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FINAL YEAR PROJECTS IEEE PROJECTS 2013-2014 CONTACT: 9940098300, 9500075001 E-Mail:zebrosprojects@gmail.com
Office Address: No 4 / Flat No 3D, Sai Kiran Apts, First Main Road, Kasturba Nagar, Chennai-20 web: www.zebros.in e mail : zebrosprojects@gmail.com mob: 99400 98300,9500075001
ZEBROS PROJECTS LOCALIZATION OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS IN THE WILD: PURSUIT OF RANGING QUALITY ABSTRACT Localization is a fundamental issue of wireless sensor networks that has been extensively studied in the literature. Our real-world experience from green Orbs, a sensor network system deployed in a forest shows that localization in the wild remains very challenging due to various interfering factors. In this paper, we propose CDL, a Combined and Differentiated Localization approach for localization that exploits the strength of range-free approaches and range-based approaches using received signal strength indicator (RSSI). A critical observation is that ranging quality greatly impacts the overall localization accuracy. To achieve a better ranging quality, our method CDL incorporates virtual-hop localization, local filtration, and ranging-quality aware calibration. We have implemented and evaluated CDL by extensive real-world experiments in green Orbs and large-scale simulations. Our experimental and simulation results demonstrate that CDL outperforms current state-of-art localization approaches with a more accurate and consistent performance. For example, the average location error using CDL in green Orbs system is 2.9 m, while the previous best method SISR has an average error of 4.6 m. DESCRIPTIONS This work is motivated by the need for accurate location information in green Orbs, a large-scale sensor network system deployed in a forest. An indispensable element in various green Orbs applications is the location information of sensor nodes for purposes such as fire risk evaluation, canopy closure estimates, microclimate observation, and search and rescue in the wild. Our real-world experiences of green Orbs reveal that localization in the wild remains very challenging, in spite of great efforts and results developed in the literature. The challenges come from various Office Address: No 4 / Flat No 3D, Sai Kiran Apts, First Main Road, Kasturba Nagar, Chennai-20 web: www.zebros.in e mail : zebrosprojects@gmail.com mob: 99400 98300,9500075001
ZEBROS PROJECTS aspects. First, nonuniform deployment of sensor nodes could affect the effectiveness of range-free localization. On the other hand, for range-based localization, the received signal strength indicators (RSSIs) used for estimating distances is highly irregular, dynamic, and asymmetric between pairs of nodes. To make it even worse, the complex terrain and obstacles in the forest easily affect RSSI-based range measurements, thus incurring undesired but ubiquitous errors. Ranging-based localization techniques often produce better localization than range-free techniques. Ranging quality determines the overall localization accuracy. Bearing this in mind, recently proposed approaches focused more on error control and management. Some of those methods enhance the localization accuracy by deliberately reducing the contribution of error prone nodes to the localization process. Other schemes are to identify large ranging errors and outliers relying on topological or geometric properties of a network. The contributions of this work are summarized as follows. 1) We propose a range-free scheme called virtual-hop localization, which makes full use of local information to mitigate the non-uniform node distribution problem. Using virtual- hop, the initial estimated locations are more accurate than those output by other range-free schemes. 2) To improve the ranging quality, we design two local filtration techniques, namely neighborhood hop-count matching and neighborhood sequence matching, to find nodes with better location accuracy. The filtered good nodes can be used to improve the location accuracy of neighboring nodes. 3) Using the good nodes to calibrate the bad ones, we employ the weighted robust estimation to emphasize contributions of the best range measurements, eliminate the interfering outliers, and suppress the impact of ranges in between. 4) We implement CDL in Green Orbs system with more than 300 sensor nodes deployed in a forest and evaluate it with extensive experiments and large-scale Office Address: No 4 / Flat No 3D, Sai Kiran Apts, First Main Road, Kasturba Nagar, Chennai-20 web: www.zebros.in e mail : zebrosprojects@gmail.com mob: 99400 98300,9500075001
ZEBROS PROJECTS simulations. Our experimental and simulation results demonstrate that CDL outperforms existing approaches with high accuracy, efficiency, and consistent performance. For example, the average location error using CDL in Green Orbs system is 2.9 m, while the previous best method SISR has an average error of 4.6 m.
BLOCK DIAGRAM CONTACT: ZEBROS PROJECTS PHONE: 9940098300, 9500075001 APPLICATIONS
Forest applications
Military applications
Security applications
ADVANTAGES
Low cost Low power Easy to design
Office Address: No 4 / Flat No 3D, Sai Kiran Apts, First Main Road, Kasturba Nagar, Chennai-20 web: www.zebros.in e mail : zebrosprojects@gmail.com mob: 99400 98300,9500075001
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Office Address: No 4 / Flat No 3D, Sai Kiran Apts, First Main Road, Kasturba Nagar, Chennai-20 web: www.zebros.in e mail : zebrosprojects@gmail.com mob: 99400 98300,9500075001
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Office Address: No 4 / Flat No 3D, Sai Kiran Apts, First Main Road, Kasturba Nagar, Chennai-20 web: www.zebros.in e mail : zebrosprojects@gmail.com mob: 99400 98300,9500075001