Portfolio

张望

ZHANG WANG

AWARDS

Architect Assistant @

+86 13622222328 https://issuu.com/zhangwang/docs/portfolio_for_ucl

Honorable Mention of Microscopic Recreation of Homestay in Colorful Villages Designing Scheme of PMG-YCDA Cup Design Competition 2016

zwscau@163.com Edinburgh

Yangcheng Design Alliance, People's Government of Huanghua Town of Yingde, GVL, Ateliercns, SPDG, and Sunny Neuhaus Partnership

2016.10

Conservation and Regeneration of Hyper-density Urban Historical Landscape - A Workshop of Historic district at Enning Road in Guangzhou College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, SCAU and School of Architecture, USC

2016.9

Abilities

Professional Skill 5

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A bst

20

ol s

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20

soc iety ...

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6

5

on m ne t

Co ncr ete

7

hy

13

pat

D e si g

20

ion

Em

od Wo

te Ma

ria lity

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18

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Tec

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COMPLEXITY

Steel

5.5

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Be

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20

7

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6

Guangzhou, China

vir En

Experience RAC studio & Studio Alpha Edinburgh

2018.12-2020.01 · Lecturer & Guest Tutor

Extension of Architecture Building of SCAU（Constructed） Guangzhou

Architecture Design & Research Institute of SCUT 2016.07-2016.8

Guangzhou

Reading, Movie, Exhibition

Guangzhou Design Institute

Technology（Classic & digital construction）

2016.01-2016.2

Guangzhou

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A bst

Be r at

ion

ria lity

FORM

Co ncr ete

...

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03.Esctatics Objects Ongoing Project

Travelling Photography

2017.11

2019.09

This project is a study on how architecture create a certain 'atmosphere'. The contemporary German philosopher Gernot Böhme has written extensively on what he describes as ‘atmospheres’. he proposes to talk about objects in terms of their ecstasies, by which he means the ways in which things move outward from themselves, producing effects in the space around.

Passion

· Participated in the bid project ‘The Designing Scheme of the Wuzhi County Urban Planning Exhibition Hall’

· Participated in the bid project ‘Students' Dormitory of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University’

This project aims to instigate both the development of material-spatial strategies (and concomitant technical and environmental strategies) for and deriving from Palermo, Sicily. FRAGMENT offers a way to look city in different layers, and the means of representation appropriate to particular situation, and to the architectures that emerge in response to those fragments.

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· Research and Development of Transparent Concrete · Research and Development of Lightweight Concrete

English

2018.09

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Guangzhou

02.City Fragments

This project consider the modernity form of Chinese cemeteries derived from both Western and Oriental philosophy. For one, the traditional concept of seeing death as seeing aliveness needs to be embodied. For another, the three perspectives, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, also need to be substantiated in a architectural way. Besides, the modernization needs the abstraction of monumentality in western culture. The purpose of this design is to explore how to translate regional beliefs into spatial grammar, so as to explore the modernity of local architecture in addition to traditional roof forms or traditional materials.

te Ma

Chiuchow

Zaome Design Studio 2016.09-2017.3

Chinese

01. The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

od Wo

· Participated in building up BIM projects · Based on the blueprint, built up the structure, MEP, and architectural model

Cantonese

04.Preliminary Works and Research

pat

Guangzhou

Architecture is the form measured in different ways.

Steel

2017.04-2017.8

I am able to handle both international and regional projects. Architecture for me, could be pure and linear but in the same time it should also be a layered and complex flux, a montage of continuous behaviours, and a reflection of humans‘ daily life.

Languages

Guangzhou Tongchen Architectural Design Consulting Co., Ltd

CONTENTS

PERsonal Statement Interpreting the complexity of architecture is the way I understand architecture and its contextual environment. The experiences living and study in totally different regions, culture, ideology and beliefs, makes a comprehensive and contextual architecture learner.

SCAU

2015.06

Em

· Project Designer · Structure Modelling · procurement (Building Panel)

2nd Prize of Boundary design scheme in "Ying-Jiang Cup" Architectural Design Contest 2015

l ie

2018.01-2019.10

AutoCAD, Rhino, SKetchup AI, PS, ID Revit, Grasshopper V-Ray, Enscape Film Making (PR) Modelling

China Senior Professors Association (CSPA), The Chinese Society of Education (CSE), CHINA HIGHER MUSIC EDUCATION RESEARCH ASSOCIATION (CHMRA), Aesthetic Education Professional Committee of China Higher Education Society, and China Great Wall Society (CGWS)

2015.09

soc iety

13.09-18.06

on m ne t

Edinburgh, UK

ol

18.09-20.07

Meritorious Winner of Architectural Design Scheme in The 7th National Aesthetic Education Exhibition

ol s

South China Agricultural University (SCAU)

hn

University of Edinburgh

n To

Bachelor of Engineering in Architecture

D e si g

Master of Architecture ARB/RIBE Part 2

Tec

EDUCATION

These sectors are not linearly either/or, but have different emphasis in each project.

01 The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery 2

01. The Cemetery This project consider the modernity form of Chinese cemeteries derived from both Western and Oriental philosophy. For one, the traditional concept of seeing death as seeing aliveness needs to be embodied. For another, the three perspectives, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, also need to be substantiated in a architectural way. Besides, the modernization needs the abstraction of monumentality in western culture. The purpose of this design is to explore how to translate regional beliefs into spatial grammar, so as to explore the modernity of local architecture in addition to traditional roof forms or traditional materials.

2017.11 Personal Project

01 The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

Take care. 吃好点，饭钱别省。 (Eat better. )

3

Keep well. 夜晚早睡。 (Sleep earlier. )

Until next time. 要变天了，衣服穿暖。 (Keep warmly. )

Everytime when you say goodbye to your love, what words do you choose?

01

A MAN-MADE SECQUENCE A SPRITIAL CEMETERY

Before the Huanghuagang Uprising, Juemin Lin wrote a farewell letter to his wife. A thousand words merged in to one sentence: don't be hungry and remember me! just like our daily life, when we are in the farewell moment, we only express our sentimental and affection with simple words like 'be fed and warm'. People have their own ones to concern. Therefore, this project aims to provide a spiritual space for them to appreciate the essence of life and commemorate the past.

A MASSIVE, PURE AND SUBLIME OBJECT IS LIFE BENEATH IT IS ALSO LIFE

LOCATION:

ON THE ESAT OF CHEBEI RIVER GUANGZHOU/ CHINA

2

Commemorate the Lives 01

One point perspective

Object

Station point

The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

Form

Memorize lives

Apprecate life

Appreciate the Essence of Life

Formless

Composition Relationship

天

地

Celestial

Farewell

Meditation

Appreciation

Terrestrial

H=15m

Components of the field

World

儒 Grandiose

Roof

Base

Pavilion

Tranquil

Cloud

Flower

Cliff

Romantic

Canopy

Pool

Waterfall

Moon light

Lawn

Forest

释 道

2.5H

H

H 40°

3

人

Streamline

Elements

......

H

Cavalier perspective

4

Space

Field

27°

01

D/H=1 The compact relationship between the building and the square creates stress on the building itself.

The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

Scale Analysis

D/H=2.5 The line of sight includes

the whole building and a part of sky.

Plan Sketch

暗 Invisible

明 Visible

明 Visble

Section Sketch

5

Invisble 暗

Underground sketch

Explosion Generated Sequence of the Building-Composition Relation

Running Water Rushing Watetfalls

Brightness & Darkness

Celestial and Terrestrial

Attic & Cliff

Confucianism & Taoism

Water

Deep Pool

Walls hold the heavenW alls Spearate Rooms Buddhist Temple

Cliff & Pavilion

Pavilion & Moon

Deep Pool

Moon & BoatB

Lingbi Stone

oat & Bamboo

Loft

Gallery

Bamboo Forest

Fine Paddies & Lovely Ponds & Mulberry Trees & Groves Of Bamboo

COMMEMORATE LIVES 01 The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

Transform The result is a geometrical form with memorial significance.

It comes with divinity brought by mass, invariance and light

Mass

Invariability

Geometry

The geometrical cross here comes from the four rivers of Eden.

Light

6

The fountain becomes a kind of element.

APPREACIATE LIFE

地 Waterfall

天 Canopy

道 “The Peach Colony” This is a lifetime spiritual home for Chinese scholars.

There is no dispute and sadness i n this land of peace. People here enjoy their life and appreciate the philosophy that being completely informal as life is impermanent, thus obtaining new aspiration of life.

The Entrance of “ The Peach Colony”

Element combination Pavilion

人 Bamboos & columns

Moongate

He went further to explore, and when he came to the end of the grove, he saw a spring which came from a cave in the hill, having noticed that there seemed to be a weak light in the cave, he tied up his boat and decided to go in and explore. At first the opening was very narrow, barely wide enough for one person to go in. After a dozen steps, it opened into a flood of light.

十极。山林 步狭便有尽 ，，舍小水 豁才船口源 然通，，， 开人从仿便 朗。口佛得 。复入若一 行。有山 数初光，

01

CHAPTER 3 APPRECIATION

The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

The gaps o f the g round provide the underground with light. The drainage system above g round realizes the underground water. I t holds u p the structure o f the r ooftop thereby forming a dense forest.

Above Ground There is a regular hexahedron space above g round. Its massive v olume and abstract shape p rovide users with spiritual feeling o f pure s pace.

Users' desperation f rom entering the building sequence is significantly reduced.

Canopy

The Peach Colony

Columns

Entrance: Cave Pavilion

Waterfall

Fountain

House

Stream Line

Peach tree

Combine the running w ater, houses and a forest of peach trees i n blossom t ogether thereby f orming a tranquil and comfortable s pace. The water resource above ground becomes the running water underground; and the light above g round enters the f orest o f peach trees underground t hrough the gap in the ground.

Moongate

Entrance: Forest Waterfall

Cliff

Staircase

Moongate

Flower

CHAPTER 1 FAREWELL

CHAPTER 2 MEDITATION

Great roof

Cloud

Pool

All w aters trickle t ogether here thereby forming a pool.

The structure holds u p the ground and plays a r ole o f huge Buddha statue.

Background

Spirit

Huge column

6

Great base

River

The w ater above g round trickles back together here thereby f orming rapids.

The structure hold u p the ground and f orms a thick sky.

7

The gaps o f the g round provide the underground with light. The narrow gap create the t opography o f the mountain stream.

CHAPTER Ⅰ. I am broke!

I wandered in the streets hopelessly.

01

CHAPTER Ⅱ Nostalgia

I came here unintentionally.I hope t hat i t will pass on my thoughts of nostalgia from my mind.

The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

I miss my parents and my hometown.

CHAPTER Ⅱ Memory

CHAPTER Ⅲ 1 Farewell

CHAPTER Ⅲ Say goodbye to the failure.

I missed their faces and past joys.

I was relieved;and then I found that it is not as bad to live as I had thought.

CHAPTER Ⅳ APPREACIATION

CHAPTER Ⅲ 2 Meditation 8

CHAPTER Ⅳ Appreaciation: Entrance There are still m any wonderful things in the world. I have to brace up and appreciate the things a round m e. I will find a new job.

Right here, I saw moonlight, flowers, bamboo and waterfall.

I heard the song of wind, cicada, running water and my breath.

I smelt the fragrance of grasses, flowers, soil and wood.

I touched the running water, leaves, rust, wood as well as the blue sky.

I would like to create my won paradise.

Thus, what shall I do first?

CHAPTER Ⅳ Appreaciation: Traversing

CHAPTER Ⅴ MOVING ON Let me chow down before I go!

CHAPTER Ⅳ Appreaciation: Paradise

01

City Fragments is a new MArch Modular Pathway studio, developed for 201819. This brief sets out both the overall aspiration for the studio (developed in more detail in specific assignments or ‘acts’), and offers potential methodologies and frames by which to develop projects and theses for Palermo, Sicily. It aims to instigate both the development of material-spatial strategies (and concomitant technical and environmental strategies) for and deriving from Palermo, and to develop means of representation appropriate to the situation, the key themes of the studio, and to the architectures that emerge in response to those themes. It offers many entry ways into thinking Palermo.

The Modernity Of Chinese Cemetery

City Fragments: Market Force

Programme Director Adrian Hawker Studio Leaders Dr Chris French & Dr Maria Mitsoula MArch (Modular Pathway) 2018-19

9

ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Drawing Rooms in Street Market From the beginning, Palermo seemed destined to trade, almost inevitable due to its ideal location, enclosed between the hills and the sea. Situated at the center of the Mediterranean, the city harbour soon became an important port of call for international trade, a clearing point for diverse goods arriving from distant countries.

From the large agricultural estates inland, vast quantities of wheat were sent to the city, both for local requirements and for export, as well as a wide range of seasonal produce from the surrounding orchards and vegetables gardens.

Wisdom is hidden in the life. By researching hundreds of potographs from hundreds of vistors, we can learn what make them press the shutter of the camera, how stallers work, how they use crates, steels and canvas, how they creat those row upon row of canopys, in the same time, we can also realize what the residents live in such a nosiy and messy location, how they negociate with the markets.

Disconstruction is a way of learning different from Mannerism. It helps when we decided to build a farmhouse for a market gardener who is supporting the Ballaro market. The way markets staller using architecture is the same with the farmer to some extent. The need of storage space, washing area, drying space are the same with those stallers in the markets. The need of watching from the balcony, observing the weather through windows, resting in the shadow provided by shelter are the same with those residents in the markets. On this level, we translate the language of the market into a farm language, in the same time, we discuss the relationship between arechitecture and landscape.

10

Today There are a few street markets still surviving, such as the Capo, Ballarò and Vucciria. Although they are withdrawing because of complex social problems, the unique features of the market always catch vistors eye from the great Piazza and gradens. In these strongly traditional areas, ephemeral stalls are assembled and dismantled every day: brightly coloured tenting, striped umbrellas, temporary stalls and marble counters illuminated by rows of dangling light bulbs and protective devotional images as well as photographs of dead family members, decorated with candles and flowers, where the head of the family, often the founder of the commercial activity, stands out centrefront.

ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

11

ďźš 02 City Fragments

Language of Market

Palermo Institution

12

ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Drawing Room For Farmer

13

Pepper and Garlic do not merely play an important role in people life.

In the market, strings of garlic hung like garlands and bouquets of chili for good luck. After the market gardener harvest the pepper and garlic, Most of them could be sold directly and the other could be made in troop being hung and drying on the steel bars.

ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Farmland- Market After the field trip to Palermo, we meet the site alongside the river, which is located near the rail station. The field is wedge-shaped surrounding by buses and weeds . To the north side is the traffic road. Opposite the road is reeds where the river is flowing at the end of the slope.

When the Drawing rooms are put into the site, shadow is accompanied with. Therefore, the plants that prefer shade like garlic located closer to the buildings. On the contrary, the other are planted outside the shadow.

14

ďźš 02 City Fragments

FRAGMENT Farmland & Relative Institutions

Restaurant (speculative)

Bath house (speculative)

Meteorological Station (speculative)

This site locates in Village with many local farmland, which is an significant supporter of Palermo markets. This restaurant could get fresh various vegetable or live stocks.

This place is close to the residential area nearby, residents can easily reach the swimming pool. The height difference in the site varies greatly, which is conducive to collecting and transporting water.

The feature of the site is that it has a deep shape, with lager greenland and river flowing around. In the same time, this position above the valley is conducive to observing the microclimate n earby.

Meteorological Station

Palermo Institution

Meteorological Station

15

Bath house Existing Meteorological Station

Existing Meteorological Station

University Sports Center Palermo - Swimming

Palermo Institution

The anemometer set on the top would offer the market gardener basic informations of the weather.

With the on-site-forecasting of the landscape, one can observe the wind speed and the wind direction from the spinning speed of the top awning and the rotating orientation of the middle awning, watching through the opening of the wall.

ďźš 02 City Fragments

Architecture Obersvation

16

ďźš 02 City Fragments

Modelling and Shadow- Plantable area testing

Palermo Institution

Feburary

March

April

May

June

July

Augest September October November

17

Palermo Institution

The solid volume provides a shelter spaces for the market gardener to rest in its shade, spaces for the nuts and vegatables to be cleaned and stored. More importantly, it acts as a simple weather station for the market gardens. By hearing the sound of the rain droping on the drainage, observing the orientation of the awing spining, he will know how heavy the wind and rain and decide whether he should go to take care of his crops.

One can still percept the outward environment, even he is enclosed by the thick walls.

： 02 City Fragments

Form Matching Landscape

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27.03°

0.00°

13.89°

P L A N 1: 100

ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Isometric Drawing

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： 02 City Fragments

As palermo has developed, its productive landscape has been stressed to the point of near exhaustion. Following the sack of the conca d’oro what Farmland remains occupies terrains vagues, spaces along the river oreto and beneath railway bridges, spaces that are insufficient to sustain the markets. Market forces reactivates the oreto river as space of agriculture in the city by developing a tectonics of markets and gates (porta). The oreto flood valley is one of the last un-built landscapes in palermo. By understanding how the market operates (its infrastructures, produce, seasons, landscapes), these proposals bring an understanding of season, ground and soil to this neglected river. Three programmes – a culinary school, a water treatment laboratory paired with public swimming pools, and a botanical centre and market – collaborate to reactivate abandoned farmland and the surroundingcommunity, and to sustain the historic market at ballaro.

Palermo Institution

THE ORETO

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ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

The City Edge The landscape of Oreto area might be regard as the edge in the city, in btween the two part divided by the Oreto River. The oreto flood valley is one of the last un-built landscapes in palermo. By understanding how the market operates (its infrastructures, produce, seasons, landscapes), these proposals bring an understanding of season, ground and soil to this neglected river.

Pr o

jec tS ite

21

ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Farmland & Green Space in Palermo

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ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution 23

The Frontage of The Oreto As palermo has developed, its productive landscape has been stressed to the point of near exhaustion. Following the sack of the conca d’oro what Farmland remains occupies terrains vagues, spaces along the river oreto and beneath railway bridges, spaces that are insufficient to sustain the markets.

Market forces reactivates the oreto river as space of agriculture

YSIZE XSIZE

YSIZE XSIZE

： 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Water treatment Lab & Public Swimming Pool

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ďźš 02 City Fragments

Modelling - Acetone Transi-

Modelling - Urban Scale Study

Palermo Institution

1: 500 Site Model

25

Urban Scale Drawing was transited into a 3D Model in order to have a direct understanding of how the city edge works. With the materials of the model, we understood the edge in different dimension, somehow soft and somehow hard. White represents the ground, whereas the brown as artefacts. The Satellite imagery was printed by the acetone creating a blur texture, where imoportant information can be emphasiedm the less important would fade.

1000MM=500M

1000MM=500M

1000MM=500M

ďźš 02 City Fragments

Modelling - Development

Programme

Palermo Institution

Public Swiming Pool

Water treatment Lab & Experimental Field

Public Swiming Pool contains a 25m Professional Pool (8 lanes), a perssure pool, a kiddle

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1:500 Phase 1: urban scale test

1:100 Phase 3: body scale test

1:500 Phase 2: landscape scale test

1:500 Phase 3: architecture scale test

1:100 Phase 4: Strcuture Moedel

1:100 Phase 4: Materail Moedel

Exhibition Model

1:100 Phase 4: Texture Moedel

： 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Posture- EMBED IN THE GROUND

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： 02 City Fragments

Drawings of the Bathhouse Water Circulation Drawing Iso- Structural Exploration Drawing

Palermo Institution

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

5

Professional Pool Massage Public Space Experimental Field Lab Bar Pressure Pool Kiidle Pool

4

2

Public Swiming Pool 1 2 3 4 5

Changing Room Shower Ticket Office Shop Cistern

28

3

： 02 City Fragments

Site Section & Section Models

Palermo Institution 29

Bath & Water Treatment Lab 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Disinfection Room Water Tower Sconderary Filtration Chamber Primary Filtration Tank Cistern Adminstration Recption Entrance Changing Room

11 12 13 14 15

Pool Public Space Bar Experimental Field Lab

Structure Exploration of the Ticket Office

ďźš 02 City Fragments

Isometric Drawing of the Entrance & Car Park

Palermo Institution

1 2 3 4

Ticket Office Parking Changing Room Adminstration

1 Entrance 2 Parking

ROOF OVERHANG 200mm Concrete Panel

1300mm Reinforced concrete beam 1

44 x 302 Softwood Joists at 1500mm centres 50 x 50 Softwood Stud and Softwood Batten at 1500mm centr

2

1mm thick zinc-coated aluminium pannels 4

1 140mm thick zinc-coated aluminium pannel Wall 30

2 3 80mm Ply Wood Support at 2500mm centres

Steel Beams at 2500mm centres

： 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Swimming Pool & Bathhouse

31

Swimming Pool Plan

： 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

Section- Swimming Pool & Bathhouse

32

YSIZE XSIZE

YSIZE XSIZE

ďźš 02 City Fragments

Water Treatment Lab

Palermo Institution

3 2

1

33

Ground Level Plan 1 Experimental Field 2 Oreto River 3 Sluice

Section of Experimental Fields

： 02 City Fragments

Water Treatment Lab

Palermo Institution 34

1

5

2

3

4

EZISX Y

Water treatment Center 1 Disinfection Room 2 Water Tower 3 Secondary Filtration Chamber 4 Primary Filtration Tank 5 Cistern

ďźš 02 City Fragments

Exhibtion Model

Palermo Institution

35

ďźš 02 City Fragments Palermo Institution

36

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Esctatic Objects （Ongoing Project）

Programme Director Adrian Hawker Studio Leaders Professor Mark Dorrian,Forbes Chair in Architecture & Dr Ana Bonet Miro MArch (Modular Pathway) 2019-20

37

The contemporary German philosopher Gernot Böhme has written extensively on what he describes as ‘atmospheres’. Atmosphere, he argues, is neither on the side of the object or of the sensing human subject, but exists as what he describes as a ‘shared reality’, arising from the interaction and copresence of both. During the Project a project that responds in some way to the notion of the ecstatic object will be evolved and developed. The site was encountered during the trip to Santiago . The project is as interested in the contemporary situation of the city as we are with its cultural and material history, and students will be supported to develop critical and poetic projects that engage aspects of these that they find compelling.

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Transaltion I 8 Minutes of tranquillity Tea ceremony is an indispensable culture in ancient Oriental culture, a transforming tool people use to escape from reality. In the tea ceremony, after a series of complex operations, people can slowly calm down the heart. This is because they concentrate on the objects, not only on their own posture, but also on the beautiful form and appropriate materials.

A tea case loads with a period of tranquillity.

38

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Transaltion II

39

Tea Case Tools are important elements in the tea ceremony. Each tool in the tea ceremony has its own stage, a link corresponding to the use of a tool. Even the water for washing the cup is different from the kettle for drinking tea.

Of course, the more exquisite the appliance, the more people like to play with it. From the point of view of materials, a good appliance can provide a good tactile experience. A teacup, for example, might be of extremely smooth porcelain, light and spotless;It could also be rough ceramics. Its weight and rough surface provide a sense of reality when held.

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Transaltion II The second translation is a bit different. Tea sets are abstracted and simplified into specific forms that correspond to the different gestures required for each stage. Objects can be taken apart, sliding, rotated, etc. The time allocated on each object is based on how delicate is the materials as well as how special is the form.

40

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Time- Gestures- Form of Tools

Tea pot

Tea leaf

Tea cup

41

Kettle

Tea pot

Tea pot

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Reliquary of 8mins of Tranquillity

A case was designed to contain the tea set, and in the same time the case recorded the time of the object and gave instruction of using the objects.

42

Studio Santiago De Compostela 8 mintues of Concentration isometric 1:4

03

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

43

03

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

44

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Estactics Objects The reliquary is a series of ecstatic objects of the essence of the tea ceremony, a understanding of a complex behaviour, a translation and a representation of the gestures, materials and forms. The essence of the tea ceremony is just physical, but presents much more in a mental way. The taste of the tea is not so important.

Rather, the sense of beauty brought by elegant posture, the sense of pleasure brought by using delicate tools, and the sense of ease brought by being in the garden bring more peace of mind.

45

There is a similar behaviour to the tea ceremony in Santiago de compostela, pilgrimage. The pilgrimage to Compstela began and little by little the Camino de Santiago was laid out, as a symbolic reflection of the Milky Way. As the end of the Camino since 11th century, Santiago itself is like a big reliquary. This project is another translation of the behaviour of pilgrimage, by studying the physical process of pilgrimage (sight, audition, tactility) and the spiritual experiences (which will be presented through the architectural language as well as programmatic ideas).

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Field Trip The main task for the field trip to Santiago de Compostela is to identify and record locations that will form the sites for the projects to be developed during the rest of the year in the MArch studio. But this is a too-simple way of putting it, for the visit is also importantly about the complex experience of being in the place, about beginning to frame a personal response to that and, at the same time, about developing an insight into its cultural conditions and the contemporary issues that it faces. The schedule for the field trip has been developed so that we will meet and have conversations with a number of people who have been active in different ways in the architectural and broader culture of Santiago de Compostela, but at the same time it leaves a lot of open time for individual and non-guided exploration. Experience has shown that much more interesting and diverse sites can be found in this way than anything that could be given in advance by tutors.

46

Programme Director: Adrian Hawker Studio Leaders: Professor Mark Dorrian, Forbes Chair in Architecture & Dr Ana Bonet Miro MArch (Modular Pathway) 2019-20

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Camino De Santiago

O Cornado

Vilaserio

47

A Pena

Negreira

RĂ­o Tambre

Rego Dos Pasos

RĂ­o Sarela

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Camino De Santiago

Hospital

Fuente San Pedro Martir Capilla da neves

O Logoso

Lugar Olveira

Ponte Olveira

Cee

Praia de SardiĂąeiro

48

5KM

AP

Finisterre

Finisterre Lighthouse

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Translation I

Meet Real Friends

We met on the way back from the final end of the camino, Fisterra. Perhaps because he had been on a pilgrimage for many years, he had strong, rough hands. His backpack is a mountain bag, which contains 50 kilograms of stuffs for daily use. That’s all he has. He is a talkative person. We walked two km, talking all the way. But he was basically the only one talking, because I could only catch my breath. He said the biggest thing he has learned in the past few years is that he has experienced real life. Walking 20km every day, he likes to feel everything in the moment.

Steven made an interesting point. He said that since he went on the pilgrimage, he has become sincere. All he has is what he has at that moment, nothing he can’t lose, nothing he has to hide. The people he met on the road were sincere because they were all in the same boat. They help each other, get along briefly and then leave. They would be genuinely happy if they meet somewhere unexpected.

Name: Steven Age: around 40 Property: Sold out everything 50kg bag, an Ukulele and a stick Purpose: Enjoy real life, meet real people

Pilgrims have a habit of leaving their belongings on the Camino. This may seem like a paradoxical act. Now that they have abandoned the past and are enjoying the present, what do these traces mean to them? Is it your past or something? In other words, what are the past and the future for them?

49

Enjoy This Moment

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Translation II Sight Experiences

The Moment Sight, Audition, Tactility To experience the present is to experience five different senses, which are sight, audition, smell, taste and tactility. On the pilgrimage, three of these experiences are more intense.

(Right) This is a mapping of sight on the way to the World End, the lighthouse on the southernmost part of Fisterra. On the way to the top, sight was attracted by different unknown things (Unknown churches, buildings on hillsides, fountains across the road, monuments on hills and path leading to somewhere).

ATTRACTION

?

?

ATTRACTION & PATH

?

50

?

PATH

?

? ATTRACTION

Monastery of Gilgrim Translation of Sight Camino Mapping of Fisterra 1: 10000 Divergent Path Attraction

?

Ship

Unknow Woodland Attraction

03

Audition Experiences

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Translation II

51

Hearing is one of the most important senses during the pilgrimage. When walking on the road, the sound will be heard whether the pilgrims pay attention or not. Whether it’s the sound of an alarming car, the bark of a dog in a house, or the sound of a bird in a tree, it’s all there

03

To some degreed understanding the tea ceremony is one way to ‘read’ the Camino de Santiago. The taste of tea is not the most important part in tea ceremony. Playing with the tools, enjoying their usage and experiencing the sense brought by materials are much more important. In order reach the best quality of tea leaves, every steps like boiling water, spilling out the tea, washing the cup, brewing tea, counting time, tasting, etc. need concentration. All the experiences happening in the processes of tea ceremony calm the mind down. Similarly, beyond the religious issues, the essence of pilgrimage is the Perception of Time.

Time The pilgrims measure time through the Senses of Body.

Body Their senses of audition, sight, tactility, smell and taste take up every minute when they are walking. Time is not defined by the regular movement of the hour hand and minute hand. Rather, it maybe define by the crossing of a crowd of strong scent of flowers somewhere, by an experience of a moist touch of mud or a beautiful birdsong from a distance, etc. Only when they stop again to rest, to sleep, or stop forever, ‘clock’ start take charge again in measuring their time.

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Programme Generation

This quality of the pilgrimage provides at least two different qualities of space for the monastery design. One is shifting, natural, sensual, non-time, boundary blur, which represent the continuously flux of the present; The other is static, abstract, formal, orderly, strongly bounded and rigid, referring to the end of the future (a moment with a clear timing).

Itt explores architectures of live and death, non-time and timelessness, flux and stability, be they programmatically, materially or spatially so. It makes spaces for pilgrims of work, communication, reading and writing, wandering in the labyrinth of time, and in the same time, it provides a place to stay, wash, sleep and meditate. It looks from Santiago De Compostela towards northeast of the city, the Park of San Domingos de Bonaval, the foot of the hill of the Almáciga . The site provides a vivid landscape with dense forests, oak trees and mature chestnut trees that bear fruit. And a water is born from a spring located in the oak grove , the upper part of the hill, and is going to be conducted through a descending route formed by different sources and finally reach different water lodged. To the east of the park stands an ancient cemetery, with traditional monasteries and geometry gardens providing another quality to the site.

4

4 10

52

6

9 11

Monastery for Pilgrim The reason the project is called a monastery is because it offers pilgrims not only the opportunity to live and work, but also the space for spiritual thinking. It was a hotel for ordinary pilgrims, offering cheap beds and showers. For pilgrims who need to earn money for the next leg of their journey, it is a ashram, where they will work as waiters at restaurants or as handymen at hotels.

1

1. Recpetion 2. Library 3. Common Room 4. Bathing 5. Restaurant 6. Tapas Bar 7. Kitchen 9. Meditation Room 10. Laundry 11. Accomodation

Spiritual thinking Spaces here are two separate thinking Spaces, a library and a meditation room. Pilgrims can read, write, plan for the future in the library, or contemplate the past in a meditation room at the tomb garden. These two spaces have two opposite spacial quality. One is alive, the other is tranqult.

03

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

53

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

The Heart of Santiago- Catedral de Santiago de Compostela Site- Parque de San Domingos de

54

Camino De Santiago Site Plan 1:500

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Site- Parque de San Domingos de The Park of San Domingos de Bonaval has an area of about ​​ 39,000 m2 and is located at the foot of the hill of the Almáciga, northeast of the city of Santiago de Compostela. It was inaugurated on July 24, 1994, following the rehabilitation of the land on which a Dominican convent was based, which had been transferred to the City Council following the confiscation of 1836.

55

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Sounds in the Site the convent had the water secured thanks to the water mine present in its oak, which was used for all the usual uses at the time: it was used in domestic cleaning and cleaning activities, it supplied the kitchens, it served as a watering can. for the crops of the friars and of drink for men and animal lodged in the building.

56

Hearing is one of the most important senses during the pilgrimage.

When walking on the road, the sound will be heard whether the pilgrims pay attention or not. Whether it’s the sound of an alarming car, the bark of a dog in a house, or the sound of a bird in a tree, it’s all there

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

Sight Approaching to the Site

ATTRACTION

?

?

ATTRACTION & PATH

?

?

PATH

?

? ATTRACTION

Monastery of Gilgrim Translation of Sight Camino Mapping of Fisterra 1: 10000 Divergent Path Attraction

?

Ship

Unknow Woodland Attraction

57

The library acts as the lighthouse in camino de Fisterra. Walls, old ruins and ramp creates a indirect walking experience with rich sight attraction on the way.

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

The library is in the middle of a wide variety of students, surrounded by the sounds of running water, wind, rain and birds and footsteps of different materials. In a silence space, sound is transmitted through a hole at a specific Angle and reverberates in the small space. Some of the Windows looked at the source, others looked elsewhere. So the voice is sometimes the protagonist and sometimes the background.

58

Library- Space for Experiencing Prilgrimage

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

5

6

9

3

3

59

4

2

1

9

Ecstatic Object pilgrimage Monastery Site Plan 1: 200

1. Recpetion 2. Library 3. Common Room 4. Bath House 5. Restaurant 6. Kitchen 7. Meditation Room 8. Laundry 9. Accomodation

7

7

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

3 5 2

2

60

1

1

5

3

Ecstatic Object pilgrimage Monastery +6 Level Plan 1: 100 1 Collection Space 2 Slient Study 3 Pool 4 Restroom 5 Void

4

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

2

5

3

61

1

1

5

1

6

Ecstatic Object pilgrimage Monastery +10 Level Plan 1: 100 1 Slient Study 2 Laundry 3 Changing Room 4 Bathroom 5 Void 6 Accommodation

4

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

4

62

2 2

3

5

2

Ecstatic Object pilgrimage Monastery Section

Library Section 1: 50 1 Collection Space 2 Slient Study 3 Restroom 4 Bathhouse 5 Threshold to Accommodation

1

2

1

03 Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

4

3

63

2

2 1

2

1

Section

Ecstatic Object pilgrimage Monastery Library & Accommodation Section 1: 50 1 Collection Space 2 Slient Study 3 Accommodation 4 Bathhouse

03

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

64

Library Section

03

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

65

Library Section

03

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

66

03

Esctatics Objects tatics Objects

67

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

INFORMATION TE CH N

Architecture Technology & Research

FORM FOLLOWS ENVIRONMENT

A NATURAL SECQUENCE FOREST-LIKE BOOKSHOP 7300

200

200

1800

gulP gnigrahC

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syaweriW

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3200

In this site, there is a kind of special residential space in cost-effective complexes of store in front and living space behind. It's interesting that t his two kinds o f space j oint irregularly t hereby f orming compatible spaces for living, cooking, storage and commerce. In this project, extremalization was conducted on these two kinds of space.

The commerce and r esidence coexist i n different heights and proportions. Excluding t he harmful e ffect o f lampblack and j ams, there is interesting relationship between commerce and residence.

For i nstance, t hose who are partying are able to buy m ore beer merely t hrough a t hick w all; t hose who are living in t he h igh-rise residences are able to buy their breakfast next door; the storekeepers arrive at their stores in a few steps.

900

RO

So

The 2 drawings trying to articulate how those conflicts were deal with and how those were accordant to the Buildings Regulations as well as CDM Regulations.

VI

1

CDM Regulation 13 Duties of a principal contractor in relation to health and safety at the construction phase

RESPONSE

The principal contractor must plan, manage and monitor the construction phase and coordinate matters relating to health and safety during the construction phase to ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, construction work is carried out without risks to health or safety;

1

7

(1) There must, so far as is reasonably practicable, be suitable and sufficient safe access and egress from— (b) every place construction work is being carried out to every other place to which workers have access within a construction site.

CDM Regulation 19 Stability of structures

(1) All practicable steps must be taken, where necessary to prevent danger to any person, to ensure that any new or existing structure does not collapse if, due to the carrying out of construction work,

CDM Regulation 22 Excavations

Construction work must not be carried out in an excavation where any supports or battering have been provided in accordance with paragraph

2

CDM Regulation 27 Traffic routes

(1) A construction site must be organised in such a way that, so far as is reasonably practicable, pedestrians and vehicles can move without risks to health or safety.2

The main entrance to the site is set up on Walmer road, where lorries stop to unload. Opposite the main entrance is the secondary entrance, which is also stacked with wood and steel, sand, etc

4

Next to the house being built is an existing brick structure. In order to prevent the existing wall of the house from being damaged by any accident. Workers covered the walls with scratch-resistant wallpaper and used planks as support to keep them from collapsing.

400

5

12

21 02

The beer is on the way.

8

Do you still remember me? I have come back.

THE VARIETY OF CONTAINER The variety of architectural forms results in the difficulty of investigating the cause of their formation. Therefore, I made in-depth study on form for the purpose to learn about its tricks. In this chapter, I have preliminary study on the form prompted by the development of material and technique.

As a result, we are unable to describe many architectural forms in unusual shapes, because they are a kind of technique performance rather than a set of engineering technology. It’s more likely that the development of computer science prompts the development of drawing skills for generating new forms.

06/2015

Second Pr

INTERNSHIPS

Birth Date: 05.10.1995 Email: zwscau@163.com 04/2017~08/2017 Phone: +86 13622222328 Zip code: 510635

09/2016~03/2017

EDUCATIONAL BA

Container A

4

Ⅰ 09/2013~Now South Chin

Major: Architecture Degree:Bachelor of Engineer Ⅱ Accumulated GPA: 89.2/100.

Rank: 02/74

Ⅲ

6

1

3 Main Entrance

SKILLS

2

ART07/2016~08/2016 Sketch, Watercolor, CG

2

3 Sub-Entrance Sacks of Materails

TECHNIQUES Grawing

25

However, there are still some unsafe factors in the construction. The wooden installation of the facade and painting of the wall are not finished on the scaffold, but by the workers on the ladder. This may have been due to a delay in the prefabrication of outdoor planks, leading to the removal of scaffolding before it was installed. But this is a security risk anyway.

Meritoriou The 7th Na

張 望 ZHANG W

4

Due to the large scale and multi-factor of architecture, I adopted ‘the container’ with a single function as my object. I agree with the word that best things come in Research and research Development of Transparent small packages. Hence, I consider the simple container as microscope architecture in order to express the whole through small details.

Mum: I will pick you up in 2 hours.

Practice hard. Mua!

For the safety of construction, the site traffic control. Areas including along the street were fenced in to prevent pedestrians from crossing. The scaffold is installed within the perimeter wall to prevent pedestrians from passing within the fall area.

7

09/2015

Boundary INFORMATION Architectu

Container C

Because the new building has an underground floor, it is necessary to dig 5 meters below the original ground. In order to ensure that the adjacent house is not damaged, the excavating equipment was small excavators and the excavating boundary is controlled 1 meter away from the boundary.

6

Honorable Microscop Villages D Design Co

Drawing Room

SU BS

METSYS GNILIAR ELBAVOM

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Lighting lamps are installed on scaffolding and work platforms to provide lighting in the shade. The crane was installed in the middle of the courtyard to serve the four houses around it.

3

10/2016

Container B

glass, concrete and metal, the different properties of material restrict the development of form. However, Co ncr re et eis broken, N atu RI material once the limitation of the Lform for AL S will be generated.TIA material’s performance N TAI 7

500

According to (2) (a) in Regulation 13 of the specification, if different kinds of work are performed on the site at the same time, the principle contractor must ensure the safety of all kinds of work. 3

In this case, The construction site was divided into concrete, carpentry, bricklayers and ironwork. The concrete works are poured on site, where workers build platforms and scaffolds in the site. Steel bars and other materials are placed on the platform. After finishing the first layer of casting, the bricklayer began to lay bricks, while the workers tied up the reinforcement of upper floor. The iron walls of the bathroom were also welded on site. The ‘yurt’ of the top floor, is prefabricated in workshops, trucked to the site and lifted by cranes.

CDM Regulation 17 Safe places of construction work

metsyS ciluardyH eht fo noitceS ssorC ehT

800

AWARDS & RE

THE The improvement of woodGENERATION prompts the variety of FORM simple wood, to architectural form. From the OF original

Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015

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100 100

Walmer Yard was a set of housings built between 20062016 by Peter Salter, located in Walmer Road, London.

Walmer Yard was a Victorian Warehouse enclosed by a Norland estate and the Regency terraces of Ladbroke Grove. There are many challenges needed to be solved during the construction phase. For example, How to built in such a crowded site with 3 existing buildings surrounding. How to provide privacy and discretion in 4 separate but interlocked buildings.1

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In thinking about the form of container, I firstly consider what the tools can do for the expression of my design ideas. If I use pencil, I will subconsciously bring my superiority in hand drawing into free sketching. If I adopt ruler and compass, the shape of the container will be formed in spline and straight line.

Moreover, if I draw on Grasshopper, I will acquire a sphere formed by extremely irregular spaces. It seems to show off the advantage of using Grasshopper and tell all of us that this sphere was not designed by pencil.

o Wo

This project refers to the generation of a special space form. It l ocates i n a woodland. I s uppose to c reate a kind of house which meets the law of the forest. Right here, there is perfect distance among trees. Any short distance will wilt the plants; and the long distance will F 4 13 force new plants among them. Therefore, 13 g GK021 without any NK0062 G boundaries, the inner space of the house looks like the forest. A s the space m oves, the topography and scale METSYS LANOITOM change. The u sers have t o find out t he m ost suitable 14 space for themselves.

Technique of drawing restricts our creativity. In this study, I designed a container by pencil, SU and Grasshopper. As a result, I obtained three completely different forms.

INSTRUMENT Voilin( Lv.7)

In the attempt of using pencil, I adopted wood as material for its high plasticity. Having processed by woodworking tools, I obtained a natural form(ContainerA). In my other attempt of using SU, I adopted basswood and cut it by Laser Cut for realizing its cube shape(ContainerB). In my design generated by Grasshopper, I poured it Hby concrete S UM UE A shape. whose mobility is veryIQsuitable to this irregular ng Abstrac eeri t i n o n The mould for pouring Ewas made by 3D print and ng silica gel(ContainerC). hy pat Em

YRETTAB EGAROTS

Team Work (Group Leader) Feat: Jinhong Gong, Wenjia Zhao, Qiaoxi Wu 60% Concept Development,50% Detail Development, 60%Graphic Mar. 2016 Reworked in July.2017 Guangzhou, China Instructors: Yunjiang Wu, Zehui Chang

Grawing

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According t o Marx's t heory of F ree Association, i mproves the productivity b y division o f labor because the more detailed division of labor, the higher level of social modality. The earliest division of labor was on gender. In industrial age, the machine led a more detailed division of labor on every single procedure. A fterwards, in i nformation era, division of l abor w as o n minute or even s econd. I nternet transforms people to d ifferent r oles i n different time. In the morning, a man may be a farmer. At noon, he would become a good learner who focuses on network marketing NO IT course. In t he a fternoon, h e runs h is business online andURCER the evening i s his Showtime o f cooking s kills Tlive.

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Forest Is Architecture

Personal Work Dec. 2014 Reworked in Oct.2017 Guangzhou, China Instructors: Yunjiang WU

200

TECHNIQUES

Wood & Concrete On the other hand, is it possible to realize the influence of material on design? In the design I mentioned above, I broke the limit of material.

However, as I tried to make the substantial design, choosing material became a problem. Finally, I decided to use wood and concrete.

REGULATION DRAWING 1

SECOND PRIZE YJ CupArchitectural Design Competition Team Work (Group Leader) Feat: Long Xiao, Wenjia Zhao, Zhuoan Xu 80% Concept Development,50% Detail Development, 60%Graphic Mar. 2015 Reworked in June.2017 Guangzhou, China Instructors: Yijia Li

SOFTWARE Photoshop,Illustrartor,

MATERIARLS

NT

CHAPTER Ⅱ

METSYS GNIHGIEW & METSYS REWOP

Commercial And Residential Complex

CONNECTING BOUNDARIES

Architecture + Smart Mobile Assembly

ART Sketch, Watercolor, CG

68

CHAPTER Ⅱ FORM FOLLOWS ENVIRONMENT FORM FOLLOWS TECHNIQUES

BREAKING THE BOUNDARY

L

Major: Architecture Degree:Bachelor of Eng Accumulated GPA: 89.2 Rank: 02/74

SKILLS

NME

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WALMER YARD BY PETER SALTER, LONDON

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Due to the large scale and multi-factor of architecture, I adopted ‘the container’ with a single function as my research object. I agree with the word that best things come in small packages. Hence, I consider the simple container as microscope architecture in order to express the whole through small details.

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04. Preliminary Works and Researches

S UE IQ

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Technique of drawing restricts our creativity. In this study, I designed a container by pencil, SU and Grasshopper. As a result, I obtained three completely different forms.

In thinking about the form of container, I firstly consider what the tools can do for the expression of my design ideas. If I use pencil, I will subconsciously bring my superiority in hand drawing into free sketching. If I adopt ruler and compass, the shape of the container will be formed in spline and straight line.

Moreover, if I draw on Grasshopper, I will acquire a sphere formed by extremely irregular spaces. It seems to show off the advantage of using Grasshopper and tell all of us that this sphere was not designed by pencil.

MATERIARLS

01/2016~02/2016

Wood & Concrete On the other hand, is it possible to realize the influence of material on design? In the design I mentioned above, I broke the limit of material.

However, as I tried to make the substantial design, choosing material became a problem. Finally, I decided to use wood and concrete.

INSTRUMENT Voilin( Lv.7)

28

AWARDS & RECOG 10/2016

Honorable Men Microscopic Rec Villages Design Design Compet

09/2015

Meritorious Wi The 7th Nationa

06/2015

Second Prize Boundary desig Architectural De

Container B

In the attempt of using pencil, I adopted wood as material for its high plasticity. Having processed by woodworking tools, I obtained a natural form(ContainerA). In my other attempt of using SU, I adopted basswood and cut it by Laser Cut for realizing its cube shape(ContainerB). In my design generated by Grasshopper, I poured it by concrete whose mobility is very suitable to this irregular shape.

The mould for pouring was made by 3D print and silica gel(ContainerC).

The improvement of wood prompts the variety of architectural form. From the original simple wood, to glass, concrete and metal, the different properties of material restrict the development of form. However, once the limitation of material is broken, the form for material’s performance will be generated.

L A

SOFTWARE o Photoshop,Illustrartor, Rhino

INTERNSHIPS

Container C

04/2017~08/2017

ASSIS Guang Desig

09/2016~03/2017

TEAM Zaom Ⅰ 09/20 Resea Lightw

04

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Preliminary Works & Researches

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CHAPTER â…

A NATURAL SECQUENCE

FORM FOLLOWS HUMANTITY

FOREST-LIKE BOOKSHOP Personal Work Dec. 2014 Reworked in Oct.2017 Guangzhou, China Instructors: Yunjiang WU

This project refers to the generation of a special space form. It l ocates i n a woodland. I s uppose to c reate a kind of house which meets the law of the forest. Right here, there is perfect distance among trees. Any short distance will wilt the plants; and the long distance will force new plants among them. Therefore, without any boundaries, the inner space of the house looks like the forest. A s the space m oves, the topography and scale change. The u sers have t o find out t he m ost suitable space for themselves.

8

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

THE FOREST PROVIDES WITH SPACES AT DIFFERENT SCALES

The richness o f the f orest space comes f rom the complex overlapping of different plants h ere. The tall t rees become l arge shielding. The shrubs also provide with new shielding. The groundcover acts as another shielding at a certain scale. Every kinds of animal can find out its own residence.

200

4500 500

N

02 200

02

0

A NATURAL SECQUENCE Forest-like Bookshop 70

This project r efers to t he generation of a s pecial s pace form. It l ocates i n an a ttractive woodland. I s uppose to create a kind of house which meets the law of the forest.

Right here, t here is perfect d istance a mong trees. Any short distance will wilt the plants; and the long distance will force new plants among them. Therefore, without any boundaries, t he i nner s pace o f the house looks like the forest. A s the space m oves, the topography and scale change. The users have to find out the most suitable space for themselves.

LOCATION:

1400

Guangzhou HEMC Central Lake Park GUANGZHOU/ CHINA

1700

2100

500 9

04

2 TRANSLATION

1 LAW OF FOREST GROWTH

The k ey o f the forest-like building is t he a mbiguous s pace generated by the superimposition of spaces. People from one and another space are accommodated in a same space. The role of floor is divided into two: floor and table

A

Tree A and Space B under the tree.

B

B

B

A 0.6

A produced B

B Tree A1 was grown in Space B thereby forming a new space B1 under the tree.

4 MODULOR ANALYSIS

3 LAW OF BUILDING GENERATION

B

B1

600mm

B

A

A1

Preliminary Works & Researches

FOREST TRANSLATION

A1

B1

B1

0.6

1.2

B produced A1 A1 produced B1

1200mm

A2

Tree A2 was grown in Space B1 thereby f orming a new s pace B2under the tree.

B1

A1

B1

B2

B1

A B2 B2

0.7

0.6

1.2

1.2

B1 produced A2 A2 produced B2

B1 produced A2

Tree A3 was grown in Space B2 thereby f orming a new s pace B3under the tree.

B2

A2

71

A

B3

A3 B3

B3 B3

A3

B4 B4

0.7

B3

0.6

A3

A1

A2

1.5

1.2

B2 produced A3 A3 produced B3

A

Numerous Trees Form A Forest.

B2 A1

A2

A4

700mm

A4

1.2

1500mm

B4

B3

0.6 B3 produced A4 A4 produced B4

1.2

0.9

1.2

10

1.5

900mm

04

B

Preliminary Works & Researches

A1

A

B1

72

Orders Of The Space

1800mm

700mm

900mm

1200mm

1800mm

2100mm

600mm

1500mm

600mm

700mm

900mm

11

1800mm

900mm

1200mm

600+1200=1800mm The floor with subsidence o f 600mm and the other floor the bulge of 1200mm form a level difference of 1800mm, which acts as a special scale to divide the space.

600mm

It not only divides the space, but also acts a s a piece o f furniture at different scales including 300mm, 600mm, 900mm, 1200mm, 1500mm and 1800mm. i n this plan, there a re f ree combinations in these scales. A t some certain viewing angles, the level different can be a barrier o f space, a piece o f furniture, or a division o f space.

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

Forest Is Architecture 200

7300

400

900

100 100

73

3200

200

200

1800

800

500

12

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

A CITY SCALE PROTOTYPE 2-Dimention Growing The extension of space unit changes from a single transverse direction to two d irections thereby c reating a much richer forest-like space.

74

Forest The natural landscape revolves around the building.

Reverse the Figure-ground

Forest-like Building The natural space revolves around the nature.

13

04

HU MA

re

AN SUBST

VI

Natu

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BREAKING THE BOUNDARY Architecture + Smart Mobile Assembly SECOND PRIZE YJ CupArchitectural Design Competition Team Work (Group Leader) Feat: Long Xiao, Wenjia Zhao, Zhuoan Xu 80% Concept Development,50% Detail Development, 60%Graphic Mar. 2015 Reworked in June.2017 Guangzhou, China Instructors: Yijia Li

CHAPTER Ⅱ FORM FOLLOWS ENVIRONMENT FORM FOLLOWS TECHNIQUES

According t o Marx's t heory of F ree Association, i mproves the productivity b y division o f labor because the more detailed division of labor, the higher level of social modality. The earliest division of labor was on gender. In industrial age, the machine led a more detailed division of labor on every single procedure. A fterwards, in i nformation era, division of l abor w as o n minute or even s econd. I nternet transforms people to d ifferent r oles i n different time. In the morning, a man m ay be a farmer. At noon, he would become a good learner who focuses on network marketing course. In t he a fternoon, h e runs h is business online and the evening i s his Showtime o f cooking s kills live. The growth o f people’s acceptance r ate on i nformation ultimately blurs the boundaries among various fields.

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BREAKING THE BOUNDARY Architecture+Smart Mobile Assembly

Programs: passageway \ exchange cooperation \ interaction \ leisure Location: between SCAU and SCUT 15

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

BOUNDARY BRINGS PROBLEMS

Recreation facilies in SUAU attract numbers of students.

DORM

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STADIUM

DORM DORM M

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DORM

DORM

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DORM

DORM

SCAU

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SCUT

LECTURE HALL

M

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INFORMATION EXCHANGE BREAKS BOUNDARY

LECTURE HALL

M

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According to Marx's theory of Free Association, improves the productivity by division of labor because the more detailed division of labor, the higher level of social modality. The earliest division of labor was on gender. In industrial age, the machine led a more detailed division of labor on every single procedure. Afterwards, in information era, division of labor was on minute or even second. Internet transforms people to different roles in different time. In the morning, a man may be a farmer. At noon, he would become a good learner who focuses on network marketing course. In the afternoon, he runs his business online and the evening is his Showtime of cooking skills live. The growth of people’s acceptance rate on information ultimately blurs the boundaries among various fields.

LECTURE HALL

Lectures in SCUT attract numbers of students

16

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

The Generation

Distribution

Night Fair

Recreation Zone

Party

Sports

Recreation Zone

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Makers Acadamic Zone

Exhibition Snacks

The Generation

Exhibition Sightseeing

Educational & History Exhibition Zone

17

The campus boundar y is roughly divided into four zones. Two of them are for social contact and recreation like sports, association activity, night fair, etc. The third zone is for academic activity like chat, leisure, seminar, lecture or creation. The fourth one, locating in the central axis of the old campus, exhibits the history and academic achievement of SCAU and SCUT for the visitors. For these purposes, it is necessary to consider a variety of terrain and flexible function. Therefore, we have this special design.

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

Hey! It's time to water your plants for experiment.

ACTIVITIES IN THE ACADEMIC ZONE Moveable Box

Private box

Public box

Boba milk tea.

Less sugar and less ice, pls!

Wow! That wall is moving!

What do you think of the concept in the lecture?

No. But I can find someone online to helo you.

What a good idea!

Let me in.

What a good idea!

Let me in.

18

Passway

Cafe

Twitter

Elevator

Maker spcae

Remote Order

Communication

workshop

Solar panel

Brain Storm

Internet

79

Hey, Can you program by python?

FORMATION OF UNITS

04

STEP 2

Preliminary Works & Researches

Location High Above ¥15/Hour

300 x 300 Joint

3.2m x 3.2m Gird

Frame

Group

Beside Tree ¥15/Hour

Moveable Exhibition Board

UNIT’S ELEMENTS

Inside ¥8/Hour Moveable Solar Power Board

3m x 3m Board

Maker Space ¥5/Table

Moveable Planting Board

Hydraulic telescopic support

¥40/Hour

To the shop STEP 2

Private Box

To the exhibition To the booked box

Moveable Box

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Functioning

Destination

3m x 3m Box Random TransportingM

oveable Wall

Public Box Passing Through

Gathering

Speech

Siri Which kind of box do you want?

Fair

6m x 6m Box

Welcome To Box 51

able

rc Sola

I wanna make a concrete model. Anyone in? Just scan and join me

Chair

fold table to cted k e n g Co wor Bein er net pow n a b r

Nice Weather Hm

Moveable Wall

Info Wall

the

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POWER SYSTEM & WEIGHING SYSTEM

Preliminary Works & Researches

Charging Plug

Detailed Section of the Gear

Wireways

STORAGE BATTERY

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Transmission Load Geer Gear

MOTIONAL SYSTEM

The Cross Section of the Hydraulic System

MOVABLE RAILING SYSTEM

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CONNECTING BOUNDARIES Commercial And Residential Complex Team Work (Group Leader) Feat: Jinhong Gong, Wenjia Zhao, Qiaoxi Wu 60% Concept Development,50% Detail Development, 60%Graphic Mar. 2016 Reworked in July.2017 Guangzhou, China Instructors: Yunjiang Wu, Zehui Chang

CHAPTER â…Ą FORM FOLLOWS ENVIRONMENT

In this site, there is a kind of special residential space in cost-effective complexes of store in front and living space behind. It's interesting that t his two kinds o f space j oint irregularly t hereby f orming compatible spaces for living, cooking, storage and commerce. In this project, extremalization was conducted on these two kinds of space.

The commerce and r esidence coexist i n different heights and proportions. Excluding t he harmful e ffect o f lampblack and j ams, there is interesting relationship between commerce and residence.

For i nstance, t hose who are partying are able to buy m ore beer merely t hrough a t hick w all; t hose who are living in t he h igh-rise residences are able to buy their breakfast next door; the storekeepers arrive at their stores in a few steps.

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DEMAND 1 COST-EFFICIENT SPACES

DEMAND 2 LIVING IN THE NATURE

Commercial and Residential Complex

PROGRAME: This project locates at the boundary of the wetland park inside the campus and market street outside the campus. It's a boundary with a c ertain t hickness. I t has f ormed a strong c ontrast between t he t ranquil natural environment in the campus and the bustling market street outside t he c ampus. Therefore, a commercial and r esidential complex i s adopted t o balance these two kinds o f environment. With t he investigation o n the living environment i nside and outside t he c ampus, residents’ p reference on living environment, the change of business model, as well as the advantage and disadvantage of this complex, an ideal living environment with cost-efficient style, graceful s urrounding, and t ranquility was found and improved t hereby being adopted in this p roject.

Ultimately, it successfully f orms a s eries of v ertical living spaces for residents' daily life.

Preliminary Works & Researches

04

CONNECTING BOUNDARIES

The billboards on the facade indicate that there are 12 internal spaces in this building.

Actually, there are up to 20.

8 Ap art m e

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LOCATION: BETWEEN SUAC AND WUSHAN ROAD/ GUANGZHOU/ CHINA

Seperation

12 S tore s

This plan concerns about the possibility of connecting the commerce, r esidence and natural environment.

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Residence Commerce

Plan of the complex

Plan of the shopping mall

Advertisments On The Wall

The odor of restaurant spreads into the air.

5m PAVEMENT

The narrow street with heat and lampblack.

Advertisments On The Stair Step

The prototype of the cost-effective complexes

OCCUPATION SALT GRAIN CHICKEN EGGS

PEANUT OIL Commercial density

Campus Hotel

The Greatest Distribution Of Commerce And Residence Harmful Effect Min

Perfessors, scholars, travelers

Hotel Bar Community

Apartment Residents nearby

Mall

Shopkeeper

Students,workers, travelers

Club and Hostel

Residents nearby students

23

Diner Bookshop Pub Piano line

Cinema Clothing Restaurant Grocery

Max

SECTION

Laundry Kindergarten Swimming Pool Gym Garden

DISTRIBUTION OF COMMERCE & RESIDENCE

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MSG

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

VARIVATION ON COMBINATION

This synthesis assembles those residents' vision towards the living environment. In the direction of xy, there are effective and free commercial areas without any negative effects. The shopping zone is near the entrance. The dining area and cinema are next to it. In the direction of z, the lower floors are the commercial areas with strong public character. The middle floors are for the combination of daily rental apartments and commercial areas with weak public character. In the upper floors, there are various apartments. On the top floor, it’s high-class hotel for guests.

Campus Hotel

ENC

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Club and Hostel

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AND EX IAL COMPL C R E L COMIDENTA S RE

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Madam, shall we start our training at 9:00 tonight?

Preliminary Works & Researches

Auntie, leave me two buns please!

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The beer is on the way.

Do you still remember me? I have come back.

Mum: I will pick you up in 2 hours.

Practice hard. Mua!

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04 Preliminary Works & Researches

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE BOUNDARY OF COMMERCIAL & RESIDENTIAL AREAS CLUB & HOSTEL The middle floors are the combination of large-sized rental apartment and leisure service.

The apartments are for the groups like college students who hold activities. The leisure service will not cause any side effects to impact the living environment and quality.

Welcome Home

Pillow Fight!

Mrs. Zhang in Level 15 I take care of my grandson in the yard as I have many friends here.

Yoga is healthy!

Yoga teacher I teach Yoga here and many people in this area like this sport.

Party!

Platoon Lampblack Tube

A boss from the music instrument shop It’s a good evening for playing a Chopin's nocturne.

Structural Layer Advertising Layer

87

Collage student I expect to hold association party here.

Kitchen Storage Space

Gin.

Good Books!

Ham’s Restaurant.

A good time.

SUGAR. 26

Nice coffee

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

Billboards in the street

Billboards The billboard i s a common promotion method for merchants.

There a re nearly 30% of the billboards which a re r enewed or replaced every year.

Advertisment Terraces

Iregular Space

Prototype

Human billborad & Promotion The other effective way for p romotion i s human billboard. Some m erchants even adopt pop-up store in self-promotion.

Storage Room & Storekeeper's Home

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Marketing Approach

Commercial Street Section The commercial street in the ground level is formed by expending a space in the street. Excluding the residential space, it is possible to obtain a n irregular space. The p romotion and marketing a re conducted i n this terrace f ormed b y the i rregular space. And t he gaps between those irregular spaces ultimately become merchants' storage rooms and living areas.

Promotion Store

Human Billboard

Billborad In Stairway

27 Old Domitory In 1920s

Old Gorcery In 1950s

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

Architectural Technology Research Generic & Contextual Report The research direction of this course combines what needs to be discussed in Sutido G. In generic study, we looked at the application of a low-cost and easily constructed temporary structure in disaster buildings. This is one of the considerations that came from the studying of architectural language in the Palermo food market. The people in the market built tables out of wooden pallet box and extended Canopy out of iron rods. These simple and inexpensive structures are very effective in times of disaster. On the other hand, the Contextual study is about The Possibilities of House Hold Wind Turbine In Scotland, which is trigered by the meteorologic design of Drawing Room in studio Palermo. Wind turbines are both a source of energy and a tool for farmers to monitor weather conditions, so it makes sense to study the power effects of wind turbine.

Course Organiser: Dr. Kate Carter

CONTEXTUAL STUDY The Possibilities of House Hold Wind Turbine In Scotland Completed in collaboration with Heng ZHU

89

GENERIC STUDY How Can Mobile, Transformable Architecture Aid In Disater Relief Housing Completed in collaboration with Eirini Makarouni

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

DISASTER RELIEF HOUSING Disaster relief (DR) housing is shelter provided during large-scale disasters and plays a vital role in the survival as well as the rehabilitation of the victims. DR housing remains a challenge for 7 governments and humanitarian agencies, since post-disaster shelters need to provide personal safety, environmental protection, phycological support and resistance to diseases as well as be constructed in the shortest amount of time possible. In fact, most DR housing lifespan can extend 8 from several months to several years after a disaster. Common materials used for DR housing are plastic sheets, tents, prefabricated units and public community buildings. Although these types of 9 housing are low cost structures that are easily constructed and transported on site, they usually fail to provide the necessary conditions for a high quality living. The problem is intensified when a temporary shelter becomes a housing unit for an extensive period of time.

THE APPLICATION OF ARCHITECTURE IN DISASTER RELIEF HOUSING

The Disaster Management Cycle Fig 6

-Emergency shelter: The most basic kind of shelter support used only for a short period of time.

90

-Temporary shelter: A shelter meant for short time use and easily constructed.

-Transitional housing: A shelter distributed for a long period of time, including the foundation of some key services.

-Permanent housing: A shelter that has the potential to become permanent housing and needs to be resilient to In the case of large-scale disasters, these categories are used as a blueprint for providing the most efficient type of shelter for the surviving victims. 10

METHOLOGY AND AIM The Generic Study examines how mobile, transformable structures can aid disaster relief housing through a series of case studies and the collection of quantified data. The study uses the most commonly applied type of shelter, i.e. the tent, to evaluate disaster relief responses and identify significant issues. The data collected (i.e. percentage occupancy, number of victims, type of shelter, cost etc.) from the two case studies will clarify the qualities of an effective DR shelter. In addition, techniques and typologies of mobile, transformable architecture will be examined in relation to the tent, improving this particular type of shelter and providing a theoretical example of a mobile, transformable shelter.

5 Werner, Carolina De Marco. 2013. "Transformable And Transportable Architecture: Analysis Of Buildings Components And Strategies For Project Design.". Postgraduate, Polytechnic University of Catalonia. 4-31 6 Asefi, Maziar, and Faegeh Ahangar Sirus. 2012. "Transformable Shelter: Evaluation And New Architectural Design Proposals". Tabriz Islamic Art University.

7 Bashawria, Abdulrahman, Stephen Garritya, and Krisen Moodleya. 2014. "An Overview Of The Design Of The Disaster Relief Shelters". Procedia Economics And Finance, no. 18: 924 – 931. https://www.sciencedirect.com.

8-10 Ibid

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

CASE STUDY Earthquake and Tsunami (Richter 9.0) Sri Lanka 26 December 2004 Needs of Survivors Shelter, infrastructure, livelihoods Value of assistance 1.5billion (US dollars)

National/ local authorities

Fig 7

Military

Fig 8 Set up emergency management and established Reconstrcution Agency

Homeless:500,000 Injured: 20,000 Killed:35,000

Assisting Groups

Fig 9 Search and rescue, remove the debris as well as identified and buried the deceased

Fig10 Provided support for the suvivors and local government. Help recovery and reconstruction

EMERGENCY SHELTER PHASE

T h e 2 0 0 4 I n d i a n O c e a n u n d e rs e a earthquake occurred on 26 December, with a magnitude of Richter 9.0 struck off the coast of the Indonesia. Over the next few hours, a ten meters height tsunami caused by the earthquake hit the coast of several countries in Southern Asia including India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Maldives, as well as in Myanmar, Seychelles, and Somalia 11.

Some affected families got shelter in a public building. Some repaired their original dwellings after few weeks. Others lived in tents until they were provided or built themselves a transitional housing.

The technical design took expanding of transition housing into account, so that with the guidance, agencies and communities can make their own specific housing to satisfy different needs.

The tsunami wiped away housings and buildings, infrastructures like roads, bridge and electricity and fuel supplies.

38,561 dwellings were damaged and 65,275 were destroyed, which equal to 1.4 billion (US Dollars). 500,000 people are homeless, suffering from lack of food, shelters and livelihoods 12.

Majority of shelters were for single family built by different assistant groups, which was made of local timber, metal frame, iron sheet, concrete blocks provided both by local government and external organization.13

2 weeks few days

5 weeks 91

11 G o v e r n m e n t o f S r i L a n k a a n d Development Partners, Sri Lanka-Post tsunami recovery and recovery (2005), 20-21. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ INTTSUNAMI/ Resources/srilankareportdec05.pdf 12 Ian Davis. Shelter after disaster (France, Imprimerie Chirat, Lyons, 2015), 211-216. https://www.ifrc.org/Global/Documents/ Secretariat/201506/Shelter_After_ Disaster_2nd_Edition.pdf 13 Ibid 14 The United Nation, Indian Ocean Earthquake-Tsunami 2005 Flash (2005), www.un.org/News/dh/infocus/Tsunami/ tsunamiflashappeal.pdf.

15 Ibid

Survivors

INTRODUCTION

26 December 2004

January 2005 Hired staffs

Feburay 2005

Mid-2005

first delivery of shelter materials

RECONSTRUCTION SHELTER PHASE

SHELTER PROBLEMS

Government showed that all survivors were provided with transition housing by the middle of 2005. Government began to move on to reconstruction phase. A number of agencies suggested that permanent housing should be upgraded or maintained from transition housing because replacing the transition housing cost not only time but a great deal of money. Government gave 250,000 Sri Lankan rupees (about USD 2,180) to the fully damaged house and 100,000 (approximate USD 870) to a partially damaged house.14 Majority of reconstruction housing are built by the owner with the help of community.

However, there are some problems need attention. For one, the quality of concrete blocks of transitional shelter did not satisfied the standard of permanent housing which was kind of waste of recourses. For another, there was no clear link between transition housing and permanent housing.15 Shelter designer did not consider the relationship of permanent housing because they was focusing on how fast they can transport the materials and how soon they can erect the housing without thinking how to dismantle or redevelop the housing.

2014

Afflicted families were provided transitional shelters

Fig11

Tents and Tarpaulins

-50,000 units -100% occupancy -Provided by IFRC, UNHABITAT and UNHCR

Fig12

Metal frame shelters

-850 units (initial tagret 1500) -90% occupancy -Provided by Goverment and local NGOs

Fig13

Transitional shelter

-57,000 -95% occupancy -Provided by Goverments and donor agencies and NGOs (UNHCR and Red Cross)

Fig14

Permanent housing

-850 Units: Upgraded with electrical wiring and balcon -5,354: Owne-driven and Government led reconstruction -29,000: Donor Built Housing

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

Efficiency differences of different turbine type Location 1 Model In order to determine the best wind turbine for Scotland, we decide to put forward our research in following areas: - Best Location for each type of wind turbines - The efficency issues - The starting speed issues

Terrace of the opposite tenement house

Models used to test the ideal location

Wind

Delta-type rotor 3 blades

Delta-type rotor 3 blades

Hollow Delta-type

Roof

34g 3.1m/s Double Gable Roof

Location 2 Model

Hollow that allow the wind more easily to pass through the turbine can reduce the starting speed of the turbines, but will increase if it is too easy to pass through.

Also, it is reasonable that smaller mass needs the lower speed of the wind to be rotated.

On the contrary, the smaller scale the higher wind speed is needed to start.

Models used to test the efficency issues

1/2 Scale

D-type rotor 3 blades

Gable roof

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H-type rotor 3 blades

Turbine

4 Blades

So, at this satge we decide to use 3 most common type of Vertical Axis turbine blades to carry out 3 different groups of tests, and the analysis them all together.

Turbine base

In conclusion, reducing the mass of the turbine or making the wind pass through the turbines more easily can decrease the starting speed, which a vllows the turbines to adapt to the weather

Wind Direction

Roof base

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

Data Analysis

1.80-1.88

Delta-type2

1.87-1.89

Alley

Double gable

7.19-7.35

7.01-7.34

1.77-1.97

1.68-1.51

Gable roof

0.8-0.95

0.81-0.87

Alley

Double gable

H-type

1.65-1.89

Gable roof

1.85-1.88 1.17-1.27

3.96-3.51

Alley

Double gable

Gable roof

Alley

Double gable

Gable roof

2.01-2.09

1.88-1.97

1.93-1.96

Alley

Double gable

Gable roof

Delta-type1

2.28-2.44 2.07-2.21 1.48-1.59

Hollow Delta-type

Alley

Double gable

Gable roof

4 Blades D-type

Contrast Experiment Method -Size of Rotor

- Turbine in a 1 cubic meter Bounding Box - 1 : 10 model

-Speed of the air passing surface of the blade

12.11-13.72

- Starting speed of the rotor - Voltmeter value

1.88-1.95

1.65-1.73 1.31-1.47

7.01-7.34 5.78-5.81

1/2 Scale Deltatype

Alley

Double gable

3 Blades D-type

Gable roof

H-Type Rotor 3 Blades

D-Type Rotor 3 Blades

Types of Blades

Delta-Type Rotor 3 Blades

Delta-Type Rotor 3 Blades

Speed Of The Air Passing The Surface Of The Blades

Alley

D-Type Rotor 3 Blades

D-Type Rotor 4 Blades

Numbers of Blades

Double gable

Gable roof

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Delta-type 4 blades

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

Conclusion 1

Bibliography

According to the bar charts above, we can see clearly that the voltages of some types of wind turbines have obvious differences, whereas those of other vary little from place to place. Delta-type and D-type turbines are more ideal among all because they did not differ much between the three locations.

Also, we realized that the roof next to the alley is more suitable to set up the turbines, where almost all types of turbines worked well in the experiment.

Gocompare.com. (2018). Domestic wind turbines - GoCompare. [online] Available at: https://www.gocompare.com/gas-andelectricity/domestic-wind-turbines/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2018].

-The voltage of 'Delta-type 2' and ' 4 Blades D-type' turbine remained steadily at all locations, ranged from 1.88V to 2.09V. - '3 Blades D-type' and '1/2 scale Delta-type' turbines are more suitable to be set up on the roof beside the alley. This is because the voltage of those turbines reached the top in location 1 (respectively at 1.95V, 2.44V and 13.74V).

-In the same way, 'Delta-type 1' and '4 Blades Delta-type' can be both set up on the roof near to alley or on the middle of a double gable roof, whereas ' 3 Blades D-type' and 'Hollow Deltatype' should be on the roof closed to the alley or on a gable roof.

-H-type turbine has the lowest applicability which reached the lowest point in location 1 and 2 among all the turbines at 0.95V and 0.87V respectively.

Www2.gov.scot. (2018). Energy - Electricity Generation. [online] Available at: https://www2.gov.scot/Topics/Statistics/ Browse/Business/TrendElectricity [Accessed 14 Dec. 2018].

Ladybug.tools. (2018). epwmap. [online] Available at: http:// www.ladybug.tools/epwmap/ [Accessed 14 Dec. 2018].

M.Saad, M. (2014). Comparison of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines. IOSR Journal of Engineering, 4(8), pp.27-30.

Union of Concerned Scientists. (2018). Benefits of Renewable Energy Use. [online] Available at: https://www.ucsusa.org/ clean-energy/renewable-energy/public-benefits-of-renewablepower [Accessed 14 Dec. 2018].

Jcak. (2018). Home Wind Turbines - Which?. [online] Available at: https://www.which.co.uk/reviews/wind-turbines/article/ installing-a-wind-turbine/home-wind-turbines [Accessed 14 Dec. 2018].

Www-sciencedirect-com.ezproxy.is.ed.ac.uk. (2018). EASE. [online] Available at: https://www-sciencedirect-com.ezproxy. is.ed.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0960148113001274 [Accessed 14 Dec. 2018].

Regardless of the starting speed, cost and other factors, deltatype turbines have the strongest applicability among all 3-blade turbines, in the same scale and the same site conditions.

Among the delta-type turbines, the hollow one set up on the roof next to the alley reached the highest peak. The others reached their highest point, located between the double gable roofs.

Howeleryoon.com. (2018). Howeler + Yoon. [online] Available at: http://www.howeleryoon.com/ [Accessed 15 Dec. 2018].

At the same site, a 4 blades delta-type turbine with the same scale is more efficient than 3 blades one. The voltage of 4 blades turbines, set up on the roof beside the alley or the in the middle of the double gable roof, is more than twice as many as 3 blades. Even located on the gable roof, the power created by 4 blades is nearly double.

Team Arcadia Power. (2018).[online] Available at:https://blog. arcadiapower.com/vertical-axis-wind-turbines-advantagesdisadvantages/ [Accessed. 2018].

Differ from the number of blades, with all else being equal, a delta turbine that is half in scale will be 3-6 times more powerful than the original delta turbine. However, as we discussed before, the starting speed will also increase while the scale decline.

In general, the hollow delta-type turbine is the most efficient one among all delta type turbines.

Researcharchive.lincoln.ac.nz. (2018). [online] Available a t : h t t p s : / / re s e a rc h a rc h i ve . l i n c o l n . a c . n z / b i t s t re a m / handle/10182/4141/LEaP_rr_30.pdf;sequence=3 [Accessed 15 Dec. 2018].

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Conclusion 2

Selected pages

04 Preliminary Works & Researches

REGULATION DRAWING

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Walmer Yard was a set of housings built between 2006-2016 by Peter Salter, located in Walmer Road, London. Walmer Yard was a Victorian Warehouse enclosed by a Norland estate and the Regency terraces of Ladbroke Grove. There are many challenges needed to be solved during the construction phase. For example, How to built in such a crowded site with 3 existing buildings surrounding. How to provide privacy and discretion in 4 separate but interlocked buildings.

The 2 drawings trying to articulate how those conflicts were deal with and how those were accordant to the Buildings Regulations as well as CDM Regulations.

CDM Regulation 17 Safe places of construction work (1) There must, so far as is reasonably practicable, be suitable and sufficient safe access and egress from— (b) every place construction work is being carried out to every other place to which workers have access within a construction site.

CDM Regulation 19 Stability of structures (1) All practicable steps must be taken, where necessary to prevent danger to any person, to ensure that any new or existing structure does not collapse if, due to the carrying out of construction work, CDM Regulation 22 Excavations Construction work must not be carried out in an excavation where any supports or battering have been provided in accordance with paragraph CDM Regulation 27 Traffic routes (1) A construction site must be organised in such a way that, so far as is reasonably practicable, pedestrians and vehicles can move without risks to health or safety.

04

The variety of architectural forms results in the difficulty of investigating the cause of their formation. Therefore, I made in-depth study on form for the purpose to learn about its tricks. In this chapter, I have preliminary study on the form prompted by the development of material and technique.

TECHNIQUES Grawing

Technique of drawing restricts our creativity. In this study, I designed a container by pencil, SU and Grasshopper. As a result, I obtained three completely different forms.

In thinking about the form of container, I firstly consider what the tools can do for the expression of my design ideas. If I use pencil, I will subconsciously bring my superiority in hand drawing into free sketching. If I adopt ruler and compass, the shape of the container will be formed in spline and straight line.

Moreover, if I draw on Grasshopper, I will acquire a sphere formed by extremely irregular spaces. It seems to show off the advantage of using Grasshopper and tell all of us that this sphere was not designed by pencil.

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As a result, we are unable to describe many architectural forms in unusual shapes, because they are a kind of technique performance rather than a set of engineering technology. It’s more likely that the development of computer science prompts the development of drawing skills for generating new forms.

09/2013~Now South China Agricultural University (SCAU)

Container A

ART Sketch, Watercolor, CG SOFTWARE Photoshop,Illustrartor, Rhinoceros, SketchUp, Vary, CAD, etc.

Wood & Concrete

INSTRUMENT Voilin( Lv.7)

AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS 10/2016

Honorable Mention (Group Leader) Microscopic Recreation of Homestay in Colorful Villages Designing Scheme of PMG-YCDA Cup Design Competition 2016

09/2015

Meritorious Winner of Architectural Design Scheme The 7th National Aesthetic Education Exhibition

06/2015

Second Prize Boundary design scheme in "Ying-Jiang Cup" Architectural Design Contest 2015

Container B

In the attempt of using pencil, I adopted wood as material for its high plasticity. Having processed by woodworking tools, I obtained a natural form(ContainerA). In my other attempt of using SU, I adopted basswood and cut it by Laser Cut for realizing its cube shape(ContainerB). In my design generated by Grasshopper, I poured it by concrete whose mobility is very suitable to this irregular shape.

The mould for pouring was made by 3D print and silica gel(ContainerC).

The improvement of wood prompts the variety of architectural form. From the original simple wood, to glass, concrete and metal, the different properties of material restrict the development of form. However, once the limitation of material is broken, the form for material’s performance will be generated.

Major: Architecture Degree:Bachelor of Engineering in Architecture (5-Year Degree Program) Accumulated GPA: 89.2/100.00 Rank: 02/74

SKILLS

MATERIARLS

On the other hand, is it possible to realize the influence of material on design? In the design I mentioned above, I broke the limit of material.

However, as I tried to make the substantial design, choosing material became a problem. Finally, I decided to use wood and concrete.

Adress: Room 2103, Suiyuandong Street, Longkouxi Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, China 510635

INTERNSHIPS 04/2017~08/2017

09/2016~03/2017

Container C

ASSISTANT DESIGNER Guangzhou Tongchen Architectural Design Consulting Co., Ltd TEAM MEMBER Zaome Design Studio Ⅰ 09/2016~10/2016 Research and Development of Lightweight Concrete Ⅱ 11/2016~12/2016 Research and Development of Transparent Concrete Ⅲ 01/2016~03/2016 Research and Development of Transparent Concrete Clock

07/2016~08/2016

01/2016~02/2016

Research and Development of Transparent 28

LEADER IN TEAM A Architecture Design & Research Institute of SCUT (http://www.scutad.com.cn/) TEAM MEMBER in the Bid Project Guangzhou Design Institute (http://www.gzdi.com/)

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Due to the large scale and multi-factor of architecture, I adopted ‘the container’ with a single function as my research object. I agree with the word that best things come in small packages. Hence, I consider the simple container as microscope architecture in order to express the whole through small details.

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Birth Date: 05.10.1995 Email: zwscau@163.com Phone: +86 13622222328 Zip code: 510635

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THE VARIETY OF CONTAINER

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THE GENERATION OF FORM

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Preliminary Works & Researches

INFORMATION

OHTER WORKS