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- ,,, commissions have been permitted to exceed the 25 percent limit under "extraordinary circumstances". "This provision was used to create five of the 295 seats in the Canadian House of Commons in 1987, and two of 301 seats in 1996. In 1996, one Quebec seat was created with a population 40.2 percent below the provincial average and one Newfoundland district was created with a population 62.5 percent below the provincial average. " ~UI ~Lill J

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In Germany, like Canada, districts are not to deviate from the electoral quota by more than 25 percent. It is not until a district deviates by more than 33 percent, however, that the law requires that a district be redrawn. The German legislature, which must approve any proposed federal districting plan before it can be implemented, often refrains from adopting district modifications recommended by the Electoral Districts Commission until a district deviates by 33 percent or more . .,~~, ~LiI' J -...

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