SEEDS
www.wynnstay.co.uk
SPRING 2015
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION The Wynnstay Group has two well equipped, high capacity seed production plants – one in Yorkshire and one in Shropshire. Producing well in excess of 30,000 tonnes of top quality cereal seed each year, Wynnstay is the third largest producer in the UK. In ever more demanding conditions where modern seed drills cover huge areas each day, the ability to produce over 500t/day of quality seed enables us to get seed on your farm when it is required.
Join us at the:
Nr
See page 18 for more details
Selby
This scale of business also ensures that we should always be competitive. We constantly strive to offer you the best terms. We work very closely with all the main plant breeders and seed treatment manufacturers. This also means that we can offer the full range of the best varieties for all markets, treated with a wide selection of seed treatment technology.
Shrewsbury
Hi-Gene Seed from Wynnstay
Richard Torr Wynnstay Seed Sales Manager
2
Top Quality Cereal Seed at Competitive Terms WYNNSTAY HI-GENE SEED
Actual Figures Autumn 2014
85%
90%
97.5%
-
99.9%
99%
99.7%
99.9%
Non Cereals
14
2
1
Other Cultivated Cereal Species
14
3
1
Ergot
6
1
NIL
Wild Radish/Corn Cockle
6
1
NIL
Wild Oats
1
NIL
NIL
GERMINATION Freedom From Weed Seeds Varietal Purity*
EEC
HVS
85% -
MAXIMUM IMPURITIES PER KG
}
0.24
EEC Standard
*Subject to the quality of the input seed purchased from a third party
Hi-Gene seed is a name synonymous with seed of a high genetic potential and free from contamination. The table above shows the potential problems that can be bought in when seed is produced to the normal certified standards. Our seed is grown predominantly in the western region whereas most other seed companies produce their seed in the eastern counties where Blackgrass is a widespread problem. Why take the chance of allowing this very problematic weed to become established on your farm? The standards shown for Hi-Gene Seed shows that potential problems are minimised. This guarantee of purity is backed up by reports from official seed testing stations which very frequently show our seed to be totally free from any impurity at all.
HVS Standard
Hi-Gene Seed These pictures show the possible contamination levels for each grade of seed. They show the maximum number of impurities in 1kg of cleaned seed.
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SPRING BARLEY MALTING VARIETIES • • • •
Tamtam x Concerto RAGT The highest yielding spring barley available A potential new brewing variety which has been topping trials in the UK, as well as most other EU regions Very good early brewing and agronomic results Will be trialled by the IBD from crop 2015 and should only be grown for malting on contract until it is recommended.
KWS IRINA
• • • •
Conchita x Quench KWS Brewing and export variety under test by the IBD Currently the second highest yielding variety available KWS Irina has Provisional Approval 1 for brewing Short straw and good disease package, particularly for Mildew and Ramularia
ODYSSEY
• • • •
Concerto x Quench Limagrain A dual purpose variety with Full Approval for malt distilling and brewing An excellent disease package High resistance to Mildew and Rhynchosporium Good brackling resistance
CONCERTO
• • •
Minstrel x Westminster Limagrain Fully Approved for malt distilling and brewing A little off the pace in yield terms but good premium potential Can be susceptible to Rhynchosporium if not managed
PROPINO
• • • • •
Quench x Tipple Full Approval for Brewing Occupies 16% share of UK market Very high yielding malting variety Excellent disease package with good resistance to brackling Particularly high resistance to mildew and Rhynchosporium
Syngenta
MALTING BARLEY CONTRACTS AVAILABLE ON CONCERTO AND PROPINO FOR HARVEST 2015. PLEASE PHONE THE OFFICE FOR FURTHER DETAILS.
SANETTE
• • • • •
Yard x Summit Syngenta Provisional Approval 2 for brewing but yet to be accepted Very high yielding variety Up to 7% higher yielding than the popular feed varieties Very strong resistance to Mildew and Ramularia May not suit all maltster requirements but excellent yield and agronomics
SOURCE: HGCA
RGT PLANET
KWS IRINA
SANETTE
PROPINO
ODYSSEY
Treated Yeild %
109
108
Western Region Yield %
109
107
Untreated Yield %
QUENCH
107
102
102
101
97
107
102
101
101
98
CONCERTO
97
94
92
90
89
88
86
IBD malting approval for brewing use
T
P
P
F
F
O
F
IBD malting approval for distilling use
N
N
N
N
F
N
F
Overseas malting
-
[Y]
[Y]
Y
[Y]
Y
[Y]
67.9 4.1
66.2 4.6
67.2 4.7
67.9 2.4
68.2 3.6
68.4 4.9
68.8 2.8
Straw Characteristics Resistance to lodging Straw Length (cm) Earliness of Ripening Resistance to brackling
7 74 +1 8
8 70 +1 9
7 72 +2 8
7 77 +1 8
6 75 +2 8
7 72 +1 8
6 78 +2 8
Disease resistance Mildew Yellow rust Brown rust Rhynchosporium
[9] [4] 5 5
9 [6] 5 5
9 [7] 4 6
6 4 5 6
9 7 4 6
8 5 4 6
9 7 6 4
Grain Quality Specific weight (kg/hl) Sieving % through 2.5 mm
SPRING BARLEY MALTING VARIETIES
RGT PLANET
F = full IBD approval P = provisional IBD approval T = under test N = not approved by IBD for the segment O = no longer approved by IBD [Y] = may be suited to that market Y = suited to that market
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
3
FEED BARLEY VARIETIES
FEED BARLEY VARIETIES KELIM • • • • •
NFC 405-91 x Quench Syngenta The number 1 choice for growers looking to maximise the yield of grain and straw Survey results from 2014 show very good grower satisfaction (see survey results opposite) Long straw which yields more straw per acre than all other varieties, including Westminster (see Straw Yield Table opposite) Stiff straw and the top rating for resistance to Brackling Good resistance to Mildew and Rhyncho
PROPINO • • • •
Quench x Tipple Syngenta A malting variety that is Fully Approved for brewing but has a yield and straw characteristics that make it a very popular feed barley too Good resistance to Mildew and Rhynchosporium Relatively long straw with good straw yields (see Straw Yield Table opposite) Excellent grain quality
SANETTE
Summit/Yard Syngenta • Exceptionally high yields of good quality grain • Sanette has some malting quality but will be more popular for feed • Shorter straw than some but has been shown to produce good straw yields (see case study on pages 6 & 7)
WESTMINSTER • • • •
NSL97-5547 x Barke Limagrain Westminster has been very popular, particularly in the western region, where its long straw is favoured Combines long straw with superb disease resistance (7 for Rhynchosporium and a 9 for Mildew) though the straw strength is only moderate so needs a growth regulator programme in fertile situations Higher yielding alternatives are now available Where growers are looking to maximise straw yield and grain yield Kelim may be a better option
WAGGON • • •
NFC 499 69 x Vortex Syngenta Waggon was first available 8 years ago but it remains a popular feed variety Lodging and brackling resistance are both good It is favoured for its early maturity and has good resistance to Mildew but is very weak on Rhynchosporium resistance so needs careful attention in the western region
GARNER
Tocada x Quench Syngenta • Garner is a high yielding feed variety • Average straw length but very stiff • Similar performance to Waggon but much better resistance to Rhynchosporium
SOURCE: HGCA
RGT PLANET
SANETTE
PROPINO
QUENCH
GARNER
KELIM
WAGGON
WESTMINSTER
109 109
107 107
102 102
101 101
101 102
101 101
100 100
93 94
97
92
90
88
88
90
87
84
67.9
67.2
67.9
68.4
66.9
67.9
67.6
70.0
Straw Characteristics Resistance to lodging Straw height (cm) Earliness of Ripening Resistance to brackling
7 74 +1 8
7 72 +2 8
7 77 +1 8
7 72 +1 8
8 74 0 7
8 79 +2 9
7 74 0 8
7 82 +1 7
Disease resistance Mildew Yellow rust Brown rust Rhynchosporium
[9] [4] 5 5
9 [7] 4 6
6 4 5 6
8 5 4 6
9 6 4 7
8 [5] 4 6
9 7 5 4
8 7 6 7
Treated Yield % Western Region Yield % Untreated Yield % Grain quality Specific weight
F = full IBD approval P = provisional IBD approval T = under test
Kelim spring barley has all the characteristics of a feed variety
4
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KELIM BARLEY
Kelim spring barley has all the characteristics needed in a feed variety
Spring Barley Straw Yield This table shows the actual yields of straw from trials carried out in Northern Ireland for the last 5 years. Kelim has a clear advantage, producing significantly more than all the other varieties in the trials.
T/Ha at 100% DM 2010-2014
KELIM BARLEY
Spring Barley – Number 1 for Grain and Straw
Kelim Feedback RESULTS from harvest 2014 We surveyed all grows that had more than 20 acres of Kelim in 2014. Please see results:
1) How would you rate the grain yield of your Kelim Spring Barley in 2014:
Variety
T/Ha
Kelim
4.04
RGT Conquest
3.68
Piper
3.64
Hacker
3.5
Westminster
3.48
Pathfinder
3.45
Sienna
3.44
Propino
3.4
Invictus
3.38
SY Taberna
3.37
Olympus
3.33
Dandy
3.29
Garner
3.27
Dragoon
3.23
Quench
3.21
Scholar
3.2
Deveron
3.18
Overtire
3.16
Concerto
3.13
Milford
3.13
KWS Irina
3.11
Glassel
3.09
Natasia
3.06
Vault
2.99
RGT-Planet
2.98
78%
Sanette
2.96
Good/Very Good
Telsa
2.95
NFC Tipple
2.94
Odyssey
2.94
Waggon
2.93
Crooner
2.92
Moonshine
2.91
Shaloo
2.84
Montoya
2.83
95%
Rhynchostar
2.82
Good/Very Good
Shada
2.8
Amalika
2.6
Octavia
2.54
KWS Orphelia
2.53
KWS Aurelia
2.29
83%
Good/Very Good
Average Yield = 2.78 tonnes/ acre
Highest tonnages recorded: Phillip Needs, High Park Farm 3.5T David Phillips, Windsor Farm 3-3.5T 2) How would you rate the straw yield of your Kelim Spring Barley in 2014: Average tonnage of straw/acre = 1.93 tonnes 88% Good/Very Good
Average number of bales/ acre = 8.3
EE & MJ Jones, Cwmbychan Farm 10 bales/acre Williams, Wig Farm 3T/acre
3) How would you rate the straw standing ability/resistance to lodging of your Kelim Spring Barley:
4) How would you rate the grain quality of your Kelim Spring Barley:
Source: AFBI
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
5
CASE STUDY
CASE STUDY
Introduction Wynnstay agronomist Daniel Bates is often questioned as to whether his clients throughout Wales should grow their own cereal crops, or whether they would be better off simply buying in grain and straw. With this in mind Daniel, in association with Farming Connect, set up a farm scale trial to investigate at what level growing spring barley in mid Wales is profitable. “We have seen significant swings in the grain price recently and it is this volatility that has a big impact on the profitability of my mixed farm clients”, comments Mr Bates. “Much of the grain is fed on the farm and growing their own cereal crops means that farms are more in control of their costs rather than being exposed to world grain market price swings. However, we wanted to investigate at what price level growing the crop pays off when using real costs and actual on farm results”.
Does it pay to grow
Results Four of our most popular spring barleys were chosen and 2 acre blocks were drilled of each variety. Inputs were carefully monitored and yields of grain and straw were accurately assessed by emptying the grain into 1t seed bags for weighing purposes, and the small bales produced were weighed and counted. The plots were not replicated so any variations in soil type or fertility across the field were not factored in, but the field was selected on the basis of it showing little variation. All the tractor work such as cultivations, drilling, spraying, fertiliser applications, combining, baling and carting were costed on the basis of contractors charges for that area. The costs for fertiliser, agro chemicals and seed were the same for all varieties. All the fertiliser was supplied and costed as bagged product, which in reality may make the costings slightly high for most farms in Wales where manures would be utilised to some degree. The details of all these costings are available on request but the summary is shown below. A nominal rent of £120/acre has been used. Even if the land is owned this rental value builds something into the costs to represent what alternative uses there may be for the land if it were not used for cereal production. Growing Costs £/acre Seed
30
Sprays
36
Fertiliser
69
Rent
120
Rotavating/ Ploughing
26
Drilling
26
Rolling
9
Spraying x2
16
Fertiliser application x3
19
Combining
28
Baling
27
Carting Grain
14
Carting Bales
11
TOTAL
6
YIELD RESULTS
Kelim
Sanette
Waggon
Westminster
Grain yield t/ac
2.95
3.56
2.71
2.22
Straw yield t/ac
1.74
2.02
1.7
1.5
431
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CASE STUDY This proved to be a very interesting exercise. The choice of variety had a huge impact on the profit or loss of the crop. Sanette performed very well and remained profitable to grow even when barley can be purchased at £100/t delivered farm. When feed barley is costing £150/t or more Sanette and Kelim proved to be very profitable to grow. Kelim also remained profitable at all pricing levels whereas varieties such as Waggon and Westminster, which are a little outclassed, only offered significant returns at the high grain values. At the lower grain values, with the older varieties, it would have been more profitable not to rent the land, and simply buy in straw and grain.
CASE STUDY
Conclusion
feed spring barley?
‘However, if we are looking at whether to rent the ground or not we need to consider what else can be produced from the land and many of my clients get a crop of stubble turnips or forage rape in after their barley harvest. This is a cheap crop to grow and boosts the annual production considerably.’ Mr Bates comments.
‘Kelim and Sanette remained profitable at all pricing levels’ KELIM
KELIM - Grain
SANETTE
WAGGON
WESTMINSTER
Growing Cost
Feed Barley Price
Feed Barley Price
Feed Barley Price
Feed Barley Price
per acre
£100/t del'd
£120/t del'd
£150/t del'd
£180/t del'd
£431.00
2.95t x £100
2.95t x £120
2.95t x £150
2.95t x £180
Straw
1.74t x £80
1.74t x £80
1.74t x £80
1.74t x £80
Total
£434.20
£493.20
£581.70
£670.20
Profit / Loss per acre SANETTE - Grain Straw Total Profit / Loss per acre WAGGON - Grain Straw Total Profit / Loss per acre WESTMINSTER - Grain Straw Total Profit / Loss per acre
£431.00
£431.00
£431.00
£3.20
£62.20
£150.70
£239.20
3.56t x £100
3.56t x £120
3.56T x £150
3.56t x £180
2.02t x £80
2.02t x £80
2.02t x £80
2.02t x £80
£517.60
£588.80
£695.60
£802.40
£86.60
£157.80
£264.60
£371.40
2.71t x £100
2.71t x £120
2.71t x £150
2.71t x £180
1.7t x £80
1.7t x £80
1.7t x £80
1.7t x £80
£407.00
£461.20
£542.50
£623.80
-£24.00
£30.20
£111.50
£192.80
2.22t x £100
2.22t x £120
2.22t x £150
2.22t x £180
1.5t x £80
1.5t x £80
1.5t x £80
1.5t x £80
£342.00
£386.40
£453.00
£519.60
-£89.00
-£44.60
£22.00
£88.60
*These figures are based on a cost price for straw at £80/t delivered farm. *The cost price of feed barley delivered to the farm is shown at 4 different levels.
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
7
SPRING WHEAT
SPRING WHEAT BELEPI • • • • • •
Robigus x Samoa Blackman Agriculture An unusual variety generated from a cross between a winter wheat and a spring wheat Categorised as a spring wheat by DEFRA for ‘Greening’ purposes A soft feed wheat Wide sowing window from October to the beginning of April Excellent for suppressing blackgrass due to its prostrate growth habit in the spring Very good all round disease package and can be up to 4 days earlier to harvest than the earliest varieties on Recommended List
MULIKA
• • • •
Paragon (Tybalt x Robigus) A high yielding Group 1 bread making wheat High hagberg and protein content Excellent grain quality Relatively long but stiff straw
Senova
BELVOIR
• • • •
95-A3 x Ebony High yielding variety for feed or wholecrop No bread making qualities Good disease resistance Excellent standing ability
GRANARY
KWS
CPBT W62 x Wallace
KWS
• Group 2 quality wheat with high protein and specific weight • Short and stiff straw with good all round disease resistance • A very wide sowing window to spread work load
KWS WILLOW
• • • •
(00/703S x Tybalt) Belvoir KWS Group 2 with a very high specific weight Potentially very high yielding when grown in spring Excellent disease resistance and very good specific weight Drilling suitable from October to mid-April, data shows higher yield when drilled late autumn
MULIKA
GRANARY
KWS WILLOW
BELVOIR
NABIM GROUP
1
2
2
4
Treated Yield
99
104
101
101
Endosperm Texture Protein Content (%) Hagberg
Hard 14.0 306
Hard [14] 222
Hard 13.2 247
Hard 12.9 245
Specific Weight (kg/hl)
76.9
[77.6]
77.8
76.2
Straw Characteristics Straw height (cm)
82
82
83
77
[7] 7 5 5
[7] 6 5 7
[8] 7 8 6
[6] 7 9 5
Source HGCA
Grain Quality
Disease Resistance Mildew Yellow Rust Brown Rust Septoria Tritici
MILLING CONTRACTS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST FOR MULIKA, GRANARY AND KWS WILLOW.
8
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SPRING OATS
SPRING OATS
FIRTH
• • • • •
Firth is the most widely grown spring oat Reasonably high yields when untreated and treated with fungicide It has a good kernel content and specific weight Recognised as good quality and widely accepted by the main oat millers Mildew resistance is very good, moderate resistance to Crown Rust
CANYON • • • •
New HGCA variety and the highest yielding spring oat on the list A popular oat for feed and milling Whilst more yellow in colour than Firth, Canyon is slightly higher yielding so will attract attention Early maturity, long stiff straw and good lodging resistance
CONWAY
• A good quality white oat • Yields, quality and agronomics are very similar to Firth • Should suit most milling markets
SPRING OAT COMPARISON 2014 SOURCE HGCA
CANYON
FIRTH
CONWAY
Treated Yield Untreated Yield
101 93
100 87
101 88
Grain quality Kernel content (%) Specific weight (kg/hl) Screenings % through 2.0mm
76.2 55.1 1.2
78.7 54.2 2.3
77.9 54.6 [1.2]
Straw Characteristics Resistance to lodging Straw length (cm) Ripening
[7] 115 -2
7 106 0
[7] 108 0
Disease resistance Mildew Crown rust
8 [4]
7 [4]
7 [4]
SPRING TRITICALE
SPRING TRITICALE Triticale is a hybrid of wheat and rye. It is more drought tolerant than other cereals and as such does relatively well on lighter, marginal soil types. Until relatively recently triticale was considered to be a low input crop, often not requiring any fungicides at all. However, as breeding techniques have successfully improved yield and straw strength, this has been at the expense of disease resistance and many varieties are now rather susceptible to Yellow Rust in particular. With a suitable fungicide package spring triticale can produce high grain yields and exceptionally bulky wholecrops, often in marginal conditions where other cereals would suffer. Spring triticale is also the cereal of choice in many wildbird and game cover mixtures as it sheds its grains later in the season than other cereal alternatives. Where rabbits are a serious problem triticale has shown to be less attractive than other crops. DUBLET is suitable for use as feed, whole crop and as game cover. Yields of Dublet are high and it shows good resistance to Mildew, Septoria and Brown Rust. It has moderate length straw and shows good lodging resistance. Dublet has a very high specific weight.
Treated Yield (%)
Untreated Yield (%)
Specific Weight (Kg/Hl)
109 97
115 103
81.3 75.4
DUBLET LOGO Source: Senova trials 2013
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
9
These are the GREENING RULES under the BASIC PAYMENT SCHEME in England. In Wales the rules vary slightly so please consult your adviser.
GREENING OPTIONS
GREENING OPTIONS
Greening Timetable January'15
February
March
April
May
Cropping Period Fallow Land
June May 1st - June 30th
EFA January 1 - June 30 st
th
Catch Crop Cover Crop
Greening Facts and Figures - Options for EFAs All farms with more than 15 ha of Arable Land (any eligible land that is not in Permanent Grass or Permanent Crops) should have an area equivalent to 5% of the Arable Land area in EFA (Ecological Focus Area). Temporary grass (land that is in grass for 5 years or less) is included in the term Arable Land. There are 5 EFA options that have been chosen by DEFRA for 2015 which can be used to achieve the necessary EFA area. These are shown below:
1. Fallow Land No crop production or grazing is allowed on this land between 1st January to 30th June. Existing Temporary grass can be used for fallow as long as no production is taken from the land for the qualifying period.
1 ha of fallow is equal to 1 ha of EFA 2. Hedges All hedges must be at the edge of arable land to qualify. The hedge must be a minimum length of 20m but gaps are allowed of up to 20m. There must be less than 2m between the ground and the lowest leaves of the hedge.
1m of hedge is equal to 10m2 of EFA (i.e. 1,000m of hedge equals 1 ha of EFA) 3. Buffer Strips All buffer strips must be next to a watercourse or parallel with and on a slope to a watercourse. Existing strips for Cross Compliance can be used. Strips need to be a minimum of 1m wide.
1m of buffer strip is equal to 9m2 of EFA (1,111m of buffer strip equals 1ha of EFA) 4. Catch Crops and Green Cover Crops
Catch crops need to be in place from 31st August to 1st October. Cover crops need to be in place from 1st October to January 15th. Crops must be sown to a mixture of a minimum of 1 cereal and 1 non-cereal. The only species that can be used in these mixtures are as follows: Cereal: Rye, Barley, Oats Non-Cereal: Vetch, Phacelia, Mustard, Lucerne
1 ha of Catch or Cover crop is equal to 0.3 ha of EFA (3.34 ha of Catch/Cover crop equals 1 ha of EFA) 5. Nitrogen Fixing Crops
Nitrogen fixing crops can be grown as arable crops, or as pasture legumes, but must not be grown with other crops such as grass. (e.g. red clover and ryegrass would not be allowed) Arable options: – beans, chickpeas, green beans, lupins, peas and soyabeans Pasture legumes: – clover, lucerne, sanfoin, trefoil These crops must be in place 1st May to 30th June.
1 ha of Nitrogen Fixing Crop is equal to 0.7 ha of EFA (1.43 ha of crop equals 1 ha of EFA)
10
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GREENING OPTIONS
August
September
October
November
December
January'16
August 31st - October 1st
October 1st - January 15th
Example Farmer Jones has 40 ha of wheat, 20 ha of oilseed rape, 20 ha of potatoes and 20 ha of temporary grass. This totals 100 ha of arable land. An area equivalent to 5 ha of EFA has to be found. He has the following alternatives to achieve his EFA requirement. 5 ha of fallow land
GREENING OPTIONS
July
5,000m of Hedges 5,555m of Buffer strip 16.7 ha of catch crop or cover crop 7.15 ha of Nitrogen fixing crop If growers choose to ignore the EFA requirement they will lose 15% of their BPS payment on their Arable Land.
This brief summary is our interpretation of the current regulations from the common agricultural policy schemes for 2015. Whilst every effort is made to ensure that these details are correct, Wynnstay cannot be held responsible for any misleading or inaccurate information. We strongly advise that you get indepentent professional advice before changing anything about your business. For more information please go to www.gov.uk/cap-reform
Catch Crop/ Cover Crop Benefits Humus Accumulation Nutrient Conservation Nitrogen Fixing Soil Structure Soil Health Soil Water Retention Erosion Protection - Wind & Water Nematode Control Forage Production Enhanced Biodiversity Weed Suppression
We have a range of mixtures to suit all situations. Please call the seed office for details of the full range of Cover Crop seed mixtures.
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
11
PROSPECTS FOR PULSES
PROSPECTS FOR PULSES
12
The area of field beans, peas and other protein crops looks set to increase quite dramatically since DEFRA has chosen Nitrogen Fixing Crops as one of its options for growers to achieve their requirement for Ecological Focus Areas (EFA) under the latest CAP reform. Many growers will see this option as the most attractive as growing pulses fits in well with most rotations and importantly, allows for all areas of the farm to be kept in production. However, as no-one was given prior knowledge of this change in legislation, seed supplies of peas and spring beans are insufficient to cope with the increased demand in 2015. This is very unfortunate and will mean growers may have to fulfil their EFA requirements in other ways for 2015. Seed supplies will be better in future years and we are likely to see more pulses grown in the UK as a result. This increased supply will inevitably affect the value of peas and beans. However, we may well see an increased useage of pulses within the animal feeds sector as the improved continuity of supply will attract more end users.
SPRING BEANS When viewed purely on financial grounds beans can struggle to compete, but their value as an additional break crop in the rotation is undeniable and when looked at from a whole farm approach they have much to offer. •
Relatively cheap and straight forward to grow
•
Easy to harvest
•
Eases workload pressure at sowing and harvest
•
Excellent break crop contributing N to the following wheat crop
•
No nitrogen fertiliser required
•
Premiums widely available for human consumption
•
Suits medium to heavy soil types
HUSBANDRY TIPS FOR SPRING BEANS Rotation For husbandry reasons beans are rarely grown more often than one year in six in a crop rotation. This usually precedes winter wheat which responds favourably to the higher soil nitrogen status following the bean crop. Beans are also effective as a break crop by allowing the good control of problem weeds. Variety Choice Most modern varieties of winter and spring beans will suit the export market but growers should select varieties with a pale hilum, a characteristic preferred for human consumption. Vertigo offers a huge step forward in yield over the previous market leader Fuego. Fuego has been the market leading variety. It has very stiff straw and produces an excellent sample for the human consumption market. Fanfare is another very high yielding, new variety. It is a little weak on Downy Mildew but has good agronomics otherwise. Establishment Possibly the most critical husbandry requirement to get right. 1. Seed rate must be adjusted for Thousand Grain Weight (TGW)
Aim to sow spring beans at 45-50 viable seeds /m2 to establish 40-45 plants/m2
2.
Seed must be checked for germination, be free of Aschochyta and have a nil Stem Eelworm level. Certified seed has to reach these standards. Home saved seed can be used but must be of suitable quality.
3. Sow spring beans at 70 – 80mm deep.
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PROSPECTS FOR PULSES Bruchid Beetle: This has become the major pest of winter and spring beans, especially in the south, in recent years. It is the biggest single reason for lost premium potential. • Land in areas of intensive bean production is very prone to the pest • Headland areas are likely to be more badly affected (be prepared to segregate samples) • First insecticide timing is crucial to achieve control • Ensure insecticide penetration into lower part of crop canopy Harvest • Handle carefully at harvest to avoid cracking the seed coat if possible • Beans should be dried to below 15% mc immediately post harvest • Drying is especially important if admixture is present • Ensure beans are well ventilated, regardless of harvest moisture • Ensure stores are kept as dark as possible. Daylight reacts with the bean skin to increase tanning, and emphasising stains Export Potential
PROSPECTS FOR PULSES
HUSBANDRY TIPS FOR SPRING BEANS continued...
Remember they are a food crop! Field beans (Faba beans) are often consumed as Ful Medames or Falafel and are a staple food of many North African and Middle Eastern countries. The product is often canned or purchased by the end consumer dry and then pre-soaked before cooking.
PEAS Protein peas were in danger of disappearing altogether in some regions of the UK but the large acreage of spring cropping saw them reappear in 2013 when performance was generally good and harvest conditions were favourable. With the added incentive provided in the form of EFA requirements, we are likely to see more peas on farm in the near future. However, many of those in areas of higher rainfall may have had problems harvesting peas in the past and would view spring, or winter beans as a more attractive proposition. Our Advice: •
Grow a large blue variety to maximise the premium potential
•
Look for stiff straw with good ease of combining as the priority
•
Prophet would be our recommendation
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
13
OILSEED RAPE
OILSEED RAPE
Spring oilseed rape is often viewed as a crop that is only used to rescue a failed winter rape crop. However recently introduced varieties are performing at a level that could see a more consistent area in the UK. Since the withdrawal of the Neonicotinoid seed treatments, flea beetle control at establishment will be a particular concern in growing rape.
MAKRO – HYBRID
DSV
Medium flowering and later maturity gives this variety the potential to produce very high seed yields. At 45% it has one of the highest oil contents on the HGCA recommended list and since its introduction in 2011 it has proved to be a very consistent variety that is becoming widely accepted. Ideal for the East, West & North.
MIRAKEL – HYBRID
DSV
A new hybrid for 2015 which boasts an impressive gross output of 107%. Its key points are earliness of maturity, high oil content with high scores for resistance to lodging. A good variety to pair with Makro for farmers looking to spread the harvest work load.
TAMARIN – CONVENTIONAL
SENOVA
Still a popular choice on farm and has proved to be very consistent over the years. This variety is particularly early to mature which is an advantage with this potentially later harvested crop.
Source HGCA
MIRAKEL DODGER DOKTRIN BUILDER MAKRO SIMBA DYLAN DELIGHT AMULET SHELLEY TAMARIN CARNIVAL BELINDA
Variety type
RH
RH
RH
RH
RH
RH
RH
RH
Conv
Conv
Conv
Conv
RH
[107]
[106]
[106]
[105]
103
[102]
[101]
99
98
98
97
97
96
7
10
10
7
17
7
10
19
18
14
18
18
18
[106]
[105]
[106]
[104]
102
[102]
[103]
99
98
96
98
97
97
[44.6]
[45.1]
[44.4]
45.3
45.0
[44.1]
[43.0]
44.3
44.4
45.4
43.5
44.5
43.5
10.0
15.2
9.7
13.8
14.7
13.3
15.1
14.7
12.1
14.9
16.1
13.7
14.5
6 [7] [6]
[6] [7] [5]
7 7 [5]
6 [7] [6]
[8] 6 5 3
7 [5] [6]
6 6 [4]
[8] 7 8 6
[8] 6 6 6
[9] 7 5 3
[8] 7 7 7
[8] 7 6 5
[8] 7 8 7
Gross output (yield adjusted for oil content) as % control (2.7 t/ha) UK without fungicide Number of trials Seed yield as % control (2.6 t/ha) UK without fungicide
Seed quality (at 9% moisture) Oil content (%) Glucosinolate content (µmoles/g) Agronomic features Standing ability Shortness of stem Earliness of flowering Earliness of maturity Source HGCA Descriptive List 2014
*RH - Restored Hybrid, Conv - Conventional open pollinated variety
Campus
Available from:
The seed with speed! An Autumn OSR with: · Highest yielding conventional variety in the North ·
Excellent disease resistance
· Good lodging and stem stiffness
t: 01757 617000 www.woodheadsseeds.co.uk
14
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Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
15
FERMENTED WHOLECROP
WHOLECROP
Suits the majority of livestock farming systems
Undersowing opportunity Undersowing of spring sown wholecrop can increase the DM yield of the wholecrop whilst establishing a new ley at the same time. Maximising output as less fields are out of production at the critical times of year. Undersowing can have an impact on cereal yield.
Can be grown, harvested, stored and fed using existing equipment and facilities on grassland farms. Best when stored in a clamp or ag-bag but can be baled and wrapped also. Cost effective when compared to maize or grass silage costings
Supreme flexibility to compensate for other cropping
Many cost comparisons are made with a huge range of variables but consistently fermented wholecrop forages are shown to compare favourably against other conserved forages including maize and grass silage. Cost effective source of home grown starch For growers in favourable conditions maize may have the edge when looking for the cheapest source of starch, but current purchased grain values dictate that home grown sources are key. The higher yielding winter sown cereals in particular are an excellent cost effective alternative, but spring cereals are also widely used, as part of a mixture, or grown on their own. Early harvest allows for further use of land for catch cropping or successful establishment of a new ley A good crop of stubble turnips and/or rape can be one of the cheapest forages on the farm. Early sowing is essential for the best yield and when grown following fermented wholecrop, catch crops allow annual field production to be maximised. Flexible harvest date, not reliant on good weather Fermented Wholecrop can be harvested from 35% DM through to 55% DM giving a 3 week harvest window, (useful if relying on a contractor) but for best results higher dry matters should be targeted. Target DM for fermented wholecrop is 45%. Below this point starch yield dives away because starch is laid down fairly late in grain development. Above 60%DM fermentation is less reliable. At >70%DM the chopper MUST have a properly adjusted primary processor to process the grain otherwise it will not be broken down in the rumen.
The decision on when and how to harvest the cereal crop can be made after 1st cut and even 2nd cut grass silage is taken. Cutting height can be varied dependent on whether you are looking for maximum yield or a lower yielding energy dense forage. Combining as a moist or dry grain is always an option allowing the straw to be utilised separately. Suits a wide range of soil types and situations All cereals are suitable for fermented wholecrop allowing you to choose the right crop for each field’s situation, whether spring or autumn sown, light or heavy soil, including areas considered to be unsuitable or marginal for forage maize (for further advice please call your Wynnstay Representative or contact the Seed Office). Higher proteins levels can be achieved when mixed with legumes Spring sown wholecrop cereals can be grown as a mixture with a suitable legume (peas, lupins and vetches all have a place) offering a boost to the protein content of the forage. Including a legume can create problems with preservation/fermentation due to high buffering capacity and limits the options for weed control. Crops must be grown to full potential Whether growing for wholecrop or grain, maximum starch yield is the target and crops should be managed intensively. Crops should be fed to reach their potential, weeds and disease levels should be controlled. (“It’s only for wholecrop so doesn’t matter” is not the right approach.)
HARVEST GUIDELINES Crop Colour
Grain Texture
Forage % DM at Harvest
Green
Milky
35
Too early
40
Fermented Wholecrop
45
Fermented Wholecrop
50
Fermented Wholecrop
55
Fermented Wholecrop
60
Wholecrop Alkalage
65
Grain – Crimped
70 75 80 85
Grain – Caustic Treated Grain – Dry Rolled
Green Going Yellow
Soft Cheddar
Yellow Hint of Green Yellow, Hint Green on Stem
Yellow / Brown Stem Green at Nodes
Yellow Brown
16
Hard Cheddar
Very Hard
Grains Loose
Harvest Options
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WHOLECROP MIXTURES Suggested seed rate – 85 kg per acre (50-60kg if undersown)
This mixture is popular with those looking to improve the protein content but without the high reliance of peas in the Millennium Mix. The dry matter will also be higher allowing direct cutting to be an option if required. Please be aware that the mixtures are done by weight rather than seed number. Even in a 50:50 blend you should expect to have approximately 5 times as many barley plants as pea plants due to the difference in size of the grains.
50 % Protein Pea (Thiraflo treated)
50 % Kelim Spring Barley (Single purpose treated)
Suggested seed rate – 90 kg per acre (60kg if undersown)
THE OLYMPICO MIX
This new mixture offers a compromise between the Lansdowne and Millennium mixes. It should give a significant boost to the protein content of the forage whilst still achieving a satisfactory dry matter.
65 % Protein Pea (Thiraflo treated)
35 % Kelim Spring Barley (Single purpose treated)
WHOLECROP
THE LANSDOWNE MIX
Suggested seed rate – 95 kg per acre (60kg if undersown)
THE MILLENNIUM MIX
This mixture is ideal for those who are looking to maximise the protein content of the forage. With a high pea content the crop is likely to need a 24 hour wilt to achieve a reasonable dry matter. This blend will give approximately equal quantities of peas and barley in the field.
80 % Protein Pea (Thiraflo treated)
20 % Kelim Spring Barley (Single purpose treated)
Suggested seed rate – 75 kg per acre (50 kg if undersown)
THE TWICKENHAM MIX
This mixture produces huge yields with minimal growing costs. Dieta White Lupin is a tall and bulky plant unlike the Blue and Yellow Lupins which would not compete so well with the tall triticale. The Dieta is however later to mature than other lupins. The crop should be harvested when the triticale grain is firm and the lupins seeds are well formed to ensure a satisfactory dry matter is achieved. The lupin seed is pre-inoculated. An alternative is available using Yellow Lupins which makes the mixture earlier but lower yielding.
49 % Spring Triticale
51 % White Lupin
THE MURRAYFIELD MIX (Mega Crop Mix)
Suggested seed rate – 75 kg per acre (50 kg if undersown)
This type of mixture has been used for many years within Wynnstay. It is popular with those looking for a traditional “wholecrop”.
20 % Protein Pea (Thiraflo treated)
10 % English Vetch
35 % Sp. Barley (Single purpose treated)
35 % Oat seed (Single purpose treated)
Sp. Barley Sp Wheat Sp. Triticale Peas Beans Lupins Lansdowne Mix Olympico Mix Millenium Mix Twickenham Mix Murrayfield Mix
Fresh Yield
DM Yield
Dry Matter
Cr. Protein
t/acre 10 10 10 12 13 15 11 11.5 12 15 12
Starch
t/acre
%
%
%
4 4
39 41
9 10
19 21
4 3 3 3.2 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.6
40 25 21 17 32 30 28 23 30
9 16 18 21 13 14 14-15 17 12
20 7 6 4 12 11 10 12 13
This table is a guide as to what yield and quality can be expected from the different spring wholecrop options. Soil type and time of sowing will affect the potential yield. Harvest stage will have a major impact on the quality achieved.
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
17
LUPINS
LUPINS Wynnstay are involved in the LUKAA project ‘An integrated program for the development of Lupins as a sustainable Protein Source for UK Agriculture and Aquaculture’. This project aims to improve the agronomy of lupins in the UK and provide a high quality component for livestock feed to reduce the dependence on imported ingredients such as soya. Currently the UK area of lupins is below 10,000 acres, with much of this area being grown for wholecrop, or fed on the farms that it is grown on. However, the potential market for this protein rich crop is huge. The recent changes to the Common Agricultural Policy may see some growers turn to lupins to qualify for their EFA points as a Nitrogen fixing crop under Greening requirements. Also as non GM Soya proves more and more difficult, and expensive, to source we may also see lupins develop as an alternative source of high quality protein for those requiring non GM feeds. If you are interested in growing lupins in 2015 there are many varieties to choose from and it is essential to select the correct type. We would be very happy to discuss lupins in more detail as we are keen to evaluate the crop locally. Please call the office and speak to Richard Torr for more information.
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GRASS SEEDS
You can visit us online at www.grasslandseeds.co.uk Wynnstay supplies a range of Short, Medium and Long Term Grass leys as well as a full range of root seeds.
SHORT TERM LEYS: 1 - 2 YEARS Fast Grass One year quick growing grass mixture. If you want a silaging grass seed mixture with very fast establishment and even quicker growth, Fast Grass is the mix for you - the Westerwolds content makes it grow tall and fast for high productivity giving exceptional yielding and quality cut. Tower 1-2 year bulky silage grass mixture. If you want up to four cuts of high quality grass silage, Tower will not disappoint. Tower grass seed mix is made up of 100% Italian ryegrasses, which grow at the lowest temperatures of all agricultural grasses therefore growing earliest in the spring and latest in the autumn.
Grass & Root Seed
OUT NOW!
s Booklet 2015
GRASS SEEDS
The Wynnstay range of grass seed has grown to become one of the most popular ranges of mixtures in the UK. As well as attracting new customers this growth has been driven by an increased trend towards repeat ordering, one of the most positive indicators that our customers are pleased with the product, performance and value of the mixture range.
MEDIUM TERM LEYS: 3 - 6 YEARS Squire 3 year grass mix with red clover for high energy silage and aftermath grazing. If you want to finish lambs faster or cut a high protein silage, Squire will suit your needs. Hybrid ryegrasses are included in this mix, these are quick to establish, have high yields, high water soluble carbohydrate (sugar) contents and can last up to four years. Fortress 3-4 year heavy grass production with early grass growth. Fortress is a grass seed mixture with good early spring growth suitable for an early cut or graze. This is a very quick growing grass ley ideally suited to cutting with some light grazing, so if grazing is your priority have a look at the grass mixture Shield. Shield 4 year quality grazer with silage potential. Shield grass seed mix is ideal for short/medium term grazing; it has good ground cover and very quick regrowth from the hybrid ryegrass. Shield grass seed mix will produce a high quality first silage cut around the third week of May in a normal year. Sovereign 4-6 year intensive dual purpose grass mix. Sovereign is our best selling grass seed mixture simply because it is specifically designed for intensive management of both cutting and grazing so suits most livestock farming systems as it’s so versatile.
LONG TERM LEYS: 6 YEARS + Imperial Long term cutting and grazing grass mix. Imperial grass seed mixture is made up of all late perennial ryegrasses to give excellent first cut silage. Late perennials also make the grass mix less likely to produce stemmy seed heads in the summer so Imperial maintains a lush leafy sward throughout the grass growing season Crusader High sugar grazing with early bite. A long-term grass mixture with good early spring growth making it ideal for turning ewes and lambs out onto. The high diploid content in the Crusader grass mix aids to creates a very dense base to the sward. Herald Long term dual purpose grass seed mix. Herald is a versatile grass seed mix for cutting and grazing, it produces a very dense sward so is ideal for turning ewes and lambs out onto in early spring Kingdom Long term cutting and grazing grass mix. The blend of intermediate and late perennials gives great flexibility for both cutting and grazing for potentially over 6 years Majestic Long term dairy pasture for rotational grazing. Majestic grass seed mixture has a high proportion of Tetraploid ryegrass to give maximum grazing potential for your dairy enterprise. Royal Proven long term cutting grass mixture. Royal gives good aftermath grazing from the Tetraploid content.
HORSE AND PONY MIXES Long term Horse and Pony Mix Our horse and pony mix has be designed specifically to handle horse and pony grazing and can also be shut up to make sweet smelling quality hay. (We can also add herbs to the mix to add minerals and trace elements to your long term horse pasture.) Short Term Hay Mix This short term hay/haylage mix will provide excellent quality high yielding crops for up to two years. Long Term Hay Mix This 5 – 6 year hay/haylage mix is a well-balanced mixture that only contains Diploids which will ensure an even conditioning of the hay sward.
We also supply seeds for: l Organic Leys
l Over Seeding Mixtures
l Root Seeds
l Amenity Seed
l Environmental Schemes
For advice on grass mixtures and grassland management please phone the seed office on 01939 210777 and speak to one of our seed specialists. Grass and Root seed can also be ordered at any of our Wynnstay stores or online at www.grasslandseeds.co.uk
Wynnstay Group Plc
SPRING CEREAL SEEDS 2015
19
SEEDS
WYNNSTAY ARABLE Astley Park, Astley, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, SY4 4RT
t: 01939 210777
SPRING 2015
www.wynnstay.co.uk www.grasslandseeds.co.uk Whilst every effort is made to ensure that the details supplied in this booklet are correct, Wynnstay cannot be held responsible for any misleading or inaccurate information. E & OE. Wynnstay (Agricultural Supplies) Ltd • Eagle House • Llansantffraid • Powys SY22 6AQ Part of Wynnstay Group Plc, Eagle House, Llansantffraid, Powys, SY22 6AQ Telephone: 01691 828512 • Fax: 01691 828690 • Email: info@wynnstay.co.uk • www.wynnstay.co.uk
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