(re) tracing edges Arch751a Advanced Inception and Strategic Design Plymouth University Master of Architecture 2017 - 2018 MArch Year 2 Alitsia Lambrianidou, Zoe Latham, Maria Mouyiasi
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Introducing Macau Theoretical framework
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Testing theory on site
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Challenges
Macau
project 0: place project 2a: mental mapping project 2a: emerging horizons project 1: line of place (y) Macau collaboration place displace (re) place urban textures weaving cultures orders of Macau opportunities within order synopsis challenges at two scales river shrinkage parallel lives sense of place field of opportunity identified nodes historic and current day tracing activities tracing water’s character tracing water’s edge everyday appropriation
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Strategic proposal
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Environmental strategy
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References and appendix
proposal outline key gestures node’s components visitors nodes visitor - local convergence node locals node community inspired precedent application to strategy public space precedent application to strategy urban strategy phasing phasing timeline tidal presence precedent application to strategy sacrificial ground precedent application to strategy
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introducing Macau
Sequential views of street life on historic Rua do Almirante
Macau
introducing Macau
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From the mid eighteenth century until around the 1950’s Macau administration was in control of the city margins, in particular the waters edge and trading routes between the East and West. During this time, Macau began building piers along the habour’s edge to cater for the increasing trade and to promote economic activities.
As trade started to move to Hong Kong and Mainland China, Macau became a tourist destination for people living and working in Hong Kong. In the late 1960s gambling was introduced to Macau to guarantee its economic viability and survival. The taxation on the gambling allowed Macau to build more casinos, hotels and other large scale tourism orientated investments on reclaimed land. Macau is now the highest earning Casino tourism city in the world.
Over the last one hundred years Macau’s land area has almost tripled in size. The once unique archipelago now appears as an annex of Mainland China. Unknowingly, this constant manipulation of the waters edge and land reclamation has become a normal response to the pressures of urban growth.
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theoretical framework The following theoretical framework is the outcome of a series of weekly discussions around a set of shared values on the topics of : meaning of place, identity and the everyday.
project 0: place theoretical framework Key Words: Place Genius Loci Belonging Meaning
Key Theory: (Norberg-Schulz 1980) (Relph 1976) (Hall and Gay, 1996) (Dovey, 1999)
Main focus on how people make sense of place and how they adapt into a new environment. The feeling of attachment and belonging becomes important for their everyday lives. Place is characterised by people’s attachment and everyday habits. It becomes a performative landscape, a sacred place.
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project 2a: mental mapping The value of everyday through people’s possessions and activities. They extend their homes as well as their identity into the streets. The streets, then, shape a performative sociocultural landscape which enhance connections between different people. The in-between spaces become spaces of interaction and socialisation.
theoretical framework Key Words: Place Imperfection Everyday Collectiveness
Key Theory: (Certeau, 1984) (Lovell,1998) (Relph 1976) (Leach, 2002)
project 2a: emerging horizons theoretical framework Key Words: Common Ground Identity ‘Self and Other’ Palimpsest
Key Theory: (Hester 1993, 281) (Brown and Clark 2010, 2) (Westwood et al., 1997) (Bakhtin, 1984)
Place, people and identity are inextricably bound to one another. Recreate relations between the ‘self’ and ‘other’ to form a common ground. Reveal the past to enhance the present through the everyday acts of imperfections. Spaces with no certain value, become sacred spaces where sociocultural transformation can be achieved.
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‘Walking in a straight line one can not get very far’ (The little Prince).
project 1: lines of place (y)
A short film that mainly explores how people approach the city differently. Some of them limit themselves to restricted interactions and experiences. Others explore and create new journeys in the city. Then, the city becomes a place where people can project their identities.
theoretical framework
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testing theory on site The above theoretical framework creates the lens through which we approached the following site investigations. These investigations were prompted by a set of key words distilled from the common ground within the above theory.
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Macau collaboration
testing theory on site
Collaborative workshop with Macanese students. The emphasis was on exploring transportation issues on site, creating connections and addressing flooding. Recognise the main axes of movement, to create better connections from the city to the waterfront. Provide
better access to public transportation and pedestrian friendly streetscapes. Acknowledge the impact of floods in Macau, to tackle the issue and promote a resilient future.
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views
Collaborative workshop with Macanese students in Macau University.
edge cultures
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ty
weaving
place testing theory on site
The genius-loci, or the sense of place, of the inner harbour of Macau is characterized by a fabric of woven cultures. Active interrelations between Macanese and Chinese communities make visible the diverse local culture. Traces of heritage are revealed through hapticity and texture – layers of pealed away signage
and buildings hint at the past. One is reminded of the presence of water through the surviving fishing industries but the very nature and roots of Macau as an archipelago, closely connected to the water, is no longer present.
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views ‘As a consequence of the constant production of traces, places become dynamic entities; they are in fluid states of transition as new traces react with existing or older ones to change the meaning and identity of the location’ (Anderson, 2015, pp. 7).
Weave water and culture to highlight the richness of the lost heritage.
Highlight the edges to understand relationships between the historic and current traces.
Connect current and old traces with the water’s edge to reveal the cultural heritage of Macau.
en etwe d in-b value
obscuring barrier
displace
testing theory on site
The overbearing presence and orientation of the city towards the casinos mutes connections to other sociocultural presences. A strong axis, solely connecting the casino giants and does not encourage people to experience the in-between – the culturally rich urban
textures of the Chinese, Macanese and Portuguese coexistence.
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views ‘The life that humans generate marks the image of the city, and the quality of public spaces is a unit of measure for the quality of life in a city’ (Bostenaru Dan, Crăciun, 2014, pp. 254).
Reveal in-between richness to create opportunities Acknowledge the separation and coexistence of the for interaction between the different cultures. different cultures.
Direct movement is forced by the strong axes which leading to the waterfront.
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(re) place testing theory on site
Extending and reshaping the Casino oriented axis and drawing people deeper into the in-between, capitalising on the existing movement of people across the city. Introducing a new rhythm, inspired by the historic Rua do Almirante arcades running parallel with the inner
harbour that creates breaks and invitations into other sociocultural worlds, other than that of the casino.
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views
Introduce a new rhythm to reinforce relationships between the different cultures.
Approach the in-between as a potential social landscape where the different cultures could meet.
Accentuate the richness of the in-between to reinforce sociocultural connections.
water as culture
water in
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nity
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urban textures testing theory on site
The rhythmic flow enables us to further explore the hidden cultural landscape of Macau. Aiming to uncover the heritage of Macau, this fluidity suggests in-andout movement towards the seafront and the city. The three cultures; Water, Chinese and Portuguese, keep
their own substance and orientation in the city but simultaneously intersect and interconnect. In such an instance, by appreciating their significance in the city, a fluid participatory rhythm that combines the characteristics of the three cultures can be composed.
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views ‘Urban texture as the product of the accumulation of various interventions (...) is the reflection process of continuously changing a framework of conditioning variables, such as numbers of users, types of relationship, segregation, social mixed, ethnic, religious, political and economic’ (Crăciun, Bostenaru Dan, pp.253).
Key nodes as meeting points where the different cultures become interwoven.
The water as the mechanism to connect and interrelate one culture with another.
The water becomes the vehicle to reveal cultural richness through the in-between landscape.
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weaving to conn ect
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weaving cultures testing theory on site
By analysing the different cultures and their substance in the city, we shape potential cultural intersections. This becomes an ongoing process which creates common ground and provides a variety of sociocultural activities. Therefore, the water becomes the key element for a
working participatory landscape. These processes, allow multiple interpretations of public spaces providing future opportunities for the people.
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views ‘Macau is one of the few places in the world where East meets West’ (1930s video).
Heritage hub as a meeting point for culture, tourists and locals.
Weave and (re)connect cultures to create common ground.
Extend in-and-out culture, movement and activities into water.
imposition of capitalist form
orders of Macau testing theory on site
A model exposing traditional (1889) and capitalist orders dominating the city of Macau. Capitalist order has taken control of and reconfigured the waters edge; muting the identity of the historic connections to the water. Placement of casino structures, connected via a
strong axis pierces the historic urban fabric with a fast flow of people, capital and services yet blocks the direct connection with the water.
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‘Utopia’s trace resides in the everyday life of the city, especially in those mundane activities of ordinary citizens that have somehow remained relatively free of the dual cancers of advertising and consumption’ (Betonart, 2017). Recognise a capitalist boundary and axes, connecting capitalist urban forms.
Looking back to look forward. Connect current traces to previous orders.
Traces are the memory and the repository of Macau’s distinct character.
opportunities within order The above exploration illustrated the east side of the street on site had lost its identity when capitalist orders constructed the pontes and residencies. The west side of the street has a poor character in comparison.
testing theory on site
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‘Capitalism takes and makes place around the globe, leaving traces that affect it’s identity’ (Anderson, 2015, pp.111).
Macau collaboration + Flows of movement + Proposed green landscape for pedestrian movement and flood defence
synopsis testing theory on site
place + Relationships between Macanese and Chinese communities + Traces of heritage (revealed through hapticity and textures) + Macau as an ‘Archipelago’ that connects Water and heritage roots of Macau
displace + Casinos mute connections to other sociocultural city aspects + Competing forces of cultural coexistence
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(re) place + Sociocultural rhythm + Extending and reshaping Macau’s muting force
urban textures + Water as culture + Weaving Water, Chinese and Portuguese cultures + Accentuating the presence of the Water + Revealing the cultural richness of the in-between + Muting the presence of casinos
weaving cultures orders of Macau + Exploring cultural intersections + Water as culture and part of a working landscape (Not an objectified scene) + Create common ground of activities
+ Capitalist orders + Capitalist order controls the water’s edge + Connection with water is lost
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challenges Having tested the site we generated new insights into the major challenges facing the Inner Harbour and its communities.
Site scale
Macau scale
challenges at two scales challenges
The very nature of the identified challenges are such that they manifest at varying scales both at a sensitive bodily experience and broader city/ international level. The inner harbour has really suffered as a consequence of land reclamation and river shrinkage – losing its
physical and cultural connection to the water and its significance as the historic port of Macau. The inner harbor site encapsulates and magnifies the extent of the challeneges that face the city as a whole.
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Xi Jiang River Shrinkage through reclamation of land and natural silting processes.
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Parallel Lives - Displaced disparate subcultures.
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Lost sense of place and connection to water.
river shrinkage challenges
Recent geomorphological processes and the influence of man on the landscape of Macau has compressed the Xi Jiang River bounding the Inner Harbour. Although land reclamation was used to promote and allow for the economic growth the city of Macau soon lost its visual and physical connections with the water - subsequently
cutting the roots and orientation of the city itself. The shrinking Xi Jiang River has caused major and potentially catastrophic effects on the Inner harbour. The reshaping of the surface of the region has extended under water. These combining factors cause rising water levels and major flooding.
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layers of land reclamation
Displaced Locals who relocate: who should have a connection to place but no longer do Macau social mapping
Everyday Narrative: A Macanese born architect and interior designer working in old town. She grew up here, within a community of native people - this relationship continues as she maintains her office space here. Since having a family, she has moved to east Macau where there are more nurseries. Values family relations and community networks Locals that stay local: have a strong connection to place Everyday Narrative: A Macanese born shop owner living and working in old town with her fisherman husband. Now both too old to work, often babysit their grandchildren or meet with friends at the local square to sing and people watch, sometimes go to the waters edge where there is a breeze. Values community and place. Transient visitors: who have no deep connection to place, but might want a connection Everyday Narrative: A British national travelling to Macau to see casinos and historic sites. Travelling with a few friends and no social activities or events found - no social ties are made in Macau. Values the opportunity to experience new cultures and sight-seeing. see appendix
parallel lives challenges
Interviews with people in Macau gave us an insight into the complex issues of living in a city of multiple cultural centres. By tracing information gained from the interviews on maps a series of parallel lives or subcultures are revealed; these subcultures converge
across the site at multiple localities. The tracings also reveal varying connectedness to place and values. Using our collective understanding of place and its rootedness in the everyday as the lens through which to analyse Macau.
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everyday routes of subcultures
sense of place challenges
Place has its roots and its history anchored in time. In the past, Macau Inner Harbour had strong connections with the water. This relation shaped its character and transformed Macau Inner Harbour into an active entity for many years. More recent economically driven
insensitive developments have formed a barrier between the historic Inner Harbour and the water resulting in a lost sense of place. This has lead to the Inner Harbour’s loss of meaning, character and significance for the city.
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implications of insensitive developments
resulting site conditions
field of opportunity challenges
Recognise water’s significance to remediate Macau’s character.
Recognise existing condition and the loss of the relationship.
Understand the current role of inbetween as a boundary and also as a space of opportunity.
Permeate the boundary with projections from the historic urban fabric.
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challenges
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identified nodes
historic and current day challenges
Exploration of the water’s edge conditions; in the past and the present. The historic edge revealed connections and opportunities.
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The current edge is unwelcome and fragmented. The amount of fences and the heavy industry offer an unpleasant environment and limited access to the water.
tracing activities challenges
Activities mapping, based on our observations, along the main street during daytime. Identify and highlight the more dense areas of activities, providing an opportunity to extend-out the rhythm into the waterfront. These areas become the key nodes where activities and
cultures begin to spread out in the city. This sociocultural rhythm, then, emphasises the water’s edge by weaving in-and-out activities, cultures and water.
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People sit and walk in the streets, activating People stand and walk in public squares the in-between character..
People play in the street. The street is transformed into a communal living room.
People sit, walk and wait in the car park.
Conditions on Historic Rua do Almirante Sergio
tracing water’s character challenges
Tracing - The act of making something visible, to reveal convergences and divergences.
The two drawings convey the character of the street scape, one of the historic and the other of the current waterfront. The convergences reveal that one retains its sense of place, character and social opportunities, the other lacking diversity and immediacy of contact, physical connection with the water.
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current water’s edge
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tracing water’s edge challenges
The existing water’s edge evokes a severe lack of immediacy of contact with the water. The current waterfront remains obscured by the Pontes. Water’s almost unseen presence veils its historic and cultural significance for Macau.
Historically the Water’s edge was where most of the activities would occur. The locals’ affiliation to the water is represented today by the scarce but present, (re) appropriation of this industrial space for social activities.
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everyday appropriation challenges
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strategic proposal The in depth investigations of major challenges at two scales revealed opportunities for strategy implementations.
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proposal outline strategic proposal This urban strategy is to benefit the Inner Harbour community - starting and ending with them. We recognise this group of people as one of three subcultures present on site. These subcultures are: Locals that stay local - who have a strong connection to place Locals that relocate - who should have a connection to place but do not. Distant (visitors) - who have no deep connection to place, but might want a connection.
Having traced the history of the site and areas of opportunity to find convergences for strategy implementations across the Inner Harbour we now propose to weave cultures with traced areas of opportunity to inform programmatic responses (that we will outline in the following chapter) that re orientate people towards the water and its inherent significance to Macau. With new connections established the Inner
Harbour extends out to the city of Macau as a place to connect with one’s own identity or another’s culture. The following chapter outlines sites and propositions for programmatic and place specific responses.
method
1 key gestures strategic proposal
trace past
Tracing as the method to reveal and connect the hidden cultures of Macau. It is the act of making something visible, to reveal convergences and divergences.
extend and connect
weave fabrics
built resilience
Sketches by Bob Brown
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Trace disparate subcultures that converge at the Inner Harbour and translate the opportunities in these convergences into programmatic responses. Subsequently connecting and revealing the true culture and identity of Macau as a collective of subcultures, before complete displacement. Re-trace a new cultural landscape weaving the Xi Jiang River with the historic waterside neighbourhood of the Inner Harbour. This process aims to revive the local’s affiliation with the Xi Jiang River and neighbourhoods lost connection to place. Node specific propositions emerge from the convergences of land, water culture and subcultures. Emerging propositions break the present water’s edge, creating more interface to integrate the water’s significant cultural presence.
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Harness existing everyday socio-spatial divergences observed and mapped on-site through designating adaptable places for informal appropriation; these places emerge from existing identified socio-spatial preferences and patterns and become catalysts to initiate action in common ground. By noting the visible social space, the non-existent social space is also revealed as sites of new possibilities. Development to be staged, responding to the ongoing process of shifting industry, releasing land and buildings ready for re-appropriation. Over time, this sensitive process will restore Macau’s sense of place and historic relationship in relation to Inner Harbour and Pearl River Delta.
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Introducing a strong, legible tidal presence to create an environment that can be easily read to restore neighbourhood resilience - removing reliance on external forces. The concept could be extended to other elements such as wind, rain & sun to form a neighbourhood observatory along the revived waters edge of the Inner Harbour. Provide structures and social spaces that could accommodate and cater for the invisible yet strong community networks that currently support various neighbourhood amenities such as the informal education and health care facilities. The provided structures must respond to and reveal the existing everyday appropriation of space witnessed on-site.
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gestures
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nodes’ components strategic proposal
a. Adjustable / reactive form and space that can react to the changing needs of the community b. Design to allow water in and around the propositions, as it is impossible to prevent the recurring floods c. Designate sacrificial ground that allows the water in at lower levels
d. Break boundaries between the waters edge and the historic inner harbour e. Project activities to connect people with place and reflect/ make visible cultural activities f. Include a series of social spaces that offer relief from the southern China climate
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a. e. f.
b. c.
visitors’ node strategic proposal
a. Adjustable / reactive form and space that can react to the changing needs of the community b. Design to allow water in and around the propositions, as it is impossible to prevent the recurring floods c. Designate sacrificial ground that allows the water in at lower levels
d. Break boundaries between the waters edge and the historic inner harbour e. Project activities to connect people with place and reflect/ make visible cultural activities f. Include a series of social spaces that offer relief from the southern China climate
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d.
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a. e. f.
a. e. f.
b. c.
visitor - local convergence node strategic proposal
a. Adjustable / reactive form and space that can react to the changing needs of the community b. Design to allow water in and around the propositions, as it is impossible to prevent the recurring floods c. Designate sacrificial ground that allows the water in at lower levels
d. Break boundaries between the waters edge and the historic inner harbour e. Project activities to connect people with place and reflect/ make visible cultural activities f. Include a series of social spaces that offer relief from the southern China climate
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d.
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a. e. f.
a. e. f.
b. c.
locals’ node strategic proposal
a. Adjustable / reactive form and space that can react to the changing needs of the community b. Design to allow water in and around the propositions, as it is impossible to prevent the recurring floods c. Designate sacrificial ground that allows the water in at lower levels
d. Break boundaries between the waters edge and the historic inner harbour e. Project activities to connect people with place and reflect/ make visible cultural activities f. Include a series of social spaces that offer relief from the southern China climate
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d.
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a. e. f.
illustration by AREA practice Amphibia, aspires to respond to the contexts’ historic dual nature, ‘adapt to both land and water.’ However, it is not purely limited to its physical expression, it also aspires to accentuate people’s individual voices, allowing them to immerse in a dialogue, participate and understand each other. The above seeks to generate ‘new amphibious lifestyles,’ adjustable to continuously shifting social, cultural and economic conditions. AREA introduce a collective community platform, an ‘Info Point’ becoming a first and central stage to the project’s development and evolution, where people and ideas come together. People are invited to take control of their neighbourhood’s development.
community inspired precedent Practice: AREA (Architecture Research Athens) Area: Azenha do Mar fishing village, Portugal Author Unknown, 2015. ‘AREA Architecture research Athens, AMPHIBIA’, Divisare Journal, [online] <https://divisare.com/projects/305802-area-architecture-researchathens-amphibia-e13>, [accessed on 17.11.2017].
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application to strategy In tangent to the above, a natural evolution of place is embraced. A community hub becomes the central point for exchange of knowledge and ideas, a shared network between different people. Diverse people and cultures, are invited to understand each other, and
adapt collectively to new conditions, become less rigid and more adaptable, amphibious. Restore and embrace resilience for the future. Our project grows and prospers gradually, gaining a shared platform where the three subcultures meet.
strategic proposal
Images by Searle Waldron Architects Searle Waldron Architecture firm proposes new waterfront structures and city connections which create an interface between the city and the river. They attempt to reconnect the waterfront to its identity as a port. Searle Waldron Architecture, â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Oporto River Edge, Riverfont Urban Designâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. [online] < http://www.sxwa.com.au/filter/Urban/OPORTO-RIVER-EDGE>, [accessed on 22.11.2017].
public space precedent Practice: Searle Waldron Architecture Area: Oporto river edge, Portugal
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application to strategy The proposal aims to create a more liveable place where people interact. Interconnected floating platforms mediate between the water’s edge and the city. A variety of cultural, recreational and leisure activities enhance the ‘loss’ character of the city. Sequence of connected
open public spaces reinforce the connection between the city and the waterfront. Our project, through series of public spaces, introduces new opportunities for people to interact, reconnecting back to the waterfront.
strategic proposal
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Highlight historic edge of Macau.
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Reclamation and extension of land. New industries are developing along the waterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s edge.
urban strategy phasing strategic proposal
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Industries are expanding. Casino and high residential developments appear.
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Recognise perpendicular axes of movement to Rua do Almirant.
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Reflect sociocultural fabric to re-orientate people towards the water through a series of temporary floating piers.
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Connect spaces of opportunity through pedestrian routes of movement.
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Casino supports first built response around the visitor node.
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Through collaboration with Inner Harbour residents, profit from casino development reinvested in visitor-local convergence node.
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Profit from visitor-local node invested in neighbourhood amenities at local node.
Recognise potential social spaces to extend connections between culture and water. Introduce a water taxi system which is supported by the casino.
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Appropriation of social spaces through cultural activities and physical blurring of boundaries between land and water.
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Appropriation of abandoned pontes as industry shifts. Connections cross Xi Jiang River to Zhuhai.
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phasing timeline strategic proposal
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environmental strategy Incorporate immediate environmental responses reflecting the sites vulnerability and affiliation towards the water.
Images by Don Vaughan Architect Marking High Tide was created as a visual terminus to Pacific Boulevard before it turns to the east through Concord Pacific Palace and past David Lam Park. It is at the water edge next to the Seawall Walk and becomes an interesting feature as the tide nears its high water mark. Visitors often stop to watch as the tide comes in and meets one of the stepped concrete blocks. At the moment it crests over the block it creates a square ripple of water that quickly culminates at the centre with a tiny splash.
tidal presence precedent Architect: Don Vaughan Area: David Lam Park, Vancouver, B.C. Don Vaughan, 2012. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Marking High Tideâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. [online] <https://donvaughan. wordpress.com/landscape-architecture/fountains-and-water-features/thehightide-pavilion/ >, [accessed on 18.11.2017].
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Tide Traces: Introduce series of water pockets. Allow naturally the water to retrace the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s edge. Connect build form and people with the waterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s edge The Inner Harbour was hardest hit by the recent Typhoon Hato. No warning from the Observatory was given for the expected tidal surges and flooding resulting in the loss of twelve lives. Introducing a strong, legible tidal presence creates an environment that can be easily read and restores neighbourhood resilience - this
removes reliance on external forces. The concept could be extended to other elements such as wind, rain & sun to form a neighbourhood observatory along the revived waters edge of the Inner Harbour. This proposal could draw on the knowledge of the resident Inner Harbour fishermen who understand the waters.
application to strategy strategic proposal
Images by Bjarke Ingels Architect Create an environmentally resilient urban strategy, without removing the contact with the water. BIG proposed ‘a string of pearls’ of public spaces and social amenities tailored to the diverse communities on site. BIG have immersed in a participatory approach, undertaking community workshops and meetings to progress the project. The Big U forms a series of smaller flood defence systems, steadily building overtime in order to provide optimum flood protection. The flood protection system does not depend pushing the water out, rather accepting its presence and risk and planning the use of the buildings and spaces around it. BIG proposed a sacrificial ground, by moving the living spaces on 1st storey and above. Lastly, the project is immediate, utilising existing infrastructure tailors the programme and use of the waterfront buildings to provide environmental as much as social resilience.
sacrificial ground precedent
Practice: Bjarke Ingels Area: Manhattan, New York Bjarke Ingels, 2014. ‘The Big U,’ Rebuild by Design. [online] < http://www. rebuildbydesign.org/>, [accessed on 22.11.2017].
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Sociocultural Amenities: Water pockets offer the opportunity for different themed activities to surround them. Sequence of public spaces with ephemeral activities reconnect the cultures. The project addresses environmental issues in a series of smaller gestures. These gestures include social amenities, adaptable programmes, the re-purpose of existing infrastructure as much as community involvement in decisions about the shared waterfront.
The project becomes instantaneous offering small solutions which aspire to multiply and grow overtime to create stronger flood defence systems. A system designed to be built incrementally.
application to strategy strategic proposal
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references and appendix
references
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Brown, Robert, and Clark, Patrick, 2010. ‘Performance and Palimpsest. Reconstructing National Identity in the Landscape of Riga, Latvia.’ Plymouth: School of Architecture, Design and Environment, University of Plymouth. Certeau, De Michel 1984. The Practice of Everyday Life, Volume 1. Translated by Steven Rendall. London/ Berkeley: University of California Press. Corner, James, (ed) 1999. Recovering Landscape, Essays in Contemporary Landscape Architecture. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. Dovey, Kim, 1999. Framing Places Mediating Power in Built Form. London: Routledge. Hall, Stuart, and Gay, Paul, (ed), 1996. Questions of Cultural Identity. London: Sage Publications. Hester, Randolph T. 1993. ‘Sacred Structures and Everyday Life: A Return to Manteo, North Carolina.’ In Dwelling, Seeing and Designing: Toward a Phenomenological Ecology, edited by David Seamon, Albany: State University of New York, pp. 271-297. John Anderson, Understanding Cultural Geography: Places and Traces, Routledge, 2015 Lovell, N., 1998. Locality and Belonging. London and New York: Routledge Michail Bakhtin, Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics, Theory and History of Literature, vol.8, University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis, London, 1984
Relph, Edward, 1976. Place and Placelessness. London: Pion Limited. Relph, Edward, 1993. ‘Modernity and the Reclamation of Place’. In Dwelling, Seeing and Designing: Toward a Phenomenological Ecology, edited by David Seamon, Albany: State University of New York, pp. 25-40. Relph, E., Place and Placelessness, London: Pion Limited, 1976 Lovell, N., 1998. Locality and Belonging. London and New York: Routledge Tuan, Yi-Fu, 1977. Space and Place The Perspective of Experience. London: Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd. Westwood, Sallie, Williams, John, 1997. Imagining Cities: Scripts, Signs, Memory. London/New York: Routledge. Images All images are created by the autors except for the following: Author Unknown, 2015. ‘AREA Architecture research Athens, AMPHIBIA’, Divisare Journal, [online] <https:// divisare.com/projects/305802-area-architecture-researchathens-amphibia-e13>, [accessed on 17.11.2017]. Brown, Bob, Plymouth University, November 2017. Bjarke Ingels, 2014. ‘The Big U,’ Rebuild by Design. [online] < http://www.rebuildbydesign.org/>, [accessed on 22.11.2017].
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(re) tracing edges | Macau 2017-18
Literature
Wall
Wall
Wall
Inner Harbour Macau physical traces
Wall tiles
Steel
Pavement
Wall
site traces
â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;In more detail, places are constituted by imbroglios of traces. Traces are marks, residues, or remnants left in place by cultural life. Traces are most commonly considered as material in nature, but they can also be non-materialâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; (Anderson, 2015, pp. 6).
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(re) tracing edges | Macau 2017-18
Wall
Wall
Wall
Floor
Floor
Wall
Wall
Inhabited urban fabric
Floor
site traces Inner Harbour Macau photographic analysis
89
(re) tracing edges | Macau 2017-18 Sequential images of video mapping on Rua do Almirante
mapping social networks
91
(re) tracing edges | Macau 2017-18
process model 1 strategic proposal
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(re) tracing edges | Macau 2017-18
views
Temporary floating structures provide opportunities for cultural activities.
Extend axis of movement towards the water.
Reflect sociocultural fabric to the water through temporary floating structures.
process model 2 strategic proposal
95
(re) tracing edges | Macau 2017-18
views
Node of convergence (visitor-local convergence node)
Movement along the waterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s edge and introduction of water taxi sytem.
Community expansion towards the water.