Port 2016 by Zhikai Chen

Zhikai Chen

zhikaich@buffalo.edu

Major in Architecture Minor in Environmental Design Graduating in 2016

Chippewa Street

Column Arc Office Spring 2015

Urban Wellness Center Fall 2014

Circulation diagram on the site in axon view

Potential population area in plan

Figure Ground in plan

Light Museum Fall 2013

Contruction Technology Spring 2015

Other Drawings The Main Entrance from Main Street and Best Street Train Station The Main Entrance on Main Street

tre

t S

Bes

Parking

e dg

The Axon View

Train Station

The Circulation from Main Street and

Train Station

Best Street

Pearl Street

Asbury Al l ey

Frankl i n Street

Del aware Avenue

Urban Art Housing Fall 2015

Urban Art Housing Arc 403 Senior Studio, Second Place of competition Fall 2015 Partner; Josh Erni Delawave ave, Chippewa st, Buffalo

The structure for public program is steel truss cantilevering from core. Concrete taper is uesed as structure for housing. Double glazing facade is designed on the south side. Thus, cross ventilation is feasible in the winter, while blocking out strong wind from southwest. Panels are designed for further ligtht control. They have various colors on the side of facade. Color like light pink, yellow, orange and red is used to light up the street.

Frankl i n Street

Del aware Avenue

The building is devided into two part, the public program, and the artist housing. The public space is programed as an art gallery to address the artist housing. The ground floor is designed for the entrance and the lobby of art gallery and the housing. The ground floor is setting back from the Chippewa st in order to emphasis the courtyard as void space.

The housing program is designed for artists, which inspires the idea that diffuse daylight would be preferred for working studio. While, the south direct sunlight would be needed for regular living. Thus, the housing volume is rotated into the direction of true north. The unit arranges the working studio on the north side, and all living space on the south. There two types of units; the flat and the duplex. The flat is fully accessible. The duplex offer one more studio or bedroom. Both unit types offer panoramic views toward city. The direction of the housing is also facing the Allen Town, where gathers lots of studio and artists.

Chippewa Street

40’

80’

160’

Direct Sunlight Green Path

Pearl Street

The site is on downtown buffalo, the corner of Delaware ave and Chippewa st. It is a busy business center where locates all kinds of offices and retails. Various kinds of people would walk down the street. The Delaware ave is the main street for automobiles, while Chippewa st is famous for bars. Thus, the street is more narrow and full of pedestrians.On the other side of the site, there is Franklin road, which is quite quiet and isolated area. There are some restaurants and retails. The street is less developed as the Delaware ave. Thus, our urban strategy is try to lead people from Delaware ave to the Franklin road in order to activate the street. The courtyard and green paths are created to meet the concept.The green path extends all way down to Pearl street. The courtyard is considered as the starting point of the green path, and it is opend to anyone who pass the site. Seats and trees are placed in the court yard. People can freely sit there and communicate with each other.

The art gallery is where artists exhibit or sell their art work. The volume is uplifted 16ft off ground, and set back from the sidewalk. Thus, the courtyard is easily seen and accessible. The uplifted void space also offer the opportunity for light artists to exhibit their light sculpture. The void with colorful light sculpture would show the public the most recent work and attract people into the gallery.

Asbury Al l ey

The project is to create working housing for artists.

address the street, th above to get more na

Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Volume is set back to create a green path to Public program is designed to address the street, new urban spac the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight.

Volume is set back to create a green path to connect to Franklin St. and a new urban space

Existing Volume

Urban Strategy

Builidng is uplifted t Public program the private program is

UP DN

Existing Site

Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to 1.Site and Volume. 2.Volume is set back for 3. Green path is created for 4. address Volume is rotate forprogram diffuse the street, the private is placed courtyard. daylight. interaction. Volume is uplifted above to get more natural sunlight. Builidng is uplifted to introduce people Existing Volume Public programdaylight, is designed to add Building is rotated toward True North to get more diffuse for connection. theand private Volume is set back to create a green path to connect to Franklin St. a program is placed above to ge and to face Allentown.Private new urban space program is lifted up from the public Builidng is uplifted to introduce space. Volume is set back to create a green path to connect to Franklin St. and a people to thetogreen create gathering space. Public program is designed to address the street, new urban space the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight. Existing Site

Site plan.

Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight.

Building is rotated toward True North

Pearl Street

Franklin Street

Asbury Alley

green space. Public program is designed to address the street, the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight. Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, Existing Path the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight.

Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, Building is rotated toward True North to get more diffuse daylight, the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight. Chippewa Street Chippewa Street

and to face Allentown.Private program is lifted up from the public to create gathering space. Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight.

40’ Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight. Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, 0’ 40’ 80’ 160’ the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight.

Street View Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight.

0’

40’

80’

160’

Building is rotated toward True North to get more diffuse daylight, and to face Allentown.

Builidng is uplifted to introduce people to the green space. Public program is designed to address the street, the private program is placed above to get more natural sunlight.

Building is rotated toward True North to get more diffuse daylight, and to face Allentown.Private program is lifted up from the public to create gathering space.

Building is rotated toward True North to get more diffuse daylight, and to face Allentown.

Street view from Delaware ave.

Building is rotated toward True North to get more diffuse daylight, and to face Allentown.Private program is lifted up from the public to create gathering space.

Street view from Franklin Rd.

Franklin Street

Volume is set back to create a green path to connect to Franklin St. and a is uplifted to introduce people to the newBuilidng urban space

Delaware Avenue

olume is set back to create a green path to connect to Franklin St. and a new urban space

and to face Allentown.

Site Axon

ve A

a ew

hi C t

S t

l nk

S rl

50 ft 50’

100 ft 100’

Unit axons and plans

Cross Ventilation

Unit 2: Duplex

UP DN

Sliding Panels

Unit 1; Flat ( Fully Accessible)

MEZZANINE LEVEL PLAN SCALE: 1/16”=1’-0”

10’

20’

Unit renders

Model

Section

10’

20’

Structure and Facade Axon

Taper Taper

Concrete Taper C T ONCRETE APER

G P Glass LASS

ANEL

C E Concrete Core ONCRETE GRESS

S MullionM andG Gutter ULLION AND

G P Glass LASS

ANEL

G S Mullion andM Gutter ULLION AND

UTTER

YSTEM

UTTER

YSTEM

D Damper

AMPER

P Color CPanel OLOR

ANEL

T Truss RUSS

G S Mullion andM Gutter ULLION AND

UTTER

YSTEM

Color Aluminum Panel COLOR PANEL

Floor Framing

FLOOR FRAMING

15 S

TRUCTURE AND FACADE

JOSHUA ERNI | ZHIKAI CHEN | ARC 403 | FALL 2015

Render

Architecture Firm Arc 302 Junior Studio Spring 2015 Allen st, Franklin rd, Buffalo, NY The project is to build an architecture design office at downtown Buffalo. The site of this project is in downtown, Buffalo, at the corner of Allen St and Franklin St. The site is in a business area, right opposite to a bike store and it is surrounded by cafe and restaurants. Franklin St is in the direction of Northeast while the Allen St is in the direction of E-W. The site is facing the Franklin St, with bigger area facing West and East. In Buffalo, the wind is mostly coming from southwest. The main idea is to devide office into two main pro grams. One is general working space, the other one is isolated office. The working space is the space requires more diffuse daylight, communicative space arrangement, and broad view . However, for individual office space, it requires quiet environment, isolated and less interaction with others. The finalized design composites of three concrete columns , which is also programmed with office, and a long cantilever of the general working space The Columns have been pulled down to ground to support the building instead of hanging as Scheme Three. The cantilever has been uplifted 20 ft, to provide studio with more diffuse daylight and a better view over the streets.

Columns and general working space have been designed at different levels, so that people in office spaces would not been disturbed by pedestrian. On the other hand, the uplift space below building provides the function as public gathering. For Hvac system, multizone VAV is used for design. Boiler, cooler, and fan room is placed in basement. There are two duct for AHU, one is supplying fresh air, the other one collecting the waste air . Both intake louver and exhaust louver is located on first floor , where intake louver is placed in south direction, where most wind come from in Buffalo. The building has been designed dedicated for diffuse light. There are extra void space created between office column and the general space. The south facing facade is covered by opaque glass to minimize the direct sunlight, or concrete walls have been erected for passive solar design. In the summer time, the light would hit the concrete wall, and reflect some into the working space. Building has big glazing facing north, where the diffuse daylight would be welcomed into the building. Since Columns are 15 ft taller than the working space, shadow would be created to prevent the direct sunlight .

The gap between the Column and the working space provide a good opportunity for natural air ventilation. Wind from southwest can go below the building up to top through the For the facade, double glazing window with different opacity gap, taking away the waste air. On the other hand, it can go is used. Aluminum mullion and gasket system would support through the building by operable window , and take away the waste air . the facade, while extra aluminum panels would be placed on the back of the glazing for different reflectivity.

+ +

Collaborative Studio

Individual Office

Light Circulation

Site Parameters N

N N 4. Slant Office Collumn to advoid sun and increase area of primeter 3. Plates hanging by Collumn to accept more diffuse light.

3. Plates hanging by Collumn N

4. Slant Office Collumn to advoid sun and increase area o to accept more diffuse light. N

N 1. Site

1. Site

N2. Three Collumn of Office

2. Three Collumn of Office

1. Site

2. Thre

N N

5. Uplift the first floor to create public open space, higher floor height for general working space for more diffuse light, Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space.

1. Site

2. Three Collumn of Office 1. Site

2. Three Collumn of Office

Site

2. Three Collumn of Office

Three columns5.of office Uplift the first floor to create public open space,

6. Create void space from top higher to bottom increase area working of primeter floortoheight forthe general space for more diffuse light, to accept more diffuse light Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space.

1. Site

6. Create void space fro to accept more diffuse

2. Three Collumn of Office 2. Three Collumn of Office N

N N 4. Slant Office Collumn to advoid sun and increase area of primeter 3. Plates hanging by Collumn to accept more diffuse light.

3. Plates hanging by Collumn N

N 1. Site

4. Slant Office Collumn to advoid sun and increase area of to accept more diffuse light.

1. Site 2. Three Collumn of Office

2. Three Collumn of Office

N N Slant office columns to advoid sun and increase 5. Uplift the first floor to create public open space, area of primeter to higher accept more diffuse daylight. floor height for general working space for more diffuse light, Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space.

3. Plates hanging by Collumn 3. Plates hanging by Collumn 4. Slant Office Collumn to advoid sun and increase area of primeter to accept more diffuse light.

N N

Plates hanging by columns 5. Uplift the first to create public open space, 6. Create void space from top to bottom to floor increase the area of primeter to accept more diffuse light higher floor height for general working space for more diffuse light, Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space.

4. Slant Office Collumn to N advoid 4. Slant Office Collumn to sun and increase area of primeter to accept more diffuse light. advoid sun and increase area of primeter

N 6. Create void space from

to accept more diffuse li

to accept more diffuse light. N

3. Plates hanging by Collumn

N 4. Slant Office Collumn to advoid sun and increase area of primeter 3. Plates hanging by Collumn to accept more diffuse light.

3. Plates hanging by Collumn

4. Slant Office Collumn to

4. Slant advoid Office Collumn to sun and increase area of primeter advoid to sunaccept and increase arealight. of primeter more diffuse to accept more diffuse light.

3. Plates hanging by Collumn

4. Sla advo to ac

N N Uplift the first floor to createopen public open space, Uplift the first floor 5.to create public space, higher floor height for general working space for more diffuse light, higher floor height for general working space forSpace. Office Collumn is isolated from General Working

more diffuse daylight, Office Collumns are isolated from General Working space.

4. Slant Office Collumn to advoid sun and increase area to accept more diffuse light.

N N

Create void space from top tocreate bottom to space, increase the 5. Uplift the first to public open 6. Create void space from top to bottom to floor increase the area of primeter floor heightmore for general working space for more diffuse light, area primeter to accept diffuse daylight. to acceptof more diffuse light higher Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space.

6. Create void space f to accept more diffus

5. Uplift the first floor to create public open space, 5. Uplift the first floor to create public open space, Create void space from top to bottom to increase the area of prim higher floor height for general working space for more diffuse light, 6. Create void space6. from top to bottom to increase the area of primeter higher for general working space for more diffuse light, N floor height N to accept more diffuse light Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space. to accept more diffuse light Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space. 5. Uplift the first floor to create public open space, N higher floor height for general working space for more diffuse light, 6. Create void space from top to bottom to increase the area of primeter accept diffuse lightpublic open space, Office Collumn is isolated from General Working Space. 5.to Uplift the more first floor to create N 6. Create void space from top to bottom to increase the area of primeter higher floor height for general working space for more diffuse light, Office is isolated from General 5. Uplift the first floorCollumn to create public open space, Working Space. higher floor height for general working space for more diffuse light,

to accept more diffuse light

6. Create void space from top to bottom to increase the area of primeter

Ground Floor Plan

Allen Street

Retail

Fran

klin S

treet

Cafe

B Foyer

A Reception

10’

20’

First Floor Scale 1/8”=1’-0”

Plans Basement

2nd Floor Plan Print/IT Meeting Room Kitchen/ Lounge

Exhaust Louver Computer Lab

Storage

Workshop

Review Space Intake Louver Boiler Chiler

3rd Floor Plan

Roof Plan

Business Office

Studio

Designer Office

Cooling Tower

Photography Room

Studio Green Roof

Studio

Library Associate Office

10’

20’

Section

Sec A-A 10’

20’

N-S Section Scale 1/8”=1’-0”

Model

First Floor Scale 1/8”=1’-0”

Structure and HVAC System

Cooling Tower

Truss

2nd Floor

3nd Floor

Roof

Steel Framing Concrete

VAV Diagram

Chimney

Cooling Tower

Cooling Tower Roof

3th Floor

2nd Floor VAV Terminal

Floor Framing VAV Terminal VAV Terminal Ground Floor

Louver Louver Return Duct Supply Duct Supply Duct

Return Duct Return Duct Supply Duct Basement

Concrete Column

Fan Cooler Boiler Fan Cooler Boiler Exhaust Louver Intake Louver Cooler

Boiler

Supply Duct Return Duct HVAC Chase

Cooling Tower

Low E Double Glass w Different Opaqueness

Aluminum Panels w different reflection

Exhaust Louver

Aluminum Mullion & Gutter System Axon HVAC Chase VAV Terminal

4th, 5th Floor

Intake Louver

Cooler 1st, 2nd, 3th Floor

Boiler Basement

Light Diagram 3

Direct Sunlight

Transmission Transmission Light Light

Reflect Sunlight

Diffuse Diffuse Light Daylight

Light Light Area Area

Reflect Sunlight

Interior Render

Waste Air

Fresh Air

Wind

Direct Sunlight

Transmission Light

Diffuse Light

Light Area

Reflect Sunlight

Natural Ventilation

Waste WasteAir Air

Fresh FreshAir Air

Wind

Night Render

1 Notes:

1. Foundation -- Site Cast Concrete --1” Rigid Insulation --Vapor Barrier -- Crushed Stone

2. Floor Assembly --Tongue Grooving -- Precast Concrete Slab --2” Composite Decking --1” Rigid Insulation -- Steel Framing -- Drop Ceiling Tiles

3. Roof -- PVC Single- ply Membrane --1/4” Overlayment Board --R-21 High-Performance Rigid Insulation --Vapor Barrier

4. Window --Low E Double Glazed Window --Alumium Mullion and Gasket System -- Alumium Panels

Urban Wellness Center Arc 301 Junior Studio Fall, 2014 Main St, Summer St, Best St. Buffalo, NY The concept is to create wellness center to help interaction of the site.

where people from different culture background can release the pressure from reality, and talk freely to others. The idea was inspired by the Roman Basilica where people communicate and help developing the society.

The site is at the corner of the Summer st and Best st. In downtown Buffalo, Main street devided the site into two part. According to NY times cencus, the west side of the site is more densed, high educated, People in nowaday society face too much social and richer, while, the east side is less densed, lower pressure. Some is from family, some is from work, and some is from self. The purpose of the wellness educated and poorer. center is to help people release pressure, and free themselves to new friends, to the new community Based on the site study, the concept would focus that they have not yet interact with. The movement on the how to lead people to interact, to help solve the social problem. To achieve concept of interact- of the train station and the creation of the path have lead people to the site, and the program here ing people from different race, ethnity, and cultural background, transportation of the site is considered would help them to access to the purposes.The to be main issue, which can lead people to the other detail programs includes bath, aqua therapy, gym, aromatherophy and fango mud room. side of the Main Street, where you can meet more people. I try to use the train station to attract people to the other side in order to help interaction of com- The project use dome as the main shape to show munity and activate the isolated part. The train sta- the respect toward the Roman Basilica. The project use waffle structure. Glass panals with different tion is originally located on the Main street, where transparency and reflectivity are used as facade. the site is separated. The train station is moving The heat and HVAC system going through the coltoward the east along the the line. umns. The program is defined as for mental wellness,

Circulation

High Graduate

Low Graduate

Resource: http://projects.nytimes.com/census/2010/

Site analysis and design strategy

Resource: http://projects.nytimes.com/census/2010/

Curretn site condition Population

Asian Hispanic Black

White

The Diagram from Nytimes Census. The site is devided by the Main Street, and one is densed, rich and highly educated, The Diagram from Nytimes Census. The site is devided by the Main Street, and one is densed, rich and highly educated, while the other one is less densed, poor and low educated. while the other one is less densed, poor and low educated.

Other $ 200,000

More people is located on the west side of the Main Street.

Density of high school graduate

House Value

Income

$ 100,000

$ 30,000

$ 400,000

100%

$ 50,000

The value of the median house on More high school graduates live People on the west side earn the west side is than the east onMain the west side of theand highly Thehigher Diagram Nytimes Census. site is devided by instead the Main Street, one iseducated, densed, rich and h more money than the east side The Diagram from Nytimes Census. The from site is devided by theThe Street, and one is densed, rich and while the other one low is less densed, poor and low educated. while the other one is less densed, poor and educated. side. east. of the Main Street.

Diagram Nytimes The sitebyisthe devided by the Main Street, and one isThe densed, rich and highly educated, Poulation Density on the Site Density on the Site The Diagram The from Nytimesfrom Census. The Census. site is devided Main Street, and one is densed, rich and highly educated, The Poulation while one the isother is less and low educated. while the other less one densed, poordensed, and lowpoor educated.

Move Train Station toMove the Train poor Station area to the poor area

Urban strategy to change the condition

The Diagram from Nytimes Census. The site is devided by the Main Street, and one is densed, rich and highly educated, while the other one is less densed, poor and low educated. The Diagram from Nytimes Census. The site is devided by the Main Street, and one is densed, rich and highly educated, while the other one is less densed, poor and low educated.

Potential population area in plan

Figure Ground in plan Move Train Station to the poor area Move Train Station to the poor area

Circulation diagram on the site in axon view The Poulation Density on the Site The Poulation Density on the Site

The Poulation Density on the Site The Poulation Density on the Site

1.The site with the train station on the corner of the Main Street.

The Poulation Density on the Site

Path to and Move Train Station to the poor Creating Path toarea the Creating Train Station andthe theTrain Main Station Entrance to the the Main siteEntrance to the site Move Train Station to the poor area

2.The train station is moved to east side of the site.

The Population Density change The Population Density change

4.Possibility of people from west side of the Main Street meet with the east side.

3.Possible circulation diagram to the train station after moving.

Move Train Station to the poor area

The Main Entrance from Main Street and Best Street Train Station The Main Entrance on Main Street

Design concept

Creating Path to the Train Station and the Main Entrance to the site

The Population Density change

tre

t S

Bes

ating Path to the Train Station and the Main Entrance to the site

e e The Population Density change t

Creating Path to the Train Station and the Main Entrance to the site

The Population Density change

Parking

g od

Creating Path to the Train Station and the Main Entrance to the site

The Population Density change The Axon View

Circulation diagram on the site in axon view

Potential population area Train in plan Station

The Circulation from Main Street and

Figure Ground in plan

1.The into four parts based to the site 2.The possible population 3.Figureground of the Creatingsite Pathis todevided the Train Station and the Main Entrance The Population Density change gathering space. on the possible entrance to the train station. architecture.

Circulation diagram on the site in axon view rculation diagram on the site in axon view

Potential population area in plan Potential population area in plan

Figure Ground in plan Figure Ground in plan

Best Street

Train Station

4.Axon of the first trial

Ground floor plan

Stree

Dodge Street

Sum

mer

7 13

6 B

Str

1. Outdoor Bath ( 6850 sqf) 3. Kid Bath (1150 sqf) 5. Aqua Therapy (500sqf) 7. Cafe ( 1540 sqf) 9. Healthy food restaurant & grocery ( 3280 sqf) 11. Family Bath (1000 sqf) 13. Shower & Storage (5350 sqf)

2. Indoor Bath (3000 sqf) 4. Infant Bath (200 sqf) 6. Multipurpose Gym (2700 sqf) 8. Market House (2290 sqf) 10. Steam Room (2700 sqf ) 12. Aromatheraphy & Fango Mud Room (1400 sqf) 14. Restroom (1790 sqf )

NN 20’

Third floor plan

Sum

mer

Stree

Dodge Street

13 14

Open to below

12. Aromatheraphy & Fango Mud Room 14. Restroom 13. Shower & Storage

Str

NN 20’

Sections

Section b - b

Section C- C

Section A - A N

20’

Structure and facade diagram

Food Market

Shower & TOILET & Storage

Train Station Cafe

Pool

Glass Panel Glass Panel

Opaque Glass Opaque Glass Panels

Transparent Glass Transparent Glass Panels Gym

Program Section

Mud Room Family Bath

Overhanged Hallway

Steam Room

Secondary Structure Secondary structure

Best Street

Gym

Overhanged hallway

Cafe

Exterior Circulation

Interior Circulation

Shower& Shower& Main Entrance from Main Street Storage Storage

Outdoor Bath

Private

Courtyard

Mud Room

Outdoor Bath

Steam Room

Entrance & Lobby

Dodge Street

Steam Room

Indoor Bath

Toilet

Main Street

Public

Main structure Waffel Structure

Egress Egress

Family Bath Private Bath

Aromatheraphy Fango Mud Room

Bath & Storage

Steam Room

Grocery Restaurant

Aromatheraphy & Fango Mud Room

Shower & TOILET & Storage

Steam Room

Food Market

Pool Pool

Train Station Train Station

Gym

Axon

Gym

Cafe Cafe

Program

Site Axon

Axon Circulation Circulation

Model

1/32”=1’-0” Elevation from Best Street

Art Museum Arc 201 Sophomore Studio Fall 2013 The project starts from the study of precedent. By stuyding the strength or weakness of the precedent throughout the history, we would follow the trend of historical development and keep on design based on the trend.

The site is on the slope of Delaware park. The ridge is connect to the street level, while the vally is connect to the water fall.

The precedent that I studied is St. Angelo’s. It was built as Hadrian’s tomb in 139 AD. Later in 401 century, it lost all his decorations and tomb contents, and it was used as a military fortress. In 14th century, St. Angelo was used as residence and prison.

The concept is to create pure enclosed exhibition space without disturbance from surrounding, while the core will be the only source of light, wind, and access toward outside. The direct sunlight is only accessible through the glass core, while, the exhibit space would have few diffuse light or reflect light. The glass core offers the flatforms for people to sit and chat like exterior. The museum would offer people new distinct experience of the exterior and interior, solid and void, diffuse daylight and direct sunlight. The entrance of the gallery is a bridge linking street to the museum. People from street need to go down stairs to get in. The bridge is like transition from a mundane world to art place.

From the aspect of the facade, when it was first built, it was full of decorations. While, later, decorations were removed, and four towers were build as military fortress. As interior, people kept extending horizontal space for more rooms, and kep the height. In the later design, I took the interior space and simplified it to couple volumes. The horizontal sapce was stretched based on the historical records, while at the same time, it was stretched vertically to meet the comtemporary needs.

The program of the project is museum.

The waffle structure is supporting the whole building. The material of glass would allow the diffuse daylight access into the interior space. No window would be placed on exhibition area. Opening would be offered on the core.

Direct Sunlight

Diffuse Sunlight / Reflective Sunlight

Precedent Study and Conceptual Diagram Exterior Study

1. Mausoleum of Hadrian in 139AD.

2. All decorations and windows were removed later.

3. The fortress in 14th centure. The Mausoleum was used as military defense. Four towers were built.

Interior Study Castel st Angelo’s After 14th century

1st floor

2nd floor

3rd floor

4.3rd floor Mausoleum of Hadrian in 139AD.

5. The fortress in 14th centure.

6. Volume is simplified. In order to emphasis the characteristics of the mausoleum, the later design would continue the trend.

Army command center

Artifact Development

Store/office Army/Prison Unkown

Openning communicating space Enclosured working space

7. Follow the trend of growing vertically.

Openning communicating space Enclosured working space

8. Artifact is formed. Vertical volume is defined as void, while the horizontal volume is defined as solid.

9.Waffel structure is used, and volumn is defined.

Models

Plans

2 5

6b 6a

1. 140 Admission Office 140 1. Admission Office

6a. Exhibition 1200 6a. Exhibition 1200

2. Delivery 140

6b. Exhibition 1406b. Exhibition 140

3. Storage 700

6c. Exhibition 2206c. Exhibition 220

4. Bathroom 70

6d.220 Dark Exhibition 220 6d. Dark Exhibition

5. Workshop 220 5. Workshop 220

4 4

4. Bathroom 400 7. Shop 700 8. Conference 140 9. Cafeteria 220

1. Admission Office 2. Delivery 3. Storage 4. Bathroom 5. Workshop

6a. Exhibition a 6b. Exhibition b 6c. Exhibition c 6d. Dark Exhibition

Axon drawing with circulation diagram

Main stair with platform for resting.

Gallery space

Circulation diagram overall.

Section

1/8” Northwest - eastsouth section

1/8

1/8” Northeast - Westsouth

Construction Technology Spring 2015 1. Foundation for perimeter wall at North 30” wide x 12” thick site cast concrete strip footing with 3-#5 reinforcement bars at bottom

2. External wall below grade 8” x 8” x 16” CMU inner wythe w/vert # 5 rebar @ 48”o.c. w/#5 Dowels @ 24”o.c. w/ hor 16” o.c. 2” thick rigid board insulation Bitumious Dampproofing 4” x 8” x 8” CMU outer wythe w/vert # 5 rebar @ 48”o.c. w/# 5 Dowels @ 24” o.c. w/ hor 16” o.c.

3. External wall below grade 16” x 8” 16” CMU wythe w/ vert # 6 rebar @ 48” o.c. w/ hor 8” o.c. 1” thick rigid board isulation Sheet membrane waterproofing Drainage composite 4. External wall 8” x 8” x 16” CMU inner wythe w/3-#5 vertical reinforcement grouted solid at corners, openings and 48” o.c. Vapor Barrier 2” Rigid insulation 2” Air cavity 8” x 8” x 4” CMU outer wythe 8 4

5. Ground floor Cast -in- place concrete w/ welded wire reinforcing Vapor barrier 1” Rigid board insulation Crushed stone 6. Upper floors Cast-in-place concrete w/5-#4 @16 o.c. top and bottom w/4-#5 @16 o.c. each face Plywood web I-joist bridging, 16” o.c. Sound insulation Gang lam beam 4” x 1.5” x 4.25” 3/4 thick battens & 1/2” thick plywood for floor finish

7. Roof Vapor barrier Laminated veneer lumber framing @ 16” o.c. 1/2” bolt @ 12” o.c. staggered top & bottom R-30 batt insulation Roof sheathing Underlayment Slip sheet Metal roofing 8. Window Site cast concrete sill 8” bond beam lintel w/ 4-#5 reinforcement Steel frame window w/ DBL glaced insur glass

9. Stair 5 Steel stair

1 Menefee Cabin Clark and Menefee Architects

8”

16”

32”

Other drawings