tion
| PNEU | WbLoop Subdivision from inflated result, level 1 to level 2 (level 2: 4 times the amount of surfaces of level 1) { INFLATION PROCESS }
Pneu + Pack
Soft & Rigid
Inflation Process
inflation simulations given constraints and conditions in kangaroo 2.0
Inflation Result
{ JOINT DETAIL }
{ LEVEL 01 } structural elements Physical Model
Elevation
Section
Concept: ‘Soft’ Surface by Rigid Panels
Pneu + Surface Pneu + Surface Pneu + Surface is a soft wavy facade that is made up of rigid ply triangle pieces connected with bespoke polypropylene joints. The piece aspires to mimic a ‘landscape’ that climbs from the wall to part of the ceiling. The dynamic contour wraps around the wall and and the beam; softening the harshness of the work space. It would form intricate shadows when shone on with incandescent tracklighting, enhancing the work experience during evenings.
{ LEVEL 02 } Seating conditions
| PNEU + POD | INTEGRATED LOUNGE POD FORMED BY DIGITAL INFLATIONS SIMULATION
| PNEU + PACK | SYSTEM: MORPHOLOGY OF BULKED AGGREGATES IN NATURE
The layering of the shadows and porous surface would seemingly be doubled up; providing depth and complexity to the single skinned surface.
Inflation Process for Customised Form Finding Pneu + Surface is actually part of an inflated sphere. A sphere is inflated or morphed around the beam and the pillar under digital simulation. Part of the surface is then strategically taken as the final form. (Process illustrated on the top row). This inflation methodology allows unique customisation of form that responds directly to the idiosyncrasy of its contexts; in this case-Buro Happold’s office. Initial Research: Pneu + Pack The initial research Pneu+Pack was an investigation on the morphology of bulked aggregates in nature(Eg. Cells, pomegranates, beehives). Spheres are always favored by nature as the most basic form due to material efficiency. Under pneumatic pressure, the bulk of spheres deform. They push against each other to achieve equilibrium. Their initial lattice arrangement was the determinant of the final forms.
Zhini Poh
| PNEU |
| BURNING MAN |
tion
WbLoop Subdivision from inflated result, level 1 to level 2 (level 2: 4 times the amount of surfaces of level 1)
| BRICKLANE ENTREPREND |
{ INFLATION PROCESS }
Pneu + Pack
Soft & Rigid
Inflation Process
inflation simulations given constraints and conditions in kangaroo 2.0
03 Expand
02 Entreprend
01 System
Inflation Result
STANDING OUT
Corporation receive requests for donation and support regularly. Identify what it is about your project that would make them donate to you but not others. Also, how donating to your project will benefit the company donor.
USP
Designers have previously contributed to the event or have some prior knowledge of the requirements.
{ JOINT DETAIL }
{ LEVEL 01 } structural elements
THEIR BELIEFS
Physical Model
Some companies believe in the concept of supporting the local community at grassroots level; some want to increase their profile in the local community; some want to boost their corporate social responsibility credentials.
| PNEU + POD | INTEGRATED LOUNGE POD FORMED BY DIGITAL INFLATIONS SIMULATION
SHOWCASING
CORPORATE FUNDING
It could be a win-win situation, if you are able to up their reputation or sales in following ways: - Publicising their sponsors on promotional materials for events - Showcasing their products with innovative use. This is especially true with material sponsor companies.
Rule 1 USP: Identify Your unique selling point (USP)
| PNEU + PACK | SYSTEM: MORPHOLOGY OF BULKED AGGREGATES IN NATURE
Rule 2 ETHOS/VISION: Do your homework before meeting the potential sponsor
LEGACY
RETURN
Ultimately the project could be named after the sponsors, especially the more permanent projects to give a more lasting legacy on their contribution.
Rule 3 RETURN: What can you offer your corporate sponsor? Rule 4 COVERAGE: Who would they want to reach out to?
FESTIVALS/EVENTS Events or festivals tend to reach out further due to promotional materials and publicity campaigns. They could be in the form of (both analog and digital): - News - Articles - Flyers TARGET & AUDIENCE
COVERAGE
Usually, the greater range of people involved, the greater the impact. Although sometimes the companies’ targeted audiences could be a niched group or local communities.
Concept: ‘Soft’ Surface by Rigid Panels
Pneu + Surface
The piece aspires to mimic a ‘landscape’ that climbs from the wall to part of the ceiling. The dynamic contour wraps around the wall and and the beam; softening the harshness of the work space. It would form intricate shadows when shone on with incandescent tracklighting, enhancing the work experience during evenings.
{ LEVEL 02 }
ETHOS/VISION
Section
Pneu + Surface Pneu + Surface is a soft wavy facade that is made up of rigid ply triangle pieces connected with bespoke polypropylene joints.
Seating conditions
The programme or design intent of the project could be packaged to become part of their visions.
Elevation
The layering of the shadows and porous surface would seemingly be doubled up; providing depth and complexity to the single skinned surface.
Inflation Process for Customised Form Finding Pneu + Surface is actually part of an inflated sphere. A sphere is inflated or morphed around the beam and the pillar under digital simulation. Part of the surface is then strategically taken as the final form. (Process illustrated on the top row). This inflation methodology allows unique customisation of form that responds directly to the idiosyncrasy of its contexts; in this case-Buro Happold’s office. Initial Research: Pneu + Pack The initial research Pneu+Pack was an investigation on the morphology of bulked aggregates in nature(Eg. Cells, pomegranates, beehives). Spheres are always favored by nature as the most basic form due to material efficiency. Under pneumatic pressure, the bulk of spheres deform. They push against each other to achieve equilibrium. Their initial lattice arrangement was the determinant of the final forms.
Zhini Poh
01 System: Pneu + Pack
from Gk. systema “organized whole, body,” from syn “together” + root of histanai “cause to stand”. Through parametric, physical modelling and diagrams, we want you to make the systems your own, extracting the rules behind them.
First order: Pneu as a cell
Second order: Pneus combine to form aggregates
| LATTICE CONFIGURATION | All living organisms are composed of cells, and cells are fluid-filled spaces surrounded by an envelope of little material- cell membrane. Frei Otto described this kind of structure as pneus.
Third order: Pneus within pneus (envelopes within envelopes) and form entire hierarchies of pneus
First Order:
Sphere sas nature’s modules as they have the most volume to surface area ratio. In 2D optimal rigid sphere packing, a circle is surrounded by 6 circles (Scale invariant). This packing is called a lattice sphere packing.
Second Order:
Third order:
Each pair of neighbouring walls achieve equilibrium, resulting in 6 shared straight edges with the 6 surrounded spheres. Half the building materials could be saved when each wall is shared.
3 dimensionally, a cell is surrounded by 3 other cells at the rear. Formation of 3 shared Rhombic faces at the rear of a cell.
2D
3D
| BEEHIVES | The formation of beehives is a translated example of the different orders of ‘pneu’ on a larger scale.
A
B
hexagonal grid
HEXAGONAL GRID:
FACE CENTRED CUBIC (FCC):
SQUARE GRID pi/6 = 52.3% Density
pi/ (3√2 ) = 74.048% Density
pi/ (3√2 ) = 74.048% Density
Exploded 3D
60O
A
B
A
A
B
C
The third stack has been turned by 60o.
Plan
C B
B A
A
| LATTICE CONFIGURATION | The study on beehive led me to investigating lattice configuration in close packing. In 1611, Kepler proposed that close packing (either cubic or hexagonal close packing, both of which have maximum densities of pi/(3sqrt(2)) approx 74.048%) is the densest possible sphere packing, and this assertion is known as the Kepler conjecture. Finding the densest (not necessarily periodic) packing of spheres is known as the Kepler problem.
FIXED
PARAMETER: SIZES OF SPHERES
NUMBER OF SPHERES IN FIXED VOLUME INCREASING SPHERE SIZES
Sizes of Spheres
rad = 1.0
rad = 1.1
Cross Section of Negative Space
Perspective of Negative Space
| SQUARE GRID | Square grid configuration and its negative space when sphere sizes increase. Assuming that spheres intersect.
rad = 1.2
rad = 1.3
rad = 1.4
FIXED
PARAMETER: SIZES OF SPHERES
NUMBER OF SPHERES IN FIXED VOLUME INCREASING SPHERE SIZES
Sizes of Spheres
rad = 0.9
rad = 1.0
rad = 1.1
rad = 1.2
rad = 1.3
Cross Section of Negative Space
(Negative space been fully filled)
Perspective of Negative Space
| FACE CENTRED CUBIC | FCC configuration (ABC) and its negative space. Assuming that spheres intersect.
has
(Negative space been fully filled)
has
HEXAGONAL GRID: pi/ (3√2 ) = 74.048% Density
The spheres will achieve equilibrium with the 12 surrounding spheres when they expand to fill up the space in between. They will have 12 flat faces, and the arrangement of the lattice will determine the form.
In the bee hive, the rhombic faces were a result of the space filling of spheres in a specific lattice configuration.
When the two kissing circles arrived at equalibrium, they form a straight edge.
| SPACE FILLING | The diagrams show periphery conditions give rise to the forms of the packed spheres.
600 ROTATION
FACE CENTRED CUBIC (FCC) & RHOMBIC DODECAHEDRA
A
A
B
B
C
A
60O
HEXAGONAL GRID & TRAPEZOID RHOMBIC DODECAHEDRA
60O
Trapezoid Rhombic dodecahedra will be formed in AB lattice configuration.
Rhombic dodecahedra will be formed in ABC lattice configuration.
It consists of six rhombic and six trapezoid faces.
It consists of twelve rhombic faces.
Sliced into half
Rotate 60o
| 3D SPACE PACKING | The diagram explains the rotation of 600 in the Hex Grid and FCC Grid lattice configuration and its resulted form of the packed sphere.
Parameters
A
Mesh Bounce Strength:
:
Boundary strength between spheres
B
Inflation
:
Pressure from point pushing outwards
- Could be simulated by pulling the sphere
E
division edges.
C
Spring Strength
:
Stiffness/Spring Constant
- determines the taut/smoothness of surfaces
D
Load
:
Unary Force on points as gravity
E
Boundary Strength
:
(SolidPointCollide in Kangaroo 2)
A B
D
| 3D SPACE PACKING | Digital and Physical experiment to understand the different parameters on pneumatics & materials behaviours
Process //1 Setting up of grids with [range ]and [cross reference]
//2 [Icosahedron] & [WbLoop] Subdivision is used for geodesic spheres
//3 [Deconstruct Mesh for vertices]
//5 The set up is then connected to parameters(will be described in next few pages) and solver to run the simulation. //6 Initial spheres in grid
//7 Inflated spheres in grid
| ITERATION 01 | Following illustrates the set up and process of the simulations. The full process can be seen in following links: 2D: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3ncx3sReZ8 Face-Centred Cubic Lattice: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-32wqUrleS0 Non-Gridded Lattice: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGv_JXiwd70
//8 They were taken apart to find out the deformation of spheres within the inflated grid.
//4 [Bounding Box] and showing [Mesh Edge]
| SIMULATION RECORDING | The formation of beehives is a translated example of the different orders of ‘pneu’ on a larger scale.
PARAMETERS
INFLATION SIMULATION
RHOMBIC DODECAHEDRON
PROXIMITY ALGORITHM
TOP
A
MESH BOUNCE STRENGTH: 310 INFLATION : 1.9 SPRING STRENGTH: 110 LOAD
: - 0.32
BOUNDARY STRENGTH: 110 A Proximity algorithm also known as Nearest neighbor search (NNS), similarity search or closest point search, is an optimization problem for finding closest (or most similar) points/distance. One of its main application is Kernel Machines in data mining. Kernel machines are used to compute a non-linearly separable functions into a higher dimension linearly separable function. It is analogous to the theoretical version of the inflation process assuming parameters of weight is non-existant and surface tension is optimal. The neighbouring surfaces of spheres achieve equalisation in pressure and become flat faces.
KERNEL MACHINES
FRONT B
C
B
RIGHT
C
| SIMULATION 01 | Inflation simulation on Face Centred Cubic Packing in Kangaroo 2. No. of Spheres: 13 Note that the spheres at the edges were not surrounded by spheres at all directions hence they took the shape of the bounding box. They appear more voluminous as there are more spaces in between spheres and bounding box for expansion.
INFLATION SIMULATION
RHOMBIC DODECAHEDRON
PROXIMITY ALGORITHM
PARAMETERS MESH BOUNCE STRENGTH: 310 INFLATION : 1.9
A
A
SPRING STRENGTH: 90 LOAD
: - 0.32 TOP
BOUNDARY STRENGTH: 110
B
B
FRONT
C
C
RIGHT
| SIMULATION 02 |
A
Inflation simulation 02 on Face Centred Cubic Packing in Kangaroo 2. No. of Spheres: 32 Interested to see how Rhombic dodecahedron connect. Spring Strength/ Surface tension is reduced resulting in pointed edges as the fabric tries to fill the in between space between two neighbouring spheres.
A
INFLATION SIMULATION
SECTIONS
PARAMETERS MESH BOUNCE STRENGTH: 310 INFLATION : 4.0 SPRING STRENGTH: 120 LOAD
A
: -0.32
BOUNDARY STRENGTH: 110
A B
B
C
C
| NON-GRIDDED SIMULATION | Inflation simulation on Non Gridded spheres in Kangaroo 2. No. of Spheres: 19 Reference: David Stasiuk (http://www.grasshopper3d.com/forum/topics/inflate-multiple-balloons-within-a-boundary-volume?xg_source=activity&id=2985220%3ATopic%3A1304395&page=1#comments) - Triangulated Geodesic Division on Spheres for more evenly distributed pressure - Optimal Surface Tension to avoid sharp edges
PROXIMITY ALGORITHM
Rhombic dodecahedra from FCC:
Trapezoid Rhombic dodecahedra from Hex Grid:
There are more flexibility in stacking of rhombic dodecahedron as the faces are regular. I have decided to explore the possibility of making the faces as modules and experiment with the joints. As there are two types of faces, it was limited to stack trapezo rhombic dodecahedrons.
The laser cut pieces have thickness and should be joined at angles. The modules are joint by tapes rather than adhering the edges.
| RHOMBIC DODECAHEDRON | If the spheres of Face-centred close packing are expanded, they form rhombic dodecahedron consisting of 12 rhombi. In a hexagonal close packed lattice(ABA): they would form Trapezoid Rhombic dodecahedron consisting of six rhombi and six trapezoids.
1
2
Two variations have been tested by varying: - The sizes of the discs - Number of slots on each edge of the rhombi
The single slot works slightly better in terms of ease of assemblage.
| MODULAR FABRICATION | The test fabrication of rhombic dodecahedron is done to study the possibilities of modular fabrication. The fabrication consists of 2 simple modules; - the Rhombic faces - the circular discs as the joints The system can be expanded indefinitely.
This joining system could be quite difficult when it comes to a few conditions:
- assembling the final piece in the rhombus
- connecting to two adjacent edges at an obtuse angle.
TIME INCREASES
B
Expansion due to inflation pressure from within
01
1.00
SQUARE 1.00
GRID
PARAMETERS A
MESH BOUNCE STRENGTH: 310
B
INFLATION : 1.9
C
SPRING STRENGTH: 110
D
LOAD
E
BOUNDARY STRENGTH: 110
: -0.32
(Next page)
Gravity acting on the spheres D resulting in overall positions to shift downwards(flattens).
Frame 07
| PNEUMATIC SIMULATION PROCESS | 01 Square Grid
Frame 03
Frame 02
Frame 01
Gravity
Frame 08
E
There is a reaction force acting by the bounding box at the spheres weight at the same time.
Frame 09
Mesh Bounce strength prevents the spheres from intersectA ing each other when collided. The inflating spheres are being squashed and not allowed to intersect; thus they deform.
Frame 04
D
C
Frame 06
Frame 05
The spheres at the bottom had to withstand D most weight( total weight asserted from the spheres above ); thus deformed most.
Inflation time increases, the weight of the air within increases, the centre point of the spheres move downwards.
Frame 10
The elasticity of the material tries to maintain the shape of the sphere when the spheres are pushed together. How much the material could deform and fill up the negative space depends on the spring constant.
Frame 11
Frame 12
DENSITIES
9 SPHERES
LOAD
NONE
-0.32
-0.90
| SQUARE GRID ITERATIONS SUMMARY |
(Process shown previously)
Iterations have been made by varying pressure and density in the fixed volume.
SQUARE GRID 15SPHERES
DENSITIES
HEX GRID Paragraph
9 SPHERES
LOAD
NONE
-0.32
(Process shown previously)
-0.90
| HEX GRID ITERATIONS SUMMARY | Iterations have been made by varying pressure and density in the fixed volume.
16 SPHERES
01
System: Fabrication A INFLATABLE
Inflatable studies and experiments. Air workshop Inflatable cells exploration for brief 2
A Content: Air Packing Method: Vacuum compressed.
B
Plaster of paris : Packing Method: Vacuum compressed
| PHYSICAL EXPERIMENT | Physical experiment to understand the different parameters on pneumatics & materials behaviours.
I found that they are very resistant to deformation due to the air pressure acting on the balloon inner surface. They are also subject to the shape of the balloon, thus shapes are less uniform.
They are more mouldable, deformation is noticeable. However, they would not dry, water are trapped inside. Otherwise the deformation shape could be investigated if it hardens.
C Content: Water Packing Method: Casing with Unidirectional downward force
Process
SQUARE GRID
Frame 01
Frame 02
Frame 03
Frame 04
Frame 03
Frame 04
Process
HEX GRID
Frame 01
Frame 02
PEPAKURA
ITERATION 01
SQUISH/SMASH
ITERATION 02
ITERATION 01 10 panels in v direction(Horizontal strips)
ITERATION 02
The red lines are the scored elements whereas the black are the cut elements in lasercutting
Iteration 02 seems to make a more rounded effect. It was physically tested with a lasercut paper model. SplitSeams=Yes PreserveBoundary=Yes Deformation=StretchOnly Material=Floppy Outside=Up Decorate=Yes )
| INFLATABLES GEOMETRY UNFOLD | PEPAKURA: Initially, I tried out with Pepakura - a software which unfold forms for paper origami. While it gives me the form I want, it is not suitable for inflatables because of the large number of faces.
SQUISH/SMASH TOOL IN RHINOCEROUS: They were tools similar to unroll surfaces but they were for double curve surfaces. The surfaces are unrolled according to some of the properties of the materials such as stiffness.
ITERATION 01
ITERATION 02
| INFLATABLES SPHERE UNFOLD | By refering to particular balls, I tried to see how I could unfold spheres with minimum seams.
STITCHING
HEAT SEAMING
SPECIALIST GLUE
Inflatable Castles
Solent sewing machine - continuous hot air welding machines are proven for creating air and water tight seams in Sewing produced a cleaner fin- PVC fabrics. ish but it is not air sealed and extremely time consuming. I contacted the University of Westminster fashion design department but it was too specialist that they did not have it. Boat construction
Architects of Air who produced inflatable pavilions for festivals have their own specialist glue which made of a two part glue to join their PVC membranes.
I tried using iron, hot plates(hair straigteners) as well as soldering machines . It was rather hard to control the temperature and curvature. Results are often quite messy.
Plastic bag sealers - only suitable for straight edges
Plastic bag sealers - only suitable for straight edges
| FABRICATION TECHNIQUES | I then tried different kind of fabricatioin technigues, especially the jointing technigues. I looked at inflatable boat construction and portable air pavilions fabrication in particular.
CONTINUOUS AIR SOURCE & SEALING METHOD
AIR SOURCE
Paragraph
Electrical Inflatable Air Source
Connection to Air Source
Adapted Fan
- They might require continuous air source, thus having an air outlet so that pressure is not too high within - Fastest sealing method would be double sided tape.
| AIR WORKSHOP | I attended an air workshop during Play week, we created multiple full scale air structure, including a cube, an ellipse, tetrahedron, and overhead structure with air tubes.
| AIR WORKSHOP | I attended an air workshop during Play week led by William Mclean and Laylac Shahed, we learned many useful techniques to build quick inflatables. We created multiple full scale air structures including a cube, an ellipse, tetrahedron, and overhead structure with air tubes.
Physical Testing Inflation Process
Frame 01
Frame 02
Frame 03
Frame 04
Frame 05
Kangaroo 2 Physics Simulation
PARAMETERS
Inflation Process
MESH BOUNCE STRENGTH: 100 INFLATION : 0.9 SPRING STRENGTH: 100 LOAD :-0.132 Frame 01
Frame 02
Frame 03
| AIR CUSHION | A string of inflatable cushions are modelled separately with Polythene membrane. They were connected together to form a continuous air flow. Each of the cushion contains one ‘cell’. The inflation process is also digitally modelled to understand how tension on unit Z stretches the system in unit +/- Z directions; allowing the cushions to be fuller.
Frame 04
Frame 05
1 CUSHION
2 CUSHIONS
made up of 2 membranes;containing 4 cells(space)
made up of 4 membranes; containing 5 cells in between the cushions
MIRRORED
1 3
2
2 1
4
Through(Low Points) Crest(High Points) Cell(space)
| INFLATABLE CELLS | This shows how to achieve multiple connected cells without modeling individual cushions. To attain one of the undulating membranes of a cushion; imagine the gesture of draping a membrane over the Hex grid sphere lattice. Throughs and crests are present.
3
5
4
The diagrams show the frames of the inflatable cushions. There are altogether 13 connected cells in this method of construction.
1
2 3
4
5
The frames of the inflatable cushions with annotated cells.
| INFLATABLE CELLS | The frames of the cushion is physically modelled with polythene strips to understand how the cells interconnected.
Inflation Process
Frame 01
Frame 02
Frame 03
The cushion is reinforced at its nodes. Solid discs are used to clamp the membranes together; some are replaced with rings to allow air flow.
Because of the sealed sides, the pillow tend to bulge in the middle and so the labyrinth inside slopes down radially towards the edges. Also, the anchor points are round, making the cushion feels like a large connected space instead of individual cells. Several improvements could be made interms of
| INFLATABLE CELLS | The system is remodelled as inflatables with polythene sheets. Model size: 500mm x 500mm x 200 mm. Inflation pressure: 4200PA
Frame 04
Frame 05
Frame and Surfaces Unfold
One Space: Half of a Hypar Mirrored
| INFLATABLE CELLS |
One Module = Half of a Hypar
Rectangular sheets to avoid curve seams of the double curve surface
01
System: Fabrication B
COLLAPSIBLE CULLED - GEODESIC
Collapsible geodesic structure made up of hard pieces connected by bespoke polypropylene joints
//1 Initial: Icosahedron
//2 WbLoop Subdivision
//3 WbLoop Subdivision
level 1
level 2
//4 Understanding the ‘construction sequence’ of Icosahedron and WbLoop subdivision; and culling the pattern.
//5 Deformed Sphere after simulation
//8 [Evaluate Surfaces]/ Construct [Plane 3Pt]
| DIGITAL PROCESS | Geodesic is preferred as distribution of points are more even throughout the spheres. Thus, physics simulation result are more reliable. In order to achieve the moldability whilst using plywood/hard materials, faces are culled, often alternatively.
//6 WbLoop Subdivision level 1
//7 WbLoop Subdivision level 2 (4 times the amount of surfaces of level 1)
//8 [Line] normal to subsurfaces for [extrusion]
//8 [Fillet] to get rounded vertices for triangle panels
THREE-WAY JOINTS
TWO-WAY JOINTS CONNECTING TWO PIECES
TAKEN AWAY ONE FOR MORE TWISTING MOTION
STACKED TWOWAY JOINTS CONNECTING FOUR PIECES
| JOINT & MOVEMENT | THE ABILITY TO TWIST ALLOWS IT TO MORPH. THESE ARE SOME OF THE JOINTS
Layering of joints for rigidity
Layering01 Top Flxing of joint
Layering02 Top and bottom
| JOINTS & MOVEMENT | Flexible material - Polypropylene is used for the joint to allow more movement in other axis.
| PHYSICAL MODEL |
02 Entreprend: Business Pop -Up SPITALFIELD MARKET, BRICKLANE MARKET, LONDON
Making use of existing pop-up culture and visitors flow, the proposed business pop-ups will be located at existing daily/weekly markets at East London.
To fund the project, the system is developed into products and will be sold on kickstarter prior to construction. The pop up will then be selling its own products as well.
REWARD
BURNING MAN Budget:
ENTREPREND
- Digital Postcard - Engraving - Cocktail Invitation
LETTER OF INTENT SUBMISSION
CROWD FUNDING
- Kickstarter - Indiegogo - Crowdfunder - GoFundMe
HACKNEY COURTYARD Budget:
MERCHANDISE
- Toy - Bag - Angular Bean bag - Flexi Flower Pot CONSTRUCTION
MERCHANDISE PROTOTYPE POP-UP PROTOTYPE
BUSINESS POP-UP Budget:
RESOURCING VENUE
MARKETING
- Facebook - Twitter - Dezeen - Youtube - Wordpress - Local Community
FUND
ENTERPREUNEURIAL FUNDS
- Submitting Stall Enquiry: Sunday Up Market Backyard Market Bricklane Market TIMELINE
| ENTREPREND | BUSINESS MODEL TIME LINE AND FLOW
Nov 2015
Jan 2016
Feb 2016
Summer 2016
03
02
01
SPITALFIELD, LONDON Beauty
Food
Fashion
Interior
| BUSINESS POP-UP | Making use of existing pop-up culture and visitors flow, the proposed business pop-ups will be located at existing daily/weekly markets at East London. 01 02 03
Spitalfield Market Bricklane Market Backyard Market
Services
Fashion Vintage
Food
THE MARKET Daily Goods Toys
Daily Goods
Flea Market( Second hand) TARGET GROUP Who are the visitors? Why do they visit the place?
COMPETITION - DESIGNER PRODUCTS The existing community of dealers are mainly start-ups, a handful are fresh graduates from designs industry.
World Food Vibes
Vintage Collection
ATTRACTION POINTS Variety of People Goods Designer Products
Designer Products
Local Communi- Other parts of ty(Shoreditch/ London Brick Lane) FROM? Foreign Walking Tour
| RESEARCH | Business Strategy: Research and thinking is done based on the existing market. From there, I identify what are the ‘holes’ that I could take for granted, and tailor my USP/marketing strategy to increase my opportunities.
| PRODUCTS/REWARDS | PRODUCT01: Hand Bag Customisable in terms of external cladding colour and fabric colour.
POP-UP STALL Standing out as an attraction point to increase visitor flow.Its form self addressed the merchandise sold. VALUE ADDING TO COMMUNITY
PROVIDE.INTERACT
The Tessellated Bean bag would provide opportunity for people to stay/play with. ATTRACT.MARKET.
USP
The soft facade would rouse visitors curiosity and up their interests.
The pop-up stall could add value to the unique vibe to the shoreditch area.
EXPAND
The pod could be multiplied in the other popup markets in London or even wider context. Same as the business.
MERCHANDISE
PROTOTYPE. LIMITED ADDITION
It is derived and developed as a unique system
INVOLVE
PURPOSE
CUSTOMISE
Products do not just look good, it involves participation. Users could play with.
For some people, purposeful products are preferred. It satisfies
Products are customisable, providing them to engrave their names via lasercutting and also choosing their own combinations of colours for the bags.
| USP | An in-depth group research has been done on getting funding. The findings have been collated into a booklet.From the study, we knew that the unique selling point or USP is important to determine the success of funding.
| CONSTRUCTION DETAIL | Mock-up of construction detail
0.8 mm Polypropylene
01
02
| CONSTRUCTION DETAIL | Detail Section showing display elements and joints between different materials.
01
Extruded Display Window
02
Display Shell Projecting inwards
12mm Plywood
Secondary Structure 12mm Plywood + Polypropylene Extruded display windows and Internal Shelving
Access
Main Structure 12mm Plywood
Soft Facade 12mm Plywood DIsplay shelving and cupboards 12mm Plywood + Polypropylene
Soft Facade Some subsurfaces are culled 12mm Plywood
| CONSTRUCTION | The pod is made up of - rigid plywood main frame - rigid surfaces(Front and Back) - soft surfaces
02 Entreprend: Plug-in Pod 30 HACKNEY ROAD, LONDON
Situated in the Maker Mile; East London Making and Art Quarter, the business pod wish to contribute to the community by proposing a garden facility.
| HACKNEY | The MAKER MILE is one square mile of open workshops, artist and design studios, fabricators, galleries, shops and businesses, centering along Mare street between Bethnal Green and London Fields stations The site proposed for the second proposal of Entreprend is the hackney courtyard at 30 Hackney Road, London. It is where the FabPub currently resides.
Inspired by Terreform one’s Plug-in Ecology Urban Farm, I propose similar use for the business pod. Rubber could be used for covering of the pod to have a more permanent presence.
| HACKNEY | Pod for business with community Plug-in Community Garden.
02 Entreprend: Burning Man NEVADA, USA The event is described as an experiment in community and art, influenced by 10 main principles, including “radical� inclusion, self-reliance and self-expression, as well as community cooperation, gifting and decommodification, and leaving no trace.
The project has been submitted for grant in the form of Letter of Intent(Loi).
| BURNING MAN | Burning Man Begins last Monday of August Ends first Monday in September Frequency Yearly Location(s) Black Rock Desert, Pershing County, Nevada, United States The event is described as an experiment in community and art, influenced by 10 main principles, including “radical� inclusion, self-reliance and self-expression, as well as community cooperation, gifting and decommodification, and leaving no trace.
| BURNING MAN - PYLLOWMID | Pyllowmid aspires to unleash visitors’ inner playful self and imagination through pla; based on the belief of participatory effort.
02 Entreprend: Pneu + Pod
Business Pod proposal as a crowdfund proposal. The form is created under digital inflation simulation with Kangaroo 2.0.
{ INFLATION PROCESS } inflation simulations given constraints and conditions in kangaroo 2.0
{ JOINT DETAIL }
{ LEVEL 01 } structural elements
{ LEVEL 02 } Seating conditions
| PNEU + POD | INTEGRATED LOUNGE POD FORMED BY DIGITAL INFLATIONS SIMULATION
INFLATION PROCESS
MESH SUBDIVISION
Weaverbird’s Loop Subdivision Level 01
Weaverbird’s Loop Subdivision Level 02 Dented Exterior as seatings
| DIGITAL INFLATION PROCESS | Using inflation simulation as a design process to develop a multi-function pods. - Set up constraints and requirement such as furnitures, seats, boundary or adjacent conditions. - Inflate a geodesic dome around these set-up. - Subdividing the geodesic mesh at different frequency. The higher the frequency the smoother/rounder the form. - Make these mesh faces into straight panels to be fabricated.
| PHYSICAL CONSTRUCTION | Triangle Sheet Metal Joints have been developed to provide quick and economical fabrication. Pin connections are locked to ensure the pavilion freezing of form of the pavilion.
| INTEGRATED FORM & FUNCTION | Sectional Perspective showing the integrated form and function. The structural envelope creates contour for seating and table.
02 Entreprend: Pneu + Surface BURO HAPPOLD, LONDON [ SHORTLISTED ] A design proposal for an installation at the Engineering firm, Buro Happold in London. Pneu + Surface is a soft wavy facade formed by inflation process. It is designed to form intricate shadow effects when spotlighted. The project has been shortlisted for construction.
INFLATION PROCESS
INFLATION RESULT
| INFLATION PROCESS | Inflation Process for Customised Form Finding Pneu + Surface is actually part of an inflated sphere. A sphere is inflated or morphed around the beam and the pillar under digital simulation. Part of the surface is then strategically taken as the final form. (Process illustrated on the top row). This inflation methodology allows unique customisation of form that responds directly to the idiosyncrasy of its contexts; in this case-Buro Happold’s office. Zhini Poh
DS10
| INITIAL DESIGN | The formation of beehives is a translated example of the different orders of ‘pneu’ on a larger scale.
| BURO HAPPOLD | Pneu + Surface is a soft wavy facade that is made up of rigid ply triangle pieces connected with bespoke polypropylene joints. The piece aspires to mimic a ‘landscape’ that climbs from the wall to part of the ceiling. The dynamic contour wraps around the wall and and the beam; softening the harshness of the work space. It would form intricate shadows when shone on with incandescent tracklighting, enhancing the work experience during evenings.
| SHADOW & PHYSICAL MODEL TESTING | The layering of the shadows and porous surface would seemingly be doubled up; providing depth and complexity to the single skinned surface.
Ply Backing Board
Column 04
Column 03
Column 02
Column 01
Nodes: M2 X 12mm Pozi Pan Head Screws connecting installation to MDF Board
M2 Countersunk Machine Screws connecting to Ply Backing Board To wall
Elevation Scale 1:2
| CONSTRUCTION | The joint system works similarly to the previous brief 01 explorations, but more discreet. The construction can be built in four columns.
Materials 1 2 3 4 5
Sourcing
Dimensions/Specificat Unit Cost(inc. VAT) Unit
http://modelshop.co.uk/Sho4mm x 608 x 1216 Plywood Polypropelene frosted s http://modelshop.co.uk/Sho0.5mm x 800 x 600 Nuts and Bolts http://www.clerkenwellscrem2 8mm Track lighting(Incandescent) Fixings(Longer bolts)
£9.95 £4.20 £0.045
Laser Cutting
£30/hour
FabPub, Hackney
100watts, 10mm/s
Total Cost 5 £49.75 1 £4.20 2000 £90.00
9.64 hours ~ 10 hours
£289.22 ~ £300
TOTAL Contingency(10%)
£443.95 £488.35 ~ £500 + VAT
694 panels
Column 01:
Further Remarks Test cutting at uuni ply:730x400
180 panels
8pieces for uni for whole piece(estimated) 4pieces for02: 1200*900 Column 167bed panels
Column 03: per gr 3way joint = 3 23nodes*6=138 2way joint 90*9 = 10(periphery) =820
694 pieces of triangles
167 panels
210 total 3 way joint:210
1 2 3 4 5
3 way joints 70groups
£9.95 £4.20 £0.045
Laser Cutting
£30/hour
FabPub, Hackney
630+1916 2546
70*3=210 pieces
Dimensions/Specificat Unit Cost(inc. VAT) Unit
http://modelshop.co.uk/Sho4mm x 608 x 1216 Plywood Polypropelene frosted s http://modelshop.co.uk/Sho0.5mm x 800 x 600 Nuts and Bolts http://www.clerkenwellscrem2 8mm Track lighting(Incandescent) Fixings(Longer bolts)
| COMPONENTS AND COSTING | Number of triangle components: 694 panels Material: 4mm Plywood 608 x 1216 mm
Sourcing
nuts
180 panels
total 2 way joint:958
Number of components 2way joints at sides (42*2+8)*3*3=828 2way joints at nodes 34nodes*6=204 2way joint Total 1032 pieces
Materials
Column 03:
100watts, 10mm/s
Total Cost 5 £49.75 1 £4.20 2000 £90.00
9.64 hours ~ 10 hours
£289.22 ~ £300
TOTAL Contingency(10%)
£443.95 £488.35 ~ £500 + VAT
694 panels Further Remarks Test cutting at uuni ply:730x400
8pieces for uni for whole piece(estimated) 4pieces for 1200*900 bed
694 pieces of triangles
per gr 3way joint = 3 23nodes*6=138 2way joint 90*9 = 10(periphery) =820
210 total 3 way joint:210 total 2 way joint:958
nuts
630+1916 2546
03 | Acrylic - Weave
| SHORT LIST MEETING UPDATE |
04 | Acrylic - DynamicA
05 | Acrylic - DynamicB
03 HOUSING
Develop your research into a housing proposal for the future with an emphasis on current issues and opportunities such as the refugee crisis, the opensource and maker movement, material science and breakthroughs. How will the human parameters inform or conflict constructively with your systems?
float
INFLATION DESIGN IN FAVELA, RIO
| PNEU + FLOAT | DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
‘FLUID’ HOUSE
PNEU + FLOAT
PHYSICAL MODEL Self-Organising Pre-stressed Shell Structure: A structural(or partially structural) syste m that would react physically to different point loads while acted upon. Images showing additional weight applied from the top of a bi-axial prestressed model.
SIMULATION ON KANGAROO 2 Simulating the soft/flexible shell property in Physics software, Kangaroo. The simulations are done with bi-axial single curve strips and a catenary double curve.
| SELF-ORGANISING BEHAVIOR | SHELL FABRICATION & DIGITAL SIMULATION
PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE CANOPY BY ALVARO SIZA x
3x
Distance between Block is varied
The catenary arc of steel cables draped between the porticoes which were subsequently infilled with prestressed concrete. Using the same technology as a suspension bridge, it is designed as a stressed-ribbon structure, wherein the loose cables are stiffened with concrete to eliminate sway and bounce. In addition to giving the canopy an elegant, clean texture, the painted concrete weighs the roof down to prevent strong drafts from moving or lifting it from below.
Tension Compression
Alvaro Siza’s system
Developed system
PARAMETER: DISTANCE TWEEN BLOCKS
BE-
COMPARISON OF PRE-STRESSED
FORCE DIAGRAM
SYSTEMS
| PRE-STRESSED COMPONENT | MODEL EXPLORATIONS: PRE-STRESSED COMPONENT SHELL FABRICATION & PRECEDENT
Additional weight applied from the top
neutral position
The jointing of two pieces of fabric could cause weak points; whereby the structure would collapse when these points are at the sides(wall).
Lift Force
Weight applied changes the overall form of the structure. Tension Compression
The model under self-load tends to be an ellipse which elongated horizontally. The roof of the system would have to be lifted up to provide inhabitable space.
A tension cable is needed to create the lift force in the middle of the loop. The touching point of the wall and the ground needs to be fixed as well, to prevent the system from sliding outwards. The structure hence need both - Tension applied inwards - Compression at the bottom corner - Right angled joints to be rethought - Bigger pieces of wood planks/bricks with a few plies/ heftier membranes.
01
NUMBER OF BLOCKS: 18
02
Wooden blocks with the same dimension have been used in the two model tests.
| MODEL EXPLORATION | UNI - AXIAL LOOP
NUMBER OF BLOCKS: 46
NO BENDING
BENDING GREATLY
A BILITY TO FORM DOUBLE CURVE
VARYING DEGREE OF BENDING
| MODEL EXPLORATION | BI - AXIAL PLANE
MASSING 01
MASSING 02
MASSING 03
MASSING 04
South facing exterior courtyard. West facing Kitchen. East facing bedrooms.
North facing study/living space. West facing Kitchen. East facing bedrooms.
South facing exterior courtyard. West facing Kitchen. East facing bedrooms.
North facing study/living space. West facing Kitchen. East facing bedrooms.
Adjacency Diagram
Plan Diagram
3D Massing
Perspective
| MASSING |
ONE-Bed GIA: m2 Specs: 1 Livingroom 1 Study room 1 Kirthen 1 Double bedroom 1 Bathroom
TWO-Bed TWO-bed GIA: m2 Additional to ONE-Bed: 1 Single(or Double) bedroom
THREE-Bed GIA: m2 Additional to TWO-Bed: 1 Single(or Double) bedroom 1 Living/Study 1 Bathroom * Area requirement referred to London Housing Design Guide
| HOUSE DIAGRAM |
| INITIAL PROPOSAL | PERSPECTIVE OF INITIAL PROPOSAL
Flexible Elements Semi-dome shape enabled the structure to be self-supported. Hence able to withstand external load.
Fixed element Non-Accessible Rooftop, the ribbon structure are supported secondarily by structural frames/ glazing.
External Seating wrapped by prestressed components
Internal Furniture and floor looped by pre-stressed components.
Not all envelops exhibit self-organising behavior. Only the bed rooms and Lounge have the property. This is because ribbon loops have to be glazed to be inhabitable. When the elevation of the loops are closed off; they would lose its potential to morph.
| PRE-STRESSED | PNEU RIBBON + PACK SHELL | SYSTEM | SYSTEM: MORPHOLOGY OF BULKED AGGREGATES IN NATURE
MAKOKO, LAGOS
URBANISATION (B) shows World population growth trend by country - 2008-2050.
Makoko, Lagos : a slum in full view, spread out beneath the most travelled bridge in west Africa’s largest city. There are around 16million population currently/ 30% lagos covered by water. Cities of Lagos around the water.
This map shows the NEW ADDITIONS to the EXISTING human population from 2008 to 2050. It shows that the highest growth rates are in Africa (mega-famine and wildlife destruction) and the Middle East (BOOM!).
Makoko is a community on water, for nearly 100 years it has thrived on the fishing and sawing industries - providing over a third of lagos’ fish supply and most of its timber.
There is economic growth along the periphery of African cities. (C) Urbanisation and Climate Change often comes with urbanisation. Lagos is one of the Top 10 African Water Cities.
# 1 Zimbabwe: 4.31 % # 2 Niger: 3.643 % # 3 Uganda: 3.576 %
https://ng.boell.org/sites/default/files/uploads/2014/06/introduction.pdf
(A)
(B)
Rank Countries Annual percentage
(C)
| MAKOKO, LAGOS IN NIGERIA | PROPOSAL CONTEXT & POPULATION GROWTH
DESIGN PROPOSAL
| SITE PLAN | MAKOKO, LAGOS
CLIMATE CHANGE
BUILDING TYPOLOGY
The impact of climate change includes increase rainfall and flooding. A Large Area of the African Continent is within high and Extreme High Risk Zones, including Makoko, which is under High Risk Zones.
The typical house is usually constructed on stilts, which are fixed to he waterbed deep under the sea. However this does not provide resilience to flooding as the house level is always fixed. Building on float would allow the house to rise when sea water increases, prevent flooding. Plastic inflatable material would also serve a longer lifespan than timber.
| CLIMATE CHANGE & BUILDING TYPOLOGY | INCREASE RAINFALL AND FLOODING
flood now
float now
Sanitation waste as Fertiliser
| FLOAT FOR CLIMATE CHANGE | THE EXISTING BUILDING HOUSE ON STILTS AND THE FLOOD RESISTANT FLOAT TECHNOLOGY
SPARCITY & CLOSE LOOP
PLASTIC RECYCLING The design proposal is inspired by the existing local initiative that does plastic recycling. Synthetic waste like plastic is collected and recycled into new products or sold for reuse, for example to companies like Coca-Cola; introducing a new local waste economy. The building material is built by plastic, to form inflatable and the fabric cladding.
In Makoko, a poor part of the Nigerian city Lagos, Fabulous Urban is developing a strategy for the transformation of the area’s massive waste problem into a new economic engine, in collaboration with local partners, including the local university and a human rights organization. Organic waste and human excreta are no longer discharged into the lagoon, but processed into biogas for charging batteries that can provide a household with two full days’ worth of electricity. The byproduct, manure, can be used in the cultivation of tomatoes and peppers. The production of biogas is technologically straightforward: the waste goes into rubber sacks, which are then placed in the blazing sun. S
| PLASTIC RECYCLING | SALVAGING PLASTIC TO IMPROVE LOCAL WASTE CONDITION FOR RAW MATERIAL OF HOUSE
SALVAGING PLASTIC WASTE
PLASTIC RECYCLING
PLASTIC EXTRUSION
02 WEAVING OF FABRIC WITH CUSHIONS
RAW MATERIAL 02: COMPOSITE FABRIC RE-ADAPTED TRADITIONAL WEAVING CULTURE
01 INFLATABLE CUSHIONS IN FLAT SHEET
WEAVING OF FABRIC WITH CUSHIONS
RAW MATERIAL 01: INFLATABLE
INFLATE
INFLATABLE FOR BUILDING
WEAVE EXPLODED DIAGRAM
| THE ‘HOUSE’ FACTORY | DIAGRAM SHOWING PROCESS OF SALVAGING PLASTIC, FABRICATION OF INFLATABLE & COMPOSITE FABRIC, WEAVING AND INFLATION.
PATTERN In Nigeria, textile manufacturing is a key local industry, supported by a chain of suppliers such as cotton growers and natural dye makers. Across the south, bright colours and patterns are popular. These are created using various techniques which keep some of the cloth from being dyed, so that the pattern appears in white or a lighter shade. (Pattern-dyed cloth is known as ‘adire’.) So for example, small stones or seeds can be tied into the cloth to create small patches which aren’t dyed. Or cloth can be tie-dyed by pinching up sections of the material with raffia or thread. Resistant substances such as cassava starch or wax can be added to the cloth; these ‘resist’ any colour when dyes are applied. Sometimes metal stencils are used when dye is applied by hand. http://www.our-africa.org/nigeria/textiles
YORUBA CULTURE
WEAVING TECHNOLOGY & MACHINE
Yoruba area large ethnicgroup in Nigeria for whom textileproduction has been a significantpart of their artistic and culturalheritage. The Yoruba use nativesilk that they call sányán.
Majority (89%) of the respondents reported product innovations while 8% and 3% have carried out process and organizational innovations respectively. The males (74%) weave on the horizontal loom while female respondents (26%) weave on the vertical loom. Most (96%) of the firms used the manual production process while a few (4%) have introduced some process improvements. Also, 58% of the respondents lack technical skills, technical education (87%) and investment funds (59%). The study concluded that lack of technical education and skills as well as adequate capital could limit the capability of respondents to adopt modern weaving techniques and innovate.
Throughout colonial and post-colonial history, both Nigerians and others investigated methods fordomesticating wild silk production.We set the story of repeated wildsilk exploration and cultivationexperiments in the context ofYoruba history, because the Yorubacontinued to adapt their weavingtraditions to incorporate newtrends, ideas and materials. Types of Fibres or Yarns Men and women both act as weavers and dyers. Weaving is done on different types of looms. Weavers create hundreds of different patterns on their looms. Wild silk and cotton are used to make cloth. Indigo, a native plant, is often used as a dye to color threads.
| WEAVING | LOCAL ECONOMIC & CULTURAL RESILIENCE
http://www.mungo.co.za/our-mill/
| NEW & OLD | CLASHES OF YORUBA CULTURE WITH NEW TECHNOLOGY TO FORM COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND NEW METHOD OF BUILDING
{
EXTERNAL
{ BED }
FURNITURES } { BED }
{ BED }
{ LOUNGE }
{ KITCHEN }
{ LOUNGE } { BATHROOM }
{ BATHROOM }
| HOUSE PLAN | ORGANISATION OF A HOUSE
{ BED }
{ LOUNGE }
{ BATHROOM } { BED }
{ KITCHEN }
{ BATHROOM } {
EXTERNAL
FURNITURES }
{ LOUNGE }
| THE OCCUPATION | AXONOMETRY SHOWING HOW OCCUPANTS USE THE SPACE AND STRUCTURE
cross ventilation The prevailing wind comes from South West. The thinner profiles are facing into the path of prevailing winds; for effective cross ventilate. Although some of the bedrooms have single opening, the doors are located facing the direction of prevailing wind, so that some ventilation can occur; to prevent stagnant air in all parts of the building.
Wind ventilation is aimed to be achieved for passive cooling and ventilation. Wind rose analysis is done on Ladybug(grasshopper) with the information from weather data website energy.net. The building is orientated by considering ventilation to get adequate fresh air for the ventilated spaces, while having little or no energy use for active HVAC cooling and ventilation.
| SITE ANALYSIS | WIND ROSE DIAGRAM AND CONSIDERATION OF WIND FOR INFLATABLE STRUCTURE.
operable windows positioning and building orientation
THERMAL(HEATING & COOLING) Incoming solar radiation (insolation) seems to be rather low. Concrete floor to provide Thermal mass; maintain the thermal comfort of the occupants. Ventilation helps with night purging at night.
The daily sunpath
Annual Sunpath Diagram
The daily sunpath diagram shows that there might be little east sunlight reaching the three bedrooms(at the north of the massing)(A). It might be more ideal to rotate the house so that the bedrooms face the east(B).
There might be overheating occuring at the South(Living program). To avoid that from happening, there might be external shading or overhand to avoid direct sunlight especially during summer.
| SITE ANALYSIS | THERMAL COMFORT, SUNPATH ANALYSIS AND SOLAR RADIATION
The following sunpath diagrams are done on three dates: June(Summer Solstice) , September (Equinox) and December (Winter Solstice).
| BEDROOM - LOUNGE - BATHROOM | SECTION SCALE 1:200
| LOUNGE | SECTION SCALE 1:100
(A)
| EXTERIOR FURNITURE - LOUNGE | SECTION SCALE 1:200
STRUCTURAL ENVELOPE Composite plastic fabric weaved with inflatables. (1)
INTERIOR/ SECONDARY Furniture and interior walls are made up of the same prestressed shell structure.
(1) Single ply ETFE, supported by steel pipe structure.
Furniture: Bed/Table/Chair
(2) Thickness: 30mm x 1.5m x roll Dimension of strips: 50mm
Interior Wall: Toilet Furniture: Table/Chair
(2) (3)
(3)
GLAZING Rolled plastic Zip Glazing.
(5)
STRUCTURAL FOOTINGS Anchors that hold the inflat-
(4)
Dimension: for double curved surface: 150mm x 150mm x 150mm For single curved surface : 150mm x 180mm x 2600mm
(4) SHADING AND STEEL CABLE (5) ROLLED PLASTIC ZIP WINDOWS
FLOAT BASE
| CONSTRUCTION | EXPLODED AXONOMETRY SHOWING CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS
{ FORM TYPE 01 }
semi - ‘dome’ bi-axial weaving of the fabric shell component to create semi-dome, which form the bedrooms.
{ UNFOLDED }
( Process ) { UNFOLDED }
| UNFOLD OF FORM | FOR EASE OF DEPLOYMENT THE GEOMETRY COULD BE UNFOLDED OR VICE VERSA
Flipp
( Process )
ed
{ FORM TYPE 02 }
single curve + double curve connectors uni-axial weaving for simple curve and bi-axial weaving for double curve surfaces.
{ FORM TYPE 01 }
semi - ‘dome’
unfolded with ‘squish’ tool on rhino
{ FORM TYPE 02 }
single curve + double curve connectors
unfolded with ‘squish’ tool on rhino
| UNFOLDED PHYSICAL MODEL | PHYSICAL MODEL TO TEST UNFOLDING/FOLDING, STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY AND PRE-STRESSED SHELL STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLE
Type of loads applied: - Uniform Gravitational load Red shows the area which undergoes most moment force/stress. these parts need to be stronger to withstand compression force from self-load and other external loads.
The bi-axial model shows that the wall and floor junction which has an acute/right angle has the most strain and the fabric is proned to tear off.
KARAMBA SIMULATION
STRESS BREAKING POINT
| STRUCTURE | STRESS BREAKING POINT & KARAMBA SIMULATION
Plastic Sheet metal, inforced by perpendicular triangles. Made by recycled plastic. Structural support attached to rigid plastic platforms that works together with the float base. Services would go through this platforms too. Float Base
Anchor Prototype
Folded Metal Sheet Steel for efficiency in fabrication MODEL EXPLORATION ON ANCHORS
| JOINT DETAIL | PHYSICAL MODEL EXPLORATION ON ANCHORS OF THE RIBBON
Float Base
| INTERIOR RENDER |
{ SELF-BUILD } Self-building which is non labour intensive.
{ PLASTIC EXTRUSION } Manufacture of Inflatables & composite material for fabric
| PNEU + FLOAT | REIMAGINING FLOATING INFLATABLE HOUSING FOR MAKOKO, LAGOS.
{ SALVAGING PLASTIC }
{ TRADITIONAL WEAVING }
Salvaging to improve existing condition in Makoko.
Readaptation of traditional weaving by using the composite material for local economic sustainability.
{ ENVELOPPING OF VOLUMES } Volumes of spaces are created by enveloping of the inflatable shell. Different curvature create volumes for different functions and experience.
{ INTEGRATED FURNITURES } The shell structure forms both interior and exterior elements.
| PNEU + FLOAT |
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