uschwitz
Was a network of concentration camps operated by Nazi Germany in World War 2. It was the largest of the camps consisting of Auschwitz 1, Auschwitz 2 (Birkenau), and Auschwitz 3 Monowitz (Monowitz-Buna), and 45 other satellite camps.
ergen-Belsen
Was a concentration camp built in 1940 in northwest Germany. Located between the towns of Bergen and Belsen, it served as a “prisoner-of-war� camp for French and Belgium prisoners.
oncentration Camps
A camp where civilians, enemy aliens, political prisoners, and sometimes prisoners of war are detained and confined, typically under harsh conditions.
- Day
June 6, 1944, 160,000 Allied troops landed along a 50mile stretch of heavily-fortified French coastline to fight Nazi Germany on the beaches of Normandy, France.
Isenhower, Dwight D.
After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Eisenhower was assigned to the General Staff in Washington, where he served until June 1942 with responsibility for creating the major war plans to defeat Japan and Germany.
rank Family
The Franks were a Jewish family that lived in Frankfurt, Germany and later went into hiding during World War 2. They are most famously known for the diary which Anne Frank kept that documented most of their journey during that time.
estapo
The Gestapo, or “Secret State Police�, were the official secret police of Nazi Germany. Although the Gestapo is commonly associated with SS leader Heinrich Himmler, it was actually founded by Hermann Goring in April of 1933.
olocaust
The Holocaust was the destruction of 6 million European Jews and many others during World War 2. It was seen as a systematic state-sponsored mass murder by Nazi Germany and Adolf Hitler.
nternment Camps (Japanese)
On February 19,1942 Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a evacuation order to round up 120,000 people of Japanese heritage to one of ten internment camps during the second world war.
udaism
Judaism is the religion and way of life of the Jewish people. Originating in the Hebrew Bible, it is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the relationship between God and the “Children of Israel�.
ristallnacht
Known as the Night of Broken Glass, on November 9, 1938, nearly 200 synagogues were destroyed and 8,000 Jewish shops were looted. Tens of thousands of Jews were removed and taken to concentration camps during the riots that night.
uftwaffe
The German Luftwaffe was one of the strongest most battle-experienced air forces during World War 2. Unveiled in 1935, it’s purpose was to support Adolf Hitler’s “Blitzkrieg” across Europe.
engele, Joseph.
Joseph Mengele was one of the most infamous men associated with the death camps during World War 2. Mengele was known for his experiments on young children at Auschwitz-Birkenau. He experimented on three-thousand sets of twins at the camp, subjecting them to blood transfusions from one twin to the other, and injection of lethal germs.
azi Party
The Nazi Party was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. The party was created by Anton Drexler as a way of drawing workers away from communism and into racist German nationalism.
ppenheimer
Julius Robert Oppenheimer was an American professor of physics at the University of California in Berkeley. He is often called the “father of the atomic bomb� for his role in the project that developed the first nuclear weapons during World War 2.
artisan Fighters
The Partisans were a communist-led World War 2 resistance movement in Yugoslavia. They were the military arm of the Peoples Liberation Front in Yugoslavia, and their commander was Marshal Josip Broz Tito. The Partisans job was to create a communist state in Yugoslavia.
ueen Wilhelmina
At the time of the German Invasion she decided to bring comfort to the oppressed people of Holland by radio broadcasting her inspiring and cheerful messages to those who needed them.
esistance Movement (in Europe)
The Resistance Movement in Europe played an important part in ridding Germany’s armies of their power. The movement helped by communicating information to the allies and openly attacked the Germans. Even though the people of the movement could be caught and killed, there were resistance movements in all Nazioccupied countries.
chindler, Oskar
Oskar Schindler was a German industrialist who saved 1,100 Jews by employing them in his ammunition factories in Poland. He went our of his way to protect “his Jews� from the danger of being killed.
reblinka
Treblinka was established in 1941 as a forced labor camp. The Treblinka 2 would serve as a elimination center for the Jews of central Europe.
-boats (German)
The U-boats were military submarines operated by Germany during World War 2. Germany had the largest submarine fleet in World War 2. U-boat warfare was a major component in the Battle of the Atlantic during the second World War.
ersailles Treaty.
The Treaty of Versailles was the peace settlement signed after World War 1. It was signed at the Versailles Palace in Paris between the Allies and Germany.
arsaw ghetto
It was the largest of all Jewish Ghettos in Nazi Europe during World War 2. 400,000 Jews were crammed into an area of 1.3 square miles. 254,000 of the residents were sent to Treblinka during the summer of 1942.
-ray
A group of naturalists gathered several hundred bats which they would attach special explosives filled with kerosene. The first tests of the “bat-bombs” were disastrous. The bats couldn’t fly and plummeted to their deaths out of the planes. The Marines who took over the experiment renamed it Project X-Ray which was eventually dismissed.
ellow Star of David
The yellow star, inscribed with the word “Jude�, has become a symbol of Nazi persecution. The oppression and labeling of the Jews by use of the badge did not begin until after the start of World War 2. It began as local laws rather than as a unified Nazi policy.
ionism
It was the national movement for the return of the Jewish people to their homeland and the resumption of Jewish customs and living in Israel. Jews, religious and secular, joined together to form the Zionist Movement.
ETHICAL QUESTIONS: 1. Was it okay for the Nazis and some of the Jews to go along with the evil deeds that were being asked of them even though they feared for their lives? 2. Because of the information gained by the experiments done on the Jewish people, is it right to use the medical information in our own medical and scientific practices today? 3. When feeling the pressures of economic hardships, was it right for the Germans to seek revenge over those that they felt were the cause of their economic dilemma? CONNECTIONS: 1. The Jewish people were forced into the ghettos and now people still have a hard time getting away from the stereotype of living in poverty. 2. The Frank Family resembles the family in Number the Stars for their courage and bravery and willingness to help those that needed them. 3. Joseph Schindler reminds me of Severus Snape from Harry Potter because he seemed to be on the evil side, which would be like Snape following Voldemort, but really he set out to help the ones on the good side, just as Snape Helps Dumbledore and Harry. UNANSWERED QUESTIONS: 1. Did any of the Nazi soldiers want to overcome Hitler and become even more powerful than he was? 2. Did America really know what was going on in that time, or did they just ignore it all? 3. Would the Frank Family and Anne have been forgotten if not for the diary Anne kept and later Otto Frank finished?
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