Zheng Chuyang
Urban Transportation Design in a bi-cultural environment
Kashgar today and in history 2
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I was impressed with the extensive civilization I have found in the Uyghur city. The beauty of the temples, monasteries, wall paintings, statues, towers, gardens, housings and the palaces built throughout the city cannot be described. The Uyghurs skilfully make things of silver and gold, vases and pitchers. Some say that God has infused this talent into these people only. A Chinese in the Karakhoja Uyghur City in 981-984
Kashgar Located in Central Asia, Kashgar is an ancient oasis town and vibrant urban centre, and a major hub of the historical Silk Road. GEOGRAPHY. Kashgar (Uyghur: ﻗﻪﺷﻘﻪﺭ/ Qeshqer, Chinese: 喀什噶尔) is a significant and legendary city of Central Asia. It is located in the south-west of the present-day Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China and shares borders with neighbouring Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Pakistan. Including surrounding Uyghur villages, Kashgar has a population of approximately 3.5 million. HISTORY. Kashgar has a long history that goes back to the Indo-Greek Kushan Empire more than 2,000 years ago. The earliest settlers there were Tocharians, an Indo-European people. After the Tocharians had vanished, the Huns, Persians, Mongols, Uyghurs,
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and other Turkic groups over the course of many centuries poured into the city for business or conquest. In the Eurasian overland trade route network commonly known as Silk Road, Kashgar played a vital role in the exchange of not only goods but also ideas, religions, customs and knowledge between East and West. In 1949, the area became a part of the People’s Republic of China and was subsequently termed Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Since then, a lot of Han-Chinese have made their way to Kashgar. Today, 77% of the population are Muslim Turkic Uyghurs, while Han-Chinese residents have increased their share to 22%, up from just 6% in the 1950s.
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A cultural blend Kashgar’s religious and cultural landscapes have experienced various influences. Prior to Islamisation, people practised Zoroastrianism, Buddhism and there were also Nestorian Christians. To date, complementing the Turkic roots of its Uyghur population, it is the Persian-Islamic culture that has dominated Kashgar. With modern development the city has seen an initially strong Russian and recently stronger Chinese influence. PEOPLE. The local culture of Kashgar is essentially a mix displaying old Turkic roots, the inheritance from previous generations of Persian residents, the Islamic and later the Russian influence. All modern influences not withstanding, Islam continues to play a major role a thousand years after Islamization.
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RELIGIONS. Ancient Buddhist cave paintings were found in Xinjiang. While the present-day Uyghur’s religion is no longer Buddhism we can nonetheless rediscover certain inherited elements, certain graphical patterns in Uyghur farmers’ artworks of today. It is these overarching ancient style elements that make Uyghur culture so unique.
EXPLORING QIZIL MING ÖY. These above pictures are ancient cave paintings from the Qizil Ming Öy caves, which depict Buddhist themes. Below these, contemporary Uyghur farmers’ artworks which display a remarkable resemblance to those above, in colour, shape and overall style.
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1. 2. Paintings from the Qizil Ming Öy 3. 4. Uyghur farmers’ artworks
Culture elements
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CLOTHES. Etles is a kind of Uyghur silk, which is famous of its bright colours and the exquisite patterns. In daily life, the Uyghur hat – doppa – is very popular and can be seen everywhere in the city. ARCHITECTURE. Uyghur architecture basically follows the Persian style, in which arabesques are widely used. This is true especially for mosques. FOOD. Kashgar is also well-known for its fruits. As the harvesting season approaches, the city and its surroundings are famed for an abundant supply of pomegranates, figs, apricots, almonds and watermelons.
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1. Etles silk 2. Doppa 3. Emin Minaret 4. Apricots
Diamond shape & rhythmic pattern According to the analysis of Uyghur graphical objects, two major culture elements stand out very obviously — the diamond shape and a rhythmic pattern. DIAMOND SHAPE. The arabesque is an artistic decoration, which is based on complicated rhythmic plain patterns. It is widely used in almost all forms of Uyghur decoration and architecture. The diamond shape is the most common component of it, representing a passion as well as ample possibilities for graphic extension. In the Arabic script, Persian Naskh is the main handwriting style. The diacritical dots in letters also have the typical diamond shape.
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RHYTHMIC PATTERN. The rhythmic patterns can be visualised as a graphic element in architecture, clothes and in fact any sort of decoration. It can furthermore be argued that it represents more than just a graphic element and may also be thought of as a thinking pattern of the Uyghurs. The old town of Kashgar is laid out in a rhythmic way that relates to the above observation. The old town, from a bird’s-eye view, exhibits a consistent rhythmic pattern, and there seems to be an optical harmony between different buildings.
Design elements
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BLUE. In Uyghur people’s view, blue color has a very important, even symbolic value. It stands for the sky (kök asman). Regardless of this local meaning, blue is a standard colour for transportation systems in many places and used in regular signs.
YELLOW. The lush yellow colour is extracted from the Héytgah mosque, the single most significant building in Kashgar, in terms of architecture, local cultural and religious life and tourist attraction. The colour is therefore to be used for all signs leading to and located at places of interest (i.e. tourist attractions) in and around Kashgar.
BROWN. Kashgar old town represents the local Uyghur residents’ daily lives. There, the dominant colour is a peaceful brown that rests upon the mud-brick houses, providing shelter in the Central Asian winter and shade in the Central Asian summer. Brown is therefore to be used for public places and institutions all over the city.
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Colours To pick local colours from the city is a way to represent its culture. Kashgar itself is a place that is full of colours, a feast for the eyes. 11
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1. Mountain 2. Héytgah 3. Kashgar old city
Typefaces Above all, Arabic scripts, Chinese characters and Latin scripts should been designed on the same level, none receiving precedence over the other. The resulting typeface must be harmonious in terms of typography and at the same time suit the cultural background of the local community of Kashgar. A SINGLE TYPEFACE FOR 3 LANGUAGES. Without a doubt, in Kashgar it is the Arabic script that plays the most important role in the typeface system. Choosing a typeface for Uyghur is more difficult than for English and Chinese as the choices available are very limited. This was therefore the
first task. Three principles were formulated to make a decision concerning the Uyghur typeface. For its beautiful simplicity and good readability, the decision fell on Frutiger Arabic, which was designed by Lebanese designer Nadine Chahine. Obviously, it was
not necessary to choose another Latin font than Frutiger itself. The Chinese typeface FZ LanTing was added to match Frutiger. FZ LanTing has a similar flavour as Frutiger, and rich weights. To have 3 scripts of the same weight is an essential requirement.
1. The typeface must be suitable for information design. 2. It should match the Latin and Chinese typefaces. 3. An Uyghur flavour typeface should be chosen. 12
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FONT SIZE. Uyghur and Chinese must be visually equal, which is a rule set by the Kashgar government, as both are offical languages. The Chinese script looks however a bit larger when it is in the same font size as the other two. After a test, when the Chinese script is 96% of the English and Uyghur font size, it is in concordance with them.
WRITING DIRECTION. The writing direction of the Arabic script is from right to left, which is negative from English. The Chinese script doesn’t have a certain direction of writing, which both can be applied. Centre align is generally applied in this project, whereas left align is optional and used whenever needed.
ﺩﯙﻟﻪﺗﺒﺎﻍ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Döletbagh Str. 多来特巴格路 多来特巴格路 LEADING. The Arabic script has more complicated descenders and ascenders than Latin script, and a shorter x-height. But Chinese script has no system similar to that, so the leadings must be seperately considered. As a conclusion, the leading of Uyghur and English is a little larger than usual, as the Arabic script has longer descender. The leading of Chinese is smaller than that of the others.
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LANGUAGE ORDER. The Chinese characters look heavier than both Uyghur and English. When it is in the bottom, the whole set looks most stable. On the upper part, being an official language, Uyghur is placed above and English below.
Pictograms Pictogram = Frutiger + Diamond. A great method to design icons, matching up the typeface and associate with the culture element.
Pictograms are designed following the taste of Frutiger, which have similar weight and structure. The diamond shape element is added wherever possible, in order to represent the local culture of Kashgar.
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LOCALIZATION. Not only the pictogram for mosque, but also the ones that have practical usage should be considered in much the same way. For example, the pictogram of Uyghur halal food (nan & kebab) in Kashgar is more significant than an outsider may think. Muslims are very careful about their food choices, especially when eating out. Therefore, a clear pictogram needs to be designed.
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1. Pictogram of Uyghur food
Transportation Design 21
Bus routes map The idea behind it is to integrate the local traditional graphic elements into the larger framework of modern information design. INTERLACE LINES. As the applications of the diamond shape and rhythmic pattern design is concerned, the oldest Arabic calligraphy style – Kufic and Islamic Uyghur patterns became important references for the bus routes map design which includes a large amount of complicated smart interlace lines. Based on these observations, a system of interlace lines was abstracted and optimized.
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1. 2. Kufic script 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Uyghur patterns
ﺋﺎﻳﺮﻭﺩﺭﻭﻡ Airport 飞机场
2 ﻧﻪﺯهﺭﺑﺎﻍ ﻧﺎﮬﺎﺯﯨﺴﻰ Nezerbagh Township 乃则尔巴格乡 24
15 ﺋﺎﻕ ﻣﻪﺳﭽﯩﺖ Aq Meschit 阿克木其提
ﻛﯚﻙ ﺋﯧﺮﯨﻖ ﻛﻪﻧﺘﻰ Kök Ériq Kenti 库茹克热克村
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28 ﺷﯩﭙﺎﺧﺎﻧﺎ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﯘﺭﺧﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Wujing Hospital 武警医院 12
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ﺟﯘﯕﮕﻮ ﭘﻮﭼﺘﯩﺴﻰ China Post 邮电局
ﮬﯩﻴﺘﮕﺎھ Héytgah 艾提尕尔
ﺷﯩﻨﺨﻮﺍ ﻛﯩﺘﺎﭘﺨﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Xinhua Bookstore 新华书店
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ﺷﻪﺭﻗﯩﻲ ﭼﻮڭ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Sherqiy Chong Köwrük 东大桥
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ﺗﺎﺧﺘﺎ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Taxta Köwrük 塔合提可力克
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ﺗﺎﺭﺑﻮﻏﯘﺯ ﻛﻪﻧﺘﻰ Tarboghuz Village 塔吾古孜村
ﺩﻭﺳﺘﻠﯘﻕ ﺳﺎﺭﯨﻴﻰ Dostluq Sariyi 友谊大厦
ۋﻭﮔﺰﺍﻝ Train Station 火车站
ﻛﯚﻣﯜﺭﺧﺎﻧﺎ Coal Storage 煤厂
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ﻳﯧﯖﻰ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭ Yéngi Bazar 两亚市场
ﻳﯧﻴﻠﯩﺨﺎﻥ Yéylixan 热衣巷
ﺷﯩﻨﻴﯩﻔﺎ ﺳﻮﺩﺍ ﺷﻪﮬﻪﺭﭼﯩﺴﻰ Xinyifa Commercial District 新怡发商贸城
ﺷﻪﺭﻗﯩﻲ ﻛﯚﻝ ﺑﺎﻏﭽﯩﺴﻰ East Lake Park 东湖公园
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ﺋﺎۋﺍﺕ ﻧﺎﮬﯩﻴﯩﺴﻰ Awat Township 阿瓦提乡
ﻗﻪﺩﯨﻤﻰ ﺟﺎﻱ Qedimi Jay 克地木加衣
5 ﻏﻪﺭﺑﯩﻲ ﺩﯨﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻪﻳﺪﺍﻧﻰ4 Gherbiy Diyar Square 西域广场
ﺷﺎﻣﺎﻟﺒﺎﻍ ﻧﺎﮬﺎﺯﯨﺴﻰ 9 Shamalbagh Township 13 夏马勒巴格乡
ﺧﻪﻟﻖ ﺑﺎﻏﭽﯩﺴﻰ People’s Park 人民公园
ﺋﯩﻜﻜﯩﻨﭽﻰ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﯘﺭﺧﺎﻧﺎ No. 2 Hospital ﻳﯜﺳﯜپ ﺧﺎﺱ ﮬﺎﺟﯩﭗ ﻗﻪﺑﺮﯨﮕﺎﮬﻰ 二医院 Tomb of Yusuf Has Hajib
ﺳﯘ ﺋﯩﺸﻠﯩﺮﻯ ﺋﯩﺪﺍﺭﯨﺴﻰ Water Recources Bureau 水利处
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ﺗﻪﻧﺘﻪﺭﺑﯩﻴﻪ ﻣﻪﻳﺪﺍﻧﻰ Stadium 体育场
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The informtion was from Kashgar transportation website in 2009.
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ﺋﺎﺧﯩﺮﻗﻰ ﺑﯧﻜﻪﺕ Terminus 终点站
ﺋﺎﭘﺘﻮﺑﯘﺱ ﻟﯩﻨﯩﻴﯩﺴﻰ Bus Route Number 公交线路
ﮔﯧﺌﻮﻟﻮگ ﺋﻪﺗﺮﯨﺘﻰ Geological Brigade 地质队
ﺋﻪﺳﻜﻰ ﺳﺎﺭ Eski Sar 班超城 ﺩۆﻟﻪﺗﺒﺎﻍ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Döletbagh yoli 多来特巴格路
ﻗﯩﺰﯨﻠﺴﯘ ﺩهﺭﻳﺎﺳﻰ Qizilsu River 克孜勒苏河
ﻳﯧﯖﯩﺸﻪﮬﻪﺭ Yéngisheher 疏勒县城关镇
ﺷﻪﮬﻪﺭﻟﯩﻚ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﯘﺭﺧﺎﻧﺎ Kashgar Hospital 市医院
玉素甫·哈斯·哈吉甫陵墓
ﺋﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﺎ ﻣﯧﻬﻤﺎﻧﺨﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Astana Hotel 阿斯塔娜宾馆
ﺑﯧﻜﻪﺕ Bus Stop 车站
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ﺋﯜﭼﯩﻨﭽﻰ ﺗﺮﺍﻧﺴﭙﻮﺭﺕ No. 3 Transport 三运司
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ﻗﯩﺰﯨﻞ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Qizil Köwrük 七里桥
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ﺋﺎﻧﺎﺭﻟﯩﻖ ﺋﺎﻳﻠﯩﻨﯩﻤﺎ Anar Roundabout 石榴转盘
Key 图例 ﺋﺎﭼﻘﯘچ
ﺷﻪﺭﻗﯩﻲ ﻛﯚﻝ East Lake 东湖 ﺋﯜﭼﯩﻨﭽﻰ ﺋﻮﺗﺘﯘﺭﺍ ﻣﻪﻛﺘﯩﭙﻰ No. 3 Middle School 第三中学
ﺋﯜﭼﯩﻨﭽﻰ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﯘﺭﺧﺎﻧﺎ No. 3 A.D. Hospital 农三师医院
ﻗﯘﺷﭽﻰ Qushchi 库什其
ﺗﯘﺑﯧﺮﻛﯘﻟﻴﯘﺯ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﯘﺭﺧﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Tuberculosis Hospital 结核医院
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ﻗﯘﺭۇﻟﯘﺵ ﺋﯩﺪﺍﺭﯨﺴﻰ Water Recources Bureau 工程处 ﻗﻪﺩﻣﻰ ﺷﻪﮬﻪﺭ ﻣﯧﻬﻤﺎﻧﺨﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Qedmi Sheher Hotel 古城饭店
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ﮔﯘﺯه Guze 东门
ﻗﻮﻏﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﮬﺎﺯﯨﺴﻰ Qoghan Township 浩罕乡
ﺋﺎﭘﺎﻕ ﺧﻮﺟﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﺯﯨﺮﻯ 20 Apaq Ghojam Maziri 阿帕克和卓麻扎
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ﻗﻪﺷﻘﻪﺭ ﻗﻪﺩﯨﻤﯩﻲ ﺷﻪﮬﯩﺮﻯ The Old City of Kashgar 喀什噶尔老城 ﮬﯩﻴﺘﮕﺎھ ﻣﻪﺳﭽﯩﺖ Héytgah Meschit 艾提尕尔清真寺
ﻛﻮﻧﺎ ﺷﻪﻫﻪﺭ Kona Sheher 疏附县
ﭘﯧﺪﺍﮔﻮﮔﯩﻜﺎ ﺋﯩﺴﺘﯩﺘﯘﺗﻰ17 Normal Institute 师范学院
ﻳﻪﺗﺘﯩﻨﭽﻰ ﺑﺎﺷﻼﻧﻐﯘچ ﻣﻪﻛﺘﯩﭙﻰ No. 7 Primary School 第七小学
ﻳﺎۋﺍﻍ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Yawagh Köwrük 民贸商场
ﺳﻪﻣﻪﻥ ﻣﯧﻬﻤﺎﻧﺨﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Semen Hotel 色满宾馆
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21 ﺋﺎﺗﯘﺵ ﺑﯧﻜﯩﺘﻰ Atush Terminal 阿图什客运站
ﺷﯩﻤﺎﻟﯩﻲ ﭼﻮڭ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Shimaliy Chong Köwrük 北大桥
ﺗﺎﻣﻮژﻧﺎ Custom 海关
ﺗﯧﺨﻨﯩﻚ ﺋﯩﺸﭽﯩﻼﺭ ﻣﻪﻛﺘﯩﭙﻰ Vestibule School 技工学校
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ﺋﺎﭘﺘﻮﺑﯘﺱ ﺋﯩﺴﺘﺎﻧﺴﯩﺴﻰ Bus Station 国际汽车站 2
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ﺳﻪﻣﻪﻥ ﻧﺎﮬﺎﺯﯨﺴﻰ Semen Township 色满乡
ﺑﯘﺟﺎ ﻛﻪﻧﺘﻰ Buja Village 布恰村
ﺧﻪﻟﻖ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﯘﺭﺧﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ People’s Hospital 人民医院
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ﻗﻪﺷﻘﻪﺭ ﺋﺎﭘﺘﻮﺑﯘﺱ ﺧﻪﺭﯨﺘﯩﺴﻰ Bus routes in Kashgar 喀什嘎尔公交车路线图
ﺗﻮﻗﯘﻣﭽﯩﻠﯩﻖ ﺯﺍۋۇﺗﻰ Textile Mill 纺织厂 ﻳﯧﺰﺍ ﺋﯩﮕﯩﻠﯩﻜﻰ ﻣﻪﻛﺘﯩﭙﻰ Agriculture School 农校 18
ﮬﻪﺭﺑﯩﻲ ﻣﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﭼﯩﻼﺵ ﭘﻮﻧﻜﯩﺘﻰ A.D. Petroleum 兵团加油站
ﺭﯦﻤﻮﻧﺖ ﺯﺍۋۇﺗﻰ Repair Factory 修理厂
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ﻳﯜهﻧﻔﺎڭ ﺑﺎﺯﺍﺭﻯ Yuanfang Market 远方建材市场
ﻳﺎۋﺍﻍ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Yawagh Köwrük 民贸商场
ﺗﺎﻣﻮژﻧﺎ Custom 海关
ﻗﻪﺷﻘﻪﺭ ﻗﻪﺩﯨﻤﯩﻲ ﺷﻪﮬﯩﺮﻯ The Old City of Kashgar 喀什噶尔老城 ﮬﯩﻴﺘﮕﺎھ ﻣﻪﺳﭽﯩﺖ Héytgah Meschit 艾提尕尔清真寺
28 ﺟﯘﯕﮕﻮ ﭘﻮﭼﺘﯩﺴﻰ China Post 邮电局
ﻗﯘﺭۇﻟﯘﺵ ﺋﯩﺪﺍﺭﯨﺴﻰ ater Recources Bureau 工程处
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ﮔﯘﺯه Guze 东门
ﮬﯩﻴﺘﮕﺎھ Héytgah 艾提尕尔
ﺷﯩﻨﺨﻮﺍ ﻛﯩﺘﺎﭘﺨﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Xinhua Bookstore 新华书店
14 ﺧﻪﻟﻖ ﺑﺎﻏﭽﯩﺴﻰ People’s Park 人民公园
ﻝ ﺑﺎﻏﭽﯩﺴﻰ East La 东湖
ﻗﻮﻏﺎﻥ ﻧﺎﮬﺎﺯﯨﺴﻰXinhua Bookstore Qoghan Township 新华书店 浩罕乡
ﺋﯩﻜﻜﯩﻨﭽﻰ ﺩﻭﺧﺘﯘﺭﺧﺎﻧﺎ No. 2 Hospital ﺋﺎﭘﺎﻕ ﺧﻮﺟﺎﻡ ojam Maziri二医院
克和卓麻扎1
ﻗﯘ ureau k 1
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1. Crossing 2. Tourist place 3. Train station
ﺳﯜپ ﺧﺎﺱ ﮬﺎﺟﯩﭗ ﻗﻪﺑﺮﯨﮕﺎﮬﻰ Tomb of Yusuf Has Hajib 玉素甫·哈斯·哈吉甫陵墓
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ﺑﺎﻏﭽﯩﺴﻰ ۋﻭﮔﺰﺍﻝ People’s ﻣﯧﻬﻤﺎﻧﺨﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ Train Station ﺋﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﺎ 人民公 Astana Hotel 火车站 阿斯塔娜宾馆
Bus stops The Kashgar bus stop symbol, a blue diamond with Kufic script shining in the sky. It is eye-catching, symbolic, and attractive.
BUS STOP SYMBOL. The bus stop sign carries the Uyghur word bĂŠket (bus stop) in Square Kufic style, which is an abstracted stylised form of the archaic Kufic script.
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A diagram showing the evolution of the bus stop symbol.
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2 ﺋﺎﻳﺮﻭﺩﺭﻭﻡ Airport 飞机场
7 ﺗﺎﺧﺘﺎ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Taxta Köwrük 塔合提可力克
8 ﻗﯩﺰﯨﻞ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Qizil Köwrük 七里桥
13 ﺷﺎﻣﺎﻟﺒﺎﻍ ﻧﺎﮬﺎﺯﯨﺴﻰ Shamalbagh Township 夏马勒巴格乡
22 ﻗﯘﺷﭽﻰ Qushchi 库什其
28 ۋﻭﮔﺰﺍﻝ Train Station 火车站 5
ﻰ Bu ﻛﻪﻧﺘ ja ﺟﺎ V ﺑﯘ 村 illag e
恰
ﻰ Bu ﻛﻪﻧﺘ ja ﺟﺎ V ﺑﯘ 村 illag e
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布
r
ﻙ Ta ﯚۋﺭۈ xt a ﺘﺎ ﻛ 提 Köw ﺗﺎﺧ 可 力 rü 克 k
合
ﺯﺍﺭ Yé ﻰ ﺑﺎ ng ﯧﯖ i ﻳ 市 Ba 场 za
亚
塔
两
ﻰ Xin ﺴ ﻧﯩ hu ﺘﺎﭘﺨﺎ 书 a B ﻛﯩ 店 oo ﻮﺍ ks ﺷﯩﻨﺨ to re ﻰ Ch ﺴ in ﻮﭼﺘﯩ a ﭘ 局 Po ﮕﻮ st ﯘﯕ ﺟ
ﻰ G ﻳﺪﺍﻧ 西 her ﻣﻪ 域 biy ﻴﺎﺭ 广 ﺩﯨ 场 Diy ﻲ ar ﺑﯩ Sq ﻏﻪﺭ uar e
5
电
华
17
邮
20
新
20
ﺷ
17
11
ﻪﺭ
2
28
ﻰ Ea ﺴ st ﺎﻏﭽﯩ La ﺑ 公 ke ﻛﯚﻝ 园 Pa ﻲ rk ﻗﯩ
22
8
湖
2
东
大
东
ﻙ Sh ﯚۋﺭۈ er ﻛ q ڭ 桥 iy C ﭼﻮ ho ﻲ ng ﻗﯩ ﻪﺭ Kö ﺷ ﺯه w G ﮔﯘ rü u k 东 ze 门
ﻯ A ﻣﺎﺯﯨﺮ 阿 paq ﻡ ﺟﺎ 帕 克 Gh ﺧﻮ 和 oja ﻕ ﺎﭘﺎ 卓 麻 mM ﺋ 扎 az ﻙ iri Ta ﯚۋﺭۈ 塔 xta ﻛ 合 ﺘﺎ 提 Köw ﺗﺎﺧ 可 力 rü 克 k 13
布
合
5
ﻙ Ta ﯚۋﺭۈ xt a ﺘﺎ ﻛ 提 Köw ﺗﺎﺧ 可 力 rü 克 k
r
23 ﺯﺍﺭ Yé ﻰ ﺑﺎ ng ﯧﯖ i ﻳ 市 Ba 场 za
21
亚
20
塔
ﻲ 噶 ld Ci ﻤﯩ 尔 老 ty ﻗﻪﺩﯨ 城 of Kas ﺷﻘﻪﺭ hg ﻗﻪ ar
ﻯ Th ﮬﯩﺮ e ﺷﻪ O 什
ﻙ Ta ﯚۋﺭۈ xt a ﺘﺎ ﻛ 提 Köw ﺗﺎﺧ 可 力 rü 克 k 合
塔
ﻙ Sh ﯚۋﺭۈ er ﻛ 大 qiy ڭ 桥 Ch ﻲ ﭼﻮ on ﻗﯩ g ﻪﺭ Köw ﺷ ﻰ rü N ﻛﺘﯩﭙ k 第 oÆ ﻣﻪ 七 7 ﯘچ 小 Pr ﻧﻐ 学 im ﻼ ar ﺑﺎﺷ y Sc ﻰ ho ﺘﯩﻨﭽ ﺯﺍﺭ ol ﻪﺗ Yé ﻰ ﺑﺎ ﻳ 两 ng ﯧﯖ 亚 i Ba ﻳ 市 场 za r 东
ﺯه G ﮔﯘ 东 uze 门
喀
ھ H ﻴﺘﮕﺎ 艾 éytg ﮬﯩ 提 尕 ah 尔
7
两
ﮬﯧﻴﺘﮕﺎھ Héytgah 艾提尕尔
ﺗﺎﺧﺘﺎ ﻛﯚۋﺭۈﻙ Taxta Köwrük 塔合提可力克 BUS STOP SIGNPOSTS. There are two options for the bus stop signposts. The left one may be used for bus stops with less lines. The right one is bigger and contains bus routes information in detail.
23 21
24
7
20
23 7 24
21
21 7 24
23
1 2
1. Bus stop option 1 2. Bus stop option 2
29
30 2 17
8 28 11 20
17
20
5
ﻰ G ﺪﺍﻧ 西 her ﻣﻪﻳ 域 bi ﺎﺭ 广 y D ﺩﯨﻴ 场 iy ﻲ ar ﺑﯩ Sq ﻏﻪﺭ ua re
ﻰ B ﻪﻧﺘ 布 uja ﺎ ﻛ 恰 V ﯘﺟ 村 ill ﺑ ag e
13
ﻰ B ﻪﻧﺘ 布 uja ﺎ ﻛ 恰 V ﯘﺟ 村 ill ﺑ ag e
ﻙ Ta ۋﺭۈ 塔 xta ﻛﯚ 合 ﺎ 提 Kö ﺗﺎﺧﺘ 可 w 力 rü 克 k
r
ﺍﺭ Yé ﻰ ﺑﺎﺯ 两 ng ﯧﯖ 亚 iB ﻳ 市 a 场 za
22
东
5
塔
5
ﻙ Ta ۋﺭۈ xt ﯚ 合 a K ﺧﺘﺎ ﻛ 提 ö ﺗﺎ 可 w 力 rü 克 k
r
ﺍﺭ Yé ﻰ ﺑﺎﺯ ng ﯖ 亚 i B ﻳﯧ 市 a 场 za
两
2
ﻰ Ea ﺴ st ﻏﭽﯩ 湖 La ﻝ ﺑﺎ 公 ke ﯚ 园 Pa ﻲ ﻛ rk ﻗﯩ ﻪﺭ ﺷ ﻰ ﺴ Xi ﯩ 新 nh ﺨﺎﻧ 华 ua ﺘﺎﭘ ﻛﯩ 书 店 Boo ﻮﺍ ks ﺷﯩﻨﺨ to re ﻰ Ch ﺴ ﯩ 邮 in ﻮﭼﺘ 电 aP ﭘ 局 o ﮕﻮ st ﯘﯕ ﺟ
ﻯ A ﺎﺯﯨﺮ 阿 paq ﻡ ﻣ ﺟﺎ 帕 克 Gh ﺧﻮ 和 oj ﻕ 卓 am ﺎﭘﺎ ﺋ 麻 扎 Ma zi ﻙ ri ۈ Ta ۋﺭ 塔 xta ﻛﯚ 合 ﺎ ﺘ 提 Kö ﺗﺎﺧ 可 w 力 rü 克 k ﻙ Sh ۋﺭۈ 东 er ﻛﯚ 大 qiy ڭ 桥 Ch ﻲ ﭼﻮ on ﯩ g ﻪﺭﻗ Kö ﺷ w ﺯه rü G ﮔﯘ uz k 东 e 门
ﻙ Ta ۋﺭۈ 塔 xta ﻛﯚ 合 ﺎ 提 Kö ﺗﺎﺧﺘ 可 w 力 rü 克 k
ﻙ Sh ۋﺭۈ 东 er ﻛﯚ 大 qiy ڭ 桥 Ch ﻲ ﭼﻮ on ﯩ g ﻪﺭﻗ Kö ﺷ w ﻰ rü ﭙ N ﺘﯩ k o ﻛ 第 . 7 ﻣﻪ 七 چ 小 Pri ﻐﯘ 学 ma ﻼﻧ ry ﺷ Sc ﻰ ﺑﺎ ho ﭽ ﺯﺍﺭ ol ﺘﯩﻨ ﺎ ﻪﺗ Yé ﻰ ﺑ ﻳ 两 ng ﯧﯖ 亚 iB ﻳ 市 a 场 za r
ﻯ Th ﮬﯩﺮ 喀 e O ﺷﻪ 什 ﻲ 噶 ld C ﻤﯩ 尔 老 ity ﻗﻪﺩﯨ 城 of Ka ﻘﻪﺭ sh ﻪﺷ ﺯه ﯘ ga ﻗ G ﮔ r 东 uze 门
ھ H ﻴﺘﮕﺎ 艾 éyt ﮬﯩ 提 ga 尕 h 尔
BUS ROUTES. Each bus route has its own colour. Diamonds here are used to signify the stops along the line. For example, the one with a thick outline stands for the current stop, and the regular small diamond in white stands for coming stops, meanwhile the grey ones stand for bus stops in the other direction. 24
7
23 21
24
21
23
7
24
23
21 7
20
Signs The consistent use of three languages on all signs is a rare occurrence by any standards. Kashgar with its triple identity — a city with a largely Muslim Uyghur population and culture, a city located in the People’s Republic of China and a city increasingly popular with visitors from around the world – calls for a unique design approach that is able to reflect this diversity and at the same time cater for everybody’s needs.
ﺋﺎۋﺍﻡ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Awam Str. 为民路 31
ﻰ
ﺩ tr. 路
ﺋﺎۋﺍﻡ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Awam Str. 为民路
ﺋﺎۋﺍﻡ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ ﮬﯧﻴﺘﮕﺎھ Awam Str. Héytgah 为民路 艾提尕尔
STREET SIGN. Blue is the main colour, which can be applied for most street signs.
ﺷﻪﺭﻗﯩﻲ ﺧﻪﻟﻖ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Sherqiy Xelq Str. 人民东路
TOURIST PLACE. ﺷﻪﺭﻗﯩﻲ The bright conﺧﻪﻟﻖ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ ﻣﺎﺯﯨﺮﻯ ﺧﻮﺟﺎﻡ spicuous yellowﺋﺎﭘﺎﻕ colour is suitable to Sherqiy Xelq Str. places of interest. Apaqindicate Ghojam Maziri 人民东路 阿帕克和卓麻扎
ﮬﯧﻴﺘﮕﺎھ ﻛﯘﺗﯘﺑﺨﺎﻧﯩﺴﻰ ﻗﻪﺷﻘﻪﺭ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ ﺋﯚﺳﺘﻪﯕﺒﻮﻱ Héytgah Kashgar Library Östengboy Str. 艾提尕尔 喀什市图书馆 吾斯塘博依路
32
ﺩۆﻟﻪﺗﺒﺎﻍ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Döletbagh Str. 多来特巴格路
ﺳﺘﻪﯕﺒﻮﻱ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Östengboy St 吾斯塘博依路
ﺩۆﻟﻪﺗﺒﺎﻍ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Döletbagh Str. 多来特巴格路
ﻮﻱ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Östeng 吾斯塘
PUBLIC PLACE. The neutral brown is applied for public places, such as airport, hospital and library.
ﺑﺎﻧﻜﯩﺴﻰ ﻣﺎﺯﯨﺮﻯ ﺟﯘﯕﮕﻮﺧﻮﺟﺎﻡ ﺋﺎﭘﺎﻕ ﺋﺎﻳﺮﻭﺩﺭﻭﻡ ﺩۆﻟﻪﺗﺒﺎﻍ ﻳﻮﻟﻰAirport of China ApaqBank Ghojam Maziri 中国银行 Döletbagh Str.飞机场 阿帕克和卓麻扎 多来特巴格路
ﺩۆﻟﻪﺗﺒﺎﻍ ﻳﻮﻟﻰ Döletbagh Str. 多来特巴格路
33
It would have been impossible to create this project without the active participation and comments of Prof. Michael Boeck, Prof. Dieter Raffler, Rune Steenberg ReyhĂŠ, Jochen Hoffmann, GĂźlmire Mexmut, Rehmetjan Tursun. I also want to express my gratitude to Nadine Chahine (the Arabic specialist in Linotype) and Linotype for the supply of Frutiger Arabic typeface.
34
Beijing, 2011 zhengchuyang@gmail.com