Postmodernism

The term postmodernism was used in the 1930s, but its current sense and vogue can be said to have begun with Jean-Francois Lyotard's.

Postmodernism literature is a literary movement that eschews absolute meaning and instead emphasizes play, fragmentation, metafiction, and intertextuality. Postmodernism asserts that truth is not mirrored in human understanding of it, but is rather constructed as the mind tries to understand its own personal reality.

Another major theorist of postmodernism is the contemporary French writer Jean Baudrillard, whose book Simulations (1981, translated 1983).

Baudrillard is associated with what is usually known as 'the loss of the real' , which is the view that in contemporary life the pervasive influence of images from film, TV, and advertising has led to a loss of the distinction between real and imagined, reality and illusion, surface and depth. The result is a culture of 'hyperreality' , in which distinctions between these are eroded.

Postmodern literature builds on the following core ideas: Language is a social construct that speaks and identifies the subject. Knowledge is contingent, contextual and linked to power.. The critids do foreground the element of 'narcissism' in narrative technique. They discover postmodernist themes, tendencies, and attitudes within literary works of the twentieth century and explore their implications.