YOUREE HONG
PORTFOLIO Master of Architecture University of Southern California
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Resume Youree Hong LEED GA youriuriur@gmail.com 123 S. Figueroa St Apt #937 Los Angeles CA, 90012 (253)-320-3500
Education
Univesrity of Southern California, Los Angeles Master of Architecture 2014 Landscape Certificate University of Washington, Seattle Bachelor of Art, June 2011
Major in Architecture Rome Program, Fall 2010
Works
Summer internship at PAR (Platform for Architects and Research)
Computer Skills
Rhinoceros, Auto CAD, Revit Architecture, Grasshopper, Photoshop, Illustrator, Indesign, After Effects, Ecotect, Sketchup
Awards
University of Southern California Department of Architecture Scholarship 2012-2014 Seoul Urban Design Competition 2013 1st Round Accepted The C. Richard Meyer Memorial Endowed Scholarship 2010 Korean Women’s Association Scholarship 2005
Activities/ Volunteer works
Goodnews Corps - Volunteer work in China 2007 International Youth Fellowship in UW USC KGSA (Korean Graduate Student Association) Treasurer 2013-2014 President : 2005-2007 Member : 2007-2009
May-August 2013 Competition: Tai-Chung Cultural Center
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Contents Academic Works Fracturing Reflections Urban Co-habitation Center Transitional Library The Nexus
8-29 30-41 42-51 52-61
Healthy Living Furnitures
62-67 68-69
Professional Work Taichung Cultural Center
72-75
Research Layering Of Historical City Walls In Urban Cities
78-85
Artworks Spatial Drawings Personal Artworks
88-89 90-91
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Academic
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Works
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SPATIAL SPATIAL SPATIALSYNTHESIS SYNTHESIS SYNTHESIS NARATIVE NARATIVE NARATIVE
aww.. aww.. this traffic aww.. this traffic this is traffic is is killingkilling me..killing I better me.. Ime.. better notI better not not fall asleep.. fall asleep.. fall asleep..
is almost is almost looks is almost like looks a mirror looks like a like mirror cave! a mirror cave! cave! I’m not I’m sure not what I’msure not that what sure is what that but itisthat will butisitbut willit will be fun to be clime funbe toup fun clime there! to clime up there! up there!
! !! oh wait.. ohwhat wait.. ohiswait.. what that?what is that? is that? am i seeing am i an seeing am illusion? i seeing an illusion? an illusion?
Fracturing Reflections
CONCEPT/ CONCEPT/ CONCEPT/ DESIGN DESIGN DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT DEVELOPEMENT DEVELOPEMENT
Visual Visual Visual Effects Effects Effects
Issues Issues Issues
Program: ARCH 605b ? ?? Instructor: Larry Scarpa, Teressa Year: 2014 Spring Team members: Youree Hong, Hyun Jung, Binglin Li Advertising Advertising Advertising
MakeMake Still Make Image StillStill Image Image
ART ARTART
Existing Existing Existing Bulding Bulding Bulding - Plain - Plain - Plain no outside/inside no outside/inside no outside/inside connection connection connection no reference no reference no reference on programs on programs on programs
StepStep 1.Step Image 1. Image 1. Image Resource-Context Resource-Context Resource-Context
HowHow to bring How to bring to things bring things together? things together? together?
StepStep 2.Step Make 2. Make 2. Make It Dynamic It Dynamic It Dynamic
Abundant Abundant Abundant and Alive andand Alive Alive
TV TV TV
Deconstruction Deconstruction Deconstruction of the of the of Urban the Urban Urban Context Context Context
incident incident rays incident rays rays
reflection reflection reflection fromfrom onefrom angle oneone angle - one angle - image one - one image image
angleangle variation angle variation variation - several - several - images several images images
Diamond Diamond Diamond -like -like Texture: -like Texture: Texture: reflecting reflecting reflecting universally universally universally
Fracturing Refelctions is a modular system of reflective surfaces that aggregate to create a source of visual delight and aesthetic impact.
Response Response Response to the to the to Inside the Inside Inside
Communication Communication Communication withwith the with the Outside the Outside Outside
BLDGBLDG BLDG
FACAD FACAD FACAD
FWYFWYFWY
Fracturing Reflections is a part of Howard Hughes Center near freeway I-405. With hundreds of cars passing by the building every day, the façade facing the freeway has significant impact in the environment. One of the goals for designing a new façade system was improving the link between freeway users and mall visitors. Through connections created with the façade and existing building, the activities in the mall can be revealed to bring attention from drivers and introduce the mall’s activities. Also, since there are lots of cars passing the site by, visual attraction becomes a major design attempt. Fractures of reflecting surfaces of the façade covering the whole building gives illusions and surprises to viewers and becomes an icon. The façade makes the mall expressional, corresponding to the idea of ornaments in a design which adds symbolic and functional significance to a building. Not only figural and expressive, the façade connects the building with the urban context through reflecting the environment around the site, and exclusive structures with density and tension.
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REFERENCES REFERENCES REFERENCES
that wasthat a good was that refresh! a good was arefresh! good refresh! i just cannot i justtake cannot i just mycannot eyes take my off take eyes of my it!off eyes of it! off of it! cant wait cant to visit wait cant there! towait visitto there! visit there!
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NARATIVE
Narrative
Site Plan
SPATIAL SYNTHESIS aww.. this traffic is killing me.. I better not fall asleep..
oh wait.. what is that? am i seeing an illusion?
NARATIVE
TIAL SYNTHESIS
CONCEPT/ DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT
aww.. this traffic is killing me.. I better not fall asleep..
oh wait.. what is that? am i seeing an illusion?
ntext
!
Issues
? is almost looks like a mirror cave! Existing Bulding - Plain I’m not sure what that is but it will no outside/inside connection be fun to clime up there! no reference on programs
!
CONCEPT/ DESIGN DEVELOPEMENT
that was a good refresh! i just cannot take my eyes off of it! cant wait to visit there!
How to bring things together?
oh wait.. what is that? am i seeing an illusion?
Visual Effects
Issues
Advertising Step 1. Image Resource-Context
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VELOPEMENT
de connection programs
is almost looks I’m not sure wha be fun to c
incident rays
ART
REFERENCES
Step 2. Make It Dynamic Make Still Image Abundant and Alive
The project is builtExisting on the northeast From the mundane experience of freeway driving, the new façade Bulding - Plain side of Howard Hugh Center. TV How to bring things together? no outside/inside connection Howard Hugh Center is composed with various restaurants and entergives a surprising moment through reflected and fractured images no reference programs Visualon Effects taining stores, such as Movie Theater, arcades, kids’ playground that of the mall’s surrounding environment. Since those fractures of the Advertising all family can enjoy. The building sits closely along 405 freeway, so façade reflect things in different angles, the façade gives is a chaotic there is no pedestrian access from the northeast side. In other words, and illusional image; reflections of sky, cars, and buildings around Make Still Image ? of the project is mainlyARTrevealed to the traffic on the exterior view as one image that has been repositioned. While the Abundantall and scattered Alive highway. The pedestrians, who access to building from southwest, are façade reflects random angles of surroundings, diamond shaped leadedHow totoplaza at together? lower level. The site isTValso located near Hillside mefractures keep the façade with some level of order within random bring things Step 2. Make It Dynamic Step Image Resource-Context Deconstruction the stands Urban Context morial park across the1.highway, and surrounded by residential houses. triangle fractures of façade surface. Theofmall out from freeangle variation - several images reflection from one angle - one image way, and also from sidewalk level since the façade covers the whole building. This experience of surprise and dynamic views make the incident rays mall outstanding and interesting to bring people’s interest and create an iconic look. 10
Step 2. Make It Dynamic
Deconstruction of the Urban Context
Response to the Inside
REFERENCES Deconstruction of the Urban Context
Communication with the Outside
BLDG FACAD
FWY
Diamond -like Texture: reecting universally
1. Geotube Tower by Faulders Studio 2. Tokyu Plaza Omotesando Harajuku by Hiroshi Nakamura 3. Diamond with fractures
The new facade for the 1-mile long building is designed to provide a whole new experience for drivers on the freeway while creating a positive effect on the urban context. To make the facade abundant, the urban context is converted into a deconstructed image hanging on the facade by using reflective materials which are arranged in the form of fragments. The fragments are relfecting the context from the sky to the ground in different directions. Then the image on Communication with to the Outside the facade will continue change as people driving by and the deconstructed image of the context is successfully rebuilt into a moving image on the new facade. On the facade, there are 2 main elements:1. Diamond-shaped units which have different color and material. The unit follows the form of the fractures and provide variety. 2. There are openings on the facade. Bridges are used to connect the existing builing with the openings. So people inside could get on the bridge to access the openings. Then the comminication between inside and outside is built. Besides of the bridges, there are extension of floor plates between the existing and new facade. Various activities could be arranged in the long and big space which has a high quality both for phisical and phycological usage. During daytime, the facade is reflective to the outside and transparent to the inside. At night, the facade will also be transparent to the outside due to interior BLDG lighting. So the facade could provide different experiences to the drives and the community both day and night. FACAD
FWY
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Elevation
Diamonds Bridges Light Tunnels
Elevation Without Facade
Program Connections
ENTERTAINMENT
PARKING
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PLAZA
While the project is composed with arranged one three-dimensioned panel module, the communication between the façade and the inner space is revealed on the outside of the façade as customized panel. There are three elements on façade: bridges, light tunnels, and diamonds. The bridges, which spatially connect the existing building to façade, allow the visitors to fully experience the abstract illusions on the arbitrary reflective fractures surrounding themselves. The bridge angle is designed to frame the site elements, such as park, highway, residential buildings, garden, sky, etc. It is reflective inside, but also transparent from outside, so visitors in between space can see the people’s reaction inside of the bridge. These bridges are shown on façade as voids mingled with images of people. The light tunnel, which is shown as small scale of the bridge, brings the light into the inside of the existing program. Highly reflective material allows the daylight to run through the in-between space. The third element, which is visually distinctive, are diamonds. These diamonds are not functional, but purely decorative on façade. Diamonds catch the people’s eyes, and visually organize the exterior view. The material of the diamond is perforated metal, which gives distinctive texture from other reflective film to pop the diamonds more. The combination of the rotated modules and the customized modules with these elements forms the elevation.
MOVIE THEATER
Scale 3/64” = 1’
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3-D Facade Module
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Customized Panel
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Although the design is intended for random fractures, the façade is composed with repetition of the three dimensional module for effective installation. The project is using one panel to maximize the efficiency, but one panel module is designed to be rotatable all four ways to preserve the random characteristic on façade. Size of the each square panel is based on the height of the building for reasonable scale of fractures. Drawn on 17ft x 17ft x 6ft 3D grid, the four side edges of the panel are sharing the same shape, so rotated panels can be connected to each other. When the four edges are drawn, the body of the panel is drawn randomly in grid so that the combined module gives arbitrary atmosphere on façade.
Scale 1/192” = 1’
Costomized Panel
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Perforated Metal Sheet Transparent Sheet Costomized Panel
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HIGHWAY
Transparent material with reflective surface
PEDESTRIAN
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SUN PATH DIAGRAM LATITUDE: 33.93 HOURLY DATA: DEW POINT TEMPERATURE LOS ANGELES, CA
Customized Panel
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Plans
Ground Level
Scale 1/192” = 1’
There are several different spatial elements created in between the façade and existing building. While the space in between becomes an open space, bridges on entry level and second level creates overhead spaces in the corridor connecting existing building and the open space. The corridor/public spaces are not continuous, but through connecting different levels vertically, they become interactive spaces to experience of being semiopen space with circulation. Some of the bridges are open to the corridor for circulation, and some of bridges are just open to the freeway. Also, there are overhang box space to look down for different spatial quality and structures, and it becomes connecting space with escalators. Different outline of floor plate surfaces allow visitors to feel the space with better view with full height.
3. 4.
1. 2.
Framing Views
SKY MOUNTAIN
SHOPPING MALL
HOWARD HUGH CENTER HILLSIDE MEMORIAL PARK RESIDENTIAL HOUSES GREEN VALLEY DR. 405 HIGHWAY
GARDEN
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RESIDENTIAL HOUSES BEDFORD AVE.
Each bridges are connections of circulation, as well tools for framing views. Bridges are positioned with angles for specific view points, so that they become not only bridges for circulation within the building and facade, but also bridges to connect surrounding environment.
Entry Level
Upper Level
2.
1.
Detail Plans
Scale 1/48� = 1’
1.
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1. The space between the facade and the building becomes a new public gathering space for visitors. It creates unique environment where it is contained space but open to the air. Visitors can see through the transparent facade looking at the freeway and the environment while occupying the inbetween space. The light can panetrate through cut plane on entry level, down to the ground level. 2. Circulations within the inbetween space makes the space more dynamic through movements of up and down. The layer of bridges and facade structures overhead is how the facade system can be experienced in the space.
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Sections Scale 1.
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Structural Axon 1.
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1. Exterior Wall of Existing Building 2. Spatial Truss 3. Tension Member 4. Facade Frame 5. Facade Surface
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The facade itself is constucted by combing panels. Each panel is built with steel frame and transparent sheets covered by reflective film. The huge facade is a relatively light piece which is hanging on the wall by large scale spatial trusses on the top. Steel strings from different directions provide stability to the hanging structure and give the spetial effect to the in-between space. Spatial trusses are designed to hold the whole facade stracture, spacing 10 feet with various depth according to the width of in between space of facade system and existing building. The spatial truss is also in similar shape as facade fracturing system with triangulated shape for visual consistancy of the structural system.
Layers Of Module
Exterior Wall of Existing Building
Spatial Trusses, Tension Members Facade Frame Facade Surface (Transparent membrane with reflective film, perforated metal sheet)
Detail Frame Connection
Detail Wall Attachment
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Urban Co-habitation Center Program: ARCH 605a Instructor: Tom Kundig, Lisa Little Year: 2013 Fall
This education for chicken husbandry will inform people about how to treat chickens and understand their behavior. The chicken education center includes programs with animal husbandry training areas, sensory education center, interior animal habitat, veterinary office, food hub, administrative office, bio digestion room and mechanical room. The sensory education center will help people to learn about chickens’ behavior better relative to humans’ sensory systems, and the animal husbandry training area will be used for people to learn how to raise chickens at home. The education center will also educate people how we can used chicken waste through a bio-digestion system. Making it visible from the chicken habitat will inform people of the process of bio-digestion. In terms of the form of the center, chickens habitation spaces are organic in shape, avoiding sharp edges for chickens to move around safely in the space. People habitation spaces are either orthogonal spaces or hybrid (in between spaces) between organic and orthogonal spaces in terms of convenience. The building as a whole has a balance between chicken habitat and human habitat, and the form of the building also has a balance between organic and orthogonal shapes to express the idea of mixing two different habitats in one space.
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When When the the weather weather is hot is hot theythey divedive theirtheir beakbeak intointo cold,cold, fresh fresh water water to cool to cool the the blood blood in the in the TheyThey feel feel vibrations vibrations of the of the ground ground andand carotid carotid artery artery in the in the atmosphere atmosphere Chickens Chickens tolerate tolerate sharp sharp coldness coldness better better thanthan temperatures temperatures overover 28 °C, 28because °C, because chickens chickens havehave no perspiratory no perspiratory gland gland
Smell Smell
OneOne peculiarity peculiarity of poultry of poultry is that is that theythey havehave organs organs for perceiving for perceiving vibrations vibrations through through legslegs TheThe eye eye of aof wild a wild living living chicken chicken is focused is focused for afor view a view of five of five meters meters to see to see grains grains andand other other small small things things andand for afor view a view of 50 ofmeters 50 meters to see to see larger larger things things
Touch Touch
Touch Touch
Sight Sight
Taste Taste Sight Sight
Hearing Hearing chickens chickens are able are able to express to express overover 30 30 different different sounds sounds
Smell Smell
In bright In bright lightlight chickens chickens can can see see different different colors colors veryvery well,well, but but in darkness in darkness theythey are almost are almost blind. blind.
Taste Taste Hearing Hearing
AbleAble to see to see UV spectrum UV spectrum
TheThe chick chick chirps chirps withwith long, long, highhigh sounds sounds andand the the henhen answers answers withwith a deep, a deep, softsoft voice voice HenHen andand chick chick can can still still understand understand eacheach other other at a at distance a distance of 20 ofmeters 20 meters
Chickens’ Five Senses
Humans’ Five Senses
“...differences between two different species guided the spatial quality of each sections of co-habitation center...” The Design development started with comparing chickens’ and humans’ senses; Differences between two different species guided the spatial quality of each sections of co-habitation center. Chickens have better touch and hearing senses then humans, but they have poor sight when people have more balanced senses distribution. To accomodate chickens behaviors and habitation characteristics for chicken habitat space, organice shape without no edges and sharp angles was adopted as a base form for the conceptual idea. While organic shape of the space was for chickens, rectilinear and straight edged spaces was needed for humans to organize their activities and utilities. The space in between two different forms of spaces, organic and retilinear, becomes a connecting area that serves two spaces without any restrictions or single activity; it’s open for both chicken habitat and human habitat and can be used as any activities. 32
Site analysis with weather and characteristics of the location influenced on building orientation and building foot print.
natural lighting for food hub northern light for chickens
shaded area for cooler space
embedded space for chickens (cooler space)
sloped landscape to embed the space for chickens for low temperature
every contour line is 4 feet minimizing car paths (directly from Zoo Dr.)
Sustainability Strategies
Site Influences 33
Site Plan
1/64”=1’
The site is located at the South edge of Ferraro Soccer field in Glendale. The center is located on the highest level of the site, because chickens cannot tolerate hot weather, above 80 °F, so part of the education center for chickens is embedded into the landscape for cooler condition. 34
soccer field
soccer field paving
paving
ground with hay
earth/soil
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ground with hay
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A EXTERIOR CHICKEN HABITAT
FOOD HUB INTERIOR CHICKEN HABITAT B
SENSORY EDUCATION CENTER
C BIO-DIGESTION
EXTERIOR EXHAUST SYSTEM
D EQUIPMENT ROOM
STORAGE
OFFICE
E
Plan
1/40”=1’
Program
Outdoor Food hub
Food Hub 2500 sqf Exterior Animal Habitat 600 sqf
Interior Animal Habitat 2500 sqf
Equipment 500 sqf
Storage 800 sqf
main entrance Sensory Education Center 1200 sqf
entrance for storage
Restrooms 500 sqf
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Concept Human: Organized Human:Order, Order, Human: organized Order, organized Animal: Free, Organic
Animal: Free, Animal: organic Free, organic
Organizing formal idea formal idea 1. OrganizingOrganizing Formal Idea
Contained space space 2. ContainedContained Space
Providing Providing exteriorexterior habitat habitat
Human: Order, organized
organic
Animal: Free, organic
Flow of Flow food of hub food hub
Providing exterior habitat exterior habitat Merging into landscape Organizing formalProviding idea 3. Providing Exterior Space
Contained Contained space space Providing exterior habitat
Glazing Glazing into landscape Merging into landscape 4. Merging in Contained toMerging Landscape space
Visual Connection Visual Connection Providing exterior habitat
Human: Order, organized
Animal: Free, organic
Glazing Visual Connection
Glazing
Visual Connection
Visual Connection Continuous surface Flow of food hubCONCEPT DIAGRAM 5. Continuous Roof Surface Providing exterior habitat
Contained space
Glazing
7. Visual Connection to Chicken Hub Visual Connection
Continuous surface CONCEPT DIAGRAM
Glazing Continuous surface CONCEPT DIAGRAM 6. Organizing Visual Connection to Exterior Merging into landscape formal idea
Flow of food hub
CONCEPT DIAGRAM 8. Flow of Continuous Foodsurface Hub
Visual Connection Contained space
Site analysis with weather and characteristics of the location influenced on building orientation and building Glazing foot print.
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Detail Section
standing seam metal panel rigid insulation metal deck steel bracing
perforated metal panel 4” steel tube plexiglass panel
2” concrete finish slab 6” insulation 6” concrete structural slab waterproof layer
Scale: 1/4”=1’
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3D Digital Section Model
Shear walls on three sides of the building with truss system on top and continuing on north façade side are for load bearing, and façade is all transparent with very thin and frequent mullions to express the lightness of the building façade. Interior chicken habitat space is formed with metal framing with perforated metal sheet outside and plexi-glass sheet inside for cladding. The outdoor chicken habitat is also metal framing and mesh cladding with same system. Metal framing for chickens are exposed to express the same language as exposed truss system, and since the building is embedded into the landscape, shear walls are not visible from outside.
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A. Standing Seam Metal Panel B. Counter Flashing C. Rigid Insulation D. Metal Deck E. Steel Bracing F. Perforated Metal Panel G. 4” Steel tube H. Plexiglass Panel I. 2” Concrete Finish Slab J. 6” Insulation K. 6” Concrete Structural Slab
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Sections
Section A 3/64”=1’
Section B 3/64”=1’
Sustainability
VRV System
passive solar orientation
vertical louvers for less heat gain
outdoor outdoor unitunit
concealed ceiling unit concealed ceiling unit
landscape landscape
thermal mass absorb heat from the sun during the day and release heat into the pod at night
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bio-digestion using chicken waste converting to energy
low sun angle vertical louvers
mechanical room room mechanical
The HVAC system of the urban chicken center is VRV system. Since part of the building is tucked into the landscape, south part of the building is covered by thermal mass to help staying cool. Only food hub and sensory education center which are located in a big massing of the building will mainly need cooling, so VRV system is used for efficiency; VRV system is good for individual control, and ideal for zoning. It may be more expansive when it is installed, but it saves more in a long term. Also, the pipes can be only 6 inches, it will help having the consistency of concept which is lightness. VRV system creates low level of noise, so it is good for public space. 41
Transitional Library Program: ARCH 505b Instructor: Lorcan O’Herlihy Year: 2013 Spring
BUS
The site is on the intersection of Vermont Ave and Santa Monica Blvd where is one of the main streets in Los Angeles. Since the intersection is the center of traffic in L.A, there are bus stations and metro station on the site. To take an adventage of the site location and to engage the public transportation users on the site, this transitional library becomes a hang-out space for the neighborhoods and students of Los Angeles City College which is located right next to the library. Instead of a regular public library, the system of this library is designed for users’ convenience; a library that encourages public transportation users to read while they are taking buses or subways. Through having a machine with books and magazines in the library, people can rent books and return them at other locations (other machines located at different subway stations). Since there are many people using electronic devices such as ipad, or cell phones to read books and listen to music, the library has big computer labs and ipad stations. Through this digital library that carries no books, but only computers, dvds and cds, the library becomes a hub for digital education center as well. The library is designed also to provide shading for bus stations at the site, and the connection with subway entrance was carried for better circulation and convenience. Instead of using expansive building materials, the library is made with minimal, but practical design and material for the community. 42
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summer solstice (79 )
Design Development
summer solstice (79 )summer solstice (79 )
SITE
SITE
Site
SITE
Volume
solstice (79 ) summer solstice (79summer )
VOLUME VOLUME
VOLUME
CARVING WITH SU
WITH SUNLIGHT CARVINGCARVING WITH SUNLIGHT
summer solstice (79 )
VOLUMEVOLUME
Carving with Sunlight
CARVING WITH SUNLIGHT
ROOF
ROOF
Connection to Open Space
CONNECTION OPEN SPACE CONNECTION TO OPENTO SPACE
FOLDED ROOF
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CARVING WITH SUNLIGHT CARVING WITH SUNLIGHT
Roof
ROOF
CONNECTION OPEN SPACE CONNECTION TO OPENTO SPACE
Folded Roof
FOLDED FOLDED ROOF ROOF
CONNECTION TO OPEN SPACE
Site PlanFOLDED RO
FOLDED ROOF FOLDED ROOF
The form of the building is simple, but it is influenced by sustainability of the building through the angle of sunlight through out the year to avoid derect sunlight. Since the roof for shading takes a big portion in design component of the library, roof form emphasizes the building.
open public space on east-side with bus station
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Connections
express bus route local bus route metro route
Circulation
path of travel elevator subway entrance
The circulation of the library and the entry spaces are located according to connections with public transportations. The interior of library is visible from escalators for subway level through glazing walls for visual connection to attract people in to the library. Looking through glazing at the escalator
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study room
study room
study room
computer lab
computer lab
classroom
classroom
projector room
projector room
study room computer lab
computer lab
classroom
classroom
projector room
to metro
to metro
projector room
1st Floor
B1 Floor
B1 Floor
B1 Floor
1st Floor
B2 Floor (metro level)B2 Floor (metro B2level) Floor (metro level)
B1 Floor
PATH OF TRA
to metro
HC ACCESS
study room equipment room
study ro equipm
projecting room
projecti
community gathering
commun
computer room
comput
reading
reading
utility
utility
class room
class ro
stacking
stacking
B2 Floor (Metro Level) PATH OF TRAVEL
to metro
HC ACCESS
PATH OF TRAVEL
to metro
HC ACCESS
study room equipment room projecting room community gathering computer room
study room equipment room projecting room community gathering
B1 Floor
B2 Floor (metro level)
computer room
reading utility class room stacking
reading utility class room
B1 Floor
B2 Floor (metro level)
stacking
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Since the library space moves down with metro connection, bringing sunlight into the space is an important for library users. Although three sides (except south) are covered with glazing, and roof with skylight is exposed to the sun, there are louvers on the roof that filters the direct sunlight and brings ambient lighting into the library. Floors are not covereing the floor below, so that space at the bottom level still gets sunlight. Plantings on the west side of the building blocks the sunlight and brings in the natural environment.
Sunpath N 10
Sunpath
20 30 40 50
N
60
10
70
20
80 0
30
June 21th
40
E
Skylight with louvers for non-direct sunlight
50 60
70 December 21th 80 0
E
June 21th December 21th
Skylight with louvers for non-direct sunlight
Precepitation: 15.46 inches/season
S
Longditudinal Section 48
spring equinox (57 )
winter solstice (32.5 )
S
Precepitation: 15.46 inches/season
winter solstice (32.5 )
spring equinox (57 )
summer solstice (79 )
summer solstice (79 )
Sclerophyllic plants By knowing whtat region California is, and what kind of plants can be adapted well in Southern California, the right plants were picked for the site.
Birch
Box wood
Gravel
Edge condition Convoluted shaped edge is better than straight edge on this plan since more speices can penetrate to soft boundaries than hard boundaries, and increases flow.
trees blocking the sun on the west facade
Cross Section 49
East Elevation
Physical Model
50
North Elevation
DVD/CD shelving area (media center)
51
The Nexus Program: ARCH 505a Instructor: Selwyn Ting Year: 2012 Fall
The concept of the building design is connecting different buildings on the site and combining them together through the Endeavor Gallery. Visual connection and the circulation flow will is achieved in the building design through inside-out connection with transparency building material. However, the Endeavor shuttle is not completely revealed from exterior but with frosted glass material, it gave people a sense of scale of the shuttle and the existence. A big goal of the building design is to bring more people to the park and attract them to activate the park more. Having fluid circulation around the building will improve the connection to its neighborhood area so that people can use the park as part of their walking and jogging path as well. Also the building serves a function of a hub for the visitors and provides open public space.
52
53
1. 41 Cooper Square (Morphosis) 2. 41 Cooper Square (Morphosis) 3. Image of ‘Technology’ 4. Vitra Museum (Herzog de Meuron) 5. de Young Museum (Herzog de Meuron)
While the schematic design was driven by site analaysis and connection within the park, building form remained simple. However, the building design was focused on spatial qualities and interactions of visitors and the building. The perforated skin of the endavour center serves as double skin for ventilation and sun screen, but it also creates a pattern on the building facade that brings a metaphor of an electronic device; showing the space shuttle as the assembly of all high-technology. Since the space in between two buildings of the Endavour Center is open to public to create interaction of indoor-outdoor spaces, some of the facade towards the open corridor space becomes transparent without the skin. Also, the bridge connecting two buildings makes the open space more contained through creating overhead plane.
54
B
B
B B
B B
B
B
B
B B
LANDSCAPE D
EDUCATION
B
B
EXERCISE
Bus Stops Driving Way
B
In-and-out Connection LANDSCAPE
B
LANDSCAPE D
Parking Lot EDUCATION
B B
EXERCISE
SOCIAL
SOCIAL
EDUCATION
U
SOCIAL
EDUCATION
O IN PAT
EDUCATION
SOCIAL
O IN PAT
Anchor Points on the Site
Creating New Anchor Point
LANDSCAPE
OUTDOOR PLA A
SOCIAL
Site Plan
U
OUTDOOR EX I ITION
I E
OUTDOOR PLA A
EXERCISE
EDUCATION
U
EXERCISE
LANDSCAPE
LANDSCAPE D
OUTDOOR PLA A
LANDSCAPE
EDUCATION
U
EDUCATION
B
LANDSCAPE D
EXERCISE
U
EXERCISE
B
B
SOCIAL
Tram Route Connections
EXERCISE
SOCIAL
Parks
U
U
OUTDOOR EX I ITION
I E
Activities Created by New Anchor Point
OUTDOOR EX I ITION
Blending Site Division
55
Performative Syntax
Slicing
Blending
The form of the endeavor center is driven by connections with other buildings in the park and connections within the building. Since the construction of the endeavor center is divided into two parts, the consideration of the phasing also took a direction of the building design.
56
Shearing
Programs/Circulation
Narrative/ Space Journey
Endeavour Gallery
visual connection
Bridge
Air Gallery Space Gallery
Bridge
Science Center main entrance
Utility and Service Visitors’ Circulation
Visitors’ Circulation
Elevation
Endeavour Gallery
Air Gallery
starting of the journey: from the Earth to space
visual connection
returning to the Earth: back to the atmosphere of the Earth
science knowledge to experience the space journey
Space Gallery
Second Floor
back to the Earth: the end of the journey
reminiscence the space journey
Endeavour Gallery experiencing the
journey in space
visual connection Endeavor Gallery
Space Gallery Science Center
Air Gallery Planatarium
Bridge
Air Gallery Space Gallery
Bridge
main entrance
Service
Utility and Service Visitors’ Circulation
Visitors’ Circulation
Elevation
4 main entrance
Endeavour Gallery
Air Gallery
3
2 1
Program sequence through the circulation guides visitors with a narrative. The space journey that tells the story about the space Space Gallery shuttle and education of the space and shuttle brings all the Second Floor programs into one experience. Each spaces with a program has distictive characteristics with lighting and spatial quality. visual connection
57
Plans
2ft 10ft
50ft
1.
2.
3.
4.
100ft
2ft 10ft
58
50ft
100ft
Public Open Space betweeen two buildings
59
Looking at the shuttle from level 3 bridge
Section
2ft
60
10ft
50ft
100ft
Looking at the shuttle from level 3
South Elevation
North Elevation 2ft
10ft
50ft
100ft
61
Healthy Living Program: ARCH 401 Instructor: Sharon E Sutton Year: 2010 Winter Urban Design/Concept
1. Human body parts
2. Circulation in relation to circulating blood in the human body
3. Space Division of the site
4. Void as a Public Space (Heart)
5.New circulation with the sloping topography
6. Pocket spaces created by new circulation
This Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is mixeduse residential designed to maximize access to public transportation while providing privacy for residents. For easy ventilation and the creation of a friendly community in the building, the courtyard is placed in the middle of complex above the first level retail. To maximize the lighting in the building, the width of the courtyard was widened by having overhangs on the other side of the housing.
62
63
Accessibility
Program/Housing
FAMILY HOUSING 36 DUPLEXES
ROOF GARDEN
9 FLATS
COURTYARD
GARDEN FOR ORGANIC FOODS GARDEN FOR PLANTS
PRIVATE OUTDOOR SPACE FAMILY RECREATIONAL SPACE MAXIMIZED SUNLIGHT
OUTDOOR PLAY AREA MAX 13 KIDS AT ONCE 75 SF PER A KID
TRANSIT STATION
BIKE PARKING
SUPPORTS PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, BIKING AND WALKING
FITNESS CENTER CHILDCARE
SQAURE COMMUNITY SPACE MEETING AREA COMMUNITY EVENTS
To deal with the sloping ground, the gradual pedestrian paving is designed with easy axcess from the station. It also creates the public space in the middle.
Housing/Concept
The plaza in the middle of the site is the center of the circulation and the space that all the other spaces flow into. To emphasize the central plaza, the buildings in our group were shaped as a rectangle without one corner. The building form was designed to enhance the natural ventilation of the housing, and as a result, the outdoor courtyard was created. After the sun studies and many design studies, the south part of the building was set back to allow more sunlight in the courtyard and apartment units.
64
1. Retails (base)
2. Open space (void)
3. Residential perimeter
4. Stepping perimeter (maximizing daylight)
65
66
Plans
To reflect the housing on the other side of 10th Ave, the housings faces 10th Ave instead of the retail stores. The housing was designed as family housing in the complex, with working parents with young kinds to bring more family oriented uses to Capitol Hill like it was before in the 1930s to 1950s. The courtyard space is 40ft wide, and it maximizes incoming light to the courtyard. The kitchens and living rooms are facing the courtyard to have a visual connection to the open space and easier access. The town house concept tries to minimize circulation, and create inward balconies.
Elevations Each facade of the building was carefully designed to express the duplex housings with a dynamic use of materials.
East
North
West
67
Furnitures Program: ARCH 402 Instructor: Sharon E Sutton Year: Jim Nicholls
The Storefront Studio in Roslyn was supported by the Roslyn Downtown Association and residents in Roslyn to develop the city by keeping the tradition and history of a miner town. As one of the projects for the Visiting center, the front desk was designed to give more welcoming atmosphere to the visitors and show the characteristics of Roslyn more clearly. For the desk, plywood and 2� by 4� wood were used with nails and washers for easy assembly. The wood frame on the desk was attached to cover the edges of rusted metal, and the design on the metal sheets was stenciled with acrylic paint.
68
ROSLYN VISITOR VISITOR CENTER CENTER ROSLYN
roslyn
visitor center
Different graphic designs and materials were explored to express the character of Roslyn. As a result, four pieces of rusted metal which was found objects from Roslyn were used on the front of the desk with coal cart graphic design.
The sign for the Open House was designed to remind people of the time and place for the Open House. We designed the graphic of the sign on computer and transferred the design on the actual board by painting with acrylic paint.
69
70
Profession
nal works
71
Taichung Cultural Center Summer internship in 2013 at PAR Project by Platform For Architecture + Research, Buro Happold Stage One Proposal May 27, 2013
The proposal for the new Taichung Cultural Center, TCC, by PAR arranges the new cultural center around a public space open towards the city of Taichung and Gateway Park. The building is conceived as a single loop of public space and cultural institutions twisting into a continuous organization that combines the virtues of both institutions, maximizing interdisciplinary exchange while preserving the autonomy. TCC is conceived as a symbiosis of urbanity and nature. Like Taichung, which is located in the heart of the Taiwan mainland, it will be integrated into the heart of the park. The two institutions and their shared public facilities are gathered around an outdoor space framing a fourth program, an urban plaza which opens towards both Park Avenue 2 and Gateway Park. The multiple ramps and stairs of the building create an institution that is publicly accessible and welcoming on the inside as well as the outside. The urban plaza will attract the everyday life of Taichung flowing through its gateway while framing views of Taiwan Tower. Informal roof seating and stairs will make the TCC a lively place and a natural extension of the life within the park. On special occasions it will turn into an outdoor gallery or urban stage to extend the art into the city as well as the city into the institution.
72
2
73
Š Buro Happold
臺中城市文化館
TAICHUNG CULTURAL CENTER
大门入口通道
GATEWAY
臺中城市文化館
TAICHUNG CULTURAL CENTER
© PAR
Concept font sizes
Collection 4000m2
PUBLIC
Services 1430m2
PLAZA MUSEUM
LIBRARY
Service 3900m2
制度共生 Two Institutions - Symbiosis
PROGRAM SYMBIOSIS DIAGRAM 01
How do you allow for maximum interdisciplinary exchange while still preserving the autonomy of the individual institutions? To encourage maximum interface between disciplines, we propose to merge the overlapping programs of the Fine Arts Museum and Library into a third, shared Public program. A single identity composed of three program synergies.
6
概念图表
Edu 400m2
Admin 502m2
Meeting 960m2
Services 1430m2
Reserch 600m2
Collection 1255m2
Admin 1325m2
Services 4476m2
Admin 1325m2
Edu 400m2
Collections 5 13695m2
Admin 502m2
Museum Services 1800m2
6 LIBRARY
Park 1497m2
Service 3900m2
PLAZA
Collections 13695m2
Collection 4000m2
Park 1497m2
MUSEUM
Terrace 748m2
PLAZA
节目 Program
环路 Loop
Tailored to accommodate the organizational and daylighting requirements of the collections spaces, reading rooms, archives and art galleries, the building is customized to the needs and desires of its individual tenants while fused to form a cultural whole.
The two institutions and their shared public facilities are gathered around an outdoor space framing a fourth program, an urban plaza which opens towards both Park Avenue 2 and Gateway Park. A single loop of both public space and cultural institutions.
DIAGRAM 01
LIBRARY Tech 1160m2
PUBLIC
Exhibition 8000m2
Terrace 748m2
Services 4476m2
Meeting 960m2
PUBLIC
MUSEUM
Admin 800m2
5
Collection 1255m2
Admin 800m2
Exhibition 8000m2
Museum Services 1800m2
Tech 1160m2
Reserch 600m2
DIAGRAM 01
Concept Diagrams
文化共生 Cultural symbiosis
The building is conceived as a single loop of public space and cultural institutions twisting into a continuous organization that combines the virtues of both museum and library, maximizing interdisciplinary exchange while preserving the autonomy.
PROGRAM SYMBIOSIS
概念发展
Concept Diagrams
25m
入口通道广场 Gateway Plaza
LIFT
The urban plaza will frame the everyday life of Taichung flowing through its gateway, spilling culture into the public realm. On special occasions it will turn into an outdoor gallery or urban stage to extend the art into the city as well as the city into the institution.
74
优化的体积 Optimized Volume
VOLUME OPTIMIZATION
The varied form provides floor plate widths and daylighting conditions creating an ideal interior environmentscrucial for the library and museum.
全景 Views
通路 Access
VISTAS
From public spaces the geometry and orientation offers 360° views to the surrounding city and park. The urban plaza will attract the everyday life of Taichung flowing through its gateway while framing views of Taiwan Tower.
ACCESS
Visitors enter through a shared lobby underneath the building’s 6m lift which leads to the public plaza. The south wing of the building tilts into the park landscape for continuous pedestrian access over top of the building from Gateway Park and Taiwan Tower.
7
臺中城市文化館
TAICHUNG CULTURAL CENTER
MBIOSIS
© Buro Happold
Indirect Lighting Strategies Library Collection Generic
Art Work Library Collection Sensitive
Sensitive Artefacts
臺中城市文化館
Sustainability Strategies Study spaces Conferences Teaching areas Theater Auditorium
25m
SUMMER
Corridors
10AM
Lobby Public Stack Effect
ACTIVE Energy Intensive
PASSIVE Constant Volume
Displacement Ventilation Multi Modal
Displacement Ventilation with Radiant Cooling
TAICHUNG CULTURAL CENTER
Possible Natural Ventilation
Energy Efficient
4 3
Reading Room
3 Reading Room
Main Collection
1 Main Collection Offices
East
Stack Effect
3 Offices West 3
优化的体积
f Taichung flowing through its On special occasions it will turn nd the art into the cityOutside as well as
Ventilation
Artefacts
全景 Views
Optimized Volume
Lobby
VOLUME OPTIMIZATION Outside
Plaza
Museum Exhibition
VISTAS
From public spaces the geometry and orientation offers 360° views to the surrounding city and park. The urban plaza will attract the everyday life of Taichung flowing through its gateway while framing views of Taiwan Tower.
The varied form provides floor plate widthsBook and daylighting conditions creating shelves an ideal interior environmentscrucial for the library and museum. Displacement System
通路 Access Lobby
2 Museum Exhibition
ACCESS
采光和太阳能加热 Daylighting and Solar Heating 敏感的文物 Sensitive Artefacts
Plaza
Tightly Controlled Visitors enter through a shared lobby underneath the building’s 6m lift which 3 1 Conditions leads to the public plaza. The south wing of the building tilts into the park landscape for continuous pedestrian access over top of the building from Gateway Park and Taiwan Tower.
空气流通 Ventilation
1 2 3 4
图书馆书库 Library Stacks
7
Constant Volume Displacement Ventilation with Radiant Cooling Displacement Ventilation + Multi Modal Possible Natural Ventilation
Natural Ventilation
Outside
Outside
Displacement System
Reading Room
Reading Room
门厅 Lobby
Main Collection
Main Collection
会议室 Meeting Room
Offices
Lobby
Plaza
Museum Exhibition
Offices
Solar Panels Angled to face to South
Rain Collection
最大效率的环境的具体策略 Environment Specific Strategy for Maximum Efficiency Fritted ETFE Glass Admittance of Diffused Light
Solar Panels in Plaza 10°
Lobby
Plaza
Museum Exhibition
100% Recycled Steel
60% Fly Ash for Concrete
Drip Irrigation Light Colored High-Reflective Surface
North Facing
Outside
Glass Perforated Metal Panel Translucent Material
博物馆展示 Museum Exhibition
间接照明策略 Indirect Lighting Strategy
Outside
Upper Part of Glazing: Fritted ETFE Horizontal Louvers
水 Water
Water Recycling
材料和嵌入的能量 Materials and Embedded Energy
- Low VOC Content Specifications - LED Lighting for Outdoor - Light Pollution Mitigation
图书馆阅读 Library Reading
可持续发展战略 Sustainability Strategies
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Research
Program: ARCH 566 Cross Cultural Topics in
Landscape Architecture History Trans-national Urbanities & Urbanisms
Instructor: Vinayak Bharne Year: 2013 Fall
Layering Of Historical City Walls In Urban Cities London, Rome, Seoul
77
LONDON 1300
13
17 16
11 15
14
12
18
10 9
19 8 7 20
6
5
4
3
2 1
Feet
0
river
78
1000
2000
buildings
1 The Tower, Postern Gate 2 Tower Hill
6 City Wall
walls
3 Cooper’s Row, The Crescent 4 Emperor House
8 Bishopsgate 9 ST Botolph
5 Aldgate
10 All Hallows
7 Bevis Marks
11 Moorgate 12 ST Alphege
16 ST Giles Cripplegate, Tower
13 Cripple Gate
18 West Gate of Roman Fort 19 Roman Fort at North
14 Tower 15 Barber-Surgeons’ Hall, Tower
17 Medieval Tower
20 Roman Fort at South
FOLEGA TE
LONDON 2013
9
5
NEW GA TE S TRE ET
STLE ST OLD CA
LONDON WALL
BISH OPS GAT E
7
MOOR GATE
T ATE STREE ALDERSG
8
E AT DG L A
4
OW ER’S R COOP
3
2
ILL ER H TOW
1
Feet
0
river buildings
1000
preserved walls non-preserved walls
2000
1 The Tower, Postern Gate 2 Tower Hill
6 Moorgate
3 Cooper’s Row, The Crescent
8 Cripple Gate 9 Barber-Surgeons’ Hall, Tower
4 Emperor House 5 All Hallows
7 ST Alphege
79
ROME 350 A.D. 3
4
2
5
9 1
miles 0
0.5
river buildings
80
1
preserved walls non-preserved walls
8
6
7
1 Porta Latina 2 Porta Settimiana
6 Porta San Sebastiano
3 Porta Pinciana
8 Porta Ostiensis 9 Porta Portuensis
4 Porta Tiburtina 5 Porta Asinaria
7 Porta Ardiatina
ROME 2013
3
4
2
5
9 1
miles 00
.5
1
8
6
7 1 Porta Latina 2 Porta Settimiana
6 Porta San Sebastiano
3 Porta Pinciana
8 Porta Ostiensis 9 Porta Portuensis
4 Porta San Lorenzo 5 Porta Asinaria
7 Porta Ardiatina
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SEOUL 1800th Century 1 1
2
3
5
4
82
Cheonggyecheon (Cheonggye Creek)
1 Sukjeongmun (North gate) 2 Hyehwamun (Northeast gate)
preserved walls
3 Heunginjimun (Great East Gate)
non-preserved walls
4 Sungnyemun (Great South Gate) 5 Donuimun (West Gate)
SEOUL 2013 1 2
1
3
4
5
9 6
8
7
Cheonggyecheon (Cheonggye Creek)
non-preserved walls
preserved walls
walking path
1 Sukjeongmun (North gate) 2 Waryong Park
6 Dongdaemun History and Culture Park
3 Hyehwamun (Northeast gate)
8 Sungnyemun (Great South Gate) 9 Donuimun (West Gate)
4 Naksan Park 5 Heunginjimun (Great East Gate)
7 Namsan
83
Conclusion ROME BOUNDARY
LONDON BOUNDARY
SEOUL 1700
LONDON 1300
ROME 350
84
SEOUL BOUNDARY
What remained and what not remained
City boundaries
Later uses of walls
Three cities’ process of city development and the preservation of city walls can be compared in terms of resons of removing/ displacement of the walls. In case of London, many gates and walls were removed due to the traffic and population increase, but on the other hand, Seoul lost several gates during the colonization period. Although the reasons are different, all cities must have gone through the choice of removing and preseving of the walls. The decisions should not be made with one reason, but carefully considered since there is no clear right or wrong answers to decide historical structures to be removed from a city. Restorations of walls can be made in a city, but if a restoration is building structures from the beginning, not preserving, then the reason for it must be also clear with several reasons.
When the walls were built, they difined the boundaries of cities, but when cities expanded with population increase, walls were no longer the boundaries of a city. All three cities are major cities in terms of location, economy, population and so on, and the walled areas are parts in a city. Although cities were expanded, the definition of those areas as centers of cities is still remained.
How three cities are dealing with the remaining walls is also important. In Rome, gates still keeps the same use to allow traffic through or connected to a street, but in Seoul and London, gates are more likely historical monuments in the cities. Since walls in London are in the middle of the city, remaining walls are creating different layer in a city with modern infrastructures and buildings. However, the layer of modern and ancient period is harder to find in Rome although more than half of the wall is remained, and I think it’s due to the preservation of Rome as a whole city. Comparably there are less modern structures and buildings in Rome, so ancient walls blends better with other ancient buildings and structures. In Seoul, the walking path around the wall is well developed, and it is due to the location of the wall. There are mountains in Seoul, and gates and walls countinue its paths along the terrain, so I think it was easier to preserve those walls on mountains in the city.
What walls do in a city Conclusioninfrastructures and buildings. However, the layer of modern and ancient period is harder to find in Rome although more than half of the wall is remained, and I think it’s due to the preservation of Rome as a whole city. Comparably there are less modern structures and buildings in Rome, so ancient walls blends better with other ancient buildings and structures. In Seoul, the walking path around the wall is well developed, and it is due to the location of the wall. There are mountains in Seoul, and gates and walls countinue its paths along the terrain, so I think it was easier to preserve those walls on mountains in the city.
Resources London
Rome
Seoul
1. “Living In Roman London.” Looking for a Microsite That Has Moved? The Museum of London, n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http:// archive.museumoflondon.org.uk/Londinium/ Today/LondonWallWalk/>.
1. “NDC Web Site- Current News - Senior Course 119 Walls Walk.” NDC Web Site- Current News - Senior Course 119 Walls Walk. NDC, 12 Sept. 2011. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://www.ndc.nato.int/news/current_news. php?icode=310>.
1. “Fortress Wall of Seoul.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 May 2013. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortress_ Wall_of_Seoul>.
2. Gunnee, Jim. “Walking in London.” : Walking London’s Roman Wall. N.p., Sept.-Oct. 2010. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://jimgunnee. blogspot.com/2010/09/walking-londonsroman-wall.html> 3. Vince, Alan. “Patricia Bracewell.” Late Anglo-Saxon London: Part 1. N.p., 1990. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://www.patriciabracewell. com/2012/08/late-anglo-saxon-londonpart-1/>. 4. “London Wall.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Wall>.
2. “Imperial Era City of Rome Map.” About. com Ancient / Classical History. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://ancienthistory.about. com/od/romeancientrome/ig/Ancient-Rome/ Imperial-Era-City-of-Rome-Map.htm>. 3. “Melissa Blog.” Melissa Blog. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://critimtilti.blog. com/2013/10/12/map-of-roman-empirekml/>. 4. “Aurelian Walls.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Dec. 2013. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurelian_Walls>. 5. “The Walls of Rome.” The Walls of Rome. University or Oregon, 2004. Web. 15 Dec. 2013. <http://nolli.uoregon.edu/wallsOfRome. html>. 6. “Walls & Gates.” Walls & Gates. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://www.roman-sites. com/rome/walls.htm>.
2. Kelly, Matt. “Hiking Seoul Fortress.” Discovering Korea RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://discoveringkorea.com/100914/hikingseoul-fortress/>. 3. “DOMIII, 시간 그리고 공간.” :: 서울성곽길 탐방(첫번째) : 동대문에서 와룡공원까지. N.p., 8 Oct. 2010. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http://domiii. tistory.com/126>. 4. “한성부.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Nov. 2013. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http:// ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한성부>. 5. “한양도성.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Dec. 2013. Web. 17 Dec. 2013. <http:// ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한양도성>. 6. “Seeing Seoul from the City Walls.” Seeing Seoul from the City Walls. The Korea Herald, 30 Mar. 2010. Web. 18 Dec. 2013. <http://www.koreaherald.com/view. php?ud=20090515000014>. 7. “Seoul City Wall.” - UNESCO World Heritage Centre. UNESCO, n.d. Web. 18 Dec. 2013. <http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5781/>.
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Artworks
87
Spatial Drawings
1.
88
2.
3.
5.
4.
1. Watercolor on paper 9” by 12” 2. Charcoal on paper 24” by 36” 3. Watercolor on paper 9” by 12” 4. Watercolor and color pencil on paper 9” by 12” 5. Watercolor and charcoal on paper 9” by 12”
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Personal Artworks 1. Charcoal on paper 12” by 10” 2. Acrylic on canvas 16” by 16” 3. Acrylic on canvas 48” by 36” 4. Acrylic on canvas 16” by 20”
2.
1.
90
4.
3.
91
92