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WU KING TIM ARCHITECTURE / DESIGN PORTFOLIO
homemade paper, illuminated
MINIMAL PAPER
Thesis Project (Distinction) Summer 2019
CLAY FOR CONCRETE
Studio Project / A&D Trophy Awards 2019 (Student Category) Fall 2017
ACROSS THE SKY 宛自天開
1st Prize / Competition Entry Summer 2018
COMMUTING, ACTIVATING, SPECTATING
Studio Project Spring 2018
THE EVOLUTION
Competition Entry Summer 2019 BAMBOO FLOW 城尋竹流 Competition Entry Nov 2021
SCENERY UNSEEN 洞天尋隱 Commendation Entry Aug 2021
WEAVING RETAINING WALLS Studio Project Fall 2018
Selected Works TABLE OF CONTENTS
5 16 25 26 27 URBANISM RECREATIONAL URBANISM RECREATIONAL URBANISM MONUMENTAL URBANISM RECREATIONAL 21 28SYSTEM 11FABRICATION
02 01 03 04 05 06 07 08 FABRICATION SUSTAINABILITY URBANISM RECREATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY
CORRIDOR IN ACTION Studio Project Fall 2015
WORK / LIVE CUBES Studio Project Spring 2016
MODULAR FURNITURE Community Project Fall 2017
PLAYVILION Competition Entry Summer 2017
TERRACE HOUSE Studio Project Spring 2014
MOUNTAIN LIBRARY Studio Project Spring 2015
KAI TAK AVENUE PARK Built Project 2019-2022 CHAI WAN GOVERNMENT COMPLEX & VEHICLE DEPOT Built Project (Under Construction) 2021-
PROFESSIONAL WORK / FIELD WORK / EXHIBITIONS / MISC. Miscellaneous 2012-2019
42
34HABITATION 44
40 49 RECREATIONAL SYSTEM RECREATIONAL 46 INDUSTRIAL SECURITY 48 HABITATION 43 32HABITATION
09 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 FABRICATION ADAPTABILITY RECREATIONAL PAVILION ADAPTABILITY
MINIMAL PAPER
Thesis Project (Distinction) / Summer 2019 thesis is dedicated to exploring the
FABRICATION #INNOVATION #FORMWORK #BUILDING MATERIAL #SUSTAINABILITY #WASTEPAPER PULP #RECYCLING
FABRICATION TECHNIQUE FOR WASTEPAPER PULP IN
The
wastepaper pulp,
architectural potential of this sustainable material beyond the direct use of existing, pre-defined paper elements. g/PIECE g/MODULEMODULES PIECES FORMWORKS RECYCLED PAPER COMPOSITION QUANTITY MASS THICKNESS TIME PLASTER OF PARIS HRS OF DRYING /PIECE MINS OF UNCASTING /PIECE mm THICK MINS OF CASTING /PIECE TOTAL HOURS OF FORMWORK MAKING TOTAL HOURS OF PULP PREPARATION SHEETS OF A4 PAPER (80gsm) SHEETS (1 PACK) REUSE 4-5 TIMES EACH TOTAL DAYS OF FABRICATION 74-150 158-272 × ÷ 2 = = 9 9 8-12 20-40 2-6 40-60 812 380 < 500 18 4 95% 5% 5 SEARCH OF ARCHITECTURAL THINNESS+LIGHTNESS
WASTEPAPER PULP
The starting point of the thesis is wastepaper pulp, prepared by blending wastepaper with water. explores the potential of this sustainable building material in architecture.
It
1. Preparation of Wastepaper Pulp 2. Material Study - Sources of Wastepaper 3. Material Study - Admixtures 4. Library of Paper Artefacts 2 FROM RECYCLED PAPER TO PULP 1 4 3 +agar / gelatin / white glue (polyvinyl acetate) / UHU+resin +salt +glycerol +corn starch +plaster of paris +glycerol*gum arabic+gum arabic office print thermal paper corrugated cardboard envelope carbonless copy paper plastic-coated (LDPE) old newsprint (ONP) plastic-coated (PET) plastic-coated (LDPE)
FORMAL POTENTIAL & WAYS OF MAKING
From digital to physical, the formal possibilities opened up by different ways of making for the use of this particular material, paper pulp, are explored.
5. Undulating surfaces / Minimal Surfaces
6. Ways of Making - Pros and Cons
5 6
FABRICATION STEPS
The adopted technique from the fabrication research is the use of tensile fabric formwork, which paper pulp can capture and solidify the physical minimal surface created in the formwork. The reusability of the formwork also makes it perfect for modular design and assembly.
Papers in the form of minimal surfaces obtain rigidity through their anticlastic profiles. The geometric manipulation gives strength and intactness to the fragile paper.
CONNECTING MODULES
Paper artefacts can be connected together in a high-end or lowend way, depending on the situation. The low-end way refers to adhesives, which provide efficiency. The high-end way is to repatch the area with additional paper pulp. This way, a seamless and unobservable connection can be achieved, which is more aesthetically pleasant and materially monolithic.
Initial Formwork Revised Formwork
3 4 5
APPLICATION
The final assembly is a proof of concept and method that it already works at a furniture or interior scale. It is the honest reflections of what it can achieve with this homemade technique at the moment. The technique can be further improved domestically or industrially.
CLAY FOR CONCRETE REUSABLE CLAY FORMWORK
With the help of coding, robotic arm and clay extruder, clay formwork made is used for concrete casting. The used clay is reusable and can be processed for re-printing. It also works with green concrete and offers geometric freedom. Studio Project Fall 2017 +Allan Chong Leung
FABRICATION #INNOVATION #CLAY FORMWORK #BUILDING MATERIAL #FREEDOM OF FORM #GREEN CONCRETE #ROBOTICS
3D-PRINTED
11
/
/
+Alvin
A&D TROPHY AWARDS 2019 (STUDENT CATEGORY)
1 4 5 6 FABRICATION STEPS 1. Importing code to robotic arm 2. 3D-printing clay 3. laying out clay formwork 4. Incremental casting 5. Removal of formwork 6. Results A. Stacking formwork B. Casting with rebars C. Clay patches as formwork reinforcement Based on the similarity in the sectional profiles, the whole formwork is divided into parts which have different heights and required printing time. 90 mins 120 mins 120 mins 85 mins 60 mins 75 mins 2 3 A B C
CODING FOR PRINTING PATH
CLAY PRINTING (FORMWORK)
CONCRETE CASTING (PRODUCT)
PROTOTYPING
With this fabrication technique, new surface textures and qualities can be imprinted to concrete, and new formal possibilities are also made possible.
Three example tests:
i. Vibration of Printing Path
ii. Introduction of Porosity
iii. Introduction of Intersection
i ii
iii
EXPERIMENTATION
As an innovative fabrication method, series of tests and experiments are carried out.
1. The use of robotic arm and clay extruder: clay conditions, printing speed, thickness, number of stacks
2. Re-bar and connections between formworks
3. Hard-mix composition of fly ash / cement / sand: brittleness, strength, compactness
4. Liquid mix composition for casting with clay formwork: concrete additive, water
Variable a: 70% cement; 30% fly ash (7:3)
Final Mix: 33.4% sand; 20% fly ash; 46.6% cement 33.4% sand; 20% fly ash; (5:3:7)
Final Mix: 33.4% sand; 33.3% fly ash; 33.3% cement
Variable b: 50% cement; 50% fly ash (1:1)
Variable y: 33.4% sand; 66.6% cement/ash mix (1:2)
Variable y: 33.4% sand; 66.6%
[ Essential equipment ] Water Content + Parameters ] Control [ Aggregates ratio ] Variable [ Pozzolans mix ratio Variable 2 Sample Variable x; Variable a [ Mix ratio // by mass] Water: 40% 100g Hard Mix: 60% /150g Time allowed: 24 hours Variable x: 46.6% sand; 53.4% cement/ash mix (7:8 ~ 1:1) Variable y: 33.4% sand; 66.6% cement/ash mix (1:2) Variable z: 20% sand; 80% cement/ash mix (1:4) Variable 46.6% sand; 53.4% cement/ash mix (7:8 1:1) Variable a: 70% cement; 30% fly ash (7:3) Final Mix: 46.6% sand; 16% fly ash; 37.4% cement Variable 46.6% sand; 53.4% cement/ash mix (7:8 1:1) Variable b: 50% cement; 50% fly ash (1:1) Final Mix: 46.6% sand; 26.7% fly ash; 26.7% cement Variable 46.6% sand; 53.4% cement/ash mix (7:8 1:1) Variable 30% cement; 70% fly ash (3:7) Final Mix: 46.6% sand; 37.4% fly ash; 16% cement Variable y: 33.4% sand; 66.6% cement/ash mix (1:2)
cement/ash mix (1:2) Variable 30% cement; 70% fly ash (3:7) Final Mix: 33.4% sand; 46.6% fly ash; 20% cement Variable 20% sand; 80% cement/ash mix (1:4) Variable a: 70% cement; 30% fly ash (7:3) Final Mix: 20% sand; 24% fly ash; 56% cement Variable 20% sand; 80% cement/ash mix (1:4) Variable b: 50% cement; 50% fly ash (1:1) Final Mix: 20% sand; 40% fly ash; 40% cement Variable 20% sand; 80% cement/ash mix (1:4) Variable 30% cement; 70% ash (3:7) Final Mix: 20% sand; 56% fly ash; 24% cement [ Aggregates ratio // by mass] Variable a: 70% cement; 30% fly ash (7:3) Variable b: 50% cement; 50% fly ash (1:1) Variable c: 30% cement; 70% fly ash (3:7) Pozzolans mix ratio // by mass] Sample II Variable x; Variable b Sample III Variable x; Variable c Sample IV Variable y; Variable a Sample V Variable y; Variable b Sample VI Variable y; Variable c Sample VII Variable z; Variable a Sample VIII Variable z; Variable b Sample IX Variable z; Variable c Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Soft Brittle Loose Compact Water Total mass of hard mix Time Cement Sand Fly ash Plastic cup Electric weight scale Concrete additive E ectric weight F y ash S d Cement S eel ods C ay moulds Essential equipment ] [ Concrete hardmix Control [ Liquid mix ] Variable 1 Hardmix Liquid mix ] Variable 2 Sample Variable x; Variable a [ Sand: Cement Fly ash ] [ 5 7 3 [ Hardmix ratio // by mass] Sand: 33.4% Cement: 46.6% Fly ash: 20% Variable x: 0% concrete additive; 100% water Variable y: 20% concrete additiva; 80% water (1 4) Variable z: 33.4% concrete additive; 66.6% water (1 2) Variable 0% concrete additive; 100% water Variable 50% hardmix; 50% liquid mix 1) Variable 0% concrete additive; 100% water Variable b: 66.6% hardmix; 33.4% liquid mix (2 1) Variable 0% concrete additive; 100% water Variable 75% hardmix; 25% liquid mix (3 1) Variable 20% concrete additive; 80% water (1 4) Variable 50% hardmix; 50% liquid mix 1) Variable 20% concrete additive; 80% water (1 4) Variable b: 66.6% hardmix; 33.4% liquid mix (2 1) Variable 20% concrete additive; 80% water (1 4) Variable 75% hardmix; 25% liquid mix (3 1) Variable 33.4% concrete additive; 66.6% water 2) Variable 50% hardmix; 50% liquid mix 1) Variable 33.4% concrete additive; 66.6% water 2) Variable b: 66.6% hardmix; 33.4% liquid mix (2 1) Variable 33.4% concrete additive; 66.6% water 2) Variable 75% hardmix; 25% liquid mix (3 1) [ Liquid mix testing ratio // by mass] Variable a: 50% hardmix; 50% liquid mix (1 1) Variable b: 66.6% hardmix; 33.4% liquid mix (2 1) Variable c: 75% hardmix; 25% liquid mix (3 1) [ Hardmix to Liquid mix ratio // by mass] Sample II Variable x; Variable b Sample III Variable x; Variable c Sample IV Variable y; Variable a Sample V Variable y; Variable b Sample VI Variable y; Variable c Sample VII Variable z; Variable a Sample VIII Variable z; Variable b Sample IX Variable z; Variable c Sand Cement Fly ash Concrete additive Concrete Mix Water Clay mould Electric weight scale Steel rod The experiment looks into the reaction of the mould to different liquid mixes. It determines which liquid mix formulae would be the most desirable. [ EXPERIMENT SETUP] LIQUID MIX & MOULD RELATIONSHIP
1 3 2 4
APPLICATION
It is anticipated that the technique can be made applicable to a larger scale of automation.
The use of robotics in the construction industry does not only save manpower, but also offers freedom of form which is hindered by traditional methods and formworks for concrete casting.
Sky and nature are extended from the aboveground park to the underground through the use of natural elements like plants and waterfall. It stretches the leisure space more widely and deeply, multiplying the existing dimensions of the Kowloon Park.
#SKYLIGHT #NATURE #WATER ELEMENTS #CONNECTIVITY #PUBLIC PARK #URBAN UNDERGROUND ACROSS THE SKY 1st Prize Winning Entry / Summer 2018 / +Allan Chong 宛自天開
宛自天開 Across the sky, birds sailing through the air, rainbow stretching to the clouds, the Sun warming the Earth. It is the nature up in the sky. We would like to bring the concept of sky and nature to the underground development. Unlike any other deadly, confined underground space, which totally segregates from the ground, nature is allowed to extend from the aboveground park to the underground through the use of natural elements like plants and waterfall. It stretches the leisure 「雖由人作，宛自天開」 明代造園家計成在其著作《園 冶》中提出：理想的園林雖為 人工之物，但整體景觀應有如 混然天成，一切當從自然開 始。若要趨向自然，樹木、流 水等天然元素可謂不可或缺。 我們的目標正是要將這些元素 注入地下空間，讓自然灌注其 中，藉此擺脫地下空間密不透 風的刻板形象。依我們所見， 九龍公園和地下空間並非完全 割裂的兩層空間，事實上，地 下空間是公園的延伸部分，而 且能深化公園本身作為休憩用 Duplicate the original axis of the park by creating Allow waterfall to flow down and create vertical Bridge the disconnected halves of the park Place big entrances at the south and north ends of the 依中軸線劃出斜道 平整地形 讓瀑布從中灌注 連通地面和地底 以橋樑縫合被分割的公園肌理 理順人流動線 在南北端設置大型入口 引入人流 TST TO AUSTIN STATION 往柯士甸站 尖沙咀站 F A 主要地面入口 升降機 Existing Park Features 九龍公園界限 擬建地下空間 Proposed Underground Space 現有防空洞 Existing ARP Tunnels 港鐵站 Pedestrian Tunnel Organizers: Civil Engineering Development Dept, Planning Dept, HK Government Site: Kowloon Park, Hong Kong UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT PILOT STUDY IN SELECTED STRATEGIC URBAN AREAS DESIGN IDEAS COMPETITION 16 Central Axis of Kowloon Park 九龍公園中軸線
Cutting across the axis of the park, the ramp also allows a peek across the sky from the underground. It introduces sunlight and water, the necessities for plants, to nurture the space. It also brings a cooling effect in summer. As much as a sheltered walk underneath covers you from rain and sun, walking on the ground is also an enjoyable journey when you get the choice of looking up or looking down.
The following three featured spaces
all locate on the central axis. They drive the circulation in the park and provide multi-sensory, comfortable spatial experiences to the public.
To signify the existing valuable trees, funnelshaped planters are used to isolate the trees while allowing them to keep growing. It provides alternative perspectives to appreciate the nature. The void carved out is a relaxing space. New trees would also be planted in some smaller planters to create contrast and make the public aware of the time needed for a tree to grow big and strong.
‘Out of this world!’ Walking into the cavern, one finds a waterfall streaming down from the oculus.
Instead of a corridor-like entrance, the existing open plaza is turned into a sunken plaza where public space extends through the caves to the underground. Natural light, greenery and water features all contribute to this comfortable space, which also adds depth to the whole park.
「宛自天開」強調自然，而「天開」的字面意思 亦可應用其中。我們取其含意，為密閉的地下空 間敞開天窗，引入陽光，讓流水緩緩注入，為炎 夏降溫並滋養生機。透過灌溉地下空間的不同植 物，營造新的生態。而遊人既可在地下免卻日曬 雨淋，亦可在地面探頭而下，從不同的角度享受 這個空間。 婆娑樹影，時光荏苒 老樹綠葉成蔭，幼苗枝葉尚嫩 為了凸顯古樹的重要性，我們從平地改造出一個 個的樹塔。樹塔外的空間則被挑空，成為新的休 憩空間。新的樹苗亦會被種在小樹塔，與古樹相 映成趣，並希望藉此帶出樹木需要時日生長的簡 單訊息，加強樹木保育。 洞中陽光綿漫，流水淙淙 抬頭卻是一簾飛瀑，沁人心脾 地下空間的入口多為狹長的通道，但我們把公園 現有的開放式廣場改建成下沉式廣場，通過洞穴 將公共空間延伸到地下。透過採納自然光、植物 和水的元素，創造一個愜意舒適的地下空間，令 整個公園更廣而深。 三個主題空間均位於中軸線上，帶動整個公園的人流，並提供舒適、多感官的空間感受予公眾。 CONCEPTUAL SPACES 概念空間 宛自天開 扶林薿薿 別有洞天 ACROSS THE SKY SYMPHONY IN THE WOODS GAIA’S GROTTO potential cultural mixed-use 潛在文化 綜合發展空間 potential 潛在文化 綜合發展空間
The underground extension not only offers multiple circulation pathways as alternative options for wanderers and commuters to walk through Tsim Sha Tsui, but it also provides different spatial configurations for park users to enjoy and rethink about the essential qualities of a public leisure space.
PARK IN ANOTHER FORM
A typical park is a space for embracing sunshine and greenery. For an underground park, we made openings at the ground level to bring ambient sunlight to the underground levels. Shade-tolerant plants are introduced at the darker areas to keep the park vibrant.
“What’s underneath?”
“Hey there!”
LAYERING OF SPACES
PHYSICAL COMFORT
With the introduction of oculi as breezeways, the air temperature at the underground space can be kept at a comfortable level. Water elements like waterfall and water playground further cools down the space, providing an escape from the summer heat.
Across the sky, birds sailing through the air, rainbow stretching to the clouds, the Sun warming the Earth. It is the nature up in the sky.
We would like to bring the concept of sky and nature to the underground development. Unlike any other deadly, confined underground space, which totally segregates from the ground, nature is allowed to extend from the aboveground park to the underground through the use of natural elements like plants and waterfall. It stretches the leisure space more widely and deeply, differing itself from a typical park.
「雖由人作，宛自天開」 明代造園家計成在其著作《園 冶》中提出：理想的園林雖為人 工之物，但整體景觀應有如混然 天成，一切當從自然開始。若要 趨向自然，樹木、流水等天然元 素可謂不可或缺。 我們的目標正是要將這些元素注 入地下空間，讓自然灌注其中， 藉此擺脫地下空間密不透風的刻 板形象。依我們所見，九龍公園 和地下空間並非完全割裂的兩層 空間，事實上，地下空間是公園 的延伸部分，而且能深化公園本 身作為休憩用地的角色，同時為 「公園」的概念賦予新的定義。 TST AUSTIN JORDAN 柯士甸站 佐敦站 尖沙咀站 F D A Canton Road Playground 廣 東 道 遊 樂 場 SCOUT PATH 童 軍 徑 Kowloon Park Swimming Pool 九 龍 公 園 泳 池 N A T H A N R O A D 彌 敦 道 PARK LANE SHOPPER'S BOULEVARD 栢 麗 購 物 大 道 LIBRARY 圖 書 館 CULTURAL CREATIVE SPACE 文 創 空 間 SPORTS VENUE 康 體 設 施 HISTORIC HERITAGE SITE 古 蹟 及 歷 史 展 覽 場 地 H A I P H O N G R O A D 海 防 道 A U S T I N R O A D 柯 士 甸 道 Ground Access 主要地面入口 Vertical Access 升降機 To MTR Exit 往港鐵站出口 Proposed Design 擬建設計 Existing Park Features 現有公園設施 Kowloon Park Limit 九龍公園界限 Proposed Underground Space 擬建地下空間 Existing ARP Tunnels 現有防空洞 MTR Stations 港鐵站 Pedestrian Tunnel 行人隧道 MTR Tracks 港鐵路軌 Duplicate the original axis of the park by creating a ramp which smoothens out the topography Allow waterfall to flow down and create vertical connection between the ground and the underground Bridge the disconnected halves of the park by stitching, rectifying the circulation Place big entrances at the south and north ends of the ramp to introduce people into the underground 依中軸線劃出斜道 平整地形 讓瀑布從中灌注 連通地面和地底 以橋樑縫合被分割的公園肌理 理順人流動線 在南北端設置大型入口 引入人流 TST 尖沙咀站 A Canton Road Playground 廣 東 道 遊 樂 場 Park Pool 池 PARK LANE SHOPPER'S BOULEVARD 栢 麗 購 物 大 道 LIBRARY 圖 書 館 CULTURAL CREATIVE SPACE 文 創 空 間 HISTORIC HERITAGE SITE 古 蹟 及 歷 史 展 覽 場 地 H A P H O N G R O A D 海 防 道 Ground Access 主要地面入口 Vertical Access 升降機 To MTR Exit 往港鐵站出口 Proposed Design 擬建設計 Existing Park Features 現有公園設施 Kowloon Park Limit 九龍公園界限 Proposed Underground Space 擬建地下空間 Existing ARP Tunnels 現有防空洞 港鐵站 Pedestrian Tunnel 行人隧道 MTR Tracks 港鐵路軌 (north) in venues of A library is needed in the Jordan/ TST/Austin Area. If an underground library with natural elements is built near Nathan Road, it can create a reading experience with exposure to sunlight and greenery. 北面的防空洞之間有大量方正的空間 可供使用，若容納不同類型的體育設 綜觀佐敦、尖沙咀中部、柯士甸站 一帶，目前尚欠一所公共圖書館。 如在彌敦道旁的地下空間興建地下 圖書館，引進自然光，並讓讀者與 大自然接觸，便能創造一個嶄新的 閱讀體驗。 公共圖書館 PUBLIC LIBRARY Air-raid Precaution Tunnels (North) - Sports Venue / Air-raid Precaution Tunnels (West) - Historic Heritage Site / - Library + Cultural Creative Space / Central Axis - Park, Cultural Mixed Use, Underground food court 北面防空洞為康體設施／西面防空洞為古蹟及歷史展覽場地／東面為圖書館及文創空間／中軸為公園、文化及綜合發展用途及地下美食廣場 Badminton court Volleyball court 排球場 Gym 健身房 Void between Air-Raid Precaution Tunnels 防空洞之間的空間 Basketball court 籃球場 Table tennis yard 23m x 12m Sport Ground Reqired Space 運動場地 所需空間 Closest public library to kowloon park - Tsim Sha Tsui Public Library (East Tsim Sha Tsui) Kowloon Park 與九龍公園較近的尖沙咀公共圖書館 (尖東) 九 龍 公 園 Central Axis of Kowloon Park 九龍公園中軸 Nathan Road 彌敦道 Austin Road Haiphong Road 柯士甸道 海防道 0m20m40m60m The underground space connects with all three nearby MTR stations, as well as immediate roads. Direct access is available from Austin Road, Haiphong Road, Canton Road and Scout Path. Lifts are needed for access from Nathan Road. 地下空間將連接附近三個港鐵站，並順應 地勢，利用斜道或升降機與附近的道路連 接，吸引市民進入並使用這些公共空間。 柯士甸道：路面旁直接進入地下空間 海防道：路面直接進入地下空間 彌敦道：公園內以升降機進入地下空間 廣東道：地面直接進入防空洞 童軍徑：地面直接進入防空洞 四通八達 CONNECTIVITY & EASE OF ACCESS Peripheral connections with immediate roads 與周邊路面的連接 與園內路面的連接 Axial connections within the park Austin Station / WKCD / WKT 柯士甸站 / 西九文化區 / 高鐵總站 佐敦站 0m20m40m60m N TST AUSTIN JORDAN 柯士甸站 佐敦站 尖沙咀站 F D A Playground 廣 東 道 遊 樂 場 SCOUT PATH 童 軍 徑 Kowloon Park Swimming Pool 九 龍 公 園 泳 池 N T H A N O A D 彌 敦 道 PARK LANE SHOPPER'S BOULEVARD 栢 麗 購 物 大 道 LIBRARY 圖 書 館 CULTURAL CREATIVE SPACE 文 創 空 間 SPORTS VENUE 康 體 設 施 HISTORIC HERITAGE SITE 古 蹟 及 歷 史 展 覽 場 地 H A P O N G R O A D 海 防 道 A U S T N O A D 柯 士 甸 道 Ground Access 主要地面入口 Vertical Access 升降機 往港鐵站出口 Proposed Design 擬建設計 Existing Park Features 現有公園設施 九龍公園界限 Proposed Underground Space 擬建地下空間 現有防空洞 港鐵站 Pedestrian Tunnel 行人隧道 港鐵路軌 Air-raid Precaution Tunnels (north) have potential leftover space in between its grid. Sports venues would be a fit choice in terms of program and dimensions. A library is needed in the Jordan/ TST/Austin Area. If an underground library with natural elements is built near Nathan Road, it can create a reading experience with exposure to sunlight and greenery. 北面的防空洞之間有大量方正的空間 可供使用，若容納不同類型的體育設 施，便可物盡其用。 綜觀佐敦、尖沙咀中部、柯士甸站 一帶，目前尚欠一所公共圖書館。 如在彌敦道旁的地下空間興建地下 圖書館，引進自然光，並讓讀者與 大自然接觸，便能創造一個嶄新的 閱讀體驗。 防空洞體育設施 公共圖書館 SPORTS VENUE IN AIR-RAID SHELTER PUBLIC LIBRARY LAND USE 土地利用 Air-raid Precaution Tunnels (North) - Sports Venue / Air-raid Precaution Tunnels (West) - Historic Heritage Site / East - Library + Cultural Creative Space / Central Axis - Park, Cultural Mixed Use, Underground food court 北面防空洞為康體設施／西面防空洞為古蹟及歷史展覽場地／東面為圖書館及文創空間／中軸為公園、文化及綜合發展用途及地下美食廣場 Badminton court 羽毛球場 Volleyball court 排球場 Gym 健身房 Void between Air-Raid Precaution Tunnels 防空洞之間的空間 Basketball court 籃球場 Squash court 壁球場 Table tennis yard 乒乓球場 23m x 12m Sport Ground Reqired Space 運動場地 所需空間 Closest public library to kowloon park - Tsim Sha Tsui Public Library (East Tsim Sha Tsui) Kowloon Park 與九龍公園較近的尖沙咀公共圖書館 (尖東) 九 龍 公 園 Central Axis of Kowloon Park 九龍公園中軸 Nathan Road 彌敦道 Kowloon Park Sports Centre 九龍公園體育館 Football Field 足球場 Austin Road柯士甸道 Austin Road Haiphong Road 柯士甸道 海防道 0m20m40m60m The underground space connects with all three nearby MTR stations, as well as immediate roads. Direct access is available from Austin Road, Haiphong Road, Canton Road and Scout Path. Lifts are needed for access from Nathan Road. 地下空間將連接附近三個港鐵站，並順應 地勢，利用斜道或升降機與附近的道路連 接，吸引市民進入並使用這些公共空間。 柯士甸道：路面旁直接進入地下空間 海防道：路面直接進入地下空間 彌敦道：公園內以升降機進入地下空間 廣東道：地面直接進入防空洞 童軍徑：地面直接進入防空洞 四通八達 CONNECTIVITY & EASE OF ACCESS Peripheral connections with immediate roads 與周邊路面的連接 與園內路面的連接 Axial connections within the park Underground connections with MTR 與港鐵站的地下連接 Barrier-free Access (Lifts and ramps) 無障礙通道 (升降機及斜道) Austin Station / WKCD / WKT 柯士甸站 / 西九文化區 / 高鐵總站 Jordan Station 佐敦站 Tsim Sha Tsui Station East TST Station 尖沙咀站 / 尖東站 N
URBANISM
COMMUTING, ACTIVATING, SPECTATING Studio Project / Spring 2018
With the introduction of public programs and more options of commuting, the residual space along the metro line in Beijing now offers a wide variety of urban scenarios:
Open
Airsoft
#PUBLIC SPACE #LINEARITY #INDOOR / OUTDOOR #RESIDUAL SPACE #PLACEMAKING
PlazaGaming Arcade 21
USERS AND SPECTATORS
/ Program Users – Staying with intention to use the program
/ Waiting persons – Staying without intention to use the program
/ Passers-by – Passing by engagingly without incentives to stay, with a possibility to stop and stay
/ (Metro on-lookers) – Passing by distantly, with a possibility to stop and stay
Study Room Climbwall
Wudaokou, situated between the of in the northwest of the city, also known as the tertiary education Haidian District, Beijing
PLACE OF YOUTH
The site is Wudaokou, Beijing where houses world-renowned universities and top tertiary institutions in China. Therefore, the area is full of young people and energy. Students, graduates, researchers and foreigners all gather at this so-called ‘center of the universe’.
Beijing, CHINA
4th ring and 5th ring
Beijing, is
zone. 1:225000 5km 500m 1:11000N 1:25000 500m Wudaokou,
City N N WUDAOKOU 五道口 University campuses surround the site. The internationality of the nearby communities gives the site its nickname, 'the centre of the universe'. FORBIDDEN CITY 5TH RING 2ND RING 3RD RING 4TH RING SITE WUDAOKOU STATION SITE OF INTERVENTION TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY PEKING UNIVERSITY BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY PEKING UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER CHINA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY CHINA UNIVERSITY OF GEOSCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BEIJING CHINA UNIVERSITY OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY BEIHANG UNIVERSITY BEIJING LANGUAGE AND CULTURE UNIVERSITY QINGHUADONGLUXIKOU STATION METRO LINE 13 (ELEVATED) METRO LINE 15 (UNDERGROUND) METRO LINE 4 METRO LINE 10 METRO CHANGPING LINE SOUTHERN EXTENSION (UNDER CONSTRUCTION) BEIJING-ZHANGJIAKOU RAILWAY (UNDERGROUND / UNDER CONSTRUCTION) UNIVERSITY CAMPUS SITE OF INTERVENTION 500M RADIUS CATCHMENT AREA STATION 1KM RADIUS SUB-CATCHMENT AREA
PUBLIC PROGRAM MATRIX
Wudaokou Station Qinghuadongluxikou Station N OPTIONS FOR COMMUTING Through placemaking, it provides more options for commuting between the two metro stations, thus activating the residual space.
Program sequence along the linear space is arranged logically according to its spatial needs and parameters. Wudaokou Station Open Plaza Airsoft Gym Internet Cafe Skatepark Gaming Arcade Water Park / Bath house Study Room Open Theatre F & B Climbwall Qinghuadongluxikou Station to ShuangQing Road Co-working WaitingBiking Commuting Dog-walking Walking Crafts Studio Exhibition Sports Courts Karaoke METRO LINE 13 (ELEVATED) METRO LINE 15 (UNDERGROUND) PEDESTRIAN GROUND ROUTE PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY (ELEVATED) BIKING TRAIL (ELEVATED) Activ ty spec fic Curios ty Factor Pr vate> Public Approach Stat c > Dynam c Time of Stay Indoor Density Massing Noise susceptible Noise generating Defined Program Involvement of passers by Pub icness of the program Spectating Level User Movement User Occupation Enclosure Noise Insulat on Requ rement ◍ defined: act vity specific space undefined: examples of program ●◌◌ Typical not generat ve ●●◌ ↓ ●●● Generat ve / Engag ng ●◌◌ Privacy needed interact on not encouraged ●●◌ Public ●●● V Pub ic promoted by: C / B / opening up interface allow ng peeking A / gathering of crowd extent of users’ phys cal displacement ●◌◌ Static ●●◌ ↓ ●●● Dynamic ● no of hours spent on average ◌ potential no of hours to be spent ◌ preferably indoor ◍ indoor and/or outdoor ● indoor ░ low ▒ medium ▓ high Gaming Gaming Arcade ◍ ●●◌ ●●◌ B ●◌◌ ●●◌◌ ● ▒ Open ◌◌◌ ●●● Open Plaza dance pract ce martial arts ●●● ●●● A ●●◌ ●◌ ░ ▒ ▓ ◌◌◌ ●●◌ Airsoft (War Game) ◍ ●●◌ ●◌◌ B ●●◌ ●●◌◌ ◍ ▒ Close ◌◌◌ ●●● Skatepark ◍ ●●● ●●● A ●●● ●●◌◌ ░ Open ◌◌◌ ●●◌ Water Park / Bath House ◍ ●●◌ ●●◌ B ●●◌ ●●◌◌ ◍ ▒ ◌◌◌ ●●◌ Gym ◍ ●◌◌ ●●◌ B ●●● ●◌◌ ◌ ▓ Close ◌◌◌ ●◌◌ Internet Cafe ◍ ●◌◌ ●◌◌ C ●◌◌ ●●◌◌ ● ▓ ●◌◌ ●◌◌ Climbing Wall ◍ ●●● ●●● A ●●● ●●◌◌ ░ Open ◌◌◌ ●●◌ Study Rooms study discuss ons shar ng ●◌◌ ●◌◌ C ●◌◌ ●●●●◌◌◌◌ ● ▓ ●●● ●◌◌ Exhibition Gallery ◍ ●●◌ ●●● B ●●◌ ●●◌◌ ◍ ▒ Close ●●◌ ◌◌◌ Sports Courts ◍ ●●◌ ●●● B ●●● ●●◌◌ ◍ ▒ ●◌◌ ●●◌ Karaoke ◍ ●◌◌ ●◌◌ C ●◌◌ ●●●●◌◌◌◌ ● ▓ ●◌◌ ●●● Open Theatre performance event ●●● ●●● A ●◌◌ ●◌ ░ ▒ ▓ Open ◌◌◌ ●●● F&B Food vendors restaurants café s bars) d n ng meeting social zing ●◌◌ ●●◌ C ●◌◌ ●◌◌ ●●●◌ ◍ ▓ ●◌◌ ●●◌ Stud os (Photography Crafts Record ng) ◍ ●●◌ ●●◌ B ●◌◌ ●●●◌◌ ◍ ▒ Close ●●◌ ●◌◌ Co work ng ◍ ●◌◌ ●◌◌ C ●◌◌ ●●●●●●◌◌ ● ▓ ●●● ●◌◌
THE EVOLUTION
Competition Entry / Summer 2019 / 5+ Collaborators
A national-space-to-be for Singaporeans, Founders’ Memorial is designed with a modular landscape system, symbolizing aspiration to national growth and celebration of collaborative effort. It is a timeless stage documenting the past and witnessing the future.
Organizers: National Heritage Board of Singapore Singapore Institute of Architects CONCEPT DIAGRAM FM000984 Every Singaporean is symobolized as the basic unit cube The cubes come together and construct the basic foundation of the memorial, which reflects the peoplebased society of Singapore. Each cube will house different elements of the memorial, including trees, shrubs, water, earth and sitting bench etc., showing the diverse quality of a multicultural nation. Some cubes merge to form a bigger cube to accommodate significant trees that purify rain water on site, which represents each individual leader of the nation making a better environment to their people. Time flies, and the 1st central leader tree grows in time, more future leader trees join in and sprawl around it to continue the spirit of the nation. The architectural process is never-ending and evolves with time. Tree size shows the trace and history of the past, and it also envisions the future hope and open-ended possibility of the nation. FORMATION BUILD UP DIAGRAM PROGRAMME & CIRCULATION ARRANGEMENT 1. Adopting Existing Site Design 5. Accessibility Across Roof-landscape 2. Program Area Layout 6. Elevating Viewpoints as ‘City Couch’ 3. Massing Encircling the Central Garden 7. Openings to the Interior 4. Landscape as Envelope 8. Modularizing for Practical Construction THE EVOLUTION The Founder’s Memorial represents the strength of the nation, with its prime resource being the people. The nation was built by our forefathers through humility, persistence and teamwork. Hence, our approach intends to capture and manifest the Singapore spirit into a physical form, to give tribute to every individual person contributed to the society. Visiting the Founder’s Memorial will inspire and fuel aspirations in visitors for the future through sharing of values and the telling of the spirits of our forefathers. WALKING THROUGH THE PRESENT AND THE PAST The Founder’s Memorial is a window to the past, with its structure reflecting the collaboration of like-minded and driven individuals. Being a safe and reflective space, it reminds us to appreciate what we have in the present. We rejected the traditional concept of a memorial space, whereby a memorial is distinguished from the surrounding area. Instead, our entire architecture serves as a memorial space, “interweaving” all the leaders, founders and iconic figures throughout the architecture, inviting visitors on an experiential journey of reflection no matter where they are in the architectural complex. EMBRACING THE FUTURE Our modular system is highly adaptable where larger blocks symbolize special tribute to the leaders of Singapore. As the number of leaders increase, the modular structure can be adjusted to incorporate more of such blocks, mirroring the adaptability of the nation while maintaining integrity in strength. This creates steadilyevolving space that offers visitors uniquely intimate experiences each time they visit. Our approach embraces the time element and the ever-evolving and growing nature of Singapore, making the memorial a time-based architecture rather than a memorial that is only frozen in commemorating the past. Entrance/Exit: into the ground while the roof-scape swells up organically behind it, creating the illusion of a hill or cave. Visitors will get a glimpse of the mysterious interiors from the entrance as they make their way in. Inner Sanctum: Looking up and around, visitors are greeted by the solemn sight of sunlight filtering 20m down, through the undulating ceiling composed of modular blocks, symbols of the nation-building efforts of Singaporeans. Viewing Gallery: The mezzanine gallery is an elevated vantage point for visitors. It also serves as a pathway that extends all the way around the central garden. There is a gradual incline so visitors can emerge out onto the roof-scape or return down onto ground level. Roof-Scape Memorial Space: Close to 250m expanse of memorial space from one entrance to the next, the roof-scape doubles as a garden and park with stairways, paths, floral and fauna, as well as artworks for visitors to explore. Central Garden: The spirit of Singapore is alive at this central space, where existing leaders are represented in larger blocks. Visitors can take a quiet stroll around the Tembusu Tree and learn more about Singapore’s most current leaders. Waterfront Entrance/Theatre:: The Entrance to the Theatre faces Singapore’s beautiful waterfront. In addition to the view, visitors can also take a stroll and relax while appreciating the surrounding exhibits and displays in area.Singapore’s most current leaders. The memorial space is an outdoor garden with lush greenery, giving a tranquil and haptic experience to visitors to go through the historical journey of Singapore The interior shapes the solemn and dynamic quality of the architecture, where people could reflect upon themselve. The gridding ceiling itself act as an art piece to give aesthetic values to the space. Master Layout Plan Evolving design language in the entire site Bay The indoor and outdoor boundary is blurred, with art piece scatters around which welcome visitors to enter the memorial, the memorial to go outdoor and explore the beautiful waterfront of Singapore MRT Access to the ground Underground Carpark Access of 2 MODULAR-BASED SYSTEM The use of a modular system is both economical and efficient to construct our design. Its high adaptability serves multiple purposes. Not only does it serves its landscaping purposes (eg. plants, ponds, turfing), it also provides a more functional value (eg. solar panel, art installation, water treatment, cooling purposes). ROOFSCAPE DUALITY The concept of duality can be seen in the exterior and interior of the architecture. On the roofscape, the lush greenery on the upper surface exudes a sense of hope of what Singapore has today and what Singapore can be. Contrastingly, the bottom surface ceiling offers a more solemn atmosphere for the interior. With exhibits showcasing the trials and tribulation that past leaders have experienced, the experience is meant to be a nostalgic and grateful one. #PUBLIC SPACE #MONUMENT #TIMELESSNESS #NATIONAL SYMBOLISM #PLACEMAKING #SUSTAINABILITY FOUNDERS’ MEMORIAL INTERNATIONAL ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN COMPETITION 25
BAMBOO FLOW Competition Entry Nov 3+ Collaborators
Inspired by Wong Chuk Hang’s history as a fishing village, an industrial hub and now a commercial-area-to-be, in order to proivde the missing link between the transit node and the adjacent country park, bamboo is chosen as the symbol, tool and actual material to complete the journey.
Co-organizers: Invigorating Island South Office / Architectural Services Department / The Hong Kong Institute of Architects #PUBLIC SPACE #CONNECTIVITY #MATERIAL SYMBOLISM #METAPHOR #PLACEMAKING #LOCAL HISTORY DESIGN COMPETITION ON GREEN LINK IN WONG CHUK HANG 26
/
2021 /
城尋竹流
SCENERY UNSEEN
Commendation
Constructing more man-made features to guide the visitors to enjoy the scenic view offered by the nature has been controversial in Hong Kong. The scheme therefore prioritizes subtlety for the new observation deck and hiking trail, making the nature more accessible by the general public while creating minimal disturbances to the nature.
Organizers: Architectural Services Department & Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, HKSARG #FLOW OF PEOPLE #SYMBOLISM #STORYLINE #HIKING #CONSERVATION OF NATURE #SUBTLETY HEXAGONAL ADVENTURE DESIGN COMPETITION FOR A VIEWING PLATFORM ON A HEADLAND OVERLOOKING PO PIN CHAU 27
Entry / Aug 2021 / 4+ Collaborators
洞天尋隱
WEAVING RETAINING WALLS
Studio Project / Fall 2018
When retaining wall is not considered only geotechnical infrastructure, its potential to serve as architecture and allow habitation is unleashed. A better incorporation to the natural landscape is achieved with sets of rules applied.
INFRASTRUCTURE #SITE FORMATION #ADAPTIVE GEOMETRY #SYSTEM OF RULES #CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE #PARAMETERIZATION #LANDSCAPE +135 +131.5 +116.5 +122 +126.5 +130.5 +125 +119 +114 12 stairs 11 new ground 13 facade, fenestration, balustrades 28
PARAMETERIZING THE SYSTEM
The system is applicable to different landscapes because sets of rules and steps are created to govern the extent of site formation and terracing.
CONSTRUCTION
Conceptually, as the construction sequence showcases, terracing operations which respect the natural landscape can be achieved step-bystep.
SEQUENCE
1 original slope 2 excavation 3 temporary lateral support 4 foundation 5 retaining wall 6 envelope 7 backfill of earth 8 slab 9 further excavation 10 further excavation 12 stairs 11 new ground 13 facade, fenestration, balustrades
RURAL LIFE
The scheme is designed for terrace farming and crops drying where ample, open space is needed for each household. The need for inhabitation is fulfilled in the form of cave dwellings, which is a type of traditional Chinese settlements in Shaanxi.
CONTROLLED GEOMETRY
By extracting the contours and applying rules for terracing, the new development is better incoroporated to the natural landscape instead of being an abrupt destruction to the former topography. Caves, on the other hand , are constructed with a modular grid to maximize the functionality of indoor spcae.
CONCEPT OF WEAVING
Human habitation usually requires flat land, and development starts with site formation. Retaining wall and terraces usually come as an intermediate product in the process. The concept of the project is to reinterpret their relationship and roles in forming spaces. In particular, weaving of retaining wall is taken as the key concept in bringing continuity and serving as circulatory routes.
DEFINING GEOMETRIC RULES
The geometries are not created abruptly but with reference to the existing landscape and sets of parameters. The rules are defined and examined through series of hand sketches and CAD drawings with reference to plans, sections and elevations.
STROLLABILITY /
UNILATERAL
CORRIDOR IN ACTION Studio Project / Fall 2015 corridor in housing is usually a dead space which contains no program. It is for efficiency, safety and its pure function as circulation. The design introduces some communal programs to revive the mini-neighborhood.
4 TARGETED CRITERIA
STRUCTURAL INTEGRATION
STICKING
ACTIVATION OF SPACE + STAYING
ACTIVATION OF SPACE + STAYING
Communal not only but also for which
#SHARED LIVING #COMMUNAL SPACE #SPATIAL VARIETY #DOUBLE HEIGHT #SLAB BLOCK #HOUSING
A
COMMUNAL PRIVATE Blurring private-communal threshold COMMUNAL PRIVATE Providing immediate communal space Enhancing Strollability Grid System Modularity Sandwiching Visual connection Visual obstruction Design Agenda How / Implementation Ease of adaptation to any speci c site / Flexibility COMMUNAL PRIVATE PRIVATE Double Higher incentives to stay than to walk past Layering and Density More options of space provided as a prototype Activation of communal space Negotiation between de nite private/communal space Gradtion COMMUNAL PRIVATE Blurring private-communal threshold COMMUNAL PRIVATE Providing immediate communal space Enhancing Strollability Grid System Modularity Sandwiching Visual connection Visual obstruction Design Agenda How / Implementation Ease of adaptation to any speci c site / Flexibility COMMUNAL PRIVATE PRIVATE Double aspect Semi-private vestibule before entrance to units Extrusions Higher incentives to stay than to walk past Layering and Density More options of space provided as a prototype Activation of communal space Negotiation between de nite private/communal space Gradtion of Privacy -Introducing semi-private space PRIVATESEMI-PRIVATECOMMUNAL PRIVATE-COMMUNAL INTERFACE 4 TARGETED CRITERIA STROLLABILITY / EXPLORABILITY STRUCTURAL INTEGRATION ISOLATION PRIVATESEMI-PRIVATECOMMUNAL INTEGRATION UNILATERAL MULTILATERAL STICKING WEAVING Communal space and private space should be gradually integrated, instead of being in a state of total isolation. Bridges and blocks which have di erent structural languages can be weaved together to achieve a better level of structural integration. Strollability can be enhanced if the communal corridor o ers more options of routes and types of spatial linkages.
PASSING PASSING
corridor should provide
passing space,
space
staying
houses activities and further activates the whole space. PRIVATESEMI-PRIVATECOMMUNAL PRIVATE-COMMUNAL INTERFACE
EXPLORABILITY
ISOLATION PRIVATESEMI-PRIVATECOMMUNAL INTEGRATION
MULTILATERAL
WEAVING Communal space and private space should be gradually integrated, instead of being in a state of total isolation. Bridges and blocks which have di erent structural languages can be weaved together to achieve a better level of structural integration. Strollability can be enhanced if the communal corridor o ers more options of routes and types of spatial linkages.
PASSING PASSING
Communal corridor should provide not only passing space, but also space for staying which houses activities and further activates the whole space. COMMUNAL PRIVATE Blurring private-communal threshold COMMUNAL PRIVATE Providing immediate communal space Enhancing Strollability Grid System Modularity Sandwiching Visual connection Visual obstruction Design Agenda How / Implementation Ease of adaptation to any speci c site / Flexibility COMMUNAL PRIVATE PRIVATE Double aspect Semi-private vestibule before entrance to units Extrusions Higher incentives to stay than to walk past Layering and Density More options of space provided as a prototype Activation of communal space Negotiation between de nite private/communal space Gradtion of Privacy -Introducing semi-private space 32 HOUSING HABITATION
SPATIAL VARIATY
By manipulating the density and planar arrangement of the public corridor, different communal programs can actually be inserted to the usually-dead, only-functional space
WORK / LIVE CUBES
Modularity is the fundamental concept of the hybrid project. With workspace provided in residence, the integration provides the youth a new mode of living. Inspired by the traditional mode of living in a shophouse, and the new mode of retailing, consignment store (格仔鋪), the Work/ Live Cubes showcases the new way of living.
HOUSING HABITATION#PUBLIC/PRIVATE #HYBRID SPACE #PORTAL FRAME #MODULARITY
Studio Project / Spring 2016
34 #前舖後居 #SHOPHOUSE #格仔鋪 #CONSIGNMENT STORE
SITE
The nature of hybrid space is informed by the site analysis.
Prince Edward is a shopping and horticultural hub. To encourage mixed-use in the residual space, the residences are also mixed with workspaces like urban farms, creative commons and shophouses.
花墟 花園街排檔 COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES 新世紀廣場 聯合廣場 始創中心 Fa Yuen Street Hawker Stalls 1B. Themed shopping malls 2. Street level shops (G/F-3/F) 3. O ces and upstairs shops 4. Hawker stalls 5. Hotels Flower Market (Florists) (Fish and Aquarium Supplies) 5 5 2 2 2 1A+3 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 1A+3 MOKO Pioneer Centre Allied Plaza 1A. Typical shopping malls 1B 1B 金都商場 Golden Plaza 1B Commercial Commercial + Residential (Mixed) 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 金魚街 Goldfish Street (Clothings) (Weddingrelated) (Fashion) (Birds) 2 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 3 2 5 3 3 3 Nathan Road Prince Edward Road West1 2 3 4 Site 1 and 2 are the selected sites. NullahRoad NORTH LaiChiKokRoad OPEN SPACE AND GREENERY 花墟徑 FlowerMarketPath Yuen Po Street Bird Garden 園圃街雀鳥花園 1. The sites will be taking up the existing green space and trees are likely to be removed. 2. The whole urban area is compact, except the Northeastern part which leads to Kowloon Tong. The high concentration of green space at that part gives rise to a signi cantly lower density here. Open Space Sham Shui Po Tai Kok Tsui Tai Hang East / Shek Kip Mei Kowloon Tong Mong Kok RESIDENTIAL DENSITY AND BUILDING AGE Residential Commercial + Residential (Mixed) 46 51 20 8 13 16 16 19 7 40 50 59 64 40 58 58 37 53 50 53 53 53 43 4137 36 51 59 24 39 37 51 42 41 55 55 44 57 51 46 53 58 52 53 42 49 51 52 42 51 21 53 51 57 41 44 54 52 56 61 59 44 21 36 35 46 49 4450 43 50 41 51 504849 4932 24 26 30 36 42 80 Grade II Historic Buildings from 1930s being revitalized by Urban Renewal Authority 58 26 41 51 57 58 42 39 49 43 43 The majority of residential buildings were built in 1950s-60s in the form of traditional Tong Laus and mid-rise apartments. A scatter of highly noticeable tower blocks were gradually replacing the old buildings since 1990s. At present, the tallest buildings in the area have 20-30 storeys. The numbers in the diagram denote the age of the buildings. 0-25 years (built from 1991-2016) 26-50 years (built from 1966-1990) 50+ years (built before 1966) TRANSPORTATION: VEHICULAR FLOW Located at the heart of the city, the vehiclular ow is in general heavy. In particular, site 1 and site 2 are accessible with secondary streets while being situated along the primary links of the city. Heavy tra c + Congestion Heavy tra c Occasional heavy tra c Light tra c but with regular loading/unloading of goods Light tra c Heavy but e cient tra c Restricted tra c TRANSPORTATION: PEDESTRIAN FLOW With busy tra c, pedestrian circulation is mainly determined by the zebra crossings. Planters along the roads or in the parks also guide and restrict the circulatory pathway. In particular, ambiguity starts to emerge when more freedom is given to pedestrians, i.e. when they are crossing roads with occasional tra c only. Undesirable Entities There are two rubbish collecting points next to site 1 and site 2. Also, the elevated expressway of Prince Edward Road West is associated with problems like noise pollution and air pollution. Residents would like to avoid staying too close to these undesirable entities. UNDESIRABLE ENTITIES Rubbish Collecting Point Rubbish Collecting Point Elevated Road
FEATURES
ADAPTABILITY
The modular system employed allows adaptability to the site constraints as well as program needs. That said, the unit types are standardized and can be arranged according to the site.
0. Modular Frame
1. Unit Plans
2. Floor Plans0
2 1
DRAWING THE PUBLIC UP
The public space is indeed extended up to ‘street’ floors in the building, which is the storefront of the home business each household operates.
urban farm
creative commons shophouses
yellow - workspace blue - residential space3 parts
STREET - extension of workspace/shops - public
SHARED LOUNGE
- entrance lobby shared by a few flats - semi-private
N
HYBRID SPACE
The residential space (blue) is always accompanied by the workspace (yellow) to promote a work/live mode of living like those of traditional shophouses.
SYSTEM
The drawing shows how the portal frame system works as a structure, envelope and spatial components.
WU KING TIM ARCH 4605 Building Technology 5 Building Systems Integration Building Elements: green roof substrate b. filter layer c. drainage layer d. protection mat e. waterproof membrane f. insulation g. vapor control layer h. cast-in-situ concrete parapet i. loose-laid retention angle j. glass balustrade assembly k. full-height glass assembly l. sliding door assembly m. drywall n. batt insulation steel studs (channel) p. cast-in-situ concrete topping q. electrical wiring steel decking steel floor frame (channel + I-beam) t. steel beam (I-beam) u. steel column (angle) chamfered steel plate w. beam cover steel plate x. staircase assembly y. water pipes water tank v b c d g h hh h q k p m s u z y u u u v v x x n p p s r k w y
FABRICATION
MODULAR FURNITURE FOR SUB-DIVIDED UNIT USERS
Community Project / Fall 2017 / +Jimmy Li
After surveying a sub-divided unit in Sham Shui Po and getting to know the needs of our user, we designed a set of three modular furniture which provides the flexibility as storage, writing desk and dining table.
#COMMUNITY #VOLUNTARY WORK #SUB-DIVIDED UNITS #CHOICE OF ASSEMBLY #MODULAR DESIGN #FURNITURE
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Site of Installation: Two sets of modular furniture with the programes of writing desk & closet are installed. Bed frames rearranged The installation of the furniture can actually open up the upper level of the bunk bed. 2 3 5 4 8 9 11 12 13 1 2 3 4 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Wind w (Unopenable) with xhaust fan Air Conditioner Bunk bed Bunk bed olding table (Upsid d wn) ill Lamp Toilet tissue Clothes and owels Shoes and bottles Monitor B Foldable olley Pei Ho S t Sham Shui P 6 0 7 0 1 0 0 800 7 6 2 8 9 5 3 A B C 1 4 800 6 0 2 1 4400 00 2 2 0 22 0 5 3 1 3 1 3 6 0 1 7 0 1 2 18 4 1 1 0 0 800 1 3 1 2 1 1 5 764 1 1 1 8 2 0
The temporary structure attempts to merge playspace with event space, creating a new hybrid that focalizes the space while entertaining visitors. The play modules allow flexible configurations in different scenarios.
Organizer: West Kowloon Cultural District Authority Site: West Kowloon Cultural District #PUBLIC SPACE #PLAYSCAPE #EVENT SPACE #MODULARITY #TEMPORARY #ADAPTABILITY HONG KONG YOUNG ARCHITECTS+ DESIGNERS COMPETITION 2017 42 PLAYVILION Competition Entry / Summer 2017 / +Teresina Ho
TERRACE HOUSE Studio Project / Spring 2014
A circulatory route escalating right at the front facade allows extensive terracing at the house. Each interior space is with an immediate outdoor space. Unlike separate balconies, it is a walkable route leading to the roof.
1/F 2/F 4/F Floor Plan (1:50) Child’s Bedroom Child’s Bedroom Bathroom Playroom Kitchen / Dining Living Elderly’s Bedroom Bathroom Foyer Bedroom Rooftop (Inaccessible) 2/F 3/F Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) 3/F 4/F Topview Bedroom Bathroom Bedroom Bathroom Rooftop (Inaccessible) (Inaccessible) 1/F 2/F 3/F 4/F Storage (Under Terrace) HOUSE HABITATION#PUBLIC/PRIVATE #DAYLIGHTING #CIRCULATION #PUSH AND PULL #INDOOR/OUTDOOR #TERRACE
43 3/F 4/F Topview Bedroom Bathroom Bedroom Bathroom Rooftop (Inaccessible) (Inaccessible) 1/F 2/F 3/F 4/F Storage (Under Terrace) 1/F 2/F 3/F 4/F Topview Floor Plan (1:50) Child’s Bedroom Child’s Bedroom Bathroom Playroom Kitchen / Dining Living Elderly’s Bedroom Bathroom Foyer Bedroom Bathroom Bedroom Bathroom Rooftop (Inaccessible) (Inaccessible) 1/F 2/F 3/F 4/F Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) 1/F 2/F 3/F 4/F Topview Floor Plan (1:50) Child’s Bedroom Child’s Bedroom Bathroom Playroom Kitchen / Dining Living Elderly’s Bedroom Bathroom Foyer Bedroom Bathroom Bedroom Bathroom Rooftop (Inaccessible) (Inaccessible) 1/F 2/F 3/F 4/F Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace) Storage (Under Terrace)
PARK Reinforced concrete structure with natural landscape and plantations on top CENTRAL ATRIUM Public reading space READING CAVES More private reading and study space SEMINAR ROOM Space for lectures and meetings MULTI-PURPOSE ROOM Space for open-ended functions RING OF BOOKS (UPPER) Reading space showcasing different categories of books in each sphere CAFE BLOCKS AND REAR ENTRANCE Connecting to the back of the mountain and and provide entrance for people from the other side RING OF BOOKS (LOWER) A children’s playground with books around OFFICE BLOCKS Administration area MAIN ENTRANCE Housing receptions space and cloakroom OCULUS Linking the interior space and the exterior shell; Providing lighting to the underground library EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC DIAGRAM INFRASTRUCTURE #SITE RESPONSE #CONCRETE SHELLS #UNDERGROUND #MUNICIPAL #TOPOGRAPHY #CAMOUFLAGE MOUNTAIN LIBRARY Studio Project / Spring 2015 This invisible municipal amenity humbly hides itself. With concrete shells forming the envelope and interior spaces, soil is backfilled on top to recover the hilly park at the original site, burying the library under natural topography. 44 PLANS 1:100 CIRCULATION 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 14 15 16 ENTRANCE FLOOR FIRST FLOOR SECOND FLOORPODIUM lightwell lightwell lightwell Central oculus Main roads Main entrance Rear entrance Lighting slots Accessible rooftop park SITE
01 Altering topography 02 Simply plugging in 03 Fitting in the landscape A B C - Stadium D E - Library/Market/ Post Office Complex F G - Power Station H - Slaughterhouse F I - Toilet J K - Hospital L - Police Station H A F J I K B C D G E Municipal Plugins Study through Axonometric/Plan
啟德大道公園 office / ANDREW LEE KING FUN & ASSOCIATES ARCHITECTS LTD. (ALKF) client / ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT (ASD), HKSAR GOV. user / LEISURE AND CULTURAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT (LCSD), HKSAR GOV. KAI TAK AVENUE PARK SITE AREA: 3.2 HECTARES PROGRAM: PUBLIC PARK COST: $300M DATE OF OPENING: 7 DEC 2021 46 BUILT PROJECT Planning Stage Construction Stage Maintenance Period / Improvement Works 2011-2017 2018-2021 2021-2022
office / ANDREW LEE KING FUN & ASSOCIATES ARCHITECTS LTD. (ALKF)
client / ARCHITECTURAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT (ASD), HKSAR GOV.
users /
- HONG KONG POLICE FORCE (HKPF)
- FOOD & ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE DEPT. (FEHD)
- ELECTRICAL & MECHANICAL SERVICES DEPT. (EMSD)
- GOVERNMENT LOGISTICS DEPT. (GLD)
- GOVERNMENT LABORATORY (GL)
CHAI WAN GOVERNMENT COMPLEX & VEHICLE DEPOT (DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION)
Tender & Design Stage Construction Stage Anticipated Completion 2020 20212024
SITE AREA: 7010 sqm
GFA: 39400 sqm
CFA: 44600 sqm
PROGRAM: POLICE VEHICLE POUND & EXAMINATION CENTRE; VEHICLE DEPOT FOR FEHD, EMSD, GLD; PUBLIC LABORATORY
COST: $1,585M (2021)
USE CLASSIFICATION (FS CODE): INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
PARAMETERIZATION
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BUILT PROJECT CONCEPT DESIGN
SELECTED PROFESSIONAL WORK Internship and Year-out 2015-2017 office / AXIS OF SPIN ARCHITECTURE
office / BIO-ARCHITECTURE FORMOSANA, TAIPEI
project / TAIWAN WATER CORPORATION COMPLEX, TAICHUNG, TAIWAN
2015 / Designing the courtyard and entrance
office / ARCHITECTURE DESIGN AND RESEARCH GROUP (/ UNSTUDIO JOINT VENTURE)
project / WEST KOWLOON CULTURAL DISTRICT LYRIC THEATRE COMPLEX AND ASSOCIATED COMMON BASEMENT
2016-17 / Drawing production and calculations for General Building Plan Submissions, Detail Design Stages and Tender Stage
Taking charge of fire compartmentation, smoke vent design coordination, room data sheet and BIM coordination among all sub-consultants
project / TWGHS RESTORED LANDFILL REVITALIZATION FUNDING SCHEME (TSEUNG KWAN O) BIDDING (ECO-VILLAGE)
2017 / Master Plan and Project Coordination
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FIELD WORK
On-site Construction 2014, 2015, 2018
led by / RURAL URBAN FRAMEWORK project / GER INNOVATION HUB, ECO TOWN / ЭКО ХОТХОН
2018 / Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
led by / OLIVIER OTTEVAERE AND JOHN LIN project / THE SWEEP 2014 / Yunnan, China
led by / DONN HOLOHAN project / STEAM-BENDING BENCH
2015 / Hong Kong
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EXHIBITIONS
Public Exihibits 2016, 2018, 2019
exhibition / HKIA REVEAL 2 EXHIBITION project / MODELSTREE IN ARTISTREE –STACK YOUR DREAM HOME
2016 / ArtisTree, Taikoo, Hong Kong
2018 / PMQ, Central, Hong Kong contributions: panels
exhibition / UNDERGROUND SPACE DEVELOPMENT DESIGN IDEAS COMPETITION WINNING ENTRIES ROVING EXHIBITION project / ACROSS THE SKY
collaborators: Fai Au, Philip Li, 20+ designers contributions: two boxes of design ideas exhibition / HKU DEGREE SHOW 2019 project / MINIMAL PAPER (THESIS - DISTINCTION)
2018 / Central + North Point + Kowloon Park + Homantin + Science Museum, Hong Kong
2019 / University of Hong Kong
advisor: Olivier Ottevaere exhibition / ARCHIGRAM MEETS CENTRAL project / CLAY FOR CONCRETE
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MISCELLANY Arts, Drawings, Graphics, Photography, Models 2012-2019 52 documentation: Arab World Institute, Jean Nouvel Complete Unit (Open) Anchor Backing Plane Facade Unit (Close) Front Axonometric (1:15) Facade Unit (Close) Back Axonometric (1:15) Facade Unit (Open) Front Axonometric (1:15) 10 Facade Unit (Close) Front Elevation (1:20) Facade Unit (Close) Back Elevation (1:20)12 Facade Unit (Open) Front Elevation (1:20) Facade Unit (Open) Back Elevation (1:20)14 Facade Unit (Open) Back Axonometric (1:15) Facade Modeling Axonometric17 Glass Transparent Plastic Sheet (with negligible thickness) Facade Frame 1.5mm Cardboard in 1:100 Model 1mm Cardboard A+B+C+D B C D Engraved by Laser Cutting Engraved by Laser Cutting Complete Unit (Open) Anchor Backing Plane Facade Unit (Close) Front Axonometric (1:15)7 Facade Unit (Close) Back Axonometric (1:15)8 Facade Unit (Open) Front Axonometric (1:15)9 10 Facade Unit (Close) Front Elevation (1:20)11 Facade Unit (Close) Back Elevation (1:20)12 Facade Unit (Open) Front Elevation (1:20)13 Facade Unit (Open) Back Elevation (1:20)14 Facade Unit (Open) Back Axonometric (1:15) Facade Modeling17 Glass Transparent Plastic Sheet (with negligible thickness) Facade Frame 1.5mm Cardboard in 1:100 Model 1mm Cardboard A+B+C+D A C D Engraved by Laser Cutting Engraved by Laser Cutting N Group B5 Title: Scale: to fit A0SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVEKhashaa Survey 1A Family of 4 Father (41, Carpenter) Mother (39, Worker at Water Services Company) - Elder Daughter (18, College Student) - Younger Daughter (3, Kindergarten Kid) Ng Pan Chi, Ava Yau Kai Shing, Real Wu King TimSelf-built house (2011-) Excrement Watsewater Storage Tank for both indoor and outdoor toilets Insulation Materials used in the house Floor Heating Materials used in the house Water Storage 1 Water tank to be refilled through a pipe across the window, directly disposed of from the water truck Water Storage 2 Water tanks leaving unenclosed, for irrigation and cleansing purposes Khashaa Area: 321 m Tuvshee’s House NGroup B5 Title: Scale: to fit A0SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVEKhashaa Survey 2 Chimgee’s House A Family of 4 Father (39, Blacksmith) Mother (39, Chef at Eco-Town) - Elder Daughter (18,Law Student) - Younger Daughter (7, Kindergarten Kid) 2 Ger Occupants - Grandmother - Grandmother’s son+ Ng Pan Chi, Ava Yau Kai Shing, Real Wu King TimSelf-built house (2011-), Moved from countryside to Ulaanbaatar since 2000 Khashaa Area: 426 m Heating Mass heated by the stove and distributing heat by radiation to the whole house Ash Tray on the wall to collect excess ash from the stove Regulator, controlling the amount of heat releasedWater Storage Water tank to be refilled and carried to the nearest water kiosk Rainwater Collection Tank at the edge and corner of the roof documentation: Mongolian Khashaa (household)
1:15000 / A3 Sha Tin Prince of Wales Hospital Sha Tin Hospital ShaTinStation New Town Plaza 500m catchment area Sha Tin Racecourse / Penfold Park Fo Tan Industrial Area Shek Mun Industrial Area Sports Centre / Library Union Hospital Sports Centre Sports Centre Sports Centre Swimming Pool Swimming Pool Library TaiWaiStation Hong Kong Heritage Museum Sports Ground Town Hall / Library / Court Gov. Offices Home Square Sha Tin Park FoTanStation 1:15000 / A3 Kwun Tong United Christian Hospital KwunTongStation apm Yue Man Square Megabox Kai Tak Cruise Terminal Kwun Tong Ferry Pier Kowloon Bay Station NgauTauKokStation LamTinStation Telford Plaza 500m catchment area Swimming Pool Sports Centre Sports Centre Swimming Pool Swimming Pool Library Sports Centre / Library Sports Centre / Library Kowloon Bay Commercial Area Kwun Tong Industrial / Commercial AreaKwun Tong Promenade land use survey: Kwun Tong and Shatin
