Portfolio 2019 by Yang Lv

YANG LV Master of Architecture in Urban Design Harvard Graduate School of Design

Yang Lv 06 | 29 | 1994

Master of Architecture in Urban Design, Harvard Graduate School of Design Email: ylv@gsd.harvard.edu Cell: 617-901-0319 Address: 2 Peabody Terrace Apt 804, Cambridge, MA, 02138

Civic Building

Science Center

Layered City

Urban Resilliance

LAYERED Chicago Site: Chicago, IL Collaboration with Bomin Park, Andrew Tsai, Vita Wang, Winter 2019

This project aims to continue the river front experience that has been featured through out the history of Chicago. The site is located along the Chicago River across to the Rail Yard on the other side. Introducing the new canal into the site not only creates a big opening gesture to the gated neighborhood on the east, but also provides a new water feature to the entire city. This created the â&#x20AC;&#x153;triple layeredâ&#x20AC;? water feature at the ground level, which includes the Chicago river, Proposed new river, and Michigan Lake as a backdrop. Vertically, the project introduces a 3D city that encourages people to move on different levels. On the one hand, elevated platform that connects to Roosevelt Street on the north at +8 meters level drives the elements of public podium level at +8 meters, which regulates every building that allows people to enjoy the social activity above the ground. On the other hand, the building typology in this project are carefully developed with a hybrid form of retail, parking, amenity, office, and residential programs.

20 40

100

Ground Floor Plan

Design Iteration The canal, elevated platform, and central park has become the main design elements that structured the entire plan. It is essential to find a way to interact these public realms socially, physically, and grammatically. The design has been though several iterations of methods, which includes creating featured nodes at intersections and suggesting rhythm of urban grid that helps to emphasize the public realms.

20 40

100

Podium Level Floor Plan

5m 14m 5m >6m

64m

48m

>4m

Design Guidelines Design guidelines are made for future architects who will design the buildings, and this aims to regulate each buildings to follow certain requirements and thus to create the features in common and building a more cohesive community. This project particularly cares about the experience along the river at both ground level and podium level. The guideline is structured primarily of consistent podium level at 8m, office datum at 48m, and residential datum at 64m.

35m

8m >6m

>4m

18m 4m

64m

48m

8m ROOSEVELT ST

<22m

>4m

72m

>6m >4m 8m

64m

48m

Canal

Tower Da

Chicago R

l View

atum View

River View

SHARED economy Site: Portland, OR Individual work, fall 2017

The project is designed to accommodate Airbnb and Wework. These two firms both advocate the idea of “belonging anywhere”. On one hand, it provides a wider range of living choices and let people have feelings of being at home everywhere all over the world. On the other hand, it shows the improvement of people’s thought of being open and welcome. Then it raises up a new type of thinking, which is the shared economy. The idea of a shared economy reflects a phenomenon that people could share anything for profit as long as it’s idle. Related to this project, particularly for an office design, the shared public space has become the plot line, based on the considerations both from the big scale in an urban context, and to the smaller scale of human behaviors.

Land Use Commercial Residential General Employment/ Commercial office Neighborhood Commercial

Downtown

General Industrial

Proposed Green Loop and Nodes

View

Existing Green Space Trees

W S Site

N Walkability

Vision Plan Diagrams The site is located at an industrial area of Portland that is across the river from downtown that has been regarded as an important place in the next 50 years in the city plan. In the city master plan, the feature of industry will hopefully be kept in 50 years, and more commercial and residential will be developed. Main street, which is MLK street, will be populated and become a downtown potentially. On the other side, most highways will be removed and developed as a waterfront park that has a fantastic view of the

Vegetated Paved sidewalk Ruled street parking Street curb Accessibility ramp

Vegetated Shaded by trees Paved sidewalk Wide sidewalk Street curb Accessibility ramp Street lamp

Not walkable

Unpaved sidewalk Ruled street parking No accessibility ramp By storage ground

Typical city block

Sidewalk Design The site is in a complex acoustic condition, and the analysis of sound helps with determining the consideration of sidewalk organization based on the way of interaction between pedestrian and the environment.

Purposed city block

Developed city block

Sound Analysis Average 85+ db 70-85 db 70- db

Peak phenomenal 85+ db

Average 85+ db 70-85 db 70- db

Peak phenomenal 85+ db

1. lobby 2. climbing wall 3. ping pong table 4. egress 5. kitchen 6. individual office room 7. share office room 8. phone booth 9. locker 10. share communal hub 11. conference room 12. dinning 13. private communal hub 14. lecture hall 15. restroom

1. lobby 2. climbing wall 3. ping pong table FLOOR 4 4. egress 5. kitchen 6. individual office room 7. share office room 8. phone booth 9. locker 10. share communal hub 11. conference room 12. dinning 13. breakout space 14. lecture hall 15. restroom 16. library

Fourth Floor Plan

Sixth Floor Plan

1. lobby 2. roof terrace 3. ping pong table FLOOR 6 4. egress 5. kitchen 6. individual office room 7. share office room 8. phone booth 9. locker 10. share communal hub 11. conference room 12. dinning 13. breakout space 14. lecture hall 15. restroom 16. library

Ninth Floor Plan

FLOOR 6

1. lobby 2. climbing wall 3. ping pang table 4. egress 5. kitchen

6. individual office room 7. share office room 8. phone booth 9. locker 10. share communal hub

FLOOR 9

11, conference room 12. dinning 13. private communal hub 14. lecture hall 15. restroom

Communal hub shared with Wework and Airbnb

Gathering Space Distribution Both Airbnb and Wework advocate the idea of a shared economy. This project proposes social communal hubs and is applied majorly on the south facade of the building. The idea is to connect people not only horizontally, but also vertically. Various sizes and locations happen to sever different programs. The biggest atrium is occupied from people from Wework company, and it is also accessible for Airbnb. Visually that helps to build connections between two programs; small ones in different scales are designed to create connections from different floors.

Atrium for Airbnb

Breakout space

Artium for Wework

Terrace for the public

Outdoor Terrace Airbnb Office Space

Communal Atrium Shared with Airbnb and Wework Company

Facade Study The images on the left side show the series of studies of south facade. The design involved not only the consideration of summer shading, but it also responds to the communal hubs hang on the facade. The idea is to create a flexible facade pattern for different seasons based on the interaction between human behaviors and natural environment.

Metal flashing Mullion Roof membrane Water barrier 3” Rigid insulation

1/2” Plywood 3” Composite metal deck with 5” concrete slab Electronic night vent

20” Deep castellated beam Operable exterior shading device Welded steel plate 6” Steel column (backup structure) Terra fixed shading

North Facade Single glazing with decorative shading

West Facade Double glazing with operable shading device

COOLING TOWER

VAV SYSTEM

CHIMNEY

CENTRAL ALL-AIR SYSTEMS: SINGLE DUCT,VARIABLE AIR VOLUME

Fresh air

Exaust air

SUPPLY DUCKWORK

Maximize flexibility of rental space Minimize system maintenance

RETURN DUCKWORK

Frequently operating used in office space Minimize cost Sometimes installed systems Maximize control as of packaged air velocity and air quality Maximize individual control over temperature Minimize system cost noise Minimize operating Minimize visualofobtrusiveness Maximize control air velocity and air quality Maximize individual control over temperature Maximize flexibility of rental space Minimize system nois e Minimize system maintenance Minimize visual obtrusiveness

Exaust air

Fan Room Humidifier

4 UP

Fresh air

Chilled Water Plants

Boilers

WATERFRONT Habitat Site: Boston, MA Collaboration with Yao Gu, fall 2015.

The projects investigated waterfront experience as an interstitial space that becomes a transition of urban and nature. Based on the convenient accessibility and rich water body, the southern edge of East Boston is the site of intensive waterfront developments.

DIAGRAM Waterfront - Soft Edge SITE POTENTIAL Recreation Loop &

Spots

SITE POTENTIAL Recreation Loop &

Spots

SITE POTENTIAL Recreation Loop &

Spots

SITE POTENTIAL Recreation Loop &

Spots

Waterfront - Hard Edge

DIAGRAM DIAGRAMWaterfront - Soft Edge Waterfront - Soft Edge

Waterfront - Hard Edge

Site Potential

Waterfront - Soft Edge

WATERFRONT STUDY

Normal Season

WATERFRONT STUDY WATERFRONT STUDY

Flooding Season

WATERFRONT STUDY

DIAGRAM Waterfront - Soft Edge RESPONSE

Waterfront - Hard Edge

From the City of BOSTON

Normal Season

Waterfront - Hard Edge

Waterfront Study

RESPONSE

From the City of BOSTON

RESPONSE

From the City of BOSTON

RESPONSE

From the City of BOSTON

Normal Season

Flooding Season

HISTORICAL RIVER optimal water routes

TOPOGRAPHY

optimal water routes

HISTORICAL RIVER optimal water routes

TOPOGRAPHY

optimal water routes

Normal Season

TOPOGRAPHY City Response to Climate

HISTORICAL RIVER optimal water routes

TOPOGRAPHY

optimal water routes

Flooding Season Normal Season

optimal water routes

Inspiration source from： TacticalArchipelago / LCLAOFFICE https://www.luiscallejas.com/filter/selected?utm_medium=website&utm_source=archdaily.com

Historical River & Topography Inspiration source from： TacticalArchipelago / LCLAOFFICE https://www.luiscallejas.com/filter/selected?utm_medium=website&utm_source=archdaily.com

Flooding Season

1.void in between As studied the surrounding conditions, the project discovered a number of potential spaces that support civic activities, which includes beaches, wetlands, playgrounds, and golf club. Our site, situated in this environment, however, uses as an industrial land that isolated from surroundings that have shown as super void block in this highly dense residential neighborhood. Compared with other part of Boston, this area remain an absence of cohesive vision and innovation. 2. Lack of waterfront experience in the urban scale Zoom out to the Boston Metropolitan area, we realized that this kind of condition is actually all over the city along the water edge, which shows an inefficiency of supporting outdoor activities close to the water. 3. Sea-level Rise The siteâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s proximity to the water also brings a set of issues, especially with climate change and sea-level rise. The city of Boston has pushed the actions encountering to this topic. There are three sites proposed, and we think our site can potentially be one of them support the East Boston to fill in the blank. AXONOMETRIC

IF ALL SKY WERE PAPER | war letter museum Site: Portland, OR Individual work, spring 2015.

The War Letter Museum brings us to a whole new arrival of a war memorial. In this project, the war letter is particularly delivered for public people to understand the war by reading war letters, and many touching stories were found from those letters. In this case, the War Letter Museum takes a role of delivering those brave and impressive stories. People always fight for freedom and a better life, which means most wars start with hopes. However, during the long period of fighting, so many people get injured, and even die, and losing their dearest one broke many families. The process is ruthless. In this project, particularly, the War Letter Museum mainly focuses on the purity of expressing these changes of emotions. It aims to give people hope and courage.

Site Plan The project is located on NW Gilsan Street and NW Park Avenue in Portland, Oregon. The site is at the end of park with a shape of a long rectangle that takes six blocks. The other end of the park is downtown Portland. Therefore, the park becomes one of the most important considerations in terms of site analysis. The Pacific Northwest college of Art is right next to our site that shares a block with our site. The site is in an old district of Portland, and there are many artificial elements shown in this area. People that live around here have a free lifestyle compare to people living in the downtown area.

Floating Cube A â&#x20AC;&#x153;floating cubeâ&#x20AC;? is proposed in this project. People feel regretful around death and encourage families by giving the hope. Therefore, cube form of the building implies the pure minds when everybody visits here. The sunken garden below grade is the place where people refresh their minds after reading all those stories, so it is not accessible until to the definition. The whole journey in the building is designed to be smooth that allows people to have a continuous thinking with continuous experience.

War Letter Exhibition Letters are always delivered from and to a mailbox, and one way to display the war letter is using the concept of a drawer. It is a traditional way of how people received letters, which creates a historic revival that affects peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s emotion. Also, in the dark space, the drawer shelf is directly attached to the open atrium. As visitors open the drawers, the natural light will come in to wash on the letter and light up the space. It creates a sacred feeling to letters and emphasizes special meaning to the exhibition.

Structure

Circulation

Structure

The visitor’s journey starts from going down to the basement level. The staircase around the central atrium connects people to the memorial garden at the bottom. Another way to move is to take the stairs attached to the south facade, which is designed for people who would like to refresh their mood from a heavy heart left from the war letters.

Two rectangular concrete shafts support the design concept of the “floating cube”. They not only distribute the weight of the building, but also serve as infrastructure, which contains restrooms, storage, and mechanical rooms. This gives a clear space for galleries and human circulation.

KARST REVIVAL | water purification tower Site: Shenzheng, China Individual work, fall 2015.

My design goal in this project is to apply the purification system from the high-rise in nature to skyscrapers we have nowadays to meet with the logic of nature: not only in terms of function but also in terms of the beauty. Karst landforms are mainly distributed in the Southwest of China, where the area has the highest risk of water pollution in China. However, the water from the mountains is very clean even after acid rain. It is because there is a sort of stone in the mountain called calcium ion, and the alkaline substance helps to purify rainwater by making a neutralization reaction with acid rain. The plants along the mountain also help with the filtering of hazardous substances in the water as well.

Karst Skyscraper The risk of water pollution has been raised so much during past 20 years all around the world, and especially in China, water pollution starts threatening peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life. Therefore, it becomes to be extremely important to purify the water from polluted river. The nature always have its special ways to circulate the water, and each of different landform has its own ways to circulate the water. Karst landform is mainly distributed in Southwest of China, where is the area that has the highest risk of water pollution in China. However, the water from the mountains is very clean even after acid rain. It is because there is substance in the mountain stone called calcium ion, and the alkaline substance helps with purifying rain water by making neutralization reaction with acid rain. The plants in the mountain helps with filtering hazardous substances in the water as well. Generally speaking, my design goal is to apply the purification system from high rise in nature to skyscraper we have nowadays to meet with logic of nature not only in terms of function but also in terms of the beauty.

Site: Shenzheng, China

Concerns: About one-third of the industrial waste water and more than 90 percent of household sewage in China is released into river and lakes without being treated. Water consumed by people in China contains dangerous levels of arsenic fluorine and sulfates.

ater and age in China eing treated.

dan ntains danates

ty Water Pollution Incidents Probability

Cancer Village Distribution

Acid Rain Average

Rain water

m of

n in

er purifi-

m of

n in

First state of treatment 30% clean

Design Progress: 1. Start with a normal high rise form of rectangle 2. Decided the space organization in terms of the floor plan 3. Rotate the form to meet with water purification system

er purifiported

m of

n in

Second state of natural purification 60% clean

er purifiported

l tower of differpends

te. e exported

Structure: The structure of the building is supported by three parts: 1. Main structure 2. Substructure 3. Water tube structure

l tower of differpends

Water purification system:

Second state of natural purification 90% clean

te. e ex-

Water purification system:

l tower of differpends

te. e ex-

Water purification system: Deformation: The form of the building as a spiral tower is designed to be flexible in terms of different sites, The angle of rotation depends on: 1. The sun angle differences 2. The level of water pollution on site 3. The use area in terms of future expansion

Water purification system:

Water falls for residential use

Residential perspective

Residential community is organized by each water cycle that happens in the builidng according to Karst natural logic. Water is purified during the process of falling from the top, and the residential areas have the condition of controling temperature, humidity, and clean water by taking advantages of the micro climate.

Residential Perspectives Presidential community is organized by each water cycle that happens in the building according to Karst natural logic. Water is purified during the process of falling down from the top, and residential areas have the condition of controlling temperature, humidity, and clean water by taking the advantages of the micro climate.

Residential perspective

Re to ar ad

Regional Strategy

Woodburn SCIENCE Center Site: Woodburn, MA Collaboration with Weihsiang Chao, fall 2018.

The project aims to create a science park mixed with residential area on the site. Two major entrances are recognized in our site for existing buildings that relate to the bio-tech and environmental oriented industries. The project also introduces one science center on the site as a node that facilitates the test ground for contamination purification. In phase two, it will create grouping effect for and will be developed as the science center that leads all the small science companies in the park at phase three. These has framed the main structure along the design process.

Professional, scientific, management, administrative,

Education, health,

Man

Finance, insurance, real estate and ren

Other service (except public adm

Arts, environment, receation, accommodation and fo

Whole

Public Adm

Transportation, wa

12 8

Hi g

Agriculture, industry, fishing a

ay Hi gh w 3 I-9

Woburn as Regional Environmental Restoration Technology Center

Woburn

, and waste

, and social

pl Un em St at e

n ur

9.0%

ood service

10.0%

Infromation

ministration)

Un em

ntal leasing

oy m

Retail trade

nufacturing

8.0%

onstruction

7.0%

esale Trade

ministration

6.0%

arehousing

5.0%

and hunting

4.0%

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

3.0% 2.0% 1.0%

Boston

2000 2001

1995

1990

1985

1983

bo r

-fo

rc e

0.0%

ob ur n

500

Land Use - Phase 1

Land Use Phase

Science axis As a historical contamination site, the project expects people who come to visit the city can always be aware about the story of the site. So the project, especially in an suburban area, can be defined specially as a science park that functions as not only the place to enjoy the nature, but also as the exhibition of the history of the area and introduction of new environmental technologies. Therefore, office complex is designed that each company will occupy their own block mixed with original warehouses, offices, retail stores, and exhibition lounge to display their company culture and products in terms of science technology. By connecting these blocks, it generated the main axis goes through the site, and then figure out another minor axis that connects the residential area mostly along the linear park.

1dq3r

On Site Soil & Water Remediation

Housing

Transportation & Commercial Complex

Transportation Infrastructure

Housing

Central Park

Environmental Remediation Tech Center

Residential axis The project anticipates the expansion of original technology business and also attracts new companies come in to expand the scale of our science park. On the other hand, the housing units on the site takes consideration of the fact that Woburn currently has more people from other regions come to work, which is showing a high demands of units. It expected these new housing to serve the new employees who will work and live in the science park. Environmental Remediation Industrial District

Transportation Infrastructure

500

Commercial District

125

250

500

Professional, ScientiďŹ c, management, administrative and waste management services Education, health and social

en t

Manufacturing

plo ym

Retail Trade

20,000

3.0%

19,500

2.0%

19,000

1.0%

18,500

0.0%

18,000

Environmental Remediation Environmental Tech Center Remediation Tech Center Residentail Environmental Remediation Industrial District

125 125

Transportation Infrastructure Commercial

250

125

500 500

250

500

District Commercial District

Commercial/ Mall Transportation

Infrastructure Industrial Suburban

Remediation

Grouping Effect

125

250

Urban Museum

500

1dq3r

Science Center

Commercial Hub

Circulation

Science 800% Center FAR: Height: FAR: 800% 44m/ 144ft Height: 44m/ 144 ft

Residentail

Transportation & Commercial Complex Residentail

Building Typology

Transportation, Hotel & Retail Complex

Woburn Anderson HousingTransportation Transportation, CenterHotel & Retail Central Park Complex

Secondery Road Environmental Remediation Tech Center Central Park

FAR: 400% FAR: 400% Height: 25 m/ 80 ft Height: 25m/ 80ft

C-1

Science Center

R-2

Environmental Remediation Tech Center

FAR: 800% Condominium Condominium Height: 44m/ 144 ft

R-1

Tech Center Industrial District Residentail Artery

Technology Company Technology Center

Central Park

Environmental Environmental Industrial Artery Remediation Remediation

R-1S

Residentail

500

125

Commercial District Mishawum Station Commercial/ Mall

250

125

500

250

T 500

Commercial/ Mall

R-2

R-3

R-2 Exhibition Existing Building

Commercial Hub

Hubs

R-1 C-1

Residential

Central Park

Residentail

C-2

R-3 C-2

250

500

FAR: 300% Height: 30 m/ 100 ft

Retail - New Retail - New

FAR:Duplex 450% Housing FAR: 450% Heigh: Height: 20 20m/ m / 65 ft 65ft FAR: 50% Height: 8 m/ 25 ft

Transportation

C-1

Transportation Complex FAR: 800% Retail - Reuse Heigh: FAR: 800%40m/ 130ft Height:FAR: 40 m/ 130 ft 250%

Height: 15 m/ 50 ft

C-2 125

Retail - Reuse FAR: 250% Heigh: FAR: 250%15m/ 50ft

Apartment

R-2

S Transportation Complex

Exhibition Exhibition Existing BuildingBldg Existing Tech Office/ Facility Tech Office/Facility Residential Residential R-3 Commercial Commercial Transportation Complex Transportation Complex

FAR: 600% Retail - Reuse Height: 50 m/ 165 ft

Height: 15 m/ 50 ft

R-3

Transportation, Hotel & Retail Complex

Environmental Remediation Tech Center

FAR: 50% FAR: 50% Height: 8 m/ 25 ft 25ft Heigh: 8m/ Condominium

R-1

Tech Office/ Facility

Commercial Residentail

FAR: 300% FAR: 300% 400% Height:FAR: 30 30m/ m/ 100 ft 100ft Heigh: Height: 25 m/ 80 ft

Duplex Duplex Housing Housing

C-1 Highway I-95

FAR: 600% FAR: 600% Height: 50m/ Height: 50 m/ 165 ft 165ft

Apartment Apartment Technology Company

Residentail Transportation Lowell Line/ Infrastructure Haverhill Line

250

Science Park

Commercial District

Building Typology

Highway I-95

125

2000 2001

Central Park Central Park

Mishawum Transportation Station Infrastructure

500

1995

Housing

Remediation Tech Center Artery Residentail

250

1990

W ob u

Transportation, Hotel &&Retail Transportation Complex Commercial Complex

Environmental Remediation Industrial District Environmental Lowell Line/ Remediation Haverhill Line Industrial District

Housing Highway I-93

Housing

1985

1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

La bo r-f or ce 1983

500

Residentail

Central Park Environmental Remediation Industrial Artery Tech Center Environmental

Commercial Hub

20,500

4.0%

Agriculture,forestry, ďŹ shing and hunting, and mining

Housing

Circulation

21,000

5.0%

Transportation, warehousing and utilities

On Site Soil & Water Remediation Housing Woburn Anderson Transportation Transportation Center Infrastructure Transportation & Commercial Complex Secondery Road

500

21,500

6.0%

Highway I-93

250

22,000

7.0%

125

22,500

Wholesale Trade

Public Administration

Commercial and train station Commercial Hub The project combines the train station and shopping mall to let the local business take the most advantages of population flow through the major transit systems.

Land Use - Phase 2

23,000

8.0%

Construction

Circulation Land Use Phase

at e

9.0%

10.0%

Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food service

W ob u

Information

Other services(except public administration)

Finance, insurance, real estate and rental and leasing

1dq3r 1dq3r

Ra te

250

Ra te

125

Commercial District

en t

Transportation Infrastructure

plo ym

Environmental Remediation Industrial District

Commercial/ Mall

C-2

Retail - New FAR: 450% Height: 20 m / 65 ft

Transportation Complex FAR: 800% Height: 40 m/ 130 ft

Hotel

East facing elevation

Train Station Complex Mix-use Office

Retail Hub Community Center

Central Park North facing elevation

Science Center

Central Lake Riverfront Park

Techonology Center

Train Station

Mall

TRANSPARENCY Site: Los Angeles, CA Individual work, summer 2014.

The Urban Context is the first consideration I was focusing on. The site is on the civic center and provides a direct view straight up to Hollywood Hill. This drives a design concept of transparency, which means not only the transparency of the view, but particularly to the transparency of power and judgment. The truth of nature is a metaphor of the attitude towards to the justice, which gives the main plot to this project.

Courtyards The use of Courtyards expands the access to sunlight. It also plays a role of dividing space that allows more visual connection between different groups of people (judges, visitors, criminals)

Circulation The circulation of public, private and security are absolutely separated except when the all meet at a courtroom. Not like a typical courthouse, The circulation system in this project proposes a new type that separates different groups physically, but also connects them visually, by interlocking each other around courtyards.

Axonometric Drawing

First floor plan

Secon

nd floor plan

100ft

Third floor plan

West Facing Perspective

South Facing Section

Courtroom Design The design focuses on the natural impact from light. The light works as spot lights that shine toward the judges and criminals.

West Facing Section The section shows the role of courtyards that provides natural lights, ventilation, and the rhythm of the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s spacial arrangements.

EDGE between UNIVERSITY AND SOCIETY Site: Boston

Pre-term GIS Workshop Collaboration work with Adam Sun and Ming Qin, fall 2018. This project analyzes different social patterns that are framed by edges under various spatial conditions in the urban context. Student is a significant group of people in Boston that reflects concentrated social footprints around the campus. Therefore, the project selected four major campuses in Boston and analyze and illustrate their social edges with different physical conditions. As a result, it reflects four types of edges, which are Radiant, Periphery, focal point, and linear edge.

SYTHESIZED EDGE INDICATION

Radiant - Harvard

Linear - MIT

01. Road flow

02. Physical edge

01. Road flow

02. Physical edge

03. Active area

04. Context

03. Active area

04. Context

SYTHESIZED EDGE INDICATION

Focal Point - Boston University

Periphery - University cluster

01. Road flow

02. Physical edge

01. Road flow

02. Physical edge

03. Active area

04. Context

03. Active area

04. Context