According to my perceptions, architecture should grow from two indispensable elements. The one is nature, the other is cultural context, a design will be lack of foundation if it detaches from them. From 2013 to 2017, began with the gallery+ design till the Rome city renovation design, I have been attempted to promote my design process based on these two elements in projects varies from different architecture types and scales. Besides these main works in the experimental studio, I also worked on other projects, such as the villa design in 2nd grade, the Central Glass International Architectural Design Competiton in 3rd grade and mastered the fundamental knowledge of parametric software, Grasshopper, in 4th grade. But there was a question that I have been continuously thinking for 4 years: How to build a channel through architecture for the users to communicate with nature and feel the spirit of historical context? I expect to endow a kind of fascination to architecture, which could arouse people’s consideration about the relationship between history and actuality by creating a “simple” space with unspeakable spirit through pure elements, materials, and constitution. The enormous potential for development in the urban-rural integration area cannot be ignored. The districts between urban and rural areas are also the most valuable regions that can give full play of the architectural concept which values the nature and cultural context, like the theme of my design. The construction of these areas should continue to drive the rural development and realize the future that can maintain the continuity of the contexts during the economic increasing. I think in this kind of architectural practice, need to carry on the following three aspects of research: 1.Old building renovation; 2.Develop new architectural types; 3.Revitalize community life and public space As far as I know, the Institution of Architecture in TU Delft respect students’ diversification and value the craftsmanship but also pay attention to develop students’ Rational and pragmatic spirit. Because paying too much attention to concept development during the undergraduate program, I realize that I am lack of the ability to discuss construction details and technical methods at a deep level. I hope to develop my advantages and cover my shortages in the master program. I believe TU Delft is the best choice for me.
CONTENTS 01
GALLERY+ SPACE FOR ZHANG DAQIAN' S PAINTINGS
02
BEDROOM+ SPACE FOR 15 OF MY CLASSMATES 03
LIBRARY+ A PLACE IN CONTACT TO THE NATURE
04
BAMBOO MOBIUS GUIZHOU LOUNA BAMMBOO CONSTRUCTUION COMPETITION
05
LIGHTEN THE BORDER ROME CITY RENOVATION DESIGN
01 GALLERY+
SPACE FOR ZHANG DAQIAN' S PAINTINGS 3rd Grade Studio 09/2015-11/2015, 8WEEKS Instructor: Xinnan Zhang Individual work/Academic Email: arch_zhangxinnan@tju.edu.cn Site: Art Collage, Tianjin, China
This project was designed to be a gallery of a specific artist that we chosed from te beginning. We needed to do some research about his/her life and works to build a translation from art works to architecture spaces. I chose ZHANG DA QIAN as my origin of design. He was famous for his Chinese ink paintings.
Chinese gardens are important sources of artists' inspiration. ZHANG DA QIAN spent his whole life building gardens for himself and he reflected those views into his paintings. I thought that to let the architecture to be a garden was the best way to make it harmonious with nature and resppond to his paintings.
" A New View With Each Different Step "
ARTIST
SITE ANALYSIS The site is surrounded by residential and commercial blocks, which are full of noise, I need to obstruct them from the gallery.
Z H A N G DA Q I A N w a s o n e o f t h e b e s t- k n o w n a n d m o s t p ro d i g i o u s Chinese artists of the twentieth century. Originally known as a guohua (traditionalist) painter, by the 1960s he was also renowned as a modern impressionist and expressionist painter due to his mature skills of drawing lights. Another main topic of his paintings was nature(mountains and forests)
SAN
MA
ROA D
T IA
WATER
VOLUMN
T IA CO NJIN LL AR AG T E
ENTRANCE
NW
EI
RO AD T IA CO NJIN LL AR AG T E
I use water to create a quite atmosphere, and put three volumes to generate traffic line, then connect to other parts of the site.
PROTOTYPE - GARDENS
PROGRAM
I list six plans of traditional Chinese gardens in Suzhou. To create a peaceful life inside the wall, these gardens use water as the most important view in the center of it. Then I summerised the prototypes in Chinese garden and translate them into modern architecture components.
Layered Axonometric - Visitors Flow Line
1. Liu 2. Yi 3. Ban 4. Crane 5. Chang 6. Wangshi
1 2 3 4 5 6
Enclosing
Entrance
Nature
Yard
Corridor
Garden Garden Garden Garden Garden Garden
Patio
OFFICE & RESEARCH
TEA HOUSE
HALL
PROTOTYPES OF GARDENS & LIGHT
GARDEN After the garden view above the ground, visitors need to go underground through a corridor that lightened by skylight, then walk into the first exhibition space, which connect to the ground floor by an atrium. A series of different kinds of paitings and lights are waiting for them, which are showed as four axonometric drawings.
HT
LIG
SECTION A - A
1. 10mm Roof Sarking
Floor Plan
2. Steel Cornice Component 3. Steel Roof Top 4. 200 x 100mm I Beam 5. 35mm Refractory Aluminum Board 6. Low-e Double Glazing 7. Expansion Bolt 8. Windproof Steal Beam 9. 100 x 225mm Steal Column 10. Stone Pavement 11. Water System 12. Insulation & Water proofing 13. Reinforced Concrete 14. The Roof Ceiling 15. Concrete Column d=300mm 16. Wooden Floor 17. Fixed Wooden Keel 18. Reinforced Concrete Floor 19. Compacted Sand
MasterPlan
20. Prime Soil Compaction
B
A
A
B
I studied traditional Chinese gardens to arrange the plan. Before enter the gallery space, I let the visitors to experience a garden by create a sequence of scenes. On the ground level, the route connect the hall, tea house a n d t h e n t h e ya rd a n d t h e underground level ( the gallery s p ace ) . T h ro u g h t h e w h o l e f low line, I arrange different sightseeing point for visitors.
CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
Underground Viewing Sequence
SECTION B - B
02 BEDROOM+
SPACE FOR 15 OF MY CLASSMATES 3rd Grade Studio 02/2016-04/2016, 8Weeks Instructor: Xinnan Zhang Individual work/Academic Email: arch_zhangxinnan@tju.edu.cn Site: Tianjincho, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
The site of this project was located in Tokyo, where was busy and high density. We planned to creat a space for 15 classmates in our class who has strong relationships with each other. The key word of this project was "share". We were asked to compression private space into minimum value and expand public space to creat more communication possibility.
This building was a little highrise building, which was 30m high but only 100 square meters for each floor. I thought the key point of this project was how to translate the friendship into space and manage different kinds of spaces in a appropriate way. We need to find out a new lifestyle and apply it to all the residents in this building.
" Break the Wall and Say 'Hi' "
AN EYE - CATCHING POSITION
N
Hight Difference
Sun Track
“ Hi ”
LIFE IN SHINJUKU In modern Japan, people live in a busy life with limited communication. I plan to create a space between public and private to release the pressure they experienced during work and build a closer relationship with their roommates.
Morphology
Between Conventional Apartment
SHAREHOUSE AS AN EMERGING TYPOLOGY T h e s t r u c t u r e o f Ja p a n s e households is changing. The typical family are decreasing dramatically. W hile sin g le households are increasing. The later are made of the young generation and in an increasing trend.
TO MEET REQUIREMENTS OF MODERN LIFE The high desity land use in morden societies turn the horizontal village into vertical. I need to change the traditional apartment space to suit the new lifestyle of single people in the morden city.
SHARE
SHARE
PRIVATE
SEMI-PUBLIC
PRIVATE
HOW TO OPERATE TO ADJUST THE SITE After I defined the scale of the volume as 2.5m\ 3.5m\ 4.5m(which standard for the private space, semi-private space and sharing space), I decide to use “slit” as the space proyotype in my project and create it by twisting and rotating the volumes. I developed a volume system with rotation and stack, then used these volumes to respond to the site.
ENTRANCE
SUN&WIND
VIEW OF CITY
STREET VIEW - WEST FACADE
Semi-Public & Private
Public & Public
Private & Private
Traffic & Private
PRIVATE & SHARING PROGRAMS
SLIT
BALCONY
TRAFFIC
WINDOW
LIVING UNIT
SHARING SPACE
COMMERCIAL SPACE
EATING
LANDAURY
PLAN - 10 FLOORS
1st Floor
2nd Floor
3rd Floor
4th Floor
5th Floor
6th Floor
7th Floor
8th Floor
9th Floor
10th Floor
SECTION A-A
HOW TO GENERATE THE SLIT SPACES Because the site just have 100m2 for living and I want the households to have as many possiblities as possible to communicate, so sliding window is the best chioce to save space. Except for the structure part, I choose wood as the main material for the floor and the windows to create warm atmosphere for them. For each residential unit, I design two kinds of living space to make life more interesting for the households.
DESIGN DETAILS
Flexible Adhesive Wood Veneer Flooring Tile
Insulating Tile Tile Adhesive
Heating Mat
Concrete
Balcony
Concrete
Low-E Insulating Glass
Waterproof coating
Spacer Insulating foam Pane Slideway
1. Loft
White Cement
Steel Reinforcement
2. Unit
03 LIBRARY+
A PLACE IN CONTACT TO THE NATURE 3rd Grade Studio 05/2016-07/2016, 8Weeks Instructor: Xinnan Zhang Individual work/Academic Email: arch_zhangxinnan@tju.edu.cn Site: Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
In this project I followed a set of rules given by nature itself: the shape of the trees, the height of the branches, the dimentions in between... all these information give reason to configure a light reading space in nature. The relation between preexisting library and the addition project can be simplified as the "shelf-reading table" model.
The library+ addition project is entitled "Library+", "+", which means what is added to the site. This 3rd grade studio stresses the importance of considering the space and structure of the original library, where the addition project is not a "toy". We need to consider where and how to link the old with the new, and what revenue and opportunities the latter can offer.
" Reading Under the Branches "
READING IN A GARDEN Reading under the branches, along the water.
LIBRARY ADDITION - WHY CHOOSE THIS SITE
Tianjin University's old library is nearly 60 years old. With an area of 14423 m2. It meets with problems of oversaturation of collections and laking reading space. Inside an environment of 1960s chinese architectures, an addition project in needed to reactivate the atmosphere of the library and the surroundings. The latter is not only an functional attachment to the original, but also a motivator to improve the usage of the old library.
LOCATION & TREES
IMAGE
T h e o l d l i b ra r y h a s v e r y limited reading spaces due to oversaturation of collections. T here is no longer a habit reading in the library. But the trees provide beautiful view for readers, seeing this gave me the inspiration to start out.
TRANSITION - THE EXPERIENCE
0
50m
100m
1. Old library's hall
2. Up to the 2F
3. 2F extend the space
4. Old library's corridor
5. Connection area
6. Courtyard
7. New libray's hall
CONCEPT - READING IN THE GARDEN
PROTOTYPES
Visivly or invisibly, the pre-existing trees are occupying space from the underground roots up to the crowns. The "remaining" space is the space without trunks or branches. Architecture is created in the "remaining" space by corridors, reading spaces and towers. It is shaped by trees.
Corridor
Veranda
Pavilion
OPERATION & PROGRAM
Landscape & Underground
Visiting Flowline
Reading Space
Book Collection & Reading
THE NEW IDENTITY OF THE OLD LIBRARY THE OLD LIBRARY
PROGRAMMATICALLY
LANDSCAPE
√ accessbility
√ gathering space
pool
√ infrastructure usage
√ office
courtyard
√ storage
√ reading area
patio
THE NEW IDENTITY OF THE OLD LIBRARY BEFORE
AFTER
2F NEW HALL
SINGLE ENTRANCE
ACTIVATING BACK ENTRANCE
1F CONNECTION NODE
SECTION - OLD & NEW - 1
SECTION - OLD & NEW - 2
LIBRARY +
TOWER - RELATIONSHIP WITH TREES
Outlooking for a new space in contrast with the dim old library interior, a space less "rigid", more "relaxed", more "informal", a place where students would like to sit and read. A place in contact with nature where people can enjoy the fresh air. A place for recreation and interaction.
1. Spiral
2. Depression
3. View Frame
4. Enclosure
04 BAMBOO MOBIUS
GUIZHOU LOUNA BAMMBOO CONSTRUCTUION COMPETITION 08/2016-09/2016, 4 Weeks Instructor: Yike Hu Group Work/Academic Contribution: Construction Leader; Drawing 30% Email: 563537280@qq.com Site: Louna, Guizhou, China
In the summer in 2016, we went to Guizhou to build a pavilion for the farmers there to provide a place for them to have relax during their work. This was the first time for me to build a building in practice. Because all the things we learned in school was about theory.
As the workers there taught us a lot about bamboo such as how to make it curve and how to c o n n e c t d i f f e r e n t components in suitable ways, I learned a lot about materials and skills. I stared to think how to put the whole nature in a small pavilion: We need it to be endless.
" Endless Bamboo Forest "
SITE PLAN
CONCEPT
APPERANCE
ARCH COMPONENT
ROOF CONSTRUCTION
FURNISH LEVEL
The site located in LOUNA surrounded moutain and water
The idea of this pavilion comes from MOBIUS strip
Use poles to generate the form and make it more architectural
Consider about the location of windows and doors
Build the roof construction and study the location of doors in more detail
Design the desks and chairs to satisfied the using requirments
WATERPROOFING FABRIC Set Up a Layer Out Of The Whole Pavilion to Satisfied The Requriments Of Waterproofing And Windfroofing
FACADE
FLOOR PLAN
ROOF PLAN
FINE BAMBOO GRILLE We Add This Layer Under The Fabric, Use Steel Nails To Enforce Its Construction
DESIGN DESCRIPTION The relationship between interior and exterior space is an eternal topic of architects. The project positions itself in the middle ground where these two polarities ambiguously meet and attempts to deliver an discussion on the spatial transitions.Given equal attention to the local and global, the project presents an indiscrimination space system which can ease the contradiction and provides various possibilities of space. This is an experimental integration of volume space, flowing space and transparency. Finally, the object forms a space which has no start, no hierarchy and cannot be defined from the perspective of in and out. The project is a framework for viewers to liberate their imagination and interpretation. Positiveness and negativeness converge here, which fluctuate at one moment.
SORT
DATA&SCALE
QUANTITY
1
4m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x70
2
25m d=50mm Bilateral flat incision
x6
3
8m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x20
4
1.5m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x60
5
2m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x60
6
2.5m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x40
7
5m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x20
COARSE BAMBOO STRUCTURE This Is The Mainly Structure Of This Pavilion. Frist Part Contains Curved Poles Which Form The MOBIUS, Second Part Use Vertical Poled to Form The Continulity Interface
SORT
DATA&SCALE
QUANTITY
8
1.1m d=50mm Bilateral flat incision
x15
9
1.7m d=50mm Bilateral flat incision
x5
10
0.2m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x20
11
0.35m d=80mm Bilateral flat incision
x50
12
0.5m d=50mm Bilateral flat incision
x30
13
12m d=40mm Bilateral flat incision
x5
FLOOR LAYER The Bamboo That Connect With The Ground Transfer The Force to The Steel Component
SORT
DATA&SCALE
QUANTITY
STEEL POLE
500mm d=100mm
x60
HEMP ROPE
d=8mm L>=2m
x200
HEMP ROPE
d=5mm L=100m
x200
CONNECTION TO THE BASEMENT
An upright pole is cut above a node, and a hole is drilled.
A piece of wire bent in half makes threading cordage through the drilled hole easier.
The lashing is finished with a clove hitch around the upright and a square knot.
The drilled joint can also be used to connect the end of a cross-pole to an upright.
Drilled lashings can be used to connect more than on cross-pole to an upright.
Two cross-poles can be connected to an upright at right angles to form a joint.
CONNECTION BETWEEN BAMBOO
CEILING & FURNITURE
Here are two examples of connecting three and four cross-poles to an upright.
Lashing and securing the connections between crosspoles and the upright.
Bamboos are secured in steel tubes, which are connected with concrete on the ground.
Main bending bamboo and climatic borders: Drill holes and fix it with bamboo nails.
Bamboo and foundation: insert the bamboo into the embedded steel pipe inside the concrete.
Main and supporting bamboo: drilled holes fixed with bamboo nails and hemp rope. Main bending and supporting bamboo: fixed with bamboo nails and hemp rope. The lower part of the supporting bamboos: Drill hole, fixed with hemp rope.
Steel pipe and foundation: The lower par t of the steel pipe connect to bolts, fixed in the concrete.
INTERIOR VIEW
Lower part of benting bamboo and supporting bar: Drilled holes, fixed with hemp rope. Main bending bamboo and climatic borders: Drill holes and fix it with bamboo nails.
05 LIGHTEN THE BORDER
ROME CITY RENOVATION DESIGN 4th Grade Studio 09/2016-11/2016, 8 Weeks Instructor: Sinan Yuan Group Work/Academic Contribution: design 60%; model 70%; drawing 50%; paper 100% Email: yuansinan36@qq.com Site: Termini Railway Station, Rome, Italy I finished this design with one of my classmate.We went to Rome in 2017 to accomplish an urban design workshop aimed to fix the problem of the Termini railway station. This station located in the border of this city and was an important traffic node. The site has very complex situation, we need to face the protection of historical monuments, the lack of commercial vitality and the relationship between residents and tourists. We manage to turn the disadvantages of the site into advantages by making full use of the expressway around the city. Besides this, we plan to connect the scattered ancient Rome's relics to the surrounding sightseeing spots for attracting the tourists nearby.
" Empire's Border - Immortal and Instant Moment"
URBAN PLANNING MAPPING OF ROME
SITE LOCATION According to PRG (PIANO REGOLATORE GENERALE), the urban design area is at the intersection between Esquilino and San Lorenzo. Based on both the ancient Rome’s monuments distribution and the planning of historical central area, the site is located in the border of historical central area, the ancient Rome’s historical areas are distributed among the urban design area in a scattered way. The Termini Station is the most important train station in Rome. It is the terminal point (last stop) of Roman railway for foreign tourists. At the same time, it is the starting point for foreign tourists to enter the Roman central area. The Porta Maggiore is the terminal point of tram zone outside the central area.
Programming Strategy Area
Historical Monuments
Rome Railway Network
Tram Line of Rome
Transferring Nodes in North
Transferring Nodes in South
Historical & Central Area
EXISTING SITE SITUATION
Research Area Urban Design Area Railway Station
Termini Station
Scalo Esquilino
Scalo San Lorenzo
Porta Maggiore
Enhancement Area
Tram Stop
Scorrimento
Main Roads Network Railway Main Road to the Site
Node
Callenge
Demand
Pedestrain Path
The site has highly developed networks, high complexit y g roups of people. It should be the positive interface, but it became a negative border.
Continuous Chain of Monuments
Local Service System
Communal Open Space
Convenient Transfer
Urban Attraction
THE OVERALL PLANNING STRATEGY Regarding the site’s needs and issues, we propose the macro-strategic goals as follow. 1. Take advantage of the developing area to create the new city center for attracting large amount of users. 2. Connect the scattered historical monuments to the surrounding sightseeing spots for attracting the tourists nearby. Use the large-scaled sightseeing spots and the historical monuments to satisfy people’s needs. In this way, it can generate the new values of the border of the city. Meanwhile, it can evoke the dynamics of the existing communities to fulfill the communal success which can benefit all groups of users.
DEVELOP ATTRACTIVE COMMERCIAL AREA Possibility: The developing area is the largescaled transferring node for both the city-level trams and buses. Significance: Based on the analysis of the transferring nodes of both Roman highway and the city-level roads, all these areas have the important commercial nodes. However, the chosen site lacks the important commercial node. There are scattered retail stores distributing in the site. Nevertheless, it lacks the largescaled commercial complexes to satisfy the requirements of diverse groups of people.
Supermarket
URBAN COMMERCIAL AREA DISTRIBUTION
Store
LOCAL COMMERCIAL AREA DISTRIBUTION
NODES DISTRIBUTION ALONG SCORRIMENTO
REDEFINITION
REHABILITATION T his method is for those monuments which has nice form but haven't been used for a long time because the lack of function in it. So we decide to give them new function system and create open space around them, to make them connect to the city life.
REORGANIZATION This measure should be used to those monuments whose function and space has been changed because the mordern con s tr uction. We choos e to anlysis the old form of it and bring its original function and character into the mordern life.
We will take this method on those munuments which has been ignoed because of the poor situation of themselves. We want to give them a new function and form and reconfiguration its relationship between them and the open space around them to improve their value.
CONNECTING SCATTERED HISTORICAL RELICES
Tempio di Minerva Medica
Porta Maggiore
Parrocchia Santa Bibiana
City Wall / Aqueduct
THE FOUNTAIN SQUARE
AQUEDUCT / PORTA MAGGIORE
This is the most fundamental traffic road highly close to the site. We give the foutain new functions, which are theatre and cafe, as the important node for rhythm transition among the traffic road.
In order to create the comfort walking environment in the roundabout, we decide to maintain the original function of the Porta Magginore while readjust the surrounding pavement and the green space in order to form the transition between the exits and the two community-squares.
MASTERPLAN
Open space System
Programming System
Landscape System
Morphology System
Motorway System
Historical monuments System
HISTORICAL LINEAR LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS
URBAN DESIGN PLAN DIAGRAM
COMMERCIAL COMPLEX ANALYSIS
Sidewalk
Motorway
Sidewalk
Commercial Street
Sidewalk
Motorway
LightRailway
Sidewalk
Student Apartment Community Service Retail Store Public Space
Motorway System
Pedestrain System
Ground Floor Flowline Second Floor Flowline
Function & Program System
Shelters without organization
Control open space by square Retail Store Market
Control the form with fabric outline Historical Monuments System
Landscape System
PERSPECTIVE OF COMMERCIAL TUNNEL
Increase secondary steerts
Mophology System
COMMERCIAL AREA PLAN
DX Dogana Shopping Mall Reused Building Main Force Store Dinning Hall
Attracting Point Redesigned Facade Commercial Corridor Main Force Store
SURVEY AND DOCUMENTATION
PHOTOGRAPH & HAND DRAWING
In the summer vacation of 2nd grade, Tianjin University organised us to measure the tomb of HUANG TAIJI (an empire of Qing danasty), I measured the wall system of this tomb, and the two columns door, which stands for the border of Yin and Yang.
TWO COLUMNS DOOR
SECTIONS
ROOF BOTTOM VIEW
ELEVATION OF BAO CHENG
ELEVATION OF FANG CHENG
SECTION OF FANG CHENG
CENTRAL-GLASS COMPETITION
JAPAN WORKSHOP