2010 Milwaukee County Zoo Annual Report by Zoological Society of Milwaukee

Milwaukee County Zoo Annual Report 2010

Vision The Milwaukee County Zoo will be a zoo of renown with a reputation as a leader in animal management, conservation, research and education within a wholesome recreational environment enjoying the admiration of the citizens of Milwaukee County as well as all zoo guests and other zoos of the world.

Mission Statement The Milwaukee County Zoo will inspire public understanding, support and participation in global conservation of animal species and their environment by creating a unifying bond between our visitors and the living earth and provide an environment for personal renewal and enjoyment for our guests by: • Contributing to world wide animal management, conservation and research efforts; • Fostering sound physical, psychological and social development for the animal groups in our care • Sharing our knowledge with the intent to reinforce the human-animal-earth bond; • Improving the quality of our professional development, administration and operating environment; • Striving for the financial self-sufficiency of the organization; • Continuing the public-private partnership with the Zoological Society of Milwaukee County

Table of Contents Address from the County Executive...............................................1 Letter from the Director.................................................................2 Milwaukee County Zoo History.....................................................3 Special Exhibits...............................................................................7 Animal Management and Health Division....................................8 Administration and Finance.........................................................24 Public Affairs and Services...........................................................26 Operations....................................................................................29 Operating Expenses......................................................................31 The Milwaukee County Zoo and the Zoological Society.............34 County Executive and Board of Supervisors...............................37 Bactrian camel youngster, Furlow.

Dear Friends, The year 2010 marked the return of one of the most popular Zoo special exhibits: Dinosaurs! “Adventure Dinosaur,” sponsored by Lowe’s, ran May 29 through September 6, and once again proved to be a huge attraction for children of all ages. In addition to the returning favorites like the T. rex, the exhibit also added several new species, and educated visitors about these dynamic animals and the prehistoric periods in which they lived. The Zoo’s animal collection welcomed two orphaned moose from Alaska, Robin and Bella. Making their exhibit debut in 2010, these youngsters are crowd favorites, and can be seen running and jumping in their outdoor North American Yard. Also in the animal collection, the Zoo celebrated a first birthday for the Amur tiger cubs, Tula and Nuri. Now on regular indoor exhibit, the cubs can be seen romping and playing with their mother, Amba, in the Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country. Rounding out the year, Oceans of Fun welcomed a female sea lion pup, Sequoia. The pup was making regular appearances in the daily shows by summer’s end, delighting audiences. The future of the Zoo remains bright, as animal projects move forward. The Zoo has initiated construction of a new outdoor Bonobo Exhibit, allowing these highly endangered great apes to enjoy lofted areas in the forest, recreating their lives in the wild. This outdoor public area will feature 500 feet of elevated passageways for the animals. The Zoo continued its “green” efforts in 2010 with the addition of solar panels to the admission gates generating enough power to the admission booths during peak hours. I would like to thank the staff for their continued support. Your loyalty and hard work help the Zoo to prosper, continuing to draw more than 1.2 million visitors each year.

“The Language of Conservation” Exhibit at Wolf Woods.

I would also like to recognize the successful working relationship between the Zoo and the Zoological Society of Milwaukee. This public-private partnership helps foster many of the Zoo’s initiatives and projects undertaken each year.

Scott Walker Milwaukee County Executive (through 12.20.10)

Milwaukee County Zoo

Letter from the Director July 2010 For the Milwaukee County Zoo, 2010 was marked by new animal additions, significant conservation projects and the return of one of our most popular special exhibits – dinosaurs! Significant additions to the animal collection included the birth of a Matschie’s tree kangaroo in July and two bonobo births: one in February, the second in November. With the addition of an infant bonobo, this brings the total number of individuals in our troop to 17, making it one of the largest captive populations in North America. Our staff diligently continues conservation work on behalf of these highly endangered primates. Also of importance concerning the bonobos, the Zoo began initial construction on a new outdoor Bonobo Exhibit which will closely replicate the Congo habitat from which these animals originate. Further details are included in the “2010 Highlights” section. The exhibit is slated to open in the spring of 2011. A permanent poetry exhibit also was unveiled during 2010. Combining the beauty of poetry with the importance of conservation, “The Language of Conservation,” includes more than 50 poetry vignettes creatively displayed throughout the Zoo. This unique exhibit serves as a creative addition to the overall visitor experience. Proudly, the Zoo was the recipient of several awards during the year: the Lamplighter Award from VISIT Milwaukee; the Diversity Achievers Award from the Milwaukee County Council Boy Scouts of America; and the Public/Private Cooperation Award from the Public Policy Forum. We are grateful to all of our partners for recognizing the Zoo in such an honorable light. Several conservation projects were initiated during the year, including: the addition of solar panels to both the drive-in admission gates and the Lakeview Place restaurant; the construction of rain gardens; and installation of pavers in select areas throughout the grounds. More specific information regarding these projects is included in this year’s report. We once again extend a thank you to the County Executive, the County Board and the Zoological Society and their partners for their continued support. A number of our initiatives, renovations and special exhibits are possible because of their assistance. Please read on as each Division shares highlights from the year.

Charles Wikenhauser Director

Milwaukee County Zoo

The Milwaukee County Zoo Home to more than 2,280 mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles, we are proud our zoological park continues to be recognized as one of the finest in the country. Our history at a glance: The Milwaukee County Zoo (MCZ) started as a miniature mammal and 2003 Completion of Animal Health Center Initiated design phase of renovation to the Feline Building; animals relocated bird display in Milwaukee’s downtown Began initial renovations to the Stackner Heritage Farm and construction of the Washington Park Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center Mid 1890s The Zoological Society was founded, lending financial support to the 2004 Completion of the Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center Zoo; Society helps to promote MCZ by capital fundraising campaigns Began demolition and finalized designs for Northwestern Mutual Family Farm for building renovations and other new exhibits Continued construction of the new $7.2 million Florence Mila Borchert The mission of the Society is to support the Zoo, educate visitors on Big Cat Country the importance of wildlife and the environment and to conserve endangered species Completion of the Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country

1892

1902

MCZ expanded to 23 acres; now home to 800 animals

1934

MCZ became an entity of the Milwaukee County Park Commission, which helped provide resources to expand the Zoo

1958

MCZ moved to its present location on 200 acres of park land

Late 1960s Completion of: the Primate Building, Monkey Island, Winter Quarters, Polar and Brown Bear Dens and the Feline, Pachyderm, Giraffe, Bird, Small Mammal, Aquarium & Reptile and Australian Buildings

1970s MCZ added the Children’s Zoo, Train Shed and Zoo Hospital The Dall Sheep Exhibit, the Gift Shop and Zoo Pride also were established

1980s Initiated MCZ Master Plan

2006 Completion of the MillerCoors Giraffe Experience

Began initial design phase of new U.S. Bank Gathering Place; scheduled to open in 2008 Began design of a new Flamingo Exhibit

2007 Began construction for the new U.S. Bank Gathering Place; opening in 2008

2008 Completion of the U.S. Bank Gathering Place

Early 1990s An extensive renovation of the Aviary, construction of the new Apes of Africa and the renovation of the Primates of the World

1995

Renovation of the Aquarium & Reptile Center; renamed the Aquatic & Reptile Center

1998

Remodeling of the Small Mammals Building

1999

Initiated a $28 million capital improvement plan Represents a significant partnership venture between the Zoo, Milwaukee County and the Zoological Society

Renovation and modernization of Lakeview Place restaurant Redesign of the Ice Cream Palace and Karibu Gift Shop Groundbreaking for the new Animal Health Center Major renovation (both indoor and outdoor quarters) to our landmark exhibit, Monkey Island; re-named Macaque Island

Completion of the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm Completion of the redesign and renovotion of the Safari Train Station Began initial design and renovation phase of the Giraffe Exhibit; groundbreaking occurred in summer of 2005

Completion of: Wolf Woods, underwater viewing in the Polar Bear and Sea Lion Exhibits, Oceans of Fun, the Dairy Complex, Humboldt Penguins and the Peck Welcome Center

2002

2005

Broke ground and began construction of the Idabel Wilmot Flamingo Exhibit and Overlook; opening in 2008 Completion of the Idabel Wilmot Borchert Flamingo Exhibit and Overlook Began conceptual design for new Hippo Exhibit and service areas Received accreditation by the AZA’s independent Accreditation Commission; hosted the 2008 Annual Conference

2009 Completion of the Dohmen Family Foundation Hippo Home

Completion of the planning for the Underwater Hippo Viewing Exhibit Completed renovation of the Taylor Family Humboldt Penguin Exhibit Began upgrades for storm water management program Hosted the 8th Annual Great Lakes Bat Festival

2010 Design completion of outdoor Bonobo Exhibit

Completion of indoor Bonobo Exhibit renovations Completion of extensive animal enclosure upgrades in Primates/Apes Completion of indoor and outdoor Hippo Exhibit modifications Installed solar panels at admission gates Installed permanent exhibit, “The Language of Conservation” throughout Zoo

Milwaukee County Zoo

2010 Highlights As previously mentioned, the major highlights of 2010 included: the installation of a new permanent exhibit, “The Language of Conservation,” throughout the Zoo grounds; the design completion of a new outdoor Bonobo Exhibit; and the installation of solar panels at all of the Zoo’s drive-in admission gates. In addition, the Zoo hosted a lecture by noted conservationist and founder of the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation, Dr. Willie Smits; received a diversity award from the Milwaukee County Council, Boy Scouts of America; and celebrated a special first birthday for our female Amur tiger cubs, Tula and Nuri. Listed here are some of these highlights and accomplishments in greater detail:

The Language of Conservation Exhibit

Outdoor Bonobo Exhibit Also in 2010, the initial design phase got underway for a new outdoor Bonobo Exhibit for our highly endangered bonobo troop. The exhibit will bring our bonobo troop outside to explore 400 feet of elevated mesh passageways coursing through the forest adjacent to the Stearns Family Apes of Africa Building. Some of the passageways will allow the public to view the bonobos at eye level, with the visitors standing on a large observation deck at the edge of the forest. Bonobos also can play in lofts and towers that will be constructed up into the trees, both in and out of the public view. This recreation simulates how these animals would appear to us in their natural habitat in Congo.

In the summer of 2010, the Zoo unveiled a permanent poetry installation of more than 50 poems, creatively displayed throughout the park and the animal exhibits, as a way to blend the beauty of poetry with the importance of conservation.

Interactive graphics will be displayed at the indoor Bonobo Exhibit, including a museum-style diorama exhibit featuring the work of Dr. Gay E. Reinartz, Zoological Society Conservation Coordinator. She has spent the past 13 years helping bonobos and people who share their habitat in Congo.

The Zoo partnered with the Milwaukee Public Library, as one of only five zoos and four libraries in the country chosen to participate in the exhibit. Longtime published poet, essayist and college professor, Pattiann Rogers, was asked to serve as the Zoo’s poet-in-residence and select the poetry to be displayed. An excerpt from one of Rogers’ poems, “Animals and People: ‘The Human Heart in Conflict with Itself,’” is featured in the exhibit.

In 2010, the bonobos’ indoor exhibit was renovated with new climbing trees and “vines,” which give the animals more climbing space. Behind-the-scenes access areas for the zookeepers and researchers also were improved.

The poems, or excerpts from poems, are on display and incorporated in a variety of ways: added to walls and exhibit glass, carved into rocks and projected with light displays. The poetry was specially selected by Rogers to complement the animals and habitats in the area it’s featured. For instance, an excerpt from a poem highlighting wolves is carved into a totem pole near the Wolf Woods Exhibit, and visitors can see it as they stroll the boardwalk near the wolves’ outdoor habitat. The exhibit was made possible with the support of a National Leadership Grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Bonobo Exhibit construction.

MCZ Receives Awards The Zoo was a proud recipient of a Diversity Achievers Award from the Milwaukee County Council, Boy Scouts of America. This award is presented to a corporation, individual and a community partner that best exemplify the values of scouting while endeavoring to raise the levels of diversity awareness within the Milwaukee community. The award presentation noted that our Zoo hosts a special event, Conservation Weekend, annually in June. For the past 24 years, more than 1,000 Scouts from all over Milwaukee County and Southeastern Wisconsin descend on the park and bring Scouting to life for visitors to the Zoo. Each year, this event brings busloads of central city Cub Scouts to the Zoo for animal conservation, Pinewood Derby races and Cubmobile competitions. Also noted, the Milwaukee County Council is grateful for the unique opportunity that the partnership with the Zoo has allowed us throughout the years.

Solar Panels and “Green” Initiatives

Every May, VISIT Milwaukee (the Convention and Visitors Bureau/Milwaukee) holds its annual meeting to coincide with National Tourism Week. During this meeting, the organization presents the Lamplighter Award to an outstanding individual or organization whose efforts and continuing contributions to the tourism and hospitality industry have strengthened Milwaukee’s image nationally and internationally, and contributed to its appeal as a visitor destination.

Solar panels at Zoo admission booths.

In a continuing effort to implement capital projects which reflect our core mission of conservation, in 2010 the Zoo installed “green” solar panels to all seven of its admission booths located at the main drive-in entrance. This major solar project will generate 10 kilowatts of power, sufficient for powering the normal operations of the booths in peak traffic hours. In addition, the project allows the Zoo to participate in the power company’s buy-back program during non-peak traffic hours. The Zoo has been planning a number of green capital projects since 2007. A Green Committee, comprised of personnel from all Zoo Divisions, also has undertaken a variety of conservation-minded practices for the past several years. Some of the committee’s recycling efforts include cell phones, printer cartridges, paper, cardboard, aluminum cans, light bulbs, food and motor oils, coffee grinds and scrap metals, to mention a few. The Zoo’s energy savings program of upgraded electrical, natural gas, water and sewer infrastructure continues to produce savings in utilities.

In 2010, our Zoo was one of the proud recipients of the Lamplighter Award, and it was presented during the meeting, held at the Zoo’s Peck Welcome Center. The Zoo also received an honorable mention from the Public Policy Forum in 2010 for our private-public partnership with the Zoological Society. The Public Policy Forum is a Milwaukee-based nonpartisan research organization focusing on regional issues. The “Salute to Local Government” awards were given to three honorable mention award winners, including the Zoo. The award recognizes the successful partnership between the Zoo and the Zoological Society of Milwaukee in the “Private-Public Cooperation Category.” Milwaukee County Zoo

Other Highlights Also during the year, the Zoo hosted a special lecture by the founder of the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation, Dr. Willie Smits. The lecture focused on the dire situation currently facing orangutans in Indonesia, and the future outlook for these highly endangered animals. It also touched upon the link with climate issues, and how orangutan protection and preventing forest destruction may actually come to be the most effective and cost efficient way to slow climate change. Dr. Smits is an inventor inspired by the rainforest, who has revolutionized reforestation techniques and policies worldwide. He is also the world’s most prominent protector of orangutans and their natural habitat. The Zoo continued to host temporary exhibits and special events throughout 2010. The year’s events included our summer exhibit, Adventure Dinosaur, sponsored by Lowe’s, and the unveiling of our new permanent poetry exhibit, The Language of Conservation. Our popular Amur tiger cubs,Tula and Nuri, celebrated their first birthday in July, much to the delight of our visitors. The cubs continue to do well, and have become a favorite of staff and patrons alike. The special event and attraction lineup included: MillerCoor’s Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, Penzeys Spices’ Carousel, PNC’s Zoomobile, a 25-minute guided motor vehicle tour – this year featuring new trams, Behind the Scenes Weekend, sponsored by Tri City National Bank, Party for the Planet, sponsored by American Transmission Company and Family Farm Weekend sponsored by GG Golden Guernsey Dairy® & Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board. 6

Milwaukee County Zoo

Orangutan.

2010 Special Exhibit Adventure Dinosaur Sponsored by Lowe’s After a four-year hiatus, the dinosaurs were back with a roar, as Adventure Dinosaur, sponsored by Lowe’s, was featured as the Zoo’s summer exhibit. Located outdoors, behind the Small Mammal Building, the crowd-favorite touring exhibit of robotic dinosaurs was displayed May 27 through September 6. This dynamic exhibit recreated a prehistoric land featuring 29 life-size dinosaurs, moving and rumbling in their outdoor habitat. Returning favorites included: the two-story tall Tyrannosaurus rex with its child and nest of babies, the saliva-spitting Dilophosaurus and the alligator-jawed Baronyx. Eight new inhabitants were welcomed this year, making it even more difficult to believe dinosaurs were extinct! Billings Productions in McKinney, Texas created the dinosaur models. Billings has been making robotic dinosaurs since 2003 to educate the public about prehistoric life. “There are over 300 different species of dinosaurs (that we know about!), spanning a time frame of 165 million years. If you consider modern humans have been living for an estimated 200,000 years, dinosaurs lived in a time span 825 times greater than our own,” said Trey Billings, vice president of operations for Billings Productions. Once visitors followed the T. rex footprints into the prehistoric park, kids were able to uncover a Deinonychus skeleton in the Dino Dig Box, as part of the exhibit’s interactive components. The exhibit was made possible with support from Lowe’s and the Milwaukee County Zoo. Exhibit cost was $2.50 per person after regular Zoo admission.

Adventure Dinosaur sponsored by Lowe’s.

Milwaukee County Zoo

2010 Animal Management and Health Division Overview The year 2010 included changes and additions to our existing animal collection, the continuation and expansion of our conservation and research initiatives and major renovations and upgrades of animal facilities.

Out on Loan:

Animal Division Our Zoo is an accredited member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), the premiere association of zoological institutions in North America with unequaled standards for animal care and management. Many of the transfers and the breeding of animals described below are in accordance with AZA programs including Species Survival Plans ® (SSPs), Taxon Advisory Groups (TAGs), and Population Management Programs (PMPs). The Animal Division Collections serve to enhance visitors’ knowledge and appreciation of animals, and to contribute to animal species conservation. Our front-line animal care staff devotes more than 100,000 hours each year toward the care of our animals. On December 31, 2010, the Milwaukee County Zoo animal collection on Zoo grounds included 2,283 animals representing 333 species, as listed below:

Species

Specimens

Mammals

400

Birds

322

Reptiles

128

Amphibians Fish Invertebrates

TOTAL

Species

Specimens

Mammals

Collections

On Zoo Grounds

The animal collection owned by our Zoo and out on loan to other zoological institutions included 67 animals representing 32 species, as listed below:

101

761

653

333

2,283

Birds

Reptiles

Amphibians

Fish

Invertebrates

TOTAL

With such a large and diverse animal collection, there are a significant number of births, transfers and deaths every year. In general, due to the level of husbandry and veterinary care, the life expectancy of animals at our Zoo may greatly exceed the life expectancy of animals in the wild. These life expectancies vary dramatically with the species – small rodents are old after one or two years, while swans can live for decades. Female lions are ancient when 20 years of age, but our giant Amazon River turtle may be 100 years old. Animals also are subject to the same types of health conditions as humans, and these may result in earlier deaths. The animal staff devotes much thought and time toward enriching the lives of the Zoo animals. They provide mental and physical stimulation to the animals by varying their social structure, mixing compatible species together, varying their habitats, offering interesting scents, providing manipulation devices, engaging them in positive reinforcement training, offering food treats for foraging opportunities and supplying toys and problem-solving reward devices.

Aquatic and Reptile Center Long-term conservation programs for rock iguanas, Butler’s garter snake, Lake Victoria cichlids and Wisconsin’s endangered starhead topminnow and ornate box turtle continued this year. 8

Milwaukee County Zoo

There were multiple changes in the animal collection this year, with lizards, snakes, turtles, fish and invertebrates coming in and out of the Center. Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia, a disease of freshwater fish, has arrived in Wisconsin. In order to prevent its transmission to our fishes in our exhibit, extraordinary procedures must be followed to acquire and quarantine fishes destined for the Lake Wisconsin Exhibit. This exhibit is one of our most popular, as it houses trophy-sized game fishes that stir the imaginations of avid fishermen.

Aviary The Aviary had a very successful year regarding its breeding programs. Two new species at the Aviary, Taveta golden weavers and white-cheeked bulbuls, were introduced and immediately started producing chicks. We also continue to breed hooded mergansers, Inca terns, our PMP (Population Management Plan ) managed species: red-billed hornbills, Abdim’s storks, boat-billed herons, green-naped pheasant pigeons, blue-crowned mot mot, and our SSP (Species Survival Plan) species: the Humboldt penguins, Waldrapp ibis, and Micronesian kingfisher. Most of these offspring were sent to other AZA institutions to continue in breeding programs, but many, like the hand-raised male kingfisher, the pheasant pigeon and most of the birds in the East Flight Exhibit, are still here to enjoy. In addition to the weavers and bulbuls, we paired our emu, marbled teal and bearded barbets with new birds this year, and also received a new pair of sunbitterns and king vultures, all of which will hopefully reproduce in the future. We also added some birds from the rehabilitation community, including a green heron (blind in one eye) for our East Flight Exhibit and a sandhill crane (with a wing injury) into our Elk Yard. The Aviary continued to support in situ conservation efforts again in 2010, sending a zookeeper to Michigan to aid in the Great Lakes Piping Plover Recovery Program. The Zoo has participated in this program since 1996.

Large Mammals The Large Mammal Sections of the Zoo include: Big Cat Country, North American/Australian, Pachyderms/Giraffe, and African/South American Hoofstock/Camel areas. In all of these areas, the staff continued to manage an extensive animal training program using positive reinforcement, so the animals willingly volunteer to participate in animal care procedures, health exams and sample collections. The program enhances the animals’ care and quality of life. The biological samples collected in stress-free conditions serve as a basis for reproductive, veterinary and husbandry research programs.

North American/Australia New acquisitions in 2010 included the births of three red kangaroo joeys, the arrival of two cow elk, and the additions of a female badger, Tink, from the Henry Doorly Zoo in Omaha, a female emu to be paired with our male, and a sandhill crane, a protected species, here on loan from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Dispositions included polar bear, Zero, to the Seneca Park Zoo in Rochester, New York in January. His move was in compliance with the Polar Bear SSP’s breeding recommendations. Hopefully Zero will sire several offspring while in New York. We also sent two female red kangaroos, born in 2009, to the Detroit Zoo to augment their mob. Unfortunately, we also had animal losses during the year. The brief description here cannot adequately convey the tremendous efforts of the animal care and veterinary staffs that were required to care for these animals, some of whom have been with us their entire lives. We said goodbye to several longtime residents at the Zoo. In January our old brown bear, Jane, died at the age of 32. She tied the longevity record for a brown bear here at the Milwaukee County Zoo. In April we lost our old male moose, Clifford. He was 13, and the longest-lived moose at the Zoo. September saw the passing of two of our caribou, Larry and Young Mother. Both were in their declining years. And finally, due to age related complications, we humanely euthanized our 20-year-old elk cow, Laurie. All of them were popular animals and will be missed. In other related news, thanks to our annual appeal, several additions and modifications were added to our Polar Bear and Seal Exhibits. For our polar bear, Snow Lilly, these include a sand area for digging, and an underwater shelf in the pool for relaxing in the water without having to swim. Our two harbor seals, Ringo and Sydney, also had modifications made to their pool. These modifications included artificial kelp and a concrete ramp from the landing area to the island near the pool center. This enables the seals to have more room and easier access to lie in the sun and a larger area for the keepers to train the seals. In addition, the staff was involved with a couple of research studies during the year. The first was researching potential contraceptives in Dall’s sheep and the second was tracking the reproductive cycle of female polar bears. Overall, it was another busy year for the North American staff.

Milwaukee County Zoo

African & South American Hoofstock/Camels

Big Cat Country The Milwaukee County Zoo has breeding recommendations from AZA for both African lions and jaguars. In July 2009, two healthy female cubs, Tula and Nuri, were born to Amba, our Amur tiger. They are now beginning to act more like adult tigers than cubs, so we will need to find homes for them in the near future due to the limitations of our holding facilities. The available holding space will be needed if our attempts to breed jaguars are successful. Our African lions, Themba and Sanura, have gained valuable breeding experience during 2010. We hope they will prove to be successful breeders in 2011. One of the Zoo’s snow leopards, Boris, is now 18 years old, which is very old for a snow leopard. He is now showing the signs of his advanced age.

Pachyderms/Giraffe Positive reinforcement training continues to progress for all of the animals at Pachyderms, including the elephants, giraffe, rhinos, Asiatic black bear, bongo, Malayan tapir, and hippos. Much effort has been focused on the newly arrived male hippo, Happy, to help him adjust to his new home. We will be doing in-house endocrinology to help ensure that Happy will not impregnate our two older females, Patti and Puddles.

Male Bactrian camel, Furlow, was born in 2010.

A Malayan tapir, Maggie, arrived from the Denver Zoo. She was actually born at our Zoo in 1981. We had three breedings from our wild-caught pair of black rhinos, Brewster and Mimi. Her endocrinology assay showed that she was not pregnant. Further introductions will occur in 2011. The Zoo hosted our first annual Elephant Awareness Day this year, which was a great success.

Milwaukee County Zoo

The animal collection in this area was considerably modified in 2010, and included the births of three impalas - Blynn, Sondra and Amy, a male Bactrian camel, Furlow, and a male alpaca, Enrique. We also received an adult breeding male impala, Riccolini, from the Dallas Zoo and a pair of king vultures, Yeti and Gilbert, from the Honolulu Zoo and the World Bird Sanctuary. There were five deaths in our collection: two were humanely euthanized — a female Bactrian camel, Rachel, due to an untreatable arthritic condition; and a male Speke’s gazelle, Benny, due to a progressive neurological disease. The other deaths were from natural causes: Peanut, a red-footed tortoise; and the king vulture, King Tut (both 38 years old) and Izzy, a male Speke’s gazelle. Female impala Cassia was born in November 2009 to first-time mother, Nutmeg, who didn’t allow her to nurse. She was taken to the Animal Health Center for hand-rearing and was returned to the impala herd seven weeks later while still receiving four bottles a day. The veterinary staff, zookeepers and night keepers worked together to ensure that she would come to keepers for her bottle feedings while remaining with the herd. Cassia was completely integrated into our impala herd, with little sign of human imprinting that is common in handreared animals. When Nutmeg again gave birth on December 3, 2010, she was an exemplary mother and successfully raised her offspring, Blynn. A long-term project was initiated to collect baseline data on Baird’s tapir blood pressures. The staff has successfully trained Eve, our 26-year-old female Baird’s tapir, to calmly allow the procedure without chemical or physical restraint. The data collected will not only help monitor Eve’s health, but will also provide information on what might be a normal blood pressure range for tapirs in general. The Red Panda Network declared November 13, 2010 as the first International Red Panda Day. To celebrate the event, Zoo staff organized red panda keeper talks, informational outreach tables and children’s activities. The goal was to raise awareness of red pandas and their conservation.

Apes of Africa and Primates of the World A generous anonymous donor provided us with all of the funding needed for a unique outdoor Bonobo Exhibit, significant improvements to the indoor Bonobo Exhibit, enhanced bonobo research opportunities in the bonobo behind the scenes area, and an interpretive center for the Zoo visitors featuring bonobo conservation efforts in Africa and our Zoo bonobos. Construction will be completed in 2011. The new outdoor exhibit will feature more than 400 feet of elevated passageways in an oak forest setting with a play area loft and two tall towers. Other exhibit enhancements included new trees in the Mandrill Exhibit, additional resting platforms for several of the species, and additional climbing structures for the gorillas. Additions to the orangutan service areas included a specially-designed arm sleeve for drawing blood samples and taking blood pressure as well as an overhead, enclosed platform for conducting cardiac ultrasonography.

In Primates of the World, our young male orangutan, Mahal, began his third year with his adoptive mother, MJ. The bond between the two is strong and Mahal continues to thrive. Mahal is very popular with our guests. As an engaging ambassador for his species, he promotes awareness of the dire situation orangutans currently face in the wild and how the expansion of palm oil plantations are leading to the extinction of this species. Additional good news is the birth of two Goeldiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s monkeys in our center exhibit. The first was a male born in July and the second, gender to be determined, was born in December. All four, parents and offspring, are doing well. Along with animals being added to our collection, we had several who were transferred to other zoos. Three spider monkeys, one male and two female, went to their new home at the Audubon Park Zoo in New Orleans. Unfortunately, 2010 also included the death of two female Japanese macaques. Silver was the matriarch of the troop for over 25 years and died at the age of 33 years. Vivian was 19 years old, and another high-ranking female.

Our Zooâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Apes of Africa Building is home to one of the largest collections of bonobos, or pygmy chimpanzees, in captivity. During 2010, our population Our animal care staff members have of bonobos increased by two. Along spent years diligently working with with the arrival of Ricky bonobo, a the great apes (bonobos, gorillas and 15-year-old male, on loan to us from orangutans) at our Zoo using positive Columbus Zoo, we had two bonobo reinforcement training techniques. births. The first birth was in February As a result, our Zoo is a premier and the second was in November. Orphaned orangutan, Mahal, continues to do well. facility for the study of the physiology Maringa, our bonobo matriarch, died and behavior of these endangered animals. The apes willingly participate this year at the age of 37. She came to us from the Dierenpark Wassenaar in cognitive behavioral studies, ultrasound studies of the heart and fetal Zoo, Wassenaar, the Netherlands in 1986. development and medical care procedures. These procedures and studies Two female gorillas, Linda and Ngajji, estimated ages 45 and 44 occur with a safety mesh barrier between the staff and the apes. The apesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; respectively, died this year and also were former residents of the Wassenaar participation is completely voluntary and without restraint. They can Zoo. Maringa, Linda, and Ngajji will be sorely missed by their conspecifics readily participate, and they can end the training, behavioral study sessions or and the staff who cared for them. examinations at any time. Cardiac disease is the number one killer of apes in captivity. Our keepers and veterinary staff are working diligently with other institutions and experts in identifying the causes and finding solutions for the health and welfare of our charges. Milwaukee County Zoo

Small Mammals

Northwestern Mutual Family Farm

The Small Mammal Building saw some significant changes in its collection in 2010. Our Goeldi’s monkey pair had a male offspring in April. Not to be outdone, our cotton-top tamarin pair had a set of twins in May and a single infant in December. Although this pair had difficulties raising an infant in 2009, this year things went well with both parents working together. Our vampire bat colony grew this year with the birth of six infants. And finally, we acquired a male tayra on loan from the Papiliorama Swiss Tropical Gardens in Kerzers, Switzerland. He is a young male and a good genetic match for our female. Hopefully next year’s report will include tayra pups.

The Farm welcomed back the World Bird Sanctuary again in 2010 to present our popular bird show. The Dairy Complex also saw five calf births during the year. Two births occurred in January, a red-and white Holstein bull calf named Noel and an American brown Swiss heifer named Maggie. A black-and-white Holstein bull calf, Daniel, was born in May, a milking shorthorn heifer named Dottie was born in July and an Ayrshire heifer named Betsy was born in August. Our Dairy Barn won another Superior Milk award, marking the 21st time the Zoo has received this award for outstanding dairy facilities.

Along with births comes deaths, and we experienced a couple of significant ones in 2010. The first was our female fennec fox, Anubis, in January to cancer. Next came one of our meerkats in August and our female two-toed sloth, Chewy, in September at age 13 from liver disease. And the Mohol’s galago (Boing Boing, also known as Simon) died Christmas day. He shared his exhibit with the springhaas and spent many hours grooming them, although he was nearly blind. At 11 years of age he was Milwaukee County Zoo’s longest-lived galago. These animals will be missed and we appreciate all that they gave to us. Other dispositions for 2010 included 15 strawcolored fruit bats to the Minnesota Zoo and another 45 to the Hogle Zoo in Salt Lake City. This reduction of nearly half of our colony means more space and increased individualized care for the remaining bats. 12

Milwaukee County Zoo

Two-toed sloth, Chewy, will be missed by visitors and staff.

The Stackner Animal Encounter Building added a few new animals during the year: a trio of ducks; one male Rouen and two female Pekin ducks; as well as a pair of guinea pigs; and two female domestic rats. All of these animals are used by the Education Department as well as for our Animal Encounter talks, which can be seen many times throughout the day in the summer. Sadly for us, our armadillo Julio left us to become part of the breeding program at the St. Louis Zoo. We also changed the interior of the milking complex, with new floors and an upgraded play area for kids.

Animal Health Programs The veterinary staff at the Animal Health Center (AHC) is responsible for the preventive animal health and nutrition programs, and the medical care of the entire collection. The staff includes two full-time staff veterinarians, three veterinary technicians, a hospital supervisor and a medical records secretary. Some of the procedures performed in 2010 included: 340 anesthetic procedures, 487 blood samples collected for a variety of analyses, 1,187 parasite exams run on 559 samples, 1,801 written prescriptions, 213 radiographic procedures including seven CT scans on various animals and 2,999 medical record entries for 673 individual animals representing 203 species. Throughout 2010, an average of 12 animals per night were housed at the AHC, for a total of 4,309 patient-days. Many of these were new animals kept in quarantine before releasing them to the main zoological collection, including two young elk. Other hospital residents were being treated for a variety of illnesses. One memorable clinical case treated in 2010 was Marvin the Gentoo penguin. Marvin spent approximately the first six months of the year at the AHC

A large number of veterinary procedures took place in 2010.

being treated for a severe fungal infection to which penguins are prone. After successful treatment, he was returned to the Aviary where he stayed for about three months. He began acting ill again, and when brought to the hospital it was found that he had a gastrointestinal foreign body from trying to dismantle one of the underwater lights in the exhibit. This was successfully removed, but the stress from this foreign ingestion caused his fungal infection to recur briefly. He was successfully treated, but spent the rest of the year at the hospital while the exhibit was being repaired. Gentoo penguins are a sub-Antarctic species that require living in temperatures less than 50 F, preferably closer to freezing. Because of the customized enclosures at the Animal Health Center, we were able to house Marvin in the “cold room” while he was being treated. The “cold room” is a refrigerated ward with a pool that can be kept as low as 33 F. Both the Zoo pathology-fellow program and the clinical medicine residency continued in collaboration with the University of WisconsinMadison School of Veterinary Medicine. The clinical residency program is a three-year program that provides specialty training in zoo and exotic animal medicine. We currently have two residents: one that is just completing her third year; and the other in his second year. The clinical residents alternate their time at the Zoo, each spending approximately four months out of the year here. The pathology program offers specialized training to pathologists interested specifically in zoo and exotic animal pathology, and provides us with information crucial to managing our collection. Our fifth pathology fellow (since the program’s inception 1997) began in August 2010, and recently finished a two-year residency in general pathology at the University of Connecticut. The previous resident successfully completed her residency and went on to Washington State University as a Ph.D. candidate. In addition to the three post-graduate veterinary programs, the veterinary staff also conducts a zoo-animal medicine preceptor program for veterinary students. The students spend between four and eight weeks at the Zoo. The Zoo’s staff veterinarians continued to perform their duties as adjunct instructors at the UW-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Animal Records Since the Milwaukee County Zoo opened in 1892, records have been kept for the almost 20,000 individual animals that have been managed in the Zoo’s collection. Today, AZA-accredited zoos keep very detailed up-to-date records for each animal, telling its life story from birth to death. In addition, our Zoo archives contain ephemeral material including animal inventories, old log books, Zoo annual reports, published articles, prints, slides, 16mm films, and general correspondence. We also maintain unique documents and artifacts from 19th and 20th century zoological institutions from six continents. All of this stored information is available to support research. We maintain up-to-date records on every animal that arrives at the Zoo. Individual animals are each assigned a unique accession number. The animal care staff uses this number to track an individual animal’s records so that significant events or changes in its care can be documented. All of the information that the animal care staff observes is reported daily to the registrar, who records the information electronically in a database called the Animal Records Keeping System (ARKS). The ARKS information includes primary data such as common and taxonomic name, parents (whether at our Zoo or at another facility), date and place of birth, gender, and the circumstances of acquisition such as birth, loan, purchase, or donation. Similar facts are recorded when the animal leaves the Zoo, such as the name of the recipient zoo, the date of transfer and terms of the contract or the circumstances of death. Identifying characteristics or marks, all background information, measurements, behavior, breeding management, enclosure information, behavioral enrichment, training, diet/feeding, development, and medical notes and procedures all are data recorded in the animal’s record. Animal medical information also is vital to the care of the animal collection. The Medical Animal Records Keeping System, known as MedARKS, is a database that utilizes information stored in ARKS, creating a detailed medical record for each animal containing clinical notes, prescriptions, treatments, cryopreservation records and necropsy details. About once a month, the information in the ARKS database is sent to ISIS (International Species Information System), which links the animals’ records as they move between institutions throughout the worldwide zoological community. The merging of these data from each zoo enables ISIS members to share information collected in the ISIS system for management of genetic and demographic programs (such as studbooks 14

Milwaukee County Zoo

or cooperative Species Survival Plans) and their own animal collections. The ISIS central database, located in Minnesota, contains information on 2.3 million animals – almost 15,000 taxa/10,000 species – held in more than 840 institutions in 76 countries, as well as some animals in the wild that are participants in release and relocation projects.

Permits International treaties and national and state laws regarding animal conservation, management, care, health and safety result in regulations and permit requirements. Examples of permits received by the Zoo in 2010 include:

International: Convention on Trade in Endangered Species import permit National: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Captive Bred Wildlife permit Migratory Bird Special Purpose permit Depredation permit Native Endangered Species Recovery permit U.S. Department of Agriculture Exhibitor Permit Plant Pests, Noxious Weed, Soil Movement permit U.S. Department of Interior Marine Mammal Protection Act permit State of Wisconsin DNR Depredation permit DATCP Johne’s Disease-Free Herd classification DATCP CWD-Free Herd classification

Library and Archive The Milwaukee County Zoo Library and Archive is a research library that provides information resources to staff of the Milwaukee County Zoo, the Zoological Society of Milwaukee, Zoo Pride volunteers and the public. The Milwaukee County Zoo Library collection includes books and academic/science periodicals in the following subject areas: zoological science; animal husbandry; management of animals in captivity; animal behavior; animal nutrition; veterinary medicine; wildlife conservation; birds; fishes; invertebrates; mammals; reptiles and amphibians; aquarium management; aquatic life; horticulture; zoological gardens; history of zoological science; zoo administration; and zoo, aquarium and museum exhibits.

The library also collects ephemeral materials from U.S. and foreign zoos and aquariums. This collection is the largest collection of zoo ephemera in the country.

exhibit signage. Ten Zoo Pride volunteers assist the librarian with staffing and archive projects. In 2010, the volunteers helped archive 25 years (90 linear feet) of daily keeper reports.

The Archive preserves materials that are crucial to the history of the Milwaukee County Zoo. This collection includes photos, slides, DVDs, VHS cassettes, 16mm films, historic postcards, veterinary records and MCZ historical records on paper and microfiche. These materials are housed in a climate-controlled environment for preservation purposes.

Conservation and Research Programs

The library also has a number of animal-themed art works, including prints, sculptures, and paintings. The staff of the library includes one part-time paid professional librarian who provides reference services, assists in research, maintains the catalogs, and manages both the library archival collection. The librarian also works part-time for the Zoological Society as the information specialist, managing the Societyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s photo database and researching information for

In 2010, the Zoo managed an ambitious and diverse conservation and research program at local, regional, national and international levels. The Senior Animal Staff, including specialty Curators, staff Veterinarians and the Deputy Zoo Director, develop, implement and manage these programs. Front-line staff actively participates in many of these programs. Collaborative efforts with other conservation-oriented institutions and agencies were essential to the effectiveness of these efforts. In addition to the commitment of Zoo resources and the resources of collaborating institutions, significant funding came from Zoo trust funds and the Zoological Society of Milwaukee. Public and private grants also contributed to the support.

African elephant.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Conservation and Research Program Collaborative Support The Zoo provides funding and/or staff support to selected conservation initiatives and research projects. Highlights for support in 2010 include: IUCN Conservation Breeding Specialist Group ...................................... (Global) Zoological Information Management System Development....................... (Global) Polar Bears International ................................................................. (Pan-Arctic) International Snow Leopard Trust ........................................................... (Nepal) Phoenix Fund Amur Tiger Project ........................................................... (Russia) International Elephant Foundation ............................................(Africa and Asia) Tarangire Elephant Project ................................................................ (Tanzania) Tree Kangaroo Species Survival Plan ..................................(Papua New Guinea) Balikpapan Orangutan Society Project .................................................. (Borneo) Orangutan Outreach ........................................................................ (Sumatra) Orangutan Conservancy ..................................................................... (Borneo) Salango Forest Bonobo Project ...........................(Democratic Republic of Congo) Kibale Community Firewood Project ................................................... (Uganda) Berggorilla and Regenwald Direkthilfe Gorilla Project ........................... (Rwanda) Madagascar Fauna Group ..........................................................(Madagascar) Fennec Fox Conservation Project .................................................. (North Africa) Humboldt Penguin Census.......................................................................(Chile) Humboldt Penguin Artificial Burrow Project................................................(Chile) Whooping Crane Recovery Project .......................................................... (U.S.) Piping Plover Recovery Project....................................................... (Great Lakes) Grenada Frog Study ........................................................................ (Grenada) Grenada Bank Tree Boa Study .......................................................... (Grenada) Grenada Reef Monitoring ................................................................ (Grenada) Rock Iguana Conservation ................................................................ (Jamaica) Rock Iguana Conservation ......................................................(Grand Cayman) Ornate Box Turtle Headstart Program .............................................. (Wisconsin) Butlerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Garter Snake Ecology ......................................................... (Wisconsin) Massasauga Ecology Study...............................................................(Michigan) Timber Rattlesnake Ecology ............................................................ (Wisconsin) Starhead Minnow Spawning Research ..................................................... (Zoo) Migratory and Resident Avifauna Study .................................................... (Zoo) Elephant Reproductive Hormone Study ...................................................... (Zoo) Ape Cognition Study .............................................................................. (Zoo) Bonobo Fetal Development Study ............................................................. (Zoo) Great Ape Cardiovascular Health Study ................................................... (Zoo) Great Ape Ultrasound Studies .................................................................. (Zoo) Bonobo Semen Freezing Project ............................................................... (Zoo) Bonobo Cardiac Database ...................................................................... (Zoo)

The Zoo also provided funding for many collaborative conservation and research initiatives including: International Iguana Foundation Avian Scientific Advisory Group Humboldt Penguin Species Survival Plan Penguin Taxon Advisory Group Great Apes Taxon Advisory Group International Penguin Conservation Conference International Species Inventory System Puerto Rican Crested Toad Species Survival Plan AZA Wildlife Contraception Center WI Bureau of Endangered Species Herp Fund Lake Victoria Species Survival Plan Grenada Bank Tree Boa Blood Parasite Study

Timber rattlesnake.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Species Survival Plans Our Zoo cooperates with all major zoos and aquariums in North America to enhance the survival of endangered species in our collections and in the wild. This is done through Species Survival Plans® of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Groups of zoo scientists and collaborating experts develop breeding plans to help protect the genetic variations of each of these species. Collaborative programs also are developed with range countries to assist in conservation of these animals and their habitats in the wild.

Our Zoo participates in all Species Survival Plans that exist for the species in our collection, including: Elephant Alligator, Chinese Bear, Polar Seal, Harbor Bongo, Eastern Cheetah Cichlids, Lake Victoria (13 spp.) Iguana, Rock Jaguar Leopard, Snow Lion Panda, Red Rattlesnake, Aruba Island Rattlesnake, Eastern Massasauga Rhinoceros, Black Tapir, Baird’s (Central American)

Tapir, Malayan (Asian) Tiger Toad, Puerto Rican Crested Tree Kangaroo, Matschie’s Baboon Bonobo Cat, Black-Footed Colobus Fox, Fennec Gibbon Gorilla, Western Lowland Guenon Lemur, Mongoose Lemur, Ring-Tailed Lemur, Ruffed Macaque

Monkey, Goeldi’s Orangutan Spider Monkey, South American Tamarin, Cotton-Top Tamarin, Golden Lion Tamarin, Golden-Headed Lion Hornbill Kingfisher, Micronesian Mynah, Bali Peafowl, Congo Pigeon, Pink Rail, Guam Penguin, Humboldt Hippopotamus

Groups of Species The Zoo’s scientific staff are members of specialist groups devoted to the conservation and management of groups of species. These are called Taxon Advisory Groups (TAGs). We actively participate in the following TAGs: Elephant Amphibian Antelope and Giraffe Aquatic Invertebrate Bear Canid and Hyaenid Chelonian Crocodilian Deer (Cervid/Tragulid) Equid Felid Freshwater Fishes Lizard Marine Fishes Sheep and Goat (Caprid)

Snake Tapir Wild Pig, Peccary, Hippo Ape Chiropteran Marsupial and Monotreme New World Primate Old World Monkey Pangolin, Aardvark, Xenarthra Nocturnal Prosimian Prosimian Rodent, Insectivore, Lagomorph Small Carnivore Anseriformes Charadriiformes

Ciconiiformes Columbiformes Coraciiformes Galliformes Gruiformes PACCT (Passerines) Parrot Pelecaniformes Penguin Piciformes Raptor Ratite Turaco/Cuckoo Rhinoceros Fennec fox.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Moon jellies.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Oceans of Fun Seal & Sea Lion Show.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Individual Conservation and Research Projects Piping Plover Each year, Milwaukee County Zoo sends Aviary staff members to assist United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) biologists in Michigan with the monitoring of active nests and the rearing of abandoned piping plover eggs and chicks. These eggs and chicks are brought in to the University of Michigan Biological Field Station and are hatched for rerelease into the wild. These activities support the long-term commitment by our Zoo concerning the conservation of the piping plover. The Great Lakes population of the piping plover was listed as endangered in 1986 with only 17 nesting pairs. Its decline is attributed to habitat loss and degradation due to the encroachment of humans on its nesting environment, which includes beaches, inland lakes, and rivers. Nest disturbance and predation, largely due to the presence of humans, also has contributed to the populationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s steady decline. Zoo staff has participated in the development of captive husbandry protocols and designated research projects designed to benefit wild populations of piping plovers. In 2010, there were over 60 pairs of nesting plovers that produced 93 fledged wild chicks, and an additional 14 chicks were captive-reared and released.

Humboldt Penguin In 1994, the Zoo initiated a long-term research program to study a breeding colony of Humboldt penguins in Algarrobo, Chile. The ecology and health of these endangered penguins are being studied with the goal of enhancing species conservation. As part of this overall 20

Milwaukee County Zoo

study, a project involving the placement of artificial burrows for nesting at Algarrobo was initiated in 2009 with the intent of providing more sturdy nests that can better resist flooding and destruction than the natural dirt burrows. From 2009 to 2010, 35 artificial burros have been placed on the island, especially in areas where burrows have long disappeared, then were monitored to see if Humboldt penguins actually use them. To increase the attractiveness of these previously burrow-less areas to the nesting Humboldt penguins, hand-painted decoys of Humboldt penguins were conspicuously placed in the vicinity of these burrows. Penguins have been seen roosting in the nests, and in 2010, the first breeding pair with eggs was seen. Although chicks did not hatch, we are hopeful that the nests will be used again, with even greater success. In addition, our Zoo has been coordinating funding for biennial population censuses of the wild penguins in Chile for the past 10 years. These censuses not only provide us information on the size of the wild population, but also allow us to detect trends in population growth or decline, and also population movements, particularly in reference to El NiĂąo weather patterns. This information is critical to Piping plover. understanding the behavior and activity of wild Humboldt penguins. Unfortunately, severe weather and the large earthquake that struck Chile truncated the 2010 census, and an accurate census of the number of Humboldt penguins was not obtained. Plans are currently underway to change the scope and focus of the census. The previous censuses assessed the total number of Humboldt penguins along the Chilean Coast, and these numbers were quite consistent over the past decade. The new census will try to assess the actual breeding population of Humboldt penguins, not just the total population.

This will be a more labor intensive census, and will need to involve more Chilean scientists and staff, but probably will only need to be conducted about every four to five years. In 2010, our Zoo, with help from the Penguin Taxonomic Advisory Group, provided funds for Dr. Alejandro Simeone, Director of the Department of Ecology and Biodiversity at the University Andres Bello in Santiago Chile, to attend the International Penguin Conference in Boston, Massachusetts. Dr. Simeone has been working with the Zoo on various penguin projects for 16 years. He gave two presentations at the conference, one on artificial burrows, and one on the threats of fishing net entanglements to the Humboldt penguin population. After the conference, Dr. Simeone came to the Milwaukee County Zoo for a week to work on data from the various projects, and repeated his presentations for Zoo and Zoo Society staff. More information about Dr. Simeone and Humboldt penguin research can be found in the Spring-Summer 2010 issue of Alive Magazine, published by the Zoological Society of Milwaukee.

Whooping Crane Recovery The Zoo assists the International Crane Foundation (ICF) and USFWS with whooping crane recovery by acting as a medical care location for injured whooping cranes that were part of the release program. In 2006, a juvenile whooping crane, Torch, was received with a broken wing. This injury prevented the bird from ever being released into the wild. In 2008, we received a female, Tiki, who will hopefully serve as a mate for Torch, once they establish the bond necessary for reproductive success. The Whooping Crane Recovery Program is responsible for bringing back the number of wild cranes from a low of 16 individuals in the 1940s to more than 300 individuals currently in the wild. The International Crane Foundation uses donated funds to aid in the captive rearing, release and management of wild cranes and develop new release techniques to bolster the existing population. In addition, the organization provides outreach programs to educate the public about the plight of the cranes.

Migratory and Resident Avifauna Study Zoo staff and volunteers are mist netting and banding wild birds on Zoo grounds to determine the numbers and species that use our grounds as a stopover site during migration. This is an ongoing project with 169 species of native migratory birds identified to date. Of these identified species, 27 are listed as rare, threatened, or of special concern in Wisconsin, and 42 have been identified as nesting on Zoo grounds. Because of these

remarkable findings, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has designated the Milwaukee County Zoo as a recognized migratory bird stopover habitat. In addition, a bird-banding demonstration is conducted each year during the Zoo’s special Earth Day event, Party for the Planet. Visitors have the opportunity to observe the banding process and release birds.

Ornate Box Turtle This year, the Zoo raised 25 endangered ornate box turtles to be released into a wild prairie remnant in south central Wisconsin. In 1996 and 1997, the Zoo developed raise-and-release procedures for this highly successful DNR program. During a single winter at the Zoo, these turtles may grow from a one-third ounce hatchling to as much as five ounces. In the wild, it may take as long as seven years to reach this size, at which time they are practically predator-proof. The Racine Zoo also participates in this program, and the Nature Conservancy has adopted its protocols to help increase ornate box turtle populations in its Wisconsin reserves. As of June 2010, more than 900 turtles were released. Of these, our Zoo raised 288 turtles.

Grenada Frog The Grenada frog was once widespread on the island nation of Grenada. During the late 1880s, a related frog species, Johnstone’s frog, was introduced. Since that time, Johnstone’s frog has spread throughout the island and the Grenada frog has retreated to small isolated pockets (seven square miles) in the mountain rainforests. In 2004, our Zoo, the Milwaukee Public Museum, and the Grenada Forestry and National Parks Department initiated a field-study to determine if these two species can successfully coexist. In 2009, the Racine Zoo joined our efforts. In February of 2009, we noted the numbers of frogs observed had dropped for a third consecutive year. As a result, frogs were sampled to determine if they were carrying the deadly frog-killing fungus called chytrid. Unfortunately, the fungus was found at all of the sampling sites. Chytrid could lead to the extinction of the Grenada frog. The MCZ and our collaborators began to develop a Conservation Action Plan for the frog in 2010.

Grenada Bank Treeboa The Grenada Bank treeboa is only found on the islands in the Grenada Bank. Although widespread, populations seem to be decreasing on the island of Grenada. Our Zoo and the Racine Zoo have been cooperating Milwaukee County Zoo

with the Milwaukee Public Museum to conduct research on this treeboa. The Zoo is collaborating with Dr. Marie Rush of St. George’s University (Grenada) in a study to determine the snake’s normal blood parameters and identify the blood parasites of this species. In May of 2010, the Curator of Reptiles and Aquarium conducted a workshop to train the personnel of the Grenada Forestry and Parks Department in methods to safely and humanely capture Grenada Bank tree boas.

Coral Reef Monitoring in Grenada In 2009, our research efforts in the Caribbean expanded to the surrounding ocean. Our Zoo joined the Wisconsin Lutheran College’s reef monitoring program in Grenada. In 2010, the Racine Zoo joined our efforts. The purpose of this project is to compare the long-term health of the coral reefs found in Grenada’s marine protected areas with other areas that receive no protection. We hope to demonstrate the economic benefits of protected areas to the tourist industry and fishing communities of Grenada.

Rock Iguanas Our Zoo has been a longtime supporter of rock iguana conservation in the genus Cyclura. Since 2003, this support has increased with the addition of fieldwork studies of the Grand Cayman blue iguana and Jamaican iguana. Blue iguanas are one of the most endangered lizard species in the world. A 2003 census indicated there might have been as few as 12 Grand Cayman blue iguanas in the wild. Because of the efforts of several zoos, including ours, the population is now estimated to number more than 200. The Jamaican iguana was once thought to be extinct in the wild, and is still very much in peril. In 2010, the Zoo sent a zookeeper to Grand Cayman to survey a natural area to determine the population density of this endangered lizard. Our Zoo has participated in the fieldwork for these collaborative efforts, resulting in successful releases of captive-hatched, raised-and-released iguanas back into the wilds of Grand Cayman and Jamaica. Also, through observations and radio tracking, data has been collected for the first time on the habits of these rare species from both raised-and-released iguanas and free-ranging wild individuals. More fieldwork is scheduled, and our Zoo will be sending additional staff to assist fieldworkers with protection of nest sites, nest monitoring, health screenings, and radio tracking. They also assist with the maintenance of iguana raise-and-release facilities. 22

Milwaukee County Zoo

Grand Cayman rock iguana.

Butler’s Garter Snakes The Butler’s garter snake is an endangered species restricted to southeastern Wisconsin. In 2007, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources brought together developers, land owners, our Zoo and other conservation organizations to develop a management plan for this species. This plan identified numerous gaps in our knowledge that were crucial to the development of a successful plan. As a result, the Zoo joined hands with the Urban Ecology Center at Riverside Park to seek answers to several questions. What is the dispersal distance of the snakes? What is the population density of the snakes in Riverside Park? How fast do they grow? These studies involve radio tracking, finding and capturing snakes and marking them for individual identification. Hundreds of hours were spent on this research during the year, and several additional seasons of work will be needed to adequately address these issues.

Starhead Topminnows

Program Management

Starhead topminnows are an endangered fish species in Wisconsin. Although there have been a few cases of successful captive reproduction in the private sector, there are no reports of breeding in zoos or aquariums. Several pairs were collected in July 2007 with the intent of developing spawning techniques that could be used by the Wisconsin DNR should a captive breeding program become a necessity. Successful breeding occurred at our Zoo in December. Fishes from this program have been sent to the Urban Ecology Centers in Milwaukee and other aquariums or nature centers that wish to display them.

Zoo staff members hold management positions in national and international programs through the Association of Zoos and Aquariums and other conservation entities. These management positions include:

Great Ape Ultrasound Studies For more than 15 years, Zoo staff and volunteer medical professionals have performed ultrasound studies on our great apes. As a result of extensive positive reinforcement training by our staff, the great apes voluntarily participate in these painless studies – without restraints, sedation or anesthesia. The animals look forward to these procedures and willingly cooperate. The ultrasound studies include heart studies of bonobos, gorillas and orangutans, and fetal development studies of bonobos. Our Zoo has been the first in the world to do these types of studies with the great apes.

Great Ape Cardiovascular Health Research In 2010, our Zoo continued the comprehensive study of great ape cardiovascular health that was initiated by a national workshop hosted at our Zoo in 2009. The Great Ape Heart Project was funded by a start-up grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Sciences. The workshop launched a concerted effort to identify the causes, and to enhance our ability to prevent and treat these diseases. Zoo staff, in conjunction with medical consultants and a graduate conservation student, have developed the Bonobo Cardiovascular Database, archiving and analyzing ultrasound studies performed on bonobos at zoos throughout North America.

Other Studies and Research The Zoo staff participates in many other scientific studies and collaborative research projects. A few examples from 2010 that have been or are intended to be published include: treatment of epilepsy in great apes; reproductive hormones in elephants, rhinoceros and hippopotamus; fecal markers for nutritional studies; identification of a disease agent in a brown bear; fetal development in bonobos; blood group types in bonobos; hypertension in bonobos; cognitive studies of bonobos; corticosteroids in rhinoceros; and obstructive jaundice in macaques.

• Veterinary Advisor: Bonobo SSP, Ring-tailed Lemur SSP, Humboldt Penguin SSP, Ape TAG • Chairperson: AZA Charter and Bylaws • Vice-chair: Humboldt Penguin SSP, Raptor TAG • AZA Delegate: Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species • AZA Accreditation Team Members • Steering Committee: Ape TAG, Sphenisciformes TAG, Freshwater Fish TAG, Amphibian TAG, Humboldt Penguin SSP, Brazil Conservation Action Partnership, Institutional Data Management Advisory Group, Veterinary Advisor Group, Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake SSP • PMP Manager/Studbook Keeper: Yellow-backed Duiker, Red Kangaroo, Rockhopper Penguin • Zoological Information Management System: Subject Matter Expert • Management Group: Bonobo SSP, Rhinoceros Hornbill SSP, Humboldt Penguin SSP • American Association of Zoo Veterinarians: Emeritus Associate Editor; AZA Veterinary Advisor Liaison, Treasurer • Academy of Veterinary Zoological Medicine Technicians: President

Presentations/Publications Animal Division staff delivers more than 1,000 formal presentations and innumerable informal presentations to the visiting public every year. In addition, Zoo staff develop programs, publish articles and research papers and deliver presentations locally, regionally and internationally to contribute to conservation efforts.

Facilities and Improvements In addition to the exhibit improvements described previously, a considerable number of infrastructure projects were planned or completed in 2010. Most of these are not noticed by the public, but are critical for the continued operation of the Zoo. The projects included: animal life support systems, heating, ventilating, electrical and plumbing upgrades, roof replacements and other repairs. Milwaukee County Zoo

Administration and Finance Background and 2010 Review

Effective coordination of travel requests and expenditures continues to help the Zoo minimize these costs.

This Section oversees the following: Cash Management, Financial and Capital Project Planning, Accounts Payable and Receivable, Personnel and Payroll, General Office Services (including coordination of security, emergency medical support, reception and switchboard, radio dispatch and clerical support), Information Technology and oversight of the Zoo’s Green Committee. The Section also completed and submitted the 2010 year-end financials. The Zoo ended the year with an adjusted tax levy deficit of $1,197,278 and had an increase of $58,669 in the Zoo trust funds.

Information Technology

Cash Management This area’s responsibilities include reconciliation of cash receipts to our point-of-sale system, preparation of the bank deposits, preparation of cash register starting banks and daily support of the cashiers for change and deposits of funds, processing of contract ride revenues and improved monitoring of cashier discrepancies.

Financial and Capital Project Planning and Control This Section involves coordination of the budget process. Balancing the budget is challenging when support is reduced, while service, as well as entertainment values are expected to be maintained, and new revenue sources are explored and priorities re-evaluated. Donations via cell phones and new ride venue contracts were negotiated during the year. Financial reporting and analysis continued to be performed on a daily, monthly and annual basis, with comparisons to the budget as well as to the previous year. Revenue sharing contracts were improved to enhance vendor accountability.

Information Technology functions are provided by Zoo staff, Milwaukee County’s Department of Administration - Information Management Services (IMSD) and outside consultants. The Zoo continues to partner with IMSD for technical staff on site to assist the Zoo with its point-of-sale, inventory and event management systems. The IMSD staff helped control the Zoo’s expenses by troubleshooting most register issues for the system on site, rather than contacting an outside vendor for support. To improve operational performance of the new point-of-sale system, the software was upgraded early in 2010 and a new server was installed on site during that summer. The Zoo continued improving its monitoring of financial information through point-of-sale and Milwaukee County financial systems. Usage of the Internet Supply Store was enhanced for the Commissary and inventory modifications began for the Stockroom and resale items. Staff attended the point-of-sale conference during the winter allowing for a deeper understanding of the system and networking opportunities.

Green Committee

Online ticket sales were initiated early in the year, including promotions and marketing opportunities. These tickets, along with Group Sales event tickets, can now be scanned at our admission gates allowing for improved internal controls and tracking.

The Milwaukee County Zoo has implemented recycling programs and conservation-minded projects for many years. Recycling efforts include cell phones, printer cartridges, aluminum cans, light bulbs, food and motor oils, scrap metals, restaurant cups, plastic bottles and paper and coffee grinds. The Zoo’s energy savings program of upgraded electrical, natural gas, water and sewer infrastructure continues to produce savings in utilities. The Zoo also has used green-friendly practices in building construction and other projects.

Accounting (Accounts Payable and Receivable)

Human Resources

During 2010, Accounts Payable and Receivable processed contracts, purchasing requisitions and receipts, monitored the credit card system, reviewed sales documentation, prepared invoices, tracked accounts receivable and entered financial transactions into the general ledger.

The Human Resources Section consists of the Human Resources Coordinator, Administrative Specialist and a seasonal Payroll Assistant. Responsibilities include coordinating and performing a variety of technical and professional personnel-related tasks. General duties performed entail

Milwaukee County Zoo

managing the payroll and human resources function to include grievance handling, recruitment, promotion, training, disciplinary actions, transfers, employee benefits and departmental diversity issues.

Safety and Training

The Safety and Training Section is comprised of the Safety and Training Specialist and a seasonal Training Assistant. The Section is responsible for instructing Zoo employees in regulatory compliance, customer service, Also, the Human Resources Coordinator represents the Zoo as part of security and emergency response programming and training. The Section committees; appeal boards, meetings and hearings related to various also is responsible for maintaining first aid kits, fire extinguishers and personnel issues. emergency chemical exposure stations. In addition, assessing workplace Highlights from 2010 include: hazards, developing safe work practices and assigning proper • Took part in job fairs in Milwaukee County to ensure personal protective equipment The Diversity Committee is a group formed within the parameters of a diverse work force are tasks assigned to this Section. the Human Resources Section with a primary function of providing opportunities for better understanding of civil rights by Zoo personnel. • Worked together with the This Section also coordinates Milwaukee County Department The Diversity Committee consists of seven representatives from various and provides identification of Human Resources to process Divisions who annually make recommendations concerning equal badges and distributes employee applications and hire zooworkers opportunities for all employees regardless of race, color, sex, sexual uniforms, and conducts annual and Family Farm attendants orientation, religion, national origin, age, handicap and other non-merit seasonal orientations, informing factors. • Worked together with the the seasonal staff at the Zoo Milwaukee County Department The committee acts as a resource for all Zoo staff by providing information of workplace policies and of Human Resources to enable and addressing particular concerns or complaints. Members attend procedures. The Section performs the Zoo to advertise current “hot quarterly training sessions that emphasize diversity-related issues in the routine hazardous waste removal jobs” on the County Web site workplace. Committee members also provide outreach through activities and storage and identification that promote diversity in the workplace. • Accomplished most of the 2010 audits to ensure compliance with Diversity Committee goals and state and federal regulations. identified tasks for 2011 Material Safety Data Sheets • Assisted in the hiring of two (MSDS) management, pesticide usage reports and annual Tier II reports individuals for full-time employment with the Zoo are processed and completed by this Section. The Safety and Training • Worked in cooperation with the Milwaukee County Department Specialist and the assistant are responsible for accident investigation and of Human Resources to inform, train and provide guidance to Zoo on site security system maintenance along with Zoo Access Contol and employees regarding Milwaukee County’s new time and attendance, surveillance programming. payroll, benefits and recruitment system State and federal compliance regulations mandate the annual safety training programming conducted by this Section. In addition to required programming, the Safety Section continues to promote the annual Employee Safety and Health Fair which includes the Department of Public Works. The 2010 Fair included the following topics: Forestry Safety, Bloodborne Pathogens, Working Safely at Heights, Electrical Safety & Respiratory Protection (including Respirator Fit Testing), Zookeeper Safety and Zoonotic Disease Prevention.

Moose.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Public Affairs and Services 2010 Highlights The Public Affairs and Services Division consists of four Sections: Group Sales, Public Relations, Special Events and Special Programs. In addition to these areas, the Division is responsible for the overall marketing, promotion and advertising of the Zoo. The staff includes: a Division Director, four Coordinators, four full-time staff and approximately 50 seasonal zooworkers.

Group Sales The Zoo’s Group Sales Section is responsible for the implementation of all contractual agreements and the management of corporate, non-profit and private events held annually on the Zoo grounds. Group Sales duties also include the sale and distribution of all advanced and consignment tickets throughout Wisconsin and Illinois. As in past years, thousands of Group Sales guests participated in events related to corporate, non-profit and private functions. A Group Sales event may incorporate the rental of a picnic area, a facility rental such as the Peck Welcome Center, an animal building like Big Cat Country or an entire Zoo grounds rental. Party for the Planet.

Regardless of the group size, Group Sales has serviced events ranging from 50 to 15,000 guests. Throughout the years, and again in 2010, Group Sales has been proud to host prestigious corporate events that included Northwestern Mutual Life, Robert W. Baird & Company, M&I Bank, Children’s Health Systems, Marcus Corporation and Assurant Health, among many others. In addition, Group Sales has been very proud to host and assist with the fundraising efforts of several well-known non-profit events on the Zoo grounds including the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, the Arthritis Foundation, the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, the Vince Lombardi Cancer Foundation and the Muscular Dystrophy Association.

Special Events Each year, the Public Affairs and Services Division coordinates more than 20 special events held on Zoo grounds. In 2010, this Section coordinated Elephant Appreciation Day, a new event held in September. This event highlighted the unique role elephants play in our natural world and the conservation efforts now underway to save these precious animals. Here are a few highlights from the year: Party for the Planet May 15 and 16

Sponsored by American Transmission Company Zoo visitors learned more about what they can do to preserve resources by visiting numerous outreach booths located in the U.S Bank Gathering Place. Kids took part in a migration game and “flew” through the Zoo to learn the different challenges birds face on their annual migration journeys.

Attendance: 16,689 Sunset Zoofari June 30, July 7, 14, 21, 28 and August 4

Sponsored by Tri City National Bank The Zoo was open from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. during these select summer evenings, and included the backdrop of popular local bands, as visitors toured the park. Most of the animal buildings were open for guests, as well as the special exhibit, Adventure Dinosaur. It’s a unique experience to enjoy both the animals and the musical performances under the stars.

Attendance: 14,118 26

Milwaukee County Zoo

The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel a la Carte August 19 –22

Milwaukee summers wouldn’t be the same without the Zoo’s annual “Feast with the Beasts,” as more than 25 area restaurants served up tasty dishes while local and national entertainment performed on six stages throughout the park. National entertainment for 2010 included: The Stray Cat, Lee Rocker, Gin Blossoms and Jon Anderson, The Voice of Yes.

Attendance: 69,093

The Special Programs Section of the Milwaukee County Zoo is responsible for overseeing these areas: MillerCoors Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, our temporary summer special exhibits, audiovisual services, outreach activities and the Peck Welcome Center. In addition, this Section works directly with the Zoological Society, serving as a liaison for all Zoological Society events taking place at the Zoo.

Following are the 2010 highlights:

Elephant Appreciation Day September 18

This first-time event focused on one of the most fascinating and intriguing animals at the Zoo – our African elephant! Activities for the day included behind-the-scenes tours of the elephant barns, trunk-sized crafts for the kids including making their own set of elephant ears and displays of elephant food and treats. The Zoo hopes to offer this special event to visitors annually.

Attendance: 8,661

Special Programs

Elephant Appreciation Day.

The MillerCoors Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show is a 20-minute presentation sponsored by MillerCoors, which entertains and educates visitors about seals and sea lions through a live animal show. The shows generated more than $128,000 in revenue for the year. Also during the summer, visitors were treated to the return of robotic dinosaurs with the exhibit, Adventure Dinosaur, sponsored by Lowe’s. The popular exhibit was displayed May 29 through September 6, and attracted 276,274 visitors. The Special Programs Section coordinated and supervised staff for the exhibit. The Special Programs Section continued its partnership with the Zoological Society, serving as a liaison to facilitate all of the Society’s events that took place on Zoo grounds. There were 25 events during a total of 34 dates during the year. This partnership serves to strengthen the overall relationship between the Zoo and the Zoological Society. Finally, Zoo operations were enhanced by the efforts of the Audiovisual Section. Areas served included: the Animal Division, Public Relations, Group Sales and Special Events. Photos, videos and visual presentations were used for newspaper and magazine articles, animal identification, Zoo Web site, marketing and promotional campaigns, collateral pieces and the audiovisual needs for Group Sales clients.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Media Relations In 2010, the Zoo received positive media coverage from broadcast, print and electronic media outlets.

Following are a few media highlights from the year: The Zoo was featured in an April Journal Sentinel (Milwaukee’s daily newspaper) cover story entitled “New Kids in Town,” which featured many of the new animals at the Zoo for the 2010 spring/ summer season. Some of the animals included our Matschie’s tree kangaroo joey, moose Robin and Bella and our newest impalas, Korintje and Cassia. Our new permanent exhibit, “The Language of Conservation,” also was featured as a cover story in the Journal Sentinel during the month of June. The article focused on the history and course of the project, and highlighted the fact the Milwaukee County Zoo was chosen from only a small number of zoos throughout the country to display such an exhibit. Our poet-in-residence, Pattiann Rogers, was interviewed, and several of the installations were featured through photos. Concerning general topics, the Zoo was featured in the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel on many occasions during the course of the year, as well as a regular feature on the newspaper’s Web site, JSOnline. On a regular basis throughout the year, the Zoo received positive coverage in numerous community and statewide newspapers, including: WawatosaNOW and The Ozaukee News Graphic. Also on a continuing basis, coverage on the Zoo appeared on local television stations (Channels 4, 6, 12 and 58). Topics featured included: Elephant Appreciation Day, Halloween Trick-or-Treat Spooktacular, our new Humboldt penguin chick and Matschie’s tree kangaroo joey and our special exhibit, Adventure Dinosaur, to mention a few. Our Zoo’s special project, the “Giving Tree” also received positive media coverage at the end of 2010. The “Giving Tree” is displayed in the U.S. Bank Gathering Place and gives visitors a chance to donate gifts or monetary contributions to our animals during the holiday season. This second-year project, coordinated by our zookeepers, with the support of Zoo Pride volunteers, was featured on several television programs, including live shots on FOX-6’s Real Milwaukee, and Channel 4’s Live at Daybreak. 28

Milwaukee County Zoo

A sampling of 2010 media clips.

Operations 2010 Highlights The Milwaukee County Zoo’s Operations Department consists of the following Divisions: Visitor Services, Concessions and Catering, Grounds and Horticulture, Maintenance and Trades, Custodial, Merchandising and Warehouse and Time and Material/Major Maintenance/Capital Project Construction Management.

Following are the 2010 highlights from the Operations Division: Visitor Services The Section greets every guest entering the Zoo providing them with essential information for their visit. In 2010, the Visitor Services staff admitted more than 1.2 million visitors to the Zoo. This Section’s responsibilities include: collecting fees for admission, parking, operating the miniature train, carousel and zoomobile rides and assisting individuals with lost family members or misplaced vehicles. Groups with special needs also are accommodated through various discounted rates for admission and rides and attractions. This Section also operates stroller rentals, dog kennels, camel and pony rides and the mold-o-rama machines. The Visitor Services Division is comprised of two full-time Managers, two full-time Train Engineers and as many as 60 seasonal employees.

Grounds and Horticulture The Horticultural Section is part of the Buildings and Grounds Section. Comprised of two full- time staff employees and nine seasonal employees, they make the Zoo grounds colorful and attractive for our visitors. Our pleasing grounds were accomplished in many ways, but the overall goal is to maintain our 200 acres of landscape, and ensure our patrons have a safe and enjoyable visit.

2010 Highlights: • Installed a new feature to our summer Dinosaur Exhibit, a pond and bubbling stream • Transplanted 200 trees and shrubs, 300 perennials, 5,000 fall bulbs, 35,000 annual plants, from spring pansies to summer annuals and fall mums • Created 6,000 square feet of new turf space from areas once infested with buckthorn or eroding due to lack of vegetation Grew our own mum crop for the first time • Identified and helped distribute browse to supplement animal diets • Removed bamboo from the Aviary’s East Flight and replanted in a sheltered outdoor location to continue providing leafy food for our red panda Zoo Train topiary.

2010 Highlights: • Generated more than 45% of the Milwaukee County Zoo’s total revenue for the year • Installed solar panels at the entrance gates • Replaced admission booths at the drive-in entrance booths • Replaced the zoomobiles which used propane as a fuel source, with a new, updated fleet of vehicles that run on electricity • Worked with Creative Employment Opportunities, Inc., which is designed to assist individuals with special needs to enter the workplace and increase their level of self esteem and independence • Provided staff support for all events that occurred during regular Zoo hours or after-hours events in conjunction with the Group Sales, Public Affairs, Education and Zoological Society Divisions

Milwaukee MilwaukeeCounty CountyZoo Zoo

29 29

• Watered, fertilized and maintained 6 topiaries, 40 flower beds, 55 perennial areas, 60 shrub areas, 280 containers, 5,000 square feet of greenhouse space and nearly 10 acres of turf space • Decorated 15 Christmas trees for the holiday season • Helped in the preparation of Halloween displays and helped carve 500 pumpkins • Performed annual trimming work in the Aviary and Primate Building in order to maintain tropical plants at sustainable indoor growing conditions

Maintenance A considerable amount of infrastructure work is completed each year. Most projects are not noticed by the public, but are critical in the day-to-day operations of the Zoo. Maintaining the buildings, grounds, exhibits and public areas also are vital to daily operations. Behind-the-scenes electrical, plumbing and general maintenance include: operating HVAC and Metysys interface computer boards, repairing animal exhibits, hanging event banners for special events and maintaining lighting which includes green initiative lamps to help reduce the impact on the environment and reduce utility costs. This Section also handles emergency calls on a 24 hour, 7- day-a-week schedule, sets up general events and handles landscaping and construction project management.

2010 Construction Project Highlights • Zoo Terrace upgrades including: re-grading, paver installations, new freezer and beer lines and trash enclosure areas • Replacement of exit drive roadway asphalt • Replacement of rusted feeders located between the Humboldt Penguin Exhibit and the Peck Welcome Center • New electrical panels for zoomobile chargers • Pumphouse upgrades: rebuilding and replacement of booster pumps, saltwater pumps and siding replacement • New HVAC rooftop replacement at Small Mammal Building • Roof replacement at Special Exhibits Building • Primate enclosure and Apes climbing structure enhancements • Upgrades to electrical distribution system including new panels • Continual manhole repair/replacements in parking lots and throughout the park • Replacement of fire hydrants 30

Milwaukee County Zoo

Concessions and Catering The Concessions and Catering Section provides our guests with service, snacks, food and beverages while visiting the Zoo. The staff consists of 175 diverse, seasonal employees and two full-time food service professionals. There are nine food service facilities, four popcorn wagons, three ice cream kiosks and six areas of “grab and go” carts throughout the grounds. The “grab and go” coffee shop, featuring Alterra coffee, bakery and snacks, continues to be successful. The Concessions Department is in the process of fine-tuning the POS Inventory Control System used at the Zoo. Once completed, these improvements will allow for managing our business more effectively and enhance guest value and service.

Merchandising The Merchandising Section is responsible for $1.6 million of gross revenue with a net profit of more than $1 million. This was made possible by the efforts of 1 full-time staff member and 50 seasonal employees. By keeping our labor costs under budget by $31,000, we were able to maximize profits. Merchandise is responsible for all aspects of the retail sales at the Zoo. This includes purchasing, displaying, stocking, selling, and providing customer service. We have continued our relationships with area and national retailers, all feeling the result of the changing economy. The year 2010 served as a success regarding revenue generated through our dinosaur exhibit. The exhibit generated $82,000 of revenue, over budget. There also was a drastic increase in book sales as patrons were looking for additional substance for their dollar. We also continued with our untraditional revenue sources, those being our front entrance photo-taking, face painting, air brush tattoos, dog tag machines and a 60-foot working sluice. In 2011, we look forward to a great year. We’ll be adding a three-story-high zip line, a ropes course and climbing wall as additional adventure options for guests.

Custodial The Custodial Section is responsible for keeping buildings clean for both our visitors and staff. Custodians also work with vendors and event managers, from small companies to large corporations, along with the Group Sales Section. Custodial works to ensure that the event plans and preparation requests are met for each client’s function.

Operating Expenses (Financials) Zoological Department (Unaudited) 2010 Adjusted Budget

2010 Actual Year-to-Date

Variance ( ) = Deficit

Total Admissions Less Group Sales Net Operational Admissions

$6,396,399 $1,580,207 $4,816,192

$4,547,315 $990,138 $3,557,177

$(1,849,084) $(590,069) $(1,259,015)

Concessions Catering Novelties Parking Special Exhibit Admissions Sea Lion Show Vending Machine Commissions Strollers Animal Rides Total Group Sales Carousel SkyRide Society Memberships Donations Other Private Funding Sponsorships Miscellaneous Revenue Performance Contract Escrow Sales Tax

$3,804,544 $151,406 $1,915,367 $2,799,345 $539,054 $193,900 $367,872 $130,000 $60,000 $2,470,651 $216,850 $250,000 $238,771 $199,000 $624,865 $365,750 $1,188,457 $0 ($460,256)

$3,506,051 $136,410 $1,686,602 $2,734,939 $425,841 $128,518 $239,860 $109,256 $45,501 $1,665,100 $187,942 $149,726 $67,848 $194,451 $624,865 $362,407 $897,713 $0 ($444,759)

($298,493) ($14,996) ($228,765) ($64,407) ($113,213) ($65,383) ($128,012) ($20,744) ($14,499) ($805,551) ($28,908) ($100,274) ($170,923) ($4,549) $0 ($3,343) ($290,744) $0 $15,497

$19,871,768

$16,275,447

($3,596,322)

Personnel Services Fringe Benefits Contractural Services Internal Service Charges Commodities Depreciation Capital Outlay Other Expenditures

$8,141,807 $4,817,780 $5,597,243 $1,511,594 $3,388,854 $0 $573,171 $0

$7,869,994 $4,783,356 $4,566,212 $1,401,940 $2,840,812 $0 $405,842 $0

$271,813 $34,424 $1,031,031 $109,654 $548,042 $0 $167,329 $0

TOTAL EXPENDITURES

$24,030,449

$21,868,157

$2,162,292

($236,752)

$236,752

$24,030,449

$21,631,405

$2,399,044

$4,158,681

$5,355,958

($1,197,278)

1,350,000

1,266,315

(83,685)

REVENUES

TOTAL REVENUES

EXPENDITURES

Less Abatements: DAS Allowable Adjustment

NET EXPENDITURES TAX LEVY ATTENDANCE

Milwaukee County Zoo

Operating Expenses Zoo Trust Fund (Unaudited) - Railroad Trust

2010 Adjusted Budget

2010 Actual Year-to-Date

Variance ( ) = Deficit

Zoomobile Revenue Miniature Train Revenue Earnings on Investments Donations and Reserve Contribution Other Revenue Sales Tax

$129,501 $660,000 $21,000 $104,486 $93,911 ($42,278)

$66,690 $630,996 $1,622 $676 $65,600 ($33,462)

($62,811) ($29,004) ($19,378) ($103,810) ($28,311) $8,816

TOTAL REVENUES

$966,620

$732,123

($234,497)

Personnel Services Fringe Benefits Contractual Services Internal Service Charges Commodities Conservation Projects Capital Outlay

$361,358 $82,240 $301,328 $3,275 $34,941 $15,000 $170,343

$285,244 $82,240 $209,280 $459 $19,605 $0 $91,074

$76,114 $0 $92,048 $2,816 $15,336 $15,000 $79,269

TOTAL EXPENDITURES

$968,485

$687,901

$280,584

($1,865)

$44,221

$46,087

REVENUES

EXPENDITURES

NET INCOME (LOSS) Fund Balance January 1, 2010 Net Income Fund Balance December 31, 2010

Milwaukee County Zoo

$455,572 $44,221 $499,793

Operating Expenses Zoo Trust Fund (Unaudited) - Specimen Trust Fund 2010 Adjusted Budget

2010 Actual Year-to-Date

Variance ( ) = Deficit

$4,249

$613

($3,636)

Animal Sales/Milk Sales

$16,200

$10,948

($5,252)

Giraffe Experience

$26,376

$21,479

($4,898)

REVENUES Earnings on Investments

$1,500

$1,121

($379)

Other Miscellaneous Revenue

Gifts & Donations

Reserve Contribution

$48,325

$34,161

($14,164)

Contractual Services

$36,230

$17,305

$18,925

Commodities

$14,496

$2,408

$12,088

Internal Service Charges

TOTAL EXPENDITURES

$50,726

$19,713

$31,013

NET INCOME (LOSS)

($2,401)

$14,448

$16,849

TOTAL REVENUE

EXPENDITURES

Fund Balance January 1, 2010 Net Income Fund Balance December 31, 2010

$172,165 $14,448 $186,613

ZOO TRUST FUNDS Total Trust Revenue 2010 Less Total Trust Expenditures 2010

2010 NET INCOME (LOSS)

$766,283 ($707,614)

$58,669

Milwaukee County Zoo

The Milwaukee County Zoo and the Zoological Society of Milwaukee A Public-Private Partnership The mission of the Zoological Society of Milwaukee is to participate in conserving endangered species, to educate people about the importance of wildlife and the environment, and to support the Milwaukee County Zoo.

Zoological Society Support of the Milwaukee County Zoo It was the kind of year that comes around only once a century. The Zoological Society of Milwaukee (ZSM) celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2010 with a kickoff party in January, safaris to Kenya and centennial mini-celebrations at all ZSM events during fiscal year 2009-2010. Zoo Pride, the ZSM’s volunteer auxiliary, also celebrated its 35-year anniversary. To mark 100 years of supporting the Zoo, the ZSM offered major new projects and events, including: • “The Language of Conservation” poetry project—The ZSM’s Creative Department created or coordinated more than 50 specially designed artworks displaying excerpts from nature poems in a partnership with the Zoo and the Milwaukee Public Library. Designed to promote poetry and nature, the new artwork at the Zoo was part of a nationwide effort by Poets House, a national literary center in New York City, with a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services. A family views a poem and art for the poetry-at-the-Zoo project.

• The launch of Kohl’s Wild Theater, thanks to a major donation from Kohl’s Cares. The ZSM hired a theater director and began planning a new public-education program featuring professionally staged plays with drama, puppetry, humor, songs and a conservation message. Plans included an at-Zoo program and an outreach program into the community. • Plans to expand the Zoo’s bonobo exhibit and upgrade its graphics began, thanks to a significant grant to the ZSM from an anonymous donor. • Zootastic!—A first-time spring ZSM family event at the Zoo drew a crowd. • Zoo Brew—A first-time fall ZSM evening event at the Zoo was held. • Adventure Dinosaur! This summer exhibit sponsored by Lowe’s attracted 246,274 people. The ZSM secured the sponsorship. • Wild Things upgrade: The ZSM’s member newsletter introduced an all-new format in full color with an easier-to-read size. • History recorded: The ZSM’s Alive magazine featured stories throughout 2010 on the history of its three missions, and the ZSM also installed an archive of publications on the ZSM Web site dating to 1951. The ZSM created historical displays for events throughout the year. The ZSM’s total Zoo support in 2009-2010 was more than $5.9 million. The support came from several areas, including: • Membership: The ZSM brought in more than $4.67 million in Zoo Pass memberships from 14,601 new Zoo Pass members and 37,899 renewing members. • Platypus Society: Members of the ZSM’s premier annual-giving group donated $761,082 to help the Zoo. • Sponsors: The ZSM acquires sponsors for most of the Zoo’s major events and attractions, and ZSM 2009–’10 direct cash sponsorship support to the Zoo was $260,000. • Fund-raisers run by the ZSM Associate Board: The 27th annual Zoo Ball, sponsored by American Airlines, raised more than $435,065. The 21st annual MillerCoors Birdies and Eagles Golf Tournament raised $107,247. All other fund-raising events run by the Associate Board — ranging from a Zoo campout to a family bike ride — raised $169,305.

Milwaukee County Zoo

Richard Brodzeller photo

• The ZSM’s animal sponsorship program raised $170,557 in the last fiscal year to support the Zoo’s animals. Especially popular was the sponsorship of Happy the hippo. • Volunteers: The Zoological Society’s volunteer auxiliary helps with Zoo and ZSM events and programs and provides Zoo guides. Of 560 Zoo Pride volunteers, 418 active members donated 42,437 hours last year.

• Additional cash support: The ZSM provided $95,966 to Zoo projects and $528,800 additional cash support to the Zoo. Among the areas that the ZSM supported were:

Richard Brodzeller photo

• Annual Appeal: The ZSM’s annual appeal raised $219,923 to support and renovate the Zoo’s seal and polar bear habitats.

• Conservation: The Zoological Society provided $24,358 to help support, with the Zoo, several conservation projects in 2009-2010, many involving Zoo staff. This was in addition to Debbie Aarestad of Pewaukee lights the candles the ZSM’s own international on a five-layer cake at the Zoological Society of Milwaukee’s Centennial Celebration Kickoff. bonobo-conservation project. The ZSM’s conservation coordinator, Dr. Gay Edwards Reinartz, continued to serve as coordinator of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums Bonobo Species Survival Plan while also coordinating ZSM efforts in Africa to save bonobos.

The Zoological Society’s Education Programs at the Zoo By offering extensive education programs nearly year-round, the ZSM helps the Zoo qualify for national accreditation by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). In 2010, the ZSM’s Conservation Education Department was awarded a $1,000,000 grant from Kohl’s Cares to establish Kohl’s Wild Theater, a professional theater company producing original plays with conservation messages. A theater coordinator was hired in September to begin building the company and its repertoire. Ongoing Zoological Society education programs included: ZSM Summer Camps, which are the third largest zoo- or aquariumrun camp program in the nation, drew 12,183 participants: 9,169 children and 3,014 parents in 529 camp sessions. Children who normally couldn’t afford to go to summer camps attended, thanks to renewed support from U.S. Cellular®, an anonymous donor, the Evinrude Foundation, the Peters Foundation and the Milwaukee Urban League’s Safe Alternatives for Youth fund. The ZSM served 390 children from seven neighborhood and community centers. Our summer college intern program provided 20 students (including three teaching interns) hands-on job training, thanks, in part, to generous support from the Alice Kadish Foundation, the Antonia Foundation and the Jerome and Dorothy Holz Family Foundation.

• Exhibits and buildings: The ZSM gave $543,455 in direct cash support to Zoo exhibits, including $50,000 for the 2010 summer touring exhibit: Adventure Dinosaur!, sponsored by Lowe’s, and initial funds for the Munchkin Dairy Farm, presented by the Northwestern Mutual Foundation. Also included were ZSM payments for maintenance contracts on various Zoo buildings and some equipment ($136,537).

ZSM September-May programs served 13,675 people in individual child or parent-child classes. In addition, 25,066 schoolchildren also learned about animals and science through ZSM-run programs at the Zoo or presented at schools. An additional 97,165 schoolchildren used the Zoo as a science laboratory on field trips and had ZSM curriculum available to them during self-directed tours. Programs for schoolchildren were funded in part by gifts from the Ladish Company Foundation; U.S. Cellular®; U.S. Bank; A.O. Smith Foundation, Inc.; Brady Corporation; Posner Foundation; Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation; Orth Charitable Lead Trust; and Badger Meter Foundation. The ZSM’s Animal Ambassador program has brought the world of animals and conservation to schools in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods, thanks to corporate, foundation or civic-group sponsors. The program reached 595 second-grade students and 635 third-grade students at 12 schools; 1,140 fourth graders at 19 schools; and an additional 319 students in 5 schools who experienced a modified program.

• Veterinary help: The ZSM paid $36,804 for two veterinary residents from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and $53,055 for a pathology fellowship and pathology services, aiding the Zoo’s veterinary staff.

In total, our conservation-education programs served 173,287 people in fiscal year 2009-10. The ZSM reached thousands more with conservation messages through publications, Web sites, signage, e-mail news and more. Milwaukee County Zoo

Zoological Society of Milwaukee County (ZSM) -- Year ending September 30, 2010

Financial Summary SUPPORT & REVENUE MEMBERSHIP DUES from all Zoological Society

and Platypus Society members..................................................................$5,469,308 CONTRIBUTIONS toward capital projects and specific programs..............................................$867,050 SPECIAL EVENTS PROGRAMS/SPONSORSHIPS including animal sponsorship, Zoo Ball, education, ZSM and Zoo special events and sponsorships .........................................$2,037,447

COST OF SUPPORT AND REVENUE (Support Services) MEMBERSHIP DUES Expense of providing benefits to all Zoological Society and Platypus Society members......................................................$1,226,153 SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS Expense of providing and promoting ZSM special events/programs................................................................................$456,110

TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT & REVENUE (Support Services)..............................................$1,682,263

INTEREST INCOME.....................................................................................$49,156 GRANTS..........................................................................................................$551,892

TOTAL SUPPORT & REVENUE........................$8,974,853 RECEIPTS

Membership Dues: 61%

Special Events/Programs: 23%

Contributions: 10%

EXPENSES DIRECT PROJECT COSTS Expenses relative to capital projects and specific programs.......................................................................................$348,693 ZOO SUPPORT Expense of providing, promoting and supporting education, graphics, conservation programs, special exhibit projects, and ZSM and Zoo special events; payments to the Zoo for all ZSM events; parking for Zoo Pass Plus; and coupons.............$5,997,399

Grants: 6% EXPENSES

Zoo Support, Capital & Direct Project Costs: 71%

Support Services: 18%

Research/Conservation: 7%

General & Administrative: 4%

RESEARCH/CONSERVATION Expenses relating to state, national and international programs supporting species preservation....................................................$605,227 GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE Expenses relating to daily ZSM operations................................................. $366,765

TOTAL EXPENSES.................................................$7,318,084

ZSM Cash-Flow Summary 2009-2010 Cash at start of the year................................ $886,334 Cash at end of the year.............................. $1,162,465 Net increase in cash...................................... $276,131 36

Milwaukee County Zoo

TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT, REVENUE AND EXPENSES............................$9,000,347

Milwaukee County Executive Scott Walker..............................(Through 12.20.10)

Milwaukee County Board Chairman Lee Holloway......................................... 5th District

Vice Chair Michael Mayo, Sr................................... 7th District

Board of Supervisors Mark A. Borkowski.............................. 11th District Gerry Broderick.....................................3rd District Paul Cesarz............................................ 9th District Elizabeth Coggs................................... 10th District Lynne De Bruin................................... 15th District Marina Dimitrijevic............................... 4th District Nikiya Q. Harris................................... 2nd District Willie Johnson, Jr................................. 13th District Patricia Jursik......................................... 8th District Christopher Larson.............................. 14th District Theodore Lipscomb...............................1st District Joseph A. Rice........................................ 6th District Joe Sanfelippo...................................... 17th District Jim Schmitt.......................................... 19th District Johnny Thomas................................... 18th District John F. Weishan, Jr............................... 16th District

The Milwaukee County Zoo offers equal opportunities for employees and visitors alike.

Editor: Jennifer Diliberti-Shea Designer: Isaiah Chentnik Photographer: Michael Nepper

Ribbon snake (endangered in Wisconsin).

Peggy West........................................... 12th District

Milwaukee County Zoo

10001 W. Bluemound Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226 414.771.3040 â&#x20AC;˘ www.milwaukeezoo.org

World Association of Zoos and Aquariums

Conservation Breeding Specialist Group

Zoological Information Management System