Portfolio
of Yuting Sun
Artwork by Chen Qiu'an
Focussing on the urbanizaion We respect the history We emphasize the recent development We think about the future
I
Imbalanced Urbanization in China
Industrialization
The megacities, like Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin have transformed and stepped into the postindustrial age
Contradictions in cities
Urbanization Rate 17% (1977, Reform and Opening) 52% (2012)
Postindustrial age
Urban-rural overall development
Urban population 170mil./949mil. (1977)
The contradictions started with more and more people flooding into big cities, leading to problems of living environment, public health, employment,etc.
Work 1 Greenway for Tianjin P1
Work 2 Trigger Plan P9
Villages' urbanization
Work 3 Forest Home
The imbalanced development between cities and remote areas make the gap between the rich and poor wider.
P 16
Suburban new town
Work 4 Waterfront Design
710mil./1354mil. (2012)
New towns grow rapidly in these recent years, along with renewal of the current old towns.
P 21
Urban sprawl Urban expansion Megacities are keeping expanding due to the increasing number of people and economic interest.
Other works
Work 5 Hollowed density P 25
P 31
II
Greenway for Tianjin
Industrial Heritage Preservation and Reuse Advisor: Dan Li, Xiaoyu Zhang Personal/Academic Work Professional, 2013 Winter Basic materia from Tianjin Urban Planning & Design Institute
During the fast process of urbanization in China, the cities’ development has expanded into a bigger scale, carving into the industrial districts surrounding the city. This happens more in the large industrial cities in particular, like Tianjin, which was one of the major industrial center across the country during the 1910s - 1950s. The industrial companies are retreating to the newly established Binhai New Area in the recent decade considering the deterioration of living environment and high cost of economical investment, leaving a huge amount of valuable industrial heritage behind. Chentang railway, which connected Tianjin West Railway Station with Chentang Industrial Park, will out of use in 2015 according to the new planning policy. Since it links several big factories with high industrial value, the idea of Greenway for Tianjin came out in the recent years. The Green Way proposal expands the idea of industrial renewal. The final goal is to create a green belt inside the city, maximizing the beneficial public impacts of industrial and ecological heritage.
1
Green belt The green belt contribute certain urban ecology value by providing a continuous linear green space.
Industrial memory The old factories witnessed the history and development of the city and should be preserved.
Public infrastructure The community facilities and transformed factories provides recreational use for people.
Tianjin Railway History
CHENTANG RAILWAY starts with TJ Western Railway Station and ends up in Chentang Industrial Park, covering almost a quarter of the central city. There are many parks and cultural infrastructure surround it, which could be linked together and form a system by the Greenway. Many of the land beside the railway has developed into residence, but still a huge mount of land remain Industrial blocks and unused.
1881- Jingshan Railway The first railway in China
1888- Tangjin Railway Directed by Zhan Tianyou
TJ Western Railway Station TJ Railway Station Green Water Park
1888- Tianjin Railway Station The first comprehensive station
1911- Jinpu & Jingfeng was connected in Tianjin The initial railway network established
1918- The first primary and middle school of railway workers
1931- Beining Park The first recreational park for railway workers
1958- Chentang railway At the service of Chentang industrial park
TJ Tractor Factory Houtai Wetland Park
TJ Culture Center
Tianjin Water Park
Tianjin City Hall Chentang Industrial Park
Nanping Green Park
Tianjin Tower Olympic Center MJ Convention & Exhibition Center
Transportation hub Industrial land
Residence land Green space
Commercial land Unused land
Existed Subway Planning Subway
2
Approach Phasing of GREENWAY FOR TIANJIN 2 Years
4 Years
Step 2: Entertainment
Step 3: System
Add access to railway & improve the vegetation surround
Improve the recreation facilities in the residential section
Complete the pedestrian & bicycle system
8 Years
10 Years
12 Years
Step 4: Industrial Renewal
Step 5: Regional Ecosystem
Step 6: Green Way
Preserve & redevelop the 2 industrial sites
Reconstruct the wetland and repair the broken links
Complete the Chengtang Green Way
Tiantuo Chentangzhuang
Final
N Years
4 Kinds of Reconstruction
Final: Green Way circle
Add access to railway & improve the vegetation surround
Complete the circle when another half of railway is out of use in the future
ecological protection recreation space cultural rebuilt multi-function reconstruction
3
6 Years
Step 1: Access & Vegetation
Existing Residential Public service Rail way
Industrial Green spce River
unused land
Proposed Strategy 1: Eco-system re-design Natural eco-green belt Vegetation repair vegetation rebuilt
Strategy 2: Connected with people Industrial site Recreation facility location Pedestrian & bicycle trail
Tiantuo Creative Park
Houtai Wetland Park
600m 600m
Chentang Loft
Waihuan Wetland Park
27km
N 0
1 Km 2 Km
4 Km 4
2. Eco-recreation 1. Rest place for animal
Giving people chance for eco-trip inside city and get close to nature
3. Gathering place Back yard garden for residents surround the railway. Promoting communication among communities, especially for children and the old
Theme parks in waterworks and museums in old factories.
Providing a piece of habitat for animals in the city
ecological protection
5
4. Non-profit public facilities
recreation space
cultural rebuilt
5. Ecological detention Transforming memorable industrial parks into cultural and creative Parks, protectively develop the industrial heritage for cafeteria, loft, gym, etc.
multi-function reconstruction
Urban Design of
N
Tianjin Tractor Factory
Coach Station Factory Building
Location
Factory Building
State Grid
Factory Building
Trees
Railway
Subway Station
Traffic Reorganization
Preserved Buildings & Vegetation
New Residential & Commercial Construction
Land use
commercial education
residential factory bldg
6
N 0
Users office worker
50m
Active Density 6
8
visitor & customer 7
22
10 6
8
22 18
9
Full-time Occupied
Activities 17
artist resident
200m
21
6
working, dining, relaxing painting, exhibition, producing exercising, purchasing
22
dining, shopping, visiting
9
14
18
21
22
Original Frame
hin g Teac
B u il
Add Walls and Floors
Divide Space
d in g Common Room Dinning Hall, etc Classroom
Original Factory
Add Floors and Rebuilt Walls
Build up Connections
Galler y
Big Art Works Small Art Works
Lof t
Original Big Workshop
Cut in the Middle
Bridges
Make Differences
Office Building Common Rooms
Streets in Creative Park
Landscape of Railway
Loft
8
Trigger Plan Advisor: Jinli Li, Dachang Yuan Collaborator: Yang Zhao, Lei Jing, Jingyi Zhang Role: Site Analysis, Conceptual Analysis, Land Use, Part of Urban Design Academic, 2012 Fall
The cities are expanding every day with more and more people flooding in. The new inventions like expressway, viaducts, and intercity train are favorable and adopted as the solutions for fast transiting through or between cities. The car speed may increase temporarily but not for long. The quality of people's life, however, is severely compromised when the expressway and viaducts cut the city apart, and the rich and poor were separated. Urban villages formed with no public facilities and public transportation access. Along with the problems of lack of energy and industrial district inside the city, we proposed a reformational new try. All of the problems mentioned above make it the best test field of TOD community which already proved successful in many cities overseas. This might be the trigger for a reform in a greater range and finally weave a public transportation network throughout the city. A guiding principle of the proposal is to eliminate the imbalance, promoting the general health of city & it's neighborhood. Although the backgrounds of TOD are slightly different, it is still a promising method to promote the urbanization in big cities.
9
用地现状图
Site Analysis Status Quo
The planning site is cut apart into 4 parts by the 2 expressway and the railway, and they are isolated from each other. The northeast part is Shuimutiancheng residential area with comfortable house and good environment. The northwest part is mainly occupied with factories. The other two parts on the south are full of urban villages and unused land. The South Canal passes through these parts, making them of potential good living environment.
Land Use Miyun Road
outer ring
Express way
Beichen district
Xiqing
Xiqing district
Hongqiao district
Railway
Xiqing
Road
Miyun
center of the city
Planning subway station
Road
Nankai district
The planning site locates in the edge of the central city.
The land belongs to 3 different districts, thus the administrative influence is weak.
Viaduct
The site is very close to TJ West Station, the sub-center of the city, and is divided by express way and railway. 2 subway station is on the plan now.
Living Condition
Transportation
Quality of Building
good fair poor very poor green space water
Conflicts
Pollution & Unused land
Tianjin West Station
Road
residence village commerce school public service industry green space municipal utility unused land
Industty
Traffic & Road
express way main road secondary road branch road
10
00m R=2 00m R=2
R= 40 0m
The site with problems below desperately need change and renewal to improve the general public health. The coming opportunity of planning subway stations make it the best test field of TOD community, which can promote public transportation, convenient neighborhood and energy efficiency.
R= 40 0m
Planning Strategy 0m 80 R= 0m 80 R=
00m
Fast urbanization process
TOD Test Field
R=2
Terrible living condition
Solution
00m
Energy Deficiency
Opportunity
The planning subway station
R= 40 0m
Complex Land use
R=2
Problems
Viaduct & Expressway
R= 40 0m
Commercial prototype
0m 80 R= 0m 80 R=
Residential prototype
0 80
50
00 m
m
Ecological recovery
R=
Diverse waterfront
TOD community
m
Large-scale open space
0 40
Program mix
Human scale Social life Public safety Public health Accessibility Traffic improvement Reduce commuting Waste reduction Energy Efficiency Water saving Recreation Education Environmental awareness Micro-climate improvement Air quality Water quality Habitat Self sustaining Place identity Employment opportunity Land value
Projects
R=
Urban compactness
Benefits
R=
Goals
Public green space Subway - Bus Network
Subway surrounding commerce
The Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) plan in the site is the first try, maybe adopted in the whole city if successful, to solve the regional problem of bad living condition, terrible environment, and energy efficiency relying on the increasingly developed mass transit system combined with bus stations network covering the whole city. The final goal is to provide good neighborhood with good living environment, public open space, and adequate public facilities in walk distance . 11
Regional Transit Network
Urban Design
Land Use
46.5%--197.6ha
9.4%-----40ha 11.4%---48.5ha 1.9%-----8.1ha 30.8%---130.9ha
residence commerce school administration cultural falility sports hospital warehouse parking & station municipal utility green land green buffer intercity transportation
N 0
200m
800m
12
Analysis of 2 TOD Blocks Formation At the subway station, we propose 2 TOD blocks. The first one is the combination of commercial and residential type. The second one is the commercial type.
80
80
13
0m
0m
Status quo
Road network
Land use
Open space network
Urban design
Existing building & retained building
Respecting the existing roads and streets
Inc. residential, residential/retail, retail/office, green space
Inc. linear park combined with rivers and green spots
Design intention
Block Development 0m 25
Retail/office
0 30
m
Block
Towers
Podiums
Towers
Medium Height
High Rise
0m 35
Retail/residential
Podiums
100
Block
m
0 30
Residential
m m 150
Block
14
Gathering Square End squares and entrance for the central park Gathering place for teenagers and old people
Green island Traffic function, gathering place for some events
Central Park Leisure, rest and recreation center for all residents
Community park Neighborhood open space between communities Communication center for residents nearby Linear Park Leisure space for nearby residents, also making the green space permeating into the communities. 15
motor vihecle
bicycle
pedestrian
Forest Home
土
土
砖 砖 荒地
砖
杉 砖 砖
土
杉 土 土
Advisor: Xiaoyu Zhang / Personal Work / Academic, 2012 Fall
杉 杉
破
枫树 土
土
杉 棚 烤烟房 土
杉
杂 土
The urban-rural integration development is the top issue of the urbanization process in China recently. The life, economy, and culture are quite different between cities and villages, which result in the unique binary structure of urban and rural areas in China. In order to keep pace with the growth, the remote villages have to find their own ways. Forest Home is a tourism product in Fujian Province which is located in the south of China. It is promoted by the government relying on good forest and recreational landscape. Making full use of the ecological resources and the original rural features, it provide tourists with health local diet, accommodation and entertainment pleasure. It also reflects the urge for people living in the cities to get out and get close to nature.
烤
土 土
厕
土
砖
钢
破
候车亭
水泥
破 水泥
砖
破 混3
棚
砖
棚
砖 砖
木2
棚 水泥
破
棚 棚
砖 土
土
棚
砖
土2
木
砖
砖 砖2
砖 砖
水泥
混3（建）
砖
混3
砖2
水泥
混3
水泥
土
棚 破
棚
砖 木
棚 砖
砖
砖
基
砖
砖
混3 水泥
砖2
棚
砖
木
水泥
砖
砖
棚 木
井
木2
砖
钢 砖2
砖
砖
砖2
破
砖
砖
砖
砖
木
砖
棚 棚
砖
砖2
砖
棚
砖
砖 棚
棚
水泥
混4
砖
砖 土
砖
砖
砖 水泥
砖
水泥
空地
混3
砖
混3
砖2
混3
砖
砖 棚
砖
土
混2
棚
砖 棚
砖 土
土 水泥
烤
砖
砖
砖
砖
土
水泥
砖 砖2
棚
棚
土 水泥
砖
混3 混3
砖
砖2 砖 混2
棚
砖
水泥
砖
球
混2 水泥 砖
菜棚 菜棚
砖
砖
菜棚 混2
土
砖
土
棚
烤
土
棚
水泥
2011年12月数字化测图. 1980年西安坐标系 1985国家高程基准,等高距为1米. 1996年版图式.
测量员：吴礼诚 绘图员：黄惠忠 检查员：芮爱凤
16
Township Kunfang Reservoir
Kunfang
Old Temple
Xiang Mountain
Danxilong Mountain
Site Analysis Elevation
Distribution of Village
kunfang
kunfang
Tourism Resource
Transport Planning
kunfang kunfang
Kunfang
Daiyun Mountain (5.3 km away)
Site
Xiang Mountain (1.5 km away)
Looking to the North Kunfang, where the site locates, is a village very close to the township. There is a county road passing this village under construction, which will definitely facilitate the travel there. Also, there are a lot of scenic spots surround it including a old temple and Kunfang reservoir. The convenient transport and good scenery make it a good place for Forest Home.
Lufeng Mountain(4.0 km away) Xiang Mountain (1.5 km away)
Site
Looking to the South Lufeng Mountain(4.0 km away) Old Temple
17
Looking to the West
Site
The location of the planning site is quite good with Xiang Mountain on the east back and an agricultural basin to the west. The sight is also perfect standing in the village. We can see 3 mountains and a valley in the site far or close. All mountains are covered with forest, which is really a visual and mental relaxation for people.
/thousand
Tourist Trips
7000 5970
5000 4000
ry tte
po
scen ery
& tea
s custom
6000
3000 2000 1000 0 /million
1670 2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Forest Home Revenue
500
ture
raft
e nt
200 100
rn m
0
76 2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
ve
Numbers of Forest Home (2011)
Ma
60 50
tran
spor
tatio
n
42
40 30
Go
20 73 0-2 007 )
10
Nanping
Sanming
Longyan
Zhangzhou
Local Diet
Xiamen
Ecoagriculture
Quanzhou
The dynamic mechanism of Forest Home include 3 parts: Self- attractions, Market, and Government support. The Self-attractions like history, culture, scenery, customs are the internal motivations and premise. The increasingly prosperous tourism market is the engine that represent the people’s urge of travelling. Along with the governmental support, some public infrastructures and facilities are built and documents and policies are published to encourage villages adopting tourism. Forest Home, as a kind of rural tourism mode, is perfectly qualified with these three features.
Putian
ent
m ain ert ent
experience
atio n
edu c
nce
fina
Products
Ningde
0
Fu nd ing
Fuzhou
io ns &
320
300
handc
y
DB 35 T
400
h
i
s
y high wa
ic pol
lf- at t ra c t
ry isto
on
e( m Ho at ul est For ation Reg e lu Eva Hom Fores on & st t Home Classificati Fore
Se
et
itec
rk
arch
Rural Tourism Sightseeing
Culture Experience
Health Resort 18
current situation wood brick rammed earth concrete bad conditon membrane
Step 1: Preserved building
Step 2: Clear remnant
Step 3: Texture repair
Step 4: Open space rebuilt
N 0 19
25m
50m
Rest Home
Administration Center
Potery House Tea House
Sales Center
Museum Tower
Theater Stage
Courtyard & Zhongting
Roof
Dwellings
Wharf Wall The guide line of transformation is to protect the original characteristics of the village, though in order to create more recreational activities for tourists, Some dwellings will change into or leave some space for exhibition and commercial use in a protective way. The public buildings constructed the local cultural entertainment. People can experience the local culture, and the culture can be spread out as well. The architectural characteristics of the local dwellings are quite distinctive, the narrow streets, wooden or mud structure, the special wharf wall, particularly the tiny courtyard and the half-indoor activity space called Zhongting where most of family activities are taken place. Visitors can personally experience the local life style by living with the villagers.
Streets
20
Waterfront Renovation Design Hangu, Tianjin
Advisor: Jinli Li Collaborator: Yizhen Wang Role: Case Study, Part of Urban Design, Section, Rendering Professional, 2013 Summer
21
Ji Canal
Hangu
Hangu New Town
City Center Core
Waterfront Area in the cener of new town
Teda Hangu Devision
Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city
Binhai New Area of Tianjin
Aircraft Carrier Park
Hangu
Hangu New Town
The planning site locates in the center of Hangu New Town, so the waterfront is much more valuable and important than other area. The environment on both sides of the river is good. But the only problem is that the required flood-prevention level is much higher than the ordinary water level and the ground level.
Site Analysis
West of the River Current Problem 4.8m
Floodwall 1.0m
1.5m
The heigh slope of floodwall prevent people from getting close to the riverfront
m 250 Solution J I C A N A L
Hexi Park
Add a new track down the slope, making it possible for people to either get close to the river or watch it on the bank.
Riverfront Park
East of the River Riverfront Square
Current Problem 4.8m 1.5m
2.2 km
Riverfront Park
Solution
2.0m
The unwalkable straight floodwall directly prevent people from seeing the river. Widen the bank to create a platform for sightseeing with commercial services below. Also add a new track close to water. 22
Short Term of the East
Long Term of the East The east of the river is the old town right now and was planned to rebuild in the future. So the riverfront can connect to the near blocks overhead, organizing a tree-dimensional traffic and eventually magnifying the vitality of riverfront.
A
A
The tend of human-controlled growth merging Section A-A
B
23
B
Floodwall
Walk Path
West of the River
Building
East of the River
5.5m
5.5m 1.5m
1.5m
Current floodwall
5.5m Current floodwall
5.5m 1.5m
1.5m Current floodwall
Section B-B
24
HOLLOWED DENSITY
Colonizing the urban underground Advisor: Xin Wang / Collaborator: Linqi Zhang, Qing Zhao, Yichen Xu, Jinyuan Yang Role: Site Analysis, Comceptual Analysis, Programming, Graph Drawing / Acdemic, 2012 Summer Old or young, an energetic city is constantly changing and transforming . Some areas are regenerated, and some areas are dying. Density is one of the prominent feathers in this process. Changes in the density should result in quality alternation to a system. The evolution of accessibility will be explored through a self-organized system in the direction of human behavior. There are many kinds of voids in a city. It could be public space, such as plaza, green space or underground space. These areas provide potential of changes in local density, which enable the city to adapt to future situations.
Prototype –– Salt Pond The rules and phenomenon of the great nature could be interesting and inspiring sometimes. The natural merging pattern of salt ponds can be considered to represent the law of metropolis urbanization which also turn out to be expanding day af ter day. We simulate the process of growing by combining the natural merging and the urban one conducted by social factors. 25
In our research, the hollows are liken to the separated underground spaces. They can expand and eventually link together if certain attraction appears, maybe a subway station, a museum, a shopping center, etc. Also, some underground spaces might be shrunk and even abandoned under the market law. It is just the same with the growing process of salt ponds mergence.
scenic spot
adding point
shopping center
subway station
shopping mall
deserted
26
Site Analysis
status quo This experimental study is finally used on Shanghai, the biggest metropolis in China, which is the economic center of the country. With less and less space available for further development overground, p e o p l e s t ar t to l o o k in g fo r th e p ossib ili ti es underground . But according to the former experience, the free grow will result in problems, waste of land, terrible environment, excessive development, etc. So to help the underground city well developed in the future, what can we do about this?
River
After finishing the basic data collection, we designed the merging principle for the process as the ideal human-controlled growth of the underground city.
Green land
Flow Chart of Merging Principle First
Initial state
Satisfied Unsatisfied
Control Points
Subway
Merging result
Extract the increased circles Control Points
Satisfied
Unsatisfied Merging esult Go on until satisfied
27
High-rise building
Satisfied
Unsatisfied
Merging Results The tend of self-growth merging
Current status
10 years later
20 years later
30 years later
Nodes’ changes
Initial State Left Point Added Point
10 years later
20 years later
30 years later
The tend of human-controlled growth merging
Current status
10 years later
20 years later
30 years later 28
Natural Mergence
The result shows that under the natural growth of underground, the city will expand quickly near the main center, which will lead to further series possible problems of land waste, low energy efficiency, low transit efficiency, etc. Then in the human-controlled growth, the underground city grows much more systematical through removing the nodes lacking energy, adding nodes where we expect to grow. The goal is to restrict the urban sprawling underground. The result is an ideal control variate method of study, which we only estimate the natural mergence with or without human control.
Controlled Mergence
29
Subway Station
Renmin square railway station
Jing'an temple
Renmin square railway station
Sketch of the Underground
30
Other works
Overall Planning of Xiuwu, Henan Advisor: Xiaoyu Zhang Academic, 2013 spring
31
Boyu New Area in Weihai, Shandong Advisor: Xiaoyu Zhang Academic, 2012 fall
Disaster Prevention Design for UA Competition
Urban Design in Tianshui, Gansu province
Advisor: Peng Zeng Academic, 2012 fall
Advisor: Xin Hou Academic, 2012 spring
Residential Design Advisor: Xifang Xing Academic, 2011 fall
Surveying and Mapping of Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty Advisor: Peng Cao Academic, 2011 summer
Dynamic Skin Construction
Villa Design
Advisor: Zhantang Miao Academic, 2011 spring
Advisor: Yan Li Academic, 2010 fall
32