December 24, 2022

Sheep Info

The Wyoming Wool Initiative is in the process of building a sheep shearing directory to help connect producers and shearers across the state. Individuals who shear sheep in Wyoming and are interested in connecting with producers should visit the Wyoming Wool Initiative website at uwyo.edu/wyowool/ or send a direct message on Facebook with their name and contact information, travel area, head per day and flock size restrictions.

Snow Report

In the second snow report for Water Year 2023, current Wyoming Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) data reads 111% of median with a basin high of 142% and a basin low of 47%. Last year, the state was at 79% and at 83% in 2020.

The SNOTEL report and a map displaying basin Snow Water Equivalent percentages of median for the state can be found at wrds.uwyo. edu/wrds/nrcs.html

New Director

U.S. President Joe Biden is working to elevate Cindy McCain, widow of the late Republican Sen. John McCain, as the executive director of the World Food Program (WFP), Axios reported on Dec. 16. Cindy McCain is currently serving as the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations agencies for food and agriculture. In addition to McCain, Biden officials have also recommended David Lane, former U.S. ambassador, to WFP for the post.

U.S. Drought

For the contiguous 48 states, the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) showed 53.2% of the area in moderate drought or worse on Dec. 13, compared with 55.48% a week earlier. Drought now affects 116,360,638 people, compared with 125,907,730 a week earlier. For all 50 U.S. states and Puerto Rico, the USDM showed 44.51% of the area in moderate drought or worse, compared with 46.41% a week earlier. Drought now affects 117,141,480 people, compared with 126,688,695 a week earlier.

WGFD gives updates during joint wildlife committee meeting

Casper – During the Wyoming Natural Resource Rendezvous Convention and Trade Show on Dec. 7, the Wyoming Stock Growers Association (WSGA), Wyoming Association of Conser-

vation Districts and Wyoming Wool Growers Association hosted a joint wildlife committee meeting and heard several updates from the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD).

Mussel infestations

“As of October 2022, WGFD has inspected 65,500 boats in the state of Wyoming,” said Craig Smith, WGFD deputy chief of the Wildlife Division.

Of the boats inspected, roughly 4,750 were considered high risk or showed “other” high risk potential. Of the 4,750 boats, 691 decontaminations were conducted

Please see WGFD on page 15

Surviving Winter Chill

FEEDING MANAGEMENT PRACTICES CAN HELP CATTLE BATTLE COLD STRESS

“Cold stress, defined as a lower critical temperature, is the temperature below which a resting animal must increase its metabolic rate to stay warm. The actual air temperature when this occurs varies, depending in large part, on the amount of insulation an animal has. Thickness of the hair coat and whether the hair is dry, wet and/or matted are major influencers,” explains Bill Halfman, University of Wisconsin-Madison Extension beef outreach specialist, in a Farm Progress article published Dec. 1.

With winter well under way in the West, are facing snowy, windy weather, and cowherds are battling cold stress. Halfman offers advice on specific feeding management practices to help cattle handle cold stress.

Cold stress

According to Halfman, the critical lower temperature for cattle with a wet or summer coat is 59 degrees Fahrenheit, and the critical lower temperature for cattle with a dry, fall coat is 45 degrees Fahrenheit.

Additionally, cattle with a dry, winter coat have a lower critical temperature of 32 degrees Fahrenheit, and cattle with a dry, heavy, winter coat have a lower critical temperature of 18 degrees Fahrenheit.

These numbers assume no wind chill. However, Halfman points out it is critical to include wind chill when calculating how many degrees below a cow’s critical temperature it is, in order to estimate the severity of

Sheep Research

UW professor shares sheep research findings and gives overview of current work

Casper – The Wyoming Natural Resource Rendezvous Convention and Trade Show at the Ramkota Hotel and Convention Center in Casper Dec. 5-8 hosted a variety of speakers, breakout sessions, committee meetings, a trade show and luncheon banquets.

During the event, University of Wyoming (UW) Department of Animal Science Assistant Professor Cody Gifford shared findings of several sheep research projects with attendees, as well as provided information on current research projects.

Sheep study

One UW research study titled “Effects of harvest season on carcass characteristics of lamb in the Intermountain West” looked at hot carcass weight (HCW), 12th rib fat thickness (RFT), body-wall thickness, longissimus muscle area, U.S. Department of Agriculture yield grade (USDA YG), percentage closely trimmed retail cuts and calculated yield grade (Calc YG).

Data from 10,027 lamb carcass characteristics was collected from two commercial processing plants on

VFD update on the horizon

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has slated the implementation of a new veterinary feed directive (VFD), which will go into effect June 11, 2023.

This updated VFD is the final wave of a 20-year effort to maintain the effectiveness and judicious use of antimicrobials in the livestock industry and will require a veterinarian-ordered prescription of all antimicrobials, including antibiotics, currently found over-the-counter (OTC).

During an AgriTalk podcast episode released Dec. 13, Host Davis Michaelson sits down with Dr. Sandra Stuttgen, a veterinarian and associate professor at the University of Wisconsin, to discuss the coming VFD update.

“FDA has been working on this for the past 20 years. It is part of their initiative to push for the judicious use of antimicrobials in the veterinary community and the human medical community,” explains Stuttgen. “The original VFD was issued in January 2017, and this is the last part of the initiative. We are planning on taking all of the remaining antibiotics currently found OTC and switching their labels so they can only be purchased under the order of a licensed veterinarian.”

Animals and products

According to Stuttgen, the updated VFD will apply to all food animals including cattle, hogs, sheep, goats and poultry as well as non-food animals including horses, pet rabbits, backyard chickens and bees.

Michaelson points out a lot of products included in the new VFD are very common in livestock production and have generally been widely available and easy to obtain.

Markets and management discussed

The Kansas State University (KSU) Beef Cattle Institute’s (BCI) podcast Cattle Chat hosted KSU Veterinarian Bob Larson and KSU Associate Professor Dustin Pendell to discuss market trends and opportunities for the cow/calf producer, in addition to some winter pasture management considerations.

Slaughter cow rate

Recently, the industry has seen an increase in cull and sale cows and heifers moving to slaughter. Cattle Chat Host Brad White asks Larson and Pendell how this is affecting operations and cow/calf producers.

“There is an impact today, but in six

to nine months, 12 months to years down the road, when we start seeing a smaller supply of cattle, it’s going to translate to upward pressure on prices assuming demand,” says Pendell.

Moving into the future, livestock have the potential to be worth more. Larson and White suggest if producers have the resources and feed, they may want to consider purchasing some of these animals at a bargain price, compared to an increased price in the future.

“Purchasing replacement heifers and feeder cows has both good and bad components,” mentions Larson. “The good

The Weekly News Source for Wyoming’s Ranchers, Farmers and AgriBusiness Community • www.wylr.net

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An angel came down to see me this morning, about the carpenter and his bride; He gave instructions then left without warning, I was chosen to be Mary’s ride.

I’m just an ol’ donkey, a right lowly beast, called to carry the mother of God; I’m awkward and furry, homely at the least, and my poor voice is simply just odd.

The assignment I have is really more fit, for a noble and a comely steed; but I’m the one that was given charge of it, so, I accept this mantle indeed.

I place my steps softly and watch where I walk, making certain that I do not fall; I try to stay silent, work hard not to balk, and I strive to make no noise at all.

She bears the Messiah, I carry them both, an incumbrance with which I am blessed; I labor earnestly to fulfill my oath, and pause only as she needs to rest.

The road is rugged and my cargo divine, I humbly execute my task; now I wish to tarry, a home to be mine, but I know that I just cannot ask.

As I turn to walk away from the stable, she touches my soft cheek with her hand; I would speak to her if I were just able, but somehow, she can still understand.

She gestures to a spot that I might bed down, to witness a miracle tonight; as a Savior is born, a king with no crown, and the heavens attest that it’s right.

A modest birth in a humble surrounding, is the way the Redeemer came in; he came to this world with blessings abounding, to free man from the bondage of sin.

I guess it’s fitting that a donkey like me, was called to deliver a new king; so, I lay here tonight completely carefree, and rejoice as herald angels sing.

What is the greatest challenge the U.S. beef industry faces? I have asked this question frequently since becoming involved in the beef industry. You might expect to hear answers relating to rising input costs, urban development, water resources or supply chain disruptions. However, one issue rises above the rest –the availability of labor.

Drive down Main Street anywhere in America, and I would be surprised if one did not see a handful of businesses displaying signs reading “help wanted” or “now hiring.” Challenges in the labor market are being felt in all sectors of business, not just agriculture.

To make a tough issue tougher, even when labor is available, prospective can-

didates are often deficient in key areas considered essential by the employer.

How are we going to overcome this challenge? When facing an endeavor of this complexity, it is essential to first review what strategies have been implemented in the past and determine their effectiveness.

Next, we must seek to understand the motivations of the available workforce. What gets candidates excited about their work? How do we motivate them to take ownership of our operation’s mission and goals? What are the best methods to increase satisfaction in the workplace, incentivize productivity and create an engaging culture?

Lastly, we need to utilize the conclusions drawn from

the two previous steps to stimulate innovative recruitment strategies to attract prospective candidates, then engage and develop them once hired. This extra step is key to maximize their value to the operation and secure the future success of both employee and employer.

Recruiting the right team

Two of the most popular strategies for recruiting the right team members are reaching out to personal and industry contacts and displaying positions in a digital format on a company website, job board, social media, etc. Radio, print and outdoor advertising are used to a lesser extent.

Utilizing networks may identify qualified candidates at a higher rate, but it will likely generate a limited

number of them. This can be problematic for organizations needing to fill multiple roles.

Digital recruitment is complex. Its strength is its ability to reach numerous candidates at an inexpensive, or sometimes free, rate in different geographic areas, industries and social circles.

This method also has some weaknesses. It can produce a high volume of candidates, which increases the amount of time invested in sorting applications and evaluating candidates. Also, some candidates may show less commitment in early stages of the interview process because they are seeking placement in multiple positions and have not yet

Please see ASSET on page 4

– Andy Nelson, Clear Out West Radio

Prescribed burns planned

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) High Desert District (HDD) plans to conduct slash pile prescribed burns on Rock Springs Field Office-managed lands this winter.

Any burning is contingent upon fuel moisture and weather meeting optimal burn conditions, which are part of the specific treatment prescription parameters. Burning will only be conducted when the safety of personnel and the prescription for the treatment area can both be met.

The prescribed burning of piles will dispose of slash piles from the Iron Mountain Fuels Treatment project located in Sweetwater County, approximately 10 miles north of Dutch John, Utah.

During operations, smoke may be visible from relatively long distances but should dissipate rapidly due to the time of year and expected weather, the type and amount of material being treated and general atmospheric conditions in the area. The public and recreationists are urged to be aware of project areas and prescribed fire operations.

For more information, contact HDD Fire Management Officer Frank Keeler at 307-352-0282 or Fuels Specialist Rachele Oman at 307-352-0287.

USDA awarded funding

The National Association of State Departments of Agriculture (NASDA) has been awarded $925,000 through the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) Emerging Markets Program. The Emerging Markets Program helps organizations promote exports of U.S. agricultural products to developing countries with strong growth potential.

“We are excited for NASDA members to engage in critical discussions to support global market development and strengthen bilateral trade relationships,” NASDA CEO Ted McKinney said.

NASDA will use this funding to conduct market research in emerging markets in southeast Asia and Africa and organize outbound trade missions for state department of agriculture leaders to learn about the markets and engage in discussions with relevant parties in each country.

The research will be used to develop reports on the perception of U.S. agriculture, consumer preferences and non-tariff barriers to market access. NASDA will sponsor up to five members on outbound trade missions to the selected countries, where they will have discussions with government officials, industry leaders and agriculural producers.

The goal is to identify non-tariff barriers, establish partnerships with groups in the region and strengthen relationships to increase market access for U.S. agriculture.

Senate passes stopgap bill

On Dec. 15, the Senate voted to pass a stopgap bill to avert a government shutdown beginning Dec. 19, with funding currently set to expire on Dec. 23 at midnight. The vote was 71 to 19.

Now that it has passed the Senate, the bill will move to President Joe Biden to be signed into law. The House approved the measure on Dec. 14.

The stopgap measure will extend funding for another week – until Dec. 23 – to give congressional negotiators time to finalize a broader, full-year government funding deal with new topline spending levels.

In a sign of progress, top negotiators announced an agreement had been reached on Dec. 13 for a framework to put lawmakers on track to complete a sweeping full-year government funding package.

Senate Appropriations Committee Chairman Patrick Leahy (R-VT) said in a statement that he and ranking Republican Member Richard Shelby (R-AL) and House Appropriations Committee Chairwoman Rosa DeLauro (D-CT) had reached a bipartisan, bicameral framework, which should allow them to finish an omnibus appropriations bill, can pass the House and Senate and be signed into law by the president.

So far, however, negotiators have not provided many specifics about the agreement.

Land value data collected

In January and February of 2023, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) will conduct the Land Values Survey. NASS will reach out to more than 900 Arizona, Utah and Wyoming producers to accurately measure the value of farmland and buildings.

The survey asks participants to provide information about the market value of land and buildings owned, rented from others and rented to others. Other questions asked are cropland and pasture acreage, market value per acre, as well as percent change in total market value of all land and buildings.

As with all NASS surveys, information provided by respondents is confidential, as required by federal law. NASS safeguards the privacy of all responses and publishes only aggregate data, ensuring no individual operation or producer can be identified.

Results of this survey will be published in the Land Values Summary, which will be released on Aug. 4, 2023. For more information about NASS, visit nass.usda.gov/Publications. For state specific questions, contact Wyoming USDA NASS State Statistician Leslee Lohrenz at 800-392-3202.

WGFD acquires land

On Dec. 15, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) announced the Wyoming Game and Fish Commission (WGFC) recently acquired a 120-acre property that was previously inholding, surrounded by the Spence and Moriarity Wildlife Management Area (WMA).

The property near Duboius is important winter range for mule deer, elk, Bighorn sheep, pronghorn and other wildlife species.

“The property was landlocked on all sides, and we are excited to have it incorporated into the rest of the WMA,” Brian Rognon with Game and Fish’s Lands Administration said.

The 120 acres and the rest of the Spence and Moriarity Wildlife Management Area, as well as the Inberg Roy WMA are closed to human presence from Dec. 16 through May 15 each year.

8:30-9:00 Registration 9:00-9:15 Micah Most - “Opening” 9:15-10:15 Steve Paisley - “What the Industry is Doing to Keep Beef in the Center of the Plate” 10:15-10:30 Session Questions & Answers 10:30-10:45 Break 10:45-12:15 Caitlin Youngquist - “Soil Health & Regenerative Agriculture” 12:15-12:30 Session Questions & Answers 12:30-1:30 Lunch

1:30-2:30 Josh Stroh - “Selecting & Developing Profitable Heifers” 2:30-2:45 Session Questions & Answers 2:45-3:00 Break

3:00-4:15 Tara Kuipers - “Putting Your Values into Action” 4:15-4:30 Session Questions & Answers 4:30-5:30 Shopping & Cocktails

Pre-Register by January 5 th for $45. Registrations received after January 5 th are $50 (Includes Lunch)

Make checks payable to Johnson County CattleWomenPO Box 434, Buffalo, WY 82834

For a brochure or more information: jccattlewomen@hotmail.com www.johnsoncountycattlewomen.com

For Room Reservations Contact Host Hotel: Hampton Inn & Suites 85 US Highway 16 East Buffalo, WY 82834 • (307) 684-8899 Ask for the Johnson County CattleWomen Room Rate

Dear Santa

Well, hey there old pal! I haven’t written you in a while. I hope everyone in the North Pole is getting along just fine.

As you probably noticed from my postage, my address has changed since we last corresponded.

That’s right, I moved all the way from the swampy lands of northeast Texas to the windy hills of south central Montana. Which is what I need to talk to you about.

I married a rancher up here in the High Country,

which has opened me up to an entirely new world of agriculture. I’m learning a lot, but I’ve got some things on my list, if fulfilled, will help make my altitude adjustment smoother.

I would thoroughly enjoy an easy, not so breezy, calving season come March and April. This will be my fourth calving season here in Montana with my in-laws.

In 2020, I learned for the first time calving up north is not for the faint

of heart, nor the easily chilled.

After a few years of helping out during calving, I felt slightly more confident in my abilities to pitch in during calving season. It became routine for me to check our barn cameras on my phone every hour or so. I packed a few vaccine coolers without my husband Lane reminding me to.

I even ran from the house to the barn at full speed in hopes of tearing a bag off a calf’s nose. My hopes were squashed when my sister-in-law, who is much more agile than I, blew by me and got to said calf first, but we got the job done so it was worth it.

As I was saying, I felt like I was finally getting this whole Montana ranch wife thing down, then we decided to sync all of our

heifers up for 2023. Needless to say, I’ll have to buck up, bundle up and wise up.

The second thing on my list is some sort of machine or contraption which automatically opens and closes every gate in the world at the click of a button. As part of my ranch training, it’s often my duty to ride along in the pickup and learn about the task at hand.

Notable pickup lectures from this past year include how to properly roll out a round bale to hungry heifers, “this is what a water tank should look like if the pump is functioning correctly,” and my personal favorite, “what’s this gravel road actually called if the road sign reads something different?”

During this lecture series, which I assume will continue until I am able to

give the lectures to someone else 20 years from now, I am required to open many a gate for the professor of the day. Most of the time, I have no issue doing this. However, when the wind is blowing 60 miles an hour and there is no cheater latch to help me, it has proved to be difficult.

I would really appreciate if your elves could make a type of universalgate-opener remote for my time of need. I’m sure Mrs. Claus would enjoy something like this for reindeer activities as well.

As it is a custom to ask for three gifts, I have one last item on my list. This item may be harder than controlling the weather or crafting a universal gate remote.

For the last item on my Christmas list, I want you to keep giving my fam-

ily patience. I know a lot about ag on paper, I can talk about it with the best of them. Back home in Texas, I knew my role, the lay of the land and how to pitch in when needed, but I’m still new to the whole ranching in Montana thing.

My husband and inlaws have been great to me for four years. They’ve taught me more than I can remember and continue to do so, all with a smile.

Now, I don’t know if it’s you or God that’s given them the patience to put up with my clueless questions and ignorance when it comes to the appropriate time to wear long-johns, but whoever is doing it, please continue. I am incredibly grateful for the time, attitude and love.

XOXO, M.P. Cremer, a ranch wife still learning

established a relationship with our operations.

Understanding employee motivations

With these observations in place, effort can be directed to uncovering the motivations of the workforce. There is no one-size-fits-all approach. People’s motivations can be as diverse as the candidates themselves. However, there are a few key strategies that can be implemented with a high rate of success.

The most important strategy is to create a culture of value. The sage advice of “people don’t care how much you know until they know how much you care” rings true.

We need to be intentional within our businesses to not only meet the needs of our employees, but to exceed them where we can. Perhaps we could successfully recruit a candidate for a $50,000 annual salary, but what could we gain by offering $60,000?

Maybe they’d be happy to have basic health insurance, but what if we offered

to match their investments in a 401(k) program to help secure their future? Can we offer a side of beef to the mix? What about a company vehicle? Rural housing can be an issue. Can we provide housing?

It goes beyond compensation. Positions in the agricultural field rarely operate on a set schedule. Early mornings, late nights and weekends are part of the lifestyle. This industry is not for the faint of heart, as Mother Nature enjoys challenging us with drought, snow, mud, dust, floods, fires, heat, cold and more. Increasingly, today’s labor force desires intangible benefits.

Words like balance, flexibility, purpose and fulfillment are often used to describe these expectations. To put this in context, we can generate large dividends on small sacrifices by making our employees’ priorities our priorities.

For example, let’s say we need to vaccinate calves and have budgeted time on Sat-

urday for our crew to accomplish this task. However, three of our five employees had hoped to be done in time to go to their kid’s ball game.

As an employer, what could we gain by moving the processing to Monday? Our loss in terms of disease prevention is minimal by delaying vaccination 48 hours. However, by allowing our team to be present for their families, we have built trust, increased loyalty, boosted morale and strengthened their motivation to see our business succeed.

I would categorize all these non-tangible assets as “relationship capital.” Teams with high amounts of relationship capital will be more productive, take more ownership, produce higher-quality products and will collectively sacrifice more to achieve the shared goals of the organization.

Not only does this make the current team more effective and increase the longterm sustainability of the operation, but it has the potential to attract new candidates as the operation earns a reputation for being the premier place to work.

An elite organizational culture appreciates as an asset by making the current team more successful and functioning as a marketing tool to recruit future candidates.

As an employer, the next time we are faced with adversity or are in a vulnerable position, this relationship capital could be the difference in success or failure of our business. We need to ask ourselves, “What generated more value for our business, vaccinating calves two days earlier, or making our people a priority?”

Hire character, not credentials

The next strategy is to hire based on character, not credentials. I’m not advocating to hire people who are incompetent simply because there is an opening. All this accomplishes is setting both parties up for failure and threatening to weaken the culture of value.

The strategy I am trying to illustrate is “first who, then what,” which was explained well by Author Jim Collins in “Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap … and Others Don’t.”

He frames this idea using

a metaphor comparing companies and their staff as passengers on a bus. The “first who, then what” concept relies on getting the right people on the bus, and then figuring out how to get those people in the right seats before ever considering what the final destination of the bus will be.

In business and in life, the only guarantee is there are no guarantees. It’s not a matter of if challenges will arise, but when challenges will arise. This is why it is essential to build a team based on who people are, not what they know. This way, when the business is faced with a challenge, our people are our greatest asset and not our greatest liability.

With the right culture, time and investment in training, we can teach someone new skills. It is much more difficult to change a person’s character to exhibit integrity, work ethic, curiosity, courage, etc. Adopting this mindset in the recruitment process may lead us to consider candidates with the right character traits who previously might have been overlooked, simply because they fell short on experience.

With a culture of value, inexperienced candidates who align with the culture can

develop the skillsets needed to contribute to the operation.

We have a long way to go to fill the current and future labor needs of the agriculture industry. It is essential to find a way to make this industry rewarding and profitable enough to encourage the next generation of rural America to come back to the farm.

But, we cannot stop there. We also need to attract candidates from more urbanized backgrounds into the industry. By building a culture of value and hiring character, not credentials, I believe we will be able to make meaningful progress toward these aspirations.

Once we get the right people on the bus and in the right seats and the wrong people off the bus, then we can figure out where the bus is going.

Ian Kane concluded his regional manager internship for the American Angus Association on Dec. 2 and has completed internships with Yon Family Farms in South Carolina, Thomas Angus Ranch in Oregon, Wulf Cattle in Nebraska, Golden Belt Feeders in Kansas and the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association. This opinion column was originally published in the Angus Beef Bulletin on Dec. 6.

From the Kitchen Table

By Lynn Harlan

Christmas past and 2023 future

Yes, Christmas has passed, but I can still share a little bit of Christmas, can’t I?

I had the most beautiful Christmas tree. Remember the nice, long November we enjoyed? I treated myself to several short horseback rides –the kind I like these days – looking for the perfect tree. Down across the ditch and on a shady hill-

WINTER

cold stress.

side covered with cedar trees I spotted it. A juniper with lots of berries –already decorated.

The day after Thanksgiving, Kate graciously went and cut it down for me. It was the quickest Christmas tree hunt ever. Then my son Jim hammered the stand onto it, and Bob tied it to the ceiling with baling wire. Voilá! It was so pretty, I

just put white lights on it and called it good.

Of course, I still drug out all of the Christmas decorations. I’ve been collecting sheep ornaments for over 20 years now and have quite a flock. I decided I needed to display them yearround instead of just at Christmas time on the tree. So, they’re up on my wall in two rustic, glassed-in cabinets.

Back in the closet went the tubs of decorations, maybe to be retrieved next year or not. This Christmas tree takedown is going to be the easiest ever.

My Christmas shopping this year happened mostly via delivery. We did go to town a few times to shop locally – one day to pick up a couple of

big appliance boxes they saved for us. We cut doors and windows in them, and the grandkids had a big time.

Bob got a special gift – a real shepherd’s crook. Not one to beat over a sheep’s head in the loading chute, but a handcrafted ram’s horn on a burnished walking stick. After all, what else do you get a lifelong sheepman besides grass, water, cheap feed and good lamb and wool prices? Those things are out of Santa’s control. Maybe next year, Bob.

The year 2022 is in the books. We did have a good grass summer, mostly thanks to a very wet, snowy Memorial Day weekend. Not enough moisture to fill any reservoirs though. Officially,

we were still in a drought. The trail to the mountain was enhanced by gorgeous waves of grass, which unfortunately withered by the time we got to our camp.

Our four-year-old grandson went on trail with us. He slept in for the early morning move, and after a big day would fall asleep on the four-wheeler with Bob during the evening march. We made wonderful memories.

Good memories for me included hosting my brother and brother-inlaw for a week in the Big Horns at West Tensleep Lake. We rode, fished, kayaked and had campfire meals. I did another ride in South Dakota, a trail close to Mount Rushmore with some good friends.

Bob buys lambs in the

continued from page 1

Halfman explains an example of this is a winter day of 20 degrees Fahrenheit with 10 mile per hour winds has the same effect on cattle as a nine-degree day with no wind.

“Conditions where cattle have wet hides or can’t get out of the wind result in cold stress,” he says.

Energy requirements

When temperatures drop below lower critical temperature, Halfman says cattle will usually voluntarily consume more feed to meet the added energy requirements they need to stay warm, which can range anywhere from a two to 25 percent increase in feed intake.

He further explains extreme cold temperatures, blizzards, barometric pressure changes and lack of shelter influence intake as well.

“Energy needs of cattle increase about one percent for every one degree Fahrenheit below the lower critical temperature,” Halfman explains. “Knowing forage quality is critical to knowing what options there are for providing the extra needed energy to help cattle deal with cold stress.”

In fact, a forage’s neutral detergent fiber (NDF), structural components of a plant that provide bulk or fill, plays a huge role in determining how much a cow will eat. Halfman notes, in general, a cow can eat 1.1 percent of her body weight of NDF, but this depends on the digestibility of the fiber.

With this said, energy needs of the herd may not be met during a cold stress event if they are fed low-quality forage during this time, according to Halfman.

Feeding management recommendations

To combat this and

help cattle meet higher energy requirements needed to deal with cold stress, Halfman recommends supplementing cattle with extra corn or other high-energy feedstuffs when temperatures drop below lower critical temperatures.

“Some beef producers can provide extra energy needs by feeding higherquality forages during colder weather,” he says. “Knowing the quality analysis of available feed resources helps economically and efficiently match resources to the needs of individual situations.”

Regardless of the supplement used, Halfman notes it is important to prevent pushy cows from eating most of the supplement and timid cows from not getting any by ensuring all animals have access to supplemented feed.

He suggests providing at least 30 inches of bunk space per head or dividing cattle into smaller groups based on age, weight and body condition score to avoid competition.

“Remember cattle can adapt to short-term weather changes relatively well without significant impacts on performance,” he says. “Cows in good winter condition with dry, clean hair coats and wind shelter can deal with a few cold, miserable days without suffering any long-term effects.”

“However, ignoring the energy costs of longterm cold stress greatly increases the risk of problems down the road during calving and subsequent rebreeding performance,” he concludes.

Hannah Bugas is the managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

UPCOMING

Feeder & Calf Special - Wed, January 4th, 2023

All Classes - Friday, January 6th, 2023

Bred Cow Special - Monday, January 9th, 2023

Cattle Country Video - Winter Classic - Tues, Jan 10th

Feeder & Calf Special - Wed, January 11th, 2023

fall, and many of his clients held him personally responsible for the drastic dip in prices. He really wasn’t! A New Year’s wish is to get this marvelous product figured out before we’re all out of the business.

We had some great trips in 2022. One was to the national sheep meeting in San Diego in January, another to the West Coast of Oregon in July, a fun wedding in Colorado in September and birthdays with the grandkids. Any day with the grandkids is always fun!

Yes, another year has sped by, and we’re fortunate to be mostly healthy, wealthy in family and friendships, but none the wiser in the state of most things. Maybe 2023 will improve – positive thinking!

Lex Madden 307-532-1580

Michael Schmitt 307-532-1776 Chuck Petersen 307-575-4015

CATTLE COUNTRY VIDEO

Winter Classic

Tuesday, January 10th, 2023

Goshen Co Rendezvous Center - Torrington, WY www.cattlecountryvideo.com

Have a Happy & Blessed New Year!!!

FRIDAY,

Brian Christensen 12 Black Steer 707 188.00C

Ring Tail R Cattle Co 38 Black Steer 875 183.50C

Scissors Ranch Co 11 Black Steer 770 182.50C

Ring Tail R Cattle Co 15 Blk/Red Steer 961 177.00C

Ken Miles 12 Blk/Red Steer 995 167.00C

French Land & Cattle 53 Black Heifer 803 175.00C

Fisher Ranch LLC 22 Black Heifer 770 174.00C

Ring Tail R Cattle Co 25 Black Heifer 850 173.00C

TTT Ranch 20 Black Heifer 923 171.00C

The Window Sash 10 Blk/Red Heifer 879 155.00C

Cody Evans 5 Black Steer Calf 308 262.50C

Dillon Cole 5 Black Steer Calf 388 252.50C

TTT Ranch 37 Black Steer Calf 439 244.00C

Red Rock Ranch 42 Black Steer Calf 464 239.00C

Wine Cup Cattle Inc 43 Black Steer Calf 422 230.50C

Diamond D Land 50 Black Steer Calf 498 228.00C

Valley Ranch 38 Black Steer Calf 535 223.00C

ZP Limited LLC 46 Black Steer Calf 582 217.50C

PRH Bluegrass LLC 42 Black Steer Calf 638 210.00C

Scissors Ranch Co 31 Black Steer Calf 659 197.00C

Newman Ranch LLC 47 Black Steer Calf 686 193.50C

Diamond D Land 92 Blk/Red Steer Calf 618 212.50C

ZP Limited LLC 27 BWF Steer Calf 517 230.50C

TTT Ranch 8 Mixed Steer Calf 363 267.50C

ZP Limited LLC 71 RWF Steer Calf 481 218.00C

Wine Cup Cattle Inc 78 Black Heifer Calf 363 228.00C

Cody Evans 10 Black Heifer Calf 399 221.00C

Red Rock Ranch LLC 41 Black Heifer Calf 463 218.00C

ZP Limited 47 Black Heifer Calf 501 217.00C

Wine Cup Cattle Inc 51 Black Heifer Calf 475 212.00C

Bard Ranch 49 Black Heifer Calf 557 203.00C

Scissors Ranch Co 40 Black Heifer Calf 527 200.00C

Scissors Ranch Co 99 Black Heifer Calf 591 196.00C

Scissors Ranch Co 17 Black Heifer Calf 606 192.00C

Diamond D Land 43 Black Heifer Calf 624 185.50C

Gene Roberts 20 Black Heifer Calf 662 178.50C

Heiferette 806 122.00C

Laramie Cattle Co 11 Red Heiferette 1065 114.00C

Salisbury Livestock 9 Black Heifer 917 169.00C Cobb Cattle Co 4 Black Heifer 830 168.00C

FKW Partnership 2 Black Heifer 860 164.00C Greg Flitner 13 Black Heifer 1062 148.00C Larry Jacobsen 3 Black Heifer 1231 119.00C Laramie Cattle Co 15 Red Heifer 1006 158.00C Falls Ranch LP 8 Black Bred

Salisbury Livestock 16 Black Bred Heifer Mar-April 949 1560.00H

Salisbury Livestock 50 BWF Bred Heifer Mar-April 972 1660.00H

*** Hunter Dockery - Lusk, WY 307-340-1202

Scott Redden - Burns, Co 970-596-3588

Nolan Brott - Lusk, WY 307-216-0033

“Penicillin is one of the oldest standard antibiotics and has been highly overused for years,” Stuttgen comments. “In fact, back in the 90s, we were already seeing penicillin resistance, and veterinarians at the time were given the option for extra-label use to use higher dosages to make it work.”

“During this time, we also started getting some newer antimicrobial products, labeled as prescription only, in hopes they would be used more correctly, and we wouldn't end up with resistance,” she adds.

Additional products included in the VFD update include injectables such as penicil-

lin, sulfa-based drugs, boluses, intramammary mastitis tubes and some topical products. Common brand names for some of these products include LA-200, BioMycin and Terramycin, among many others.

In a Farm Journal article written by Rhonda Brooks, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) Associate Professor of Practice Dr. Becky Funk and UNL Extension Educator Jesse Fulton note some products will still remain available for OTC purchase. These include some antiparasiticides, injectable and oral nutritional supplements, oral pro and prebiotics and topical non-antibiotic treatments.

VFD goals

Stuttgen explains the ultimate goal of the FDA’s initiative is to keep antimicrobials effective for human health and prevent resistant bacteria from making them ineffective.

Although animal health is important, Stuttgen notes human health is the paramount priority.

“Resistant bacteria that adapt and survive in an animal used for eggs, meat, milk or honey can be ingested by humans and could have an impact on intestinal health. Human gut health is very important to our immune system,” she explains.

“There is another problem with resistant bacteria,” Stuttgen adds. “Our human medical ability to handle things in the U.S. is fantastic. Our survival rates on can-

cer and other diseases are great until a patient gets a secondary bacterial infection, and there is not a drug to treat it. People die or have to have extended hospital stays, and it becomes very expensive and very emotional.”

Brooks provides Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) statistics in her article, noting in the U.S. alone at least two million people become infected annually with bacteria resistant to antibiotics. At least 23,000 people die each year as a result of these infections.

“The non-therapeutic use of antimicrobial drugs in animals entering the food supply contributes to this problem,” the CDC says.

Producer and veterinarian relationships

Producers who have

Larson says.

“The original VFD was issued in January 2017, and this is the last part of the initiative. We are planning on taking all of the remaining antibiotics currently found OTC and switching their labels so they can only be purchased under the order of a licensed veterinarian.” – Dr. Sandra Stuttgen, University of Wisconsin

an existing relationship with their veterinarians will likely have an easier transition following the implementation of the new VFD and won’t notice much of an impact on their livestock management practices, Stuttgen predicts.

However, for producers who do not have a working relationship with a local practitioner, Stuttgen encourages them to establish one immediately.

“Veterinarians get to know producers and their

animals. They can sit down with them to write standard operating procedures and routine drug orders so they can have an inventory on the operation,” she says. “When Sunday afternoon rolls around and an animal gets sick, producers don’t have to call their vet to come out, because the relationship is already in place.”

Hannah Bugas is the managing editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

components are there is an opportunity to buy good, under-valued cattle because supply is stripping demand in a lot of these situations. However, the negative is producers can bring diseases they haven’t seen before on to their operations.”

The last time the beef industry saw big movement caused by drought, operations experienced an increase in trichomoniasis. Larson encourages producers to consider these animals as high-risk and quarantine them upon arrival for a period of time

to ensure they are heathy and won’t cause problems when mixing them with the rest of the herd.

“Yes, it’s an opportunity to buy some replacement cows or heifers to expand a herd at a lower price, but there is a risk associated in doing so,”

White mentions trichomoniasis is a silent disease and many producers won’t realize cattle are sick or infected until they are pregnant. Larson encourages producers to work with their local veterinarian to discuss trichomoniasis control and prevention.

Winter pasture management

Larson notes cattle are well adapted to cold temperatures and can handle colder temperatures better than other animals can.

“With this being said, cattle still need a good environment,” he shares. “Things like wind chill and the difference between a dry and wet winter mat-

ter. Sometimes during really early winter storms, before it gets too cold or late spring rains, there’s more of a temperature threat to cattle compared to weather in the dead of winter when it’s typically drier.”

KSU faculty mentions producers may want to consider putting up a wind block or structure to keep cattle warm and dry.

“If producers build a windbreak for cattle to congregate behind, and it’s not big enough, it can create some problems,” Larson says. “In a pasture situation, cattle will find the best area to get out of inclement weather. However, in a dry lot, a wind block or struc-

ture may be a better consideration but can create more of a problem.”

As producers consider wind blocks, structure investment or structure management, they may also want to think about where they feed.

Larson says producers will want to be prepared for the worst days and make feed convenient for cattle. When weather is milder, producers may want to move feed to a different location to avoid buildup of manure.

“There’s the day-today plan for getting cattle through the winter,” concludes Larson. “But producers also need a plan for when there is a blizzard.”

Brittany Gunn is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Sire: U-2 Coalition 206C

Dam’s Sire: S A V Raindance 6848 EPDs: BW: +3.2, WW: +73, YW: +137 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Harvey Thompson, Geyser, Mont.

Lot 17 – Shipwheel Dreamer 1594 – Price: $10,500 DOB: 4/19/21

Sire: Shipwheel Dreamer 8522 Dam’s Sire: CTS Remedy 1T01 EPDs: BW: +2.6, WW: +63, YW: +109 and Milk: +29

Buyer: Rappold Ranch, Dupuyer, Mont.

Lot

Coalition 1507 – Price: $19,000 DOB: 3/16/21 Sire: U-2 Coalition 206C Dam’s Sire: LD Capitalist 316 EPDs: BW: +1.3, WW: +73, YW: +128 and Milk: +34 Buyer: Steppler Ranch, Culbertson, Mont.

Lot 2 – Shipwheel Dreamer 1617 – Price: $17,000 DOB: 4/6/21

Sire: Shipwheel Dreamer 8522 Dam’s Sire: Meyers Keystone M263 EPDs:

BW: +4.1, WW: +82, YW: +136 and Milk: +20

Buyer: Scott Knutson, Helena, Mont.

Lot 5 – Shipwheel Dreamer 1615 – Price: $13,500 DOB: 4/9/21

Sire: Shipwheel Dreamer 8522 Dam’s Sire: S Earnan 476 EPDs: BW: +3.0, WW: +76, YW: +122 and Milk: +29 Buyer: Lafe Warren, Rosebud, Mont.

Lot 7 – Shipwheel Coalition 1511 – Price: $12,500 DOB: 3/20/21

Lot 3 – Shipwheel Equity 0584 – Price: $12,000 DOB: 4/3/20 Sire: Connealy Equity Dam’s Sire: Connealy Capitalist 028 EPDs: BW: +1.9, WW: +74, YW: +135 and Milk: +21 Buyer: 9 Bar F, Martinsdale, Mont.

Lot 5 – Shipwheel Rainmaker 0538 – Price: $12,000 DOB: 3/21/20 Sire: Basin Rainmaker 4404 Dam’s Sire: BPF DR J 2110 EPDs: BW: +5.0, WW: +75, YW: +134 and Milk: +26 Buyer: Apex Angus, Valier, Mont.

30 separate dates over the course of May 2018 through May 2019. Measurements were collected between the 12th and the 13th rib of the lamb carcasses.

Carcasses of lambs slaughtered in the spring had a 3.4 kilograms or 8.5 pounds heavier HCW than lambs slaughtered in the summer. Measurable 12th rib fat and Calc YG tended to be greater in the spring compared to the summer.

“Of the total lambs harvested every year, only about half of them are graded,” mentioned Gifford. “One reason is because some small plants often don’t have USDA graders. Another reason is, even in large plants, there are a portion of ungraded lambs.”

He further noted ungraded lambs are still inspected and go into commerce as a healthy, safe-to-eat product, but they are not receiving a grade because they either have lower quality factors or because they may be in a yearling or mutton maturity classification.

“Grading is a voluntary program and is not required. These are two reasons why the industry may only see roughly 50 percent of the lambs in inspected facilities receive a USDA grade through the voluntary USDA grading program,” he shared. “Of those graded, roughly 92 percent of them are typically graded as Choice, and the remaining seven to eight percent are typically graded as Prime.”

There are five quality grades the industry can utilize. They include Prime, Choice, Good, Utility and Cull, but primarily Prime and Choice are utilized among graded lambs.

Of the lambs evaluated in this study, around 892 lambs were ungraded, Gifford said.

Overall graded lamb carcasses exceeded commercial processing plant preferred HCW by five percent and industry acceptable fat thickness by 25 percent, and 70 percent of lamb carcasses exceeded six millimeters of fat thickness or nearly 0.25 inches.

Based on current findings, the season of slaughter influenced HCW and USDA YG but no other carcass characteristics of lambs slaughtered in the Intermountain West. In the study, over 43 percent of the carcasses surveyed were assigned a USDA YG of four or five, indicating industrywide room for improvement.

Results of the study indicated lamb carcasses sampled in commercial processing plants in the Intermountain West during 2018 and 2019 were representative of recent carcass trends throughout the U.S. and were heavier and fatter than both domestic and international industry preferences.

Current work: backgrounding study

With the bulk of lambs being born in the spring, UW Graduate Student Clara Ritchie started work on a backgrounding study.

“What this project has focused on is taking UW flock

lambs born through March and April, get them weaned and split them into two groups,” shared Gifford. “One group was put on a high-energy diet and the other group was put on a high meadow pasture. They grazed through the entire fall before they were brought back to a high-energy diet.”

In contrast to typical backgrounding scenarios, this study was not designed to get lambs to increase a lot of weight, but rather to answer the question if lambs can be grazed and maintained before putting them on the same high-energy diet while not making them overly fat, he explained.

“The intent of this study was to provide a potential management option for producers resulting in carcasses that would be more competitive for customers looking for a specific carcass weight, size and composition,” said Gifford. “Often, when producers background animals, they hope they will gain weight on a cheaper feed source, but in this case, we wanted them to maintain.”

All of the lambs used in this study were born in March and April. Both sets of animals were fed for 66 feedlot days – the first group in the fall and the second group in the spring.

“The backgrounded lambs ended up being trimmer,” he shared. “A couple of possibilities as to why this may have happened is the lambs may have been metabolizing fat during the fall, focusing more of the nutrition of their diet on muscle growth and less on fat growth. The other reason may be because backgrounded lambs tended to be more efficient once they got to the high-energy diet. It took them less total feed over the feeding portion, and as a result they ended up being trimmer in the end.”

“If we think about total cost per pound per gain between the conventional feedlot lambs and the backgrounded lambs, it came out to be 58 cents per pound per gain versus 44 cents per pound of gain during the feedlot phase,” he said.

Current work: flavor study

In this study, flavor attributes were also evaluated. They found, from a flavor standpoint, there weren’t many differences between the two groups, and cooked loin samples were very tender from both groups. He noted a few differences in the backgrounded lambs in regard to higher fat levels, but it didn’t influence the eating quality of the meat.

Gifford and UW Extension Associate Professor and Sheep Specialist Whit Stewart are continuing to work on several other studies. One of the studies includes this same concept, while also growing the lambs to a heavier weight.

“We’re repeating the same project, but in this case, both in the fall and the spring groups we will be pushing them to 160 pounds,” said Gifford. “This will truly be

a test to see if things match up to the first study or if we see differences between these groups of lambs.”

Current work: blockchain technology

UW Master Candidate Student Courtney Newman is also assessing blockchain technology with a three-component project looking at animal health and movement, wool traceability and applications in the meat industry. This study is focused on whether more information about the live animal on the label is useful information to the consumer, and part of her study involves a consumer survey. It can be completed by following bit.ly/3j4CqEI

UW is also conducting several surveys assessing consumer opinions and perceptions about using blockchain technology. The 2022 Ram Benchmarking Survey looks to build a database of baseline costs associated with raising high-quality rams. This survey can be completed by visiting bit.ly/3Po73AN

Another survey, 2022 Cost

of Production Benchmarking Survey, is aimed to help sheep producers understand their productivity and cost of production and how it compares to operations of similar size, which can be found at bit. ly/3FaicSv

The intent of all surveys is to help strengthen the U.S.

sheep industry.

“There’s far more sheep research currently happening at UW,” Gifford concluded.

“There’s additional projects currently happening and several planned for the next couple of years that will be ongoing. We hope to host additional field days to get user-friendly

information out to stakeholders and hopefully receive feedback on challenges we haven’t thought about that we need to focus research efforts on.”

Brittany Gunn is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@wylr.net.

Adobe Stock photo

EXTENSION EDUCATION

By Whit Stewart, PhD Assistant Professor, Extension Sheep Specialist

Addressing frequently asked questions on external parasites in sheep

Keeping sheep free of external parasites is a challenge, but cleaning them up after an infestation can be even more challenging. Understanding the life cycle of sheep lice, mode of transmission and effective treatments are important to prevent and eradicate infestations.

Lice types:

B. ovis – biting lice

Bovicola ovis (B. ovis), perhaps the most prominent sheep lice, are pale yellow in appearance with 1.5- to two-millimeter long brown stripes on their abdomen. Unlike cattle lice, sheep lice eggs will not hatch unless females have been mated.

Females lay one to two eggs every three days. These eggs are generally cemented on wool fiber no more than one-half inch from the skin surface.

Eggs usually hatch after nine to 10 days, and adolescent nymphs molt three times over 21 days to reach maturity at 34 to 36 days of age. The major mode of transmission is between sheep in close proximity.

Transmission at lambing is from ewe to lamb contact and from facilities and shearers. Unlike the sheep ked, sheep lice can survive longer off the sheep under warmer temperatures and different environments for up to three weeks.

Optimum temperatures for lice range from 98.6 to 102.2 degrees Fahrenheit, and temperatures outside this range inhibit their ability to reproduce. However, their ability to migrate to or away from the skin surface

allows them to thermoregulate. Complete saturation of lice and drowning has been reported but is unlikely in production settings.

Lice

been reported with additional losses at the top, making phase of seven percent (Wilkenson et. al., 1982).

Research trials have reported significant yellowing of lice-infested wool compared to non-infested controls. Additionally, pelt defects such as discolored lumps have been reported by pelt processors.

Detection of lice

types: foot and face lice – sucking lice

Less common, but still problematic, are the sucking lice species Linognathus pedalis, also know as foot lice and Linognathus ovillus, commonly referred to as face lice.

Foot lice are found on hairy portions of a leg from fetlock to hock and can also be found on the scrotum or belly. Foot lice generally predominate in the winter and spring. Affected sheep don’t always show clinical signs but have a pungentsour odor. Backline pours versus dipping is a possible cause of resurgence from Australian perspectives.

Face lice are not as common but occur at the junction of the skin and the wool around the face. Treatments for most lice species are similar with a major difference being specific areas of infestation should be prioritized for treatment.

Economic losses

B. ovis is a chewing lice and feeds on skin flakes, lanolin, sweat secretions and skin bacteria, resulting in economic damage to all phases of the wool production cycle. Reductions in grease fleece weight ranging from one-half pound to two pounds have been reported in finer-wool type breeds, and 0.20 pound reduction with coarse-wool sheep breeds (James et. al., 2011).

Clean yield losses of two to six percent have

Rubbing, scratching and a characteristic odor are the most recognizable clinical signs of lice but aren’t immediately visible when sheep are first exposed. The build-up of lice infestations is gradual and usually peaks almost a year after initial exposure.

Diagnosing degrees of infestation is challenging, and using a magnifying glass and lying a sheep on its side will allow a more complete investigation.

Part the wool a minimum of three-inches long at 15 to 20 places along the side of the sheep. A rule of thumb is more than eight lice per parted location indicates a high degree of infestation. Adolescent nymphs and adult lice are generally observed on the wool within one-quarter inch of the skin surface.

Remember, a low level of infestation is very hard to detect. Examining the sides of the sheep is the most beneficial location.

After shearing, 30 to 50 percent of lice are mechanically removed, and the remaining lice generally migrate to under the neck, lower britch area and shoulders. Cemented eggs, adolescent nymphs and adult lice can especially remain on areas where longer wool remains after shearing.

Prevention

An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure with lice. Unfortunately, like many animal health issues, purchased animals are the mode of introduction for sheep lice. Quarantine procedures for purchased rams and ewes should include lice treatment.

Pre-shearing may not always be feasible but will help improve efficacy of treatment. Paying attention to sheep rubbing during quarantine periods can help determine if more aggressive treatments are needed.

In instances of shared grazing allotments, it’s beneficial to make sure all sheep have been treated for sheep lice at shearing to avoid reintroduction of sheep lice.

Recent research by Crawford et al. (2000) found adults and nymphs can survive up to 24 to 29 days once removed from the sheep. In Australian shearing sheds, spring lice survived up to 14 to 16 days in the facilities.

Specifically, researchers found lice were able to survive on shearing moccasins for up to 10 days. Microwaving each shearing moccasin for five minutes effectively killed all lice and should be a consideration for shearing contractors after shearing infested flocks.

Treatment methods

Dipping is only effective with less than two inches of wool growth due to insufficient wetting of skin. Recommendations abroad indicate running sheep twice through a dip 30-feet long.

Jetting or pressurized application of insecticide as the sheep work through the race has also been utilized. However, proper calibration of spray nozzles in addition to ensuring insecticide reaches the skin surface is problematic. Considering the size of many U.S. sheep flocks, in addition to expense of dipping, backline or spraying treatments are more feasible for many

References

Crawford, S., James, P. J., & Maddocks, S. (2001). Survival away from sheep and alternative methods of transmission of sheep lice (Bovicola ovis). Veterinary Parasitology, 94(3), 205-216.

James, P. J., & Callander, J. T. (2012). Dipping and jetting with tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil formulations control lice (Bovicola ovis) on sheep. Veterinary parasitology, 189(2-4), 338-343.

James, P.J., Horton, B.J., Campbell, N.J., Evans, D.E., Winkleman, J. and McPhie, R. (2011). Population dynamics and production effects of sheep lice (Bovicola ovis Schrank) in extensively grazed flocks. Animal Production Science 51, 753-762

Wilkinson, F.C., de Chaneet, G.C. and Beetson, B.R. (1982). Growth of populations of lice, Damalinia ovis , on sheep and their effects on production and processing performance of wool. Veterinary Parasitology 9, 243-252.

operations in the U.S.

Backline and spraying applications should be done immediately after shearing as staple lengths exceeding one inch prevent contact of active ingredients with the skin surface. Since all external parasites irritate and thrive in close proximity to skin surface – especially in cold weather – treatment strategies should be guided by ensuring insecticide reaches skin surface and the entirety of the body.

Depending on the insecticide used a second time – two to three weeks after the initial administration –will target the nymph and hatched eggs that may have survived the first treatment.

An important guiding principle in effective treatment of sheep lice is applying treatments to shorn sheep no later than 30 days after shearing.

When ambient temperatures are low, lice will move to the skin surface, and dur-

ing warmer temperatures, will migrate to the tip of the wool. Back-line treatment has been improved in recent formulations due to greater surface area coverage because of increased volume of product applied and nozzle width providing more coverage at the skin surface.

Unfortunately, B. ovis resistance to permethrins has been well documented in Australian flocks but resistance in U.S. flocks is not widely known. Tea tree oil in a one to two percent solution has been effective at reducing B. ovis infestations when sheep were treated via dipping or high-pressure spraying (James and Callander, 2012). However, this has not been approved for use in the U.S.

Dr. Whit Stewart is a University of Wyoming associate professor and Extension sheep specialist. He can be reached at whit.stewart@ uwyo.edu.

Table 1 – Insecticide treatments for sheep lice

Dec. 26-Jan. 1 The Wyoming Livestock Roundup office will be closed for Christmas through New Year’s Day.

Jan. 6-11 American Farm Bureau 2023 Convention, San Juan, Puerto Rico. For more information, visit annualconvention.fb.org

Jan. 7-22 National Western Stock Show, Denver, Colo. For more information, visit nationalwestern.com

Jan. 8-10 48th Annual National Salers Show, Oklahoma City, Okla. For more information, visit salerusa.org

Jan. 10 Environmental Protection Agency Virtual Hearing on Supplemental Proposal to Cut Methane and Air Pollution, 8 a.m.-6 p.m. For more information or to livestream the meeting, visit epa.gov

Jan. 10-13 National No-Tillage Conference, St. Louis Arch Hotel, St. Louis, Mo. To register for the event, visit no-tillfarmer.com

Jan. 11

Environmental Protection Agency Virtual Hearing on Supplemental Proposal to Cut Methane and Air Pollution, 8 a.m.-6 p.m. For more information, visit epa.gov

Jan. 11-12 Ninth Annual International Livestock Forum and Mountain Meat Summit, National Western Center, Denver, Colo. For more information and to register, visit meatsummits.com

Jan. 14 12th Annual Women’s Agriculture Summit, 8:30 a.m.-5:30 p.m., Hampton Inn and Suites, Buffalo. For more information and to register, visit johnsoncountycattlewomen.com

Jan. 18-21 2022 American Sheep Industry Annual Convention, Fort Worth, Texas. For more information, visit sheepusa.org

Jan. 20-21 Wyoming Farm Bureau Young Farmers and Ranchers 2023 Conference Pinedale. For more information, visit wyfb.org or call 307-532-2002.

Jan. 24

Jan. 27-28

Inaugural Montana AgTech Innovation and Investment Summit, Great Falls, Mont. For more information, visit mtagtechinvest.io

Western Colorado Soil Health Conference, Montrose Pavilion Event Center, Montrose, Colo. For more information, visit westerncoloradosoilhealth.org

Jan. 27-Feb. 4 Black Hills Stock Show, Rapid City, S.D. For more information, visit blackhillsstockshow.com

Feb. 1-3

National Cattlemen’s Beef Association Convention and Trade Show, New Orleans, La. For more information, visit ncba.org/events

Feb. 7-8 35th Annual High Plains No-till Conference, Burlington, Colo. For more information and to register, visit highplainsnotill.com

Feb. 7-9

Montana Soil Health Symposium, Billings, Mont. For more information and to register, visit mtsoilhealth.org

Feb. 12-16 Society for Range Management Annual Meeting, Boise, Idaho. For more information, visit rangelands.org

March 1-2

March 24-25

Lincoln University Sheep Shearing School, Jefferson City, Mo. To register, e-mail Extension Associate Amy Bax at baxa2@lincolnu.edu.

Wyoming Bee College, Cheyenne. For more information, visit wyomingbeecollege.org

Dec. 27

Woodard Limousin Online In The Rockies Sale, 719-439-2011, 402-3503447, woodardlimousin.com

Dec, 28-29 Annual Holiday Cow Classic, Burwell Livestock Market, Burwell, Neb., 308346-4257, burwelllivestock.com

Jan. 9-10

Diamond Ring Ranch Sale, Billings Livestock Commission Co., Billings, Mont., 406-232-5107, 406-861-5664, northernlivestockvideo.com

Jan. 10 Cattle Country Video Winter Classic, Goshen County Rendezvous Center, Torrington, 888-322-8853, cattlecountryvideo.com

Jan. 14 Rafter T Angus Annual Bull Sale, Buffalo Livestock Marketing, Buffalo, 307736-2415, 307-299-4569, raftertangus.com

Jan. 17 Ken Haas Angus 42nd Annual Right Combination Bull Sale, at the ranch, LaGrange, 307-834-2356, kenhaasangus.com

Jan. 23 Bullis Creek Ranch Spring Production Bull Sale, at the ranch, Wood Lake, Neb., 402-376-4465, bulliscreek.com

Jan. 26 Marcy Livestock 62nd Annual Angus Bull and Female Sale, Gordon Livestock Auction, Gordon, Neb., 308-430-2005, marcylivestock.com

Jan. 27

McConnell Angus Bull & Female Sale, at the ranch, Dix, Neb., 308-2355187, 308-230-0430, 970-215-3204, mcconnellangus.com

Jan. 28 Little Goose Ranch Sixth Annual Production Sale, Buffalo Livestock Marketing, Buffalo, 307-751-1535, 307-751-5793, 307-751-6737, littlegooseranch.com

Jan. 28 21 Angus 29th Annual Top Cut Bull Sale, at the ranch, New England, N.D., 701-579-4221, 21angus.com

Feb. 2 K2 Red Angus Winter Bull & Female Sale, at the ranch, Wheatland, 307331-2917, k2redangus.com

Feb. 2 Ridder Hereford Ranch Annual Bull and Heifer Sale, at the ranch, Callaway, Neb., 308-836-4430, 402-450-0431, ridderranch.com

Feb. 3 TJS Red Angus 15th Annual ‘Red Truck’ Sale, Buffalo Livestock Auction, Buffalo, 406-639-9112, tjsredangus.com

Feb. 9 Booth’s Cherry Creek Angus 50th Annual “Progress Through Performance” Bull Sale, at the ranch, Veteran, 307-534-5865, 307-532-1805, 307532-1532, boothscherrycreekranch.com

Feb. 10 Powder River Angus Annual Bull Sale, Buffalo Livestock Marketing, Buffalo, 307-680-7359, 307-680-8266, powderriverangus.com

Feb. 14 G Bar H Genetics Angus Bull Sale, Torrington Livestock Market, Torrington, 307-575-5520, 307-532-6170, 307-575-0294, 307-575-0373

Feb. 15 Shaw Cattle Company Annual Bull Sale, at the ranch, Caldwell, Idaho, 208459-3029, 208-880-9044, shawcattle.com

Feb. 20 Weaver Ranch 38th Annual Production Sale, at the ranch, Fort Collins, Colo., 970-568-3898

blessed sleep, and let me joy in dreamland reap.

The notes are hushed –the year is dead, and what he was and gave has fled.

The Midnight Bells

The midnight hour, solemn and drear –the bells ring out our good old year.

I listen to the plaintive sound vibrating o’er the country ‘round.

Alas! My friend has to depart, My good old year, it pains my heart.

He was with me ‘mid sunny rays, and clung to me on cloudy days.

A friend in joy, a friend in woe, yes, such was he, but, he must go.

No more he shall return to me, with all his charms and gifts so free.

And ah, it grieves me too, the thought that I’ve not used him, as ought.

And when I think about

this year, forever now to disappear, now also of the years of yore, rung out since long, to be no more: with childhood’s sport, when dreams I dreamed, when fancy’s rays upon me beamed, with dear old home and all its charms, and smiling eyes and loving arms, with beckoning hopes of rainbow hue, with hearts sincere that stronger grew, the bells say sadly, “Gone for aye, time sweeps your pleasures all away.”

Ah, cease to ring thou mournful bell, I do not like thy funeral knell, curtain mine eyes, thou

But no – once more I hear it ring, now moving with a steadier swing.

Bounding, sweet notes, conveying cheer, the bells ring in the bright New Year. New life, new hope, new peace, new cheer. Farewell the old, wel come a New Year.

Yes, church bells ring from lofty spire that heavenward point, with hope to inspire.

The happy song is in your clang, which one sweet night God’s angels sang, “Glory to God and peace on earth, Good will to man,” at Jesus’ birth.

– Rev. S. F. Rederus. Reprinted from the Jan. 1, 1918 issue of The Saratoga Sun.

Best Wishes for a peaceful, prosperous and happy New Year.

Illustrations in the Dec. 31, 1896 issue of The Platte Valley Lyre portray the coming new year of 1897. Old Father Time welcomes the youngster with these words of wisdom, “Ring out the old, ring in the new. Ring out the false, ring in the true.” Graphics by Dick Perue. Historical Reproductions by Perue

155.79 137.19

Live Heifer 155.64 155.55 137.36

Dressed Steer 247.80 146.82 218.42

Dressed Heifer 247.58 246.79 218.06

bor’s beef instead.

It’s the Pitts

by Lee Pitts

My Idol

My idol in the cattle business has been dead for over a century, but the lessons he taught me are timeless. His name was Heinrich Kreiser, but this was before the man used his political influence to change his name by an act of the California Legislature to Henry Miller. This was the name of the ship that brought Henry from Germany to the U.S.

One might recognize Henry more by his nickname, ‘The Cattle King,’ or by the ranching operation he built with a Frenchman named Charles Lux called Miller and Lux.

Henry was a German butcher who was making a nice living feeding gold miners, and the gold rich boomtown that itself had gone through a name change from Yerba Buena to San Francisco. It didn’t take long for Henry to see there was more money to be made raising cattle than butchering them.

So, he spent $1.15 per acre buying up old Spanish land grants. When he died, Henry owned 1.4 million acres, making him the largest landowner in the U.S., controlling 14 million acres or 22,000 square miles.

Using irrigation, he began transforming California’s San Joaquin Valley into the richest farmland in the world, and when he died, he was also the largest farmer in the country.

He owned nearly 80,000 head of cattle, plus all this land and was worth 40 million dollars – a cool one billion in today’s money.

It was said Henry could start at the Mexican border and ride in his buckboard, never horseback, to British Columbia where he would sleep on his own land and eat his own beef every night. But, I have doubts about this story because he would never eat his own cattle, he would probably dine on his neigh-

A man after my own heart, Henry got rich by being a penny-pincher. For example, there was a law in California at the time proclaiming state land subject to flooding and could be crossed by boat was worth less money.

So, Henry built a boat, mounted it on a wagon and “boated” all over the state buying prime land for pennies on the dollar. I guess one could say Henry Miller was a “land pirate.”

When visiting his farflung empire, Henry would go through cookhouse garbage to see if cooks were wasting food by being too aggressive in peeling the potatoes. If the peelings were too thick, the cook got canned.

There is also the welldocumented story of how one day, while being driven in his wagon across one of his ranches, he stopped at a wire gate, and in a fit of rage, he retrieved his axe from the wagon and proceeded to chop the recently built gate into pieces. When he got back to ranch headquarters, Henry fired the foreman and the cowboy who had built the gate because they had squandered Henry’s money by building the gate out of finished lumber.

Although he was kind to

his horses, Henry didn’t like them to be too gentle because it made them easier to steal. He called well-trained horses, “sheepherder horses.” Henry also assailed another foreman for using two cats to kill mice when one would do the job just as well. It was said Henry lived to be almost 90 years old because he wanted to put off the costs associated with a funeral for as long as possible.

All of these stories are well-documented, but there’s one story that may or may not be true. It does sound like something The Cattle King would do, though.

Alongside two of his friends, Henry went to pay his last respects to a fellow rancher. As the three men looked at the body in repose in a coffin, one rancher said, “Where I came from in Italy it’s a custom to leave a few dollars in the casket, so when the deceased met Saint Peter they would have some bribe money to buy their way into heaven.”

So, the man tucked $10 under Henry’s pillow. The second friend did likewise. However, when it came to Henry’s turn, the tightwad wrote the deceased a check for $40, placed it under the pillow and took back the $20 in change.

LIVE CATTLE FUTURES

SETT PRICE

Month Week Prev This Week Change

DECEMBER 154.05 156.13 +2.08

FEBRUARY 154.85 157.70 +2.85

APRIL 158.93 161.18 +2.25

JUNE 154.93 156.98 +2.05

AUGUST 155.73 156.80 +1.07

FEEDER CATTLE FUTURES

SETT PRICE

Month Week Prev This Week Change

JANUARY 183.05 183.83 +0.78

MARCH 184.68 185.73 +1.05

APRIL 188.25 189.35 +1.10 MAY 191.60 192.55 +0.95 AUGUST 201.05 201.83 +0.78

WHEAT FUTURES

SETT PRICE

Month Week Prev This Week Change

MARCH 7.57 7.68 +0.11

MAY 7.66 7.75 +0.09

JULY 7.70 7.79 +0.09

SEPTEMBER 7.76 7.86 +0.10

CORN FUTURES

SETT PRICE

Month Week Prev This Week Change

MARCH 6.53 6.62 +0.09

MAY 6.54 6.62 +0.08

JULY 6.49 6.55 +0.06

SEPTEMBER 6.11 6.15 +0.04

OATS FUTURES

SETT PRICE

Month Week Prev This Week Change

MARCH 3.41 3.46 +0.05 MAY 3.40 3.44 +0.04

JULY 3.39 3.43 +0.04 SEPTEMBER 3.34 3.39 +0.05

SOYBEAN FUTURES

SETT PRICE

Month Week Prev This Week Change

JANUARY 14.73 14.81 +0.08

MARCH 14.77 14.84 +0.07

MAY 14.80 14.87 +0.07

JULY 14.83 14.90 +0.07

Study shows soybean oil impacts prices

The United Soybean Board partnered with Purdue University on a Food and Fuel study to evaluate whether the increased use of soybean oil in biofuels has contributed to the rising retail prices of food products for consumers.

One key element missing from this equation is that only one-fifth of the soybean is oil, while the vast majority of the soybean is meal used as a highquality protein in animal diets. This expanded crush for oil to meet biofuel demand creates increased availability for meal, driving down the price of animal protein products.

This partially offsets the growth of oil and bakery prices, leaving the overall food-athome portion of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) essentially unchanged. This can be attributed to meat prices representing a larger share of the CPI than fats and oils.

Jayson Lusk, food and agricultural economist at Purdue University, noted, “While the increased demand for biofuels pushed up retail prices for oil between 0.16 percent and 4.41 percent across different categories, retail animal product prices for dairy, beef, pork, chicken and eggs declined between -0.01 percent and -0.16 percent.”

A 20 percent increase in the quantity of soybean oil demanded for use in biofuels generates the following price impact breakdown.

Soybean oil saw an increase of 0.16 percent in retail price for frying and baking, 0.82 percent in retail margarine price, 4.41 percent in salad/cooking oil and 0.16 percent in other oil-containing food items.

Animal protein saw a decrease of 0.16 percent in retail egg prices, 0.13 percent in retail chicken prices, 0.06 percent in retail pork prices, 0.02 percent in retail dairy prices and 0.01 percent in retail beef prices.

Additionally, farm-level soybean prices increased 0.73 percent, farm revenue for soybean producers increased 0.92 percent, and overall crude soybean oil prices increased 8.17 percent.

The United States Department of Agriculture’s Economic Research Service estimates for every one dollar consumers spend on food, only about $0.14 is a result of the cost of raw farm commodities, implying $0.86 is a result of other post-farm factors such as transportation, processing, packaging and retail costs.

For more information on this study, visit unitedsoybean.org

Services Services

Brands

REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND: LHH, Dues paid through March 1, 2023, comes with 1 hot iron, freight not included. $3,000. Call 970-846-5516 or e-mail erindan970@gmail. com 12/24

Dogs

Twenty-Three Years of Predictability

BRED COWS FOR SALE: 48 head black cows, 7 years old, bred to Angus and Hereford bulls. Start calving April 1. Located 50 miles north of Gillette, WY. $1,600/head. Contact Doug Camblin, 307-682-1811 or 307-680-4528. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 1/7

MID-AMERICA FEED YARD

LOCATED NEAR OHIOWA, SOUTHEASTERN NEBRASKA

IS

CURRENTLY LOOKING

TO HIRE FULL-TIME PEN RIDERS: Skilled horsemanship and feedyard or ranch experience preferred. Pay based on experience. Comprehensive benefits include family health and dental, 401(k), life insurance benefits, sick and vacation pay. Five days a week, 7 a.m.-5 p.m. with rotating weekends and rotating holidays. Applicants are required to furnish their own horses and tack. Drug and background tests required. Call 402-295-2216 1/14

KNOWLEDGEABLE RANCH HAND that can work independently on a small ranch in Big Horn County. Experience with cattle, irrigating, haying, farming and general maintenance are essential. Send resume to wyoranchjob@yahoo.com 12/31

NIGHT CALVER WANTED: Experience preferred but we may be willing to train the right candidate. March and April. 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. shift, no daytime responsibilities. Good pay, private bunk house available. 300 heifers, great facilities, equipment and crew. Possibility to extend into a full-time ranch maintenance position for the right person. X Bar Cattle Co., Laramie, WY. Call Allen to apply, 970-556-5657 12/24

CDL A DRIVER OR FARM WORKER WANTED: Housing included with arrangement, utilities paid by employee, pay $100-200/day. E-mail clairsjr@ yahoo.com 12/31

EARN $60,000/YEAR, PARTTIME in the livestock or farm equipment appraisal business. Agricultural background required. Home study course available. 800-488-7570 or www. amagappraisers.com 1/28

NOW HIRING ~ WORK!

WORK! WORK! Experienced Class A tanker drivers needed. 401(k), paid vacations, health insurance and FR clothing allowance! For questions, call John, 307-351-4901, e-mail resume to aholden@igooil. com 12/24

HAVE WORKING PROGRAMS designed for the farmer/rancher and not the banker. Please call Steve, 303-773-3545, or check out our website www.agrionefinancial.com. I will come to you and get the job done!! 12/31

Services

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: RHC, LBH. Expires Dec. 31, 2026. No irons included, $3,000. Call 307-772-1126 12/10

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: RRC, RSS, RHH. Expires Jan. 1, 2029. Electric iron included. $3,500 OBO. Call 307575-6589 11/26

REGISTERED VERY OLD WYOMING BRAND used for 80 plus years in the Upper Green River by Billy Hill, Pat Dew, Tom Dew. Single iron, the “blab,” LHC, LSH, one ear mark. No iron $3,500. Call 406-939-0648, dsnow@ midrivers.com 12/31

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LHC, LHH. Expires March 1, 2027. No irons included. $3,500 OBO. Call 307629-0260 12/31

WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LSC, no irons, up for renewal in 2023, $1,500. Call 307-6803494 12/24

REGISTERED WYOMING BRAND FOR SALE: LRC. RHS, LHH. Dues paid to Jan. 23, 2023. $3,000. 307-349-4667 12/24

AKC MINIATURE AMERICAN SHEPHERD PUPPIES FOR SALE: These little Aussies will help on the ranch, ride in your truck and generally be your best pal for life, www.bluegrasskennels.com Call 605-206-4519. To view photos, go to www.wylr. net in the classifieds 12/31

PUREBRED AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD PUPPIES: Black and brown tri-colors, tails docked, ready Dec. 22, first shots and wormed, $450. Call 307-689-3407 12/31

CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD PUPS FOR SALE: Three males and 1 female, born Nov. 3. Protect your family, property, livestock with this ancient, herding, guard dog!! Please call 406-210-4807 12/24

PUREBRED BORDER COLLIE PUPPIES FOR SALE: Out of excellent working parents. Extremely smart. All are traditional black and white. $500. Call 307645-3322 12/24

AKC LAB PUPPIES: All colors available, whites, blacks, yellows, dark chocolates and dark reds. Excellent hunters, family companions. Full AKC registration. Shots, wormed, dewclaws removed. All puppies are cute, but it’s what they grow into that counts. Not all Labs are the same. Proud to own!! Been raising quality AKC Labradors for 25-plus years. Look at the rest but buy the best. Both parents on site for viewing. Will sell quickly!! $200 deposit, picking order is when the deposit is received. Doug Altman, Mitchell, S.D. Call/text 605-9997149, click the our Labs tab on the website for pictures, www.southdakotayellowlabs. com 12/24

LIVESTOCK GUARDIAN DOGS: Out of working parents, with goats now. Will be 8 weeks old Dec. 12. Five males, 4 females. $300. Call Debbie Smith, 307-359-8265. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 12/31

GREAT PYRENEES PUPPIES FOR SALE: Ranch raised with livestock and ready to go to work!! Proven bloodlines, parents onsite, $1,000. Have been raising these fantastic LGD for 40+ years. For more information, call 406-207-7674 12/31

AIREDALE PUPPIES: AKC registered, good with children, good on the farm, hunting lines, large and healthy. Wormed and first shots. Local breeder. Senior and Veteran discounts. Delivery available in Wyoming and Montana. Call 719-217-8054 12/24

SANDHILL BORDER COLLIES: Working border collies for ranchers. Reds, blacks, merles, mainly short hair. Thirty years experience. Shots appropriate to age, dewclaws removed, wormed weekly. Pups and ready-to-start pups available. Prices vary. Call us (texts are better) to set up delivery, 701-770-2364 or e-mail sandhillbc@yahoo.com. Visit our Facebook page: Sandhill Performance Horses and Border Collies. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 5/6

Cattle

REPLACEMENT HEIFER CALVES: Bangs and Vista 5 on Oct. 31. Galloway X Hereford X Shorthorn. Ten head at $800 each, 1 at $600. Wyola, MT. Call 406-343-2077 12/31

150 BLACK ANGUS BRED HEIFERS: South Dakota origin, OCVD, exposed to proven LBW Black Angus bulls for 45 days. Start calving Feb. 1, 2023. References available. Please call 785394-1955 (cell), 785-394-2374 (home) or 785-731-5067 12/24

FOR SALE: 300 registered and commercial Black Angus BRED HEIFERS, 1 group of F1 baldie bred heifers. Three groups AI bred to these elite calving ease sires: MAF Triumph O415 (Musgrave Exclusive 316 son 2022 high selling calving ease bull) and Connealy In Focus 4925. Two groups pasture bred to “sleep all night” low birthweight, calving ease Black Angus bulls. AI bred: Group #1 due March 19. Group #2 due April 5. Group #3 due April 6. Bull breds: Group #1 due April 1 for 30 days. Group #2 due May 1 for 21 days. Vaccinated and poured/dewormed. Available FIRST COME, FIRST SERVED. Delivery and volume discounts available.

MILLER ANGUS FARMS, Estelline, S.D. Kody, 605-690-1997 or Brady, 605-690-5733 2/4

30 RED ANGUS COWS BRED TO BECKTON BULLS, 3-6 years old. Calve March 20 for 60 days. Located in Torrington, WY. Call 307-231-2883 1/7

FOR SALE: RED ANGUS BRED HEIFERS, fancy, high elevation, home raised, one iron, coming 2-year-olds. 100 head AI bred to NINE MILE FRANCHISE for March 1 calving, 29 head bull bred to calve the last two weeks of April. From reputation cowherd, currently running at Laramie, WY. Summered at 9,000 feet. Have video and photos. Call or text 307-760-3837. To view photos, go to www.wylr. net in the classifieds 12/24

Herefords

HEREFORD BULLS FOR

LOOKING FOR ADDITIONAL YEAR END TAX DEDUCTIONS ? Offering Limousin and Lim-Flex yearling bulls and open prospect heifers in the WOODARD LIMOUSIN ONLINE IN THE ROCKIES SALE on Tues., Dec. 27, 2022 . BUY in 2022 and take DELIVERY in April 2023!! Hosted on www.L365Auctions.com. Pictures and videos at www.woodardlimousin.com. Contact Rodger Woodard, 719-439-2011 or Sale Manager Kiley McKinna, 402-350-3447 12/24

FOR SALE: Brown Swiss bull born April 1, 2022. Select sires AI Tequila. Gentle, beautiful dark markings. The dam is very gentle and a good milker. Can text pictures if interested, call 307-358-9323 1/7

Red Angus

Angus

Angus

Brown Swiss

SWISS BRED HEIFERS FOR SALE: Will calve March, April and May. Bred to Brown Swiss bulls. Have had all shots. Poured with Ivomec on regular basis. TB tested and current health papers. Nice, gentle, outside cattle, in good shape and well fed. Delivery options available. For pictures or more information, call Larry W. Carlson, 605-224-6100 (home) or 605-280-3879 (cell), if no answer leave message. Pierre, S.D. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 12/31

HAPPY NEW YEAR FROM MOSS SADDLES, BOOTS AND TACK!! We appreciate all your past patronage and look forward to serving you and yours in 2023!! 20% OFF OF HONDO and BOULET BOOTS. Also, GREAT SELECTION of JUSTIN WORK BOOTS, TWISTED X (boots and shoes) and more!! WE CAN ship!! Shop Moss Saddles, Boots and Tack, 4648 West Yellowstone Highway, Casper, WY; 307-472-1872. Our family serving yours for 50 years!! Check us out on Facebook or our website 1/7

2022 HAY FOR SALE: Millet, Sudangrass and alfalfa hay. Call Earl, 307-660-4796 1/7

2022 BARLEY STRAW FOR SALE: 200 tons, 3x4x8 square bales, $75/ton. Call 307-202-1719 12/31

2022 LARGE ROUND BALES: Net wrapped, 1,550-1,650 lbs., tests done, nitrate free, Japanese and German millet, $130/ton, will deliver. Call 605-224-6100 (home) or 605-280-3879 (cell), if no answer leave message 12/31

ROUND BALE BARLEY STRAW AND OAT STRAW FOR SALE: Certified weed free. $100/ton. FOB Powell, WY. Call 307-2545115 or 406-480-1248 12/24

YEARLING RAMS FOR SALE: Rambouillet, Targhee and Columbia. Contact Russell Bell, 307-358-2188 or 307-680-4950 12/31

GRASS SEED FOR SALE: Manifest wheat grass, Manska wheat grass, Cash Meadow Brome, good germination, $4.50/lb. Call Big Horn Seed Company, 307-202-0704 or 307-645-3322 1/7

HAY FOR SALE: 500-600 tons, 4x4x8 alfalfa. First and second cuttings. $225/ton. ALSO, CERTIFIED BARLEY STRAW, 4x4x8, over 200 tons available. $90/ton. Volume discounts available, located between Powell and Lovell, WY. Call 307-272-3712 1/21

ORGANIC GROWN GRASS HAY 2022, weed released, 3x4x8, $160/bale. Call 307-762-3536, Burlington, WY 12/24

TOLMAN RANCH LLC IS ACCEPTING BIDS FOR GRAZING APPROXIMATELY 300 ACRES OF IRRIGATED (40 acres) pasture 30 miles up the Nowood in Ten Sleep, WY. For 60 to 80 head of cattle or 200 head of sheep. Grazing turn in May 1 to Nov. 1. Two year contract with the possibility of renewal. There are a few requirements that will need to be addressed, like responsibility for irrigation of fields, cleaning of ditches and weed spraying. Send bids to Tolman Ranch LLC, PO Box 576, Ten Sleep WY, 82442, postmark by Feb. 20, 2023. For more information, contact Frank Keeler, 307-350-6994 2/4

APPROXIMATELY 150 TONS OF SANFOIN/ORCHARD

GRASS MIX HAY FOR SALE: Both first and second cuttings available, 4x4 squares, $225/ ton. Volume discounts available. Located west of Powell, WY, can load. Call 307-202-0532, please leave message 1/14

GRASS HAY FOR SALE: Cow and horse quality, 3x4 and 3x3 square bales. Delivery available!! Call 307-630-3046 12/24

BARLEY STRAW: Certified weed-free small squares, $4/ bale. ALSO, round bales. OATS, WHEAT AND BARLEY, $20/100 cwt. Greybull, WY area. Call 307762-3878 or 307-202-0108, leave message 1/14

PASTURE WANTED for 2,000 yearlings and 500 pairs. Can split into smaller bunches. 701523-1235 12/24

YOUNG

LOOKING FOR

LEASE OPPORTUNITIES. References available. Call 307-763-6319 1/7

VALLEY VIDEO HAY MARKETS, LLC INTERNET HAY AUCTION THURS. JAN., 26 at 2 p.m. For consignments go to www.valleyvideohay.com or call Barry McRea, 308-235-5386 1/14

CERTIFIED BARLEY STRAW FOR SALE, 3x4. Cody, WY. Call 307-899-1952 1/14

HAY FOR SALE: 2022 first and second cutting alfalfa, alfalfa/ grass, grass mix, straight grass, Haybet barley, straight millet and sorghum. 2021 alfalfa, alfalfa/ grass, grass, alfalfa/oats, alfalfa/ oats/millet. All in net-wrapped round bales. Semi load delivery available. Call for pricing, 701690-8116, please send a text if no answer or keep trying 1/14

GOOD AVAILABILITY OF ROUND AND SQUARE HAY AND STRAW BALES FOR SALE: Low delivery charge at cost. Volume discounts available. Call/text 1-204-209-1066 anytime for pricing 2/11

2022 MIXED HAY FOR SALE: Net-wrapped heavy bales. Call 605-431-6405, Lemmon, S.D. 1/14

1992 LOGAN COACH MALIBU TWO HORSE TRAILER FOR SALE: Bumper pull, electric brakes, ramp. Solid floor and wiring. Lockable tack storage. $2,500. Call 307-250-2685, Cody, WY. To view photos, go to www. wylr.net in the classifieds 1/7

2002 FORD F350 V10: 215k miles, single cab, long bed with utility boxes and headache rack\ metal rear bumper. Lights and locks in boxes. ALSO, has 36” tool box and floodlight. Newer injectors and seats. Great condition, $6,500. Call 307-250-5193, Cody, WY. To view photos, go to www. wylr.net in the classifieds 12/24

SEVERAL WELL BRED, REGISTERED THOROUGHBRED MARES AVAILABLE TO GOOD HOMES: Most of them are winners. All good broodmares. Owner is 85 years old, only selling due to getting older and health issues. Willing to make a heck of a deal, just want them to go to good homes. For more information, call 559-660-6182 12/24

MATCHED HALF DRAFT

TEAM: Two black geldings which includes one 2-yearold Clydesdale/Quarter Horse and one 3-year-old Friesian/ Clydesdale. Selling to intermediate/experienced teamster, about 15.5 hands, stands good for farrier, loads good in trailer, easy keepers. Good looking team with lots of potential. Asking $16,000, Cheyenne, WY. Please contact Sofia, 732-677-9028. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 12/31

WEANLING RED ROAN

FILLY: Outstanding red roan filly with black legs/mane/ tail. Born June 10. Sire is an AQHA and NRHA money winner DON’T STOP SHOOTIN. The filly is halter broke, trailer broke, leads, athletic and a very kind disposition. She is ready for the show ring or whatever you have planned. Call for more information, 307-532-1596 12/31

2022 3-WAY HAY WITH ALFALFA. ALSO, grass/alfalfa mix, 3x3 bales, barn stored. Call 307-3500350, Farson, WY 12/24

30 TONS EXCELLENT THIRD CUTTING ALFALFA/ORCHARDGRASS MIX, 4x4x8 bales, weed free, $250/ton. Call 307-921-0582 or 307-851-3912, Riverton, WY 12/31

MEADOW GRASS HAY: 2022 hay, $275/ton. 2021 hay, $250/ ton. Discount available for large purchases. For more information, please call Katie Scarbrough at 307-699-7375. Located Cora, WY 1/7

FIRST AND SECOND CUTTING ALFALFA/GRASS MIX: 1,300 lb. round bales. Feed analysis available upon request. Located near Powell, WY. Quarantine release has been done, $215/ton. Call 307-752-0377 12/24

2022 FIRST AND SECOND CUTTING ALFALFA: Large netwrapped round bales, located in Cody, WY. Can load. Call for price, 307-250-2329 1/7

HAY FOR SALE: Small square bales, 70 lbs. each, second cutting, 525 bales, alfalfa/grass hay. Lab report: Moisture 10%, protein 18.1%, 64 TDN, 134 RFV. Asking $9/bale. Call Don, 307-237-9373 (home) or 307259-8716 (cell) 1/7

FOR SALE: Bale King 5100

bale processor, like new. J&M 350 gravity box with 12 ton running gear. Gehl 1620 18’ chuckwagon with 14 ton tandem running gear. John Deere 714A and 716A chuckwagons with John Deere running gear and bunk feeding extensions, been shedded, nice condition. Lorenz 16’x33’ stack mover. Farm King 8’ snow blower with hydraulic spout. All in very nice condition!! Call 605-999-5482 12/24

EQUIPMENT FOR SALE: John Deere 8960 tractor with PTO; John Deere 5090e tractor with loader; CIH 1015 pick-up header; White 30’ disk; John Deere 7100 12 row planter; Morris 53’ airdrill; Lawson 12x30 double drum land areator; New Holland 1075 balewagon; Freeman self propelled 3 string balers; Freeman pull type 3 string balers; Vermeer R23 rake; Hesston 7434 3x4 baler; John Deere 569 baler; Massey Ferguson 2190 4x4 baler; Cat 950 loader; New Holland 359 grinder mixer; Artsway 425 grinder mixer; Modern Mill (mix mill) feed mill; Brandt 5200 grain vac; IHC 80 bbl vac truck; Merritt 48’x102” cattle pot; 2007 Western Star 4900 sleeper truck; Mobile Tech 9 yd. volumetric concrete mixer; Degelman 570 rock picker. Call 406-254-1254 12/31

J OHN DEERE 2955 TRACTOR: Front wheel assist with loader/grapple, less than 6,000 hours. $35,000. Call 307-216-0306 1/14

ELIMINATE ● RISING ● FUEL COSTS: Clean, safe and efficient wood heat. Central Boiler Classic and E-Classic Outdoor Wood Furnace; heats multiple buildings with only 1 furnace, 25-year warranty available. Heat with wood, no splitting! Available in dual fuel ready models. www.CentralBoiler.com WE ALSO HAVE whole house pellet/corn/biomass furnaces. Load once per month with hopper. www. Maximheat.com A-1 Heating Systems. Instant rebates may apply! Call today! 307742-4442. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds TFN

FAMILY

RANCH

PIPE FOR SALE!! 2 7/8, 3 1/2 tubing, 4” drill pipe, 4 1/2 casing, 5” casing, 7” casing. Rods 3/4, 7/8 and 1” located in Montana can ship anywhere. Call Mike, 602-758-4447. To view photos, go to www.wylr.net in the classifieds 1/14

Irrigation

WANTED TO

Irrigation Systems

Copper wire is being stolen from electrically powered pivot systems world-wide. Many growers have resorted to 24-hour guards, razor wire, floodlights and daily disassembly to protect themselves. T-L’s hydraulically powered pivot systems can be designed with little or no wire to steal. Stop theft and discover T-L’s reliability, simplicity

low maintenance cost. T-L irrigation systems are easier on you - for life.

Thanks to our friends, clients and customers for the continued loyalty and support. We hope the upcoming year brings you and your family peace and prosperity.

JAN. 5-7 : PETSKA FUR WILL BE BUYING ALL RAW/ DRY FUR DEER/ELK HIDES AND ANTLER, IN THE FOLLOWING TOWNS AND LOCATIONS: JAN. 5: Ft. Bridger 3:30-3:50 p.m., Cash Store; Evanston 4:30-5 p.m., Prairie Inn. JAN. 6: Kemmerer 7:20-7:40 a.m., Ham’s Fork Station/Sinclair; Cokeville 8:30-8:50 a.m., Flying J Truck Stop; Afton 9:50-10:20 a.m., Afton Country Village; Thayne 10:40-10:50 a.m., Farmer’s Feed (drive thru); Etna 10:5011 a.m., Etna Trading Post (drive thru); Alpine 11:40 a.m.-12:10 p.m., Grey’s River Saloon; Hoback Jct. 12:401:10 p.m., Hoback Market/ Exxon; Bondurant 1:40-2 p.m., Elkhorn Bar (drive thru); Bondurant 1:55-2:10 p.m., Post Office (drive thru); Daniel 2:30-2:50 p.m., The Den; Pinedale 3:10-3:40 p.m., Gannett Sports; Big Piney 4:154:30 p.m., Public RR Visitor Info. lot; La Barge 5:15-5:30 p.m., All American Fuel (drive thru); Fontenelle 6 p.m., drive thru call Greg on this day only; Green River 7 p.m., Hitching Post. JAN. 7: Green River 7:30-7:50 a.m., Hitching Post; Rock Springs 8:20-9 a.m., WY Wool Warehouse; Wamsutter 10-10:10 a.m., Wamsutter Conoco (drive thru); Rawlins 10:50 a.m.-11:20 p.m., Trails West Meat Processing; Saratoga 12:15-12:45 p.m., Saratoga Feed & Grain (drive thru); Elk Mountain 1:30-1:40 p.m., Conoco on I-80 (drive thru); Hanna 1:55-2:05 p.m., Hometown Market (drive thru); Medicine Bow 2:30-2:40 p.m., JB’s (drive thru); Rock River 2:50-3 p.m., Rancher’s Supply (drive thru); Laramie 3:50-4:50 p.m., West Laramie Fly Shop. For more information, call Greg, 308-750-0700, or visit www. petskafur.net 12/31

JAN. 9-10: PETSKA FUR WILL BE BUYING ALL RAW/DRY FUR DEER/ELK HIDES AND ANTLER, IN THE FOLLOWING TOWNS AND LOCATIONS: JAN. 9: Pine Bluffs 3:45-4 p.m., Sinclair; Burns 4:40-4:50 p.m., Antelope Truck Stop (drive thru); Cheyenne 5:15-5:30 p.m., Home on the Range Processing. JAN. 10: Cheyenne 7:30-8 a.m., Tractor Supply; Chugwater 8:45-9 a.m., Stampede Saloon (drive thru); Wheatland 9:45-10:15 a.m., Wheatland Travel Plaza; Guernsey 10:50-11:10 a.m., Crazy Tony’s; Fort Laramie 11:40-11:50 a.m., Ft. Laramie Bar/Grill (drive thru); Lingle 12:10-12:30 p.m., Ty’s Pit Stop; Torrington 12:40-1 p.m., Gary’s Gun Shop; Scottsbluff, NE 2-2:30 p.m., Murdoch’s (north side). For more information, call Greg, 308-750-0700, or visit www.petskafur.net 12/31

Property for Sale

Property for Sale

NEW LISTING!

Sand Butte Ranch

The Sand Butte Ranch is located near Pavillion, WY in the Midvale Irrigation District. The ranch totals 1,423 acres, with 582 irrigated. Five Reinke center pivots, a small amount of sideroll and gated pipe. Two nice homesteads on the property with typical set of support buildings. Too much to this ranch to describe here. Please go to www.wyomingrangerealty.com for brochure or call and have one sent to you. Offered at $4.9mm.

NEW LISTING!

Fremont County, Wyoming

Located one mile east of Pavillion, WY, this 65 acres has 55 irrigated thru Midvale Irrigation District. No improvements. Currently in grass with 10% alfalfa recently interseeded. Propane powered pump efficiently moves water through gated pipe and ditches. Owner reports pumping cost is approximately 400 gals propane/cutting. Secluded, but easy access to main road. Several nice building sites. Perimeter fenced. Real estate taxes: $400/yr

Midvale water: $1,420/yr THIS IS A RANGE REALTY LLC EXCLUSIVE LISTING

Offered at $260,000

MERRY CHRISTMAS TO ALL OUT THERE IN WLR COUNTRY! Thank you for making 2022 a successful year for our outfit. Hope all of yours’ was also and wishing you an even better 2023!

RANGE REALTY, LLC

Fred Nelson, Broker/Owner 307.840.0593

255 Shetland Road • Riverton, WY 82501 email: kinnear@wyoming.com www.wyomingrangerealty.com

SALE: 22,000+ acre central Arizona ranch, 200+ head yearlong, plus up to 2,500 stockers seasonally, Arizona state plus small BLM grazing leases, small feedyard, modest headquarters on 10 deeded acres, $1,200,000; Former ranch homestead, 1,056 sq. ft. house built in 1935, fireplace, kitchen, private well, electric power and phone. Feels remote with mountain views and thousands of acres of open space but sits just a highway close to shopping, medical facilities, Tucson and Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport, $390,000.

LARGER RANCHES also available. Harley Hendricks Realty, 877-349-2565, www.harleyhendricks.com 1/7

Harold Lee Reimler was born on July 14, 1938, in Marquand, Mo. to Herman and Beulah Reimler. He grew up and went to school in Marquand, and he graduated from Marquand High School in 1956.

Harold boarded a train the day he graduated high school and moved to

Kit Carson, Colo. where he went to work for Peter Kiewit Construction. He met the love of his life Dana Rule, a student at the University of Northern Colorado, on a blind date in Greeley, Colo.

Harold and Dana were married on June 18, 1964, in Eagle, Colo., and they made their home in Greeley. They started their family with the birth of their two sons, Tim and Dan.

In 1972, they moved to Eagle, Colo. and lived and worked on the family ranch. Harold also worked at the Bank of Eagle County as a loan officer.

Harold started a feed store and a trailer sales business that he owned

and operated until 1979 when they moved to the Wagonhammer Ranch northeast of Gillette.

He also worked as a loan officer at the First National Bank of Gillette during this time. In 1994, the Reimlers moved to a ranch west of Casper, and Harold also started Reimler Contract Seeding.

Dana passed away in October 2010, and Harold continued living west of Casper. He retired in 2019 and moved to Buffalo where he lived until his death.

Harold was a member of the Masonic Lodge Ancient and Free and Accepted Masons in Gillette and Eagle, Colo. He was an avid and accomplished woodworker. He loved to travel, but his passion was his work and spending time with his family.

He is survived by his two sons, Tim Reimler and his wife Jackie of Buffalo and Dan Reim-

ler and his wife Brandy of Rozet; his four grandchildren, Kaylee Long, Casey Rae Sellers, Breanna Kinghorn and Clancy Reimler; one great-grandson, Wyatt Long and several nieces and nephews. He was preceded in death by his wife, his parents and his two brothers, Ray and Charlie Reimler.

Funeral services were held Dec. 21 at the Summit Wesleyan Church in Buffalo with Pastor William Dunlap officiating. Visitation was held at the Harness Funeral Home Chapel in Buffalo on Dec. 20. Interment was held in Quiet Rest Cemetery in Kearney with graveside services following the funeral.

Donations in Harold’s memory may be made to the Summit Wesleyan Church Missions Fund at 980 N. Main, St. Buffalo, WY 82834. Online condolences may be made at harnessfuneralhome.com

Mineral Rights

320 ACRES WITH A MILE AND A HALF OF LIVE SPRING WATER: Alpine setting. Beautiful views. Located in the Dillon, MT area. $1,700,000. Call Sidwell Land & Cattle Co., Richard Sidwell, 406-861-4426, 406322-4425 or e-mail sidwell@ sidwell-land.com 1/28

Top Sellers

Bulls

Lot 4 – Bobcat Exclusive K2 – Price: $10,000 DOB: 2/9/22 Sire: Musgrave 316 Exclusive Dam’s Sire: EXAR Denver 2002B

EPDs: BW: +0.9, WW: +72, YW: +123 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Cross W Livestock, Ekalaka, Mont.

Lot 6 – Bobcat Emerald K24 – Price: $10,000 DOB: 2/17/22 Sire: Connealy Emerald Dam’s Sire: Sitz Upward 307R EPDs:

BW: +2.4, WW: +70, YW: +120 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Cross W Livestock, Ekalaka, Mont.

Lot 102 – Bobcat Blue Sky 183 – Price: $9,000 DOB: 3/7/21 Sire: Bobcat Blue Sky Dam’s Sire: Mytty Natural EPDs: BW: +0.6, WW: +77, YW: +133 and Milk: +22 Buyer: Diamond Box Ranch, Cut Bank, Mont.

Lot 1 – Bobcat Exclusive K5 – Price: $8,500 DOB: 2/11/22 Sire: Mus-

Bowman Cattle Sixth Annual Angus Bull Sale

grave 316 Exclusive Dam’s Sire: EXAR Denver 2002B

EPDs: BW: +2.8, WW: +74, YW: +128 and Milk: +25 Buyer: Kevin Nelson, Richland, Mont.

Lot 30 – Bobcat Exclusive J285 – Price: $8,500 DOB: 9/22/21 Sire: Musgrave 316 Exclusive Dam’s Sire: EXAR Denver 2002B EPDs: BW: +0.8, WW: +74, YW: +137 and Milk: +34 Buyer: Jay Vasboe, Cut Bank, Mont.

Lot 43 – Bobcat Upstream J226 – Price: $8,500 DOB: 9/9/21 Sire: Mohnen Upstream Dam’s Sire: SydGen Enhance EPDs: BW: +2.2, WW: +72, YW: +141 and Milk: +34 Buyer: Glennie Ranches, Two Dot, Mont.

Female

Lot 164 – Baldco Emulota 5685 – Price: $6,250 DOB: 3/10/15 Sire: Sitz Upward 307R Dam’s Sire: S A V 004 Predominant 4438 EPDs: BW: +3.4, WW: +74, YW: +115 and Milk: +36 Buyer: Wyatt Berkram, Cut Bank, Mont.

Milk: +26 Buyer: Harding Ranch, Meriden Lot 47 – Bowman Territory 153 – Price: $10,000 DOB: 2/18/21 Sire: S A V Territory 7225 Dam’s Sire: Barstow Cash EPDs: BW: +3.1, WW: +83, YW: +144 and Milk: +19 Buyer: Harding Ranch, Meriden

to reduce the threat of invasive water species, he noted.

“Roughly 58 boats had some sort of viable or crusted mussel attached to them,” he said. “This is a significant increase compared to past years.”

Preliminary discussions are focused on trying to address most infestations at the border where boats are coming in from South Dakota and other states. In the northeast, Newcastle and Lusk are scheduled to have additional check stations in an effort to address individuals skipping any of the interstate check stations.

Smith shared if live mussels are found in Wyoming, all major reservoirs have an action plan in place. Increased exit inspections and decontaminations will occur at reservoirs testing positive to prevent spread in Wyoming. To date, WGFD has not detected infestation in any reservoirs or bodies of water in the state.

Bighorn sheep

In regards to the reintroduction of Bighorn sheep in the Sweetwater Rocks, WGFD has been recently trying to push forward. However, after the conclusion of the Bighorn Sheep Domestic Sheep Interaction Working Group November meeting, it was been decided the project won’t be pushed forward at this time.

lic lands,” he said. “It’s not a good time for us to continue right now with this project. It’s not to say this project is abandoned, but we’re going to try to move forward and find some solutions to address these concerns.”

There were several options discussed at the working group meeting. One of them is to try to pursue a memorandum of agreement or memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), which may address permittees concerns.

“Another option may be to amend the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agency’s Bighorn sheep management guidelines to allow individual states an opportunity to assume additional risk with sheep reintroductions,” shared Smith. “A third option would be WGFD Director Brian Nesvik and a group of other folks exploring federal legislation providing relief to permittees to cover their concerns.”

WSGA Executive Vice President Jim Magagna clarified a MOU with the BLM would not be to allow for the reintroduction, but would be to solely provide protection in the event some Bighorn sheep wander in the area.

been a big concern for many operations across the state with overpopulated elk herds.

“Our normal season structures and timelines are not meeting our goals of elk management, so we need to try something different,” said Smith.

Within this last year, WGFD looked into their department regulations in regards to depredation hunting seasons.

“The department has taken this regulation and reworked it to try to provide a broader approach in managing some of these situations with elk specifically,” shared Smith. “The new chapter is called ‘Auxiliary Hunting Management Seasons’ and what it’s intended to do is to address issues pertaining to damage by big game, trophy game, wild turkeys or meet disease management objectives WGFD might have.”

“The way this is intended to work is through local personnel – game wardens, biologist, etc., would identify a problem of damage or disease and work together with landowners to implement auxiliary management hunting seasons,” he added.

Top Sellers

Lot 25 – Bowman

Linebacker 157 – Price: $17,000 DOB: 2/22/21

Sire: TK Linebacker 157 Dam’s Sire: S A V Bismarck 5682 EPDs: BW: +3.5, WW: +75, YW: +139 and Milk: +25

Buyer: Harding Ranch, Meriden Lot 8 – Bowman Steamboat 108 – Price: $10,000 DOB: 2/15/21

Sire: T K Steamboat D307 Dam’s Sire: Musgrave Big Sky EPDs: BW: +4.0, WW: +74, YW: +134 and

Lot 60 – Bowman Johnny Walker 101 – Price: $9,250 DOB: 1/31/21

Sire: Simonson Johnny Walker 1729 Dam’s Sire: Spring Cove Reno 402 EPDs: BW: +1.8, WW: +74, YW: +135 and Milk: +22 Buyer: Darby Jesperson, Hemingford, Neb.

Lot 43 – CRS Diamnd Jubilee 110 – Price: $20,000 DOB:4/9/21 Sire: CRS Diamnd Jubilee 816 Dam’s Sire: CRS Diamnd Landslide 4061 EPDs: BW: -4.1, WW: +67, YW: +108 and Milk: +25 Buyer: M3 Cattle, Ian and Jessica Miller, Henryetta, Okla.

“The department is sensitive to permittee concerns on how this could potentially affect grazing on pub-

“Any reintroduction of Bighorn sheep would require congressional action to provide protections against any impacts on grazing permittees,” said Magagna.

Elk populations

Elk management has

In the past, hunters and the public had to apply for depredation seasons. Smith noted they have a few things to discuss further before implementation, but new chapter rules pertaining to auxiliary hunting management seasons are in effect.

Brittany Gunn is the editor of the Wyoming Livestock Roundup. Send comments on this article to roundup@ wylr.net.

Top Sellers

Lot 1 – CRS Diamnd Noble 109 – Price: $30,000

DOB: 4/0/21 Sire: CRS Diamnd Just Right 8231 Dam’s Sire: CRS Diamnd Granite 3273 EPDs: BW: -1.8, WW: +68, YW: +113 and Milk: +27 Buyer: Right On Cattle Company, Mark and Jodi Nelson, Bertrand, Neb.

Lot 39 – CRS

Diamnd Native Bourn 1298 – Price: $25,000

DOB:5/13/21 Sire: CRS Diamnd Rebourne 769

Dam’s Sire: CRS Diamnd Foundation 5143 EPDs: BW: -3.7, WW: +68, YW: +107 and Milk: +22

Buyer: Adolph Red Angus and Freedom Hills Ranch,

Mount Carroll, Ill.

Lot 2 – CRS Diamnd Level Best 1231 – Price: $23,000 DOB:5/6/21 Sire: Red SSS Big Shot 703G

Dam’s Sire: CRS Diamnd Alliance 0235 EPDs: BW: -1.2, WW: +58, YW: +94 and Milk: +23 Buyer: Adolph Red Angus and Freedom Hills Ranch, Mount Carroll, Ill.

Lot 37 – CRS Diamnd Stockmarket 1081 – Price: $22,000 DOB:4/28/21

Sire: Bieber CL Stockmarket D119 Dam’s Sire: CRS Diamnd Twix 1152 EPDs: BW: +0.3, WW: +74, YW: +123 and Milk: +26

Buyer: Adolph Red Angus and Freedom Hills Ranch, Mount Carroll, Ill.

Lot 117 – CRS Diamnd Jubilee 1241 – Price: $20,000 DOB:5/8/21 Sire: CRS Diamnd Jubilee 816 Dam’s Sire: 3SCC Domain A163 EPDs: BW: -2.2, WW: +75, YW: +118 and Milk: +27 Buyer: Right On Cattle, Bertrand, Neb.

Lot 197- CRS Diamnd Ironclad 1084- Price: $20,000 DOB:4/28/21

Sire: Red JJL Final Deal 78Z Dam’s Sire: 5L Hard Rock 2188-09X EPDs: BW: -3.3, WW: +55, YW: +94 and Milk: +23 Buyer: Right On Cattle Company, Bertrand, Neb.

Lot 4 – CRS Diamnd Groundwork 1093 – Price: $20,000 DOB:4/29/21 Sire: CRS Diamnd Landslide 514 Dam’s Sire: 5L Bourne 117-48A EPDs: BW: -3.0, WW: +52, YW: +79 and Milk: +28 Buyer: Gilroy Land and Cattle, Dalton and Alliance, Neb.

Reported By: Curt Cox, WYLR Field Editor Dec. 9, 2022

Sugar Valley Stockyards, Gering, Neb. Auctioneer: Kyle Schow 62 Coming-Two-Year-Old Angus Bulls Avg. $6,282

Adobe Stock photo

Maycle Fern Boyd Wilson

Maycle Fern Boyd

Wilson was a kind, thoughtful and loyal daughter, wife, mother, grandmother, greatgrandmother and friend.

She was born May 2, 1929 in Midwest, and her family moved to Thermopolis shortly thereafter, where she lived the rest of her life. She passed away on Dec. 17 in Bozeman, Mont. at the age of 93. She was living at the Spring Creek Inn Memory Care Community.

Maycle was married to Willard Wilson in 1947, and they were married for 67 years. Her life was centered around him, and she missed him dearly when he passed in 2014. They had been childhood sweethearts since she was 14.

Maycle and Willard raised two children, Jim, born in 1949 and June, born in 1950. Family was Maycle’s life, and she encouraged and helped her children in their many endeavors throughout their childhood and adult lives.

She belonged to many organizations and was very active in most of

them. She was a lifetime member of the First Baptist Church, teaching children, starting when she was a young teenager, and adult Sunday School classes, from 1975 to 2001, as well as Vacation Bible School. She had perfect church attendance for 17 years.

Maycle was a member of the Wyoming Republican Party, the Hot Springs County Pioneer Association, the Hot Springs County Historical Society, Wyoming Stock Growers Association (WSGA) and Farm Bureau.

Maycle did the books, cattle buying and bull business for the ranch she and Willard owned and kept them balanced to the penny. She also served as a chauffeur for Willard as they traveled nationally and globally, and she wasn’t afraid to get there fast. She drove to Montana for her 90th birthday, explaining she was turning 90, not driving 90.

She and Willard loved to travel and visited France, England, Scotland, Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands,

Germany, Turkey, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and Mexico – some for cattle business and some for the fun of it.

Maycle was fastidious in all areas of her life – her appearance, her home, her work, her commitment to others and to her faith.

Her faith guided her throughout her life. She served her church community for many years, and at 93, delivered Meals on Wheels to the “elderly.” She enjoyed music and sang in the choir for many years. She could whistle and often whistled a tune while she worked.

Maycle enjoyed spending time with her grandchildren and greatgrandchildren and was always available to play board games and give her full attention. She could also be counted on for plenty of licorice and gum balls, which will never be forgotten.

Not only was Maycle kind, faithful and thoughtful, but also loyal, driven and productive. At 90, she felt guilty if she hadn’t accomplished much by lunchtime. She was a good friend to many, both in the church and outside of it, still baking cookies and delivering them to friends and neighbors.

Service was something Maycle valued and she excelled at. She will

be dearly missed by all those who loved her.

She is survived by her son Jim (Terry) Wilson, her daughter June (David) Voldseth; grandchildren Billie Jo (Jason) Norsworthy, Sonia (Grant) Voldseth, Vance (Kim) Voldseth, Laura (Chris) Hunter; great-grandchildren Emme Norsworthy, Gavin Voldseth, Tristan Voldseth, Brooks Voldseth, Skylar McDonald, Ruby McDonald, Oliver Hunter, Elliot Hunter and Eva Hunter.

She is also survived by her dear friend and sister-in-law and her husband, Darleen and Sidney Schmidt, and numerous nieces and nephews.

Maycle was preceded in death by her parents John and Eunice Boyd, her husband Willard and her siblings Berta Jean Purcell, Doris Fisher and John Boyd.

Memorials can be given to the First Baptist Church of Thermopolis, Hot Springs County Senior Citizens Center, WSGA Endowment Fund or the organization of your choice.

Funeral services will be held at the First Baptist Church of Thermopolis on Dec. 29 at 11 a.m. with graveside services following. A meal will be served at the Fellowship Hall of the church following the graveside services.

CONNECTING AG to CLIMATE

By Windy Kelley, Northern Plains Regional Climate Hub

Recent and current conditions

Wyoming experienced its 19th coolest and 38th wettest November out of 128 years, according to the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Information database, retrieved Dec. 20.

The U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) map for Wyoming, released Dec. 15, classifies nearly 20 percent of the state as abnormally dry and over 54 percent of Wyoming in moderate to extreme drought (D1–D3). The remainder of the state, less than 25 percent, is classified as none – in other words, these areas are not experiencing abnormally dry or drought conditions.

View the current USDM map at bit.ly/2S28VTA

Consider submitting a Condition Monitoring Observer Report at bit.ly/3c4WRLR

Eight- to 14-day and one-month forecasts

NOAA’s eight- to 14-day forecast for Dec. 27 through Jan. 2, issued Dec. 19, shows a 50 to 70 percent probability for above normal temperatures for all of Wyoming. For the same timeframe, the fore-

cast shows a 33 to 60 percent probability for above normal precipitation for the entire state, with the probability increasing from east to west.

The January forecast, issued Dec. 15, indicates an equal probability for below, near or above normal temperatures for nearly the entire state. The exception is the greater northeast corner where there is a 30 to 40 percent probability for below normal temperatures.

For the same timeframe, there is a 33 to 50 percent probability for above normal precipitation for nearly all of Wyoming. The southeast corner is the exception with an equal probability for below, near or above normal precipitation. For details and to view more NOAA forecasts, visit cpc. ncep.noaa.gov

Windy K. Kelley is the regional Extension program coordinator and state specialist for the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Northern Plains Climate Hub and the University of Wyoming Extension. She can be reached at 307-367-4380 or by e-mailing wkelley1@ uwyo.edu.

BIG PINEY

1 Cow, 1440# $70.00

EVANSTON

1 Cow, 1155# $68.00

BONDURANT

2 Cow, 1162# $67.50

MCKINNON

2 Cow, 1402# $65.00

BIG PINEY

1 Cow, 1410# $64.00

KINNEAR

2 Cow, 1552# $63.50

BOULDER

RIVERTON

5 Cow, 1386# $62.50

1 Cow, 1400# $62.00

BOULDER

3 Cow, 1236# $61.50

BIG PINEY

6 Cow, 1320# $61.00

WOODRUFF, UT

BOULDER

4 Cow, 1455# $60.00

1 Cow, 1645# $60.00

WOODRUFF, UT

4 Cow, 1326# $59.50

KINNEAR

1 Cow, 1220# $59.00

LANDER

SHOSHONI

5 Cow, 1169# $58.50

1 Cow, 1195# $58.00

MCKINNON

RAWLINS

BULLS

1 Bull, 2120# $90.00

1 Bull, 1925# $87.50

KINNEAR

1 Bull, 2210# $85.00

RAWLINS 1 Bull, 1930# $82.00

CASPER 2 Bull, 1890# $81.50

RAWLINS 1 Bull, 1920# $77.00

Knife cut. Complete mineral program. High elevation & Fancy!!

Seth Jones – 125 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 550-600#. Rec Vista Once Sq & 8 way @ branding & weaning. Weaned a long time, hay fed. Fancy, High elevation calves!

Huxtable Ranch – 110 Blk Ang & AngX Hfrs 450-600#. Rec Vista Once SQ & Vision 7 @ branding & Precon 9-17. Rec Nasalgen & poured @ weaning 10-10. High elevation, Green, High Quality Calves!!

Mitch Benson – 90 Blk Ang & Blk AngX Strs & Hfrs 550650#. Rec Vision 7 w/Somnus & Vista Once SQ @ Branding, knife cut. Sired by Reg Blk Ang Bulls and summered in Natrona County, preconditioned on 9/26, poured, rec Vision 7 w/Somnus, and Nasalgen. Weaned for over 60 days on barley hay, complete minerals program, Key-Lix SAF MOS tubs, bunk and water broke, calves are fancy and green!

Roitz Ranch – 90 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 450-550#.

Rec Vista Once SQ & Vision 7 @ branding & Precon 11/1. Green, High desert & High Quality!!

Woolery

weaning. Weaned on pasture & hay. Full mineral program. Sired by Black Summit & Big Country Genetic Sim/Ang Bulls. Fancy!!

Hovendick Ranch – 70 Blk Ang & AngX Hfrs 550-600#. Rec Vision 8, Nasalgen, Vista 5 @ branding. Weaned 45 days out on pasture aftermath! Nice, stout made heifers!!

Rodewald Ranch – 58 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 500600#. Rec Vision 7, Once PMH IN & Vista 5 @ branding. Rec Vista 5, Vision 7 w/Somnus, Once PMH IN & Safeguard. Bunk Broke. Comp mineral program. Sired by Powerful Blk Ang Bulls.

Bob Chesnovar – 35 Blk Ang & AngX Strs & Hfrs 550600#. Rec Bovi Shield Gold & Ultrabac 8 @ branding & Precon. Knife cut. Hfrs are bangs vacc. Full mineral program. High elevation!!

Brody Livestock – 26 Blk Ang Strs & Hfrs 550-600#. Rec 8 way & Vista 5. Weaned Oct 13th, been