CONNECT
Attenborough Nature Reserve Young-Kyung Kim
CONTENTS
01
Site Research
02
Design Research
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03
Design Process
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04
2 Persons Cabin
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4 Persons Cabin
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BRIEF
A cabin designed for relaxation for visitors in a quite riverside setting in Attenborough Nature Reserve. The design proposal aims at creating a sustainable connection between the nature reserve and the cabin. It uses available resources by surrounding area such as water, sunshine, air and heat generated by nature, suggests connectivity to nature for the purpose of the site, and addresses the preservation of natural surroundings. In particular, the project consists of examining the use of sustainable materials and architectural design details to find the most eco-friendly way possible with modern technology in the design of the project. The cabins are designed for two and four people. It was carefully located to take advantage of a variety views and the sloping terrain. There is a terrace in the direction of the river, and the sloping structure forms an atmosphere of space by creating different heights and facilitates natural lighting and ventilation systems.
01 Site Research
To r t o n
Manor Farm Open Space
Site Research
8
Attenborough Nature Re Attenborough Nature Centre
Long Eaton
Beeston
Chilwell Manor Golf Course
Clifton Woods Local Nature Reserve
Clifton
eserve
Barton 0
100
250
500
Site Research
9
Site Research
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2
3
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CONTEXTUAL SITE MAP
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Natural Trail
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Bird Hide
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2 Persons Cabin
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Observation Platform
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4 Persons Cabin
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Deck
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175
Site Research
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250
WIND AND SUN PATH ANALYSIS
Site Research
12
The figure on the right indicates the sun path and wind throughout the year. During the winter, strong winds from the northwest blow to the site. And in the summer, the wind blows out of the river. The project uses these materials to design the ventilation system. The site is designed to completely welcome the sun during the four seasons, prevent winter winds and embrace summer breezes.
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IN TE R
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DEC 13
VIEW AND BLOCKING ANALYSIS
Site Research
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The view of the site highlights Coneries pond, Ere wash field and reedbed. It is a context that takes into consideration the unique characteristics of the Attonborough Nature Reserve. As a result, this provide a view that satisfies the needs of those who come to the holiday cabin. In addition, by defining the features of the site as a commercial area, it is situated not far from the Attenborough Nature Centre. It doesn’t make people have to walk along with their luggage too far. In particular, since it is a natural park based mainly on bird watching and tracking, it is important to block the eyes of tourists. The site considers the direction that uses trees and terrain to block the eyes of tourists.
Attenborough Nature Centre
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Site Research
NER
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Site Research
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40m
20m
ACCESS POINT (TRAKING) + EXISTING BUILDING The site plan follows axes of existing buildings. And the main access from Barton Lane connects the Attenborough train station and the Attenborough Nature Centre.
GREENERY + REEBED In the landscape surrounding the site, there are dense trees alongside the river. On the left side of the site, there is a reeds across the pond.
WATER The site faces the Coneries Pond and the Trent River flows to the side.
CONTEXT OF THE SITE : EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC MAPPING
Site Research
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02 Design Research
1 TIMBER STRUCTURE : TIMBER FRAMING ANALYSIS
Design Research
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The timber structure of the cabin is based on the contents of the figure shown on the right. As the site is located in a muddy place, it is based on a foundation constructed from wood, steel and concrete. The post is made of 190 mm wood and a panel filled with thermal insulation between the plywood is placed between the timber studs. In addition, a waterproofing membrane is installed inside, considering that it is located on the riverside and has a lot of rain. Both the cabin structure is connected to the exposed timber joist. It also supports the roof structure, which includes a drainage system and timber pedestals (Raised Acess Roof) for recessed ceiling lighting.
RIDGE CAP ROOF SHEETING
PURLINE
WEB RAFTER HANING BEAM
KING POST HANING BEAM QUEEN POST POST TOP PLATE STUD PLYWOOD
BRACE BOTTOM PLATE
FOUNDATION PINE WOOD CLADDING STUD
Design Research
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2 MATERIALS : CLADDING AND INTERIOR FINISH Consideration for Materials Selection
Cladding
Is it sustainable material? Does it have acceptable natural durability and moisture resistance caused by lake and ponds in the attenborough Nature Reserve? Color harmonies of materials
20mm VERTICAL WESTERN RED CED
Design Research
22
Western Red Cedar has excellent d shrinks and swells minimally in servic ern Red Cedar also resists absorption at 6-10% moisture content was left found to have a moisture content of 9
LIME RENDER
Lime based rendering is used extens ration of old and historic buildings. It tally sustainable and friendly alterna It is breathable so prevents problems the wall.
dimensional stability which means it ce due to changes in humidity. Westn of moisture – in a test dried timber t covered outside for one year and 9-11% which then remained constant.
sively in the conservation and restooffers an attractive and environmenative to concrete based plaster work. s with moisture getting trapped within
18mm BIRCH PLYWOOD INTERIOR WALL FINISH Birch plywood is probably the most widely used as it is hard, stable, affordable, and readily available. Though it is closely related to Oakwood, it is much harder.
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Design Research
DAR WOOD CLADDING
Interior Finish
20mm OAK ENGINEERED WOOD FLOORING FINISH Oak engineered wood flooring is strong, durable and extremely easy to install. It is also easy to install, with tongue and groove technology to help the boards clip together without much fuss. It is made up of a number of layers which is compressed. So, the wood is far less likely to split or bend.
3 GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP : ECO HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM The flow of heat from Earth’s interior to the surface is estimated at 47 terawatts. The ground absorbs nearly half of the solar energy the planet receives. As a result, the Earth remains at a constant, moderate temperature just below its surface year-round. Geothermal heat pumps take advantage of the moderate temperatures typically found at shallow depths to boost efficiency and reduce the operational costs of architectural heating and cooling systems. By drilling deeper down, but still within the crust, much higher temperatures can be harnessed to help generate power that can in turn provide industrial and even community-wide levels of heating and cooling.
Design Research
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Figure 1. Construction Image of Geothermal Heat Pump System (Aimone, S.,2019)
Warm air circulates through the building
Cool air circulates through the building
HEAT PUMP WATER PIPES
Heat is abosrbed from the ground
Heat is dispersed into the ground
Figure 2. Diagram of Near surface Heating and Cooling Geothermal System
Open Loop
Vertical (Closed Loop)
Pond/Lake (Closed Loop)
Horizontal (Closed Loop)
Figure 3. Four Basic Types of Geothermal Heat Pump System, U.S. Department Of Energy, 2017
POND/LAKE GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP Since the Caneries Pond and Trent River pass near the site, a pond/lake geothermal heating system is going to be used to provide energy efficient heating and cooling. Water-based geothermal systems can be designed to use water from a well as a source and sink, a pond or lake as a source and sink, or a well as the source and a pond or lake as the sink. â–¸ Advantage : Open loop geothermal systems use groundwater, which acts as a refrigerant to transfer thermodynamic energy. Because water is an excellent thermal conductor and groundwater is naturally insulated and much closer in temperature to the surrounding ground. â–¸ Disadvantage : The disadvantage to open loop systems is the water itself. The water running through the coaxial heat exchanger needs to be high quality and have little sediment or it can foul the heat exchanger and shutdown the heat pump.
Design Research
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4 SOLAR PANEL : SUSTAINABLE ENERGY Solar panels work by allowing particles of light, called photons, to knock electrons from their atomic orbitals. When this occurs, a flow of electricity is generated, and this electricity is harnessed and preserved as electrical energy.
Design Research
26
Figure 4. Diagram of Proper Angle for Solar Panel, Euronews, 2020
WINTER
74°
AUTUMN/SPRING
SUMMER
51°
28°
Figure 5. Diagram of Proper Angle for Solar Panel
A
B
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A. ROOF SURFACE B. RAFTERS SUPPORTING ROOF SURFACE C. SOLAR PANEL D. Grounding Wire connected to each rail and module E. RACKINGS F. MOUNTS : Lag Screws through mount and flashing into underlying rafter
Figure 6. Diagram of Solar Panel Installation Detail
Design Research
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5 Rainwater Harvesting : SUSTAINABLE RECYCLED WATER The collection of rain water requires gathering water from roofs and hard standings and storing this water for later use. The recycled rain water can be reused for toilet flushing, laundry, and irrigation. ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪
Reduced mains water consumption and costs Reduced environmental impact Continuity of water supply for irrigation Reduced storm water to drain/flooding
Roof Structure + Gutter
Design Research
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Diverter Conveyance
Re-Use Underground Water Tanks
Figure 7. Diagram of Rainwater Harvesting System
Design Research
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Figure 8. Installation Process of Underground Tanks, Pullen, T., 2017
03 Design Process
DESIGN PROCESS (2 PERSONS CABIN) : FORM
Design Process
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The gap between the two spaces creates an interesting flow both inside and outside.
Recognizing the importance of thin weather, the gap is closed and the c areas is strengthened.
nking about the rainy and cold connection between two separate
Design Process
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For a more interesting form of design, there are two overlapping slopes. In addition, the slope that goes down to the terrace and becomes flat is designed to give direction to the viewpoint of the river.
DESIGN PROCESS (2 PERSONS CABIN) : INTERACTION BETWEEN SPACE AND VIEW
Design Process
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PROCESS
REALISA
ATION
Design Process
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COMMUNICATION
DESIGN PROCESS (4 PERSONS CABIN) : FORM
Design Process
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Design Process
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The resulting design maintains the shape of the first floor, but extends the space towards the river to smooth the flow from the ground floor to the first floor. The external staircase, which can be accessed from the terrace, is also brought into the interior, creating a flow in the interior. In particular, it adds an interesting shadow shape to the long building by adding a push-and-pull method to the existing shape.
DESIGN PROCESS (4 PERSONS CABIN) : INTERACTION BETWEEN SPACE AND VIEW
Design Process
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PROCESS
REALISA
ATION
Design Process
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COMMUNICATION
04 2 Persons Cabin
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1 BEDROOM 2 BATHROOM 3 LIVING AREA 4 KITCHEN 5 DINING AREA 6 TERRACE
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OVERALL ISO
The two persons cabin has a structure in which two slopes overlap, where the two overlap, and is divided into a living space (living area+
OMETRIC VIEW
a gentle slope and a steep slope. A hallway is created in the space +kitchen+dining) on the right and a private space (bedroom) on the
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EXPLODED ISOMETRIC VIEW
ROOF STRUCTURE Four solar panels are installed on the roof to provide sufficient energy to the cabin. It can be adjusted from the inside depending on the season. In addition, the sloped roof has a waterproof structure, so it has a proper system for wet and rainy areas. The drainage system is planted on the roof structure to collect rainwater into the underground water tank. It is possible to obtain enough water to support the building by using the gutters and aluminium upstands.
TIMBER STRUCTURE The timber frame supports the roof at 400 mm intervals based on the shape of the cabin. The beams and posts are doubled to support a high slope (wall height 2.9-4.7m). The timber in the angled structure is made of laminated wood.
GROUND FLOOR Centred on the hallway that is visible when entering from the main entrance, the bedroom on the left and the common area are on the right.
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â— ELEVATION A The main entrance creates a semi-internal space before entering the building. It is created by the extended part of the building which is sloped. The place becomes where people can remove the mud on thier shoes and tidy up their clothes before entering the interior. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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◠ELEVATION B A concrete foundation is installed under a terrace structure that extends along the river. This terrace is used as a view to watch the river and observe wildlife. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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ELEVATION C â–ˇ The material division highlights the structure in the middle with a low slope. This connects the overlapping slopes naturally. In addition, the depth of each structure is different in order to create an interesting appearance. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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ELEVATION D â–ˇ A waterproof structure is implemented under the roof structure of the cabin, which is finished with timber panels, to allow effective drainage. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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◠SECTION E-E’ Most of the interior walls are made of plywood, an eco-friendly material. It offers a view of the river from the window of the kitchen. This allows people to look out while eating or cooking. The linear LED light is mounted above the kitchen counter. This brings the corner and the open store on the right side of the kitchen to light.
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◠SECTION F-F’ This section is an image that describes entry view of the building. As soon as people enter, people can see the field view directly and a side storage allows people to store items needed for outdoor clothing or activities.The living area is divided into timber posts to provide a sense of privacy. There is also a picturesque view behind a window seating that leads people to sit and rest next to nature. The light from the kitchen window does not reach the dining area, so a linear window is placed next to the terrace door to let the light enter the dining area. Additionally, a pendant light is installed over the desk to further light up the space.
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LIGHTING DESIGN
Recessed Lighting Pendant Lights Table Lamp LED Lighting
NATURAL LIGHTS : EXTERIOR / BEDROOM / LIVING AREA
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INTERNAL VIEW : BEDROOM Wall Finish : Birch Plywood / Lime Plaster Ceiling : Birch Plywood Flooring : Oak Engineered
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INTERNAL VIEW : HALLWAY Wall Finish : Birch Plywood Ceiling : Birch Plywood Flooring, Posts : Oak Engineered
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INTERNAL VIEW : LIVING AREA Wall Finish : Lime Plaster Ceiling : Birch Plywood Flooring : Oak Engineered Window Seating : Birch Plywood
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INTERNAL VIEW : KITCHEN Wall Finish : Birch Plywood / Lime Plaster Ceiling : Birch Plywood Flooring : Oak Engineered
EXTERNAL VIEW
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05 4 Persons Cabin
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1 BEDROOM 2 BATHROOM 3 KITCHEN 4 OUTDOOR STORAGE 5 DINING AREA 6 LIVING AREA 7 TERRACE
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8 BEDROOM 9 TERRACE
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OVERALL ISO
The four persons cabin has a long rectangular shape. It is designed t behind the rectangular form allows the diff
OMETRIC VIEW
to give clear direction to the river. In particular, the sloping space put ference in appearance of the flat structure.
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EXPLODED ISOMETRIC VIEW ROOF STRUCTURE The drainage system is planted on the roof structure to collect rainwater into the underground water tank. It is possible to obtain enough water to support the building by using the gutters and aluminium upstands.
TIMBER STRUCTURE
FIRST FLOOR The first floor is simply composed of a bedroom, a hallway and a terrace. The small diagonal window comes from the upper wall of the ground floor structure. It’s finished with glass, so people can see the common area (kitchen) to figure out what is going on downstairs when they are coming out of the bedroom.
ROOF STRUCTURE Four solar panels are installed on the roof to provide sufficient energy to the cabin. It can be adjusted from the inside depending on the season. In addition, the sloped roof has a waterproof structure, so it has a proper system for wet and rainy areas.
TIMBER STRUCTURE The timber in the angled structure is made of laminated wood.
GROUND FLOOR The ground floor has a kitchen, a dining area, a living room, and staircase on either side of the long hallway. The aim is to minimize the movement of visitors by simplifying the structure. In addition, it is easily accessible to all areas and the separation of each space is also effective.
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4 Persons Cabin
The outdoor area on the first floor is more involved and socialises space. It has fireplace and outdoor chairs. People will actively socialise in this space while watching the beautiful scenery from the terrace.
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◠ELEVATION A The ground floor is 2.6 m height and the first floor is 3.7 m height. The height of the floors is planned differently to achieve a balanced structure. In particular, the bedroom on the second floor is drawn to create an interesting shadow, supported by five timber posts. This structure creates a ceiling for the main entrance that is connected to the deck. The place becomes where people can remove the mud on thier shoes and tidy up their clothes before entering the interior. It is also used as an outdoor storage area for items that are difficult to access inside, such as camping materials or bicycles. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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◠ELEVATION B People primarily come to the cabin in the Attenborough Nature Reserve to enjoy wildlife and nature. Both spaces are therefore designed by notice of the purpose of the visitor. However, the one on the ground floor is calmer and a spot to enjoy wildlife right next to the sound of the flowing water. On the one hand, on the first floor, it’s mostly about socialising while enjoying nature. It is more spacious and has more activities to fulfil the above purpose. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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ELEVATION C â–ˇ The left side of the building faces the coneries pond. So the terrace is widened to catch the view of the beautiful pond. The sloping structure with 4 solar panels is located in the centre of the building. The high-level window is designed to provide adequate ventilation. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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ELEVATION D □ Each shape has a different depth, height, and material. Mainly, consideration was given to the depth of the building and the variety of shapes. The two windows are placed in the bedroom on the ground floor, but as there is a space in contact with the deck, there is a gap of 1 m between the deck and the building to enhance privacy, and the vegetation would be planted to obstruct the view of the pedestrians. Cladding : Vertical Western Red Cedar wood / Lime Render Deck : Pressure-Treated Lumber
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◁ SECTION E-E’ The double-height wall and the double-storey structure are supported by exposed timber joists. It also provides a comfortable environment with wooden materials. In addition, a timber posts are set up to firmly support the two-story building, separating the kitchen from the hallway. Long windows, which are positioned in a low-level of the hallway, are used proper ventilation. (The wind moves from the lower window on the right to the higher window on the left.) People can also check the objects in the outdoor storage through this window. The first floor, made up of a simple structure, is also planned to improve the use of space by furnishing, so that various activities can take place. For example, in the bedroom, there is a seating area in front of a large window. It creates a space where you can see nature and enjoy personal and peaceful activities.
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◠SECTION F-F’ The spaces are arranged along the hallway. It is designed to create a simple but interesting shape with a variety of perspectives and the use of different light forms. The living area on the left has seats for 6 people and a long window lined with the scenery of the coneries pond. The bedroom on the right side is designed to create a private environment, avoiding direct access form the entrance. The space in the form of a sloping ceiling in the middle is a particularly highlighted. It is designed at an angle that is not too gentle to add interesting elements to the flat space. In order to minimize the rapid shift of the slope insdie the building, the walls of the kitchen are unified with pale birch plywood, which creats calmer atmosphere.
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Recessed Lighting Pendant Lights Table Lamp LED Lighting
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LIGHTING DESIGN
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NATURAL LIGHTS : LIVING AREA / HALLWAY / KITCHEN
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NATURAL LIGHTS : BEDROOM (Reedbed View)
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NATURAL LIGHTS : HALLWAY (Lights into the concrete stair)
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INTERNAL VIEW : LIVING AREA Wall Finish : Birch Plywood / Lime Plaster Ceiling : Birch Plywood Flooring : Concrete
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INTERNAL VIEW : KITCHEN Wall Finish : Birch Plywood Ceiling : Oak Engineered Flooring : Concrete
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INTERNAL VIEW : HALLWAY / STAIR Wall Finish : Birch Plywood / Lime Plaster Ceiling : Birch Plywood Flooring : Concete Staircase : Concrete
EXTERNAL VIEW
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JUN 2020