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can do everything engineers need, so integration is key. Each company or university uses di erent measurement, simulation, and in-situ process tools, and it is imperative that these tools can communicate with each other.

“The overwhelming number of process parameters in AM calls for automated optimization tools based on physics-driven simulations,” said Marcin Serdeczny, Ph.D., CFD engineer at Flow Science. “To drastically reduce the cost and time of new developments, we can no longer rely on a trial-anderror experimental approach. Tools like FLOW-3D AM are exactly a step in that direction.”

As the metal 3D printing industry advances, high-fidelity simulation tools will play an even greater role in manufacturing. With continued advancements in computing power, material science, and machine learning, the accuracy and capabilities of these simulation tools will only improve. DW

FLOW-3D www.flow3d.com