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•

• •

06ecnel.feHHe 3Hal.fHTenbHoro npeBblllleHH.SI ypOBH.SI nOCTynneHHH H3 Bcex HCTOI.fHHKOB Han O)KHnaeMbiM ofiIUHM ypOBHeM pacxonoB (3-5%), nOCTaTOI.fHOrO nn.Sl nOKpbITH.SI pacxonoB Ha aMopTH3aUHlO H o6cnY)KHBaHHe. ofipa30BaHHlO K caHKUHH npHMeHeHHe HaKonneHHIO H filOJUKeTa necpHUHTa HenorallleHHblX nonrOB; H filOJUKeTHblX nonH BblneneHHe fionblllOH cpenCTB Ha 3cpcpeKTHBHbie MepOnpH.SITH.SI, y nYl.flllalOJl.Uie nOKa3aTenH.

Ponb EaHKa B OKa3aHHH nOMOlUH cTpaHaM B pellleHHH naHHblX BonpocoB H npoBeneHHH HeofixonHMblx npeofipa30BaHHH H3naraeTC.SI B rnaBe 2.

Cnep)KHBaHHe B poCTa pacxonOB rocynapcTBeHHoM ceKTope nYTeM KOHTponHpOBaHH.SI cnpoca, npennO)KeHH.SI H ueH PerynHpoBaHHe l.faCTHOrO ceKTopa, OTKa3 OT Hcnonb30BaHH.SI KOMneHCHpYlOlliero CTpaXOBaHH.SI H nooIUpeHHe nonYllieBoH onnaTbI, a He 3a ycnyry. YKpenneHH.SI KOHTpon.Sl H CHCTeMbI OTCne)KHBaHH.SI 3aTpal.feHHbiX rocynapcTBeHHbIX cpenCTB (Hcnonb3Y.Sl Cl.feTa 3npaBooxpaHeHH.SI).

Y.ny'llUeHUe 6JOiJJKenmoii npaKmuKu U K CO)KaneHHIO, B pacnpeoe/leHuJ/ pecypcoB. fionbllloM KOnHl.feCTBe cTpaH C HH3KHM H cpenHHM ypoBHeM noxona OnHa H3 KnlOl.feBbIX npofineM cpHHaHcHpOBaHH.SI 3npasooxpaHeHH.SI - 3TO HH HeXBaTKa HeofixonHMblx pecypcoB H HH paCTYIUHe pacxonbl, a HeynoBneTBopHTenbHa.Sl filOn)KeTHa.SI npaKTHKa, nOpO)KnalOIUa.SI npHBbII.fKy necpHUHTHoro IPHHaHcHpoBaHH.SI H pacnpeneneHH.SI . cKynHblx pecypcoB Ha He3cpcpeKTHBHoe nel.feHHe. TPH nOMOl.fb CTpaHaM MoryT CTpaTerHH cfianaHcHpoBaTb filOn)KeT:

rnABA II

POJIh EAHKA: PACIlIHPEHHE

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06pa30M. pecypchl 31}>I}>eKTHBHhiM He6onhll1He H3MeHeHH~ B nOKa3aTen~x MoryT 3aHRTh OT 10 no 15 neT - CPOK, npeBhlll1alOIUHH nOnHOMOlJH~ MHorHX npaBHTenhcTB H HX npHBep)KeHHOCTh pel}>0pMaM.

HHBeCTHUHH B moneH HaxonRTC~ B ueHTpe CTpaTerHH pa3BHTH~, KOTOPOH 6yneT cnenOBaTh BceMHpHhlH EaHK npH nepexone B 21-H BeK. 3TO rOBopHT 0 npH3HaHHH Toro l}>aKTa, 'ITO HH OnHa CTpaHa He MO)KeT 06eCnelJHTh YCTOHlfHBhlH 3KOHOMHlfeCKHH POCT HnH CHH3HTh ypOBeHh 6enHOCTH &3 3nopOBoro, XOP01l10 nHTaIOIUerOC~ H 06pa30BaHHoro HaceneHH~.

H nocnenHee, Korna I}>HHaHcoB~ nOMOIUh OTpacnH 3nH nocTynaeT B BHne KpenHToB H 3aHMoB, TaKa~ cTpaTerH~ nOn)KHa 6hlTh TIUaTenhHO c6anaHcHpoBaHa C oTnalfeH. KOTopa~ MO)KeT 6hlTh nonYlfeHa OT TaKHX HHBecTHUHH B cpenHecpolfHoH nepcneKTHBe, H H3nep)KKaMH B03MO)KHOCTeH, KOTophle HepeanH30BaHHhix MornH 6hl OTKPhIThC~ npH HHBecTHpoBaHHH B Te o6naCTH 3KOHOMHKH, KOTophle BnH~IOT Ha cl}>epy 3nH.

KaKHe <}JaKTopbI, no MHeHHIO pa3BHBaIOmHXC~ CTpaH, HeooxOAHMbI An~ ynyqllIeHH~ c<}Jepbl

3n8. EOnhll1HHCTBO CTpaH YTBep)KnaeT, lJTO nn~ npo6neM B cl}>epe 3nH, HcnhlThIBaeMhlX 6enHhlMH cnO~MH HaceneHH~, a TaK)Ke nn~ nOBhlll1eHH~ ypOBH~ MenHUHHCKHX ycnyr H 06eCnelJeHH~ YCTOHlfHBoro H npHeMneMOrO ypOBH~ I}>HHaHCHpOBaHH~, HM Heo6xonHMa nOMOIUh Me)KnYHaponHoro coo6IUeCTBa B BHne nepenalfH onhlTa, KOHKpeTHhlX KOHcynhTaUHH, COBeTOB H pell1eHH~

Ponb Me:>KAYHapoAHoro CoOomeCTBa HH onHa H3 Me)KnYHaponHhlx opraHH3aUHH B OTnenhHOCTH He MO)KeT pell1HTh CnO)KHhle npo6neMhl, HaKOnHBll1HeC~ B cl}>epe 3nH. 3TO oco6eHHO BepHO ceHlfac, Korna ypOBeHh HHOCTpaHHOH nOMOIUH pa3BHBaIOIUHMC~ CTpaHaM, npenOCTaBn~eMhlH 60raTeHlllHMH crpaHaMH MHpa, CHH3HnC.SI no 0,3% HX COBMeCTHoro BBfI - caMbIH HH3KHH ypoBeHh 3a 20 neT.

I}>HHaHCHpOBaHH~.

OnHaKO pearHpOBaHHe Ha 3anpOCbl KnHeHTOB B OTpacnH 3nH neno BeChMa HenpOCToe. Bo-nepBhIX, Heo6xonHMO cornaCOBaTh pa3nHlfalOIUHec~ MHeHH~ pa3Hoo6pa3Hhie H 3aHHTepeCOBaHHhiX rpynn - KnHeHTOB EaHKa (KaK npaBHno, MHHHCTPOB 3npaBOOXpaHeHH~ H I}>HHaHCOB), MeCTHOrG HaceneHH~, npOH3BonHTeneH ycnyr H CTpaXOBhlX KOMnaHHH, nOTpe6HTeneH (naUHeHTOB, 6enHhiX cnoeB HaceneHH~, )KeHIUHH, neTeH H npyrHx y~3BHMhIX rpynn) H npOlfHX napTHepoB B nene pa3BHTH~.

EaHK pa60TaeT B cOTpynHHlfecTBe CO MHorHMH Me)KnYHapOnHhIMH opraHH3aUH~MH (<DAO, MOT, CnH)l OOH, npOOH, <D)lHOOH, B03), perHoHanhHhlMH 6aHKaMH (AEP, AI}>EP, EEPP H MEP), EC, nBycTopOHHHMH opraHH3aUH~MH H HfO H lJaCTHhlM ceKTopoM. 3a nocnenHee BpeM~ cOTpynHHlJeCTBO H napTHepcTBo co MHorHMH opraHH3aUH~MH y nYlJll1HnOCh, onHaKO, eIUe MHoroe npencToHT cnenaTh Ha 3TOM nyTH.

BO-BTOPhIX, MHorHe CTpaHhl HcnhlThIBalOT npo6neMhi B 06naCTH 3nH, Bh13BaHHhle npOBeneHHeM B )KH3Hh HeBepHhlX CTpaTerHH. TaK)Ke MHorHe npaBHTenhCTBa He CMornH peanH30BaTh nOTeHUHan npaBHnhHOH nonHTHKH H Hcnonh30BaTh Herocy napCTBeHHhle

CHnhHhlMH cTopoHaMH EaHKa ~Bn~IOTC~ aKKYMynHpoBaHHe B ce6e onhlTa H 3HaHH~ MHpOBoro coo6IUecTBa, nonxon K npo6neMaM Ka)KnOH OTnenhHoH cTpaHhl C MaKpo3KOHOMHlJeCKOH H MHorooTpacneBoH TOlJeK

06ecne4eHHR nponoBonhcTBHeM; H (B) [JO/lumuKa B

3peHHR, a TaK)Ke cnoc06HOCTh M06HnH30BaTh cpHHaHCOBhle pecypchI (nH60 KpynHhle HenocpenCTBeHHO, nH60 nYTeM napTHepCTB). B Bonpocax npenOCTaBneHHR TeXHH4eCKOH nOMOWH B KOHKpeTHhIX 06naCTRX OTpacnH 3I1H, KaK TO 60ph6a C 3a60neBaHHRMH, naHK nonaraeTCR Ha coneHCTBHe cneUHanH3HpOBaHHhIX Y4pe)KneHHH OOH H npyrHx Me)KnYHaponHhIX napTHepOB.

o6/lacmu 3iJpaBooxpaHeHU5I (1975). jJOKYMeHm no nO/lumuKe B o6/lacmu 3iJpaBooxpaHeHU51 (1980 i!.) RBnRnCR nepBoH

nonhITKOH 060CHOBaTh HHBeCTHUHH naHKa B oTpacnh 3npaBooxpaHeHHR H CBR3h Me)Kny 3npaBooxpaHeHHeM, HCKopeHeHHeM 6enHocTH H Omt/em 0 BceMupHOM nnaHHpoBaHHeM ceMhH. pa3Bumuu co/{ua/lbHblX pecypCOB (1980 r.) nponeMoHcTpHpoBan Ba)KHOCTh 3npaBooxpaHeHHR HapRny C 06pa30BaHHeM H cOUHanhHoH 3aWHToH nnR cTpaTerHH HCKopeHeHHR 6enHocTH.

YqaCTlle liaHKa B cc}Jepe 3TIH Ponh naHKa B ccpepe 3flH B Te4eHHe npOll1nhIX 25 neT CTana onHHM H3 npHMepOB paCll1HpeHHR Y4aCTHR H HaKonneHHR onhITa B nByx Ba)KHhIX acneKTax.

jJOK/laiJ 0 BceMupHOM pa3Bumuu 1984 i!.: HapoiJoHaCe/leHUe u pa3Bumue non4epKHY n ponh

rocynapcTBa B 'CHH)KeHHH ypoBHeH cMepTHocTH H pO)KnaeMocTH. I1ccnenoBaHHe, npoBeneHHoe B 1987 r., (fJuHaHcupoBaHue yC/lyi! 3iJpaBooxpaHeHU51 B

• Bo-nepBhIX, naHK BHec CBOH BKnan B HaKonneHHe H pacnpOCTpaHeHHe MHpOBoro onhITa no BonpocaM 3TIH nYTeM npOBeneHHR MHPOBhIX H perHOHanhHhIX H3Y4eHHH, HccnenOBaHHH H aHanH3a H 06MeHa onhITOM C npyrHMH Me)KnYHaponHhIMH opraHH3aUHRMH.

pa3BUBalOlqUXC5I

cmpaHax:

[JpOi!paMMa

per/J0pM

KacanOCh He3cpcpeKTHBHoCTH H HecnpaBennHBoro xapaKTepa pacxonoBaHHR rocynapcTBeHHhlx cpencTB Ha 3npaBooxpaHeHHe, a TaK)Ke BonpocoB cpHHaHcHpoBaHHR TeKYWHX 3aTpaT.

BoopY)KeHHhIH 3HaHHRMH, • BO-BTOPhIX, HaKonneHHhIMH B xone CBoeH neRTenhHOCTH, naHK Hrpan ponh KaTanH3aTopa B ocywecTBneHHH He06xonHMhIX npe06pa30BaHHH nYTeM nepena4H CTpaHaM KpenHTOB H np04HX MeponpHRTHH HeKpellHTHoro xapaKTepa (H3naraeMhIX nanee).

TeMa ponH rocynapcTBa 6hlna BHOBh 3aTpoHYTa B npyroM nOKYMeHTe naHKa no np06neMaM B 06naCTH 3TIH, jJoK/laiJ 0 BceMupHOM pa3Bumuu B 3iJpaBooxpaHeHue.

1993

i!.:

HHBecmu/{uu

3TOT nOKnaJ] Y)Ke OKa3an 3Ha4HTenhHoe BnHRHHe Ha BHyTpeHHHe H Me)KnYHaponHhle ne6aThI no BonpocaM nonHTHKH 3npaBooxpaHeHHR cTpaH C HH3KHMH H cpenHHMH noxonaMH H npHopHTeToB pa60ThI naHKa. jJoK/laiJ

IIonyqeHHe H paCilpOCTpaHeHHe r no6anhHhIX 3HaHHH

no pa3BumulO u 3alqUlne oKpYJKalOlqeu cpeiJbl (1992 r.), .llOKfla,ll Om lleHmpa/lbHOi?O fl./IaHUpOBaHU5I K

TIepeKpeCTHhle HccnenOBaHHR

(1996 r.) H nOKJ1an PO/lb i!OcyiJapcmea (1997 r.) TaK)Ke 3aTparHBanH BonpochI ccpephI 3TIH.

PblHKY

MHorHe npenhIJlYWHe HccnenOBaHHR naHKa B OTpacnH 3TIH 6hlnH cocpenOT04eHhI Ha ponH rocynapCTBa H HerocynapCTBeHHoro ceKTopa B 06ecne4eHHH nOTpe6HOCTeH ManoHMywero HaceneHHR B ycnyrax ccpephI 3TIH, B pa60Te CHCTeMhI 3npaBooxpaHeHHR H 06ecne4eHHH YCTOH4HBoro cpHHaHCHpOBaHHR.

TIOMHMO 3THX KpynHhlx nOKYMeHToB H OT4eTOB, naHK TaK)Ke ony6nHKoBan MHO)KeCTBO KHHr, ClaTeH H pa604Hx nOKYMeHTOB no BonpocaM 3TIH - K KOHUY 1996 cpHHaHcoBoro rona 6hlno ony6nHKoBaHo 163 TaKHX pa60ThI. TaK)Ke 6hln onp060BaH MeTon nonrOTOBKH He60nhll1HX HccnenoBaHHH, 60nee Y3KOH cneUHanH3aUHH H MeHee noporocToRWHX, a TaK)Ke npHBne4eHHe npyrHx OpraHH3aUHH K npoBeneHHIO HccnenoBaHHH no onpeneneHHoH TeMaTHKe (HanpHMep,

Oc06yIO Ba)KHOCTh HMeIOT CTpaTerH4eCKHe nOKYMeHThI naHKa, TaKHe KaK: (a) OmpaC/leBble npOi!paMMbl (1970 i!.) U iJoKYMeHInbl no no/lumuKe, COCTORWHe H3 peKoMeHnaUHH no nonHTHKe B OmpaC/leBa51 06naCTH HaponoHaceneHHR; (6) npOi!paMMa (1973 i!.) no MepaM B 06naCTH

H CC/leiJoBaHue M(fJK np06/leM uHBecmupoBaHU51 B

'IaCmHble 60/lbHU4bl) .

pafiOTHHKOB cTpaH-KnHeHTOB, OTBeTcTBeHHblx 3a 1P0pMHpOBaHHe nonHTHKH B clPepe 3nH. UeHTp ofiYlIeHH5I H nHnepCTBa EaHKa 3aHHMaeTC51 nOBblweHHeM KBanHIPHKaUHH cOTpynHHKoB EaHKa. rpynna 3nH, .SIBn.SllOlua.SlC.SI lIaCTblO Ofi'benHHeHH.SI cneUHanHCTOB EaHKa B ofinaCTH pa3BHTH.SI COUHanbHblX pecypcoB, fiblna C03naHa B 1996 r. H B03rnaBHna pafioTY no ynpaBneHHIO HHlPopMaUHeH B ofinaCTH 3nH. Bce TpH rpynnbl Hcnonb3YlOT pa3BHBalOT :)neKTpOHHble TeXHonorHH H napTHepcTBo nn.Sl MaKCHMH3aUHH :)lPlPeKTHBHoCTH CBoeH pafioTbl.

OnepaUHOHHbie HCCnenOBaHH5I H aHanH3 B 1996 IPHHaHcoBoM rony Ha MCpOnpH5ITH5I B ofinaCTH 3nH fiblno Hcnonb30BaHO OKono 20 MnH. nonn.CIIIA H3 nOliTH 80 MHnnHOHOB, BblneneHHblX Ha nporpaMMY cneUHanbHblX rpaHTOB (ncr) EaHKa. HenaBHHe nporpaMMbl no BonpocaM 3nH, KOTopble fiblnH nonnep)KaHbl :nOH nporpaMMoH, BKnlOlialOT B cefi.Sl CneUHanbHYIO nporpaMMY HccnenoBaHHH, pa3BHTH.SI H ofiYlIeHH.SI no BonpocaM BocnpoH3BoncTBa HaCeneHH.SI, nporpaMMY HccnenOBaHHH TponHlIecKHx fione3HeH B03tnP OOHIBceMHpHoro EaHKa, Me)KnYHaponHYIO nporpaMMY no nonHTHKe B 3npaBooxpaHeHH.SI, I-bYlIeHHe B03 ofinaCTH MenHUHHCKHX HccnenoBaHHH H r nofianbHYIO HHHUHaTHBY no MHKponHTaTenbHblM BellleCTBaM.

OCHOBHOH

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KypC

TeMe

PerjJ0pMupoBaHue U ycmoul/uBoe rjJuHaHcupoBaHue 30paBooXpaHeHUJI, nonroToBneHHblH oceHblO 1997

Ofi'benHHeHHeM cneUHanHCTOB EaHKa B ofinaCTH COUHanbHblX pecypcoB H cOTpynHHKaMH H3P npH coneHCTBHH weCTH perHOHanbHblX HHCTHTYTOB napTHepoB, CKOHueHTpHpOBaH Ha Bonpocax :)KOHOMHKH, nonHTHlieCKOH :)KOHOMHH H HHCTHTYUHOHanbHblX npofineMax, 3aHHMalOlllHX ueHTpanbHoe MeCTO B pelPopMax oTpacnH 3nH. 3a npOlUenUIHe nsa rona B paMKax HenenbHoro nOBbllUeHH.SI KBanHIPHKaUHH cOTpynHHKoB EaHKa, npoBonHMoro UeHTpOM ofiYlleHH.SI, fiblna npOBeneHa HHTeHCHBHa.Sl nonrOTOBKa C ynopoM Ha Ba)KHeHIUHe Bonpocbl oTpacnH 3nH.

B nocnenHee BpeM.SI Ha HccnenOBaHH.SI H aHanH3 npofineM B ofinaCTH 3nH B KOHKpeTHblX cTpaHax e)KerOnHO Bblnen.SleTC.SI H3 cpencTB 3aHMOB H KpenHToB, npenOCTaBn.SleMblX EaHKoM, 50-75 MnH. nonn . CIIIA, liTO COCTaBn.SleT 5-6% OT Bcero Ofi'beMa KpenHTOBaHH.SI, .SIBn.Sl.SlCb KpynHblM HCTOllHHKOM IPHHaHcHpOBaHH.SI HccnenOBaTenbCKHX pafioT B ofinaCTH 3nH, npoBOnHMblX B cTpaHax-KnHeHTax.

B cOCTaB OTnena EaHKa no CTpaTerHlIeCKHM HccnenOBaHH.SIM BXOil.SlT HeCKonbKO CneUHaflHCTOB no BonpocaM 3TIH. 3a nocnenHHe ronbl :)TOT OTnen npoBen PM HccnenoBaHHH B ofinaCTH 3nH, H3pacXOnOBaB OKono 1,1 MnH.nonn.CIIIA HnH 8% ofilllero filOn)KeTa Ha HccnenOBaHH.SI, paBHOrO 14,5 MnH.nonn.CIIIA. OnHoH H3 nocnenHHX KpynHblx pafioT, KOTOPOH 3aHHManC.SI :)TOT OTnen, fiblna nonrOTOBKa nOKnana no CflH/Jy U BonpocaM pa3Bumu51. HccnenoBaTenbcKHH COBeT TaK)Ke OKa3bIBaeT nOnnep)KKY npOBeneHHIO HccnenOBaHHH B ofinaCTH 3nH Ha KOHKypCHOH OCHOBe.

Me)KnYHaponHble KOHlPepeHUHH H HaYllHble ceMHHapbl, opraHH3yeMbie EaHKoM H JlPyrHMH opraHH3aUH.R:MH, TaKJKe COJleHcTBYIOT nOBbllUeHHIO KBanHIPHKaUHH cOTpynHHKoB EaHKa H cTpaH-KnHeHToB. EaHK npHH.SIn YliaCTHe BO BceMHpHoM COBelllaHHH no BonpocaM neTCTBa, npoBonHMoM K.)HHCE<I> B 1990 B HblO-HopKe, B Me)KnYHapOnHOH napTHepcKoH BCTpelie no oxpaHe MaTepHHcTBa B BallIHHITOHe, oKpyr KonYMfiH.SI, B 1991, B Me)KnYHaponHoH KOH«PepeHuHH no BonpocaM HapOnoHaCeneHH.SI H pa3BHTH.SI B KaHpe B 1994, BO BceMHpHoH KOHlPepeHUHH no BonpocaM )KeHlllHH B ileKHHe B 1995 H B Me)KnYHaponHoH KOHlPepeHUHH no BonpocaM paHHero MaTepHHCTBa B ATnaHTe B 1996. TaK)Ke B 1997 r. EaHK opraHH30Ban H npOBen Me)KnYHaponHYIO KOHlPepeHUHIO no IPHHaHcHpoBaHHIO 3npaBooxpaHeHH.SI B BaIUHHITOHe, oKpyr KonYMfiH.SI.

H3YlIeHHe Me)KnYHaponHoro onblTa HHCTHTYT 3KOHOMHlIeCKoro Pa3BHTH.SI EaHKa (H3P) OKa3blBaeT ycnyrH no ofiYlIeHHIO H npOBonHT ceMHHapbl M.SI npaBHTenbCTBeHHblX

npe06pa30BaHH.sIM B c$epe 3nH.

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1996 cpHHaHcoBoro

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ceMbH

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1970

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KOTOPOM

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100

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1970

1996

1970

1996

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1976 rouy nepBblH 3aeM Ha uenH 06eCnelJeHHjf

rOilY 110 1,5 Mnpll.llonn.CIllA B 1997 q,HHaHcoBoM rOilY. B TelJeHHe cnellYIOlllHx TpeX neT POCT KpellHTHoro nopTq,enji nOBnelJeT 3a C060H POCT B paCXOIlOBaHHH 3aeMHbIX cpellCTB 110 ypOBHjI, OTMeTKY B 1 HaMHoro npeBbIlllaIOmero Mnpll.1l0nn.CIllA. B KpellHTHoM nopTq,ene 3nH cymeCTBYIOT 60nbillHe perHoHanbHble pa3nHlJHjI (CM.npHnO)KeHHe G no perHOHaM EaHKa). PerHoHbI naTHHcKoH AMepHKH H KapH6cKoro 6acceHHa H IO)KHOH A3HH jlBn~HCb KpynHeHlllHMH nonb30BaTenjlMH q,HHaHcHpOBaHHjI cq,epbI 3nH, a H3 cTpaH KpynHeHlllHM KnHeHTOM EaHKa B 3TOH 06naCTH jlBnjleTCjI HHIlHjI. BCTynneHHe B EaHK cTpaH perHoHa EBponbI H UeHTpaJIbHOH A3HH B HalJaJIe 1990-x rr. npHBeno K llanbHeHllleMY paclllHpeHHIO 06j13aTenbcTB EaHKa. TaK)Ke He06xollHMbI H HOBble nOIlXOllbI JlJIjI npellOTBpameHHjI nalleHHjI ypOBHjI KpellHTOBaHHR B HeKOTopbIX IlpyrHx perHOHax, BKnIOlJajl KHTaH, KOTOPbIH 60nee He MO)KeT nonYlJaTb KpellHTbI

HaceneHIUl npOIlOBOnbCTBHeM 6bln BbIlleneH Epa3HnHH, a B 1981 rOilY TYHHC CTan nepBoH cTpaHoH, nonYlJHBllleH 3aeM Ha paclllHpeHHe OCHOBHbIX ycnyr 3IlpaBOOXpaHeHHjI. B KOHue 1996 q,HHaHcoBoro rOlla HaClJHTbIBaJIOCb 154 lleHcTBYIOmHx npoeKToB B oTpacnH 3nH B 82 CTpaHax C 06mHM ypoBHeM q,HHaHcHpOBaHHjI B 9,2 Mnpll.1l0nn.CIllA (ueHbI 1996) H 94 3aBepllleHHblx npoeKTa (CM. npHnO)KeHHe G. ):{eHCTBYIOmHe H 6YIlymHe npoeKTbI, q,HHaHcHpyeMble EaHKoMlMAP). C 1994 110 1996 rr. q,HHaHcoBoro rOlla OKono 48% q,HHaHcHpOBaHHjI EaHKa COCTaBnjlnH KpellHTbI MAP, npellOCTaBnjleMble 6ellHeHlllHM cTpaHaM MHpa. 06IUHH 06neM HHocTpaHHoH nOMOIUH oTpacnH 3nH 3a nepHoll C 1985 no 1993 rOlla COCTaBHn OKono 2 Mnpll.llonn.CIllA e)KerOIlHO B ueHax 1996 (3a HCKnIOlJeHHeM 3aHMOB EaHKa). XOTjI 3a nocnellHHe 10 neT pa3Mep KpellHTHoro nopTq,enji B 06naCTH 3nH pOC 6bICTPbIMH TeMnaMH, Ha6nIOIlaJIHCb 3HalJHTenbHble Kone6aHHjI B ypOBHjlX e)KerOIlHOro q,HHaHcHpOBaHHjI. 1996 q,HHaHcoBbIH rOil 6bln peKopllHo BbICOKHM C ypoBHeM B 2,4 Mnpll,1l0nn.CIllA HOBoro q,HHaHcHpOBaHHjI no cpaBHeHHIO C 1,1 Mnpll.llonn.CIllA B 1995 q,HHaHcoBoM rOilY H 0,9 Mnpll.llonn.CIllA B 1997 q,HHaHcoBoM roilY. 3aMeTHbIH POCT q,HHaHCHpOBaHHjI B 1996 q,HHaHcoBoM rOilY njITH npoH30111en, 6narollapjl YTBep)KlleHHIO KpynHhlx 3aHMOB B pa3Mepe OT 270 MnH. J].onn. CIllA J].O 350 MnH. Ilonn. CIllA, no cpaBHeHHIO co cpellHHM pa3MepoM 3aHMa B 50-60 MnH. 1l0nn. CIllA Ha npoeKT B 06naCTH 3nH H cpellHHM pa3MepoM 3aHMa EaHKa B 80 MnH. Ilonn. CIllA.

MAP. Pe3ynbTaTbI pa60TbI EaHKa B oTpacnH 3nH npellblJlymaji nonHTHKa, peKoMeHllaUHH H KpellHToBaHHe oTpacnH 3nH B OCHOBHOM 6blnH cocpellOTOlJeHbI Ha YKpenneHHH OCHOBHbIX nporpaMM 3nH B cTpaHaX~KfliHeHTax. Bo MHorHX cnYlJajlx peq,opMbI B oTpacnH 3nH llaBallH nOnO)KHTenbHble pe3ynbTaTbI TonbKO lJepe3 HeCKonbKO neT nocne npOBelleHHjI onpelleneHHbIX MepOnpHjlTHH. nOCTOpOHHHe q,aKTopbI TaK)Ke OKa3hIBaJIH CBoe BnHjlHHe. B CBjl3H C 3THM 6hInO 3aTpYllHeHO onpelleneHHe npHlJHHHOH CBjl3H 3nH, Me)KIlY ynYlJllleHHjlMH B cq,epe npOH30111elllllHMH 3a nocnellHHe 20 neT, H npOBelleHHbIMH KOHcynbTaUHjlMH H HHBeCTHUHjlMH EaHKa.

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