RMIT MAJOR PROJECT EXPERIMENTAL CITIES TONGYANG XU
CITY X C HINA VENICE VIRTUAL PAVILION2021 BIENNALE ARCHITETTURA BIENNALE SESSIONS CITY VENICE 22/05VIRTUAL 21/11 X C HINA PAVILION 2021 BIENNALE SESSIONS
[ Energy Consumption ]
[ Solid Carbon Waste ]
[ Greenhouse Gas Emission ]
[ Hong Kong Major Energy Imported ] Electricity Coal Products Oil Products
3.4
/100
20.2
/100
76.4
/100
[ Hong Kong Major Energy Requirements ] Electricity Gas Oil Products
47.6
/100
43.9
/100
8.5
/100
[ Energy Supplies for Electricity ] Coal Oil and Renewables Natural Gas Nuclear Energy Pumped Storage
50 /100 7 /100 27 /100 11 /100 5 /100
[ Shen Zhen ]
20 KM
15 KM
10 KM
5 KM Ma Wan
[ Hong Kong CBD ]
[ Tuen Mun ]
[ Tsing Yi ]
[ Kwar Chung ]
Ma Wan 15 KM
10 KM
5 KM
[ Tuen Mun River Trade Terminal ] [ Hong Kong International Airport ]
[ Kwai Tsing Container Terminals ]
[ Hong Kong Disneyland Resort ]
[ Discovery Bay ]
[ Tuen Mun ]
[ Tsing Yi ]
[ Kwar Chung ]
Ma Wan [ Tuen Mun River Trade Terminal ] [ Hong Kong International Airport ]
[ Kwai Tsing Container Terminals ]
[ Hong Kong Disneyland Resort ]
[ Discovery Bay ]
Hong Kong as one of the density city in the world, The energy consuming is higher than other similar scale cities. Large scale city will produce more pollution has produced and more noise and waste. Ma Wan is the island which site between nature zone and dwelling zone. There was a small fishing village. With some infrastructure system such as schools, clear public beach and vivifying shrubbery. However, that was changed when Tsing Ma Bridge built. Old Village people have to move out cause the pollution and noise which bridge produced More vessel pass though Ma Wan island And produce pollution into air and sea. Also vessel noise effect sea live around Ma Wan island. Population going to be another issue for Ma Wan island. More people commuting from Hong Kong central to home in Ma Wan. That effect population growing up. According to this effective, High-rise apartment , daily waste, water supporting, traffic issue are going to increase.
[ Sewage Treatment Plant ]
[ Passenger Pier ] [ Modern Commercial Area ] [ Modern Residential Living Area ]
[ Traditional Residential Living Area ]
[ High-density Apartment Living Area ]
[ Noah’s Ark Theme Park ] [ Theme Hotel ]
[ Ma Wan Fire Station ]
COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT AREA VILLAGE TYPE DEVELOPMENT OPTEN SPACE GREEN BELT OTHRE SPECIFIED USED
Autumn rainfall isohyets in Ma Wan
500 mm
Spring rainfall isohyets in Ma Wan
80 mm
70 mm
60 mm
Summer rainfall isohyets in Ma Wan
200 mm
450 mm Winter rainfall isohyets in Ma Wan
250 mm
300 mm
35 mm
30 mm
Total rainfall in different seasons. 80% rain falling between summer and autumn have. Annual rainfall ranges from about 1400 millimetres to more than 3000 millimetres
25 mm
EXISTING MA WAN ISLAND
ZERO CARBON CITY
Sensors Recording Recycle System System Output DATA Base ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Transportation
Ma Wan Island
Bus Transport Boat Transport Private Car Transport
Resdencial Area
Low-rise Townhouse High-rise Apartment
Heritage Area
Heritage Townhouse Temple
Greenhouse Gas Emission
Solid Carbon Waste
Beach Public Space
Theme Park Nature Park
Agriculture
Marine Fishing
Nature
Thicket Coast Line Area
Improve Air Quality
Carbon Collection from Air
Carbon Collection from Land
Carbon Collection from Ocean
Carbon Natural Degradation
Carbon Recycle
Renewable Power
C Recycle in the City
EXISTING MA WAN ISLAND
ZERO CARBON CITY
Sensors Recording Recycle System System Output DATA Base ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Transportation
Ma Wan Island
Bus Transport Boat Transport Private Car Transport
Resdencial Area
Low-rise Townhouse High-rise Apartment
Heritage Area
Heritage Townhouse Temple
Greenhouse Gas Emission
Solid Carbon Waste
Beach Public Space
Theme Park Nature Park
Agriculture
Offshore Aquafarming
Nature
Thicket Coast Line Area
Improve Air Quality
Carbon Collection from Air
Carbon Collection from Land
Carbon Collection from Ocean
Carbon Natural Degradation
Carbon Recycle
Renewable Power
C Recycle in the City
Carbon Data Collection system analysis Greenhouse Gas Emission Solid Carbon Waste
Air borne sensor
Food Carbon Emession
Soil sensor
Farming Industry Citizen
Carbon Natural Degradation
Soil sensor
Data Collection
Power Smart Kits Database
Wind Data Temparture Data Sunlight Data Rainfall Data
Organic Fertilizer
Wind sensor
Power Industry Labtop
Desktop Daily Weather
Temparture sensor
Artifical Intelligence
Smart Phone
Sunlight sensor
Data Collection Rainfall sensor
Smart Car
EXISTING MA WAN ISLAND
ZERO CARBON CITY
Sensors Recording Recycle System System Output DATA Base ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Transportation
Ma Wan Island
Bus Transport Boat Transport Private Car Transport
Resdencial Area
Low-rise Townhouse High-rise Apartment
Heritage Area
Heritage Townhouse Temple
Greenhouse Gas Emission
Solid Carbon Waste
Beach Public Space
Theme Park Nature Park
Agriculture
Marine Fishing
Nature
Thicket Coast Line Area
Improve Air Quality
Carbon Collection from Air
Carbon Collection from Land
Carbon Collection from Ocean
Carbon Natural Degradation
Carbon Recycle
Renewable Power
C Recycle in the City
Carbon recycle system analysis
Blue Algae
Carbon Collection from Air Transportation
O2
Carbon Emission Greenhouse Farming
Food Power plant
Carbon Collection from Land Waste fermentation
Fish
CH4 Organic Fertilizer Zooplankton
Marine Fish
Organic Waste
Carbon Collection from Ocean Benthos
Phytoplankton
SOLID CARBON WASTE
[ High-density Apartment Living Area ]
[ Population in Ma Wan Island ]
Total : 13,237
High rise residential building integrate Education and commercial function on the site
[ Sewage Treatment Plant ]
Age Range
[ Passenger Pier ]
[ Modern Commercial Area ] [ Modern Residential Living Area ]
0 - 15
15.4%
16 - 39
31.8%
[ Modern Residential Living Area ]
[ High-density Apartment Living Area ]
Low density residential building Mixed with Commercial building planning on the site
[ Noah’s Ark Theme Park ]
[ Traditional Residential Living Area ]
40 - 64
41.6%
65 +
11.3%
[ Theme Hotel ]
Wan Fire Station ] [ Traditional[ Ma Residential Living Area ] Low density residential building planning on the site. And there are few historical buildings which are showing the local culture
[ 9:00 Population in Ma Wan Island ] HIGH-DENSITY LIVING AREA LOW-DENSITY LIVING AREA OPEN / PUBLIC SPACE GREEN BELT COMMERCIAL [ LOW --------------- HIGH ]
[ 12:00 Population in Ma Wan Island ] HIGH-DENSITY LIVING AREA LOW-DENSITY LIVING AREA OPEN / PUBLIC SPACE GREEN BELT COMMERCIAL [ LOW --------------- HIGH ]
[ 18:00 Population in Ma Wan Island ] HIGH-DENSITY LIVING AREA LOW-DENSITY LIVING AREA OPEN / PUBLIC SPACE GREEN BELT COMMERCIAL [ LOW --------------- HIGH ]
[ 24:00 Population in Ma Wan Island ] HIGH-DENSITY LIVING AREA LOW-DENSITY LIVING AREA OPEN / PUBLIC SPACE GREEN BELT COMMERCIAL [ LOW --------------- HIGH ]
[ Solid Carbon Waste in Ma Wan Island ] HIGH-DENSITY LIVING ZONE LOW-DENSITY LIVING ZONE OPEN / PUBLIC SPACE GREEN BELT COMMERCIAL [ LOW --------------- HIGH ]
To ral en t [ C
B ] un wy M H i u Sh n tau p a La [ K [ N
]
]
e
dge
ne ] g Li n u h ng C [ Tu ] idge a Br M ing [ Ts
g rid
[ Sunny Bay Station ]
Bri
38.6%
u
Private car
y ]
13.5%
Ka
Bus
To [
Hw
46.4%
a Sh
Rail-line/ Ship
ing [ T
1.6 %
ing
Foot
s [ T
TRANSPORTATION USING ON THE MA WAN ISLAND
ier ] Ferry P n a W Tsuen
o r N
Pie 2 ]
[ Sewage Treatment Plant ]
SITE TRANSPORTATION CARBON GAS EMISSION
[ Passenger Pier ]
[ Modern Commercial Area ]
Road Transport
[ Modern Residential Living Area ]
Navigation
28,300
Tonnes/ unit
15,640
Tonnes/ unit
[ High-density Apartment Living Area ]
[ Noah’s Ark Theme Park ]
[ Traditional Residential Living Area ]
Civil Aviation
4,280
[ Theme Hotel ]
Tonnes/ unit
[ Ma Wan Fire Station ]
G
P KA
A [ H
[
UN I M
U SH
AY
IRW FA
Y ] WA FAIR AN A W [ M
W IR FA N PA
] AY
]
[ Shipyard ]
160
CO2 Emission by Navigation Cargo Vessel number
140 120 100
G
80 60
[ P KA
A [ H
N PA
IR FA
]
UN I M
2001
2005
IRW FA
[ Shipyard ]
U SH
40
2009
2014
AY
Y ] WA FAIR AN A W [ M
W
AY
2018
]
[ Oil Depot ]
ing [ T Ka u
ing
s [ T
To [
Bri
a Sh To
[ Sunny Bay Station ]
ral en t [ C
B ] un wy M H i u Sh n tau p a La [ K [ N
]
]
y ]
e
g rid
dge
Hw ne ] g Li n u h ng C [ Tu ] idge a Br M ing [ Ts
ier ] Ferry P n a W Tsuen
o r N
Pie 2 ]
Car transport pass through TsingMa Bridge 25,110,392/year 68,737/day
00.05%
CO2 sum : 16,258,978 tons / year | 44,507 tons / day
99.38% ne ] g Li n u h ng C [ Tu ] idge a Br M ing [ Ts
e
g rid
To
[ Sunny Bay Station ]
ral en t [ C
B ] un wy M H i u Sh n tau p a La [ K [ N
]
]
24 tons / day
dge
8789 tons / year |
Bri
HC sum :
u
00.04%
y ]
19 tons / day
Ka
7031 tons / year |
To [
Hw
NOX sum :
a Sh
00.53%
ing [ T
241 tons / day
ing
87,886 tons / year |
s [ T
CO sum :
ier ] Ferry P n a W Tsuen
o r N
Pie 2 ]
TRANSPORTATION CARBON COLLECTION SYSTEM
Existing Roads in Ma Wan Trsing Ma Bridge Existing Freeway Entre Ma Wan Island Street
Human Area in Ma Wan City Centre High Density Living Zone Low Density Living Zone Education Commercial Transportation Ship Port Public Zone Heritage Zone Marine Fishing Zone
Non- Human Area in Ma Wan Ma Wan Park Green Belt Beach
Public Transportation Main Transportation Connection Residential Zone with Public Space Algiculture Space
Sea Levels changed in Extreme high situation
2020
2040
2060
2080
2100
2120
Isla
Isla Oce
an
Sea Level in normal
Isla
nd
nd Oce
an
Sea Level in raising up
nd
Oce
an
Elevated City infrastructure over the sea level
Giant grouper
Mangrove snapper
Russell’s snapper
Brown-spotted grouper Black Kite
Common Tailorbird
Black-collared Starling
Crested Honey Buzzard
Chinese Bulbul
Crested Myna
Cinereous Tit
Dusky Warbler
Eurasian Tree Sparrow
Pallas’s Leaf Warbler
Green grouper
Goldlined seabream
Star snapper
Octopus
Dendrodoris fumata
Little Egret
Red-whiskered Bulbul
Perna viridis
Hypselodoris festiva
Oriental Magpie
Spotted Dove
Mimachlamys sp
Chromodoris dianae
Oriental Magpie Robin
Swinhoe’s White-eye
Ragged sea hare
Ovulidae
Microalgae
+
+
CO2
+
Wastewater with Microalgae
O2 + Clean Water Lipids Biomass
Microalgae
Wastewater with Microalgae
Lipids
Biomass
Clean Water
The microalgae are submitted to photosynthesis and uses organic and inorganic (CO2) compounds as a source of carbon for growth.
This is the Place for Microalgae to photosynthesis with organic and wastewater
The Place to store Lipids which after Micoalgae’s photosynthesis whith CO2 and wastewater
The Place to store Biomass which is Great green energy resource to support daily energy consumption in the Ma Wan city
The clean Water is will provide daily consumption of clean water, Also , it support agriculture water
Microalgae require light when they use organic compounds as a source of carbon
Clean Water Transport system
Pipeline system
Architectural Structure
[ Tuen Mun ]
[ Tsing Yi ]
[ Kwar Chung ]
Ma Wan [ Tuen Mun River Trade Terminal ] [ Hong Kong International Airport ]
[ Kwai Tsing Container Terminals ]
[ Hong Kong Disneyland Resort ]
[ Discovery Bay ]
CO2
CO2 CO2
CO2
Solar panal facede system support the Solar energy for city and public transportation
Algae Photoynthesiser farming system are purify the air, sequester carbon in the city, gain a sustainable food source.
Island agriculture combine with city garden function which are reduce the impact by sea level increasing
Floor Structure
Microalgae Photosynthetic System
Translucent facade
Solar panel facade system
The city base platform for human actives in the city,
The microalgae are photosynthesis to source of carbon internal of the city
The facade allowed the microalgae system gain the sunlight to source the carbon gas in the city,
Solar panel facade system support energy to the city life. Also it provide the power for Microalgae system to solve the carbon emission
1 2
3
4
1
Public transportation link between City public space
2
Muti-living public space with rainwater collection system
3
Muti-living zones with cell form and carbon exchange system
4
Ground level city agriculture gardens and public space
4
1
3
2
1
Public transportation hub with City public space
2
Island agriculture space supporting the food the city
3
Solar panel facade system support the Solar energy for city and public transportation
4
Existing freeway bridge tunnel reduced the noise and carbon collection
CITY GROWTH PROCESS
ELEVATION 01
ELEVATION 02
SECTION 01
SECTION 02
RMIT MAJOR PROJECT EXPERIMENTAL CITIES TONGYANG XU
CITY X C HINA VENICE VIRTUAL PAVILION2021 BIENNALE ARCHITETTURA BIENNALE SESSIONS CITY VENICE 22/05VIRTUAL 21/11 X C HINA PAVILION 2021 BIENNALE SESSIONS