VISION The Milwaukee County Zoo will be a zoo of renown with a reputation as a leader in animal management, conservation, research and education within a wholesome recreational environment enjoying the admiration of the citizens of Milwaukee County as well as all zoo guests and other zoos of the world.
M I S S I O N STAT E M E N T The Milwaukee County Zoo will inspire public understanding, support and participation in global conservation of animal species and their environment by creating a unifying bond between our visitors and the living earth and provide an environment for personal renewal and enjoyment for our guests by: • Contributing to world wide animal management, conservation and research efforts; • Fostering sound physical, psychological and social development for the animal groups in our care; • Sharing our knowledge with the intent to reinforce the human-animal-earth bond; • Improving the quality of our professional development, administration and operating environment; • Striving for the financial self-sufficiency of the organization; • Continuing the public-private partnership with the Zoological Society of Milwaukee.
Cover photo: Western lowland gorilla, Sulaiman Inside cover photo: Cownose ray
TA B L E O F CO N T E N T S Address from the County Executive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Letter from the Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Milwaukee County Zoo History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 2014 Highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Animal Management and Health Division . . . . . . . . . . .8 Zoo Staff Conservation and Research Projects . . . . .18 Additional Conservation Efforts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Cooperative Animal Management Programs . . . . . . .24 Administration and Finance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Operating Expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 The Milwaukee County Zoo and the Zoological Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 County Executive and Board of Supervisors . . . . . . . .41
DEAR FRIENDS, For the Milwaukee County Zoo (MCZ), the year was marked by noteworthy conservation efforts, in the way of several significant animal births and acquisitions to the collection. The births were additions to the captive population of endangered and threatened species – once again positioning the Zoo as one of the leaders in captive propagation. The Zoo’s next 20-year master plan initiatives moved forward, with the Zoo’s new west entrance being among the first to be addressed. This new auxiliary parking and ticketing area is a result of the Zoo Interchange Project reconstruction, and the loss of 700 parking spaces in the Zoo’s existing lot. By May 2016, this plot of land behind the Small County Executive Chris Abele Mammals building will be a functioning visitor entrance, complete with restroom facilities and merchandise and concession areas. During the summer, the Zoo welcomed a jaguar birth; the second offspring for female Stella, and wild-born male, Pat. The birth of cub Francisco marks the propagation
of a species facing dire threats in the wild. Also of major significance was the birth of a male western lowland gorilla named Sulaiman. Born in November to first-time mother, Shalia, gorilla Sulaiman represents quite a rare birth in North American zoos. I thank the Zoo staff for its continued dedication and hard work. It takes the effort of everyone to make this organization prosper, and to continue to be considered such a treasure in our community. I would also like to acknowledge the relationship between the Zoo and the Zoological Society of Milwaukee. Each year, this public-private partnership helps strengthen the Zoo’s overall mission.
Chris Abele Milwaukee County Executive
Humboldt penguin
1
LETTER FROM THE DIRECTOR The year 2014 was marked by much activity, both with significant births as well as acquisitions to the collection. We also continued to navigate new construction hurdles in and around the Zoo, as the Zoo Interchange Project continued to progress. This substantial project will continue to impact the Zoo through 2018. northwest corner of the Zoo. Set to open in 2015, this entrance area will eventually include ticketing kiosks, restrooms, concessions and merchandise areas. I’d like to acknowledge two long-time senior staff members who retired during the year: Deputy Zoo Director of Animal Management and Health, Dr. Bruce Beeler; and Primate and Small Mammal Curator, Jan Rafert. Together, their tenure at the Zoo combined for 60+ years of dedication and service. They will be missed. We thank them for their hard work throughout the years and wish them all of the best as they begin new experiences separate from the Zoo. We once again extend a thank you to the county executive, the county board and the Zoological Society and their partners for their continued support. A number of our initiatives, renovations and special exhibits are possible because of their assistance.
Zoo Director Charles Wikenhauser
For a second consecutive summer, the Zoo welcomed back a popular live-animal exhibit, Sting Ray & Shark Bay, sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets. As in years past, visitors were thrilled to interact with harmless species of both sting rays and sharks in our 14,000-gallon touch pool. In August, our female jaguar, Stella, gave birth to a male cub named Francisco. This is the third offspring for wildborn father, Pat, once again adding new and extremely valuable genetic diversity into the captive population.
Please read on as each division shares highlights from the year.
Charles Wikenhauser Director Jaguars Stella and Francisco
In November, the entire staff was thrilled to announce the birth of a male western lowland gorilla named Sulaiman. The birth of this particular species is extremely rare in captivity, and the primate staff and entire animal care staff should be commended for this monumental birth. Western lowland gorillas are currently critically endangered in the wild. As a result of construction on the Zoo Interchange Project, our existing parking lot lost approximately 700 parking spaces. During 2014, plans continued for the construction of auxiliary Zoo entrance on an eight-acre parcel of land on the
2
an
T H E M I LWA U K E E CO U N T Y ZO O OUR HISTORY Home to more than 3,100 mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles, we’re proud our Zoo continues to be recognized as one of the finest in the country.
Our history at a glance: 1892 . . . . . . . . .The Milwaukee County Zoo (MCZ) started as a miniature mammal and bird display in Milwaukee’s downtown Washington Park 1902 . . . . . . . . .Expanded to 23 acres; now home to 800 animals 1910 . . . . . . . . .The Zoological Society was founded, lending financial support to the Zoo 1934 . . . . . . . . .Became an entity of the Milwaukee County Park Commission, which helped provide resources to expand the Zoo 1958 . . . . . . . . .Moved to its present location on 200 acres of parkland
Washington Park
Late 1960s . . .Completion of: the Primate Building, Monkey Island, Winter Quarters, Polar and Brown Bear Exhibits, and the Feline, Pachyderm, Giraffe, Bird, Small Mammal, Aquarium and Reptile and Australian Buildings 1970s . . . . . . .Added the Children’s Zoo, Train Shed, Zoo Hospital, Dall Sheep Exhibit and the Gift Shop. The Zoological Society’s volunteer organization, Zoo Pride, was established. The Zoological Society develops education programs at the Zoo. 1978 . . . . . . . . .Was one of only 22 institutions in North America accredited by the American Association of Zoological Parks & Aquariums, now named the Association of Zoos & Aquariums. 1980s . . . . . . . .Initiated a $26 million capital improvement plan, representing a significant partnership venture between the Zoo, Milwaukee County and the Zoological Society. Completion of: Wolf Woods, underwater viewing in the Polar Bear and Sea Lion Exhibits, Oceans of Fun, the Dairy Complex, Humboldt Penguins and the Peck Welcome Center 1988 . . . . . . . . .Hosted the Association of Zoos & Aquariums Annual Conference Early 1990s . .Extensive renovation of the Aviary and Primates of the World, and the completion of a new Apes of Africa Exhibit 1995 . . . . . . . . .Renovation of the Aquarium and Reptile Center; renamed the Aquatic and Reptile Center 1998 . . . . . . . . .Completed remodeling of the Small Mammals building 1999 . . . . . . . . .Initiated a $30 million capital improvement plan, representing a significant partnership venture between the Zoo, Milwaukee County and the Zoological Society
3 Timber wolf
2002 . . . . . . . . .Renovation and modernization of Lakeview Place restaurant Redesign of the Ice Cream Palace and Karibu Gift Shop Groundbreaking for the new Animal Health Center Major renovation (both indoor and outdoor quarters) to our landmark exhibit Monkey Island; renamed Macaque Island 2003 . . . . . . . . .Completion of Animal Health Center Initiated design phase of renovation to the Feline Building; animals relocated
A king penguin receives care in the new Animal Health Center.
Began initial renovations to the Stackner Heritage Farm and construction of the Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center 2004 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center Began demolition and finalized designs for Northwestern Mutual Family Farm Continued construction of the new $7.2 million Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country 2005 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country Completion of the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm Completion of the redesign and renovation of the Safari Train Station 2006 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the MillerCoors Giraffe Experience Began initial design phase for the new U.S. Bank Gathering Place 2007 . . . . . . . . .Began construction for the new U.S. Bank Gathering Place, and the new Idabel Wilmot Borchert Flamingo Exhibit and Overlook 2008 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the U.S. Bank Gathering Place Completion of the Idabel Wilmot Borchert Flamingo Exhibit and Overlook Received accreditation by the Association of Zoos & Aquariums Hosted the AZA Annual Conference 2009 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the Dohmen Family Foundation Hippo Home Completed renovation of the Taylor Family Humboldt Penguin Exhibit
Flamingos
Began upgrades for storm water management program 2010 . . . . . . . . .Installed solar panels at admission gates Installed permanent poetry exhibition The Language of Conservation, located throughout Zoo
4
2011 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the new outdoor Bonobo Exhibit, and new interpretive graphics and interactive displays to the indoor Bonobo Exhibit Opened new permanent visitor activities with Sky Trail® Wisconsin Adventure Zone Added Kohl’s Wild Theater programming to Zoo’s Northwestern Mutual Family Farm, made possible by donation to the Zoological Society 2012 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the first planning phase of a new 20-year Zoo master plan, addressing improvements in animal exhibits, visitor attractions and amenities, service facilities and operations Completed the renovated entrance to the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm Completion of the first phase of Black Bear Exhibit improvements, made possible by a donation from MillerCoors 2013 . . . . . . . . .Completion of the master plan proposal by Peckham Guyton Albers & Viets, Inc. (PGAV); will serve as a guide for the Zoo for the next 20 years Installed a new emergency broadcast system on Zoo grounds Completed design phase for the new west entrance and adjacent parking lots Continued improvements to the Black Bear Exhibit with focus on water conservation 2014 . . . . . . . . .Moved forward on plans for the new auxiliary west entrance and adjacent parking lots. This eight-acre parcel of Zoo-owned land will accommodate 500 parking spaces, and also feature ticketing, merchandise and concessions areas. Plans include an animal component, with the construction of a new outdoor North American River Otter Exhibit. Hired new Deputy Zoo Director for Animal Management and Health, Beth Rich; began position duties in August
Amur tiger
5
2014 HIGHLIGHTS Zoo Master Planning In 2013, the proposal for the Zoo’s next master plan was finalized, and the national firm of PGAV was contracted for the project. The proposal includes eight new or redeveloped animal exhibits, three non-animal attractions and five revenue-generating centers. This new master plan will serve as a guide for the park for the next 20 years and beyond, and address all aspects of the Zoo, including animal exhibits, dining, merchandise sales, and additional service and infrastructure improvements. In 2014, one of the major impacts of the Zoo Interchange Project, the loss of approximately 700 visitor parking spaces, was addressed by the proposal in planning for a new auxiliary west entrance, which includes an area for approximately 500 parking spaces.
Zoo Interchange Project The Zoo sits along a substantial stretch of freeway – to the west of downtown Milwaukee – appropriately named the Zoo Interchange. The reconstruction of the Zoo Interchange began in 2012, with major undertakings beginning in 2013. The entire project addresses this nine-mile freeway corridor
of the Zoo’s exit drive. Alternate routes to and from the Zoo, and additional signage were implemented so as not to deter guests from visiting. Likewise, the Zoo’s website was continually updated with the latest construction closures, and additional collateral pieces were designed into existing Zoo brochures to keep visitors apprised of the latest routes.
Deputy Zoo Director of Animal Management and Health With the retirement of Dr. Bruce Beehler in May, we moved to hire a replacement within a few months’ time. Beth Rich started at the Zoo August 4, managing all animal division programs, facilities, staff and the entire animal collection. She oversees an annual operating budget of $6 million and 70 employees. She brings over 17 years of experience to her new role, most recently serving as superintendent of the Tautphaus Park Zoo, Idaho Falls, Idaho from 2010 to 2014, and as general curator from 2009 to 2010. Prior to the Tautphaus Park Zoo, Rich served as an adjunct instructor, Carroll University, 2008, and as an animal care supervisor, Racine Zoological Society, 2007-2008. She also served in a number of different roles at the Zoological Society of San Diego from 1997-2007. Rich earned a Master of Arts degree in conservation education from San Diego State University, and a Bachelor of Science degree in zoology from the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Other Highlights The Zoo once again hosted a major temporary exhibit during the summer; 2014 marked the second consecutive year presenting the live sting ray and shark exhibit, Sting Ray & Shark Bay, sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets. This tropical exhibit did not disappoint, as eager visitors enjoyed feeding and interacting with these docile and attractive marine animals. New Zoo Interchange
leading to and through the actual interchange. As Wisconsin’s oldest and busiest interchange, it fully opened to traffic in 1963 and has since deteriorated with age. Again in 2014, several significant freeway ramp and bridge closures during the year affected how visitors arrived at the Zoo. One of the major construction detours was the closure of the Bluemound Bridge, which is located just east
6
The attraction and special event lineup included: Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC; the Sky Safari sponsored by PNC; Party for the Planet sponsored by American Transmission Co.; and Senior Celebration sponsored by Wheaton Franciscan Senior Health.
2014 Special Exhibit Sting Ray & Shark Bay Sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets For the second consecutive summer, the Zoo hosted an interactive sting ray and shark exhibit which allowed visitors to get up close with these unique marine animals. Displayed in our Otto Borchert Family Special Exhibits Building, the aquatic display ran May 24 through Sept. 1.
A 14,000-gallon touch pool again served as the centerpiece of the exhibit and featured cownose and southern sting rays, as well as bamboo and bonnethead sharks, all of which were non-aggressive and harmless to touch. A number of horseshoe crabs also were featured in the exhibit; which presented a sharp contrast to the sting rays and sharks. Food for the sting rays was available for purchase, allowing for an enticing way to attract these docile animals. Sting Ray & Shark Bay was $2 per person and offered an appealing way to meet sting rays and sharks without traveling to a distant location!
7
2014 ANIMAL MANAGEMENT A N D H E A LT H D I V I S I O N The Animal Management and Health Division is responsible for the management, health, husbandry, propagation and exhibition of a large and diverse collection of animals; the design and operation of the associated facilities and exhibits; the support of and participation in conservation and research programs at the Zoo and around the world; and the enhancement of the public’s knowledge and appreciation of animals. The division includes five major animal care areas: Reptiles and Aquaria, Primates and Small Mammals, Birds and Family Farm, Large Mammals, and Animal Health and Nutrition. In addition to the full-time animal care staff assigned to these areas, there are rovers – zookeepers trained in many animal areas that fill in as needed, and also night operations animal care staff. Staff also coordinate division operations, maintain detailed records and permits, and manage the Zoo library.
Animal Division Collections The animal collections serve to enhance visitors’ knowledge and appreciation of animals, and to contribute to animal species conservation. Our front-line animal care staff devote more than 100,000 hours each year toward the care of our animals. On Dec. 31, 2014 the Milwaukee County Zoo animal collection included: On Zoo Grounds
Species
Specimens
Mammals
82
346
Birds
81
327
Reptiles
43
83
Amphibians
13
40
Fish
136
1,416
Invertebrates
22
910
377
3,122
TOTAL
The animal collection owned by the Zoo and on loan to other zoological institutions included: Out on Loan
Species
Specimens
Mammals
16
41
Birds
6
11
Reptiles
6
7
0
0
28
59
Amphibians, Fish and Invertebrates
TOTAL
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists 28 of the species in our collection as endangered. Several of these species are critically endangered (on the brink of extinction
8
in the wild) such as Amur tiger, southern black rhinoceros, cotton-top tamarin and western lowland gorilla, Waldrapp ibis, Bali mynah, Chinese alligator, McCord’s snake-necked turtle, and the Grand Cayman blue iguana. Our collection also includes Guam kingfishers, which are extinct in the wild. In addition, several species in our collection are listed by the state of Wisconsin as endangered or threatened. With such a large and diverse animal collection, there are a significant number of births, transfers and deaths every year. The life expectancy of animals at our Zoo may greatly exceed the life expectancy of animals in the wild. These life expectancies vary dramatically with species – small rodents and the giant Pacific octopus are old in two years, while swans can live for decades. Female lions are ancient at 20 years of age, but our giant Amazon River turtle may be 100 years old. Animals are subject to the same types of health conditions as humans, which may result in earlier deaths.
Onassis, Amazon River turtle
Staff members devote much thought and time toward enriching the lives of the Zoo animals. They provide mental and physical stimulation to the animals by varying their social structure, mixing compatible species together, changing habitats, offering interesting scents, providing manipulation devices, engaging them in positive reinforcement training, distributing food treats for foraging opportunities, and supplying toys and problem-solving reward devices.
the Amazon Basin. A school of white bass was added to the Lake Wisconsin Exhibit, which displays the larger fishes that inhabit our state’s lakes and rivers.
2014 HIGHLIGHTS REPTILES AND AQUARIA Aquatic and Reptile Center In 2014, there were four significant changes to the Aquatic and Reptile Center (ARC) animal collection, in addition to the repair and renovation of several 22-year-old exhibits to house a different collection of reptiles. Our collection of large snakes native to Wisconsin (bullsnake, rat snake and timber rattlesnake) were moved to a large display with new substrate and props, allowing the snakes to display their natural behaviors. On the recommendation of the Aruba Island Rattlesnake Species Survival Program® (SSP), our Aruba Island rattlesnakes were sent to other institutions to breed. Their exhibit was renovated to display an ornate box turtle. This species is one of Wisconsin’s most endangered reptiles and was the subject of a longterm headstarting program at our Zoo. As a result of this program, 20 juvenile ornate box turtles Rat snake were released into Wisconsin prairies; 336 of which were raised at our Zoo. An exhibit dedicated to the eastern massasauga rattlesnake was developed to highlight this native Wisconsin specie. This snake is endangered throughout its range, and is the subject of an AZA Species Survival Plan. Our male was bromated to prepare him physiologically for breeding with our female during the summer. Numerous breeding events were recorded, so we are hopeful that our female will drop a clutch of offspring in 2015.
The Area Supervisor of the Aquatic and Reptile Center spearheaded a partnership with the Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch program. On a regular basis, Zoo Pride volunteers host a special outreach cart in the ARC informing visitors about sustainable seafood options.
BIRDS AND FAMILY FARM Aviary In anticipation of a new roof for the building, the Aviary didn’t receive any new species during the year. However, many existing birds did receive new potential mates as part of the Zoo’s ongoing efforts to breed recommended species for AZA. Bali Mynah, hooded pitta, Nicobar pigeon, red-crested cardinal, sunbittern, Humboldt and rockhopper penguins all arrived at our Zoo to participate in their respective Species Survival Programs®. All were successfully introduced to their new mates, and we are hopeful 2015 will result in more offspring. Also, we had offspring from our Gentoo and Humboldt penguins, crested wood partridge, Inca terns, pheasant pigeons, and spangled cotinga. We were the only zoo in North America to breed spangled cotinga in 2014. A total of 18 offspring from our previous breeding efforts departed our Zoo for new homes at 14 different institutions around the country. The chestnut teal were a first-time breeding success for the Aviary, and joined crested wood partridges, Gentoo penguins, green-naped pheasant pigeons, red-billed hornbills, a Cinereous vulture and a trumpeter swan, who now all call our Zoo home. We also created a new habitat for one of our pairs of Cinereous vultures, which, while not on public display, hopefully will give it the privacy needed to produce eggs in the future.
A new king cobra was put onto display in July. She grew quickly – in little more than a year she went from weighing 3 ounces to 1 ½ pounds. Fishes that had not been part of the collection for a number of years were added to our 55,000-gallon exhibits. An arawana, oscars and a school of silver dollar pacus were added to the Flooded Forest Exhibit, which highlights fishes from
Chestnut teals
9
We also continued to support avian conservation initiatives by sending a keeper to Maryland to help with captive whooping crane rearing. Our in-house migratory bird monitoring, feeding and banding program continued. We also continue to test different avian collision abatement products throughout the Zoo in an effort to find the most effective, cost-friendly and aesthetically pleasing method of reducing window strikes.
Northwestern Mutual Family Farm From an animal perspective, the year was relatively quiet at the farm. We saw two cow births during the year, an Ayrshire in December (Ginger) and a red and white Holstein in October (Belle).
World Bird Sanctuary continued its longstanding relationship with the Zoo by providing another summer of entertainment in the Kohl’s Wild Theater. Flighted raptors, as well as numerous other exotic avifauna, come to us each summer for three shows daily. The final addition to the Family Farm was our new beehive. Working with our local beekeeper, Andy Hempken, on design elements, a local Eagle Scout, Will Gorecki, planned, fundraised and constructed a completely new observation hive for the farm. This was just one of many Eagle Scout projects the Zoo has been involved in throughout the year.
LARGE MAMMALS The Large Mammal Sections of the Zoo include: Big Cat Country, North America/Australia, Pachyderm/Giraffe, and African/South American Hoofstock/Camels. In all of these areas, staff continue to manage an extensive animal collection with a progressive training program using operant conditioning. Training the animals to cooperate willingly for health exams, sample collections and husbandry procedures allows for an enriching and stress-free environment. Samples collected under these conditions are used to determine normal biological parameters in exotic species, and also to monitor the overall animal health and reproductive status.
Big Cat Country
Red and white Holstein calf
We also received nine chickens, six female Wyandotte hens and three brahma hens who will make their public appearance in spring of 2015 in our new chicken coop next to the front entrance. This yard completes our renovation of the farm entrance, giving it a more inviting appearance. We added two new toads and an eastern tiger salamander to our program collection. These animals can be seen during petting ring demonstrations from Memorial Day to Labor Day, and are part of our educational outreach programming. The Goat Yard will have some new faces in 2015 as we transition our herd into pure Nigerian dwarf goats; the first three arriving in the fall. These animals are much smaller than most of our current collection, which makes them less intimidating to our younger visitors.
10
Big Cat Country had a very busy year. Three animals arrived in June including Camelia the caracal from the Audubon Nature Institute. Camelia was acquired to exhibit in the indoor cheetah display while the cheetahs use the outdoor yard. Two female cheetahs, Imara and Kira, were the other June arrivals, coming to Milwaukee from Wildlife Safari in Winston, Oregon. They replace our old male, Nama, who died in February. Also in June, we were fortunate to have snow leopard cub Sossy born to parents Tomiris and Genghis. Due to the ages of the parents, we were only cautiously optimistic that
Caracal
any cubs would be produced. Sossy went through a long period of physical therapy to correct conformation issues with his back legs, but has gained full mobility and maneuvers through his exhibit without any problems. Keepers, veterinarians and outside consultants all put in a large amount of time and effort to give Sossy the attention he needed to walk properly. On an unfortunate note, Sossy’s sire Genghis had to be humanely euthanized in September. Last, but certainly not least, Pat and Stella, our popular jaguar pair, had a second litter of cubs in August. Male Francisco is the only surviving cub and continues to be exhibited with Stella heading into 2015. The older jaguar cubs born in 2012 both departed Milwaukee to form new breeding pairs. B’alam moved in September to the San Antonio Zoo, and Zean departed in December for Elmwood Park Zoo in Norristown, Pennsylvania. Each of them will be paired with one of two sisters from Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle.
Also added to the Australia building were three young female red kangaroos from Dickerson Park Zoo in Springfield, Missouri, and a young male emu to act as a companion to our adult emu Arnold. Finally, two sandhill cranes were added to the collection and released into the Moose Yard, and they’ve adapted well to their new home. Matschie’s tree kangaroo
Wolf Awareness Day in October provided fun activities such as the annual howling contest, and opportunities for visitors to learn about the history and recovery of the Wisconsin timber wolf population. Unfortunately the one disposition we did have in the area this year was the loss of Koda, one of our aging wolves.
North America/Australia The North America/Australia area had a very busy year as well. The big news was the birth of a male harbor seal in June. King Julian is the first harbor seal born at our Zoo, and the first for wild-born parents Ringo and Sydney, adding valuable genetic diversity to the North American zoo population. Staff worked very hard learning the ins and outs of trying to get a harbor seal pup to eat fish during a very educational weaning process.
Pachyderms/Giraffe The big news for the year in pachyderms was the arrival of two red river hogs. Brothers, Mango and Radish, arrived from the Charles Paddock Zoo in May and took up seasonal residence in the renovated Warthog Exhibit next to the elephants. This is the first time our Zoo has exhibited red river hogs. The only other collection change was the loss of our 23year-old female bongo antelope, Meru. Meru is the oldest bongo ever recorded according to the international studbook, a testimony to the exemplary care she received over her long lifetime from animal keepers and veterinary staff. The fifth annual Elephant Awareness Day was a great success, providing visitors with activities and information about elephants, and also raising funds for wild elephant conservation.
African & South American Hoofstock/Camels Harbor seal
The Australia building had a lot of activity, as a Matschie’s tree kangaroo, Jucque, emerged from the pouch in the spring. She’ll remain with her mother, Kiama, until mid2015. With Jucque’s birth, Kiama became the oldest of her species known to produce an offspring. In April we sent male, Kokoda, to Franklin Park Zoo in Boston, and received a new unrelated male, Ronji, from Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle. Once he is old enough, Ronji will be paired with our third female, Kiama’s 2-year-old daughter, Tia.
It was a relatively quiet year for collection changes in the hoofstock areas. A female alpaca, Frankie, was born in August. Also in August we received Stan, a male Bactrian camel, from the St. Louis Zoo. As he matures, Stan will be allowed to breed with our female camel, AJ, who was born here in 2012. Dispositions in the area include the departure of male alpaca, Phoenix. Phoenix has three surviving female offspring residing here, and so was transferred to avoid inbreeding. The only other disposition was the humane euthanasia due to medical issues of elderly impala, Saffron, in February.
11
PRIMATES AND SMALL MAMMALS Apes of Africa, Primates of the World and Macaque Island
increased our group size from 20 to 21 bonobos. Seven of these are under the age of five, so there is always a lot of playful activity.
Significant changes took place during the year with regard to our gorilla program. In March, we had our first gorilla birth at our Zoo in 22 years. This was the first baby for both Cassius, our breeding male, and for 13-year-old Naku. Naku arrived here in 2011 from the Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle. She proved to be an outstanding mother and Cassius greatly impressed us all with his skill at controlling the new group dynamics. Sadly, the mortality rate for infant gorillas, both in captivity and in the wild, is very high. Naku’s baby died at age 4 weeks. While this was a definite setback, both Naku and Cassius are now proven breeders and skilled parents. Hopefully, it will only be a matter of time before Naku has another infant.
Due to our animal care staff members’ diligent work over the years using positive reinforcement training techniques with our primates, we’ve been able to document fetal development by use of ultrasonography on freely cooperating pregnant females. Faith’s pregnancy provided another opportunity to gather information for critical research. Dr. Barbara Drews, from the Max Planck Institute in Germany, visited twice this year to conduct ultrasounds on the expectant mother and gather vital information for the continuation of her research protocol titled “Fetal Brain Development in Bonobos and Humans: an Ultrasonography Study.”
In November, Cassius once again became a father. Shalia, another first-time mom, gave birth to a healthy male. Shalia came to us on a breeding loan from the Toronto Zoo in 2012, and is an attentive mother. Previously low ranking, her position in the group has elevated significantly with the birth of her baby.
The most common cause of mortality in captive great apes is cardiac disease. Our bonobos, gorillas and orangutans continue to voluntarily participate in fully awake echocardiograms. Awake blood pressure measurements also are collected voluntarily from our bonobos and orangutans utilizing a finger cuff. Monitoring blood pressure is a critical step forward in the detection and treatment of cardiac disease in our apes. The Primates of the World building has seen a few changes. In April 2014, our adult female orangutan, MJ, was called upon to act as a surrogate to an infant male orangutan born at the Toledo Zoo. Due to facility limitations and the very young age of the infant, the adoption was not successful. However, while here, the infant learned to rely on an orangutan for his maternal needs and to transfer his social bond from humans to one of his own kind. This contributed greatly in securing a successful surrogacy for him elsewhere.
Outdoor Gorilla Yard renovation
Much needed renovations began in the Outdoor Gorilla Yard. This was made possible through a generous grant from Northwestern Mutual Foundation and contributions from the Zoological Society’s annual appeal. The renovations include a new water feature, climbing platforms and landscaping. The exhibit reopens in spring of 2015. Our Zoo has one of the largest collection of bonobos in the world. A new birth in September to first-time mom, Faith,
12
There were no births or deaths in 2014, but two male primates were placed in breeding situations at other zoos. Harry, a DeBrazza monkey, was sent to the Bramble Park Zoo in South Dakota, and Maxwell, a Goeldi’s monkey, went to the Cheyenne Mountain Zoological Park in Colorado. There have been no changes to the population of Japanese Macaques on Macaque Island. We currently have two adult males and four adult females. The groundwork has begun to import an additional group from Japan.
OTHER RESEARCH AND STUDIES • Fetal brain development in bonobos and humans: an ultrasonographic study • Age-related changes in thyroid hormone levels of bonobos
Finally, the Maholi bushbaby pair had its first successful birth, and hopefully there will be more births in the future.
Small Mammals The Small Mammals Section was busy again this year, as we had a number of changes in our collection. After battling health issues for several years, our male ringtailed lemur finally succumb to kidney disease. He lived here for more than 17 years, and was euthanized at age 24. Our female Goeldi’s monkey also was euthanized due to chronic liver disease and other health issues. Our pair of potto was sent to the Cincinnati Zoo. While part of our animal collection, this pair had one female offspring who still currently resides here. We’re hoping to find a mate for her soon. It was recommended we relocate our female fennec fox to the Smithsonian National Zoo, as our pair was no longer recommended to breed. The vampire bat colony experienced many setbacks this year. Sadly, seven members of our collection died. After much testing and trials, it was discovered that the colony was vitamin C deficient. Vitamin C is now added to their daily diet of blood and the colony is recovering. Two male cotton-top tamarins were sent to other zoos this year as well. One of our male meerkats passed away. He was geriatric and had multiple health issues. Our 17year-old male golden-lion tamarin was euthanized due to complication of kidney disease. We lost three of our straw-colored fruit bats this year, including our oldest female. She was the last member of our colony born in Africa. She had been at our Zoo for 32 years. Sadly, we also lost our female golden-headed lion tamarin. She had been diagnosed with cancer and had undergone chemotherapy. She was such a trooper and will be missed by all. Lastly, we were very sad to unexpectedly lose one of our North American river otter brothers to possible stroke. The two otter brothers were public favorites and very dear to many hearts. Oscar, the surviving brother, is doing well. On a more positive note, a female ring-tailed lemur was acquired as a new companion animal for our remaining older female, and a female Goeldi’s monkey was acquired as a new companion animal for our adult male. We acquired a young male red ruffed lemur as a non-breeding companion for our female. We also have a new young female fennec fox as a mate for our male.
Maholi bushbaby
A N I M A L H E A LT H & NUTRITION Animal Health Center The veterinary staff at the Animal Health Center manages the medical care, preventive health programs and the nutrition programs of the Zoo’s entire animal collection. Some of the procedures performed in 2014 included: 365 anesthetic procedures; 1,060 parasite exams run on 512 samples; 2,108 written prescriptions; 281 radiographic procedures, including eight CT scans; and over 3,700 medical record entries for 548 individual animals representing 220 species. On average, each day of the year there were eight animals in the Animal Health Center. Many were those kept in quarantine before releasing them to the main zoological collection. These included: a red ruffed, and a ring-tailed lemur; a Matschie’s tree kangaroo; a pair of cheetah; a pair of red river hogs, which is a new species to the collection. Also going through quarantine were two different breeds of chickens destined for the new hen house at the Family Farm, a hooded pitta, a Bali Mynah, speckled mousebirds, a tiger salamander, a painted turtle and a grey rat snake. Other hospital residents were being treated for a variety of illnesses, or held for shipment or management purposes. Our big change for 2014 was the transition from the MEDARKS, the old DOS-based medical records keeping system,
13
serve as veterinarians at the Indianapolis, St. Louis, and Oklahoma City zoos, Busch Gardens in Tampa, Ocean Park in Hong Kong and as an assistant professor at the School of Veterinarian Medicine in Madison. The pathology fellowship is a three-year program that offers specialized training to pathologists interested specifically in zoo and exotic animal pathology, and provides us with information crucial to managing our collection. Our sixth pathology fellow, since the program’s 1997 inception, began in July 2013 following two years in a general pathology residency program at the University of Tennessee.
The Zoo’s veterinary staff at work with Oceans of Fun
to ZIMS-Medical, the medical version of the Zoological Information Management System. In November, all old records were imported into the new system, and staff took the remainder of the year to learn how to efficiently enter information and use the new system. As of the end of the year, it’s still a work in progress. The Animal Health Center also is upgrading to digital radiographic equipment. This upgrade will save personnel time, reduce anesthesia time for the animals, preclude the use of hazardous chemicals, and allow us to take better images easy to send worldwide as part of the animal’s record, or for consultation with other veterinarians and radiologists. The Animal Health Center is a renowned zoo veterinary medicine teaching hospital. Programs include two clinical zoo medicine residencies and a zoo pathology fellowship program funded by the Zoological Society. All are conducted in collaboration with the University of WisconsinMadison School of Veterinary Medicine. The three-year clinical residency program provides specialty training in zoo and exotic animal medicine. The residents alternate their time at the Zoo, and the program has expanded the time residents spend at the Zoo from four months a year to six months. This increases the amount of training they receive in a zoological setting. In 2014, we had two residents, one in her second year, and one that began his first year in July. A third clinical residency was approved and that resident begins in 2015. All past residents are employed, and now
14
The veterinary staff also conduct a Zoological Medicine Extern Program for veterinary students, spending between four to eight weeks at our Zoo. Three veterinary students completed the externship in 2014.
Animal Commissary The Animal Commissary receives, evaluates and stores most of the animal food and supplies before daily delivery on request to multiple areas of the Zoo where animal diets are prepared. Our large, spacious, cement-floored hay barn was improved this year with a new membrane roof that includes multiple skylights for natural lighting during the day to save on electrical costs. We also purchased a new electric pallet jack, as the original unit, in operation for almost 40 years, entered a well-deserved retirement due to the unavailability of parts. In 2014, more than 200 types of food were purchased with an animal food budget of $585,000. A few examples include: 235 tons of hay, 31,000 crickets, 5 tons of carrots, 4 tons of frozen herring, 10 tons of bananas, 6 tons of bear-diet pellets, almost 11 tons of beef feline-diet mix and more than 7,000 eggs.
S U P P O RT O P E RAT I O N S Animal Records Records have been kept for the almost 20,000 individual animals that have been managed in our collection since it opened in 1892. Today, AZA-accredited zoos keep very detailed up-to-date records for each animal, telling its life story from birth to death. Identifying characteristics or marks, all background information, measurements, behavior, breeding
management, enclosure information, behavioral enrichment, training, diet/feeding, development, and medical notes and procedures are included in the animal’s record. All of the information that the animal care staff observe is reported daily to the registrar, who records the information electronically in a database called Zoological Inventory Management System (ZIMS). In 2014, the Zoo added thousands of entries into this database. The Zoological Inventory Management System is the largest global animal management network in the world. The central database contains information on 2.6 million animals – more than 10,000 species – held in more than 800 institutions in 80 countries, as well as some animals in the wild that are participants in release and relocation projects. More than 20,000 zoo, aquarium and conservation professionals worldwide use the information contained in ZIMS for conservation programs. Animal medical information is vital to the care of the animal collection. Our Zoo began using the new Medical Module incorporated into ZIMS late in 2014. It is used to create a detailed medical record for each animal, and includes clinical notes and information regarding prescriptions, treatments, cryo-preservation records and more. The formerly used Medical Animal Records Keeping System, known as MedARKS, will be utilized for a little while longer for pathology and necropsy information.
Regulatory Agencies Our Zoo partners with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, the Milwaukee Area Domestic Animal Control Center and other agencies. We provide these agencies with expertise and assistance toward the conservation and protection of animals in the wild and in captivity.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Exhibitor permit Plant Pests, Noxious Weed, Soil Movement permit U.S. Department of the Interior Marine Mammal Protection Act permit State of Wisconsin: Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Depredation permit (Canada goose and eggs) DATCP Johne’s Disease-Free Herd classification DATCP Chronic Wasting Disease-Free Herd classification
Library and Archive The Zoo Library and Archive, located in the Administration Annex in the Northwestern Mutual Family Farm, is a research library that provides information resources to staff of the Milwaukee County Zoo, the Zoological Society of Milwaukee, Zoo Pride volunteers and to the public. The library collection includes books and academic/scientific periodicals in the following subject areas: zoological science; animal husbandry; management of animals in captivity; animal behavior; animal nutrition; veterinary medicine; wildlife conservation; birds; fishes; invertebrates; mammals; reptiles and amphibians; aquarium management; aquatic life; horticulture; zoological gardens; history of zoological science; zoo administration; and zoo, aquarium and museum exhibits. The library also collects ephemeral materials from U.S. and foreign zoos and aquariums. This collection is the largest collection of zoo ephemera in the country. The library also has a number of animal-themed art works, including prints, sculptures, and paintings.
The Zoo complies with regulations and permit requirements of international treaties, and national and state laws regarding animal conservation, management, care, health and safety. Examples of permits received by the Zoo in 2014 include:
International: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species import permit (CITES)
National:
The Zoo Library and Archive
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Captive Bred Wildlife permit Migratory Bird Special Purpose permit Depredation permit Native Endangered Species Recovery permit
The archive preserves materials that are crucial to the history of our Zoo and of zoos in the United States. The collection includes photos, slides, DVDs, VHS cassettes, 16mm films, historic postcards, personal papers, veterinary records and
15
MCZ historical records on paper and microfiche. These materials are housed in a climate-controlled environment for preservation purposes. The library staff includes one part-time professional librarian who provides reference services, assists in research, maintains the catalog and manages both the library and archives collections. The librarian also works part-time for the Zoological Society as the information specialist, managing the Society’s photo database and researching information for exhibit signage. A total of 15 Zoo Pride volunteers assist the librarian on library and archive projects. Wattled curassow
CO N S E R VAT I O N , R E S E A R C H A N D P R O PA G AT I O N P R O G R A M S In 2014, the Zoo managed and/or contributed to diverse conservation, research and propagation programs at local, regional, national and international levels. The senior animal staff, including specialty curators, staff veterinarians and the deputy Zoo director, develop, implement and manage these programs. Front-line staff also actively manage and participate in many of these programs. Collaborative efforts with other conservation-oriented institutions and agencies are essential to the effectiveness of these efforts. In addition to the commitment of Zoo resources and the resources of collaborating institutions, significant funding came from Zoo trust funds and the Zoological Society.
Red river hogs
Conservation and Research Program Collaborative Support The Zoo provides funding and/or staff support to selected conservation initiatives and research projects. Highlights for support in 2014 include: IUCN Conservation Breeding Specialist Group
Global
Turtle Survival Program
Global
Polar Bears International
Pan-Arctic
International Elephant Foundation
Africa and Asia
International Rhino Foundation
Africa and Asia
Ape TAG Conservation Initiative
Africa and Asia
Great Ape Survival Partnership
Africa and Asia
Phoenix Fund Amur Tiger Project
Russia
International Snow Leopard Trust
Nepal
Tree Kangaroo Conservation Program
Papua New Guinea
Orangutan Outreach
Borneo and Sumatra
Hornbill Nestbox Adoption
Thailand
Fennec Fox Conservation Project
North Africa
Bonobo and Congo Biodiversity Initiative
Democratic Republic of Congo
Lola Ya Bonobo – Bonobo Sanctuary
Democratic Republic of Congo
Virunga Park Protection Project
Democratic Republic of Congo
Tarangire Elephant Project
Tanzania
Kibale Fuel Wood Project
Uganda
Berggorilla and Regenwald Direkthilfe Gorilla Project
Rwanda
Adopt an Ostrich Program/Sahara Conservation Fund
Niger
Elephants for Africa
Botswana
Cheetah Conservation Botswana
Botswana
Egyptian Vulture Migration Study
Djibouti
Madagascar Fauna Group
Madagascar
Grenada Frog Study
Grenada
Grenada Bank Treeboa Study
Grenada
Grenada Coral Reef Study
Grenada
Leatherback Turtle Study – Ocean Spirits
Grenada
Rock Iguana Conservation
Jamaica
Rock Iguana Conservation
Grand Cayman
Whooping Crane Recovery Project
National
AZA Elephant Welfare Project
National
Piping Plover Recovery Project
Great Lakes
Ornate Box Turtle Headstart Program
Wisconsin
Butler’s Garter Snake Ecology
Wisconsin
Herp Fund – WIDNR
Wisconsin
Migratory and Resident Avifauna Study
Zoo
Starhead Topminnow Spawning Research
Zoo
Mississippi Gopher Frog Management
Zoo
Great Ape Heart Project
International
Milwaukee Ape Heart Project
Zoo
Great Ape Cardiovascular Disease Study
Zoo
Great Ape Ultrasound Studies
Zoo
Bonobo Cardiovascular Database
Zoo
Alpaca
The Zoo also provides funding for collaborative conservation and research initiatives, including: Avian Scientific Advisory Group Penguin Taxon Advisory Group Great Apes Taxon Advisory Group International Species Inventory System AZA Wildlife Contraception Center
17
ZO O STA F F CO N S E R VAT I O N A N D R E S E A RC H P ROJ EC T S Zoo staff participate in wildlife conservation and research projects at local, regional and international levels. Many of the Zoo staff projects listed below were made possible with funding from the Zoological Society of Milwaukee.
Grenada Coral Reef Study In 2009, our research efforts in the Caribbean expanded to the surrounding ocean, as we joined the Wisconsin Lutheran College’s reef monitoring program in Grenada. The purpose of this project is to compare the long-term health of the coral reefs found in Grenada’s marine protected areas with other areas that receive no protection. We hope to demonstrate the economic benefits of protected areas to the tourist industry and fishing communities of Grenada.
Grand Cayman blue iguana
In 2014, a second paper was published about this research in the International Journal of Tropical Biology. This study has become more defined as it entered its eighth year. Two species of corals are being compared, a “weedy,” rather delicate branched coral, and a massive coral that builds the framework of a healthy coral reef. The numerous fish species inhabiting the reef are now being categorized by size class. If fish populations are rebounding, we would expect to see a gradual increase in the size of the fishes in the reserve within the protected areas.
Grenada Frog Study The Grenada frog was once widespread on the island nation of Grenada. During the late 1880s, a related frog species, Johnstone’s frog, was introduced. Since that time, Johnstone’s frog has spread throughout the
18
island and the Grenada frog has retreated to small isolated pockets (seven square miles) in the mountain rainforests. In 2004, the Zoo, the Milwaukee Public Museum and the Grenada Forestry and National Parks Department initiated a field study to determine if these two species can successfully coexist. In February of 2009, we noted the numbers of frogs observed had dropped for a third consecutive year. As a result, frogs were sampled to determine if they were carrying the deadly frog-killing fungus called chytrid. Unfortunately, the fungus was found at all of the sampling sites. Chytrid could lead to the extinction of the Grenada frog. The Zoo and its collaborators began to develop a Conservation Action Plan for the frog in 2010. In 2011, it appeared the frog populations in Grenada had stabilized and in 2012 they seemed to be rebounding. Data from 2013, however, seem to indicate that both frog species may be experiencing a second wave of decline. The number of frogs encountered on surveys conducted during the first 6 months of 2014 were little different from the 2013 survey numbers. Continued monitoring is necessary to verify this observation. Unfortunately, surveys were not conducted during the rainy season of 2014 due to health concerns for the research team, as an epidemic of Chikungunya virus was raging amongst the human population of Grenada at that time.
Rock Iguana Conservation Projects The Zoo and the Zoological Society have supported rock iguana conservation in the genus Cyclura since 1995. In 2003, this support increased with the addition of fieldwork studies of the Grand Cayman blue iguana and Jamaican iguana. Blue iguanas are one of the most endangered lizard species in the world. A 2003 census indicated there might have been as few as 12 Grand Cayman blue iguanas in the wild. Because of the efforts of several zoos, including ours, the population is now estimated to number more than 200. The Jamaican iguana, once thought to be extinct in the wild, is still very much in peril.
The Zoo has participated in the fieldwork for these collaborative efforts, resulting in successful releases of captivehatched, raised-and-released iguanas back into the wilds of Grand Cayman and Jamaica. Also, through observations and radio tracking, data have been collected for the first time on the habits of these rare species from both raisedand-released iguanas and free-ranging wild individuals. In 2014, the Zoo sent a zookeeper to survey blue iguanas on one of the Grand Cayman Islands. Additionally, a veterinary technician was sent to assist in the health screening of the iguanas. She has been assisting the veterinary staff of the Wildlife Conservation Society with iguana health screenings since 2009. More fieldwork is scheduled, and we’ll be sending additional staff to assist fieldworkers with nest monitoring and protection, health screenings and radio tracking. Staff also assist with the maintenance of iguana raise-and-release facilities. Zoo personnel have been involved with Jamaican iguana conservation since 2002. During the nesting season, usually early June, wild iguanas are monitored at known nest sites. Nesting females are observed and individually identified. Once they have laid their clutch, the iguanas are captured for health screening. In early September, 95 days after nesting, the hatching season begins. Each newly hatched iguana is weighed, measured, sexed, transpondered, has blood collected and is released or taken to Jamaica’s Hope Zoo for headstarting. In 2013, more than 300 hatchlings were processed, an increase of 30 percent from 2012, but in 2014, the number of hatchlings declined nearly 50 percent from the 2013 total. Future hatching success will be monitored closely. Although it is too soon to be sure, climate change may be putting additional pressure on the already precarious population. Additionally, the Jamaican government is considering a proposal by a developer to build a shipping port. If built, the disturbance and accessibility the port would create would further threaten this species.
Grenada Bank Treeboa Study Since 2003, the Zoo has been working with Bob Henderson (Milwaukee Public Museum Curator Emeritus) on a Grenada Bank treeboa demographics project. In 2010, we also began collaboration with E. Marie Rush, DVM, and St. George’s University, Grenada. Her project encompasses demographics, ecto- and endoparasite identification, and baseline blood parameters. Future studies also will include DNA analysis of pooled blood samples to identify subpopulations of the species.
Starhead Topminnow Breeding Starhead topminnows are an endangered fish species in Wisconsin. Although there have been a few cases of successful captive reproduction in the private sector, there are no reports of breeding in zoos or aquariums. Several pairs were collected in July 2007 with the intent of developing spawning techniques that could be used by the Wisconsin DNR should a captive breeding program become a necessity. One or two pairs have been collected each year since, in order to maintain the genetic diversity of the Zoo’s captive population. Fishes from this program have been sent to the Urban Ecology Center and other aquariums and nature centers for display.
Longear Sunfish Conservation Although somewhat common in the South, the longear sunfish are an endangered species in Wisconsin. In collaboration with the Wisconsin DNR, a total of 48 longear sunfish were translocated into an artificial pond in front of our Aviary. The purpose is an attempt to establish an assurance colony of longear sunfish from the Mukwonago River in Wisconsin. Only 300 yards of this river support a thriving population of this species. Unfortunately, this stretch of river is crossed by two highways and a railroad trestle. If an accidental toxic spill occurs along this site, the longear sunfish, and several other fish species of conservation concern, could be wiped out. If the colony takes hold, additional longear sunfish will be captured every year in order to maintain a genetically viable population.
Migratory and Resident Avifauna Study Since 2001, Zoo staff and volunteers have continued to mist-net and leg-band wild birds on Zoo grounds to determine the numbers and species that use our grounds as a stopover site during migration. To date, the team has identified 182 species of native migratory birds. Of these identified species, 44 are listed as rare, threatened or of special concern in Wisconsin, and 45 have been identified as nesting on Zoo grounds. Because of these remarkable findings, the Wisconsin DNR has designated the Zoo as a recognized migratory bird stopover habitat. In addition, bird-banding demonstrations are conducted each year during the Zoo’s Migratory bird-banding at the Zoo
19
special Earth Day event, Party for the Planet, in which visitors can observe the banding process and release birds. In 2013, a hummingbird study began with hummingbird feeders installed on Zoo grounds. In 2014, we initiated a banding protocol for this unique species of birds as well.
Wild Bird Collision Abatement Zoo and Society staff, plus volunteers, are involved with minimizing the amount of injury and mortality associated with bird-window collisions by actively modifying existing structures to mitigate strikes. By applying stencils, striping, silhouettes and decals, as well as using netting and better planting practices, we are reducing the number of birdrelated mortalities as a result of window collisions. In 2014, various materials were applied on selected windows at the Zoo to allow us to evaluate the appearance, effectiveness and durability of window-collision prevention measures. To date, the parachute cord product seems to be the most cost effective and aesthetically-friendly application; you’ll see it on various buildings throughout the Zoo,
Migratory Bird Support
studies on nontoxic alternatives to controlling sandhill crane depredation on crops. In 2006, a juvenile whooping crane with a broken wing had been deemed unreleasable by the USFWS. The crane, Torch, was received by the Zoo for veterinary care and display. An exhibit was created for Torch at our Wong Family Pheasantry to house this bird after the injury healed. Zoo patrons can learn his story as well as get the full history of the Crane Recovery Program through signage near his exhibit. In 2008, a juvenile female whooping crane, Tiki, was brought to the Zoo as a companion for Torch. Tiki hatched from an egg laid in the wild but artificially incubated. She was raised in Patuxent, Maryland, before traveling back to Necedah, Wisconsin, to be part of the Autumn Release Program. Injuries sustained from another crane during Tiki’s flight training rendered Tiki unreleasable.
The Zoo and Society also are committed to educating the community about migratory birds by placing several different types of feeders throughout the Zoo, and planting native species of plants that provide cover and food for migratory birds. Bird feeders placed next to the Dall Sheep Exhibit, as well as next to the Peck Welcome Center boardwalk serve as examples of what people can do to help migratory birds in their own backyards. Nest boxes are placed around Lake Evinrude for bluebird, chickadee, house wren and tree swallow nesting. Chickadees and tree swallows have fledged from these boxes. In 2014, we expanded this program with several new feeding stations throughout the Zoo.
Whooping Crane Conservation The Milwaukee County Zoo assists the International Crane Foundation (ICF) and USFWS with whooping crane recovery by acting as a medical care location for injured whooping cranes that were part of the release program. The Whooping Crane Recovery Program is responsible for bringing the number of wild cranes back from a low of 16 individuals in the 1940s, to a total of more than 500 individuals collectively in captivity and in the wild. The ICF uses donated funds to aid in the captive-rearing, release and management of wild cranes as well as developing new release techniques to bolster the existing population. The ICF also presents outreach programs to educate the public on the plight of the cranes as well as conducts
20
Whooping crane
Tiki and Torch have now been living together for several years and in 2013 and 2014, they nested, and an egg was laid each year. We are hopeful that someday they may be able to contribute their genes to help bolster the wild population.
In 2012, 2013 and 2014, the Zoo and the Zoological Society provided funds for a zookeeper to learn more about the handling, restraint, hand-rearing and general husbandry practices used by a USFWS facility in Patuxent, Maryland; the world’s most successful breeder of whooping cranes.
Humboldt Penguin Conservation and Research Our Zoo has a long and storied history with the conservation of Humboldt penguins in their native range, which is restricted to the coasts of Peru and Chile. In 1994, the Zoo initiated a long-term research program to study a breeding colony of Humboldt penguins in Algarrobo, Chile. Several journal articles and publications related to this study and the captive management were completed in 2014.
Milwaukee Ape Heart Project: Gene Analysis for ARVC in Bonobos Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), discovered in one of our bonobos in 2013, has now also been identified in chimps and gorillas. In humans, ARVC can be inheritable and causes replacement of the normal heart muscle with fatty tissue in the right ventricle, leading to heart disease, fatal arrhythmias and early death. We are continuing to explore the genetic mutations that may cause ARVC in bonobos through collaboration with a molecular genetics team at the Medical College of Wisconsin. Genetic analysis is currently underway.
Great Ape Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease For a number of years, the Zoo has worked at training bonobos for voluntary participation in allowing indirect blood pressure measurements to be collected using finger cuffs. This work has allowed us to be the first to document hypertension in an awake animal and to prove that treatment with oral blood pressure medications results in lowering of blood pressure and lessening of heart enlargement. Our success with measuring awake blood pressures in bonobos has been recognized by the Great Ape heart Project, who has submitted a large grant to
expand blood pressure measurements in other zoos holding bonobos, in order to develop normal ranges for finger blood pressure and identify critical points for therapeutic intervention with anti-hypertensive medication. The Bonobo Cardiovascular Database is housed at our Zoo and is an integral partner of the Great Ape Heart Project. Our data quality is the highest of that collected for all species of captive great apes, and was selected to be the first set of information entered into the new Great Ape Heart Project Database.
Great Ape Research For many years, the Zoo has provided researchers with access to our great apes. Positive-reinforcement training by staff has resulted in the willing participation of our bonobos, gorillas and orangutans in groundbreaking studies regarding health, cognition, tool use and behavior. The apes can leave the research area whenever they wish, but almost always respond positively to attention, praise and the challenge of solving puzzles. In 2013, great ape research was conducted in collaboration with researchers from throughout the United States and Europe.
Western lowland gorilla
21
A D D I T I O N A L CO N S E R VAT I O N E F F O RT S There are numerous examples of Zoo staff, Zoological Society staff, Zoo Pride volunteers and other associates working outside their normal duties to voluntarily support conservation efforts around the world. A few examples from 2014:
Animal Awareness Days – Wolf and Elephant Two zookeeper-driven events were held at the Zoo this year to showcase their species and educate the public on captive care as well as conservation needs in the wild. Zoo staff and Zoo Pride volunteers helped with the events. Elephant Awareness Day was held Sept.13 and Wolf Awareness Day Oct. 18. Both events included activities and opportunities for behind-the-scene tours of the facilities, zookeeper talks and the distribution of materials on related conservation organizations. Wolf Day has been hosted at the MCZ for nearly 15 years, and Elephant Day is a relatively more recent offering. During these special events, visitors are encouraged to conserve these species, and to learn about the other species and the ecosystems that are important to sustain wild populations. Funds raised at Elephant Awareness Day were donated to the International Elephant Foundation and Elephants for Africa.
In-house Luncheon Fundraiser In May, Zoo pachyderm keepers hosted an in-house fundraising luncheon called Cinco de Rhino. Staff and volunteers assisted in donating food items for the luncheon, and tickets were sold to staff and volunteers. The luncheon raised approximately $400, and these monies were matched by Zoo conservation funds. All proceeds benefitted the International Rhino Foundation.
Orangutan Conservation Fundraiser In 2014, orangutan conservation was supported through public donations, Zoo Conservation Fund donations, palm oil awareness events and through the sale of orangutan artwork. Held in conjunction with Mother’s Day, Missing
Orangutan
Orangutan Mothers (M.O.M.) is a very popular annual awareness and fundraising event held in the Primates of the World building that focuses on the plight of wild orangutans. Proceeds generated during this event were donated to Orangutan Outreach. New outreach this year included colorful dyed silk scarves, made by our orangutans, with a little help from their human friends. The orangutans have always enjoyed painting and it’s a regular part of their enrichment program. The proceeds from the sales were donated to Orangutan Outreach.
Polar Bears International Arctic Ambassador Since 2008, the Zoo has been an Arctic Ambassador Center for Polar Bears International (PBI). In 2014, employees were involved in several greenhouse gas reduction programs to help save “the great white bear” from extinction. Several volunteers and Zoo and Society employees were awarded the Wisconsin Urban Forestry Council’s Project Partnership Award for their involvement in the Trees for You and Me Program. Volunteers staffed an educational booth at the Zoo’s Party for the Planet event to teach visitors about the issues facing polar bears in the wild, and how planting trees can help their plight. In October, one of our zookeepers spent two weeks in Churchill, Canada, as a PBI In-Field Ambassador to educate tourists about reducing their carbon footprint. A live webcast featuring scientists on the tundra also was broadcast during the fall as an educational program for Zoo staff and volunteers. The same zookeeper organized an off-site fundraising event called “Painting and Cocktails for Polar Bears.” The total amount raised for PBI’s bear awareness safety programs at the event was $675.
American Association of Zookeepers /Milwaukee Chapter The mission of the American Association of Zookeepers (AAZK) is to advance excellence in the animal-keeping profession, foster effective communication beneficial to animal care, support deserving conservation projects and promote the preservation of our natural resources and animal life. Zookeepers at the Zoo established the Milwaukee AAZK Chapter (MAAZK) in 1975. Currently the MAAZK chapter includes members from both the Milwaukee County Zoo and the Racine Zoo. Officers and members volunteer time to oversee fundraising events, many of which take place on Zoo grounds. In addition, the MAAZK chapter hosts the Zoo’s in-house Lunchtime Lecture series.
22
In 2014, the MAAZK chapter conducted several fundraising events and donated the monies raised to conservation projects and organizations, including: * Jaguar Conservation * International Rhino Foundation * Bornean Clouded Leopard Project * Snow Leopard Trust * Baird’s Tapir Project * Sloth Bear Drone Project * Sea Turtle Restoration Project * Penguin Conservation * Bat Conservation Day Sponsorship
OTHER RESEARCH AND STUDIES The Zoo assists in many scientific studies and collaborative research projects by providing facilities, staff expertise, data and an environment conducive to animal studies. The Zoo Research Committee reviews all research proposals to ensure the welfare of the animals is protected. Studies that the Zoo conducted, collaborated with, participated in or that were published in 2014 include:
• Compressive myelopathy and bladder atony in a male snow leopard • Artificial burrows to improve the breeding success of Humboldt penguins in Chile • Evaluating the conservation value of worldwide zoological institutions • Histological evaluation of tree kangaroo reproductive tissues The Zoo also maintains a storage library of frozen or preserved blood, biopsy tissue and necropsy tissue samples, all of which are available for approved research projects upon request.
Presentations/Publications The Animal Division staff deliver more than 1,000 formal presentations and innumerable informal presentations to the visiting public every year. In addition, Zoo staff develop programs, publish articles and research papers, and deliver presentations locally, regionally and internationally to contribute to conservation efforts.
• Grenada frog observations in the field and captivity: conservation implications • Gene analysis in a bonobo with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy • Cognition in bonobos as it relates to human cognition • Measurements of hormone levels for reproductive management of hippos • Fetal brain development in bonobos and humans: an ultrasonographic study • Age-related changes in thyroid hormone levels of bonobos • Evidence of philopatry and natal dispersal in Humboldt penguins • Using science to understand zoo elephant welfare • Metacestode infection in a juvenile Bornean orangutan • Laterality in non-communicative behaviors in captive bonobos • Nutrient loading from hippos and their effect on river ecosystem function • Comparing chimpanzee and bonobo communication and neurobiology • Conservation genetics of African and Asian rhinoceroses • Immunocontraception of female ovids and caprids • Differentiating notch marks made on bones by hyenas from those made by humans
Red panda
23
CO O P E RAT I V E A N I M A L MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS The Zoo cooperates with all members of the AZA to enhance the survival of endangered species in our collections and in the wild. This is done through Species Survival Plans. Groups of scientists and collaborating experts develop breeding plans to help protect the genetic variations of each of these species. Collaborative programs also are developed with range countries to assist in conservation of these animals and their habitats in the wild. The Zoo also participates in AZA Species Studbooks to manage the propagation and reduce the inbreeding of zoo animal populations, and AZA Taxon Advisory Groups (TAGs) to develop strategies for the long-term management of animal groups. The Zoo collaborates with all of the Species Studbooks, SSPs and TAGs appropriate for our animal collection, which includes:
Species Studbooks Barbet, Bearded Boa, Virgin Islands (Caya Diablo) Boa, Virgin Islands (St. Thomas) Cichlid, Lake Victoria - Ishameli Cichlid, Lake Victoria - Melanopterus Hornbill, Great Iguana, Grand Cayman Blue Iguana, Jamaican Monkey, Diana Moose Peafowl, Congo Penguin, Long-Crested Rockhopper Tapir, Baird's (Central American) Tapir, Malayan (Asian)
Species Survival Plans Alligator, Chinese Aracari, Green Bat, Straw-Colored Fruit Bear, Polar Bluebird, Fairy Bongo, Eastern Bonobo Callimico Cat, Black-Footed Cheetah Cichlid, Lake Victoria Colobus, Angolan Colobus, Guereza Dikkop, Spotted Dove, Black-Naped Fruit Eland, Common Elephant Flamingo, Caribbean Fox, Fennec Black-footed cat
24
Frogmouth, Tawny Gazelle, Addra Giraffe, Reticulated & Rothschild Gorilla, Western Lowland Heron, Boat-Billed Hippopotamus Hornbill, Rhinoceros Hyena, Spotted Ibis, Scarlet Ibis, Waldrapp Jaguar Jay, Plush Crested Kangaroo, Red Kingfisher, Micronesian Kookaburra, Laughing Kudu, Greater Laughing Thrush, White-Crested Lemur, Black and White Ruffed Lemur, Mongoose Lemur, Red Ruffed
Lemur, Ring-Tailed Leopard, Snow Lion Macaque, Japanese Mandrill Monkey, DeBrazza's Moose Motmot, Blue Crowned Mynah, Bali Orangutan, Bornean Orangutan, Sumatran Panda, Red Penguin, Gentoo Penguin, Humboldt Penguin, Short-Crested Rockhopper Pigeon, Green-Naped Pheasant Pigeon, Nicobar Pigeon, Victoria-Crowned Rail, Guam Rattlesnake, Aruba Island Rattlesnake, Eastern Massasauga Rhea, Greater Rhinoceros, Eastern Black Roller, Blue-Bellied Screamer, Crested Sea Lion, California Seal, Harbor Siamang Spider Monkey, Central American Spider Monkey, Robust Black Spoonbill, African Starling, Golden-Breasted Stilt, Black-Necked Stork, Abdim's (White-Bellied) Stork, Marabou Sunbittern Tamarin, Cotton-Top Tamarin, Golden Lion Tamarin, Golden-Headed Lion Tanager, Turquoise Teal, Marbled Tern, Inca Tiger, Amur Tiger, Generic Tiger, Malayan Tiger, Sumatran Toad, Puerto Rican Crested Tree Kangaroo, Matschie's Turaco, Violaceous Vulture, King
Warthog Weaver, White-Headed Buffalo Zebra, Grevy's Zebra, Plains
Taxon Advisory Groups Amphibian Antelope and Giraffe Ape Aquatic Invertebrate Bat Bear Bison, Buffalo, Cattle Canid and Hyaenid Caprinae Charadriiformes Chelonian Ciconiiformes Phoenicopteriformes Columbiformes Coraciiformes Crocodilian Deer (Cervid/Tragulid) Elephant Equid Felid Freshwater Fishes Galliformes Gruiformes Lizard Marine Fishes Marine Mammal Marsupial and Monotreme New World Primate Old World Monkey PACCT (Passerines) Pangolin, Aardvark, Xenarthra Parrot Penguin Piciformes Prosimian Raptor Ratite and Tinamiformes Rhinoceros Rodent, Insectivore, Lagomorph Small Carnivore Snake Tapir Terrestrial Invertebrate Turaco and Cuckoo Wild Pig, Peccary and Hippo
25
Professional Program Management Zoo staff members hold management positions in national and international programs through the AZA and other conservation entities. These management positions include: • President – Academy of Veterinary Zoological Medicine Technicians • Director – Milwaukee Ape Heart Project • Manager – Bonobo Cardiovascular Database • Board of Directors – International Rhino Keeper Association • Chair & Co-chair – Humboldt Penguin SSP • Veterinary Adviser – Bonobo SSP, Ape TAG, Humboldt penguin SSP, Penguin TAG • Academy of Veterinary Zoological Medicine Technicians Examination Committee • Vice-chair – AZA Annual Conference Program Committee • Management Group – Bonobo SSP • Steering Committee – Institution Data Management Adviser Group, Freshwater Fish TAG, Lake Victoria Cichlid SSP, Great Ape Heart Project, Ape TAG, Penguin TAG, Bear TAG
• Co-editor – American Association of Zookeepers Animal Keeper Forum • Reviewer – Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Diseases • Behavioral Husbandry Committee – American Association of Zookeepers • Executive Committee – Association of Zoo Veterinary Technicians • Research Advisory Committee – Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake • Education Committee – Elephant Managers Association • Enrichment Committee – Elephant Managers Association • Ethics Committee – Association of Zoo Veterinary Technicians • Grants Committee – Association of Zoo Veterinary Technicians, National American Association of Zookeepers • Conservation Committee – National American Association of Zookeepers • Animal Welfare Committee – Liaison between National AAZK and AZA • Outreach Coordinator – Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake SSP • Partner – Seafood Watch Program
• SSP Coordinator/Studbook Keeper/Point Person – Red Kangaroo, Yellow-Backed Duiker, Short-Crested Rockhopper, Long-Crested Rockhopper, Tayra, Striped Skunk, Canada Lynx
In addition, members of the Zoo staff are officers of the Milwaukee Chapter of the AAZK.
• Zookeeper Adviser – Bonobo SSP
Facilities and Improvements
• Scientific Advisory Board – Urban Ecology Center
A considerable number of animal area infrastructure projects was completed in 2014. Most of these are not noticed by the public, but are critical for the continued operation of the Zoo and the well-being of the animal collection. The projects included: animal life-support systems, heating, ventilating, electrical and plumbing upgrades, roof replacements and other behind-the-scenes renovations.
• Animal Care Manual Team – Bonobo • Accreditation Inspectors – Association of Zoos and Aquariums • Program Manager – American College of Zoological Medicine Residency Program
Bongo
A D M I N I ST RAT I O N A N D F I N A N C E Background and 2014 Review This division oversees the following: Zoo Administration, Cash Management, Financial and Capital Project Planning, Accounts Payable and Receivable, General Office Services (including coordination of security, emergency medical support, reception and switchboard, radio dispatch and clerical support), Information Technology, Program and Audience Evaluation and Research Services, the Zoo’s Green and Guest Experience committees, Zoo-wide Performance Measures, Human Resources, and Employee Safety and Training. The Zoo ended the year with a total operating budget of $23,636,220 of which 74% or $17,536,799 was generated from revenues and 26% or $6,099,421 from property tax levy support. Although overall revenues were behind budget by $2,298,093, revenues from parking fees, rental income and catering increased a total of $115,928 over budget and expenditure savings were $1,511,620 for a net shortfall of $786,473.
During the summer, we promoted one of our Accounting staff to Senior Cash Accounting Assistant and filled the Cash Accounting Assistant position before year’s end. The Zoo’s Accountant assisted with coverage for the Cash Room throughout most of 2014.
The Zoo’s trust funds ended with an increase of $163,964 to the fund balances due primarily to lower expenditures and higher revenues.
Zoo Administration Zoo Administration provides for effective leadership for all Zoo functions and responsibilities. Under this leadership, the Zoo has been working with the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT) as they renovate the Zoo Interchange. The Zoo was unsuccessful in negotiating a land sale with WisDOT for the value of the land acquired from the Zoo due to the Zoo Interchange Project. WisDOT took the land by eminent domain for $8.5 million. The Zoo is appealing this action through the legal system.
Bactrian camel
Another accomplishment was the renegotiation and signing of an updated Memorandum of Understanding with the Zoological Society of Milwaukee, which provides for a 50%/50% revenue split on membership sales between the two organizations.
Cash Management This section’s responsibilities include reconciliation of cash receipts to our point-of-sale system, preparation of the bank deposits; preparation of cash register starting banks and daily support of the cashiers for change and deposits of funds; processing of contract ride revenues; and improved monitoring of cashier discrepancies.
Financial and Capital Project Planning and Control This section involves coordination of the budget process. Balancing the budget is challenging when funding is limited, while service, as well as entertainment values, are expected to be maintained, and new revenue sources are explored and priorities re-evaluated. Financial reporting and analysis continued to be performed on a daily, monthly and annual basis, with comparisons to the 2014 budget as well as to previous years. The review of the Zoo’s contracts continued in 2014 as processes were reviewed and enhancements implemented.
27
Accounting (Accounts Payable and Receivable)
Information Technology (IT)
Accounts Payable and Receivable processed contracts, purchasing requisitions and receipts; monitored the credit card system; reviewed sales documentation; prepared invoices; tracked accounts receivable; and entered financial transactions into the general ledger. During the year, significant effort continued toward improving utilization of the automated purchasing function in the point-of-sale system. Accounting staff have been instrumental in identifying discrepancies and assisting with problem resolution. Effective coordination of travel requests and expenditures continue to help the Zoo control these costs. Duties related to uniform ordering and distribution has been added to the accounting area to improve internal controls.
Information Technology functions were provided by Zoo staff, Milwaukee County’s Department of Administration – Information Management Services Division (IMSD) and outside consultants. The Zoo IT Support position reports through IMSD but directly supports the Zoo. The Zoo has continued to partner with a variety of IMSD technical staff resources to assist primarily with connectivity, the point-ofsale, inventory and event management systems. Personnel from IMSD helped control the Zoo’s expenses by troubleshooting most register issues for the system on-site, rather than contracting with an outside vendor. The Zoo IT Support position has allowed for continued improvement in preparation, usage and monitoring of financial information through point-of-sale and Milwaukee County financial systems. Usage of the Internet Supply Store was enhanced for the Commissary, and inventory modifications continue for the Stockroom and resale items.
Program/Audience Evaluation and Research Services
U.S. Bank Gathering Place entrance
General Office Services
This section consists of the Program/Audience Evaluation Specialist. This section’s main focus is to investigate Zoo guests’ experiences via research studies. The Program/Audience Evaluation Specialist designs research, collects and analyzes data, and reports results for studies investigating aspects of a Zoo visit. These may involve exhibit content, programming and special events. This encompasses ongoing annual research such as the exit poll, and other studies as requested from all Zoo divisions.
The Zoo operates a two-channel ultra-high frequency (UHF) system on the Zoo grounds used by staff for communications and coordination. This system helps Zoo personnel coordinate operations, maintenance and animal care. The system has its own backup power supply to provide continued communications in the event of power failure.
This section also works to collect information from guests and staff as necessary for the master planning process, and other studies with internal stakeholders such as Zoo staff, Zoological Society staff and volunteers. The Program/ Audience Evaluation Specialist coordinates the Guest Experience Committee (GEC) and assists in collecting and reporting performance measures set for the divisions.
All Zoo-wide radios are programmed to operate on the system’s primary channels and on the fallback channels and the state and national interoperability repeater channels (as defined by Homeland Security) in the event of a system loss. The Zoo radio equipment meets Federal Communication Commission (FCC) requirements for |very high frequency (VHF) and UHF licenses.
Findings are shared both internally and externally where appropriate, including compiling and submitting information to grantors/funders. This position also connects with researchers at other institutions to ensure that the Zoo aligns with other free-choice learning institutions (zoos, museums, science centers).
28
Guest Experience Committee (GEC) The goal of the GEC is to improve the overall experience of the Zoo visit. This encompasses topics, such as customer service, interdepartmental communication, amenities and offered experiences. The GEC is coordinated by the Zoo’s Program/Audience Evaluation Specialist and consists of staff from each Zoo division working in concert with staff of the Zoological Society – allowing the GEC to think cross-institutionally about the features and impacts of the issues addressed. Using feedback from guests and input from staff, the committee determines what barriers negatively affect a Zoo visit and how they can be mitigated. It also identifies factors of an impactful Zoo experience and considers ways to include those factors in everyday operations. In 2013, the committee initiated an employee recognition program titled the Sharing Thanks and Rewards (STAR) program. This program allowed department supervisors to highlight instances in which a staff member exceeded expectations to enhance the experience of Zoo guests. The STAR program continued in 2014, and the committee also kept with its goal of determining how to effectively communicate with guests.
Green Committee
disciplinary actions, transfers, employee benefits and departmental diversity issues. Also, the Human Resources Coordinator represents the Zoo as part of committees, appeal boards and meetings, and hearings related to various personnel issues.
Highlights from 2014 include: • Participated in Milwaukee County job fairs in to ensure a diverse workforce • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department of Human Resources to process applications and hire for the positions of zooworkers and family farm attendants; • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department of Human Resources to enable the Zoo to advertise current “hot jobs” on the county website • Assisted in hiring four individuals for full-time Zoo employment • Worked with the Milwaukee County Department of Human Resources to inform, train and provide guidance to Zoo employees regarding Milwaukee County’s time and attendance, payroll, benefits, recruitment system and performance appraisals
Safety and Training
The Zoo has implemented recycling programs and conserThe Safety and Training Section is comprised of the Safety vation-minded projects for many years. Recycling efforts and Training Specialist and a seasonal training assistant. include cell phones, printer cartridges, aluminum cans, light This section is responsible for instructing employees in bulbs, food and motor oils, scrap metals, restaurant cups, regulatory compliance, security, fire code compliance plastic bottles, paper and coffee grinds. The Zoo’s energyand emergency response and training. The section also savings program of upgraded electrical, natural gas, water is responsible for maintaining occupational health and sewer infrastructure continues to produce savings in utilities. The Zoo also has used green-friendly practices in building Diversity Committee construction and other projects. The Green The Diversity Committee is a group formed within the parameters of Committee members consist of staff from the Human Resources Section with a primary function of providing each division to allow for input and collaboopportunities for better understanding of civil rights by Zoo personnel. ration with all Zoo areas.
Human Resources The Human Resources Section consists of the Human Resources Coordinator, Administrative Specialist and a seasonal assistant. Responsibilities include coordinating and performing a variety of technical and professional personnel-related tasks. General duties performed entail managing the payroll and human resources function to include grievance handling, recruitment, promotion, training,
The committee consists of seven representatives from various divisions who annually make recommendations concerning equal opportunities for all employees regardless of race, color, sex, sexual orientation, religion, national origin, age, handicap and other non-merit factors. The committee acts as a resource for all Zoo staff by providing information and addressing particular concerns or complaints. Members attend quarterly training sessions that emphasize diversityrelated issues in the workplace. Committee members also provide outreach through activities that promote diversity in the workplace.
29
programming and training. Assessing workplace hazards, developing safe work practices and assigning proper personal protective equipment are also assigned tasks. This section also coordinates and provides identification badges, secures entry points and conducts annual seasonal orientations, informing seasonal staff of workplace policies. The section performs routine hazardous waste removal and storage, and identification audits to ensure compliance with state and federal regulations. Material safety data sheets (MSDS) management has been updated to the new Global Harmonization standards that became effective in 2014. This section also is responsible for pesticide usage reports, annual Tier II reports and the annual OSHA log. The Safety and Training Specialist and the assistant are responsible for accident investigation and on-site security system maintenance, along with Zoo access control and surveillance programming. State and federal compliance regulations mandate the annual safety training programming conducted by this section. In addition to required programming, the Safety and Training Section continues to promote the annual Employee Safety and Health Fair. Some of the topics presented this year included: Emergency Response and Drills, Biosecurity, Bomb Threat, Radio Etiquette and Fire Extinguisher Training.
Public Affairs and Services The Public Affairs and Services Division consists of four sections: Group Sales, Public Relations, Special Events and Special Programs. In addition to these areas, the division is responsible for the overall marketing, promotion and advertising of the Zoo. The staff includes a division director, four coordinators, four full-time staff and approximately 50 seasonal zooworkers.
Group Sales Each year, the Group Sales Section contracts and manages events with corporate, non-profit, and private groups that want to show their “wild side,” and host a unique event with the Zoo as their backdrop. These events can be hosted in the Peck Welcome Center, Zoofari Conference Center, U.S. Bank Gathering Place, Flamingo Café and Jungle Party Room. Picnic sites include Oak Grove, Maple Cove, Little Oak, Zoo Terrace, Australian Outback, and Brown Bear Den. Rounding out the areas, the animal venues include Big Cat Country, Apes of Africa, and the Aquatic & Reptile Center. A client also could choose the exclusivity of an entire Zoo grounds rental. In 2014, an online consignment ticket option was offered. The consignment ticket is designed as a convenience to the corporate companies. This is in addition to paper tickets that are sold and distributed throughout Wisconsin. Group Sales continued its relationship with the Wisconsin Park and Recreation Association and the distribution of consignment tickets to more than 120 park and recreation departments throughout the state. The Group Sales Section also is responsible for children’s birthday parties, group tours and advanced ticket sales.
Special Events Each year, the Public Affairs and Services Division coordinates more than 16 special events held on Zoo grounds, drawing 160,000+ visitors. Here are a few highlights from the year:
Zoofari Conference Center
30
Behind the Scenes Weekend – March 8 & 9 This popular event lets visitors see areas of the Zoo which are normally not open to the general public. This year’s tour stops included the Aquatic & Reptile Center basement where the building’s filtration system and fish quarantine are located, our underground Winter Quarters area where the warm-weather animals reside during the
winter and the Zoo Library and Elk Barn. More than 10 tours were offered, and led by Zoo volunteers and zookeepers. Attendance: 5,818 Party for the Planet – May 17 & 18 This special event, in partnership with American Transmission Co., focuses on the importance of conservation, and what we can all do to help save our precious resources. New outreach this year highlighted ocean conservation and sustainable seafood. Visitors took part in a special nature conservation zoomobile tour, a self-guided tree identification walk, a native plant sale, and even a garlic mustard pull-a-thon! Attendance: 15,062 Senior Celebration – Aug. 29 Seniors are the stars of this popular annual event as the Zoo offered a variety of outreach activities, entertainment and presentations for guests 55 and over. Wheaton Franciscan Senior Health helps to sponsor the event and presents health and wellness screenings, keeping seniors’ needs in mind. Guests also enjoyed free admission, a special fitness walk and a variety of wellness exhibitors. Attendance: 8,764 Family Farm Weekend – Sept. 6 & 7 Each year, the Zoo comes alive with fall fun, and Wisconsin’s rich farming heritage is highlighted. Sponsored by the Wisconsin Milk Marketing Board, Family Farm Weekend’s highlight is the children’s pedal tractor-pull contest, along with other harvest activities in the Zoo’s Northwestern Mutual Family Farm. One of the features again this year was the popular milk-chugging contest and a craft fair, presenting wares by our very own Zoo Pride volunteers. Attendance: 15,989
Special Programs The Special Programs Section of the Zoo is responsible for overseeing these areas: Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC, our temporary summer special exhibits and audiovisual services. In addition, this section works directly with the Zoological Society, serving as a liaison for all Zoological Society events taking place at the Zoo.
Following are the 2014 highlights: • The Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC, is a 20-minute presentation which entertains and educates visitors about seals and sea lions through a live animal show. The shows generated more than $141,000 in revenue for the year, and welcomed 67,234 visitors.
Pedal tractor-pull contest on Family Farm Weekend
• Also during the summer, the Zoo hosted the exhibit, Sting Ray & Shark Bay, sponsored by Sendik’s Food Markets. The return engagement of this popular exhibit ran May 24 through Sept.1, and featured a variety of harmless sting rays and sharks that visitors could touch. More than 202,000 visitors got up close with these intriguing animals during the display, and the Special Programs Section coordinated and supervised staff for the exhibit. • The Special Programs Section continued its partnership with the Zoological Society, serving as a liaison to facilitate all of the society’s events that took place on Zoo grounds. This partnership serves to strengthen the overall relationship between the Zoo and the Zoological Society. • Finally, Zoo operations were enhanced by the efforts of the Audiovisual Section. Areas served included: the Animal Division, Public Relations, Group Sales and Special Events. Photos, videos and visual presentations were used for newspaper and magazine articles, animal identification, Zoo website, marketing and promotional campaigns, collateral pieces and the audiovisual needs of Group Sales clients.
31
Media Relations Throughout the year, the Zoo received positive media coverage from broadcast, print and electronic media outlets.
Following are a few media highlights from 2014: • The Zoo was regularly featured on many of the morning news programs, including “Real Milwaukee” on FOX6 and Channel 12 News This Morning. Topics included our Family Farm Weekend and first-time special event, Animal Enrichment Day. • The daily newspaper, The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, devoted several feature articles to significant occurrences at the Zoo. Such articles included our snow leopard, Sossy, receiving physical therapy treatments by our feline zookeepers to correct a leg condition known as “swimmer puppy syndrome.” The Zoo’s successful breeding program for redbilled hornbills also was featured during the year. These beautiful toucan-like beaked birds are so prolific here, many of the red-billed hornbills in zoos throughout North America were born at our Zoo. • Throughout 2014, new animal additions, including the Zoo’s Roti Island snakenecked turtle and two female bonobos, were featured in the AZA magazine, Connect. This monthly member publication serves the zoo and aquarium professional community. • The Zoo’s new animal births, acquisitions and special events continued to be promoted on the website as well as our social media outlets, which include Facebook and Twitter. As of the year ending December 2014, the Zoo had 10,000 likes on Facebook.
Print media coverage
32
O P E RAT I O N S 2014 Highlights: The Zoo’s Operations Division consists of the following divisions: Merchandising/Gift Shops, Visitor Services, Concessions and Catering, Grounds and Horticulture, Maintenance and Trades, Custodial, and Time and Material/Major Maintenance/Capital Project Construction Management.
Visitor Services This section meets and greets guests upon entering the Zoo, providing them with information that is essential to their visit. In 2014, the Visitor Services staff admitted more than 1.2 million Zoo visitors. This section’s responsibilities include: collecting fees for admission and parking, operating the miniature train, carousel, zoomobile, stroller rentals, sky safari, dog kennels and the mold-a-rama machines. The Visitor Services Division is comprised of two full-time managers, two full-time engineers, one full-time engineer/welder and more than 60 seasonal employees.
Face painting
2014 highlights: • Installed 3 ton and 7 ton cranes in train shop • Re-tubed boiler on 1924 steam engine • Worked with the Grand Avenue Club, which is designed to assist individuals with special needs to enter the workplace and increase their level of self-esteem and independence • Completed staff support for every event that occurs during regular Zoo hours or after-hours events in conjunction with Group Sales, Public Affairs and Services, Education and Zoological Society departments
Merchandising/Gift Shops Comprised of one full-time Merchandise Coordinator and 55 seasonal employees, the Merchandise Section generates more than $1.8 million in revenue, with a net profit of $1 million. The Merchandise Section coordinates all aspects of Zoo retail sales, which includes purchasing, receiving, tagging, ordering, stocking, selling merchandise and sundries. Our customer service scored a “very good” to “excellent” rating in Zoo exiting polls. Revenue also is generated from untraditional sources like revenue share contracts with face painting, temporary tattoos, zip line, ropes courses, entrance photos and penny presses.
We have been consistent with other zoos, as well as national and area retailers, feeling the effects of both the economy and the unpredictable weather. Like other retail outlets, we worked through the challenges of road and exit closers from the Zoo Interchange Project. Planning maximized sales, and we offered more discounted sales, along with the addition of two sales locations for T-shirts and branded goods.
2014 highlights: • Retained 90% of 2013 seasonal staff • Continued to work with eight employees with cognitive disabilities, which helped with job skills and training, and motivating coworkers • Realized record sales for face painting and entrance photos • Reduced year-end inventory by 32% • Maintained freight at 1.5% of cost; this was accomplished by negotiations at gift shows. • Introduced a job shadowing program for cognitively disabled high school classes • Assisted with team building by partnering with concession staffing, sales and food preparation • Maintained and scheduled the switchboard/reception area employees on weekends, holidays and sick days. This was accomplished by cross training a number of staff members
33
Grounds and Horticulture
Concessions and Catering
The year was marked by change, as two-thirds of this section’s management team retired. These positions, combined for a total of almost 60 years of experience, will be filled in early 2015. The Zoo received two forestry grants that were successfully completed. One grant was from the American Transmission Co., and the other from the Wisconsin DNR.
The Concessions and Catering operations provide our guests with food, beverages, and personable service. The diverse staff consists of up to 165 seasonal associates and two full-time Service Managers. The operation has nine permanent concession facilities, four popcorn wagons, more than 50 vending machines, a lemonade stand, a Hawaiian shave ice kiosk and seven beverage and snack carts.
We also purchased a new watering tank that reduced time needed to water and fertilize our potted plants, topiaries and flower beds. This tank also was used to water the new trees planted as part of the grant. In the spring, this section was able to reuse and recycle tons of leaves and brush collected in the fall and winter of 2013. By recycling the waste, we were able to reduce fuel usage and make better use of labor resources. Working with the Milwaukee County Parks Department, we shared our street sweeper; saving that department money, in keeping this machine in operation for more hours during the day. The Zoo used the sweeper from 5 a.m. until 9 a.m., and the Parks’ Department used it from 9:30 a.m. until 1:30 p.m.
Maintenance and Trades A considerable amount of infrastructure work is completed each year by the Maintenance and Trades Division. While most projects are not noticeable to the public, they are critical to daily operations. Maintaining the buildings, grounds, exhibits and public areas are vital to overall operations. Electrical, plumbing, welding, HVAC, painting and general maintenance is performed both in the public/visitor areas as well as behind the scenes. While most of this work is performed on a schedule, many “emergencies” do occur, and are addressed on a round-the-clock basis.
2014 highlights: • Installation of new walk-in freezer and cooler at the Woodland Concession Stand • Renovation of the women’s restroom at the Administration Annex building • Renovation of the Coffee Shop in the U.S. Bank Gathering Place • Replacement of sectional water valve and fire hydrant • Replacement of communication duct and electrical on Zoo service tunnel • Installation of an emergency generator at the Small Mammals building • Renovation of plumbing and electrical in Polar Bear holding Renovated Coffee Shop in the U.S. Bank Gathering Place
This section continued to support the Animal Division, Group Sales and Special Events. Some of our activities include transporting animals, removing animal waste, renovating exhibits, and setting up for private events. Removal of trash, litter and recycling for private events also is handled by the section, as well as support for the Samson Stomp, Halloween and much more.
34
• Upgraded lighting in Apes of Africa, Zoofari Conference Center, Peck Welcome Center and Aviary • Replacement of Parking Lot #1 • Construction of new Chicken Coop in the Family Farm • Tested and repaired all fire alarm systems • Replacement of several in-house heating and cooling systems
Stockroom The Stockroom’s major responsibility is to support all of the revenue-generating operations. The main functions of the Stockroom include: ordering, shipping, receiving, delivering and monitoring of inventory controls. In addition, the Stockroom stores all food, beverage, merchandise and administrative materials for the Zoo. The 12 Stockroom associates work closely with all of the Zoo departments to support their daily needs. The Stockroom works directly and on a daily basis with Concessions, Catering, Group Sales, Special Events, Merchandising and
the Zoological Society. The Stockroom works to ensure all health, sanitation and safety standards are achieved, and to operate a clean and safe working environment.
Custodial The Custodial Section is responsible for keeping buildings clean for our visitors and staff. This section is integral to the success of our Group Sales events, and to the overall impression visitors have of the Zoo. In 2014, the section had additional training on the handling of blood borne pathogens.
The Oceans of Fun Seal and Sea Lion Show, sponsored by Anderson Seal, LLC
O P E RAT I N G E X P E N S E S ( F I N A N C I A L S ) Zoological Department (Unaudited) 2014 Adjusted Budget
2014 Actual Year-to-Date
Variance ( ) = Deficit
$5,680,139
$4,936,863
$(743,276)
$1,448,086
$1,061,671
$(386,415)
Net Operational Admissions
$4,232,053
$3,875,192
$(356,861)
Concessions
$4,256,353
$3,513,537
($742,816)
Catering
$151,848
$185,974
$34,126
Novelties
$1,836,065
$1,724,698
($111,367)
Parking
Revenues Total Admissions Less Group Sales
$1,266,791
$1,292,715
$25,924
Special Exhibit Admissions
$353,115
$320,524
($32,592)
Sea Lion Show
$195,819
$141,515
($54,304)
Vending Machine Commissions
$366,534
$244,035
($122,499)
Strollers
$130,000
$100,820
($29,180)
Animal Rides
$51,000
$43,029
($7,972)
$2,360,222
$1,921,933
($438,289)
Carousel
$221,252
$200,366
($20,886)
SkyRide
$251,722
$135,244
($116,478)
Society Memberships
$338,771
$2,958,736
$2,619,965
Donations
$187,500
$167,051
($20,449)
$3,176,554
$0
($3,176,554)
Sponsorships
$289,000
$258,465
($30,535)
Miscellaneous Revenue
$695,293
$895,216
$199,923
($525,000)
($442,250)
$82,750
$19,834,892
$17,536,799
($2,298,093)
Personnel Services
$8,124,437
$8,374,368
($249,931)
Fringe Benefits
$4,909,708
$4,428,406
$481,302
Contractural Services
$6,300,251
$5,364,726
$935,525
Commodities
$3,507,302
$3,303,896
$203,406
Depreciation
$0
$0
$0
$551,820
$514,240
$37,580
$1,754,322
$1,650,584
$103,738
$0
$0
$0
$25,147,840
$23,636,220
$1,511,620
$5,312,948
$6,099,421
($786,473)
1,350,000
1,267,356
(82,644)
Total Group Sales
Other Private Funding
Sales Tax TOTAL REVENUES
Expenditures
Capital Outlay Internal Service Charges Other Expenditures TOTAL EXPENDITURES TAX LEVY ATTENDANCE
Cheetah
36
Zoo Trust Funds (Unaudited)
Railroad Trust Fund
2014 Adjusted Budget
2014 Actual Year-to-Date
Variance ( ) = Deficit
Revenues Zoomobile Revenue Miniature Train Revenue Earnings on Investments Donations and Reserve Contribution Other Revenue
$76,015
$67,373
($8,642)
$660,000
$649,236
($10,764)
$500
$2,389
$1,889
$137,140
$6,338
($130,802) ($12,601)
$72,367
$59,766
Sales Tax
($31,000)
($30,538)
$462
TOTAL REVENUES
$915,022
$754,564
($160,458)
Personnel Services
$361,358
$275,451
$85,907
Fringe Benefits
$82,240
$82,240
$0
Contractual Services
$283,236
$170,800
$112,436
Commodities
$40,441
$28,829
$11,612
Conservation Projects
$13,000
$266
$12,734
Capital Outlay
$143,458
$67,954
$75,504
Internal Service Charges
$483
$333
$150
TOTAL EXPENDITURES
$924,216
$625,872
$298,344
NET INCOME (LOSS)
($9,194)
$128,692
$137,886
Expenditures
Fund Balance January 1, 2014
$712,301
Net Income
$128,692
Fund Balance December 31, 2014
$840,993
Specimen Trust Fund
2014 Adjusted Budget
2014 Actual Year-to-Date
Variance ( ) = Deficit
Revenues Earnings on Investments
$600
$1,243
$643
Animal Sales/Milk Sales
$16,200
$21,856
$5,656
Giraffe Experience
$26,235
$27,776
$1,542
Gifts & Donations
$1,500
$4,162
$2,662
Other Miscellaneous Revenue
$0
$0
$0
Reserve Contribution
$0
$0
$0
$44,535
$55,037
$10,502
$36,450
$16,510
$19,940
$8,302
$3,254
$5,048
Internal Service Charges
$0
$0
$0
TOTAL EXPENDITURES
$44,752
$19,764
$24,988
$35,272
$35,489
TOTAL REVENUE
Expenditures Contractual Services Commodities
NET INCOME (LOSS) Fund Balance January 1, 2014
($217)
$228,747
Net Income
$35,272
Fund Balance December 31, 2014
$264,019
ZOO TRUST FUNDS Total Trust Revenue 2014 Less Total Trust Expenditures 2014 2014 NET INCOME (LOSS)
$809,601 ($645,637) $163,964
T H E M I LWA U K E E CO U N T Y ZO O A N D T H E ZO O LO G I C A L S O C I E T Y O F M I LWA U K E E The mission of the private, nonprofit Zoological Society of Milwaukee is to participate in conserving endangered species, educate people about the importance of wildlife and the environment, and support the Milwaukee County Zoo.
Zoo Support The Zoological Society raises millions of dollars a year for support of the Zoo in unrestricted funds, sponsorships, exhibit support and capital projects. For example, long-time Society supporters Quinn and Jane Martin donated funds this year to renovate space for a Red River Hog Exhibit, allowing the Zoo to acquire these animals for the first time. An anonymous donor gave the Society $110,000 in 2014 to buy new, digital X-ray and ultrasound equipment at the Zoo’s Animal Health Center. The Society runs the Zoo Pass membership program, supports two veterinary residencies and a pathology residency, plans events for members and non-members, solicits sponsors for Zoo and Society events, and runs Zoo Pride, the volunteer auxiliary serving the Zoo and the Society. It also provides support services in the areas of graphic design, information technology and more. Communications, Marketing and Membership: The Society ended the fiscal year with 48,500 Zoo Pass member households. In 2014, the Zoological Society, Milwaukee County and the Zoo signed an updated memorandum of understanding. As part of this agreement, the Society agreed to give half of Zoo Pass revenue to the Zoo in unrestricted funds instead of paying the Zoo for parking for Zoo Pass Plus members. This is projected to increase
the unrestricted funds given to the Zoo from $1.8 million to almost $3 million a year. The Society raised $220,000 this year for its Annual Appeal to upgrade the outdoor Gorilla Exhibit. The money was combined with a $100,000 donation from Northwestern Mutual for the project. Construction of the new yard began in late 2014. The Society also raised more than $168,000 through the Sponsor an Animal program to help improve exhibits, upgrade buildings and maintain quality habitats for the animals at the Zoo. Fundraisers organized by the Society’s Associate Board raised more than $980,000, including $606,000 from Zoo Ball, the Society’s largest annual fundraiser. Creative Department: The Society’s Creative Department provides graphics and design support to the Zoo and the Society, with projects ranging from full-color magazines and invitations to banners and interactive exhibits. In the 201314 Society fiscal year, the department produced multiple print pieces and more than 200 signs in preparation for the Association of Zoos and Aquariums Docents & Volunteers conference held in Milwaukee in October 2014. It also produced video and interactive exhibits for the dairy barn and Florence Mila Borchert Big Cat Country.
Animal Ambassador students (from left) Thangyeng L., 10; Darviantae H., 10; and Demetrius J., 9, of Kluge Elementary School in Milwaukee, touch a taxidermied turtle. The program teaches students about concepts like conservation and animal adaptation.
38
Zoo Pride: Zoo Pride’s 630 active volunteers contributed more than 50,000 hours of service to the Zoo and Society in 2013-14. This year, the organization launched a Seafood Watch Committee and a Forestry Committee. Zoo Pride played a lead role in organizing and hosting the Association of Zoos and Aquariums Docents & Volunteers conference held in Milwaukee in October 2014. The conference was hosted by Zoo Pride, the Zoological Society and the Milwaukee County Zoo. It drew more than 400 people from across the U.S., Canada and Australia. Education: The Zoological Society of Milwaukee’s Conservation Education Department reached more than 300,000 people in fiscal year 2013-14 through its school and scout programs, classes and camps, and Kohl’s Wild
Theater. The department helps the Milwaukee County Zoo meet its education requirements for accreditation through the Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Classes and Camps: For many years, the Zoological Society has offered professionally designed classes and camps for children ages 2-14 and their families at the Karen Peck Katz Conservation Education Center at the Zoo. In 2013-14, it developed a new program for children under age 2 called Stroller Safari. Led by a Society instructor, parents or grandparents take their infants and toddlers through sections of the Zoo to learn about animals through play. The Education Department launched the program in September 2014 with eight classes per month, and classes sold out quickly. School and Community Programming: More than 27,000 students and scouts attended Zoological Society education programs at the Zoo or in their schools this year. Another 90,000 had access to Society curriculum during field trips to the Zoo. Many of these children would not have been able to visit the Zoo without the Society and its partners. This year, the Zoological Society celebrated the 25th anniversary of Animal Ambassador. The program offers students from elementary schools in disadvantaged neighborhoods the chance to learn about animals, conservation and the environment through school visits and trips to the Zoo. Since 1989, more than 36,000 students have gone through the program. In 2013-14, the Education Department expanded the Extended Learning Program, which allows preschool children from Milwaukee Public Schools to attend a special Zoological Society class for free with a parent or family member. The Society also tweaked its program with Big Brothers Big Sisters this year. Instead of organizing a general Zoo-visit day, “Bigs” and “Littles” were invited to complimentary animal-science classes through funding from U.S. Bank.
nator. The team used her work with the Bonobo & Congo Biodiversity Initiative as an example of the real-life applications of STEM – science, technology, engineering and math. The result was a new show, “The Congo Code,” created for grades four through eight that debuted in October 2014.
Conservation Bonobo & Congo Biodiversity Initiative: Bonobos are an endangered species of great ape found only in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The Society’s Bonobo & Congo Biodiversity Initiative (BCBI) studies and protects bonobos in the Salonga National Park, an immense forest ecosystem in the Congo. In fiscal year 2013-14, BCBI was able to send Salonga guards to conduct patrols into the previously unpatrolled Dar Dar region in the heart of the Salonga. The patrols destroyed more than 100 illegal poaching camps and arrested 38 poachers. The BCBI team also constructed its first permanent structure, a prefabricated wooden house, at its research and patrol station. Bonobo Species Survival Plan: The Zoological Society has managed and coordinated the Bonobo Species Survival Plan (SSP) since 1988. SSPs are programs run through the Association of Zoos and Aquariums to manage captive populations of endangered or threatened animals. In September 2014, the SSP published a revised Population Analysis & Breeding and Transfer Plan for North American Zoos. It found an urgent need for more accredited institutions to house and breed bonobos in order to retain population growth and genetic diversity within the captive population. Zoo Projects: The Zoological Society helps fund conservation projects performed at the Zoo and by Milwaukee zookeepers in the field, including the Milwaukee Ape Heart Project, the study of the Grenada frog and coral reefs in Grenada, iguana conservation and migratory bird projects at the Zoo.
The Society again offered free summer camps for disadvantaged youth from Milwaukee-area community centers. Kohl’s Wild Theater: Kohl’s Wild Theater (KWT), a partnership between the Zoological Society and Kohl’s Cares, is the largest zoo-based theater program in the country, offering free performances at the Zoo and at schools, community centers and events within a one-hour radius of the Zoo. A new three-year grant of $1.5 million, announced in 2013, allowed for the expansion of the program and the 2014 renovation of the KWT space at the Zoo. This year, KWT created a new outreach show based on the work of Dr. Gay Reinartz, the Society’s conservation coordi-
Cameron, played by James Carrington, tries to talk to a bonobo named Lil’ Dude, operated by Samantha Sostarich and Marcus Beyer, in the Kohl’s Wild Theater play “The Congo Code.”
39
FINANCIAL SUMMARY Zoological Society of Milwaukee County – Year ending Sept. 30, 2014
SUPPORT AND REVENUE MEMBERSHIP DUES From all Zoo Pass and Platypus Circle members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$6,734,049 CONTRIBUTIONS Toward capital projects, specific programs and support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $861,962 SPECIAL EVENTS PROGRAMS/SPONSORSHIPS Including animal sponsorship, Zoo Ball, education, ZSM and Zoo special events, and sponsorships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$2,293,883
COST OF SUPPORT AND REVENUE (Support Services) MEMBERSHIP DUES Expense of providing benefits to all Zoo Pass and Platypus Circle members . . . . . . . .$1,832,542 SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS Expense of providing and promoting ZSM special events/programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$533,538 TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT AND REVENUE (Support Services) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$2,366,080
EXPENSES INTEREST INCOME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$129,238 GRANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1,171,197 TOTAL SUPPORT AND REVENUE . . . . . . . . . . .$11,190,329
60%
MEMBERSHIP DUES: 60% SPECIAL EVENTS/PROGRAMS: 21% CONTRIBUTIONS: 8% GRANTS: 11%
21%
DIRECT PROJECT COSTS Expenses relative to capital projects and specific programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $490,967 ZOO SUPPORT Direct cash and in-kind support to the Zoo; expense of providing, promoting and supporting education; graphics; special-exhibit projects; and Zoo special events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,818,370
8%
RESEARCH/CONSERVATION Expenses relating to state, national and international programs supporting species preservation . . . . . . $512,854
11%
ZOO SUPPORT, CAPITAL AND DIRECT PROJECT COSTS: 69%
69%
SUPPORT SERVICES: 22%
22%
RESEARCH/CONSERVATION: 5%
5%
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE Expenses relating to daily ZSM operations . . . . . . .$436,133 TOTAL EXPENSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $8,258,324
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE: 4% 4%
40
TOTAL COST OF SUPPORT & EXPENSES . . . .$10,624,404
Polar bear; underwater viewing
Milwaukee County Executive Chris Abele
Milwaukee County Board Chairwoman Marina Dimitrijevic . . . . . . . . . . . .4th District
Vice Chair Peggy Romo West . . . . . . . . . . . .12th District
Board of Supervisors Deanna Alexander . . . . . . . . . . .18th District Mark Borkowski . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11th District David Bowen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10th District Gerry P. Broderick . . . . . . . . . . . . .3rd District David Cullen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15th District Jason Haas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14th District Willie Johnson, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . .13th District Patricia Jursik . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8th District Theodore Lipscomb, Sr. . . . . . . . .1st District Michael Mayo, Sr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7th District Khalif Rainey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2nd District James “Luigi” Schmitt . . . . . . . . .6th District Anthony Staskunas . . . . . . . . . . .17th District Steve F. Taylor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9th District Martin Weddle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5th District John F. Weishan, Jr. . . . . . . . . . .16th District
T H E M I LWA U K E E CO U N T Y ZO O O F F E R S EQ UA L O P P O RT U N I T I E S FO R E M P LOY E E S AND VISITORS ALIKE. Editor: Jennifer Diliberti-Shea Designers: Roberta Weldon, Scott DuChateau Photographer: Michael Nepper (unless otherwise noted)
Printed on recycled paper
6525H15
10001 W. Bluemound Rd. Milwaukee, WI 53226 414-771-3040 milwaukeezoo.org