Country responses

 Remote learning based on a combination of online platforms and media broadcasts, synchronous and asynchronous instruction

 Subsidized / free internet access, online textbooks, (devices), and access to distance learning applications and platforms

 Development / expansion of online teacher training and support

 Some psychosocial and mental health support

 Countries failed to learn from emerging evidence to adjust policies and minimize learning disruptions o Schools were closed for excessively long o Limited efforts to address pandemic-related learning gaps

 Limited support to teachers in terms of connectivity, equipment and training

 Poor connectivity and learning environment at home & learning fatigue

Remote learning, even if effectively implemented, is a poor substitute to face-to-face learning