A Brief Word From The Editor
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Benton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 221,339, making it the secondmost populous county in Arkansas. The county seat is Bentonville. The county was formed on 30 September 1836 and was named after Thomas Hart Benton, a U.S. Senator from Missouri. In 2012, Benton County voters elected to make the county wet, or a non-alcohol prohibition location. Benton County is part of the Fayetteville–Springdale– Rogers, AR-MO Metropolitan Statistical Area. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 884 square miles (2,290 km2), of which 847 square miles (2,190 km2) is land and 37 square miles (96 km2) (4.1%) is water. Most of the water is in Beaver Lake. Adjacent counties • • • • • •
Barry County, Missouri (north) Carroll County (east) Madison County (southeast) Washington County (south) Adair County, Oklahoma (southwest) Delaware County,
•
Oklahoma (west) McDonald County, Missouri (northwest)
county. Demographics
As of the 2000 United States Census, there were 153,406 • Logan Cave National people, 58,212 households, Wildlife Refuge and 43,484 families residing • Ozark National Forest in the county. The population (part) density was 181 people per • Pea Ridge National square mile (70/km²). There Military Park were 64,281 housing units at an average density of 76 per square mile (29/km²). The Transportation racial makeup of the county was 90.87% White, 0.41% Major highways Black or African American, • Interstate 49 1.65% Native American, • U.S. Highway 62 1.09% Asian, 0.08% Pacific • U.S. Highway 71 Islander, 4.08% from other • U.S. Highway 412 races, and 1.82% from two • Highway 12 or more races. 8.78% of the • Highway 16 population were Hispanic or • Highway 43 Latino of any race. • Highway 59 As of 2005 Benton County’s • Highway 72 population was 81.7% non• Highway 94 Hispanic white, while the • Highway 102 percentage of Latinos grew by The historic Trail of Tears is 60 percent in the time period. on US highways 62 and 71, Latinos are attracted to the connects with another US route growth of light industrial 412 in nearby Washington jobs, home construction and County. service sector in the county. 1.1% of the population was Airport African-American (perhaps The Northwest Arkansas the lowest in all of Arkansas); Regional Airport is located 1.6% was Native American near Highfill. (the historical presence of the Cherokee Indians live in close proximity to Oklahoma); 1.7% Rail The Arkansas and Missouri was Asian (there was a large Railroad parallels US influx of Filipinos, Vietnamese Highways 62 and 71 in the and South Asian immigrants National protected areas
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arrived in recent decades) and 0.2% of the population was Pacific Islander. 1.6% reported two or more races, usually not black-white due to a minuscule African-American population. And 12.8% was Latino, but the United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce believed the official estimate is underreported and Latinos could well be 20 percent of the population. There were 58,212 households out of which 34.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.00% were married couples living together, 8.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.30% were non-families. 21.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.01. In the county the population was spread out with 26.60% under the age of 18, 8.60% from 18 to 24, 29.40% from 25 to 44, 21.10% from 45 to 64, and 14.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 97.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.90 males. The median income for a World Views Guides
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household in the county was $40,281, and the median income for a family was $45,235. Males had a median income of $30,327 versus $22,469 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,377. About 7.30% of families and 10.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.80% of those under age 18 and 7.30% of those age 65 or over.
Communities Cities
• Bella Vista • Bentonville • Bethel Heights • Cave Springs • Centerton • Decatur • Elm Springs • Gentry • Gravette • Little Flock As of census 2010 the county • Lowell population was 221,339. The • Pea Ridge racial makeup of the county • Rogers was 76.18% Non-Hispanic • Siloam Springs white, 1.27% black, 1.69% • Springdale (mostly in Native American, 2.85% Washington County) Asian, 0.30% Pacific Islander, • Sulphur Springs 0.10% Non-Hispanics of • War Eagle some other race, 1.93% NonHispanics reporting two Towns or more races and 15.49% • Avoca Hispanic or Latino. • Garfield • Gateway Economy • Highfill • Wal-Mart corporate • Springtown headquarters is located in Bentonville. Census-designated places • Daisy Outdoor Products, (CDPs) known for its air rifles, is • Hiwasse headquartered in Rogers. • Lost Bridge Village • JB Hunt Transport Services corporate Townships headquarters is located in Townships in Arkansas are Lowell. • Tyson Foods, based the divisions of a county. township includes in nearby Springdale, has a Each distribution center located in unincorporated areas; some may have incorporated cities Rogers. or towns within part of
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their boundaries. Arkansas townships have limited purposes in modern times. However, the United States Census does list Arkansas population based on townships (sometimes referred to as “county subdivisions” or “minor civil divisions”). Townships are also of value for historical purposes in terms of genealogical research. Each town or city is within one or more townships in an Arkansas county based on census maps and publications. The townships of Benton County are listed below; listed in parentheses are the cities, towns, and/or censusdesignated places that are fully or partially inside the township. Bella Vista is a city in Benton County, Arkansas. First established in 1965 as a summer resort town, the community evolved into a retirement community, and continues to change following incorporation in 2006.The city’s struggle with incorporation began in 1977 and periodically returned as the community grew rapidly. Following the change, municipal government replaced the Property Owners Association as primary government; entering a new era for Bella Vista. The community is located on the Springfield Plateau of the Ozark Mountains; it is
these valleys, creeks, and steep rises that characterize the city’s topography. Bella Vista is located north of Bentonville and Rogers, and is the northernmost municipality of the Northwest Arkansas metropolitan statistical area in the state. The city has been experiencing a population and building boom in recent years, as indicated by a 60% growth in population between the 2000 and 2010 censuses. The rapid growth of Northwest Arkansas, including Bella Vista, has expedited the need for a fully controlled access highway in the area. Bella Vista is the northern terminus of Interstate 540 (I-540) and southern terminus of I-49. The gap between the routes is currently served by US Highway 71 (US 71), a divided freeway, leading to congestion and delays for through traffic as well as local traffic in Bella Vista. The Bella Vista Bypass, a two-lane freeway ultimately planned to connect I-49 and I-540, is currently under construction to the city’s west. Recreation Bella Vista has seven lakes. These lakes are not “public” in that only members of the community or their guests are permitted to use them. Lake Ann, Lake Windsor, and Lake Loch Lomond are
the largest all-sports lakes in the town. Lake Avalon, Lake Norwood, and Lake Rayburn are primarily fishing lakes with “no wake” restrictions. Current POA boat permits are required as are Arkansas fishing licenses, when fishing Bella Vista lakes. • Lake Ann is an all-water sport lake with 112.5 acres (0.455 km2) of surface area. Because it is 53.5 feet (16.3 m) deep with no power limit, water skiing is allowed on Lake Ann. • Lake Windsor is the second largest of the lakes, covering 220 acres (0.89 km2) with a maximum depth of 79.5 feet (24.2 m). Lake Windsor is also an unlimited power lake, and water skiing is allowed. • Loch Lomond is the largest of all the lakes in the city. It is 80 feet (24 m) deep and covers 477 acres (1.93 km2). There is no power limit, skiing is allowed, and boat rental is offered. • Lake Avalon is a limitedpower lake that features an enclosed, heated fishing dock located off Tamworth Circle. This lake covers 67 acres (270,000 m2) and is 50 feet (15 m) deep. • Lake Brittany is 77 feet (23 m) deep, has a 35-acre (140,000 m2) surface area and is a limited-power lake. Although there is currently no World Views Guides | June 2014
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launching ramp, the terrain is suitable for launching. • Lake Norwood, located just north of Bella Vista’s Town Center, has 34.5 acres (140,000 m2) of surface area and is 75 feet (23 m) deep. The Lake Norwood launching ramp is located north of Harp’s Food Store in Town Center. This is a limited-power lake. • Lake Rayburn is 60 feet (18 m) deep and has a 47-acre (190,000 m2) surface area. This lake has limited power regulations. It also features a designated swimming area and a launching ramp that is accessible from Lakeside Drive. Bella Vista Lake has a 1.8-milelong (2.9 km) walking/biking trail that goes around the lake. (The trail, however, is actually maintained by the city of Bentonville.) Tanyard Creek is the site of another walking trail off Lake Windsor in the center of the village. It has a footbridge and some waterfalls except during dry times. Geography Bella Vista is located in northern Benton County at 36°28’8” North, 94°16’7” West (36.4691, -94.2687). Its northern border is the Missouri state line. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 45.9 square miles (118.9 World Views Guides
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km2), of which 44.2 square miles (114.6 km2) is land and 1.6 square miles (4.2 km2) is water, consisting mainly of the several lakes within the city. Demographics Historical population Census Pop. %± 1980 2,589 — 1990 9,083 250.8% 2000 16,582 82.6% 2010 26,461 59.6%
As of the census of 2000, there were 16,582 people, 7,818 households, and 6,004 families residing in the community, which at the time was recorded as a census-designated place (CDP). The population density was 252.8 inhabitants per square mile (97.6/km²). There are 8,854 housing units at an average density of 135.0 per square mile (52.1/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.87% White, 0.18% Black or African American, 0.69% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.20% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.01% of the population. There were 7,818 households out of which 13.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.4% are married couples living together, 3.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.2% were non-families. 20.5% of all households were made up
of individuals and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.38. In the CDP the population was spread out with 12.3% under the age of 18, 3.0% from 18 to 24, 16.4% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 41.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 61 years. For every 100 females there were 92.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.9 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $44,090, and the median income for a family was $48,233. Males had a median income of $34,547 versus $24,690 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $25,406. About 1.5% of families and 2.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.7% of those under the age of 18 and 1.0% of those 65 and older. Government Bella Vista’s Declarations and Protective Covenants is the “rule book” that governs the village. The Property Owners Association must follow this “rule book” composed of various articles. There are Class A and Class B members of Bella Vista Village. Class
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B refers to Cooper Industries, Inc., the land developer, who gets 10 votes per lot owned and Class A refers to lot private lot purchasers who receive one vote per lot owned. Cooper Industries now owns too few lots to sway the vote. Both Class A and class B members must approve a vote before it is binding.
$8,700 vehicle fire. Infrastructure The POA provides water and sanitation (trash pick-up) service to Bella Vista residents. There also are two semiannual pick ups of large items. Carroll Electric Cooperative provides electricity for Bella Vista residents. Phone service is provided by AT&T, and cable television is provided by Cox Communications. Village Waste Water provides sewer service to portions of Bella Vista.
The POA is governed by a nine-member Board of Directors who serve three-year terms. They set the direction and long-term objectives for the POA guided by the village’s declarations and protective covenants. The Economy day-to-day activity of the Travel to Bella Vista and the POA is directed by its general surrounding areas increases manager, with division heads greatly in the summertime. and site managers responsible for the various departments Education and facilities throughout the There are two school districts village. serving the village. On the east Recently, the Village members side is the Bentonville School have voted to incorporate as District, and on the west side an official city. The POA still is Gravette School District. remains intact to service the Also serving the village is recreational amenities, but a private preschool, Bella the City of Bella Vista has Vista Montessori Academy. now assumed many of the New to the village is Cooper functional and infrastructure Elementary, part of the responsibilities. Bentonville District. It serves school to half of Bella Vista’s Public safety K-4 population. The Bella Vista Fire Department Northwest Arkansas logged 454 incidents in 2005. Community College is also Total fire loss for 2005 in Bella part of the community, with Vista was $216,700, due to a its main branch in Bentonville $208,000 building fire and an
near I-540 and its “College at the Crossing” and “Highlands Crossing Center” located in Bella Vista. Transportation Infrastructure issues currently exist for Bella Vista, where traffic levels are quickly increasing. Google provides a map showing the spur route Interstate 540 in Arkansas and the Interstate-standard US 71 in Missouri, which will eventually connect to become part of a long-planned future Interstate 49. Some locals refer to this as a western bypass or bypass of the current US 71 that runs through Bella Vista. Many in Arkansas and Missouri, especially truckers, are desperate to see the highway fully connected and flowing due to current traffic congestion. On April 13, 2006, the Arkansas Highway Commission approved the use of tolls to finance construction. Construction of the Bella Vista Bypass began on June 8, 2011. Notable people • Donna Hutchinson, member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from 2007 to 2013 • Jim Sheets, member of the Arkansas House from 1967 to 1968
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Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 27,446. The county has two county seats, Berryville and Eureka Springs. Carroll County is Arkansas’s 26th county, formed on November 1, 1833, and named after Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signer of the United States Declaration of Independence.
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•
• • • 2.
0.88% Native American, 0.41% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 3.34% from other races, and 1.55% from two or more races. 9.74% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 10.03% reported speaking Spanish at home . and
Boone County (east) Newton County (southeast) Madison County (south) Benton County (west) Barry County, Missouri (northwest) Government politics
Politically, Carroll County is a Republican stronghold in a historically Democratic state (55% - 45%). It is included in the Arkansas Third 1. Geography Congressional District, According to the U.S. Census which has had Republican Bureau, the county has a total representation since 1967. area of 639 square miles (1,660 km2), of which 630 square The Eastern District (Berryville miles (1,600 km2) is land and and Green Forest) is heavily 8.7 square miles (23 km2) Republican. The Western District (Eureka Springs and (1.4%) is water. Beaver) tilts Democratic despite the fact that Holiday 1. Major highways Island, a community with a • U.S. Highway 62 large percentage of relocated • U.S. Route 62 Spur snowbirds in the Western • U.S. Highway 412 District, is overwhelmingly • Arkansas Highway 21 Republican. • Arkansas Highway 23 • Arkansas Highway 103 As of the 2000 United States • Arkansas Highway 143 Census, there were 25,357 • Arkansas Highway 187 people, 10,189 households, • Arkansas Highway 221 and 7,111 families residing in • Arkansas Highway 311 the county. The population • Arkansas Highway 980 density was 40 people per square mile (16/km²). There were 11,828 housing units 2. Adjacent counties at an average density of 19 • Stone County, Missouri per square mile (7/km²). The (north) racial makeup of the county • Taney County, Missouri was 93.63% White, 0.11% (northeast) Black or African American, World Views Guides
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There were 10,189 households out of which 29.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.10% were married couples living together, 8.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.20% were non-families. 25.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.93. In the county the population was spread out with 24.00% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 26.20% from 25 to 44, 26.00% from 45 to 64, and 15.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.30 males. The median income for a household in the county was $27,924, and the median income for a family was $33,218. Males had a median
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income of $21,896 versus $18,159 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,003. About 11.00% of families and 15.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.70% of those under age 18 and 13.60% of those age 65 or over. 3.
Communities 1.
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Berryville Eureka Springs Green Forest
2. • • • • 3.
Cities
Towns Alpena Beaver Blue Eye Oak Grove
Unincorporated community •
Carrollton
4.
Townships
Townships in Arkansas are the divisions of a county. Each township includes unincorporated areas; some may have incorporated cities or towns within part of their boundaries. Arkansas townships have limited purposes in modern times. However, the United States Census does list Arkansas population based World Views Guides
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on townships (sometimes referred to as “county subdivisions” or “minor civil divisions”). Townships are also of value for historical purposes in terms of genealogical research. Each town or city is within one or more townships in an Arkansas county based on census maps and publications. The townships of Carroll County are listed below; listed in parentheses are the cities, towns, and/ or census-designated places that are fully or partially inside the township.
primarily constructed of local stone and lie along streets that curve around the hills and rise and fall with the topography in a five-mile long loop. Some buildings have street-level entrances on more than one floor. Eureka Springs has been selected as one of America’s Distinctive Destinations by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Eureka Springs has historically been called “The Little Switzerland of America” and “The Stairstep Town” because of its mountainous terrain and the winding, up-and-down paths of its streets and walkways. The streets wind around the Eureka Springs is a city in town, and no two intersect at Carroll County, Arkansas, a 90 degree angle; there are no United States, and one of two traffic lights. county seats for the county. It is located in the Ozark Mountains Native American legends tell of northwest Arkansas. As of a Great Healing Spring in of the 2010 census, the city the Eureka Springs area, and population was 2,073. The various cultures visited the entire city is on the National springs for this sacred purpose. Register of Historic Places as The European Americans were the Eureka Springs Historic another culture to consider District, and a popular tourist the springs to have healing destination. powers. After the Europeans Eureka Springs is a unique arrived, they described the Victorian resort village. The waters of the springs as magical powers. city has steep winding streets having filled with Victorian-style Within a short time in the late cottages and manors. The old nineteenth century, Eureka commercial section of the Springs was transformed city has an alpine character, into a flourishing city, spa, with an extensive streetscape and tourist destination. Dr. of well-preserved Victorian Alvah Jackson was credited in buildings. The buildings are American history with locating
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the spring and in 1856 claimed that the waters of Basin Spring had cured his eye ailments. Dr. Jackson established a hospital in a local cave during the Civil War and used the waters from Basin Spring to treat his patients. After the war, Jackson marketed the spring waters as “Dr. Jackson’s Eye Water”. The Ozarka Water Company was later formed in Eureka Springs in 1905. In 1879 Judge J.B. Saunders, a friend of Jackson, claimed that his crippling disease was cured by the spring waters. Saunders started promoting Eureka Springs to friends and family members across the state and created a boomtown. Within a period of little more than one year, the city grew from a rural spa village to a major city.
the town as a retirement community for the wealthy. Eureka Springs soon became known for gracious living and a wealthy lifestyle. Carrie Nation moved here towards the end of her life and founded Hatchet Hall on Steele Street, later operated as a museum, but now closed. The only bank robbery to occur in Eureka Springs was on September 27, 1922, when five outlaws from Oklahoma tried to rob the First National Bank. Three of the men were killed and two others wounded.
In 1967, the famous 7-story Christ of the Ozarks Statue was built, and a year later, The Great Passion Play began. The play became America’s #1 attended outdoor drama bringing in at least 7.6 million On February 14, 1880, Eureka tourists to the area since its Springs was incorporated as inception. a city. Thousands of visitors came to the springs based In 1980, the architect E. Fay on Saunders’ promotion and Jones designed Thorncrown covered the area with tents Chapel. It won design awards and shanties. In 1881, Eureka at the time and in 2006 was Springs enjoyed the status of selected for the “Twenty-five Arkansas’s fourth largest city, Year Award” by the American and in 1889 it was the second Institute of Architects, which largest city, behind Little Rock. recognizes structures that have had significant influence on After his term as a the profession. Because of the Reconstruction governor, special nature and quality of Powell Clayton moved to its architecture, the chapel was the heavily Unionist Eureka listed on the National Register Springs and began promoting of Historic Places in 2000. the city and its commercial interests. Clayton promoted World Views Guides
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1.
Victorian architecture
era
In 1882, the Eureka Improvement Company was formed to attract a railroad to the city. With the completion of the railroad, Eureka Springs established itself as a vacation resort. In only two years, thousands of homes and commercial enterprises were constructed. The Crescent Hotel was built in 1886 and the Basin Park Hotel in 1905. These many Victorian buildings have been well preserved, forming a coherent streetscape that has been recognized for its quality. In 1891, the Queen Anne Mansion was built in Carthage, Missouri, by Curtis Wright, a Union veteran of the Civil War. Wright came to the area in 1888 to mine the lead and zinc deposits, before eventually starting the Carthage Stone Company to gather limestone from a local quarry. Wright was the owner of a large furniture factory in Indiana, and came to Carthage as part of a sixmonth tour of the Midwest to find a place to relocate his family. When Wright saw the wealth potential in the area, he wrote to his wife, promising to build her “the biggest house in Carthage” if she would agree to the move. The 29room mansion is an example of Queen Anne architecture. Curtis Wright eventually lost
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his fortune and gave up the home to pay taxes. The mansion passed through several owners before being dismantled piece by piece and moved to Eureka Springs by Ron and Mary Evans of Kansas City, Missouri, in 1984. The Evanses made extensive renovations and ran the property as a bed and breakfast until 2005, when they sold the property to Steve and Lata Lovell of Chicago. The Lovells turned the mansion into a museum in May 2011, and in November 2012 they announced that the mansion would be sold as a time shared private residence.
(36.403068, -93.738450). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.9 square miles (17.9 km2), of which 6.8 square miles (17.5 km2) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.4 km2), or 2.02%, is water. The center of the city is in a narrow valley at the headwaters of Leatherwood Creek, a northflowing tributary of the White River. Houses and streets climb both sides of the valley to the surrounding ridgecrests. U.S. Route 62 runs along a ridgecrest through the southern part of the city and leads east 11 miles (18 km) to Berryville and west 34 miles (55 km) to Rogers. Arkansas Highway 5. Geography 23 is Main Street through the Eureka Springs is located center of Eureka Springs and in western Carroll County leads north 11 miles (18 km) at 36°24′11″N 93°44′18″W Month Record high °F (°C) Average high °F (°C) Average low °F (°C) Record low °F (°C) Precipitation
inches (mm) Snowfall inches (cm) Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.1 in)
to the Missouri state line. The city was originally founded when the springs at this location were more evident. Over-extraction of water from the springs has greatly diminished their flow rates. All springs in the town are cold-water springs, and there are more than 140 of them. 1.
Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Eureka Springs has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated “Cfa” on climate maps.
[Climate data for Eureka Springs, Arkansas (1981–2010 normals) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov 78 81 88 96 93 101 106 105 105 91 86 (26) (27) (31) (36) (34) (38) (41) (41) (41) (33) (30) 46.7 61.6 71.7 77.5 84.0 81.0 59.1 51.9 88.9 89.5 69.1 (8.2) (16.4) (22.1) (25.3) (28.9) (27.2) (15.1) 39.6 48.7 56.8 64.4 60.2 49.2 40.4 28.1 31.7 68.9 67.9 (4.2) (9.3) (13.8) (18) (15.7) (9.6) (4.7) −14 −8 2 21 35 46 51 47 34 19 7 (−26) (−22) (−17) (−6) (2) (8) (11) (8) (1) (−7) (−14)
−15 (−26)
2.64 2.88
4.39
4.39
5.10
4.34
3.58 3.27
4.61
3.46
3.43
3.8 (9.7)
4.4
2.6 (6.6)
0.1 (0.3)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0 (0)
0.1 0.3 2.6 (0.3) (0.8) (6.6)
7.1
8.0
9.9
9.9
11.8
10.2
8.2
7.4
8.1
6.5
8.4
8.2
103.6
2.4
2.6
0.9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
2.0
8.2
World Views Guides
Source #1: NOAA Source #2: The Weather Channel
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4.31
Dec 76 (24) 48.0 (8.9) 30.1
Year 106 (41) 69.1 (20.6) 48.8 (9.3) −15 (−26) 46.41 (1,178.8) 13.8 (35.1)
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6.
Demographics
Historical population Census Pop. %± 1880 3,984 — 1890 3,706 −7.0% 1900 3,572 −3.6% 1910 3,228 −9.6% 1920 2,429 −24.8% 1930 2,276 −6.3% 1940 1,770 −22.2% 1950 1,958 10.6% 1960 1,437 −26.6% 1970 1,670 16.2% 1980 1,989 19.1% 1990 1,900 −4.5% 2000 2,278 19.9% 2010 2,073 −9.0%
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,278 people, 1,119 households, and 569 families residing in the city. The population density was 336.2 people per square mile (129.7/km²). There were 1,301 housing units at an average density of 192.0 per square mile (74.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 93.94% White, 0.04% Black or African American, 0.70% Native American, 0.79% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 2.28% from other races, and 2.15% from two or more races. 3.99% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
U.S. Decennial Census
54 are unmarried partner households: 36 heterosexual, 10 same-sex male, and 8 samesex female households. 41.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.97 and the average family size was 2.64.
capita income for the city was $18,439. About 4.4% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.
In the city the population was spread out with 17.2% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 24.4% from 25 to 44, 33.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females there There are 1,119 households, were 81.8 males. For every of which 19.2% have children 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.2 males. under the age of 18 living with them, 37.4% were married The median income for a couples living together, 10.9% household in the city was had a female householder with $25,547, and the median no husband present, and 49.1% income for a family was are classified as non-families $40,341. Males had a median by the United States Census income of $27,188 versus Bureau. Of 1,119 households, $17,161 for females. The per
The community is supported by comprehensive public education from the Eureka Springs School District and its facilities:
7. 1.
Education
Public education
Eureka Springs High School (9–12) • Eureka Springs Middle School (5–8) Eureka Springs • Elementary School (PK–4) •
2.
Private education
Private school education is provided at: •
Clear Spring (PK–12)
School
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•
The Academy Excellence (PK–8)
of
Eureka Springs hosts a variety of events throughout the year. May Festival of the Arts is an annual month-long celebration of the arts in Eureka Springs. Events include the ArtRageous Parade, White Street Walk, Gallery Strolls, Taste of Art: A Visual Feast at local restaurants, Bank on Art at local banks, artist receptions, special events and exhibits, and lots of free music in Basin Park. 2013 marked the opening of the Eureka Springs Music Park: an interactive sound sculpture experience, in the North Main Park.
event was November 8 to 11.
The Eureka Gras Mardi Gras Extravaganza was introduced in 2006 to kick off the Event Season with a New Orleansstyle Mardi Gras celebration, complete with parades, floats, and masquerade balls. King’s Day, in January, begins the celebration, which ends on the The town is also a destination day of Mardi Gras, in February for tourists visiting various or March. attractions, including the Little Blues, jazz, folk, and classical Portion Hermitage, founded by John Michael Talbot. music are each celebrated,
with a weekend dedicated to the particular genre each year. Each summer, Opera in the Ozarks presents full operatic productions with orchestra and a cast of pre-professional students. The Great Passion Play is performed from May through Eureka Springs is home to October in Eureka Springs. the Writers’ Colony at Dairy The Play has been performed Hollow. It is the only writer/ in Eureka Springs, Arkansas artist residency colony in the since July 15, 1968. The Play, world to recognize culinary art depicting Jesus Christ’s last as a legitimate literary genre, days on earth is performed The Colony has a dedicated by 170 actors and actresses as culinary suite and hosts well as dozens of live animals . workshops, cooking classes, Eureka Springs locals make up open readings and theatrical the bulk of the cast. The Great performances year-round. Passion Play is also home to A well-attended poetry festival the Christ of the Ozarks statue, is held each year. There is a 7-story monumental statue extensive local theater, with that overlooks the downtown many productions held at the district. large stone auditorium, built The Eureka Springs Food & Wine Festival is an annual fall event featuring fine cuisine and international wines. The 2012 World Views Guides
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and lesbian events called “Diversity Weekends”. The city also boasts an annual UFO conference and several auto shows, including a Mustang show in April, a Corvette show during the first weekend in October, and a Volkswagen show is held in August.
Every weekend during the season, Basin Park hosts Music in the Park, an opportunity for live music and festivities. On Sunday evenings, in Basin Park, a feature film is shown, preceded by live musical entertainment. Beginning in October 2013, Eureka Springs will inaugurate a projected annual Halloween Festival. The town is already famous for its haunted houses and public buildings, its ghost tours, a Halloween extravaganza in the cemetery, “Voices from the Past” (in which live actors portray the dead of Eureka), and for a variety of ghostly phenomena.
The film Pass the Ammo was filmed in the city, with the Auditorium featured in several in the city’s downtown in 1929 scenes. There are burn marks and inaugurated with a concert still visible on the Auditorium by John Phillip Sousa. from the film’s special effects. There are four annual gay The movie Chrystal was filmed
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9. Points of interest in Eureka Springs. Parts of the movie Elizabethtown were • Christ of the Ozarks filmed in Eureka Springs. The • Crescent Hotel 1982 miniseries The Blue and • Eureka Springs & North the Gray was filmed around Arkansas Railway the area. The SciFi Channel’s • Onyx Cave, 7 miles (11 reality series Ghost Hunters km) northeast of town investigated the Crescent • Pivot Rock and Natural Hotel during episode 13 of the Bridge second season. • Thorncrown Chapel • Turpentine Creek 8. Media Wildlife Refuge, 8 miles (13 km) south of town 1. TV • World’s Largest Tuned Musical Windchime For over-the-air television, Eureka Springs is served by the 10. Transportation market based out of Springfield, Missouri. For cable, the • U.S. Route 62 Springfield affiliates can be • Arkansas Highway 23 received as well as a couple of stations in Fayetteville/Fort In the late 19th century railroad Smith as well as all four Little service reached Eureka Springs Rock stations. The local radio via the Eureka Springs Railway, whose chief promoter was station is KESA. the former Governor Powell Clayton. From 1906 to 1946, 2. Newspaper Eureka Springs was a point on • Carroll County News is the defunct Missouri and North published twice weekly, along Arkansas Railroad, which with regional visitors guides. provided passenger and freight • Lovely County Citizen service northward to Joplin, is a tabloid that is distributed Missouri, and southeastward free. It publishes the Eureka to Helena, Arkansas. Springs Visitors Guide. The tourist railroad, the Eureka • ES Independent Springs and North Arkansas (established in July 2012) Railway, has operated in is published in tabloid print Eureka Springs since 1981. format and distributed free. • Arkansas Democrat11. Notable people Gazette Northwest Arkansas Pat Burrell, professional edition is the only daily • newspaper distributed in the baseball player, San Francisco Giants area. World Views Guides
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• James William Trimble, congressman from Arkansas’s 3rd congressional district from 1945 to 1967, died in Eureka Springs but resided in Berryville
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