Application Portfolio for UCL Urban Design March

ZHU TUHAO

E-mail: zhutuhao1999@163.com

Tel: +86 17356581856

EDUCATION

Anhui Jianzhu University

Degree: Bachelor of Architecture

TUNGHAI University

Exchange Student in Architecture Department

WORKING EXPERIENCES

MUHHE Studio, ADINJU

Junior Architect: Helped with SD and DD by Revit for East gallery

Anhui Horizon Architectural Design Office

01

Light Box

Middle School Campus Renovation

02 03

Houses with Horses

Super Block with Human and Horses

Flooding Wharf

Design Institute of Anhui Linhai Gardening Co.

Intern Urban Designer: Helped with massing typology and master plan design

Anhui Jianzhu University 'Environmental Behavior and Cognition Lab'

Associate Researcher: Helped with EEG and the Eye-Movement experiment

PROFESSIONAL COMPETITIONS

International College Students Architectural Design Competition

Intern Architect: Helped with SD and DD for Feixi Hospital project Student Group - Third Prize

SEU Chinese Contest of Rookies Award for Architecture Student

Honor Award - TOP 100

Environmental Design Competition Landscape Design Group in Anhui Province

First Prize in Landscape Design Group & Second Prize in Architecture Design Group

International Student Competition On Architectural Design And Digital Modeling

The Honorable Mention in Architectural Design

HONORS

National Scholarship

Excellent undergraduate graduates in Anhui Province

First Prize, Anhui Jianzhu University School Scholarship

First Prize, School of Architecture and Urban Planning Scholarship

Second Prize, Anhui Province Mathematical Modeling Three Schools League

Express Station Under Umbrellas

University Express Workstation

East Gallery

MUHHE Studio - Architecture and Interior Design

Other Work

Yuhuatai District Sports Center

Concrete Skin Experiments

Light - Weight

Folds & Ripple

TunghaiUniversity2019FallExchangeStudio-ArchitectureDesign

01 Light Box Middle School Campus Renovation

TunghaiUniversity2019FallExchangeStudio-ArchitectureDesign

Instructor:JiapingLin

Individual Work

Site:Keelung,Taiwan.

Area:18000 m

In recent years, discussions on various new educational concepts and policies have prompted us to think, what is the future school planning? What is the new learning space? How the emergence of various new technologies affects the way people interact in space. Through the research on the urban form of Keelung, three kinds of architectural survival modes with mixed functions are found. Likewise, on a hilly campus, would such policies and features help the campus open up further?

In the design, the campus is envisaged as a public space in the city, including the gymnasium, pedestrian system and the open introduction of teaching buildings on the ground floor, making the campus a part of the public realm along the street. In the design of the structure, in addition to the facade renovation, on the one hand, a shared area that integrates with the community's religious beliefs is placed, and on the other hand, the combination of new and old buildings is considered, creating a hazy visual interaction during movement and walking.

[MADE IN KEELUNG]

[FROM PROGRAMS TO THE PLAN]

(1)

Road = Catching Doll House + Novel Comic Rental House + Residential House

Due to the lack of available land in Keelung City, most of the commercial housing along the street will not be limited to a single function. The composition of these functions is based on practical needs, without considering the connectivity of the internal use, and only connected by the structure. In order to express their own characteristics, even the use of absurd and exaggerated symbolic vocabulary is highlighted.

-Huge symbolic vocabulary: gripper, very symbolic.

-Place picnic tables under the arcade, so that the store can be directly exposed.

-The bulge with vertical lines and curved lines at the same time in the facade.

-The function of renting novels and comics on the second floor is similar to the cartoon image of the doll house.

Due to the lack of available land in Keelung City, most of the commercial housing along the street will not be limited to a single function. The composition of these functions is based on practical needs, without considering the connectivity of the internal use, and only connected by the structure. In order to express their own characteristics, even the use of absurd and exaggerated symbolic vocabulary is highlighted.

(1)Traffic Pattern

(2)Human Action Line Form

The mountainous terrain of Keelung City has added great difficulties to traffic construction the best solution is to build bridges. The demand for the use of space under the bridge also came into being. With the renewal of the viaduct construction, a variety of piers born in different periods have been produced at the bottom. When these piers are regarded as a divisional purpose, they often bring a lot of spatial fun.

-Located at the traffic convergence point of Guangyi Road and Shiqiu Road.

-Different types of bridge piers are generated due to different traffic construction periods and conditions.

-According to the type of bridge pier, the space of different areas is divided for different groups of people to have different activities.

-With the help of flexible boundaries such as surrounding campuses, parking, pedestrians and vehicles are juxtaposed to increase the possibility of vision penetration for the elevated gray space.

Retrofit Part

Preserved Buildings

Core Design Area

(3)Existing Land and Outdoor Space

(4)Future Land and Outdoor Space

In order to find a place where public activities can take place temporarily, due to the pressure of construction land, they will choose to parasitize next to the existing environment or facilities. It seems that all temporary activities are considered for temporary activities.

-At the same time parasitic under the viaduct and beside the hillside.

-Near the end of Highway 1 in downtown Keelung.

-To undertake various temporary activities under the roof of the temporary building.

-Located at the end of Shiqiu Road, but also the entrance to the community on the hillside.

[FROM FUNCTION TO REARRANGEMENT]

School planning? What is the new learning space? How the emergence of various new technologies affects the way people interact in space.On the other hand, as a public space in the city, the appeal and vision of the shared concept in the society have emerged with the society.

Current Status of Program Usage

Program Usage Assumption

Shops on the West Side of Xiding

(2) Shiqiu Ling Sports Park = Walking Trail + Fitness Equipment + Skateboard

(3) Lion Ball Lane Resident Activity Center = Resident Activity Center + Governor's Office

While the students are moving, they have more visual relationships with the students walking through the corridor. The relationship between seeing and being seen is derived from walking and activities.

Keep the ground floor overhead to continue the possibility of passing through the bottom, while reducing the volume and distinguishing the functions on both sides, so as to facilitate the follow-up needs of series in the campus.

How to connect the new gymnasium with the original teaching building? In addition to the waterproof structure setting at the connection, the fog glass curtain wall is used to divide the dynamic and static areas, so that the functions do not interfere with each other. At the same time, in order to echo the overhead at the bottom to the greatest extent, a corridor is added on the second floor, so that students have more visual relationships when walking or exercising

[4-8F STANDARD PLAN 1:500]

[1F PLAN 1:500]

[3F PLAN 1:500]

The collision between the mountain and urban development has promoted the birth of "parasitic architecture". The new building is parasitic on the old building, and it is realized through materials and skins that adapt to the climate. In order to amplify the vitality of the series in the campus, the largest part was selected, the bottom 1st and 2nd floors were opened, and more rest, running and activity classrooms were added. In the design of the structure, arched steel beams are used for reinforcement, and the use of shapes echoes the sacred scope of the church school, and elements connected with the campus culture are placed in the open space on the ground floor.

Various human behaviors occur in chaos and gaps, and only walking is widely accepted: so how to make use of this walking effect on campus?

In the design of the structure, on the one hand, a shared area that integrates with the community's religious beliefs is placed.

on the other hand, the combination of new and old buildings is considered, creating a hazy visual interaction during movement and walking.

TunghaiUniversity2019FallExchangeStudio-UrbanDesign

02 Houses with Horses Super Block with Human and Horses

TunghaiUniversity2019FallExchangeStudio-UrbanDesign

Instructor:WeipingLin

Individual Work Site:Taichung,Taiwan.

Area:112 ha

In Taichung, the Tunghai Racecourse built in 1990s still stands, forming a different relationship with surrounding environment.So the project starts from the desire of people and horses to live together, and takes the most vulnerable microclimate of both as the medium, trying to set up public space and agricultural planting around the activity space of the horse, so that people can have a series of associations with the horse while picking fruits, such as watching horses, training horses, touching horses, even feeding horses, and imagine a new community life mode.

Through various forms of planting, the fruits produced can be used as complementary foods for horses.On the other hand, fruits can also be provided to the Market, made into special snacks for sale, forming a circular production system.

House System Planting Horse Activity

[SITUATION ANALYSIS]

In Taichung, the land in the Tunghai Business District has been occupied by commercial and residential areas. However, the racecourse built in the last century, due to the local people's love for horse racing, still stands, forming an incompatible relationship with the surrounding environment. In the study of Taichung City, I found that the disappearance of public space and planting land has created a gap between man and nature, and even between man and animal. So how do we find a circular system in the city to satisfy the coexistence between man and horse, man and plant?

The streets of Donghai Night Market, the houses on both sides of the racecourse, and the only remaining urban greenery all tell current congestion of the city. Therefore, under the condition of respecting the urban texture and cultural attributes of the site, the original site was rebuilt, which also means that people and horses in the site will not be treated separately.

Through research, it is found that in the daily diet of horses, fruit can provide a lot of nutrition as one of the complementary foods. The tropical climate and soil conditions in TaiChung are very suitable for growing fruits. Therefore, through various forms of community planting and vertical agriculture, the fruits produced can be fed as supplementary food for horses on the one hand, and can be made into specialty snacks to provide to the Night Market on the other hand. At the same time, such a circular "production-sales" green model, as a tourism industry in itself, attracts more tourists, which also provides residents with more job opportunities.

Taichung's topography and climate characteristics provide natural conditions for planting and growth of fruit trees.

Horse racing is a popular activity, due to land restrictions and other factors, it often appears in empty corners of city.

The market gradually evolved into a mode of people s daily life, gathered in various forms of public space.

TYPOLOGICAL RESEARCH: BEHAVIOR-BASED MICROCLIMATE UNIT DESIGN

From the most susceptible microclimate of both humans and horses as the medium, the daily space of the two is generated on the basis of the common modulus, which can get more relationship.

ARIAL VIEW AND SECTION

From the details of the section, integrate living and public areas to create a community scene where people and horses live together, so that the factors such as green, planting, animals and people are fully combined, further strengthening the self-contained circulation system within the community, reducing Carbon emissions, to achieve the symbiosis of man and nature.

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:1000

The clear square living system is separated from the circular public area. While the racecourse is retained, the scope of the racecourse is expanded. Planting functions are all over it, both the part that grows in the residential building and the large-scale production area.At the same time, public space and agricultural planting are set up around the activity space of horses, so that people can have a series of associations with horses while picking fruits.

[A FIELD WHERE PEOPLE AND HORSES COEXIST]

A wider pastoral area brings more opportunities for people to contact with horses. From picking fruits to feeding, guide people and horses to have the most positive interaction.

All groups are combined from daily spaces such as kitchens, restaurants, and lounges.

The contact between people and horses is not just simply seeing, people can easily walk downstairs, step into the surrounding green space for horses to rest, then have physical contact between each other.

[A NEW SENSE OF COMMUNITY]

The brand-new community, from people to horses, from planting to public services, even forms a self-sufficient circular system that connects the surrounding neighborhoods.

The birth of new community brings more opportunities for planting fruits and public communication to outdoors, at the same time incorporates the fruit circulation system into the daily life of each resident.

The addition of corridors and courtyards, becoming the basis for the daily coexistence of residents and horses.

AnHuiJianZhuUniversity2021Studio-ArchitectureDesign

03 Flooding Wharf

Wharf Design Based on Flooding Season

AnHuiJianZhuUniversity2021Studio-ArchitectureDesign

Instructor:Wei Nie

Individual Work

Site:Guazhou,Jiangsu.

Area: 5500m2

Guazhou Town is located at the mouth of the Guazhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Due to the low-lying terrain, the surrounding land will be inundated by floods every year during the flood season. The people here have lived by fishing for generations, a large number of fishing boats gather here, and large ancient towns grow along the canal. However, the "Ten-year Fishing Ban on the Yangtze River" was promulgated, and fishermen changed their occupations, no longer engaged in fishing-related work, and moved ashore, leaving a large number of abandoned and historic fishing boats.

This project tries to keep the fishing boats on the original site to the greatest extent possible. It is hoped that the process and results of repairing the fishing boats can also be exhibited and utilized. Combined with the submerged state during the flood season, a new cruise ship wharf and exhibition hall will be built, which is in line with the opening of the tourism industry to the greatest extent need.

[HISTORICAL CONTEXT] [SITE EVOLUTION]

Analyzing from the perspective of culture, site, land use evolution, geographic conditions, hydrological environment, and future assumptions--the past, present and future of the site are interconnected.

Combined with the submerged state during the flood season, a new cruise ship wharf and exhibition hall will be built, which is in line with the opening of the tourism industry to the greatest extent need.

Non-Flooding Season:

[FUNCTION

CHANGE]

Flooding Season:

During the flood season, the functions of the terminal are suspended, and the underlying functions are affected

After 10-year Fishing Ban:

[ABSTRACT EVOLUTION OF ELEMENTS]

Ten years later, the functions have changed and become more perfect. The physical traces left by each historical period can evolve into the idea of space: columns, corridors, heights and functions, used by ships, people, and nature.

In the non-flood season, the internal functions of the building serve a variety of people.

[GENERATION OF SITE]

Through the evolution of the site, the flood discharge area is excavated from the rise of the flood water level, and the road is extended to the interior of the building to insert functions.

1.Water Level Changing 2.Dig out the Spill Area 3.Continue path to building 4.Insert Function

SYSTEM:

The concrete structure on ground floor and arch on the upper floor echo each other, and a series of sounds such as the sound of water waves and tourists, the sound of ship repair can generate reverberation inside, which is full of fun.

The combination of the frame structure and the cable structure satisfies the possibility of connecting the solid and virtual bodies in the vertical direction, increasing the span and area of the usable space.

FUNCTION:

The bottom structure extends on the horizontal plane in an arched shape, providing space for fishing boat maintenance and reducing the resistance of shore waves.

The second floor is the main passageway, where the water level is submerged at most during the flood season, and the enclosed courtyard can see the maintenance status of the fishing boats at the bottom. The fabric skin forms a space enclosure and carries functions such as corridors, exhibitions, and observation stations, and can be used in flood season or non-flood season.

Non-Flooding Season

During the non-flood season, due to the low water level, fishing boats can enter the first floor for maintenance, so that the maintenance of fishing boats becomes part of the exhibition, and visitors can understand the culture of fishermen to the greatest extent.

Flooding Season

During the flood season, when the water level rises and submerges the first floor, the maintenance of fishing boats and the operation of cruise ships are suspended. The functions above the second floor can continue to be used, and the building can still be opened to become part of the water landscape.

[PLAN

CHANGES WITH THE SEASONS]

1F Plan 1:500

3F Plan 1:500

2F Plan 1:500

This project tries to keep the fishing boats on the original site to the greatest extent possible. It is hoped that the process and results of repairing the fishing boats can also be exhibited and utilized.

[WATERFRONT

PERSPECTIVE]

Building resilience is both seasonal and functional, and has to do with how the building itself works. Every year during the flood season, the surrounding land will be inundated by floods, and ecological measures to resist floods can also become part of the landscape in the building.

AnHuiJianZhuUniversity2020Studio-ArchitectureDesign

04 Express Station Under Umbrellas University Express Workstation

AnHuiJianZhuUniversity2020Studio-ArchitectureDesign

Instructor:Nie Wei

Individual Work

Site:Hefei,AnHui.

Area: 12000 m2

In the post-epidemic era, people's demand for one-stop logistics offices is becoming more and more abundant, which expands the possibility of further development of the express logistics industry in colleges and universities. Generally speaking, the streamline of express delivery is always boring, cumbersome, and prescribed, but the functional division of its terminals can create more public activities with people. In the plan, it is hoped that the express delivery function will generate a mechanized area, while the public attribute area has a direct demand for pick-up and delivery. Therefore, the area is connected into a dynamic machine system according to the streamline of express delivery.

At the same time, most of the traditional campus blocks are boring and square, so I adopted the deduction method of origami, and according to the rules of sunshine, directivity and openness, I worked out an umbrella-shaped roof to meet the streamline of the underlying buildings, forming a complete campus express workstation.

Starting from the types of different use attributes such as the green space and buildings of the campus foundation, combined with the actual situation of various problems, the texture of the area is integrated into the consideration of the generation of the building volume.

OF

In the post-epidemic era, people's demand for one-stop logistics offices is becoming more and more abundant, which expands the possibility of further development of the express logistics industry in colleges and universities. Generally speaking, the streamline of express delivery is always boring, cumbersome, and prescribed, but the functional division of its terminals can create more public activities with people. In the plan, it is hoped that the express delivery function will generate a mechanized area, while the public attribute area has a direct demand for pick-up and delivery. Therefore, the area is connected into a dynamic machine system according to the streamline of express delivery.

[TIME PERIOD EVOLUTION]

Starting from the use of mobile apps, space is allocated according to the reasonable demands of different groups of people. At the same time, under the operation of the Internet of Things, intelligent control and decision-making are made.

In the era of "Internet of Everything", data collection and analysis from all parties is convenient and fast. The future education will be personalized education, and the future educational buildings will also be intelligent and personalized, which can promote the communication of various groups of people, and change according to the different needs of individuals to better serve people.

A university in Hefei, like most campuses in China, grows in the cracks of the city. The texture of the campus consists of large teaching buildings and a few green spaces. The library and "Teaching Building C" on the campus are the buildings with the most historical symbols. Also, the surrounding green space is planted with a large number of trees, which are not only the only way for students to travel with each other, but also become a stroll in their spare time place.

Therefore, in order to discuss the spatial status, determinants and construction methods of educational building space in the era of "Internet of Everything", it is more feasible and directional to study about the topic of "Internet of Everything + Architectural Space", and it can provide more reasonable prediction for the future educational building space design.

Building space form, structure, boundary, connotation, significance, determinants, and design strategies, affect the architectural space variable and interaction, and the resulting diversity and polysemy, fuzzy and blurry, mobile and migration, such as space state, on the basis of more can cause humanity to the space order and rethinking of individual differences.

How to solve the individualized and differentiated demand for educational space in the Streamline is not only in the abstract to concrete intentions, but also in the further integration of space and structure.The campus that came here does not only belong to the present, nor only to students and teachers, but is fully open to the society.Architecture is no longer a cold sculpture, but can communicate with people and change according to the different needs of individuals to better serve people.

It will be interesting to watch from different perspectives, enter from different directions, walk or stay. And this kind of interest will also spread to the interior of the building, integrating the growth of green plants into the growth cycle of the building, making the whole site more full of human and natural vitality.

[ORIGAMI AND ROOF GENERATION]

（1)FLAT (2)FOLDING (3)FUNCTION

[SPACE USAGE PATTERNS]

I adopted the deduction method of origami, and according to rules of sunshine, directivity and openness, I worked out an umbrella-shaped roof to meet streamline of underlying buildings, forming a complete campus express workstation.

By means of origami, the sunlight, directivity and openness of the roof are determined by the streamlines of the underlying building, while implying changes in the shape of the roof.

EXPRESS WORKSTATION

[AERIAL VIEW AND PERSPECTIVE]

Research on the form, structure, boundary, connotation, meaning, determinants and design strategies of architectural space in the changing environment of the "Internet of Everything" era. And the spatial states such as ambiguous, fuzzy and out-of-focus, movement and migration, and on this basis, lead to reconsideration of the humanized order and individual differences in space.

In the plan, it is hoped that the express delivery function will generate a mechanized area, while the public attribute area has a direct demand for pick-up and delivery.

[MECHANICAL CONNECTION DETAIL] [SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE]

How can architecture facilitate the fusion of function and efficiency? We need machines!!!

Generally speaking, the detail of express delivery is always boring, cumbersome, and prescribed, but the functional division of its terminals can create more public activities with people.

Top-transmission

Bottom-transmission

We need machines: connect areas into a dynamic machine system according to the streamlines of express delivery.

SECTION A-A'

From Sorting Area To Pickup Area

SECTION B-B'

From Pickup Area To Art Studio

SECTION C-C'

From Transshipment Area To Pickup Area

SECTION D-D'

From Driverless Car Stocking Area To Sorting Area

05 East Gallery

MUHHEStudio-ArchitectureDesign GroupWork

Team Members: WanJunjie,FengMiaoning,PanYoujian,ZhangXu,ZhuTuhao

Role:DiagramDrawing,MaterialDesign,Rendering

Site:Nanjing,Jiangsu.

Area: 680 m2

Professional Work

Artists in Nanjing need to paint some large paintings: Some artists said that they need a tall space when painting large paintings, and the state of painting in a tall space is completely different from the feeling of painting in a low space. We decided to keep the high and large scale of the original space as much as possible to provide artists with a better degree of freedom in presenting their works, although doing so will lose a lot of usable area.

We closed most of the exterior windows of the original building in the design to obtain a sufficiently long continuous wall. Because the main exhibition wall is close to the side high windows of the original factory building, direct sunlight will fall during a certain period of time in sunny afternoons. On the white wall, it moves slowly over time. I thought it would interfere with the exhibition, but in the actual exhibition I found that it added to the fun and surprise of the exhibition, so I never tried to control the direct light.

The location of the new space of the gallery is the old factory building in the west factory of Nanjing Second Machine Tool Factory, which was built in the late 1980s and transformed into an industrial park. We are all amazed by the tall and wide space scale of the new space. Mr. Liu said that artists in Nanjing need to paint some large paintings. His feeling is that when painting large paintings, they also need a tall space. The feeling of painting in a low space is completely different. So we decided to keep the high and large scale of the original space as much as possible to provide artists with a better degree of freedom in presenting their works, although doing so will lose a lot of usable area.

The materials have been selected to form subtle color changes, making the interior of the building present a deeper and warmer color. This effect is formed by light and shadow, rather than relying solely on the hue of the material itself.

When the light pours into the art gallery through the opening of the facade, a sense of ritual emerges spontaneously, symbolizing that human activities and development are closely connected with culture and art.

Functionally, the gallery needs a continuous wall that is long enough. In combination with this requirement, we designed the space of the main exhibition hall to have a suitable ratio of width and length; At the same time, the maximum clear height of the original space is retained on the side with side-height windows, and the wall on this side is also the longest section of the exhibition wall in the gallery.

We closed most of the exterior windows of the original building in the design to obtain a long enough continuous wall. Because the main exhibition wall is close to the side high windows of the original factory building, direct sunlight will fall on the white wall at a certain time in the afternoon.

The exhibition space is distributed on all floors. The glass curtain wall facing the existing building and the windows facing the outside bring ample light and a wide view of the landscape into the interior space.

The function of the gallery is essentially to allow viewers to focus on appreciating artworks. In order to achieve this, our air conditioner adopts an air-cooled heat pump + full air system. The sound of the air conditioner is hardly heard in the exhibition hall. We chose professional lighting Lighting equipment, when the light is turned on, the space is uniform light close to the outdoor natural light.

We closed most of the exterior windows of the original building in the design to obtain a sufficiently long continuous wall. Because the main exhibition wall is close to the side high windows of the original factory building, direct sunlight will fall during a certain period of time in sunny afternoons. On the white wall, it moves slowly over time. It was thought that it would interfere with the exhibition, but in the actual exhibition, it was found to increase the fun and surprise of the exhibition, so I have not tried to control the direct light here.

The entrance pavilion is conceived as a flexible social space where visitors and school groups can meet, where people meet new friends and prepare for a visit to the gallery. From the inside of the entrance hall, you can overlook the atrium, glimpse the rich art activities, and even the natural landscape outside the venue.

YUHUATAI DISTRICT SPORTS CENTER

MUHHEStudio-ArchitectureDesign GroupWork

Team Members: PanYoujian,QiaoNenghuan,ZhangYuyan,ZhuTuhao

Role:Modeling,DiagramDrawing,Rendering

Site:Nanjing,Jiangsu

Professioanl Work

Area: 26410 m2

We reorganized the overall spatial structure relationship of the sports center to form a sense of center, so that citizens can clearly and conveniently visit each sports space. Redesign the elevation to establish the relationship between inside and outside, so that citizens can see the movement inside, and those who move can see the city landscape. The original different sports spaces are relatively independent and lack of connection with each other. Reconstruct the original space interface, semi-open sports space, improve transparency, citizens can observe different sports scenes, and create an open, open and energetic sports center atmosphere.

The light-transmitting material makes the sports center present a simple and hazy texture as a whole, and the first floor of the building is fully opened with an open attitude. The finishing touch is the round "moon window", which makes the original simple shape vivid, and also allows people to glimpse the internal activities, and the people inside can also see it.

Credit toQiaoNenghuan

Credit toZhangYuyan

ConcreteSkinExperiment GroupWork

Team Members: PanYoujian,ZhangYuyan,ZhuTuhao

Role:ExperimentalDesign,HandModelMaking,SoftwareAnalysis

The stone fabrics or pendants we see now have an ancient tradition, and when we gaze at these Roman statues, we can also go back to a time long ago, even beyond history, and think about fabrics and the human body The relationship between. These fabrics and buildings also allow us to go back to their original state. At the same time, we got inspiration from Mark West's Fabric Handbook, and tried to pour the tarpaulin as a template to experiment with the state of different flexible skins of concrete.

In the calculation, we found that these roof forms are a unique architectural vocabulary for the material itself. They also generate and present their own ornamentation, as these flat fabrics are forced out of the plane to determine their own curved and folded forms.

We tried to use a simple flat fabric without any trimming as a formwork pour, while constraining the downforce, after many attempts, we hoped to form staggered folds. Such folds also take into account the gravity and coincide with the supporting structure below.

Credit toPanYoujian

In order to further verify the difference in folds of flat fabric used as a template for pouring concrete, we tried a plastic film as a fabric template. When we define these raised volumes with a clear boundary, we can use fabric molds to generate various forms of branching structures. So we used clay to make ups and downs, and tried the state of large-area irregular concrete floors. Through various experiments, we could get different thin shells by controlling the thickness of the clay. These thin concrete shells have a deep structural build due to the folding of the formwork, but are also very thin, only about a foot thick at the junction with the columns and slightly thicker at the edges. At the same time, we apply this experiment to the roof design of public toilets.

Original undulating concrete skin can no longer satisfy us, we began to try a state with larger and more violent undulations. We also use clay to make ups and downs. We added the grasshopper program for simulation, extending the ups and downs of one axis to two directions, expecting it to be random, free, and in eternal motion.

Or, as these models show, you can make this kind of branching radial ribs on a flat plate along a capital, first stretch the fabric down tightly between the molds so that the capital falls, and then it will spontaneously form like this radial ribs. Here is a plaster cast made of a similar device. Naturally formed radial ribs can be freely reorganized in this complex model of single-sheet fabric and multi-column heads.

To achieve a biaxially oriented flat-shell roof structure, we incorporate columns at the control points of the undulations, steel bars are used to support the fabric membrane, no vertical frame members are required, the only thing required is a transverse support beam connected to the top. This is a lightweight wall construction method that can reduce the consumption of building materials.

We can simulate different radial networks by dragging the stigma along any direction with a tarp. The radial network will be stressed along columns, so that the floor, columns, and roof become a complete connection. The irregular concrete floor slab rests on the pine tree like a cloud, making the concrete floor float like a cloud among the trees.

CredittoZhangYuyan

Credit toPanYoujian