ARCITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO AIR The Univesrity of Melbourne, 2012 (564156) Yordan Domuzov
DESIGN PROJECT: GATEWAY EXPRESSION OF INTEREST (EOI)
1.1 A d v a n c i n g A r c h i t e c t u r a l D i s c o u r s e Personal Project: Spatial Algorithmic Geometry Spatial Algorithmic Geometry is one of my recent projects based on parametric modeling. Its main goal was creating complex geometry using contemporary design techniques. For the creation of this geometry it was used a powerful scripting program called Rhino Phyton. This program opens a very wide spectrum of possibilities for the designer as it can be used not only for drawing different forms but also for generating of geometry. Using such methods and programs could be very beneficial for the Gateway design project as they allow the designer to create things which otherwise could not be, or could be very difficult, created. The method of creating complex patterns which could fit on every surface regardless its size and shape, which was used in this project, could be also adopted by the Gateway design project. Project by: Yordan Domuzov and Petar Trassiev
1.1 A d v a n c i n g A r c h i t e c t u r a l D i s c o u r s e State of Art Project: DG Bank, Berlin, Germany The DG Bank building is a famous project by the very well-known architect Frank Ghery. The project is unique and innovative because it combines the design process with the manufacturing. The atrium of the building is a very complex structure not only because of its dimensions but also because of its double curvature. For its design and construction it was used variety of techniques which could be also relevant to the Gateway design project. Triangulation is a process of dividing a complex geometry into triangles which allows its construction. This division is made by appropriate CAD software. After the triangulation of the atrium the relevant information from the CAD files was extracted and used by computer numerical control (CNC) machines for the production of the atrium’s supporting metal frame. This technology of CNC cutting allows very high accuracy and precision in the manufacturing process.
1.1 A d v a n c i n g A r c h i t e c t u r a l D i s c o u r s e State of Art Project: ICD/ITKE Research Pavilion 2010, Stuttgart, Germany
Scripting allows
working beyond our perceptual “...capacity � B. Colarevic
Rederences: Architectural Design Journal Vol. 82 No. 2; Architectural Magazine: DETAIL Institute of Coputional Design | Anoncments [ONLINE] Available at http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=4458
A temporary research pavilion designed and constructed by the Institute for Computational Design and the Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design at the University of Stuttgart in 2010. This project combines again the design process with the manufacturing process. The innovative structure demonstrates the latest developments in material-oriented computational design, simulation, and production processes in architecture. The result is a bending-active structure made entirely of extremely thin, elastically-bent plywood strips. Such techniques expands the design space towards previously unexplored architectural possibilities and allows the creating of very complex geometry. This project is a good example of combining techniques which could be adopted by the Gateway Design Project as the desired outcome of the design process should be innovative and eyecatching. This could be achieved only by implementing these techniques in the design process.
1.2 C o m p u t a t i o n i n A r c h i t e c t u r e Project: Babiy Yar Memorial, Kiev, Kokkugia This speculative project by architectural firm Kokkugia reconsiders the monument as object, instead positing the formation of an immersive space of remembrance, a space that emerges from the landscape. The project is part of a ongoing research into Behavioral Design Methodologies. Thus the architects use Multi-Agent algorithms to generate a landscape with a differentiated field of intensities that culminates in the inverted monument. This is an interesting approach of using external data in order to generate forms which create space. The objective of this project is in a way similar to this in the Gateway Design Project as both aim to inspire and to be remarkable. Such approach could be employed to the Gateway Project by finding a source of information which is relevant to that particular site like number of cars passing through in different parts of the day for example. This data can be streamed to grasshopper. It can be then transformed and used in different ways in order to create something relevant to the project.
design calls for teh rejection “ Parametric of fixed solutions and for an exploration of infinitely variable possibilities. �B. Colarevic
References: http://www.kokkugia.com
1.3 P a r a m e t r i c M o d e l l i n g
tools can help designers “in...computational the future to deal within an evergrowing
amount of complexity and integrate bottomup design approaches.
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Lamella Flock investigates new possibilities of creating freeform structures, which are constructed by the use of straight beam elements only. Challenges arise from the complex interdependency of beam elements in the structure, and the non-linear relationship between requirements of structure, material and production. They propose an approach that utilizes principles of self-organization. This led to the development of generative digital tools that are informed by the physical 1:1 output including structural analysis, production and material knowledge. These constraints loop back into the structures geometrical setup.
Using relative simple construction methods, combined with innovative design techniques for creating complex geometry forms, could be a good strategy for the Western Gateway Design Project in Windham City. The outcome of such combination, as we can see from Lamella Flock, could be an exciting and fascinating structure which could easily become a symbol of the rapid development of the city.
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G E O M E T R Y 2.1 Matrix of Combinations
INPUT ASSOCIATION OUTPUT
Overlapping Patterns Image Sampler Data Driven Rotation Candidate solution
INPUT ASSOCIATION OUTPUT
Increasing the radius of the outcoming circles
Using Surface Normals Multiple Math Functions Data Driven Extrusion Candidate solution
INPUT ASSOCIATION OUTPUT
ASSOCIATION OUTPUT
Increasing the radius of the circles and their extrusion distance which makes the surface look more dense
Overlapping Patterns Image Sampler Data Driven Shading Candidate solution
INPUT
Increasing the overlapping distance and changing the radius of circles on the first surface
Increasing the density of the patterns
Increasing the multiplication factor of the image sampler and modifying the overlapping
Using Surface Normal Attractor Point Data Driven Extrusion Candidate solution
Changing the radius of the circles and choosing another view of the surface where the density is higher
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G E O M E T R Y 2.1 Matrix of Combinations
SEARCH PROCESS Using Kalay’s principals a range of candidate solutions was explored in order to find the one that best meets particular criteria.
DEPTH FIRST For this exploration it was used the so called Depth First method - a promising candidate solution is explored to its logical conclusion (either it meets the goals, or it fails).
RELATION TO EOI By producing this matrix of combinations important knowledge and understanding of the applied techniques was gained, which can be adopted by the Gateway Project.
INPUT ASSOCIATION
Overlapping Patterns Attractor Point
OUTPUT Candidate solution
Candidate solution
Changing the color of the inner circles only
Data Driven Shading Changing the color of both the inner and the outer circles
INPUT
Arbitrary Points
ASSOCIATION
Using Sets
OUTPUT
Data Driven Rotation
INPUT
Boolean Patterning Streaming Text
Exploring the outcomes by moving the different sets separatly and changing the degree of rotation
ASSOCIATION OUTPUT Boolean pattern: True, False
Boolean pattern: True, False, True
Data Driven Extrusion
Boolean pattern: True, True, False True
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G E O M E T R Y 2.2 Case-Study Projects Analysis
DESCRIPTION All CUT precedents deal with the visual effects conveyed through their facades. Perforation and layering are the two main techniques used by the architects and designers to achieve this. They also play very well with the sunlight which reflects or creates interesting shadows. The visual effect is enhanced by background lighting at night in some of the buildings. 1. Airspace, Tokyo, Faulders Studio 2. Dior, Ginza, Office of Kumiko Inui
needs mechanisms “Architecture that allow it to become connected to culture. ” F. Moussavi architecture is to remain con“Ifvergent with culture, it needs to build mechanisms by which culture can constantly produce new images and concepts rather than recycle existing ones.
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F. Moussavi
3. De Young Musuem, San Francisco, Herzog & de Meuron 5. Restaurant Aoba-Tei, Sendai, Hitoshi Abe 4. Gantenbein Vineyard, Basel, Gramazio & Kohler 6. Spanish Pavilion, Expo 2005, Foreign Office Architects
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RELATION TO EOI The design techniques such as applying patterns on a surface, layering, perforation etc. which were used in these projects could be directly adopted for a design proposal for a new Gateway to the Windham City. As these projects had great effect on the comunity and they were published in various magazines and journals across the world, the further development of these design methods can lead to a promising outcome.
ANALAYSIS Both citations argue how important symbols and ornaments are to architecture. The CUT projects demonstrate and support this statement. They all reflect the current culture and flows in architecture. They are symbol of a new age - the age of computer based design. They are pushing the boundries of contemporary architecture as they use new design techniques which obviously result in astonishing outcomes.
7. Articulated Cloud, Pittsburgh, Ned Khan 8. Andre de Gouveia Residence, Paris, Vincent Parreira
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9. Hills Place, London, Amanda Levette 10. John Lewis Department Store, Leicester, Foreign Office Architects
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G E O M E T R Y
2.2 Reverse-Engineered Case-Study Airspace Tokyo is a mixed-use residential and comercial building. It is a well known precedent because of the innovative techniques which the architect used for the design of its facade. Its is a digitally generated voronoi tessellation. It consists of two overlapping layers which differ from one another by density. In this way one standing outside mostly can not see through the facade which allows high level of privacy in some of the areas inside the building. The facade is made of aluminium composite materials (ACM), commonly used as sound insolation material. All case study projects present new design techniques and approaches which all can be well implemented in the Gateway Design Project. Airspace Tokyo is the project which impressed me and inspires me most. Through the simple techniques of layering and voronoi the architect achieves great visual effect. Through the adjustable density of the tessellation this visual effect can be easily modified so that it fits on different sites and places in order to meet certain requirements. The shading that this structure creates is very diverse following no specific pattern. Thus it is unique and eye-catching. Also the project could be particularly relevant to the Gateway project because of the material used for the realisation of the project. Aluminium composite material is a very light material which is in the same time very robust. It is also resistant to weather impacts. It doesn’t rust and change its colour under influence of light and water. However, one disadvantage of this outcome could be that such a open-celled meshwork is difficult to be maintained. For example cleaning all these holes could become an issue as it takes a lot of time. Thus in relation to the Gateway Project materials and colours should be choose carefully in order to reduce the influence of dust and dirt. References: http://www.faulders-studio.com/proj_airspace.html ; http://www.core.form-ula.com/2007/11/16/voronoi-goodness/
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G E O M E T R Y
Voronoi tessellation can be applied on all kind of surfaces - flat, double curved, round, etc which allows high flexibility and freedom in design. Furthermore it can be applied on 3D objects for more interesting outcomes.
is a forward-thinking and “ This exploratory approach to creating
spaces, articulated through and defined by the complex relationships linking functionality and subjective engagement, optical and tactile conditions, or a building and its surroundings.
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Thom Faulders
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G E O M E T R Y
2.3 Reverse-Engineered Case-Study (Group Project)
BANQ Restaurant is a recently opened restaurant in Boston, USA. It has become very popular among architects and designer because of its superior interior design. The highlight is a wood structure which hides all the installations and columns. The technique of contouring was used for the design of the structure. This means that a surface has been divided into separate panels following the surface’s curvature. The ceiling has a wave-like free form which combined with the contouring technique creates great visual effect and atmosphere in the restaurant. Such approach could be also used by the Gateway Design Project. However, some of the parameters should be changed because of the different conditions on the freeway. For example the distance between the panels should be increased as the cars pass with a high speed through and then the panels will start to look like a solid surface instead. Furthermore the supporting construction might need to be changed as well because of the greater scale that will be needed on the site.
References: http://www.archdaily.com/42581/banq-office-da/
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G E O M E T R Y
Expression of Interest Conlusion So far me and my group have made a research and gathered some background knowledge. We have explored some relevant precedents which demonstrate the latest techniques in the field of architecture and design. We have studied all these techniques and tried to extend their possibilities and functionality. We have also combined them with other relevant methods in computation and parametric modelling. Further we have explored the outcomes of these combination in order to reduce them to the ones which are relevant to the Gateway Design Project. Another aspect of our research is the manufacturing process. We tried to find built examples of projects where the manufacturing process was combined with the design process. This means that the designer are engaged with the production of all elements needed for the construction of particular structure from the very beginning of the design phase. This leads to better outcomes in general and also to reducing expenses, time needed for construction and effort put on managing the whole project. All this will help us come up with a rational, exciting and eye-catching design proposal for an installation which will fit into reasonable budget and time frame. The outcome will not only meet the expectations of the Selection Panel and Advisory Group but will turn into a symbol of Windham City.
Western Interchange – site of the Gateway installation.