707111 History of Western Art by wutt b

Baroque Period The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music. The style started around 1600 in Rome, Italy and spread to most of Europe. The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent, in response to the Protestant Reformation, that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement. The aristocracy also saw the dramatic style of Baroque architecture and art as a means of impressing visitors and expressing triumphant power and control. Baroque palaces are built around an entrance of courts, grand staircases and reception rooms of sequentially increasing opulence.

Baroque Period According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word baroque is derived from the Portuguese word "barroco", Spanish "barroco", or French "baroque", all of which refer to a "rough or imperfect pearl", though whether it entered those languages via Latin, Arabic, or some other source is uncertain. A century ago, the EncyclopĂŚdia Britannica 11th edition, thought the term was derived from the Spanish barrueco, a large, irregularly-shaped pearl, and it was for a time confined to the craft of the jeweler. Others derive it from the mnemonic term "Baroco" denoting, in logical Scholastica, a supposedly labored form of syllogism.

Baroque Period In informal usage, the word baroque can simply mean that something is "elaborate", with many details, without reference to the Baroque styles of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The term "Baroque" was initially used with a derogatory meaning, to underline the excesses of its emphasis. In particular, the term was used to describe its eccentric redundancy and noisy abundance of details, which sharply contrasted the clear and sober rationality of the Renaissance. Although it was long thought that the word as a critical term was first applied to architecture*. *in fact it appears earlier in reference to music, in an anonymous, satirical review of the premiĂ¨re in October 1733 of Jean-Philippe Rameauâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Hippolyte et Aricie, printed in the Mercure de France in May 1734. The critic implied that the novelty in this opera was "du barocque", complaining that the music lacked coherent melody, was filled with unremitting dissonances, constantly changed key and meter, and speedily ran through every compositional device.

Baroque Artists Main Presentation

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Caravaggio Peter Paul Rubens Rembrandts Diego Velázquez Jan Vermeer Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (29 September 1571 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 18 July 1610) was an Italian artist active in Rome, Naples, Malta, and Sicily between 1593 and 1610. His paintings, which combine a realistic observation of the human state, both physical and emotional, with a dramatic use of lighting, had a formative influence on the Baroque school of painting.

Portrait of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio by Ottavio Leoni C.1621

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (29 September 1571 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 18 July 1610)

Michelangelo Merisi da

Caravaggio (29 September 1571 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 18 July 1610)

Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (29 September 1571 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 18 July 1610)

Michelangelo Merisi da

Caravaggio (29 September 1571 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 18 July 1610)

Peter Paul Rubens (28 (28 June 1577 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 30 May 1640), 1640), was a Flemish Baroque painter, and a proponent of an extravagant Baroque style that emphasized movement, colour, and sensuality.He is well-known for his Counter-Reformation altarpieces, portraits, landscapes, and history paintings of mythological and allegorical subjects.

Peter Paul Rubens (28 June 1577 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 30 May 1640)

Peter Paul Rubens (28 (28 June 1577 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 30 May 1640) 1640)

Peter Paul Rubens (28 June 1577 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 30 May 1640)

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

was a Dutch painter and etcher. He is generally considered one of the greatest painters and printmakers in European art history and the most important in Dutch history. His contributions to art came in a period that historians call the Dutch Golden Age.

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

Etching Works

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

Etching Works

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

Etching Works

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

Etching Works

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

Etching Works

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

Etching Works

Rembrandts Harmenszoon van Rijn (15 July 1606 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 4 October 1669)

Diego Velázquez (June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660) Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez

was a Spanish painter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary Baroque period, important as a portrait artist. In addition to numerous renditions of scenes of historical and cultural significance, he painted scores of portraits of the Spanish royal family, other notable European figures, and commoners, culminating in the production of his masterpiece Las Meninas (1656).

Diego Velázquez (June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660)

Spanish: “Las Meninas” “The Maids of Honour” between 1656 and 1657 Diego Velázquez (June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660)

^ Statue in Madrid (C. García, 19th cent.). Statue in Madrid (A. Marinas, 1899) >

Diego Velázquez (June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660)

Jan Vermeer (31 October 1632 as Joannis, and buried in the same city under the name Jan on 15 December 1675) 1675) Johannes, Jan or Johan Vermeer

was a Dutch painter who specialized in exquisite, domestic interior scenes of middle class life. Vermeer was a moderately successful provincial genre painter in his lifetime. He seems never to have been particularly wealthy, leaving his wife and children in debt at his death, perhaps because he produced relatively few paintings.

Jan Vermeer (31 Oct.1632 Oct.1632 - 15 Dec. 1675) 1675)

Jan Vermeer (31 Oct. Oct.1632 1632 15 Dec. 1675 1675))

Jan Vermeer (31 Oct.1632 Oct.1632 - 15 Dec. 1675) 1675)

Jan Vermeer(31 Oct.1632 Oct.1632

- 15 Dec. 1675) 1675)

Jan Vermeer (31 Oct.1632 Oct.1632 - 15 Dec. 1675) 1675)

Gian Lorenzo Bernini (also spelled Gianlorenzo or Giovanni Lorenzo) (Naples, 7 December 1598 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Rome, 28 November 1680) 1680)

was an Italian artist who worked principally in Rome. He was the leading sculptor of his age and also a prominent architect. In addition he painted, wrote plays, and designed metalwork and stage sets.