Hartley Village
Ian Wong Design Report 7122AR | AP2
Contents
1
Introduction
5
Hartley Village Scheme
7
Structure & Facade
18
Envrionmental Strategy
21
Interior & Light Study
25
Model Photographs
29
Design Journal Sketches
31
Hartley Village The Hartley Village scheme located in Liverpool, adjacent the disused Hartley Jam factory, is a scheme which encourages social communication and diversity. The aim of the scheme is to bring variances of family structures together. Varying from singles to families of up to five, Hartley Village caters to a wide range of people. Visually, the scheme contrasts from the existing materiality and architecture surrounding the site to emit a more contemporary appearance. Within the wider context of the site, situates schools, recreational areas and other factories which highlights the diversification of family structures. The scheme endeavours to bring people together through the means of communication. The houses of Hartley Village connect through shared balconies which encourages this. The flexibility of spaces within the houses means that the inhabitant has the opportunity to make it their own and cater to their specific needs. The option of extending the houses becomes an easy process due to the simplicity of the structure. By allowing for a flexible ground floor space, it enables the residents to transform their houses into spaces which become unique. Three courtyards have been created to enhance the external public realm which can be accessed from the balconies of the houses. By enabling access from the balconies, the courtyards become a semi-private space where the varying family types can gather, creating a small community. Each courtyard has it’s own distinct atmosphere and use which caters to all. by having two semi-private courtyards surrounding a central public square, it enables the residents of Hartley Village to retain some privacy but they are also only a stones throw away from an open public space where various activities will take place.
5
6
Hartley Village
Site Area - 5626sqm
Location - Liverpool
Site Footprint
Educational/Recreational Facilities
Encouraging Diversity & Communication
7
Housing Module Permutations
Matching Family Structures to typologies
1 bed 2-3 bed 4-5 bed
Diagrammatic Development
Vehicle routes & Parking
Ground floor extension opportunity
Courtyard Access from Balconies
Proposed Car Access
Core Study
Privacy through window placement
8
Prefabrication of Modules
Floor Plans
Ground Floor
First Floor
Second Floor 9
Elevation
Exploded Axonometric of typical module combination
10
Shared Balcony
Communal External Space
Circulation to Courtyards
Car parking/Extension Option
A
A
11
Sectional Perspective A-A 12
13
14
15
16
17
Hartley Village - Structure & Facade The construction of the Hartley Village house, will be mainly prefabricated using SIPs. This is to enable for a cheaper construction method and a lower construction time as the SIPs are prefabricated off site. Due to the modular design of the houses, it is an ideal construction method. The concrete clad is lightweight which allows the main construction of the buildings to be made from SIP. Materials will be locally sourced when possible as it reduces the carbon footprint of the construction phase. All timbers used within the building will be FSC certified to ensure that there is a low environmental impact. Windows which face the south and the roof windows will be made from solar photovoltaic glass to allow for energy generation. However, the solar PV glass will not be used for all windows as they may not be efficient due to the lack of exposure to the sunlight. This will ensure that there is no unnecessary extra cost when constructing the building. The remaining windows will be made with an Aerogel additive which enhances the glass in terms of thermal insulation, light and sound insulation. The interior of the house will be finished with a sound insulated plasterboard where necessary. This will reduce the sound entering the building from the main roads and the courtyards. On some walls, there will be a double layer of plasterboard. The purpose for this is to increase fire resistance of the door. Each internal door will be FD60 which allows for 60 minutes of fire protection. The ceilings of each housing type will consist of metal web joists which allow for the servicing of the house to run through.
FACADE BUILD-UP The facade consists of a lightweight concrete cladding which is up to 1/3 the weight of standard concrete with a smooth finish on the exterior. The choice of lightweight concrete is due to the fact that the main structure of the house is made from SIPs, which means that the weight of the facade must be kept to a minimum. The concrete clad panels will be attached to the SIPs using metal L brackets which are tied on through the damp proof membrane. The dpm must run along the whole building as the facade is a rain screen cladding system. To ventilate between the cladding and the SIPs, there is a 55mm cavity. There are also small ventilation cavities between the concrete cladding panels.
18
1:20 FACADE & SECTION DETAIL The second floor is solely for living where up to three bedrooms are located. Each bedroom has large window openings which are triple glazed with an argon fill to reduce the amount of heat loss.
The first floor is where the kitchen and living space is which opens out onto a shared balcony with other houses via bi-folding doors. From the balcony, the semiprivate courtyards can be accessed.
The ground floor is a space for working which also consists of the storage and utility area. This has the potential to be extended to under the balcony area. The exterior facade is made from a lightweight rain screen concrete cladding.
FLOOR TO WALL DETAIL SPECIFICATION
WINDOW TO WALL DETAIL SPECIFICATION
1. 450mm DEEP FOUNDATION 2. EXTERNAL GROUND LEVEL 3. 13mm ANCHOR BOLT TO BE INSTALLED AS A PREREQUISITE TO PLACING THE SIPS ON TOP 4. DAMP PROOF COURSE 5. 215 x 50mm TREATED SILL PLATE FOR THE SIP TO SIT ON. CONNECTED WITH ANCHOR BOLT 6. 95mm KOOLTHERM K110 PLUS SOFFIT BOARD INSULATION 7. 57mm SCREED WITH UNDERFLOOR HEATING PIPES 8. 7.5mm DEPTH LOCALLY SOURCED LAMINATE FLOORING WHICH IS FSC APPROVED 9. FIELD INSTALLED SIP BOTTOM PLATE WITH SEALANT. ANCHOR BOLT AND NAIL CONNECTION TO TREATED SILL PLATE 10. 55mm AIR CAVITY TO VENTILATE THE RAIN SCREEN CLADDING FROM THE SIP 11. 45mm x 45mm x 5mm STAINLESS STEEL L BRACKETS TO ATTACH CLADDING TO SIPS 12. 1200mm x 900mm x 30mm PORAVER LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE RAINSCREEN CLADDING 13. 1200mm x 900mm x 215mm KINGSPAN TEK STRUCTURALLY INSULATED PANEL 14. 2.5mm THICK VAPOUR BARRIER 15. 25mm THICK DOUBLE PLY PLASTERBOARD FOR FIRE RESISTANCE 16. 20mm THICK SOUND INSULATED PLASTERBOARD FOR ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES
17. ALUMINIUM SILL FLASHING TO MATCH WINDOW FRAME 18. WINDOW SEALANT 19. OLSEN ALUMINIUM INSULATED WINDOW FRAME WITH TRIPLE GLAZED ARGON FILL AEROGEL WINDOWS 20. 2.5mm THICK VAPOUR BARRIER 21. 95mm KOOLTHERM K110 PLUS SOFFIT BOARD WINDOW INSULATION 22. INTERNAL ALUMINIUM SILL TO MATCH WINDOW FRAME 23. DAMP PROOF MEMBRANE RUNNING ALONG SIP
FLOOR TO WALL DETAIL
ROOF TO WALL DETAIL SPECIFICATION 24. 20mm THICK SOUND INSULATED PLASTERBOARD FOR ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES 25. 125mm METAL WEB JOIST WITH SERVICE VOID 26. SERVICES VOID TO ALLOW FOR ELECTRICAL WIRES 27. 20mm TIMBER BOARD TO SIT ON TOP OF METAL WEB JOIST 28. 95mm KOOLTHERM K110 PLUS SOFFIT BOARD INSULATION 29. 20mm TIMBER BOARD TO SIT ON TOP OF SOFFIT BOARD INSULATION 30. 1200mm x 900mm x 215mm KINGSPAN TEK STRUCTURALLY INSULATED PANEL 31. TIMBER CANT STRIP TO AVOID SHARP BEND IN ROOFING MATERIALS 32. DAMP PROOF COURSE 33. ANDERSON BITUMEN ROOFING MATERIAL 34. 2.5mm THICK VAPOUR BARRIER 35. PARAPET COPING 36. TIMBER ANGLED WOOD BLOCKING
WINDOW TO WALL DETAIL
ROOF TO WINDOW DETAIL
19
20
Hartley Village - Environmental Strategy The aim of the Hartley Village environmental strategy is to have as little impact on the environment as possible whilst ensuring the inhabitants are comfortable within their own homes. The importance of having active and passive systems which have little or no environmental impact is crucial due to the rising demands of carbon-free architecture. By incorporating new materials such as Aerogel glass and solar photovoltaic windows to produce energy, the carbon footprint of a typical house typology is reduced. Underfloor heating enables a more consistent flow of heat into a space which increases the thermal comfort of an inhabitant whilst also reducing the cost of energy. The stairwells in each typology are lit by roof windows which also allow for stack ventilation to cool the building. Other windows are typically quite large due to only single-sided ventilation being possible in those spaces. Whilst direct sunlight in certain spaces may not be suitable, it can be countered by the use of blinds or other forms of solar shading.
Summer Solstice - 12pm
UNDERFLOOR HEATING Underfloor heating will be used on the ground floor to heat the building as it creates a much more consistent heat flow throughout rooms in comparison to a standard wall radiator. It also has very little maintenance costs once installed. Underfloor heating also has a 70% radiation rate which means that much less heat is lost. Due to the pipes being within the floor structure of the house, it eliminates the eye sore of wall-hung radiators and frees up space within the house which could prove to be very useful, especially within the one bed apartment typologies.
Winter Solstice - 12pm
Active Strategies RAINWATER HARVESTING
COMBINED HEAT & POWER
A rainwater collection system will be installed underneath the decking. This allows rainwater to be collected and used within the house as it is connected to the plumbing system of the house. They are a sustainable product which can last up to 20 years and can be easily re-used and reinstalled if moving houses. The rainwater hog system filters the water and The units are discreet and take up little area.
Combined heat and Power system installed within the utility room of each house. However, by replacing the natural gas used in standard CHP boilers with a biofuel, the overall carbon footprint of the building will decrease greatly. CHP boilers are a highly efficient method of creating electricity and heat through the process of combustion. The efficiency of a CHP boiler can be as high as 90%. This system will be used to heat the water within the building and also provide electricity for the artificial lighting.
HEAT & ELECTRICITY
CHP SYSTEM
FUEL
21
OVERALL ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY
Indirect north sunlight through large windows and openings on the first and second floor. The large openings will also allow for the spaces to be well ventilated to prevent overheating.
22
Solar PV windows will also be used on parts of the building which receive large amounts of sunlight. They will not be used on all windows as the efficiency of the photovoltaics may not be succifcient.
A Greywater recycling system will be installed within the house which allows the water used from sinks and showers to be re-used to flush the toilets. This reduces the amount of water used by up to 50% which lowers the environmental impact of the building.
Aerogel triple glazed windows to provide better sound insulation in comparison to regular glass. The light is also diffused which reduces the amount of direct glare through the glass. This will help the south facing rooms from receiving too much light. The Aerogel windows have a U-value of 0.64W/m²K per 25mm which reduces heat loss.
Direct sunlight enters the house from the south facade of the building. Due to the Aerogel windows, the light is diffused to reduce the amount of glare that the rooms will receive. The windows are also slightly recessed which provides some solar shading.
The Facade facing the south side receives direct sunlight. To reduce the glare, solar shading may be necessary although the need for them is reduced by the recessing of windows and the Aerogel glass as it diffuses the light.
The balconies pull cold air through the openings acting as a courtyard and ventilate the spaces. The staircase is a vital feature to the ventilation strategy as the stale air can travel up through this space from the surrounding rooms and out through the roof windows. However, some of the spaces do not have a direct passage through to the staircase. This means that only single sided ventilation is possible.
Some spaces within the building are only suitable for single sided ventilation which is why the openings are generally large in these rooms. Some spaces which use single sided ventilation will have openings towards the staircase which means that stack ventilation is a possibility. As shown in the diagram (left), stale air is leaving the building through the roof windows. This is where the staircase is located.
23
24
Hartley Village - Interior & Light Study The interior of the Hartley Village houses caters to different types of family, ranging from single people to families of up to five. Due to neighbouring houses being separated by a single wall, it is important to consider the acoustics of each house. Sound insulated materials will be used to ensure that there is no unnecessary noise between houses. To encourage the social diversity aspect of the design, there are first floor balconies which connect between houses which encourages communication between the different family typologies. Each house will consist of the essential spaces required to live in. The furniture and furnishings of the houses will be almost identical and will only differ in terms of available space. Due to the orientation of the houses being slightly different in areas around the site, some houses may receive less light than others. To counteract this, there will be some artificial lighting installed but also larger windows to enable indirect light to enter these spaces. Each house which contains a balcony, will have access to it directly from the kitchen, creating an alfresco eating area. Due to the potential of up to four houses sharing the same balcony space, there is a higher likelihood of inhabitants communicating with each other. Underneath the balconies is an external space which provides the potential of an extension of the existing house or it can simply be used as a car port for those who own vehicles. Living areas such as the bedroom, kitchen and lounge will have larger windows due to the time spent in these spaces being much longer than others.
Sectional Sun Study
The plans show how the direct South light enters the building at 12pm during the summer solstice. On the ground floor plan, there will be a lack of light due to the sheltering of the balcony. This will be resolved by creating larger window openings along the other walls and some articifial lighting. However some spaces may not need direct south light as indirect sunlight from the north may be more suitable to the space.
Summer Solstice - 12pm
Winter Solstice - 12pm
25
Interior Specification Windows Aerogel windows which diffuse the light entering the building which in turn reduces the glare. On the south facing facades and the roof, there will be solar photovoltaic glass installed to provide a renewable energy source. Aerogel also has acoustic qualities which reduce the incoming noise from the courtyards and main roads surrounding the site. The windows also have a low U-value which reduce the amount of heat loss. Walls SIPs will make up the main structure of the building. The internal finish will consist of sound insulated plasterboard to increase the quality of the acoustics within the house. Due to houses being connected directly through a single wall, the sound insulated plasterboard will reduce the noise being heard from adjacent houses.
Ground Floor - Flexible Space
Floors Underfloor heating will be installed as the main heating system to enable a more consistent flow of heat through spaces in comparison to the typical wall-hung radiator. They also have very little maintenance costs and are not visible within the spaces. These will be controlled within the building manually. Laminate flooring for the living spaces will be used and sourced from an FSC certified company, reducing the environmental impact. Floor tiles made from recycled materials.
Masterplan Aerial View
Doors FSC certified timber doors with an FD60 fire protection rating.
First Floor Floor - Living Room
26
Section through one bed house
Electrical Energy saving light bulbs will be used throughout the whole house to reduce the amount of electricity used. The placement of lights will be carefully chosen to give the most consistent spread within a room and reduce the number of lights needed. Strip lighting will be used in the larger living areas as the light will be spread more evenly.
27
28
Hartley Village - Model Photographs
29
30
Hartley Village - Design Journal Sketches
31
32