November is Diabetes Awareness Month. Special Insert

DIABETES SPECIAL Diabetes Distress: Balancing Mental Health and Diabetes

BY JR HOLGUIN

Individuals with diabetes are prone to diabetes distress and are more likely to be diagnosed with depression than those without diabetes, which can affect one's condition. Diabetes distress is feeling discouraged, anxious, frustrated, or exhausted by routine diabetes care. These feelings leave individuals believing all their effort to keep up with their diabetes care are fruitless, which could drive people to sink into harmful routines. Routine diabetes care, such as diet, physical conditioning, and medication, is essential to maintaining hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), blood pressure, and cholesterol levels and preventing or delaying diabetes-related complications. When stressed, the body emits stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, producing an energy boost for a fight-orflight response. But the hormones make it harder for insulin to function correctly, known as insulin resistance. Blood sugar levels rise as energy can't get into one's cells. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) estimates that "33% to 50% of people with diabetes have diabetes distress." The CDC states that those with diabetes are 2 to 3 times more likely to have depression than those without diabetes. And with fewer than half of people with diabetes and depression getting diagnosed and treated, those with diabetes need to speak with their healthcare provider to seek support. The ADA recommends periodic depression and diabetes distress screenings, especially "if patients with type 2 diabetes experience comorbidities, diabetesrelated complications, changes in life events, or changes in their diabetes treatment plan." Diabetes distress emulates depression or anxiety but can't be treated with medication like those conditions. So, the ADA has compiled a list of approaches that have shown to help: •See an endocrinologist for diabetes care. They are likely to have a deeper understanding of diabetes challenges than a regular doctor. •Ask a doctor to refer a mental health counselor specializing in chronic conditions. •Get one-on-one time with a diabetes educator to problem-solve together. •Focus on one or two small diabetes management goals instead of everything all at once. Additionally, the ADA encourages those with diabetes to go to diabetesdistress.org and take their Diabetes Destress survey, which tells how distressed an individual might be (low, moderate, high) so that they can decide what kind of further action to take and identify the specific sources of the diabetes distress. It is important to remember that routine diabetes care is crucial. Those with diabetes must take medications as directed and eat healthy meals. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing positively impact stress and anxiety if an individual is stressed out. Those who can exercise should; do activities such as dancing, biking, or a ten-minute walk to reduce stress. Sharing what one goes through with friends and family can relieve stress and solve those problems. And if additional moral support is needed, join a support group to meet people with similar issues and make new friends. And always seek professional help to talk about concerns. l

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DIABETES SPECIAL Diabetes is Leading Cause of New Blindness in Adults; Many Don’t Know They Have It

New York, NY: According to the 2022 National Diabetes Statistics Report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 11% of the U.S. population (approximately 37.3 million people) has diabetes. The study also found that 38% of adults 18 and older in the U.S., some 96 million people, have prediabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of new blindness among adults from 18 to 64, according to a Prevent Blindness news release. Dr. Daniel Laroche, a top New York City eye specialist, said, “To help prevent diabetes, it is essential to have an excellent diet with salads, vegetables and fruits, and reduce bread and rice intake. Exercise 30 minutes a day. Meditate for 15-30 minutes a day. Drink green tea and reduce sleep apnea and snoring by sleeping on the side and not directly on your back. Controlling weight helps to reduce diabetes and retinopathy.” Many people with diabetes may not know about the damaging effects the disease can have on vision. “Regular dilated eye examinations are essential to detect diabetic retinopathy early and provide vision saving treatments when ready,” he added. Dr. Laroche is a glaucoma specialist who wants people to be aware that glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration and retinopathy can begin to surface between the ages of 40 and 70. “Over time, these diseases can lead to blindness, so it’s best to address them as soon as possible,” said Dr. Laroche. “We have new treatments with earlier surgical options that can help preserve (or restore) their vision with faster recovery times.” Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in African Americans and people from the Caribbean, and the simple way to prevent the devastating effects of glaucoma is to maintain regular eye visits. “Eyesight or human vision is one of the most important senses,” Dr. LaRoche said. “As much as 80 percent of what we feel comes through our sense of sight. By protecting the eyes, people will reduce the chance of blindness and vision loss while also staying on top of any developing eye diseases, such as glaucoma and cataracts.” l

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The Number of People with Diabetes in the Americas has More Than Tripled in Three Decades, PAHO Report Says

Washington D.C. , Nov 11, 2022 (PAHO/WHO): Growing rates of obesity, poor diets, and lack of physical activity, among other factors, have contributed to a more than threefold increase in the number of adults living with diabetes in the Americas in the past 30 years according to a new report by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The PAHO Panorama of Diabetes in the Americas, released in the run up to World Diabetes Day (November 14) calls on countries to improve early diagnosis, increase access to quality care for diabetes control, and develop strategies to promote healthy lifestyles and nutrition. At least 62 million people live with diabetes in the Americas, a number which is expected to be much higher given that around 40% of those with the disease are unaware they have the condition. If current trends continue, the number of people with diabetes in the region is projected to reach 109 million by 2040. The increase in cases of diabetes over three decades is linked to an increase in risk factors – two-thirds of adults in the Americas are overweight or obese, and only 60% get enough exercise. The report also points to an alarming trend among young people in the region: over 30% are now considered to be obese or overweight – almost double the global average. “These high rates of diabetes highlight the urgent need for countries to focus on prevention and the promotion of healthy lifestyles,” said Dr. Anselm Hennis, Director of the Department of Non-communicable Diseases and Mental Health at PAHO. “At the same time, it is crucial to ensure early diagnosis and good disease management, which are key to controlling diabetes and preventing diabetesrelated disability and poor health.” The report shows, however, that just 12 countries in the region have the six basic technologies required for the management of diabetes in public health facilities, including equipment for measuring blood glucose, tests for the early diagnosis of complications, and urine test strips for glucose and ketone analysis. “It is crucial that everyone, everywhere has access to these basic diagnosis and management tools needed to prevent related disability,” Dr. Hennis added. The report also notes that people with diabetes have higher risks for severe forms of COVID-19 and death, highlighting the importance of integrating diabetes care into preparedness and response plans for emergencies. In order to reduce the prevalence of the disease and enable those with diabetes to lead healthier lives and avoid complications, the report calls on countries to: •Improve the capacity for early diagnosis of diabetes and for the prevention of diabetes-related complications; •Increase availability and access to quality diabetes care, including essential medicines such as insulin, glucose-monitoring devices, and self-management support; •Build strategies and policies to promote healthy lifestyles and nutrition and prevent obesity. •Strengthen surveillance and monitoring to ensure good diabetes control.

Diabetes in the Americas Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease, characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type, which usually occurs in adults when the body becomes resistant to or fails to produce enough insulin. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas produces little or no insulin by itself. Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of mortality in the Americas and was responsible for over 284,000 deaths in 2019. It is also the second highest cause of disability in the region, preceded only by ischemic heart disease. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness in people aged 40 to 74, lower extremity amputations, and chronic kidney disease. In addition, diabetes triples the risk of death by cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, or cancer. While type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented, it can be managed. Measures are available, however, to prevent type 2 diabetes, including policies and programs to promote good health and nutrition, regular exercise, avoiding smoking and controlling blood pressure. PAHO continues to support countries in designing, implementing, and evaluating strategies to prevent and control diabetes. PAHO’s Strategic Fund works to strengthen universal access to essential medicines and technologies for the treatment of diabetes in the region, enabling Member States to obtain insulin at lowcost prices. The WHO Global Diabetes Compact also reinforces this commitment and provides a roadmap for countries to tackle diabetes. World Diabetes Day is held every year on November 14 on the birthday of Dr. Frederic Banting, a co-discoverer of insulin, to raise awareness of diabetes. l

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How to Meet Your Own Emotional Needs

BY MARY CAMPBELL

People often enter into a romantic relationship expecting their partner to meet all of their emotional needs. They may be disappointed when those expectations are not met. Although there is nothing wrong with wanting a supportive partner, it is important to learn how to meet our own emotional needs.

Defining Emotional Needs Emotional needs may vary according to the individual. However, there are basic emotional needs that generally pertain to everyone. Those basic needs include security, attention, privacy, value, social connection, and a sense of control over your own life. Although it is wonderful to connect with people who will support you emotionally, it is also necessary to be able to meet those needs on your own. Here are a few ways to do that.

Develop a Sense of Security Be aware of your own capabilities. Know that you can take care of yourself. People often underestimate their own mental and emotional strength. However, most people are emotionally stronger than they realize. Learn to rely on your own internal strength. Focus Your Attention on Yourself Everyone likes attention to some degree. However, if you find yourself craving attention and not getting enough of it, find ways to focus your attention on yourself. Pamper yourself with a day at the spa or just have a relaxing day at home. Find a hobby that you enjoy and immerse yourself in it.

Staying in Control It is a basic human need to feel as though you are in control of your own life. Although we know we can't control every aspect of life all the time, we can maintain a level of control. You always have control over the choices you make; therefore, you are in control of your life more than you realize. Recognize the moments when you make small, habitual decisions and remember you always have the option to choose differently.

Connect to Others Human beings have an innate desire to socialize with other people. If you live alone and don't get enough social interactions, you may feel lonely or even isolated. Whether you have a significant other in your life or not, it is still important to get together with friends and family.

Everyone Needs Their Own Space Although human beings are social, they also need their own space for privacy and quiet time. Even if you live in a household full of noisy chaos, you can still manage to find moments of privacy. Get up an hour earlier or go to bed an hour later if necessary to get some alone time. You could also take a walk in nature or take a drive in the country.

Value Yourself Feeling valued is another emotional need. We often see how people are undervalued and overlooked, especially in the workplace. People may not always value you and your contributions as much as you deserve, but you can learn to value yourself. When you value yourself and your abilities, other people will take notice. Know that you are a valuable person and you make valuable contributions to your family, your job, and your community.

Conclusion It is fine to have someone in your life that helps meet your emotional needs. However, it can be devastating when the person you depend on for validation can no longer be there. Being able to meet your emotional needs offers you a sense of freedom, knowing that you are confident in who you are, alone or with others. It is important to remember that we are responsible for our own emotional needs. You can do so by accepting and loving yourself. l

Being able to meet your emotional needs offers you a sense of freedom, knowing that you are confident in who you are, alone or with others. It is important to remember that we are responsible for our own emotional needs.

Travel is Good for the Soul

BY HARRY JOHNSON, ETURBO NEWS

To travel and discover, to explore new places, meet new people, encounter different cultures is in people’s DNA. Travel plays valuable role in emotional well-being. We all know that. And if anything, it’s a feeling that has been reaffirmed (over and over!) as we return to a sense of normalcy – in life in general and travel specifically. The results of a recent survey of 2,000 Americans, who traveled abroad over the last 14 months, proves that travel and emotional well-being go hand-in-hand. According to the survey, 77 percent of Americans questions have said they felt more like themselves because of their recent travels, while 80 percent said that returning to travel in the past 14 months has been good for their soul and for their well-being. And the same sentiment holds true towards future travels – after the pause on international travel, 80 percent said they need a vacation in 2023 more than ever before. Not that travel has been easy over the last year or so – changing COVID-19 restrictions forced some respondents to reschedule (37%), while other dealt with lost luggage (35%) or delayed and cancelled flights (31%). However, the good news is that even of those who faced issues while traveling, 84 percent said their trip was still completely worth it – and 84 percent said that, despite any difficulties, they’d happily do it all over again if given the chance. To travel and discover, to explore new places, meet new people, encounter different cultures and experience nature’s wild beauty is in people’s DNA. Television, movies, social media, books… these were all great substitutes while travel was on pause, but for many Americans getting out in the world and setting out on new adventures is an intrinsic part of who they are. So, despite some of the challenges that this post-pandemic return to travel has thrown at travelers –the flight delays and cancellations, lost luggage, long line-ups, etc. – the results of the poll show that the joy of 2022 and 2023 travel, and the happiness it brings with it, far outweighs any hiccups we encounter along the way. Take Your Revenge Of the 2,000 Americans polled, 66 percent stated to have a desire to “revenge travel” — defined as wanting to travel more, after feeling like they missed out on time and experiences due to the pandemic. And respondents are making the most of the return to travel; as many travel restrictions have lifted, 57 percent of those surveyed were able to take a “oncein-a-lifetime” adventure in 2022. For those who did, this included seeing something or someone who won’t be there in 10 years (22%), using a travel agent to take the stress out of traveling (21%) and traveling to where their family is originally from (21%). But whether it was a “once-in-a-lifetime” adventure or not, the survey found that Americans were generally positive about any travel experience in the past 14 months.

Trust the Pros When it comes to planning a future getaway – something themajority of respondents have already done (71% have an international trip booked and 65% a domestic trip) – along with recommending people book now to take advantage of many airlines offering no fees for cancelling or changing flights (58%), the next piece of advice they had was to book with a tour operator or travel agent so they can help if something unexpected happens (57%).

What Advice Would Respondents Share, as People Plan Trips? ● Book now, to take advantage of many airlines offering no fees for canceling or changing flights — 58% ● Traveling through a tour operator or a travel agent so they can help if something unexpected happens — 57% ● It’s worth the extra money to fly on an airline without change fees, in case of changing COVID-19 cases — 56% ● Always have a book or activity for the airport, in case of delays — 49% ● Try to travel with just a carry-on — 37%

What Made it a “Once-in-a-Lifetime” Adventure? ● Saw something/someone who won’t be there in 10 years (ex. a changing landscape, an older relative, etc.) — 22% ● Used a travel agent, which took the stress out of traveling — 21% ● Traveled to where my family is originally from — 21% ● It was a longer trip than I would normally take — 20% ● Saw something I’ve always wanted to (ex. the Northern Lights) — 20% ● Got engaged while traveling or went on my honeymoon — 20% ● Used a tour operator, which took the stress out of traveling — 19% ● Met a new friend/started a new relationship — 19% ● Traveled to a new continent — 19% ● Traveled internationally for the first time — 18%l

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