short story, read a novel, or do some other non-horse related activity you enjoy, but are usually too busy riding to pursue. Warm weather will return, and you will get your fill of riding again. And then you will acquire another stack of unfinished non-horse projects that patiently wait inside the house for next winter.

LIVESTOCK PURCHASE? ROUND UP THE EXPERTS.

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2.28.19

TH 60

ANNIVERSARY

200 RED BULLS

60 RED FEMALES DISH Network 231 DIRECTV 345

LORENZEN RANCHES • 22575 Skyview Lane • Bend, Oregon 97702

Larry Lorenzen 541.969.8034 | Sam Lorenzen 541.215.2687 | www.lorenzenranches.com

MADRAS

OREGON