Axonometric drawing
Roof Structure
The main timber structure provides the main support for the building and the membrane structure on the surface provides effective shading.
Second Floor
The middle area on the first floor serves as the main exhibition and the north-west area as a café where visitors can relax. The southeast area is used as an exhibition area in addition to storing some of the Babylonian books and documents, providing visitors with an opportunity to read and study. The small room can be used as a seminar for visitors and also as a meeting room for researchers.
First Floor
The main ground floor is used as an exhibition area, with the north-west area used as a hobby studio for special events and exhibitions, and echoing the nearby theatre. The north-east area, near the main entrance, is used as an office and the south-west area as a lecture room for lectures or documentaries.
First Basement
The basement area mainly serves the archaeologists, who are able to work and rest here, while storage rooms are provided to help with the temporary storage of exhibits.
Design Process
Plan/ Section / Elevation
The layout of the building balances visitor spaces and working spaces for researchers. The exhibition halls on the first and second floor allow visitors to experience the culture of ancient Babylon, while the lecture spaces and seminar rooms provide an in-depth explanation of the culture and history. The workshops on the ground floor allow visitors to participate in special activities. The space on the basement is entirely dedicated to the research of researchers and is separate from the visitor space.
1. Workshop
2. Toilet
3. Exhibition Space A
4. Exhibition Space B
5. Lecture Hall
6. Seminar Room
7. Meeting Room
8. Office
9. Cultural Relics Research Office
10. Storage
11. Lounge
12. Coffee Shop
13. Kitchen
14. Exhibition Space C
15. Exhibition Space D
0 1 2 4 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 6 A 1st Floor Plan Elevation B B1 Floor Plan 2nd Floor Plan 1st Floor Plan A' B
Section A-A'
Ladybug analysis and sustainable strategy
Without shading Adding the roof 5.10-10.10 Blocking sunlight
1.1-5.10
Allowing sunlight
10.10-1.1 Allowing sunlight
According to ladybug's analysis, in unshaded conditions, both the north and east-west directions suffer from varying degrees of glare problems. Further analysis was therefore carried out to determine the shape of the roof structure so that the north would be protected from glare in the summer and would have sufficient light in the winter. The east-west façade is designed with an adjustable membrane façade as the light radiation decreases with height. Using the principle of positive and negative patterns, the façade can be flexibly adjusted according to the light intensity
Details of the roof
Different shading distance
and
Details of the facade
open half close Wood structures ETFE membrane structures Connection of wood and glass Connection of glass and ground
1. Concrete layer
2. Waterproof layer
3. Cement
4. Timber flooring
5. Timber columns
6. Timber connecting
beams
7. Concrete beams
8. Concrete layer
9. Waterproofing
10. Timber flooring
11. Glass curtain wall
12. Timber roof structures
13. ETFE membrane structures
14. Metal frame
15. Concrete layer
16. Cement
17. Waterproof layer
Kenetic Facade
The opening and closing of the double membrane is controlled by air pressure to control the amount of incoming light and achieve internal shading.
case study
18. Gravel layer reduce the number
The façade was built using a triangular framing system using steel structures, with an ETFE membrane structure installed in the middle of the frame. The positive and negative membrane structure changes according to the solar radiation to ensure that the light in the room is not too intense.
Reference ： https://www.ruiz-geli.com/ projects/built/media-tic
Roof Detail Facade Detail
and Negative pattern
Positive
Media-ICT Roof Facade
Positive
negative pattern
17 16 15 4 3 2 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 14 11 12 13
18
About Sublime
Individual work
Spring semester of 2022 Final Year Project
Theme: Landscape Architecture / Sustainability / Environmental
Type: Light Experimental Art Centre
Site: Hverfjall Crater, Iceland
Tutor: Juan Carlos Dall’Asta
The aim of the project is to create an observatory and light art exhibition centre to enhance the environmental significance and contemplative nature of the volcanoes of northern Iceland. In this project the environment and light are used as the main elements to stimulate the senses, a personal journey into tranquillity through art and nature. The project features different light art exhibitions through a series of spaces above and below ground, providing shadows while strengthening the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces. The project offers a pioneering new venue for artists and visitors, striking a balance between the natural and the artificial.
Site Analysis
The project site is located on the edge of the Hverfjall volcano in Iceland. The project is located in a viewing route and the surrounding environment shows the unique features of the Icelandic landscape such as volcanoes, lakes and Lava fields, so I will use these natural elements in the design of the project while taking into account the multiple viewpoints of the visitors.
About Sublime
The theme of my project is about the sublime. The aim of the project is to create a light art exhibition centre on the edge of Hverfjall volcano. According to the analysis, the project site is far from the city and has a rich natural environment.
According to David Adjay, buildings are deeply emotive structures which form our psyche. People think they're just things they maneuver through, but the makeup of a person is influenced by the nature of spaces.
Therefore, I wanted to make my project a sublime experience in which visitors could be healed by nature, space, and the light installation art.
I divided the entire project's journey into three parts, body, mind, and spirit, and connected each of these three parts to the natural elements surrounding the site. These three parts will be used for rest, reflection, and observation respectively. I want visitors to be able to rest in the body part, to reflect in the spirit part through the light exhibition, and finally to be healed in the mind part through the natural environment. The topography, artificial elements and light are gradually changing in the building, and visitors will have different experiences in these three areas.
Divine Feeling Release Pressure Nature Light Installation Art Body Rocks REST Ground Level Underground Above Ground REFLECTION OBSERVATION Habitation Aurora Volcano Heart Spirit Underground Artificial Dark Tower Natural Bright
Design Process
Cut the site and divide it into three parts. Skylight. The design of the roof brings a wealth of light and shadow changes to the interior and landscape observation points. Elevation. Adding architectural elevations to increase the variation of light and shadow in the interior and the connection between the interior and the natural environment. Adjust the height of the three sections to form the variations. The middle section serves as the connection between the underground and above-ground sections. Entrance. Adding the main entrance to the building, connecting the three sections to the outside world. Interior. Completing interior divisions, adding small spaces and improving the flow of the interior.
Volcano Center Volcano Bottom Main Entrance Secondary entrance Secondary entrance -1.05m +3.45m ±0.00m +2.45m -5.60m +19.00m +19.00m +3.45m +2.45m ±0.00m -2.05m -4.60m -5.60m 106m 104m 102m 100m 98m 96m 94m 92m 90m 88m 106m 104m 102m 100m 98m 96m
Form Exploration Top Plan and Elevation
Exploded view and Plans
The entire building is located on the edge of the volcano, and the main entrance to the building is located in the center, through which visitors can enter directly into the semi-underground exhibition space, and then view the light installation in the underground space. Afterwards they will return to the middle area to rest in the café. At night they can enjoy the aurora borealis from the observation tower. Throughout the tour route, visitors will be able to experience the tour from the ground to the underground and then to the higher level, and the roof design and indoor light exhibition can bring them a rich experience of light and shadow.
1 1 6 7 8 8 10 1 9.1 9.3 7 9.2 2 3 3 4 5
1. Exhibition area 2. Coffee
shop
3. Toliet 4. Reading
area
5. Observation
tower
6. Office 7. Light control room 8. Storage 9.1 Light Art
Exhibition
1 9.2 Light Art Exhibition 2 9.3 Light Art Exhibition 3 10. Observation
platform
steel sealer protect covering
insulation
concrete fundation
pipe
aluminium frame
thermal break rubber seals
aluminium sheet covering rustic plaster
galcanized steel
steel structure
cement panel
insulation
concrete
steel panel
section A section B
Sections section C section D E E'
Skyspace
James Turrell
The Shadow Wall
Jason Bruges Studio
The first light exhibit is located at the entrance, where visitors gradually move from the bright above-ground entrance to the ground floor. In this exhibit visitors are able to interact with the wall installations, where light-sensitive canvases simulate the shadows and silhouettes of passersby.
reference link: https://wembleypark.com/news/shadow-wall-wembley-park-nominated-twoawards/
reference link: https://www.voorlinden.nl/james-turrell-skyspace/?lang=en https://www.archdaily.com/380911/light-matters-seeing-the-light-with-james-turrell
Melting Memories
Refik Anadol
The third exhibition is located in the underground section, in which wall installations link data, painting, sculpture and light projection, using AI technology to link human activity and installation change to explore the materiality of memory. The space is completely underground, deprived of natural light, so visitors are only able to explore it through light installations, which provoke memories and reflections.
reference link:https://refikanadolstudio.com/projects/melting-memories/
The second light show is located in a separate room near the entrance. The opening in the roof allows visitors to enjoy both the changing lights and the changing sky, with the soft sky light interacting with the changing lights in the room to create a unique experience.
Group work, XJTLU DRC Autumn semester of 2021
Type: Elderly residence
Site: Mallorca, Spain
Tutor: Teo Hidalgo Nacher, Jorge Gonzalez
Group member： Yifan.Yang Yuhui.Qiang Qihang.Xu Kushav Dharvish Aubeeluck
Personal responsibility : Analysis (60%) Design (70%) Drawing (90%)
The project site is divided into two parts. Site one constructs a single-storey residential home for the elderly, capable of accommodating 60 people. The interior of the residence should provide universal accessibility to ensure the needs of the elderly. The project will be used as an experiment to enable future expansion of similar buildings around the site. Site 2 will be landscaped in series to improve the environment around the site. It will act as an outdoor living room, connected to the nursing home and providing a recreational area for the residents.
ARRELS
Site Analysis
The site is located in Sant llorenc des Cardassar, on the Spanish island of Mallorca, in the heart of a large protected and agricultural area with typical Mallorca traditional farms. The municipality is mainly focused on agriculture and tourism, with the town's fairs and important events concentrated in the central town hall square. The location of the site is on the edge of the town and is surrounded by a rich natural landscape.
By analysing the daily lives of the local elderly, we were able to draw out the important elements of their lives. These elements were extracted and used in the design of the nursing home. The elderly can rest and communicate in the courtyard, the rich vegetation provides a better living space for them and the surrounding residents are able to play and rest here.
The remaining area of the site will be used for planting in the short term. The building form is easy to replicate and in the future, the building will be extended to meet the needs of more people.
Site A provides a parking area, children's activity area, planting area, and resident activity area. The elderly in the nursing home and the surrounding residents can relax in this area, while the planting can be used for meals in the nersing home.
Daily Services Medical Accommodation
The layout of the nursing home is organised around a courtyard, with different courtyards linking the accommodation, daily living and office areas. The home is equipped with a number of medical and living services (dining room, laundry, living room, indoor activity areas, etc.) and can accommodate 60 people.
Administration Area Individual Habitation
Design Process
Building location. The layout of the nursing home residence is chosen to unfold in plan, ensuring the building's autonomy and accessibility.
Function. The scheme is organised around five courtyards housing five modules (two administrative modules (yellow) and three residential modules (green)). An optimum level of natural light and ventilation is guaranteed for all spaces.
Courtyard. The proposal uses the outdoor spaces as structural elements of the scheme, enabling the elderly to occupy and make use of them, guaranteeing a tense, rich and varied relationship with the outdoor spaces.
Expansion. The planar layout can be expanded in the future as needed to meet the needs of more people. Vegetation. A diverse ecosystem is created through native planting landscaping that elicits interaction with people to create a sense of belonging.
Mallorca Spain
Sant Llorenç des Cardassar
A Day of An Old Person Daily Activities
Extract Site A (Landscape) Site B (Nersing Home) Important Element Cemetery Supermarket School Architecture material shop Restaurant Football pitch get up farm tree tree tree Tree Outdoor Space Living Space courtyard courtyard Courtyard Extensibility Living Units Courtyards Sitting Area residence benches take a walk go to the market rest lunch/ noon break clean the yard chatting dinner watch TV Boundary of the town Main Entrance Secondary entrance Sight Blocking
Element
Expansion Site A
Flow lines. Circulation has been addressed by a
that is divided into three sections providing access to the three residential units.
central trunk line
PROGRAMME AND AREA TABLE (m2) 1. MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION AREA 1.1 Lobby 23.4 1.2 Multi-purpose room 26.8 1.3 Reception 7.2 1.4 Administration Office 11.5 1.5 Management Office 8.7 1.6 Meeting room 15 1.7 Co-ordinator's Office 9.5 1.8 General archive 8.5 1.9 Toilets adapted 8.7 2. AREA OF HOMES AND SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE 20 USERS MODULE (x3) 2.1 Single room with bathroom (x16) 17 2.2 Double room with bathroom (x2) 24.1 2.3 Geriatric bathroom 13.8 2.4 Living room 59.6 2.5 Control unit 23.5 2.6 Infirmary 17 2.7 Material store 4.5 2.8 Cleaning office+dirty linen+clean linen 19.5 2.9 Personal and common toilets 4 3. GENERAL SERVICES AREA 3.1 Kitchen 60.4 3.2 Laundry+ironing room +Clean linen+Dirty linen 60.2 3.3 General store 13.3 3.4 Cleaning store 13.4 3.5 Garbage room 16.2 2 4. SPECIFIC SERVICES AREA 4.1 Occupational therapy 27.2 4.2 Physiotherapy rehabilitation 39.8 4.3 Medical office 10 4.4 Treatment room 10 4.5 Social worker's office 10 4.6 Psychologist's office 10 4.7 Pharmacy 10 4.8 Hairdresser's chiropody 18.5 4.9 Toilets adapted M/F (x2) 5.5 5. STAFF AREA 5.1 Staff rest room and canteen 28.7 5.2 Meeting room 24 5.3 Changing rooms and toilets 30.1 6. SERVICES AND FACILITIES AREA 6.1 Computer equipment 5 6.2 General services 20.6 6.3 Maintenance services 15.9 7. OTHER 7.1 Dining room 71,3 7.2 Rest/lounge/TV room 55,4 7.3 Toilets 8.4 74. Geriatric bathroom 8.4 TOTAL CONSTRUCTED AREA 2884 1. Plan 2. Section A-A' 3. Elevation B N 1 A' 3 2.9 2.9 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.7 6.1 6.3 7.2 2.5 4.8 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.9 4.9 6.2 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.4 1.3 1.1 A 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.8 5.3 5.3 5.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.2 7.3 7.4 3.2 1.9 1.9 5.2 7.1 2.8 2.9 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.7 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.4 (X2)
Constraction Details
01. Green Roofs
A green roof improves the energy performance of a building complex. It reduces heat gain in summer (95%) and heat loss in winter (26%). It also improves storm water management and reduces the urban heat island effect.
02. Cladding
Single layer hot clay wall, SATE envelope and lime based cladding. Reduces thermal bridging, high thermal inertia and hygrothermal control.
03. Solar protection
Wooden roller shutters, combined with the deep geometry of the promenade, protect the interior from excessive solar radiation in summer. The position of the roller shutter in the open position also promotes cross ventilation.
04.
Load-bearing walls
Load-bearing walls made of hot clay, a naturally sourced material with a long life and high thermal inertia, combine responsible mining with an efficient production process that uses few resources and energy.
05.
Thermal inertia
Concrete paving is recommended to provide high thermal inertia to the equipment, allowing it to withstand direct radiation in winter and to store the night-time coolness generated by crossventilation in summer.
06. Courtyards
The courtyard provides bioclimatic benefits. The native vegetation produces a microclimate that accumulates fresh air in the lower areas and reduces the need for cooling in the summer.
Unit for two persons
Detailed Section
05.
06.
04. 03. 02. 01.
03. 04. 01. 01. 05. 02.
Suzhou2020 Shared Housing on the Market
Individual work
Autumn semester of 2021
Theme: Residence / Technology and Tradition / Shared market
Type: Residence and Market
Site: Suzhou, China
Tutor: Juan Yruela Castillo
The project is located at the junction of the old urban area and the new urban area of Suzhou, close to the moat and Riverside Park of Suzhou. The project requires to design a residential area combining residence and business based on architectural typology to meet the needs of three categories of people, business travelers, visiters and students. The residential area contains at least two types of accommodation and more than one courtyard. In the process of design, I started with the rivers in Suzhou and the traditional life in Suzhou to form a commercial space walking with water and a residential space combined with courtyard. Bring rivers into the site forms a variety of relationships with water sources, reflecting the relationship between traditional Suzhou folk dwelings and water. The combination of residential area and courtyard adds public space for residents, and different small building units meet the needs of different groups through different combinations.
River system analysis City features around the site
The community around the site is relatively dense, but there are few markets and the market exsist now is not in good quality.
Proportion of people in different periods
Surroundings around the site
River Activity area
Dwellings and canals
The site is located in Suzhou osmanthus Park, surrounded by a large number of plants, so it is necessary to combine greening with architecture.
Initial Ideas
River is an important element near the site, so it is necessary to integrate this element into the site.
Site
Greening Local people around Target users
1. Find the connect between river and the site
1. Clean market space will facilitate the life of surrounding residents and attract more people.
1. Clean market space will facilitate the life of surrounding residents and attract more people.
2. Shared courtyard provides multi-functional activity space
use
Through the analysis of urban structure, courtyard and canal are the two most important elements in residential buildings. There are large and small courtyards in the middle of the houses, and most of them are built near the water. This layout is obvious in the center of the city, and the area near the moat is more modern.
Activities related to courtyards
Activities related to canals
2. Muti-level activity space
3. The roof garden is connected with the surrounding greening.
There is no comfortable activity space for the elderly and entertainment space for children near the site. The interior of the site is not well utilized, and most of the space is used for planting and parking. Natural environment living space market
Lifestyle comparison
Traditional Lifestyle in Suzhou
Morden Life
Close Neighborhood
In Suzhou's traditional houses, people live by the river. Several families share the kitchen and cook together. The neighborhood relationship is close.
Design Strategy
Indifference relationship
People's lives are more fragmented and there is often a lack of communication between neighbors. Maybe for a long time, the two families as neighbors will not know each other.
Bring river into the site
Using the space near the water to build shops and creating special space experience. It echoes the life in the old city.
Combining dwellings and markets
The upper floor can be used as the residential area, and the lower floor as the activity area and market area.The market can serve as a place for different residents to communicate with each other, so it is a important part of the project.
Courtyard
Courtyards are rarely used in modern communities. Now we will re apply the courtyard elements to set up two types of courtyards, public and private.
Centralized Market
The commercial area is usually outside the residential area, and the residential area and commercial area are relatively independent. Sometimes residents need to drive to these areas, which is not very convenient for them.
Water Market
People can buy what they want directly near their homes. The business areas is closely connected by rivers.
Shared Courtyard
People can chat and communicate in the courtyard, which is a prominent feature of Suzhou traditional residence. Courtyards of different sizes and functions can make residential areas very interesting.
Public activity area
Add some public activity areas in the residential area to facilitate the life of residents.
Private Balconies
In modern residential buildings, most families have private balconies and no courtyard that can be shared with neighbors. The housing type is relatively independent.
Users and living units
By analyzing the needs of different target groups,we can get the needs of residential areas and the activity routes of target groups, and then make different combinations of their living units through these needs.
The combination of spaces is more intensive and does not require large communal spaces.
The rotating combination space is used so that each unit is relatively more independent and has a more spacious shared space.
The combination of spaces is relatively compact, while providing some shared courtyards to increase activity space.
Single Room Single Room Single Room Double Room Double Room Double Room
Unit Plans
Business travelers Fast living Low demand for public space Tourists More space requirements More courtyard space required Students Limited budget More shared space is acceptable Age Age Age Living Space Required Living Space Living Space Living Space Market Market Market Living Requirement Living Requirement Living Requirement Living Space Required Living Space Required Active Time Active Time Active Time Private vs Public Private vs Public Private vs Public Use of Pubic Yard Use of Pubic Yard Use of Pubic Yard 25-45 lower requirement for public space more public yards more public yards more access to market visit market at night fast way to go out 3-60 18-25 0 0 0 6 6 6 12 12 12 18 18 18 24 24 24 18-36m2 32-64m2 18-36m2 rare rare rare often often often
