Bathing in Temenos Stroud Herbal Spa by Y. Cho
Primitive : Participation Mystique and Architecture Design Studio 4.2 | 2014
Youseok Cho
Acknowledgment Grateful thanks to those who have contributed their time and expertise to this project. Especially to Martin Gledhill and Rob Mitchell who gave a lot of inspirations and support. Martin Gledhill | Head of year Rob Mitchell | Visiting tutor Kyung Eun Lee | Psychologist Chris Fenton | Environmental engineer Tim Osborne | Landscape architect Gennady Vasilchenko-Malishev | Structural Engineer
Bathing in Temenos
Stroud Herbal Spa
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Pond Bath 38째C
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Brief & response Bathing in temenos Precedents research Healing water Healing plant
Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
Brief & Brief response Primitive : Participation Mystique and Architecture
Primitive, the title of this project usually refers to archaic status or period of a subject. It could mean the period of mankind at the early stage of development of culture or technology. However the type of primitive that I will be exploring in this project is primitive psyche. Primitive psyche does not mean the mentality or mental process that mankind use to have in primitive period. I believe it is something that we all have inside, under the layer of consciousness. Something that is located closer to the heart than the head, senses than rational, and natural instincts than planed acts. The location of primitive psyche could defer from each individual. It could be just located under a thin layer of conscious skin or rooted under deep layers and layers of soil of consciousness. Participation Mystique and Architecture. Participation Mystique is derived from the French anthropologist Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, then defined by Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung. He defines it as...... “It denotes a peculiar kind of psychological connection with objects, and consists in the fact that the subject cannot clearly distinguish himself from the object but is bound to it by a direct relationship which amounts to partial identity” The first response to the subtitle was Participation Mystique by Architecture. There are two type of participation mystique that I will be investigating. i ) Relationship between people and architecture ii) Relationship between people and nature Former is an imaginative relationship that I will build throughout the project based on researches and design developments. The later is how architecture can play role of guide or catalyst between man and nature.
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Philosophy & research
“…….The civilised man of today shows these archaic processes as well, and not merely in the form of sporadic throw-backs from the level of modern social life. On the contrary, every civilised human being, whatever his conscious development, is still an archaic man at the deeper levels of his psyche.” Carl Jung
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Bathing in Temenos Brief response
i) The Greek word Temenos refers to a place for sacrificial (for God), sacred, protected or enclosed space or grove of trees which has symbolic meanings to heal, regenerate, reorganise and rebirth. Psychologically, Carl Jung characterise Temenos as the safe and private inner space or a psyche container within us where psychological encounter between consciousness and unconsciousness take place. ii) King Midas is better well know in Greek mythology for turning everything he touches into gold. However the part of the myth that I am about to talk about is what happened after. “Pan, the god of shepherds, challenged Apollo to a musical duel where King Midas was one of the judges. All the judges except King Midas choose Apollo as the winner, therefore Apollo cursed King Midas by giving him donkey’s ears. The king hid his ears and the only person who saw his ears was his barber. The King made barber promise he would never tell a soul. He kept his words, but keeping a big secret was driving him crazy. At the end the barber went up to a edge of a cliff and dug a hole under reeds where he whispered his secret. Having his secret off his chest he felt much better and returned home...........”
iii) A merge of the formers is my hypothesis of Temenos. The myth of King Midas can be metaphorical of collision between consciousness and unconsciousness or Id and super-ego. The promise the barber made with the king can be a metaphor of consciousness or super-ego, and his natural crave to tell his secret can be compared as unconsciousness or id. His psyche status of “driving crazy” can be referred to symptoms of psychological encounter, and the hole he has dug out to whisper his secrets could be a projection of his Temenos. I believe we project our Temenos to animates around us such as close friends and psychology consultants by starting off the conversation like “.....you must not tell anyone.....” And creates mystique participation by sharing secret and to find balance of psyche. Then the person who shared may find an psyche balance, but the other one’s psyche will become unstable just like simple law of physics (energy transfer) and could seek for another candidates to create new mystique participation. Therefore rather than creating mystique participation with animates can we do the same with inanimate such as architecture, like how the wise barber did? Could such a form of architecture can be created where it is for public but at the same time offers sacred and protected space where one could be in mystique participation to find balance and healing of both psyche and physique. Therefore choice of designing a Spa is an appropriate response to the shared brief.
Is confession a form of mystique participation?
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Stem bath 30 째C 11
Precedent Research Healing spaces
i)
The essay explores the relationship between healing and architecture of three selected buildings by Peter Zumthor to seek what makes good healing spaces. I have visited these buildings recently and I will be focusing on my personal experience, emotions, and senses of these buildings. The essay analyses a chapel, a spa, and a nursing home.
Saint Benedict Chape, 1988
......it was a small space but the generous ceiling height made it more spacious. There was a cross and several rows of pews, but there were no paintings of Jesus or religious artworks on the wall. Minimalistic design and the spiritual journey walking up to the chapel was powerful, in my opinion, they were much more powerful and gives greater spiritual experience than other giant gothic cathedrals. Saint Benedict chapel was different. It did not give me any impression of God or worship. Instead, when I took a seat and closed my eyes, the sunlight falling in through the glass panels felt like there was someone listening to me. The silence and the big contrast of the surrounding spaces created a pitch perfect atmosphere to pray or to meditate. We have two ears and a tongue, however, it appears that our society and people speak more than listen. Mental health conditions could have been prevented if there was someone to listen to them without being judgmental. In that sense, Saint Benedict Chapel is a perfect healing space, as the door of the chapel is always open to people who need someone to listen to.
Thinking of how the material will age as well as how they look now.
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St benedict chapel 13
Precedent Research Healing spaces
ii)
Therme Vals, 1996
......I think the constant echoing sound of ripples act as noise cancelers for the noises coming from outside the chambers,and becomes background noise of space like an empty sketchbook in the visitor’s head, where they can write down their own thoughts. ......the steam was just light enough to see the outline of people but it was heavy enough to keep the privacy. I sat down and took a deep breath, inhaling the steam, the minty and fresh smell. Smell tends to be the one out of the five senses that remind people of their memories, and for me the smell reminded of my memory in a pine forest. Even though I was in a small box created by man, the phantasmal atmosphere created by materials, steam and lightings made me feel like as if I was naked in nature. Soon my muscles were relaxed and I found psyche balance. In the past, the days before modern medical science, people completely relied on natural healing and believing in God to heal. However, they knew that finding peace within and being with nature helped to improve the healing process. Throughout the world, there are evidence to suggest that people use spa as one of the catalysts of the healing process. For example, in Greek and Roman times, people have used spa for relaxation and hygiene, and in Greek mythologies, they believed that certain natural springs were blessed by God and cured diseases. The Therme Vals’ atmosphere and features not only help people’s physical and psychological healing, it also provides people with tremendous and unique experiences. These experiences will be stored in their brains as memories, and memories are very powerful. Later in life when I am upset, nervous or stressed, I believe I will be able to gain positive energy, motivation and relaxation by simply reminiscing the memories I had at the Therme Vals.
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Therme Vals : exit to external bath 15
Precedent Research Healing spaces
iii)
Home for senior citizens, 1993
......similar to the two previous buildings, Zumthor used local materials for this building, and for this village they were tuff, pine and maple which added traditional and comfortable atmosphere to the post-modern looking building for the region-born tenants. By finishing the interior with local materials, the architect turned the circulation zone into a pleasant social area with a homely atmosphere. He then placed large windows along the corridor on the east façade, which allowed residents to look out onto the grass and trees outside and, at the same time they were able to observe if anyone was approaching their home. If they weren’t able to see who was coming to their home, then residents could feel unsafe. In longer term, this could cause instabilities to their mental health. Also, in the morning, the tenants could be welcomed by sunshine coming from the east through the leaves of the trees in front (also prevents from overheating in summer). I sensed that the residents enjoy spending time in this corridor as I could see tea tables and sofas through the windows. iv)
Conclusion
Healing is process that occurs in any life naturally, but being in a natural environment helps the process. But most of us live in man made structures. Therefore challenge for architects will be how to design man made structures that fit into our modern society but retains the natural/native atmosphere. In my opinion, the three buildings that I have discussed are great examples, and the following are the main design aspects that made these buildings into great healing spaces. For all three buildings, Zumthor used local and native materials; materials that local people were familiar and comfortable with. The way he used these materials were truthful and honest. They weren’t cladded to cover up a modern structure. These materials were used as façade, structure, interior, floor, ceiling and even furniture. The data collected by the five senses are saved in our head in the form of what we call ‘memories’, like things we see are saved in images and things we hear are saved as sound. Nowadays there are lots of modern buildings that only leave images, and images tend to get overwritten by other images that are more attractive and therefore aren’t long lasting memories. What Zumthor’s buildings gave me were memories of the five types of combined and well-balanced senses data, which I call experience. Experience: memory of multiple images, sound, texture, smell, and taste combined together and they are so evenly collected that when I close my eyes and replay, I feel like it’s alive. I think this was possible because what Zumthor designed wasn’t just images, what he created was atmosphere. 16 Philosophy & research
Home for senior citizens : front facade 17
Precedent Research Navigation
Hansol paper museum, 2013 The museum designed by Ando Tadao, houses the art collection of Inhee Lee, founder and adviser of hansol group (a Korean paper and chemical company) who has funded the project. The building consists of repetitive boxes constructed with concrete and local stone. Therefore it is easy to get lost inside. However Ando Tadao gives hints to visitors where they are by using three tools : ceiling light slits, courtyards, and pond. Unless you get out the building you will not get full view of these elements, however these hints are constantly around the building, and visitors unconsciously use these as tools of navigation to get the sense of where they are and where they should go next. By the end of the journey visitors will end up in external stone garden. The view that visitors get from the stone garden and from the entrance (start of journey) are very similar, however the invisible connection visitors had with natural elements during the journey has created bond between them, that allows visitors to look the scenery with their heart.
ceiling light slits
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circulation around courtyard
low level window
entrance view
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Healing water Past and future
Actaeon Surprising Diana 1556
Roman Bath, England
Origin of Spa The water is essential for human life, from the remotest times it has been considered vital for both sustenance and for the birth and development of civilisations. It was not long before man discovered its importance and beneficial properties; its ability to protect from diseases, as well as its healing and preventive properties. Multiple magical virtues were attributed to water, and it was even considered a true gift of the gods. Numerous myths and legends, considering the miraculous healing of the soul and body, were attributed to its mysterious powers. Man has always searched for health and wellness in water, which, throughout history, has often been loaded with symbolic and cultural values.
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The earliest descriptions of western bathing came from Greece. The Greeks began bathing that formed the foundation for modern spa procedures. These Aegean people utilized small bathtubs, wash basins, and foot baths for personal cleanliness. The earliest such findings are the baths in the palace complex at Knossos, Crete. It was the Greeks who started but it was the Romans who really developed it. Romans have surpassed the Greek bath in size and heating technology such as hypocaust (under floor heating). Also Romans developed baths in their colonies, and good example of that would be the Roman Bath in Bath, England.
Thermae Bath Spa, England
Expectation for modern spa According to research, the majority of people visit spa for two purposes; de-stress and leisure According to research by WHO [world health organisation] by 2020, depression will be the second leading cause of disability throughout the world and the big cause of the depression is related to the stress from the fast moving modern world. Therefore these customers expect a space where they can be free from the time, abnormal, private and special, like a place to escape/ hide from their daily life.
The customers with leisure or celebration purpose are looking for exiting and variety of experiences. To meet their demand the spa would require variety types of baths, aromatherapy rooms and therapeutic services. Also having place to drink or eat within the spa facility will be a crucial point to them.
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Healing plant Herb garden and bath
The inspiration of herbs came from the second site visit, when I walked down by the river Frome. The hill just pass the Fromehall mill was used as natural allotments (photo on the left), and met a guy who was harvesting. He told me that he is growing herbs and the environment is just perfect place to grow them. The relationship between herbs and bath are inseparable. With addition of herbs, a bath of hot water can become something special. It will give olfactorial identification, and healing property such as reduction of stress level, and provide relaxing experience to everyone. Herbs used in bath will be harvested from herb gardens on the roof and ground floor. Then they will be dried in the drying room or through the furnace. Herbs that require more sunlight than others will be grown on the roof garden. Below are some examples of herbs that will grow and used in spa.
Lavender Baths of lavender herbs are used in restoration of energy, neurosis and as a sedative, as well as reduced blood pressure. Chamomile Bath of chamomile used for rheumatism, gout, neurosis, spastic bowel conditions, weeping eczema, septic sores, diseases of female genital sphere, hemorrhoids. Eucalyptus It has a distinctly clean, fresh flavor of menthol, which is refreshing and flavorful at the same time. Its good for chronic as rheumatism and back pain and tired muscles. Rosemary Rosemary excites and stimulates the nervous system. It is used to relieve headaches, migraines and muscle pain. Fennel Fennel bath helps to fix a bloated stomach, excess wind, colic, constipation and other digestive problems.
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Site choice Site : Macro Site : Meso Clients Brief proposal
Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
View from the mill pond
Site Choice
Stroud is a market town in the county of Gloucestershire surrounded by natural beauty of Cotswold and only an hour and half train journey from London. My chosen site is located between the two big mills; Lodgemore mill and Fromehall mill. The site is located within 1km radius from the Stroud town centre and at the heart of the three major towns of Stroud district; Caincross, Stroud town, and Rodbrough. The site is very close to the town centre, yet it
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provide unique and primitive atmosphere created by natural elements within the site. The site consist of a hill with steep gradient packed with dense groves of tall trees, river Frome, a large mill pond, an empty green land, and the Stroud Water Navigation canal. I thought the challenging practical conditions of the site and its unique setting of variety of natural elements suits the project.
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Site Choice Practical issues that Stroud is facing
Stroud Farmer’s market
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i) The town has maintained its traditional market town characteristics and uses it to its maximum to attract tourists as it is the main and the only notable tourist attraction of Stroud. However the town is very out of pace in tourism industry compared to its globally recognised neighbor towns in Cotswold area. Also on the non market days the town seriously lack of tourists therefore the council is looking for a new sustain source of tourism. ii) River Frome and Stroud water navigation was main source of economics and transport by powering numerous mills and transporting goods and connecting Bristol and London. However opening of the railway and closure of mills caused loss in value and connection between people and both canal and the river. At the moment they are abandoned and getting further away from people’s care and love.
iv) Stroud has relatively skilled work forces and low levels of unemployment. However there are too few jobs to meet the needs of the resident workforce and especially lack in need of these skilled work forces. v) Despite the fact of having significant number of population, the town seriously lack of social activities, leisure and dining. As well as for the affluent residents, the town is in serious need for high-end leisure activities, night life and accommodations to suit all tastes of tourists.
iii) Stroud has an aging population. The number of over 65s in this District is expected to increase by over 60% by 2031. Although some over 65s may choose to or need to continue working, Stroud will have an increasingly dependent population, with differing needs to be met. This will present a long-term challenge to local service providers – in particular in fields of primary health and, public transport infrastructure, leisure, social community.
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Site : Macro Location
CAINSCROSS
STROUD Train station
Canal River Site
ing
il va
SW
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e Pr
W
ind
RODBOROUGH 500m
1000m
Population Education Religious Health Commercial Residential
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Site : Macro Access
i
ii
Mills
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Train station
Vehicle access
Pedestrian access
Journey i
From the train station there are two ways to approach the site. One way is to walk along the canal and the other is to walk along the Bath road. The former can offer a very pleasant and poetic journey to the site, but the path gets very muddy on rainy days and can flood very easily.
Journey ii
The route ii is more direct and sustain. This route does not offer beautiful scenery as previous route, however as it is safe from flooding and directly connected to the main road (Bath road) it is more suitable as the main route for both vehicles and pedestrians.
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Site : Meso stroud 1880s
Past and future
the site 1920s
Historically and architecturally the main dominance would be these two Grade II listed cloth mills : Lodgemore mill and Fromehall mill. Lodgemore mill started its production in 1400s and Fromhall mill started in 1600s. They both were powered by the river Frome. Only Lodgemore Mill in Stroud remains as cloth 1880 manufacture. Today, Milliken Woollen Specialty Products (WSP) continues to make a highly specialised range of cloth products including tennis balls, snooker and pool tables and casino tables. On the other hand Fromehall mill is closed and part of the mill are habited as offices and workshops. 1920
2014. FOR EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY.
Scale 1:5000 0
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100
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As shown on the maps, there has hardly been any changes around the site during the past century except the gas stations on the West side of the site and extension of Lodgemore mill. Therefore preserving the existing buildings will be one of the crucial condition of this project. 450
500 m
Over the time the areas around big empty green land has been densely developed, however the green land it self has been left untouched. My assumption is because the land is located at the lowest point of the valley where it is very vulnerable to flood. Therefore I think it be an interesting challenge to make use of this land. 1938
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Jan 27,
Youseo Univers
New Morrisons
There are several three main future plans around the site. i) Restoration of Stroud Water Navigation canal and areas around it to allow water transportation to connect River Severn and River Thames like how it use to be. This plan could really bring life back to the canal and reconnect people of Stroud with the canal once again. As the canal flows right by the site it will be very important to consider this plan. ii) Stroud Steel located towards West from the site is planned to be replaced by Morrisons supermarket. This plan will effect the num-
Education Area
Residential
ber of people walking pass by the site (especially the canal route). Therefore considering what the project could offer to these pedestrians should be considered. iii) Rodborough is a densely packed residential area located on South from the site. However the main education facilities covering all ages are in Cainscross which is located in Northern part of the district in respect with the site. Therefore providing more direct path connecting these two towns would be very beneficial to the district.
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Site : Meso Architectural elements
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iii i ii
Site
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Mills
Commercial
Residential
Unused
i) Lodgemore Mill
i) The mill seen from the Bath road 38 Site research & analysis
i) Weir of the mill
ii) Office building of WSP Textile
view of Lodgemore mill from path to the site 39
iii) Residential building
vii) Residential building
iv) abandoned garage
vi) Sea Cadet 40 Site research & analysis
vi) Sea Cadet
v) Fromehall Mill The first record of this grade II listed building starts back in 1608. It has a large mill pond just on the west side of the mill. It was active in the past and produced cloth, but it is not in use anymore.
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Site : Meso Nature elements
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ii iii
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Ecology area
Green area
Flood zone 3
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Water
Flood zone 2
ii)
Fromehall Mill Pond In the site there are three different elements of water. River, canal and the pond. The setting of having natural and man made flow of water on each side creates a poetical atmosphere. In this setting the pond could have symbolic meaning of frozen time, safe and could even metaphor of ego, where river is id and canal is super-ego.
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vi) Ecology area
v) Stroud Water Navigation
iii) River Frome
iv) Woodland
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iv) Woodland The Woodland offers sensuous, and healing atmosphere to visitors. Yet is only a 5 minute walk from the town centre and 30 second away from a busy road, this place felt like a completely different world. A real place where man can be in a participation mystique with nature. 45
Site : Meso Analysis
i) Sun The site receives plenty of North light and the woodland will provide shelter from the extreme lights coming in from East and West, preventing from over heating. However rest of the site is exposed. ii) Wind There are strong prevailing winds coming from South West, but they get reduced by a lot around site due to the woodland. iii) Views Site has beautiful views towards South, North, and West. On the East side of the site there is the office building of WSP Textiles, therefore careful arrangement of public and private must be planned.
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Stroud Canal
iv) Road Lodgemore lane which passes through bottom part the site is an important circulation route for the neighbors and possibly a good vehicle access point for the building too. The road on upper part of the site which joins with the main road of Stroud (Bath road), is most reliable and direct access point to the site for both vehicles and pedestrians. V) Water There are three elements of water in site: the River, the canal and the mill pond. All these three are abandoned have lost its connect with people, therefore aim to bring back life to these elements must be considered. vi) Size The size of the project should sit in somewhere in-between the Lodgemore mill and the Fromehall mill.
Green land
Lodgemore lane
Bath road +8m
Sketch section of initial concept inhabitable viaduct, which shows relationship with site conditions. Mill pond
River Frome
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Clients Funding
Site related
YTL Hotels
C&G Services
‘We don’t just build properties. We craft inspired experiences. At YTL Hotels, we do not simply own or operate our properties. Rather, we design special and differentiated experiences for our guests. The philosophy of always being best in class regardless of the category of operation, is core to all aspects of the company’s activities, with both service and operational excellence being our key drivers.’ YTL
C&G was established in 1970 to provide training mainly for the transport industry. Since that time they have trained well over 200,000 people, from companies across Great Britain & Ireland. Their head office and operational centre is based in Stonehouse in Gloucestershire and has two fully equipped training centres in Stonehouse and the other strategically based in the centre of the Midlands in Burton Upon Trent.
hotels’ philosophy
YTL Hotels is the hospitality arm of one of Malaysia’s most dynamic conglomerates, YTL Corporation. The company owns and manages luxurious hotels, resorts, and spas globally. The company continues to expand aggressively, taking its experience and expertise overseas with an eye on forging successful partnerships to develop properties in other emerging markets around the world. Their most recent project was purchasing of UK’s leading spa, Thermae Bath Spa in February 2014. After their successful purchase of the spa business they are continuing to expand their business in UK with this project. YTL Hotels will be the main client for this project and provide fund related to spa part of the project. Clients Requirements A high-end spa where it can provide unique and sensuous experience to their guests. A restaurant, cafe, and shop within the building.
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The company has the ownership of the large green land and the ecology area. They will sell 80% percent of its ownership to YTL company and Stroud Council (Stroud Council will purchase 50%). Clients Requirements Keeping of the ecology area as it is to protect habiting natural species.
Stroud District Council
WSP Textiles Ltd
Cotswold Canal Trust
Stroud district council was facing issues of being outpaced from tourist attraction compared to its neighboring areas. With this project the council wants a sustainable attraction that could increase number of tourists in general and especially on the non market days. This project could potentially bring positive economical chain effect to town.
WSP Textiles Ltd is an independent UK company who specialise in the manufacture of high performance woollen cloth for billiard sports and tennis ball coverings. Manufacturing in Stroud, the company is proud of its West of England heritage and the WSP acronym recognises the founding mill owners, Messrs Winterbotham, Strachan and Playne.
The Cotswold Canals Trust (previously the Stroudwater and Thames and Severn Canal Trust) is an English registered charity that aims to protect and restore the Stroud Water Navigation and the Thames and Severn Canal. The group was founded in 1972, and was initially called the Stroud Water Canal Society.
The council will provide the ‘hill’ part of the site. The council will fund the purchase of the green and ecology area (50%) and also will be maintaining it once the project is completed. Clients Requirements Restoring the lost connection with Stroud and water. Providing direct access from Bath road to Lodgemore lane. Development scheme of the green land into a Wetland park where it can be used by public. Hydrotherapy programmes within the spa, and provide discount offers to elderly (65 above) and disables.
The company will provide their back garden to be used as public herb garden.
When the restoration of the canal is completed, they will mark the spa as one of the stop point for canal tour and public water transport.
Clients Requirements
Clients Requirements
Landscaping of the herbal garden and the spa to maintain it. Provide seating areas in the garden. Discount offers to WSP Textiles workers.
Contributing towards reconnection of lost link between the canal and Stroud.
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Brief proposal Accommodation schedule
Spa Main Bath Bath Chambers Aromatherapy rooms Dry sauna rooms Relaxing area External bath Therapy rooms Hydrotherapy rooms Changing rooms Cafe WC Showers Staff rooms House keeping Receptions Office Total
460sqm 200sqm (8 chambers) 100sqm 20sqm 160sqm 140sqm 40sqm (8max) 70sqm 180sqm (170max) 90sqm 50sqm 50sqm 35sqm 20sqm 50sqm 30sqm 1,695sqm
PUBLIC Herb shop/ cafe Herb restaurant Courtyard Changing rooms + WC Total
80sqm 100sqm 70sqm 20sqm 270sqm
The architectural language should fit into context. Rebirth of lost elements ; river, canal, mill pond, green land, old water filter building and a garage. Restoring lost link between Stroud and water. Providing connection between Bath Road and Lodgemore lane. A new sustainable tourist attraction that can be competed against other tourist destinations in Cotswold. Environmentally sustainable project. Blocking of roads or flow of water must be avoided. Provide customer unique and sensuous experience. Different type of baths to experience diversity of herbs grown on site. Aims (theoretical)
PLANT Herb drying room Thermal plant Water filter plant Sanitation plant Ventilation and electricity plant Waste water tank Fresh water tank Total
100sqm 160sqm 170sqm 250sqm 60sqm 520sqm 430sqm 1690sqm
TOTAL with 20% circulation
4,400sqm
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Aims (practical)
Spaces where one could engage participation mystique with building and the nature around it. A metaphorical circulation of entering deeper unconsciousness (to primitive psyche) A space with frozen time. A third world like space. Abnormal and abstract. Temenos originally refers to groves of trees or place for sacrificial, therefore modern metaphorical programmes should be considered.
Costings calculations Construction estimate : Spa Public Plant
Construction estimate : 1,695 sqm x £4500 / sqm = £ 7,627500 270 sqm x £3000 / sqm = £ 810,000 1,695 sqm x £1500 / sqm = £ 2,475000 = £ 10,912500 + Complexity factor @ 15% = £ 12,549375 + Contractor preliminaries + Profit @ 13% = £ 14,180793 + Design + Construction contingencies @ 10% = £ 15,598873 + Consultant fees @ 16% = £ 18,094692 + Statutory fees @ 0.025% = £ 18,547060
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Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
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Ground floor First floor Second floor Roof and basement
Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
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Site plan
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View fromanalysis Lodgemore lane 72 Site
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Plans Ground floor : Main bathing area
Ground floor plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
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Pond bath 38°C Lavender chamber Chamomile chamber Eucalyptus chamber Rosemary Chamber Lotus flower chamber Thyme chamber Silent bath Storage Dandelion bath chamber 20°C Fennel bath chamber 40°C Public changing room Cafe Light bath 38°C Stem bath 30°C Cold bath 17°C Fire bath 35 - 40 °C Furnace room Herb drying room Seating area Water filter plant
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Lodgemore lane
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Old Fromehall mill pond
Herb garden 6
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Reed bed River Frome
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Ground Floor Visuals Stem bath & Fire bath & Light bath
stem
Light
Three doors
fire
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Site analysis
Three doors Life is full of unexpectancy and so does nature. When you face these, you need to make decisions. Making decision can give you stress, especially when you do not have a clue what kind of result it will bring. Could sudden increase of fear and stress level could bring positive contrasting effect before experiencing a very relaxed atmosphere?
Atmosphere : anima Decisions are made by brain, a work by conscious side of you. But the experience I am trying to present to the visitors are journey to their primitive psyche, and I believe that the state of each individual’s primitive psyche will be stored in different state of time. Each bath has different atmosphere and its primitive role is to guide people to the journey. From inspired from Carl Jung’s anthropomorphic archetypes of the unconscious mind, these baths will have guides with different matureness to the journey. 77
Stem bath 30 °C : Eve
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Site analysis
Eve, the man’s anima is completely tied up with the mother. Not necessarily his personal mother, but the image of woman as faithful provider of nourishment, security, and love. The first eve represents all that is natural, instinctual, and biological.
Fire bath 35 - 40 째C : Helen The fire bath is in form or a labyrinth. Temperature of water rises, noise of water hitting surface of the bath gets louder and the room gets darker as one travel deeper into the bath : Journey into primitive psyche, an award of Helen The hot water pouring out of a concrete bowl. Here water is a metaphor of uncontrollable unconsciousness over flooding from the Vas hermetis.
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Light bath 38 째C : Sophia Sophia functions as a guide to the inner life, mediating to consciousness the contents of the unconscious. Light bath is a spacious bath with mediated amount of natural light coming in. Place to meditate and look back on the past. 80 Site analysis
81
Plans First floor : Therapeutic area
First floor plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
82 Proposal
0
Aromatherapy room (steam 45°C) Aromatherapy room (steam 40°C) External resting area Therapy room Hydrotherapy room Watsu room Control room Cold bath 20°C Therapy room reception Disable changing room Changing room Vanity room Steam room reception Dry sauna room 100°C Private steam room 40 °C Plunge pool 20°C Ventilation and electricity plant Laundry room Staff room Wetland view resting area Therapy storage
5
10
15
20
20 1
2
7 3
8
21
9
4 5
6
12
10 11
Wood bath
Wood bath 14 13 16
17
15
18 19
83
First Floor Visuals Wood bath and therapy room
Therapy area
Wood bath
Most of the therapy programmes are located in first floor due to three main reasons. i) Pool of water weighs a lot, therefore by placing as much as baths on ground floor and having therapy programmes on first floor will reduce weight load by a lot. ii) There is a high probability that visitors for therapy sessions, especially hydrotherapy or watsu could be injured or elderlies. Therefore minimising travel distance from the changing room is very important. iii) Therapy sessions are very private activities, however providing nice views from therapy rooms will definitely attract more guests. Therefore therapy rooms are placed on first floor where guests can look out but cannot be looked in.
Wood bath literally mean bathing with wood instead of water. Trees produce organic compounds called ‘phytoncide’. It is to protect them selves from harmful insects and germs. However these compounds benefits human health. i) The refreshing scent of the phytoncides stimulates the central nervous system to relieve tension and stabilise body and mind. ii) The scent of the phytoncides and their excellent antimicrobial effects interact to strengthen human body’s natural healing capacity (immune system), and to help cells in the lymphocytes to work as efficiently as possible in the body. All you have to is take a walk or exposed in the woods.
therapy
Wood bath watsu
84
Site analysis
Wood bath 85
86
Site analysis
Watsu room
Therapy room ( 2 bed) Poetical setting of two beds looking over two water elements: the river and the pond. The tree in front of the therapy room will provide shading effect from strong sun from west and protects privacy of the room. When the guests are getting therapy on their back they will face the view out side, and when they are getting therapy on the other side, they will face the sky through the light chimney.
87
Plans Second floor : Public and private area
First floor plan
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
88 Proposal
0
Labyrinth bath 35-38째C External bath 38째C Aromatherapy room (steam 43째C) Spa cafe Kitchen Courtyard Herbal restaurant Kitchen Herbal cafe / shop Spa reception Office Car park
5
10
15
20
1
2
3
4 5 6
11 7 10 8
8 9
Bath road 12
89
Second Floor Visuals Entrance and view from the Bath road
ce
ran
ent
d th r
Ba 90
Site analysis
Entrance to the spa The path from the main entrance to the reception of the spa is guided by welcoming lights penetrating through the perforated brick facade. Pass the reception, the perforated facade stops and there lies a sudden darkness. This will contrast from the bright outside that the guests will face as they descend down to changing rooms. 91
Plans Second floor : Public and private area
View fromanalysis the Bath road 92 Site
93
Plans Roof garden and basement 1
2
3
Roof plan
1 2 3
94 Proposal
0
Private (spa) herb garden Heliotherapy area Public herb garden
5
10
15
20
2
1
3
4
Basement plan
1:200
5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6
0
Main sanitation plant Waste water tank Water filter tank (UV Light) Fresh water tank Heat plant Storage
5
10
15
20
95
96
Site analysis
Stairs to roof garden 97
98
Materiality Construction Structure strategy
Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
100 Tectonics
101
Materiality Material pallet
The most of neighboring buildings were constructed with brick masonry structure, especially the two big mills. Therefore to merge into context, brick was chosen as the main material. However as those buildings have very strong warm coloured brick finish, therefore trying create contrast a choice of slightly purplish grey coloured bricks is made. Because of its strength under compression it will be used as internally and externally acting as series of load bearing walls.
Concrete is used for stairs, floor slabs, roof and internal wall of bath chambers. Concrete used in floor slabs and roof will be reinforced with steel. Concrete used for stair and bath chambers will be prefabricated.
300mm thick Plexiglas will be used on the pond bath. This is to resist water pressure created between the mill pond and the pond bath.
Black steel will be used for the window, door frames and handrails. Frames will stay dark and quite to let the beautiful views and other elements to standout.
102 Tectonics
View towards balcony 103
Construction process
i ) Excavation -Starting from the hill, the site will be excavated. -Excavation for constructed wetland. -Trees that have been chopped will be collected to be reused in the biomass furnace. ii ) Foundation -Pile foundation and retaining walls cast in situ.
iii
iii ) Basement plant -Precast concrete columns for water tanks and internal wall unit for the furnace will be delivered to site then erected. -Load-bearing brick of furnace layered.
iv ) Ground floor
v ) First & Second floor
- Construction of concrete bridge to across the river. - Empty the mill pond. - Continue layering of load-bearing brick walls. - Precast concrete walls for bath chambers erected. - The two unused buildings will be used to store materials. - Planting of herb garden on ground floor. - Landscaping of constructed wetland.
- Reinforced concrete slabs and lintels placed. - Plexiglas mounted. -Stacking and layering process are repeated.
104 Tectonics
vi ) Glazing & Roof lights
vii ) Finalising
- All windows and roof lights are installed. - Plexiglas mounted.
- Roof top herb garden planted. - Internal finishes : tilings and decorations - Empty the two external building used as storage. - Installation of water filters in these to buildings. - Commission all systems - Fit-Out - Hand over - Begin defects liability period
105
Structure strategy Load-bearing structures
As honesty of material is one of the most important point in this project, the project is almost constructed by just two material : brick and concrete. Where brick does most of the vertical weight support and reinforce concrete slabs does horizontal. There are three key different types of load bearing elements. i) The service wall consist of two 500mm thick double brick load bearing wall on each side of 2000mm weight free space. On this service wall, almost every WC, vertical private circulation and lift core are lined up. ii) The bath chambers which are series of inhabitable columns are one of the main load bearing structures. The chambers have same dimensions and it consist of three parts : external brick layer, rigid insulation and internal precast concrete layer. Where its the external brick layer that supports the load. iii) The external walls and retaining walls protects the building from external conditions and also supports the weight load too.
Service wall Bath chambers and furnace Other load bearing walls
106 Tectonics
107
i
ii
108 Tectonics
iii iv
v
109
Structure strategy Detail sections
1 2 3
4
5 6 7
i)
Pond bath wall detail (upper)
1:10
2 3 1)
4)
110 x 100 x 65 mm brick load bearing wall 3 mm waterproof membrane 160 mm rigid insulation 300 mm reinforce concrete slab
5) 6) 7)
silicone gap filler silicone sealant 100 mm thick plexiglas
2) 3)
9
4 8
1 5
6
7
110 Tectonics
ii)
Pond bath facade detail (lower) 1:10
1) 2) 3) 4)
110 mm concrete tanking silicone sealant 100 mm thick plexiglas silicone gap filler
5) 6) 7) 8) 9)
100 m rigid insulation 275 mm retaining concrete wall 40 mm concrete floor finish water of the pond bath 38째C water of the mill pond
i
ii
View from mill pond
111
Structure strategy Detail sections
7
6
5 4 1
3 2
iii) Labyrinth bath & steam room floor detail 1) 2) 3) 4)
30 mm concrete floor finish 200 mm concrete slab 3 mm damp proof membrane 5 mm mortar
5) 6) 7)
112 x 200 x 65 mm brick 120 mm concrete floor slab 245 x 200 x 65 mm brick
1:10
1
2
3
4
8 5
6
9
7
10 11
iv) Service & public path floor detail 1) 2) 3) 4)
112 Tectonics
5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11)
30 mm concrete floor finish 200 x 112 x 65 mm brick 120 mm rigid insulation 240 mm reinforced concrete slab 160 mm rigid insulation 260 mm concrete slab 150 x 120 mm zinc drainage 112 x 200 x 65 mm brick 5 mm mortar 50 x 130 mm timber joist 20 mm gypsum board
iv
iii
113
Structure strategy Baths & roof garden detail
i
114 Tectonics
ii
iii
115
Structure strategy External bath detail
11
9 8
6 1
4
2 3
External bath wall detail 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11)
116 Tectonics
1:5
112 x 100 x 200 mm brick 3 mm waterproof membrane 65 x 100 x 200 mm brick 160 mm rigid insulation 220 x 50 mm joist 225 x 300 mm steel I- beam 340 mm reinforce concrete slab 120 mm rigid insulation 40 mm concrete floor finish 5 mm mortar 215 x 100 x 112 mm brick
5
7
10
External bath 117
Structure strategy Roof garden & Bath chamber detail
18
17 14 16
13
15
11
7 8 9 10
6
12
5 4 1
2
3
ii)
Roof garden passage detail
1)
130 mm concrete 60 mm rigid insulation 112 x 100 x 200 mm brick 190mm concrete slab
1:10 6
2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11)
1
14)
Bauder filter fleece 130 mm Bauder intensive substrate 30 mm concrete floor finish
15)
80 x 80 mm drainage pipe
2
12) 13)
7
3 5 4
16) 5 mm vapour barrier 210 mm gravel 17) 100 mm rigid insulation 2 mm metal cap 18) 5 mm Bauder underlayer 270 mm concrete wall / gutter 5 mm Bauder root resistant capping sheet 3 mm Bauder PE foil layer 5 mm Bauder FSM600 protection fleece 40 mm Bauder DSE40 board
iii) Bath chamber door detail ii
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
iii
118 Tectonics
1:5
100 x 25 mm metal joist 300 mm concrete 90째 folding metal hinge 60 mm rigid insulation 30 mm concrete floor finish 30 mm chained / walkable steel door 30 mm steel door
ii&iii
119
120
Water Ventilation Closed ecological system Light U values
Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
Water Journey of water
The concept of ‘Energy Transfer’ has been applied to the journey of water. Input from the river, then output to the canal. The water goes though non chemical filtration process before pumped into fresh water tank, where the water gets extra heat from the thermal plant. Then hot water will be pumped into baths. Once it has been used, the water will be stored in the waste water tank with rain water and grey water collected. Then the water will go through sanitation plants before it is released to go through different ponds in the constructed wetland to reach a high hygienic level before it is released to the canal. This processes will revive the resourcing relationship between the river and the canal.
122 Environmental strategy
vi ix viii
vii
iv
v iii
xi)
Stroud water navigation
x)
Sedimentation pond
ix)
Sub sanitation plant
viii) Main sanitation plant (-1F) vii)
Waste water tank (-1F)
vi)
Pump out to baths (G,1,2 F)
v)
Fresh water tank (-1F)
iv)
UV light filter (-1F)
iii)
Water source heat pump (below garden)
ii)
Water filter plant
i)
Reed bed
123
Water Hypocaust & Furnace
The basement water tanks employs concept of Greek hypocaust. Both water tanks consist of a lot of concrete columns seating on top of the pile foundation. During winter temperature of water will be higher than floor temperature of spa area, therefore the radiant heat from water tanks will travel up by concrete columns. During summer this system will provide coolness to the spa floor. The biomass furnace seats on the basement, and go through every floor and the roof. The furnace has multiple uses. i) The furnace consist of two layers, concrete and brick. Between these to layer there is 200mm gap. Once herbs are harvested they will be washed and then put into herb bags. Then they will be hooked on chain lift which seats in the 200mm gap. Then the herbs will be move up slowly to the herb shop on second floor. The chain will move slowly, and take two hours to reach the shop level. During the time herb will dry from radiant heat created from burning biomass to heat up water. ii) On first floor the furnace go through dry sauna room and the external layer (brick) directly touches brick seats and will transfer heat though thermal conduction.
124 Environmental strategy
iv
i)
Biomass furnace
ii)
Fresh water tank
iii)
UV light filter
iv)
Waste water tank
v)
Sanitation plant
v
iii
ii
i
Greek hypocaust
Heat diagram of Roman bath
Basement floor plan 125
Ventilation Ventilation strategy
i iv
iii
ii
126 Environmental strategy
The main ventilation strategy is to use natural stack ventilation. i) The warm air rose from the 40째C Pond bath and cold air came in through the entrance (towards river) will be drawn into the three 16m high bath chambers which will allow warm air to leave by the top of the chamber. ii) Another way for the warm air from ground floor and first floor to leave the building is by the external balcony on the first floor. iii) Warm air from the labyrinth bath and the external bath will diffuse into open air directly. The Aromatherapy room (iv) will be ventilated by mechanical ventilation. Warm air with scent of herb will be released to the public walkway, which will create invisible connection / sharing between public and private.
127
Ventilation Bath chamber
1 3
2
4
5 6
8
9
7
15
10
11 12
13
14
Bath chamber at roof level detail 1)
1:5
2) 3)
M8 masonry anchor bolt : 15 x 100mm bolt ties metal plate into the brick wall. 3mm metal to hold roof light glass. 5mm mortar
4)
4mm silicone sealant
5) 6) 7) 8) 9)
9mm external glazing unit 4mm internal glazing unit 150mm precast concrete 130 x 200 x 65 mm brick stainless steel grill and mesh, preventing insects or debris entering ventilation shaft
128 Environmental strategy
10) 11) 12) 13) 14) 15)
double layer of 110x100x65 mm hollow bricks for natural ventilation. 3mm waterproof membrane 50mm rigid insulation 100mm precast concrete 110 x 100 x 65 mm brick load bearing wall electronically operated insulated metal fins with rubber ends allows air flow for natural ventilation
Reflected lights from of the metal fins will shine on the dark concrete walls like stars in the night sky. As the air leaves the chamber naturally, the metal fins spins starts to spin and the sky starts to move too.
129
Closed ecological system Stem bath chamber 30째C
Cross section of a stem
The stem bath has a closed ecological system. The bath chamber has same dimension and same material as other bath chambers but it has mixture of herbs and moss growing out from the concrete wall. The hot air will rise through the chamber and will condensate on concrete walls and inside of the roof light. Then the water will drip down to the plants on the wall or fall back into bath : rain. The herbs will grow will as the chamber will have high humidity and will get sufficient sunlight. Also it will absorb Carbon dioxide emitted from guests and will breath out Oxygen.
130 Environmental strategy
131
Closed ecological system Stem bath chamber 30째C
Stem Bath chamber at second floor level detail 1) 2) 3)
stainless GSKY top trim secured into trim mounting angle M8 concrete anchor bolt : 15 x 100mm GSKY trim mounting angle
4)
GSKY irrigation drip line
5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12)
132 Environmental strategy
GSKY ss frame 120mm deep GSKY living wall panel herbs 100 - 200mm precast concrete 3mm waterproof membrane 50mm rigid insulation 110 x 100 x 65 mm brick load bearing wall 5mm mortar
1:5
1
2
3 4 5
6
7
8
9
10
11 12
133
Light Sun movement
The building has three facades exposed to daylight : East, North and West. Where most of east facade is solid masonry walls. The main facade receiving sunlights are North and West. On North facade there are two large windows allowing natural light into the pond bath and aromatherapy room. West facade is the most exposed facade. Where it could possibly get over heated during the sunset. However the first and second floor will act as solar shading for ground floor, and for first and second floor, proportion of the facade is set behind trees where it will be shaded from direct sunlight.
134 Environmental strategy
Winter sun
East
Summer sun
South
West
135
Light Natural
i)
Light reflected from the mill pond
ii )
Light reflected from the pond bath
iii)
Direct south light entering from the bath chamber. This light will not reach water level except at noon.
iv)
North light
v)
Strong sunlight from west during sunset
v
i
136 Environmental strategy
iv
iv
ii
137
Light Shading : perforated brick facade
138 Environmental strategy
i
East facade : Lift walkway
ii
Office facade : providing solar shading and privacy
iii
Perforated facade for office and entrance
139
U values Walls and roof
All construction elements comply or exceed the Building Regulations L1 and L2 guidelines.
Material Thickness Brick external wall External Internal
Outside Brick Insulation Brick Inside
Thermal conductivity (k) Thermal conductivity (k)
mm
W/mK
122.5 162.5 215
0.6 0.02 0.6
0.06 0.2 8.13 0.36 0.1
Total resistance
8.85
U value Regualtion Guideline
140 Environmental strategy
m2K/W
0.11 W/m2K 0.3 W/m2K
Material Thickness Pond bath wall External
Internal
Outside Concrete Insulation Concrete Inside
Thermal conductivity (k) Thermal conductivity (k)
mm
W/mK
110 100 275
0.8 0.02 0.8
0.06 0.14 5 0.34 0.1
Total resistance
5.64
U value
Material Thickness Green roof External
Internal
Outside Soil Insualtion Concrete Inside
m2K/W
0.18 W/m2K
Thermal conductivity (k) Thermal conductivity (k)
mm
W/mK
130 100 190
1 0.02 0.8
0.06 0.13 5 0.24 0.1
Total resistance
5.53
U value
m2K/W
0.18 W/m2K
141
142
Part B Part M CDM Health and Safety
Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
Part B Fire strategy
B1 )
Means of Warning & Escape -Automatic fire detection and alarm system fitted in accordance with BS5839-1. -A central monitoring unit will be allocated in the reception, situated near the main exit. -The travel distance does not exceed 45m and from inside of the spa. - Automatic opening roof light of the bath chambers to allow ventilation in case of smoke. - All doors to vertical cores to be fitted with automatic release mechanism. - The minimum width of emergency exit is 1100mm - Every floor consist external evacuation point. - In case of fire in first floor of spa, guests by the external aromatherapy rooms can evacuate to the balcony where it will be protected from fire door. - The spa sits on flood risk zone, therefore staff should be aware of flood, and in sign of flooding all the access to ground floor should be shut down except the plant circulation which is protected from flooding.
B2 )
Internal Fire Spread (Lining)
B4 )
External Fire Spread - External wall constructed from inherently fire resistant materials : concrete and bricks. - Building is at an semi-isolated site, with not many near by properties. - In case of fire from the office building of the Lodgemore mil, the spa is still protected from the large external facade which has no openings. - There has been no report so far, however during spring and autumn when trees are dry, there is possible risk of the hill to caught on fire. In case of the accident visitors and residents in the hill sides can evacuate to the Lodgemore lane by the main public path.
B5 )
Access and Facilities for Fire and Rescue Services - Fire fighting shaft is provided directly from Bath road, where main entrance is located. - Primary fire vehicular access from both Bath road and Lodgemore lane. - Over 15% of perimeter with vehicular access to comply part B section 17.4
-All interior finishes and fixtures to be fire retardant. - Hand held extinguishers will be provided throughout the building. - All areas employ the use of sprinklers. The water will be pumped out from the fresh water tank. -Minimum 60min fire resistance rating on all vertical cores. - Additional hand held fire extinguishers provided high risk areas : kitchens and plant rooms.
B3 )
Internal Fire Spread (Structure) vertical circulation -The main structural materials, concrete and bricks are inherently fire resistant, which is particularly advantageous from the ground floor herb drying room, which contains large amount of dried plants which are highly flammable. - The large plexiglas by the pond bath does not produce as much gas compared to other plastics or natural material. Also it does not emit toxic combustion gases according to DIN 53436.
144 Regulatory compliance
evacuation point fire fighting shaft primary emergency exit route secondary emergency exit route Fire trucks access route
145
Part M Circulation and Access
On of the concept for this project was ‘Inhabitable viaduct’, where easy and direct access everyone was an essential design factor. The main public circulation path which connects Bath road, main entrance, and Lodgemore mill is 3m wide. The difference of the level (8m) provides defense from a possible flood. Disable access to this path from Lodgemore lane is located right next to the main stairs (photo on right), and it is the only possible place to enter on the north facade, therefore it is very easy to notice. The another main disable access for public is located by the main entrance. This circulation core is connected to every floor (without magnetic entrance card access to plant floor will be denied) including the roof top garden, providing fair access to all staffs and public. Alll the stairs and lifts are within the building comply to part M regulations. Circulation routes throughout the building are wider than 1000mm to allow wheelchair users easy movement between different programmes. Also every floor consist of disabled WCs.
146 Regulatory compliance
147
CDM Site health and safety
Management
Material storage & Crane
A CDM Consultant would be initiated into the design team from an early stage to monitor and ensure all regulatory requirements stipulated in CDM(2007) are met throughout the design and construction of the building. Each member of the team must also be aware of his roles and responsibilities and fully trained in health and safety and the hazards of potential risk.
Wherever possible components are fabricated and highly supervised conditions off site, especially the bath chamber concrete cores. This reduces the potential risk of on site construction.
Adequate welfare facilities to be provided on site including toilets, showers, canteen or food preparation area, meeting room and sick bay. Canteen, kitchen, meeting room and sick bay will be placed in the unused storage building (i) which will house sanitation plant when construction has finished. The old water filter tank storage building (ii), which will be reused as part of the project’s water cycle will be used as shower rooms and toilets during construction period.
148 Regulatory compliance
These fabricated units can be delivered to the site by the two main roads (iii) : Lodgemore lane and Bath road. Delivery trucks or other vehicles can be parked at the car parks (iv) provided at both low and high levels of the site. Materials can be stored at (ii) and on the mill pond, as the pond will be emptied during construction process. The delivered fabricated units can be then place by cranes, which can be on the mill pond.
i
iv iii
ii
iii iv
149
Health and Safety Risk & eliminating risk
Excavation
Risk
Means of eliminating risk
Remaining risk reduced
Uncontrolled collapse
Survey the site to establish stability
Safeguard public rights of way by providing hoarding adjacent to excavation
Take care not to undermine foundations
Construction
Hazardous materials
Carry out full survey prior to commencement to establish hazards
Ensure that excavation workers have correct safety equipment, including protective clothing & breathing apparatus
Temporary instability of structure
Use of prefabricated components to attain structural integrity more quickly
Design temporary props and bracing to prevent collapse Restrict access to areas adjacent to components which are unstable
Falls from height
Use of prefabricated components which can be craned into position rather than assembled at height
Provide protection at edges of concrete floor slabs
Falling objects causing injury
Identify areas of overhead working and schedule work to avoid people operating within the high risk area
Provide suitable lifting & tethering equipment as well as safety netting Ensure hard hats are worn at all times
Maintenance
Use
Potential falls from height during: cleaning of roof light of the bath chamber
Access from second floor do clean the roof light by climbing up a ladder or with an expendable pole
Only clean when there is no one below
Maintenance of gardens
Only harvested by staff members who had safety and hazard lesson
Harvest with proper equipment
Falls from height or into ponds (Wetland)
1100mm high barriers to be designed for all places where falling could be a possibility
Harvest with proper equipment
Public injury by slipping or drowning
Safety and hazard signs at appropriate locations Minimum of one life guards are large baths, such as the pond bath
150 Regulatory compliance
151
152
Self assessment
Philosophy & research Site research & analysis Design journal Proposal Tectonics Environmental strategy Regulatory compliance Conclusion
Self assessment Reminisce
Strengths of the work presented
Weakness evident in the work presented
I have spent last few months working on this project, repeating process of imagining and solidifying it. In overall it was an amazing experience and really have enjoyed every single bit of it (even despairs). The development of an exciting brief which focused on personal interests: psychology, architecture, and bathing. I would like to hope that my enthusiasm and enjoyment have been embodied by my work and are evident within the pages of this brochure.
The project which is based on imaginations and hypothesis could be criticised for bordering on fantastical. I am conscious that the philosophical background to the project would have benefited from another few months of research and that there are areas where I could improve my understanding to better justify the design. Especially the relationship between psychology and architecture, as I had no previous knowledge on psychology prior to this project.
The highly challenging(practically) site with poetic settings gave rise to a considerable number of problems, which I have given my best attempts to solve. I believe that I have managed to develop a complex scheme that meets the general requirements of clients and guest using a contemporary architectural language in brutal and minimal style, and focused on imagining different atmosphere and experience one could get from the spaces that I have imagined. The process behind design developments consists of solving practical issue and theoretical implication running parallel to each other. Most of the inspirations of design came from daily life and personal experiences. Which I hope that made this project unique. I believe that the work is relatively well presented although, given the difficulty of explaining any complicated scheme, may contain areas that needed further explanation.
154 Conclusion
In overall the major weakness of my work would be the level of language presented in the brochure, as English is my second language. Especially I found it difficult when I want to describe the thought I had and explore deeply in form of writing. Therefore despite the fact that I have checked over and over again I think there are still several mistakes.
How to improve with additional time With more time I would further develop philosophical research, and details of the design. There are a lot of small details, and decisions I have made through out the project which I was able to talk through during final review which I have not managed to in brochure. If additional time is given, then I would like to add them into the brochure too.
156 Site analysis