Architecture & Preservation Portfolio of Zihao Zhang 2016-2022 by Zihao Zhang

PALIMPSEST ARCHITECTURE | FABRICATION | PRESERVATION

ZIHAO ZHANG New York, NY 10027 · (646) 410-3335 · zz2887@columbia.edu

SELECTED WORKS 2016-2022

Acropolis of Athens

Sketch by Le Corbusier

Sketch by me

Heritage value lies in the palimpsest of architectural layers that each generation contributes to. I want to enrich the heritage with the voices of my generation.

CONTENTS

New York

Countries Not Traveled

Turin Rome Barcelona Cosenza

Beijing Zunyi

Countries Traveled

Project Sites Visited UNESCO Sites

03 04 05 06 07

10 09

ACADEMIC WORK 01

WOODLAWN MAUSOLEUM CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT AND DOCUMENTATION Columbia GSAPP Historic Preservation studio I, fall 2021

MODERN ROMAN BATH STRATEGIC DESIGN IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE SITE ACCADEMIA ADRIANEA Piranesi Prix de Rome, fall 2019

PORTA FIOCCHETTO ADAPTIVE REUSE DESIGN POLITO 2th year design studio, fall 2019

CASA MEANDRO HISTORICAL CONTEXT DESIGN POLITO 2th year design studio, spring 2018

NATURAL MATRIX ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN POLITO 3th year design studio, spring 2020

VISTA CONDIVISA STRUCTURAL DESIGN POLITO 2th year design studio, spring 2019

DESIGN FOR ROBOTICS FABRICATION THROUGH REMOTE CONTROLLED IAAC – Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia

PROFESSIONAL WORK 08

EMERGENCY DOME CONSTRUCTION WITH SUPERADOBE TECHNIQUE CAL-EARTH SuperAdobe workshop project, summer 2019

RURAL WOODEN BRIDGE DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION WITH RURAL HERITAGE CFPA "Bona Villa" voluntary project, summer 2020

REVERSED COURTYARD RECONSTRUCTION DESIGN DA! ARCHITECTS Intern Project, fall 2020

WOODLAWN MAUSOLEUM

CONDITIONS ASSESSMENT AND DOCUMENTATION Columbia University GSAPP Historic Preservation Studio I LOCATION: Woodlawn Cemetery, New York, USA TYPE: Academic, Research PROJECT DATE: 20/12/2021 SUPERVISOR: Kate Reggev, kate.reggev@gmail.com; Andrew Dolkart, asd3@columbia.edu; Claudia Kavenagh, ck394@columbia.edu

Studio I is the central focus of the first semester of the Historic Preservation program, and a foundational course within the program. It is simultaneously broad in reach and narrow in focus. Studio I both complements and benefits from other first semester coursework; it is the space for engaging overarching historical and contemporary issues in preservation. The goal for Studio I is to equip students with skills, techniques, and critical thinking so that each student can gain the ability to exercise judgment as to the historical significance of a building or site.

NAME: ZIHAO ZHANG UNI: ZZ2887 COLUMBIA GSAPP HP FALL 2021

SITE PLAN

MAUSOLEUM NAME: BELL DATE: October 12

SCALE: 3/16" = 1'0"

SITE PLAN

STUDIO 1: ANDREW DOLKART, CLAUDIA KAVENAGH, KATE REGGEV

Symmetrical site helped the mausoleum to be in a symmetrical shape as well

16Ft

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MAUSOLEUM VIEW

1'-10 3/16"

7'-7 3/4"

1'-10 3/16"

1'-6 3/16"

±18'-2 7/16"

±15'-0 1/8"

±12'-6 13/16"

±10'-10"

±9'-5 1/16"

±7'-11 3/4"

±0.00

2'-5 9/16"

1'-6 3/16"

2'-6 3/8"

6'-3 5/16"

19'-3 5/8"

NAME: ZIHAO ZHANG UNI: ZZ2887

2'-6 3/8"

4Ft

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1'-6 3/16"

±20'-1 5/16"

4Ft

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2'-5 9/16"

±20'-1 5/16"

1'-6 3/16"

2'-5 9/16"

19'-3 5/8"

SOUTH ELEVATION

NORTH ELEVATION

MAUSOLEUM NAME: BELL

COLUMBIA GSAPP HP FALL 2021 STUDIO 1: ANDREW DOLKART, CLAUDIA KAVENAGH, KATE REGGEV

DATE: October 12

SCALE: 3/4" = 1'0"

ELEVATION DOCUMENTATION ±20'-1 5/16"

±18'-2 7/16"

±15'-0 1/8"

±12'-6 13/16"

±10'-10"

±9'-5 1/16"

±7'-11 3/4"

±0.00

7'-11 1/16"

2'-0 7/8"

12'-2 13/16"

4'-11 7/8"

27'-2 11/16"

NAME: ZIHAO ZHANG UNI: ZZ2887 COLUMBIA GSAPP HP FALL 2021 STUDIO 1: ANDREW DOLKART, CLAUDIA KAVENAGH, KATE REGGEV

EXTERIOR ELEVATION 3

MAUSOLEUM NAME: BELL DATE: October 12

SCALE: 3/4" = 1'0"

ELEVATION DOCUMENTATION

The Original Bridge Collasped Due To Mountain Valley Torrents, Making It

1'-7 5/8"

2'-3 15/16"

4Ft

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0.25

0.5

0.75

1Ft

5'-2 3/8"

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1'-9 15/16"

2'-3 7/16"

0000

2'-3 15/16"

1'-7 5/8"

2'-3 7/16"

1'-9 15/16"

19'-3 5/8"

10'-0 13/16"

0000

2'-11 1/2"

13'-10 1/8"

1'-11 3/16"

4'-0 7/16"

1'-11 7/8"

21'-3"

NAME: ZIHAO ZHANG UNI: ZZ2887 COLUMBIA GSAPP HP FALL 2021 STUDIO 1: ANDREW DOLKART, CLAUDIA KAVENAGH, KATE REGGEV

FLOOR PLAN

MAUSOLEUM NAME: BELL DATE: October 12

SCALE: 3/4" = 1'0"

PLAN DOCUMENTATION

NAME: ZIHAO ZHANG UNI: ZZ2887 COLUMBIA GSAPP HP FALL 2021 STUDIO 1: ANDREW DOLKART, CLAUDIA KAVENAGH, KATE REGGEV

DETAIL DRAWING

MAUSOLEUM NAME: BELL DATE: October 12

SCALE: 3" = 1'0"

DETAIL DRAWING

Cleverly blends three letters(J, M, and B, which represent James M Bell) into the graphics

B A

Granite Marble

4Ft

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8Ft

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Granite Marble Bronze

Bronze Glass

NAME: ZIHAO ZHANG UNI: ZZ2887 COLUMBIA GSAPP HP FALL 2021 STUDIO 1: ANDREW DOLKART, CLAUDIA KAVENAGH, KATE REGGEV

SECTION DRAWING

MAUSOLEUM NAME: BELL DATE: October 12

SCALE: 3/4" = 1'0"

SECTION DOCUMENTATION

NAME: ZIHAO ZHANG UNI: ZZ2887 COLUMBIA GSAPP HP FALL 2021 STUDIO 1: ANDREW DOLKART, CLAUDIA KAVENAGH, KATE REGGEV

DEGRADATION

MAUSOLEUM NAME: BELL DATE: October 12

SCALE: 3/8" = 1'0"

Biological Degradation Cortical Degradation Washout Degradation

CONDITION ASSESSMENT

Three kinds of degradation conditions in terms of these two materials

MODERN ROMAN BATH

STRATEGIC DESIGN IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE SITE Piranesi Prix de Rome 2019 LOCATION: Villa Adriana, Rome, Italy TYPE: Competition, Academic, Group Research, Individual Design COLLABORATOR(Research): Nasibe Nur Dundar, Edzgi Uzumcu, Gabriele Lenti, Riccardo Mazzeo, Beatrice Egidi PROJECT DATE: 04/09/2019 SUPERVISOR: Pier Federico Caliari, premio.piranesi@gmail.com; Paolo Conforti, paoloconforti720@gmail.com

The Piranesi Prix de Rome is a university competition which is open to students of architecture schools from all over the world who come to Villa Adriana to attend a two-week workshopcompetition. This workshop focuses on the situation that lots of archaeological heritage on Italian soil is in danger. As for Villa Ardiana, a famous UNESCO site in Rome, it is also troubled by the issue of decreasing tourism. After investigating the site several times, I perceived its lack of modern intervention and new stories by the architects of our generation. Therefore, I intended to reestablish contemporary relevance by proposing a modern Roman Bath on-site, which helps define a new entrance for visitors and improve the accessibility of the heritage. I hope such intervention could counteract the increasing abandonment of this great heritage site and reconnect visitors with this spectacular legacy.

SITE

The site is surrounded by two heritages: Palestra(Gym Palace) & Teatro Greco(Greek Theatre)

50 Feet Plan of Maritime Theatre

50m

100m

150m

200m

THE HIDDEN ORDER OF VILLA ADRIANA

The Complex and Disorderly Plan of Villa Adriana Is Guided By an Axis and Grid System Defined by Maritime Theatre

Spatial Sequence in Section

Structure of Maritime Theatre

THE ORIGIN OF HIDDEN ORDER: MARITIME THEATRE

Virtual Reconstruction of the Maritime Theatre helps to understand the Spatial Sequence and Structure within it

Concentric Circles

Circle and Square-- Tangent

Circle and Square-- Intersect

Circle and Square-- Include

Geometrical Analysis of Maritime Theatre Formation Process

Prototype: Tangent

Deformation 1

Deformation 2

Operation 1

Operation 2

Prototype: Intersection

Deformation 1

Deformation 2

Operation 1

Operation 2

Prototype: Inclusion

Deformation 1

Deformation 2

Operation 1

Operation 2

Innovation Process from Basic Rules of Prototype

PROTOTYPE & INNOVATION

The Geometrical Analysis of Maritime Theatre Provides Prototype and Innovation for Modern Roman Bath Design

Roman Bath Activity

Changing

Sports

Warm Bath

Hot Bath

Cold Bath

Rest

Leave

Exhibition

Changing

Warm Bath

Hot Bath

Cold Bath

Leave

Mood

Space View

Plan View

Atmosphere Visibility

Temperature

Sound

Modern Bath Activity

Enter

SPATIALIZING NARRATIVE IN MODERN ROMAN BATH

The Visibility, Temperature, and Sound of Bath Water Change with Different Level in Modern

TEMPLE OF VENUS

GYM PALACE

Plan of Gym Palace Intervention

GREEK THEATRE

MODERN ROMAN BATH 4

3 3

2 3

Groundfloor Plan of Modern Roman Bath 1. Entrance

2. Exhibition

Plan of Greek Theatre Intervention

3. Changing Room 4. Warm Bath 5. Hot Bath 6. Cold Bath

First Floor Plan of Modern Roman Bath

7. Exit

10m

20m

30m

40m

ENTRANCE OF VILLA ADRIANA

MODERN INTERVENTION WITHIN ANCIENT HERITAGE

Modern Roman Bath and New Visiting Route Provide Opportunities to Activate Greek Theatre, Gym Palace, and Temple of Venus

View from Modern Roma

View from Greek Theatre to Modern Roman Bath Hot Bath

Cold Bath

Pool

Canal

Water Stag

Section A-A of Modern Roman Bath & Greek Theatre

AXIS DEFINING THE S

Aqueduct, Canal and Pedestrian Path as Visualized Axises Co

an Bath to Greek Theatre

View from Modern Roman Bath to Gym Palace

Aqueduct

SPACE ORIENTATION

Cold Bath

Warm Bath

Canal

Aqueduct

onnecting the Existing Heritage and The Modern Roman Bath

Section B-B of Modern Roman Bath & Gym Palace

PORTA FIOCCHETTO ADAPTIVE REUSE DESIGN

Urban Design Studio (02OVOLU) LOCATION: Porta Palazzo, Turin, Italy TYPE: Studio, Academic, Collaboration ROLE: Team Member COLLABORATOR: Eleonora Feliciello, Mohamad Khansa, Siyu Xiao CONTRIBUTION: Concept60%, analysis60%, 3D modelling30%, drawing30%, final presentation50% PROJECT DATE: 03/02/2020 SUPERVISOR: Francesca Frassoldati, francesca.frassoldati@polito.it; Chiara Lucchini, chiara.lucchini@polito.it

General aim of the Urban Design Studio is to develop individual awareness of the urban dimension of architecture, focusing on different social topics, aspects and tools. The studio also provides students with the opportunity to explore from different angles of Porta Palazzo in Torino where complex urban issues are taking place. Fiocchetto bus station is very close to Porta Palazzo, which is the largest outdoor market in Europe, and Turin old town, where numerous UNESCO sites of Savoy residences are located in. However, the Fiocchetto bus station is basically abandoned though there is a high need of transportation within this area. At the same time, considering everyday a lot of unsold food is wasted in Porta Palazzo market, we decided to create a food storage and canteen program in the station. Lastly, through analyzing the urban issues nearby and taking adaptive reuse of existing bus station structures, I believe our proposal could help this bus station to get a new life.

0m 10 2m ins 'w alk

PORTA PALAZZO 300m 6 mins' walk

200

min

s' w

alk

SITE

TURIN OLD TOWN Site Map of Fiocchetto Bus Station WEAKNESS 1: Porta Palazzo Market Unsold Food and Lack of Storage Space

(Unsold & Wasted Food) / All Food %: 10%

30%

50%

20%

40%

60%

WEAKNESS 2: Fiocchetto Bus Station Disorderly Bus Parking

Parking Position of Bus

WEAKNESS 3: Fiocchetto Neighborhood Height Difference Cut Off the Public Space Neighborhood

Site Pedestrian

River

Vehicle

EXISTING WEAKNESSES OF BUS STATION

Find Out the Existing Problems of Fiocchetto Neighborhood by Field Survey

BUS STATION SCALE NEIGHBORHOOD SCALE

ORIGINAL ORGANIZATION

Existing building(Edge of bus station) Building for cleaning the bus Parking lots Routes for picking up passengers Gas station(not used anymore) & Bike parking Both entrance and exit for buses

REORGANIZATION OF BUS STATION New boarder of the station Area with new opportunities New bus organization with new entrance Platform with parking function

SOFT EDGES OF BUS STATION University students School kids Neighborhood residents

ADJUSTED FUNCTIONS & PUBLIC SPACES International atmosphere Gathering identities and facilities Restaurant and charity with job opportunities Language school for foreigners Library and cultural center

URBAN SCALE

URBAN ENVIRONMENT 1. Green areas nearby 2. Close to historical center 3. Enjoyable natural view 4. International identity 1. Messy streets 2. Few facilities 3. Uncomfortable bus station 4. Boring pedestrians 1. Open space (enjoyable space for social life) 2. Active bus station 3. Pedestrian friendly (lower level difference) 1. Conflict between bus station and open space 2. Slope of the soil 3. Noise context of from the open space 4. Safety issues (drug sellers)

FROM HISTORY TO CONTEXT

Study the San Donato history and understand the

RESPONSESneighborhood IN DIFFERENT in order toSCALES provide foundation for architectural design

Plans

Master Plan of Fiocchetto Bus Station Rooftop plan

1:500

Plan of Restaurant, Library, and Reorganized Bus Station Ground floor plan

1:500

Model of Fiocchetto Bus Station

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OLD & NEW

New Buildings Try to Adaptively Reuse the Original Bus Station in terms of Form and Function

Exploded Axonometric Drawing of Reused Fiocchetto Bus Station

Inner Facade of Reused Fiocchetto Bus Station

SLOPE AS A SOLUTION FOR SITE HEIGHT DIFFERENCE

Through Bridge and Wide Slope, Pedestrians at High Level Are Naturally Led to Public Spaces at Low Level

CASA MEANDRO

HISTORICAL CONTEXT DESIGN History and Design Studio (01OUELU) LOCATION: Borgo San Donato, Turin, Italy TYPE: Studio, Academic, Collaboration ROLE: Team Member COLLABORATOR: Ashley Barley, Yingyue Li, Angelica Montiel, Esra Yaman, Ege Can Yazici CONTRIBUTION: Concept40%, analysis30%, 3D modelling50%, drawing40%, final presentation40% PROJECT DATE: 23/01/2019 SUPERVISOR: Luca Barello, luca.barello@polito.it; Chiara Devoti, chiara.devoti@polito.it

The History and Design Studio aimed to define an aware design between architecture and urban design starting from a deep analysis of the historical city fabric. The chosen site was called San Donato, which is a city neighborhood developed outside the city center of Turin. San Donato was a site of proto-industries and housing of very different features from the 19th century. There were a lot of canals crossing this area due to high need of water use in factories. Nowadays, San Donato covered all of these industrial pasts and transformed into a residential neighborhood. But the security level in this neighborhood is not very good due to a diversity of residents living here. According to this situation, our design strategy is to design a new housing project with an open corner to invite people in San Donato to gather together in the public space that the housing project created. The material use of red bricks as well as courtyard design also help people to awake the industrial past and join in the dialogue between old and new within San Donato.

1620 First expansion of fortification

1673 Second expansion of fortification

1715 Third expansion of fortification

1800 Demolishment of fortification

1853 First Duty Fence

1861 Italy Unifica Turin is Cap

Borgo San Donato belongs outside the fortification. Elements that produce primary nucleus: roads, canals, farmhouses, mills and aggregated buildings.

Borgo outsid Eleme prima canals, aggrega

Unknown Pıemontese Topographer, Carta topografica della Caccia, circa 1760-1766, Torino.

Unknown Pıemontese Topographer, Ca Caccia, circa 1760-1766, Torino.

1760-1766 The Borough San Donato Was Outside the Fortification

1804-1805 The Borough Was Defined by Corso Francia and City Walls

1866 The Borough Was Structured around San Donato

1868 City Extend

The partition between the Martinetto canal and Torino canal was inside of the mill.

The Martinetto canal came out of the upper mill through the green gate now.

The low other s former p

Martinetto has a unique character due to the discontinuity between its constituent parts. This character can be linked to the variety of natural and artificial limits.The river Dore delineates the area connecting public green space to the urban landscape. In Martinetto we can see several examples of the area’s older vernacular architecture from different periods of its history together, creating a mixed fabric. Primarily however the area has been filled with 20th century units built fromthe 1950s to the present day.

ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS

1563 Turin - Capital of Savoy Duchy

Elevations reveal the different functions of ground floors (service or commerce) and upper floors(residential), by using different materials and colors: grey or white artificial stone on ground floors; bright colors: red, yellow, orange or decorative bricks on upper floors.

DECORATIVE DETAILS

PATTERN

WATER SYSTEM

CONNECTIONS WITH THE CITY

URBAN STRUCTURE & TRANSFORMATIONS

TIMELINE

Because of the need for fast and cheap construction, as well as the continued prominence of modernist thinking, buildings of the era lack the ornamental detail of many of San Donato’s traditional structures, but instead adapt essential elements in creative ways.

The fo cuoifi reconst nowada service materia is not p chimne opening

1. Creating patterns and the directionality of cladding materials makes a building element decorative.

2.Deco created construc material

FROM HISTORICAL RESEAR

Study the San Donato History and Understand the Context of this Ne

ation pital

1906-1908 First Master Plan

1912 1940-1945 1959 Second WW2 Most that we can Duty Fence Massive Bombing see now ...

San Donato belongs de the fortification. ents that produce ry nucleus: roads, farmhouses, mills and ated buildings.

Borgo San Donato belongs outside the fortification. Elements that produce primary nucleus: roads, canals, farmhouses, mills and aggregated buildings.

arta topografica della

Unknown Pıemontese Topographer, Carta topografica della Caccia, circa 1760-1766, Torino.

Enlargement Plan ded San Donato

wer mill is occupied by structures now, but path is still noticeable.

1879-1898 Borgo San Donato Inside the first Duty Fence

The former canal bed has been repurposed for underground parking now. This map represents the current main and secondary roads of Martinetto, the current densitý and uses of the actual buildings (yellowhousing and blue-housing and commerce).

ormer leather factory cio Atzimonti was tructed in 1990s and ays it is used as public e area and office. The al of original facade preserved, while the ey and the position of gs remain.

o r a t i v e e ff e c t s a r e d by combining and cting different cladding ls together.

1935 Variation on Master Plan without Fence

Another example of the relationship between canal and underground space.

Actual Martinetto pattern: 1. Semi-dense tissue 2. Divided by blocks 3. Orthogonal main streets Outdoor living spaces are common in this area, though these areas are cold in winter and semi-public. Balconies or loggias along the buildings can be seen as a symbol of low-budget housing and are rarely used when they are placed on the north side.

3.Bold, constructing colours are comming in the cladding of many contemporary buildings in San Donato.

RCH TO DESIGN STRATEGY

4.Necessary metal fixtures the most ornamental elements due to being convenient and economical to mold and sculpt

eighborhood in order to Provide Foundation for Architectural Design

DESIGN STRATEGIES 1. Our project aims to preserve the district industrial heritage by adopting a curved metal vault roof similar to those seen throughout the borough. The use of contrasting straight and curved lines is also inspired by details seen in the openings and fixtures of the surviving factories in San Donato. 2. Represent the canal: Inspired by the existing traces of Canale di Torino, we have decided to create a distinct path going though the public courtyard, partially echoing the old canal while also creating a new pedestrian-friendly flow.

3. A greener San Donato: Since the borough lacks green spaces, we have decided to create a continuous green façade, providing planters and corridor space for the residents internally and giving more life to the neighbourhood externally.

4. Open the corner for public space: The inspiration comes from the common open corners in the Martinetto area and the converted brewery at piazza dei mestieri. Our design of an open, welcoming corner aims at encouraging the residents throughout San Donato to participate in social events. References: [1]Unknown Pıemontese Topographer, Carta topografica della Caccia, circa 1760-1766, Torino (AST, Carte Topografiche Segrete, 15.A.VI rosso). [2]Gıuseppe Sappa, Ville impérialede Turin, in DépartementduPo, Arrondissement Communale& Canton de Turin, Plan géometriquede la Communede Turin, Lèvéen exécutionde l’arrêtédu12 Brumairean II, Treminéle 12 Nivosean XIII, 1804-1805, Torino, detail(AST, Sezioni Riunite, Finanze, Catasti, Catasto francese, Torino). [3]Comune di Torino, Piano Topografico del Territorio ripartito in Frazioni e Sezioni di Censimento, 1911. ASCT, Tipi e disegni, 64.8.17. [4]Servizio Tecnıco Munıcıpale Dei Lavori Pubblici, Pianta di Torino coll’indicazione dei due Piani Regolatori e di Ampliamento rispettivamente della Zona Piana[…]e della Zona Collinare […]aggiornati colle Varianti deliberate successivamente sino a Giugno 1935, detail(ASCT, Tipi e disegni, 64.7.8/1-8). [5]Citta di Torino, Carta tecnica comunale, Quadrante 155 121. 19421945. [6] Danni arrecati agli stabili 1:5000, 1942-1945. Zona 4: Campidoglio, Martinetto, Borgo San Donato, Foro Boario, Borin, Ghieri, Tesoriera, (ASCT, Tipi e disegni, cart. 68, fasc. 2 disegno 4). [7] Unknown, Torino-barrier del martinetto.

Open Corner Inviting People Coming In

The Snug 2 Bedrooms 75 m2

The Mezzanine 2 Bedrooms 89 m2

Exploded Axonometric Drawing of Residential Blocks

DESIGN STRATEGY 1: CURVED VAULT ROOF

Curved Vault Roof, as a Common Form of Local Factories, Try to Awake People’s Industrial Memory of San Donato

The Eaves 3 Bedrooms 118 m2

Master Plan

DESIGN STRATEGY 2,3: CANAL REPRESENTATION & OPEN CORNER

Distinct Path Going Though Public Courtyard, Partially Echoing the Old Canal While Also Creating a New Pedestrian-friendly Flow

Material Analysis of Neighborhood San Donato: Brick as the Mian Material in San Donato Area

FACADE AS TOOL TO ANSWER THE NEIGHBORHOOD CONTEXT The Rhythm of Brick Facade Density is the Same as the Neighborhood Architecture

Section of Neighborhood

DESIGN STRATEGY 4: CONTINUOUS

The Continuous Brick Facade not only Provides Extra Greenery to San Donato, B

25 x 12 x 5.5 cm Brick

25 x 12 x 3.3 cm Tile

Vertical Reinforcement: 1cm(Diameter) Steel Bar Rotated Brick Orientation

Horizontal Reinforcement: 5*0.5cm Flat Steel Bar

Regular Brick Orientation with Gaps

Construction Detail of Brick Facade

and Residential Building

BRICK FACADE WITH VEGETATION

But Also Answer For the Neighborhood Context by the Variation of Brick Density

NATURAL MATRIX

ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN Environmental and Technological Design Studio (01PHCLU) LOCATION: Turin, Italy TYPE: Studio, Academic, Collaboration ROLE: Team Member COLLABORATOR: Ashley Barley, Lucia Sanna, Wenjun Feng CONTRIBUTION: Concept40%, analysis30%, 3D modelling40%, drawing60%, final presentation70% PROJECT DATE: 02/07/2020 SUPERVISOR: Giacomo Chiesa, giacomo.chiesa@polito.it

Environmental and Technological Design Studio aims at supplying basic knowledge, methods and tools for designing a building in which functional needs, regulation constraints, environmental context conditions, and construction techniques and materials are integrated. This studio intends to supply basic knowledge, methods, and tools for a sustainable approach to preliminary building design of Site-climate analyses as well as Building Programming. The Site-climate analysis help to evaluate access to/protection from solar radiation and wind, for a building to be designed in a given location. And the Building Programming also requires our design to satisfy town-planning constraints, building code requirements, technological and environmental requirements. Even though the site is located in a brand new area of Turin, I believe architectural design can still obtain reference from its surrounding environment, that is, the wind and sunshine in nature.

SITE-CLIMAT

The Site-climate analysis help to evaluate access to/protection from sola

TE ANALYSIS

ar radiation and wind, for a building to be designed in a given location

BUILDING PRO

The Building Programming also requires our design to satisfy town-planning const

OGRAMMING

traints, building code requirements, technological and environmental requirements

VISTA CONDIVISA STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Architectural Construction Studio (02OHXLU) LOCATION: Milan Barrier, Turin, Italy TYPE: Studio, Academic, Collaboration ROLE: Team Member COLLABORATOR: Ashley Barley, Esra Yaman, Ege Can Yazici CONTRIBUTION: Concept40%, analysis30%, 3D modelling50%, drawing40%, final presentation40% PROJECT DATE: 21/06/2019 SUPERVISOR: Andrea Bocco, andrea.bocco@polito.it; Claudio Rossi, rossi.medios@gmail.com

The Architectural Construction Studio "Building in the built environment" develops a project in the well-established urban context of an European city. The studio will be focussed on the design experience of a single building, exploring how a specific housing typology can be combined with a related structural and constructional scheme. Our design strategy needs to provide specific knowledge on how to design a residential building, especially focussing on the relation between form and constructional principles as well as acquire awareness of the need to meet human requirements, and of the constructional feasibility. In terms of Milan Barrier, it is a neighborhood of multi-ethnic cultural integration. There are a large number of refugees living here, therefore there are many homeless people who urgently need to solve their housing problems. So we decided to choose the reinforced concrete structure as our main constructional scheme because reinforced concrete not only requires less skilled labor for the erection of the structure, but also can be economically molded into a nearly limitless range of shapes to fit the current complex urban texture. Structural design helps to provide a new possibility to extend the current urban texture and solve the existing social problems.

SITE M

Focussing on the relation between form and constructional princip

MODEL

ples and acquire awareness of the need to meet human requirements

Green Roof Structural Detail 1:10 1 Render 2 Vertical railings 3 Technical cavity 4 Ribbed reinforced concrete slab with perforated blocks 5 Vapour barrier 6 Cork insulation 7 Waterproof layer 8 Anti-slip tees 9 Eco mat protection layer 10 DSE 40 drainage layer 11 Filter fleece 12 Engineered soil 13 Seeded vegetation

Elevation 1:20 5

Axonometric View of Planter 1:10 1 Wooden cladding 2 FT14 In-situ concrete planter wall 3 Waterproofing layer 4 Bauder intensive substrate (NBS Q28/124) 5 Bauder filter fleece (NBS Q37/111) 6 Bauder DSE 60 drainage mat filled with mineral drain 7 Outlet pipes for drainage 8 Natural soil

1 4

6 7

SECTION OF CLAY BLOCKS 1:10

Load-bearing wall

Non Load-bearing wall

Horizontal Section I-I' 1:20

Horizontal Section H-H' 1:20

DETAIL

ELEVATION

A B C D E F G H I J K

- Cell confinement - anti slip tees - Lintel - Wood frame - Blind frame - Rain drainage channel of palnter - Concrete infill of lintel - Plywood external cladding - Adjustable paving pedestal - Skirting - Mechanical fixings - Reinforced conrete beam

A J

Roof

5 mm 12 mm 38 mm 200 mm

Render Gypsum board Technical cavity Ribbed reinforced concrete slab with perforated blocks Vapour barrier Cork insulation Waterproof layer PE foil seperation layer Eco mat protection layer DSE 40 drainage layer Filter fleece Engineered soil Seeded vegetation

160 mm 8 mm 40 mm 100 mm -

Section G-G' 1:20

Extra explaination

F B D C

Upperfloor Slab

5 mm 12 mm 38 mm 200 mm

Render Gypsum board Technical cavity Ribbed reinforced concrete slab with perforated blocks (380-250-160) Vapour barrier Thermal insulation (cork panel) Screed Acoustic insulation Wooden Parquet

60 mm 60 mm 10 mm 15 mm

External Walls

G 15 mm 5 mm 300 mm

Internal brick tile cladding Mortar Perforated hollow bricks Planfüllziegel Vapour barrier Thermal insulation (cork panel) Waterproof layer Mortar Brick tile cladding with rail system

80 mm 5 mm 15 mm

4 Balcony planter

15 mm Wooden cladding 80+ mm FT14 In-situ concrete planter wall Waterproofing layer Bauder intensive substrate (NBS 28 mm Q28/124) Bauder filter fleece (NBS Q37/111) Bauder DSE 60 drainage mat filled with 20 mm mineral drain Outlet pipes for drainage Drainage channels -

External Flooring

10 mm 10 mm 5 mm

Earth Gravel Compressed sand Sandstone tiles

Foundation

150 mm d=100 mm 150 mm

Lean concrete base Reinforced concrete spread footing foundation Waterproof layer Subsoil drainage pipe Backfill Concrete Slab

7 Groundfloor Slab 250 mm 80 mm 150 mm 60 mm 10 mm 15 mm

Earth Backfill Waterproof layer Thermal insulation (cork panel) Vapour barrier Reiforced concrete slab Screed Acoustic insulation Wooden Parquet

6 I

SECTION

DESIGN FOR ROBOTICS

FABRICATION THROUGH REMOTE CONTROLLED IAAC – Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia LOCATION: Barcelona, Spain TYPE: Workshop, Academic, Collaboration ROLE: Team Member COLLABORATOR: Vasilis Kordas, Nikos Papadopulos, Bruhmi Patel, Salvador Calgua PROJECT DATE: 10/07/2020 SUPERVISOR: Kunaljit Chadha, Ricardo Mayor

Photo credits: Fusta Robotica - IAAC OTF 2015.

Many industries are being disrupted by innovative technological breakthroughs that significantly enhance or supersedes traditional processes. The construction sector, as we know it, is constantly evolving to be able to give greater freedom to Architects and designers. The future calls for innovative technologies such as robotics, AI and automation to be an integral part of the design and building industry to bridge the gap between Design, Engineering and Construction phases. To quote Isaac Asimov, ‘You just can't differentiate between a robot and the very best of humans’, this module will focus on a manufacturing driven design approach towards conceiving spaces. Wood is perhaps one of the most widely used materials for building and construction, which makes it doomed to wastage. Re-organising and re-configuring this surplus material environment into a usable raw material requires a flexible design protocol. This demands a continuously adaptive and iterative system. Industrial Robots allow this flexibility to manipulate and assemble the stock to create usable sustainable structures.

Module 1

Vasilis Kordas, Nikos Papadopulos, Zihao Zhang, Bruhmi Patel, Salvador Calgua | Group 1 | GSS Design for Robotics 2020

WOODEN JENGA DESIGN

Introduced to integrated computational design and robotic fabrication

Final Geometry Analysis_Fabrication

Module 3

Vasilis Kordas, Nikos Papadopulos, Zihao Zhang, Bruhmi Patel, Salvador Calgua | Group 1 | GSS Design for Robotics 2020

PHYSICS SIMULATION

Concepts of sensor feedback and machine vision

REMOTE RO

Computational design algorithm in combina augment the design and construction

OBOT WORK

ation with robotic fabrication and sensing to process for no-standardised material

EMERGENCY DOME

CONSTRUCTION WITH SUPERADOBE TECHNIQUE California Institute of Earth Art and Architecture SuperAdobe Workshop LOCATION: Cosenza, Calabria Region, Italy TYPE: Workshop, Academic, Collaboration ROLE: Team Member COLLABORATOR: Carlo Dal Lin, Jasmine Ammann, Maria Schlesinger, Nastaran Makaremi, Sedigheh Bakhshi, Tommaso Lizzi PROJECT DATE: 28/04/2019 SUPERVISOR: Davide Frasca, davide@videterra.org; Mark Harmon, earthlogger@gmail.com

Superadobe is a recent technique invented by the Iranian architect Nader Khalili. The earth is put into bags or tubes of polypropylene or jute. As the bag is filled it is laid down and tamped. By piling up the bags the wall is created. Between rows a strand of barbed wire is placed in order to create friction between bags and to give tensile strength to the wall. The bag acts as a flexible form allowing the builder to create curved or straight walls. This technique is particularly suited for building domes. The domes built by Nader Khalili at the Cal-Earth Institute passed California's high seismic building codes by 300%, making these domes not only earthquake proof but also resistant to fire, floods and hurricanes.

SUPERADOBE EARTH DOME

The arch, contrary to the architrave, distributes weight uniformly

PROMOTE APPLICATION

SuperAdobe technique does not require special construction materials and advanced construction knowledge other than SuperAdobe itself, so it offers many possibilities for its promotion. Therefore, people in resource-poor areas also have the opportunity to create their own wonderland

CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

Convenient And Easy Construction Process, Building Materials Directly Obtained From Local Area: Barbwire, Gravel, Soil, Sand

RURAL WOODEN BRIDGE

DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION WITH RURAL HERITAGE China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation "Bona Villa" Voluntary Project LOCATION: Tiangba Village, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China TYPE: Voluntary workshop ROLE: Team Member COLLABORATOR: Zengjie Guo, Niran Hu, Weiwei Chen, Jialu Chen, Mengting Zhu, Siyi Fang, Sijia Zheng, Xin Mou CONTRIBUTION: Concept40%, analysis30%, 3D modelling50%, drawing40%, final presentation40% PROJECT DATE: 30/05/2020 SUPERVISOR: Runyuan Zhang, zhangrunyuan@fupin.org.cn Lidong Sun, da_sunlidong@163.com; Anna Andronova, da_annaandronova@163.com

As part of the organization of the "Bona Villa" project for the China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, I had the opportunity to attend a voluntary project in Tianba Village in Zunyi, Guizhou province, China. There used to be an old bridge on the site of the current stone steps, but it was washed away by valley flooding in the rainy season. Thus, the project involved designing and constructing a wooden bridge in the local national natural park. For the purpose of making it convenient for villagers to enter the valley for water extraction and tourists to visit, the local government commissioned us to redesign and construct a bridge on the original site of the former bridge. Owing to multiple resources of timber and bamboo, the local wooden mortise and tenon techniques in combination with the bamboo weaving skills are extremely superb. For this reason, we decided to learn from this great intangible cultural heritage and incorporate it into the structure scheme and parapet design of our wooden bridge. During the construction process, we also learned a lot from local craftsmen, allowing me to attain an understanding of every step of timber processing and the charm of rural heritage.

SITE STATUS

The Original Bridge Collasped Due To Mountain Valley Torrents, Making It Difficult For Villagers And Tourists To Cross The River

ON-SITE MODEL MAKING

Using natural materials like stones, grass and cardboard within the site to make site model in order to solve the problem of no provided digital model

RURAL HERITAGE TREASURE

Benefiting From The Abundant Local Forest And Bamboo Resources, The Construction Technology Of Bamboo Weaving And Wooden Structure Tenon Joints Is Very Mature And Has Become The Local Intangible Cultural Heritage

Parapet

Bamboo Weaving Handrail

Wooden Deck

Tenon Structure Wooden Beam Structure

b a

Wooden Bridge

BRIDGE STRUCTURE DESIGN

The design of bridge handrail is inspired by the local bamboo weaving craftsmanship, using the curvature of the pillars to create an experience of freedom in the valley

RESPECT OF THE ORIGINAL SITE LANDSCAPE

The stone steps excavated by the ancestors, the ancient trees on the side of river, the mossy stones on the river bed, these are the memories of the site and deserve to be respected

REVERSED COURTYARD RECONSTRUCTION DESIGN

Invited Project at Tiangang Village, Beijing LOCATION: Tiangang Village, Beijing, China TYPE: Office-related work at DA! Architects ROLE: Leading intern architect COLLABORATOR: Shaobai Guo, Mingazova Diana, Muhutdinova Endzhe, Peng Hu PROJECT DATE: 26/08/2020 SUPERVISOR: Lidong Sun, da_sunlidong@163.com; Anna Andronova, da_annaandronova@163.com

Amongst the general background of Chinese urbanization, the popularity of rural areas in China began to decline. Accordingly, a strategy policy for rural vitalization was implemented by the Chinese government. In parallel, a reconstruction design project was formulated by the ARCHINA company based in Beijing, China, which is referred to as the reversed courtyard project. For the villagers in Tiangang Village, the core problem of abandoned folk houses is the dilapidated living environment and lack of attraction. In consideration of the indispensable relationship of urban and rural areas, I plan to apply the reconstructed house concept and reverse the courtyard space into a pavilion, so as to allow for public use. The construction process will begin in March, 2021, with the hope that the reconstructed house will provide villagers a public area to socialize and re-examine the charm of traditional Chinese rural vernacular houses.

Map by Google Earth

SEEDING

The way to intervene in the countryside should be like seeding, adding new texture and function to the countryside

Sketch Model 1

Sketch

Sketch Model 2

Sketch Model 3

REVERSE

The demand of rural areas development is the demand for "endophytic development ability"

NEW LIFE OF OLD COURTYARD

Empty courtyard is reversed to a pavilion, and useless old house is reversed to new public space

Seating Benches

Skylights

Original Roof

Walkable Rooftop

Radial Beams

Living Area

Sculpture Column

Courtyard Pool

c e

f d

INDEPENDENCE STRUCTURE SCHEME

The structure system between the newly added courtyard and the old house is independent of each other

Workshop

INTERIOR SHADOWS PROJECTED BY TILES

Tile is the element that run through indoors and outdoors, projecting interesting shadow indoors, and sheltering folk houses from wind and rain

CONSTRUC

CTION SITE