June 2021
Clarkson Train Station Precinct Activation Student name: Yasmeen Al-Hijazi Student ID: 18210826
Clarkson Train Station Precinct Activation
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Clarkson Train Station Precinct Activation
Abstract This research essay applies tactical urbanism (TU) to activate one of Clarkson Train Station precinct. In this project to activate is to promote home businesses and encourage connectivity within the community. This research essay proposes a tactic intervention for the Clarkson community. This tactic is located in Tamarama park and was generated based on theoretical and practical framework. This involves analyzing the theoretical framework and case studies of developed countries such as the Australian case study “Space market and why so empty” by Local economic renewal (CoDesign studio 2014). In addition to examining case studies of developing countries, for example the Italian study “Restart” by Centre by Vivamolaq citizens in L’Aquila Historic (Bazzu 2016). It also looks into a case study of an underdeveloped country; that is the Burmese study “Kalaw Myoma Market” in 2020 by Kalaw, Myanmar was (Rethinking the future 2020). This research essay derives learning outcomes from both local and international TU projects. In order to generate a tactic with a short-term action for long term change for Tamarama park precincts. The chosen case studies tackle social issues and as result proposes tactics for such problems (Elraham 2015). Whereas, The data used for this tactic is collected from City of Clarkson survey (Clarkson Train Station 2020) and the site observation audit and SWOT analysis. In addition, the formulation of the argument was derived from theoretical and practical framework literature
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Clarkson Train Station Precinct Activation
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Clarkson Train Station Precinct Activation
Table of contents Abstract.............................................................................................. 1 1. Introduction .................................................................................. 4 2. Case studies…………………………………………………………..6 3. SWOT analysis ……………………………………………………….8 4. Connected Clarkson Community tactic…………………………....12 5. Reference .................................................................................. 14
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1.
Introduction
TU is a low coast intervention that initiates domestic solution for urban problems and planning challenges on a local level. Those intervention provides short-term actions that are associated with long-term changes (Elraham 2015). This vernacular movement is run by locals who aspire to help their city through taking a community-oriented initiative toward a better quality of living. Those urban champions operate without government involvement and the projects are usually funded by locals and donations (Elraham 2015) The interventions consist of small-scale tactics formed to provide potential solutions for community needs. Chaiara Campotenschi is a researcher who looked into the cooperative awareness with the community. She found that tactical urbanism gives citizens the opportunity to initiate change against discontinuous planning and development processes. It also responds to community requests and meets the objectives (Elraham 2015) TU principles were evident before the 20th century. The first citing of similar principles to those of TU can be traced back to Les Bouquinistes in Paris in the 1500s. Another movement of such concept and principles was seen in the 16th century in Paris with the pop-up book vendors along the Seine River. Fast forward in San Francisco in 1995 in parking Day. However, in 1995 the first title of tactical urbanism was granted to Play Streets of New York and London in the 20th century (Marshall, Duvall and Deborah 2016). Curtin University 2021
The notion of TU provides an opportunity for the emergence of new urban ideas. Those urban interventions provide a range of benefits for the community. This is because they focus on social, cultural, and environmental matters (Marshall, Duvall and Deborah 2016). . Actions toward those matters are taken through strategies and tactics. Those interventions begin with consulting with the local councils and fund raisers to provide the best design aspect that can fulfill the community needs (Marshall, Duvall and Deborah 2016). Through community involvement, citizens can initiate the change towards shaping their urban space without the need to rely on planning and government policies. TU provides a field to assess and facilitate an urban idea. From which knowledge and lessons can be gained (Brenner 2015) As a result, TU gives citizens a chance to test the success of an urban concept before laying the foundation for permanent interventions (Brenner, 2015). McFarlane describes a book written by Callon et on the impact of tactical urbanism that it is not about urbanism at the end, instead, it is about the benefits and lessons applied along the process (Brenner 2015). Whereas Anaclaudia Rossbach, the director of Brazilian foundation, comments on the topic of poverty and the importance of TU; he says, “Talking is important, but I guess seeing it on the ground, you see that it has credibility” (Brenner 2015) 4
Clarkson Train Station Precinct Activation
Variety of tactics have been implemented in the past 20th century. This includes providing new infrastructure, services, job opportunities, better amenity and so forth. The notion of TU is purely based on providing a better quality of living for people century (Marshall, Duvall and Deborah 2016). As this concept takes into account a variety of projects. For example, adaptive reuse projects for abandoned or an underutilized public space that can provide the public with community hubs and gardens. This can positively impact on people’s health and wellbeing by promoting walkability and active community engagement (Mould 2014) As mentioned above TU brings of many benefits to the communities. Such as it increases the public engagement. Individuals can voice out the needs of their communities, through decision-making, followed by physical labor as they provide the means of production toward the tactic (Mould 2014). Another advantage of tactical urbanism is that it brings different demographics of creative minds together such as children, adults, community leaders, artists, architect, planners, trades, and town teams. Those tactics help bring the community and the public together through inexpensive pop-up urban ideas (Mould 2014).
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Those ideas can be the solution for many urban issues that do not require intensive planning. As sometimes small changes can have the biggest outcomes (Mould 2014).
The reason behind the success of the TU concept despite its small scale is the planning, programming, site surveying and the involvement of the community. It is based on concerned citizens who are going through the hardship and are willing to collaborate to help enhance their city and urban precincts. Therefore, this process ensures a realistic and honest outcome (Mould 2014).
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Case studies
First case study reviewed in this report of tactical urbanism based on a developing country is “Restart” in Italy (Bazzu 2016). Restart is a tactical urbanism project initiated by VIVAMOLAq designer group along with the citizen of Historic City in 2014 in L’Aquila (Bazzu 2016). The tactic was proposed in the historic city center for a small, underused 8x8 meter square. Located adjacent to the department of human Science of the university of L’Aquila. This project took duration of one week from start to the completion of the project (Bazzu 2016). The tactic was carried out through an open workshop with the help of designers of VIVAMOLAq, citizens of the historic city center and university students. The project consisted of permanent installation using furniture (Bazzu 2016).
As result, the underused public square was transformed into a resting and meeting place for the community. This tactic brought the locals and the students of the human Science department together. As it did not only give back to the community of the historic city but also demonstrated the tangible possibilities of a collective with low coast with short term construction (Bazzu 2016).
The furniture includes seats and tables of different size and heights. The furniture was constructed using recycled materials such as steel mesh, serving as the container and box making the structure for the seats and tables. The steel box’s structure houses stones known as rubble. Whereas the upper materials for the seats and tables were made of wooden planks recycled and treated from construction site (Bazzu 2016)
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Another tactical urbanism case study of a developed country is the “Space market and why so empty” by Renewal AustraliaRenewal Australia is a tactical urbanism group found in Australia and in New Zealand. The purpose of their tactics is to promote economic development for small businesses through pop-up markets (CoDesign studio 2014). Those pop-up markets provide an opportunity for small businesses to promote their products and services. The markets take place in streets, laneway, parks and so on (CoDesign studio 2014). Renewal group consist of number of creative minds such as creative industries, Community groups, Government and not for profit organization along with property owners and Urban practitioners. Their short term- long term is not only for economic benefits but also toward community revitalization (CoDesign studio 2014). Another project by renewal Australia is space market and why so empty located in Perth WA Australia. Their tactics aim is to repurpose underused underutilized precinct in the city such us basement, alleys, and ground floors. Into pop-up markets and connect those spaces with artist and businesses. Their short termlong term action is to differs from real agency and sustainable tenancies instead of making profit (CoDesign studio 2014).
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SWOT analysis
As described in the abstract previously the aim of this report is to propose a tactical design intervention into Tamarama Park. Tamarama park is an underutilized public space, in segment C The park is located along Ocean Keys Blvd St. Situated about 800m from Clarkson train station and 900m from Clarkson shopping centers. Tamarama park has the potential to perform as a linkage point between those two sectors. To become a hub for the Clarkson homeowner businesses and for community gatherings.
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A pop-up tactical design is depicted based on the City of Wanneroo survey conducted between 2020 and March 2021. The City of Wanneroo community members were surveyed on which intervention they think would have the most impact. A total of 75.76% responded that pop-up neighborhood events, such as food tracks, would have the most impact on activating the main streets. Whereas 67.68% have answered that trees and planter boxes can create a pleasant and comfortable public space within Clarkson precinct.
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Furthermore, SWOT analysis and site survey of Tamarama park was undertaken. The data obtained from the survey were formulated into a tactical urbanism initiative called “Clarkson Community Connect”. This tactical pop-up design aims to establish a medium for interaction between homeowner businesses and the community (Shaw 2020).
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Tamarama park consist of lush greenery found across the park. With two large native eucalyptus trees located in the center of the site. There is also a drop off point and children playground on the south end of the park. Lately, a drop off point located opposite to Cylinders Loop roads along the north end of the park.
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On the other hand, through the SWOT analysis, it was found that the planted seasonal trees along the footpath are small and do not provide sufficient shade. Whereas no seating areas are located within proximity to the footpath. Only two stone seating spaces are located within Tamarama park. One is in the center of the park. Also, no undercover amineties such as umbralas or shading devices. This creates a lack of shelter from the sun in summer and rain in winter. Consequently, this further limits the opportunities for community interaction.
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The issues stated above influence the decline use of this precinct. Consequently, those parks are not being utilized for what they were designed for. The “Clarkson Community Connect” tactic response to the issues stated previously. It provides the missing amenities that Tamarama park future inhabitants and the Clarkson community require.
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Connected Clarkson Community tactic
TU design is, therefore, proposed for Tamarama park to help configure the site into a community hub. The design was generated based on the Clarkson survey. This tactic aims to activate social spaces in order to provide an opportunity for the Clarkson homeowner businesses to enhance their social and economic status. Connected Clarkson Community tactic consists of a pop-up market. This market integrates a hybrid amenities. Which consist of food stalls, a place to sit, place to display goods and a place to shelter The community Clarkson connect pop up design made of prefab modulars with flexible programs. As each modular integrate different amenities from kitchenette, seating, and display shelves as well as shelter. The modular are mobile affordable and sustainable. They are mobile as they use industrial wheels to be moved easily and placed in different spots in order to respond do different programs. Those modules can form different typologies but the intent layout for this site is to be connected into a linear typology along the footpath of Tamarama park (adjacent to Ocean Keys Blvd) with one 500 mm setback from the posts. Placed along the main street to ensure visibility for traffics and for vehicles driving past. Curtin University 2021
To create a sense of curiosity for people to park their cars and visit the site. Furthermore, the intent of having the modules in a linear layout is to provide a better chance for the tactic to be seen as you are driving past. This tactic will create an opportunity for local and small homeowner businesses to promote, display and sell their goods. And can transfer the precinct into a hub for community interaction. This will allow people to extend the time they spend at Tamarama park. Which as result will extend the likelihood and the social connection within the residents and general public of Clarkson. As The use of food and coffee stalls aim to extend the users stay while the shading and seating spaces provide comfort and enjoyable atmosphere for users. Lastly the integration of temporary planting has psychological benefits on the users and brings further environmental benefits. In conclusion, based on the discussion above. Tactical urbanism interventions bring change and hope to the community. TU proves that with small budget and with the help of the collective success of urban scale interventions are ensured. As result of tactical urbanism communities will be granted many benefits and can be also environmental, social and cultural benefits. As demonstrated in Clarkson community connect tactic on Tamarama park. An underutilized park can be transformed into a hot spot for community gatherings and social integration. While bringing livability and place activation to the public park. 12
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5. Reference Ahmed S. Abd Elrahman. 2015. “A Pop-up Local Change for Cairo’s Built Environment”. Procedia – Social and Behaviour Science: 216, 223-235. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.12.032 Bazzu, Paola. 2016.Tactical Urbanism Italy 5. Italy: The Street Plans Collaborative https://issuu.com/streetplanscollaborative/docs/tu_italy_eng CoDesign studio,Tactical. 2014. Tactical Urbanism 4. New York: Street Plans. Marshall, Wesley E., Andrew L. Duvall and Deborah S. Main. (2016). “Large-scale tactical urbanism: The Denver bike share system”. Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 9:2, 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549175.2015.1029510
Rethinking the future. 2020. Reviving the post pandemic Indian cities through tactical urbanism. https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/fresh-perspectives/a1180-reviving-the-postpandemic-indian-cities-through-tactical-urbanism/ Shaw, Melissa. 2020. Clarkson Train Station Precinct Activation. City of Wanneroo https://www.wanneroo.wa.gov.au/clarkson-train-station-activation (shaw 2020) Stevens, Quentin, Fauster Awepuga and Kim Dovey. 2019. “Temporary and Tactical Urbanism in Australia: A Review of Current Practice, Policy and Practitioner Perspectives. SOAC
Neil Brenner. 2015. “Is “Tactical Urbanism” an Alternative to Neoliberal Urbanism?”. Museum of Modern Art. Oli Mould. 2014. “Tactical Urbanism: The New Vernacular of the Creative City”. Geography Compass, 8:8, 529-539. Doi: 10.1111/gec3.12146 Paola Bazzu. 2016.Tactical Urbanism Italy 5. Italy: The Street Plans Collaborative https://issuu.com/streetplanscollaborative/docs/tu_italy_eng
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