2
ZRS PORTFOLIO SELECTION 1.
OVERVIEW
MIDDLE EAST CONSERVATION 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
QASR AL-HOSN, Abu Dhabi, UAE OLD WATCHTOWER, Abu Dhabi, UAE OLD PALACE DOHA, Qatar JAHILLI FORT, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi MUWAJI FORT, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi URUK ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE, Southern Iraq QAISARIYA, Erbil, Kurdistan-Iraq
EARTH & BAMBOO 9. HEALING GARDEN CHAMCHAMAL, Kurdistan-Iraq 10. METI SCHOOL HANDMADE, Rudrapur, Bangladesh 11. EARTHEN SCHOOL TIPU SULTAN MERKEZ, Jar Maulwi, Pakistan COMPETITIONS 12. MEROE ROYAL BATHS, Sudan 13. GERMAN EMBASSY CONTONOU, Benin
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ZRS
ZRS Architekten Ingenieure Schlesische Straße 26 D-10997 Berlin www.zrs-berlin.de
ZRS Architekten GvA mbH
ZRS Ingenieure GmbH
Services: – Architecture – Research & material development – Certification for DGNB & LEED – Sustainable design consultation, EnEV – Natural building material expertise – Design contractor & project management – Specification, tender and site-supervision – Teaching & lectures
Services: – Structural design – Assessments and expert consultation – Research, development and testing of earthen materials – Energy certification and consultation – Emergency support structures – Material testing
Managing Directors: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christof Ziegert, IHK Berlin öbuv Sachverständiger für Schäden im Lehmbau, Beratender Ingenieur
Managing Directors: Prof. Eike Roswag-Klinge Dipl.-Ing. Architekt BDA, DGNB Auditor 27 Team members: 17 Architects – Project management – Design – DGNB Auditing – Site-supervision – Fire protection expert – 2 Energy consultants 4 Student assistants 6 Interns
Dipl.-Ing. Uwe Seiler, Nachweisberechtigter für Stansicherheit des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt 17 Team members:: 13 Structural Engineers – Timber protection expert – Welding engineer – Energy consultant 1 Technical draughtsman 3 Interns
ZRS Verwaltungs GbR Services: – Office and organisational management & controlling
4 Team members: – 3 Office manager – 1 Student assistant
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OVERVIEW
VISION
ZRS Architekten Ingenieure was founded in 2003 as an integrated design studio comprising two companies: ZRS Architekten & ZRS Ingenieure. Our Berlin studio unites a broad spectrum of services under one roof: architecture, structural engineering, building certification and energy planning, consulting services, material testing and development, as well as scientific research and teaching work. With responsibility for more than 60% of worldwide CO2 emissions and its status as the world’s largest consumer of non-renewable energy resources, the construction industry is directly responsible for the dramatic state of our planet and it’s rapidly deteriorating climate. We believe designers have an important role to play in reducing our reliance on fossil resources. Our core competency is the use of natural materials in construction especially earth and timber. In collaboration with ambitious clients and partners we aim to develop pioneering projects and research solutions that promote the use of local and renewable resources over fossil fuels. Our projects range from earth and timber houses and a plus-energy workshop building in Berlin, through earth and bamboo schools in Asia and Africa, to the conservation of historic monuments on the Arabian Peninsula. The integrated planning and realisation of complex construction projects inhouse is a mark of our work. Our international network is founded on principles of positive communication and an awareness of different cultures; our projects seek to strengthen existing traditions through the use of local solutions. Our team is currently made up of 30 architects and engineers in Germany and abroad. Our work has been recognised by a number of competition prizes and awards including the Aga Khan Award for Architecture, Holcim Award in Gold 2011 and the KAIROS Prize 2015 as well as being featured in numerous publications.
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ZRS
DESIGN SERVICES FIRE PROTECTION ENERGY CONSULTANTS STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING BUILDING PHYSICS CERTIFICATION
EARTH BUILDING MATERIAL TESTING RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT EXISTING BUILDINGS
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OVERVIEW
PROF. EIKE ROSWAG-KLINGE DIPL.-ING ARCHITEKT BDA
TECHNICAL PROFILE Managing director of ZRS Architekten Ingenieure Professor for “Constructive Design and Climate Adaptive Architecture” and founder of “Natural Building Lab” at theTechnische Universität Berlin Regular national and international guest lecturer on building with natural materials and energy- efficient, low-technology construction since 2017
Professor for “Constructive Design and Climate Adaptive Architecture” and founder of “Natural Building Lab” at theTechnische Universität Berlin
since 2009
Shareholder-managing director of ZRS Architekten Gesellschaft von Architekten mbH as part of ZRS Architekten Ingenieure,
since 2003 since 2003 since 2009
Member of German Architects Association (BDA)
since 2005
Energy consultant, BAFA and DENA, energy consultant on own projects, onsite consulting work
Member of the Architectural Association Berlin, (Architektenliste Nr. 10958) Member of accredited auditor for the German Sustainable Building Council (DGNB) Energy consultant for non-residential buildings under German DIN 18599 standards
AWARDS KAIROS Preis 2015 Aga Khan Award for Architecture 2007 (METI School Handmade) Holcim Award Gold Asia Pacific 2011 (Tipu Sultan Merkez, Pakistan) BDA-PREIS Berlin 2012 (Betriebsgebäude Artis) Architekturpreises Berlin, Auszeichnung 2013 (Betriebsgebäude Artis) AR Awards for emerging architecture 2006 (METI School Handmade) Stipendiat der Villa Massimo, Rome, 2013
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ZRS
PROF. DR-ING
CHRISTOF ZIEGERT
TECHNICAL PROFILE IHK-Berlin accredited consulting engineer and surveyor of ‘damages to earth constructions/ Consulting engineer for the German Building Association, Berlin/ Chairman of the standards committee Earth Building NA 005-06-08 AA at the German Institute for Standardization/ Assistant Chairman of the Testing, Supervision and Certification of Earth Building Work Group/ Board member of the Dachverband Lehm e.V./ Member of ICOMOS-Germany (International Council on Monuments)/ Expert Member of ICOMOS Executive Committee ISCEAH (International Scientific/ Committee on Earthen Architectural Heritage) since 2012
Honorary Professor of ‘Building and Conservation with Earth’ at the University of Potsdam, Building Faculty
since 2009
Shareholder-managing director of ZRS Ingenieure GmbH, Berlin as part of ZRS Architekten Ingenieure
2008–2010
Author of new construction standards for earthen building at the Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin
2003
Received doctorate from TU Berlin (Technical University Berlin)
2003
Founding of ZRS Architekten Ingenieure Bürogemeinschaft
1998–2002
Research staff member with TU Berlin‘s Department of Structural Design and Construction under Professor Dr.-Ing. K. Rückert and Professor emeritus Dr.Ing. K. Dierks
1996–1997
Research assistant on ecological building and building conservation at the Leipzig Chamber of Commerce‘s Environmental Centre
1991–1996
Construction engineering studies at the Leipzig University of Technology; specialisation in structural engineering
1988–1990
Apprenticeship as skilled cosntruction worker, Köck builders and building conservation specialists, Leipzig
1986–1988
Training as bricklayer, Heß builders, Leipzig
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OVERVIEW
DIPL-ING
UWE SEILER
TECHNICAL PROFILE Mitglied der Brandenburgischen Ingenieurkammer Nachweisberechtigter für Standsicherheit des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt seit 2009
Inhaber und Geschäftsführer von ZRS Ingenieure GmbH (ehemals Ziegert | Seiler Ingenieure GmbH) als Teil von ZRS Architekten Ingenieure
2003
Gründung der Bürogemeinschaft Ziegert I Roswag I Seiler - Architekten Ingenieure, Berlin
2003 - 2006
Freie Mitarbeit als Statiker und Tragwerksplaner Schüßler-Plan Ingenieurgesellschaft
2001 - 2002
Nebenberufliche Ausbildung zum Europäischen Schweißfachingenieur SLV Berlin-Brandenburg
2001 - 2003
Tätigkeit als Statiker, Tragwerksplaner, Schweißfachingenieur MACON Bau GmbH Betrieb Bestahl, Technisches Büro
1996 - 2001
Tätigkeit als Statiker und Tragwerksplaner Ingenieurbüro für Bauwesen U.Horn, Leipzig
1991 - 1996
Studium an der Technischen Hochschule Leipzig, Studiengang Bauingenieurwesen, Vertiefungsrichtung: Konstruktiver Ingenieurbau
1990 - 1991
Vorkurs zum Erwerb der Hochschulreife Technischen Hochschule Leipzig, Abschluss: Technische Hochschulreife
1984 - 1990
Gesellentätigkeit als Maurer Verkehrsbau Berlin
1982 - 1984
Berufsausbildung zum Baufacharbeiter VEB Autobahnbaukombinat, Betrieb Verkehrsbau Berlin
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QASR AL HOSN ABU DHABI, UAE
12
CONSERVATION
FACTS
CLIENT Abu Dhabi Department of Culture and Tourism (DCT) COMPLETION 12/2018 ARCHITECTURE BDP STRUCTURAL ENGINEER Arup CONSERVATION CONSULTANT ZRS Architekten WOOD TREATMENT Bertram Jechorek RESTORATION Pro Denkmal
Clockwise from top left/ Tower B09 with decorated cupola, Plaster finishing works april 2018
13
QASR AL HOSN
Outer Palace
B10
Kitchen Block
contained the kitchen, even long time after the royal rafmily already had moved out. B11a
Outer Palace
Outer Palace
Southeast Tower
B12
Southeast Tower
B14
W8
is one of the four towers of the Fort Its only entrancewas through the roof of the kitchen block
contained the ruler‘s quarters
Outer Palace
Outer Palace
Eastwing
contained some private rooms for the royal family in the firstfloor as well as storage rooms for dates in the groundfloor later it contained the Center of Documentation and Research
South Wall
Outer Palace
W7
W3
This wall was constructed for a defence funtion it is part of the south wing B11
Inner Fort
Pavillion
Inner Fort
Outer Palace
Courtyard
Southwing
South Wall
was part of the original old Inner Fort and had a defence funtion it was reconstructed during the 80‘s and is surrounding the inner courtyard B01
B06a
was part of the original build old Inner Fort The reconstruction was build to contain exhibition rooms
Outer Palace
West Wall
this wall was constructed for a defence funtion and is surrounding the outer courtyard
Inner Fort
Southwest Tower
was part of the original build old Inner Fort the reconstruction was build to contain exhibition rooms W4
C2
Inner Fort
West Wall
was part of the original old Inner Fort and had a defence funtion it was reconstructed during the 80‘s and is surrounding the inner courtyard B02
B11
Inner Fort
Pavillion
was part of the original build old Inner Fort the reconstruction was build to contain exhibition rooms
This building part contained the ruler‘s family‘s living quarters
B07
Outer Palace
Northwest Tower
was originally build with three floors
Outer Palace
East Wall
Outer Palace
Northeast Tower
W6
this wall was conrtucted for a defence funtion it is part of the east wing B12
Outer Palace
B03
North Wall
Inner Fort
East Wall
W2
B04
was part of the original old Inner Fort and had a defence funtion it was reconstructed during the 80‘s and is surrounding the inner courtyard
Inner Fort
Building Phases
Inner Fort
Northwest Tower
was part of the original build old Inner Fort the reconstruction was build to contain exhibition rooms
W5
this wall was conrtucted for defence funtion it is surrounding the outer courtyard
1979 - 1985
Inner Fort
1966 - 1978
was part of the original build old Inner Fort the reconstruction was build to contain exhibition rooms
1760 - 1832
Council Chamber
was constructed for National Consultative Council and used as a meeting chamber from the date the UAE was founded until the 1988
The tower with the cupola was buid as a landmark for the Qasr Al Hosn
1929 - 1965
NCCC
B15 B09
Pavillion
Courtyard
Inner Fort
Gateway
the entrance building was part of the original old Inner Fort the place of the entrance gate is still the original one, but itwas reconstructed during the 80‘s W1
C1
Inner Fort
North Wall
was part of the original old Inner Fort and had a defence funtion it was reconstructed during the 80‘s and is surrounding the inner courtyard
B06b B05
Inner Fort
Old Watchtower
was one of five watchtowers to defend the sweet water recources of Abu Dhabi It is the only original structure which survived until today
B08
B13
Inner Fort
Inner Fort
Pavillion
was part of the original build old Inner Fort, the reconstruction was build to contain exhibition rooms
Mosque
it is not known if the mosque was originally part of the old Inner Fort
Clockwise from top left/ Illustration of the whole Fort with analysed building phases, Second courtyard: Cloister columns elevation, Conservation measures for cupola B09, Landscape design works
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CONSERVATION
Desalination Process at WHOLE Qasr Al Hosn EXAMPLARY desalination process on B08
3. REPOINTING
2. DISMANTING REMOVAL OF DAMAGED PLASTER
1. EXISTING SITUATION VISIBLE SALT DAMAGES
5.SALT REMOVAL
4. DESALINATION
SALT REMOVED WITH NEW PLASTER
APPLICATION OF CLAY DESALINATION PLASTER
6. NEW PLASTER APPLICATION OF NEW BREATHABLE PLASTER
SALT TRANSITION INTO DESALINATION PLASTER
Clockwise from top left/ Illustration of conservation measures for masonry, carbonisation test of concrete slab, extracting sample of masonry wall, documentation of sampling, documentation of mangrove colour of original paint
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QASR AL HOSN
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Qasr al Hosn is Abu Dhabi’s most significant heritage building, being the historic seat of the ruling family and one of the first buildings built on the penisula. The project aims to restore the complex as a cultural resource in the centre of Abu Dhabi in line with international guidelines in monument preservation. The building has undergone many renovations and changes since the construction of the first watchtower around 1800. The introduction of cement based materials in the restoration phases of the 1980s caused extensive damage to the delicate limestone masonry and lime mortar building fabric. As conservation experts ZRS have provided consultancy, material development and documentation services to the project.
Clockwise from top left/ Panoramic view of the whole Fort june 2018, detail photography of coral stone, floor plan of Qasr Al Hosn, Tower B08
OLD WATCHTOWER, QASR AL HOSN ABU DHABI, UAE
© Qasr Al-Hosn.ae
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CONSERVATION
FACTS
CLIENT Abu Dhabi Department of Culture and Tourism (DCT) COMPLETION 12/2018 ARCHITECTURE ZRS Architekten STRUCTURAL ENGINEER ZRS Ingenieure ENGINEER OF RECORD Professor Pfeifer & Partner CONSERVATION CONSULTANT ZRS Architekten TIMBER RESTORATION Pro Denkmal
The analysis of historic material samples allowed ZRS to develop new mixtures based on the properties and composition of the historic fabric
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OLD WATCHTOWER
W1 B08_WeC
W2
B08_WeB
B08_WeC
A detailed on site investigation phased served as the basis for the development of the technical design in line with international conservation standards.
B08_WeD
W1
LINERLINER REMOVAL REMOVAL
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well as masonry repairs such as repointing and grouting will proceed from the The area of the Toweragainst is the bottom, as such the removal process as bottom up. The outlined the following The weakest r.c. liner cast directly the historic masonry, itssketches: removal will be The r.c. was liner waswork castprocess directly is against theinhistoric masonry, its removal will be well as delicate masonryprocess repairs and such as require repointing andstandard grouting of willworkmanship proceed from a very a high tothe to a very delicate processwill and will require a high standard of workmanship bottom up. The work processmaterial. is outlined in the following sketches: avoidavoid damaging the historic At the time the of works damaging the historic material. Atsame the same timesequence the sequence of works must must ensure that the remains stablestable throughout the process. ensure thatstructure the structure remains throughout the process. The weakest area of theofTower is theisbottom, as such the removal process as as The weakest area the Tower the bottom, as such the removal process well as masonry repairs such such as repointing and grouting will proceed from from the the well as masonry repairs as repointing and grouting will proceed bottom up. The process is outlined in theinfollowing sketches: bottom up.work The work process is outlined the following sketches:
CONSERVATION STAGE 1
STAGEAn 1 internal support scaffolding will be inserted to support the roof and intermediate floorsupport structure during thewill works. An internal scaffolding be It is possible that beams will be necessary, these inserted to steel support the roof and intermediate could beduring inserted newItbearing points floor structure theinto works. is possible opened in the concrete liner. these that steel beams will be necessary, could be inserted into new bearing points STAGESTAGE 1in the concrete opened liner. 1 STAGE 2 An internal support scaffolding will be will be An internal support scaffolding Extra tensionthe belts willand be added to ensure inserted roof intermediate STAGE 2 to support inserted to support the roof and intermediate the structure works as a single entity. The floor structure during the works. It is possible floor structure during the works. It is possible circle is a very strong form and by keeping that steel willwill bebe necessary, these Extra tension belts added to ensure thatbeams steel beams will be necessary, these theinserted structure under compression entire could be into new bearing points the structure works as a single entity. The, the could be inserted into new bearing points Tower acts hollow column. opened thestructurally concrete liner. circle isopened ainvery strong form andlike by akeeping in the concrete liner. the structure under compression , the entire Tower structurally acts like a hollow column. STAGESTAGE 2 2 Extra tension belts will be will added to ensure Extra tension belts be added to ensure the structure works works as a single The The the structure as a entity. single entity. circle iscircle a very form and byand keeping is astrong very strong form by keeping the structure under compression , the entire the structure under compression , the entire Tower Tower structurally acts like a hollow column. structurally acts like a hollow column. 61
CONCEPT DESIGN
STAGE 3 61 CONCEPT DESIGN 613 liner will be removed in vertical strips CONCEPT DESIGN STAGEThe starting from the bottom. In the areas where thewill liner removedinthe masonry repairs will The liner beisremoved vertical strips 61 CONCEPT DESIGN commenced directly inside. startingbefrom the bottom. In thefrom areasthe where
the liner is removed the masonry repairs will be 61 commenced directly from the inside. CONCEPT DESIGN STAGE 4 61 CONCEPT DESIGN STAGESTAGE 3 3 After first areas of masonry have been STAGE 4 willthe The liner be from removed in vertical strips The liner will bethe removed in vertical strips repaired inside, the first horizontal starting bottom. In thecan areas where starting from theplaster bottom. In the areas where layer ofthe external bebeen removed. This STAGE 5from After the areas of have the liner isfirst removed themasonry masonry repairs will the liner is removed the masonry will area willthe then also be andrepairs then the repaired from inside, therepaired first horizontal be commenced directly from the inside. be commenced from theainside. can be moved down position. The removal ofbelt the linerdirectly can then proceed in layer oftension external plaster can be removed. This This allows the repair works to continue in vertical strips on the interior. Masonry repairs area will then also be repaired and then the STAGE 5 strips. are undertaken directly in each area after the tension belt can STAGE 5 be moved down a position. liner is removed. STAGE 4 the4repair works to continue in This allows STAGE The removal of the liner can then proceed in strips. The removal of the liner can then proceed in verticalSTAGE strips on 5 the interior. Masonry repairs After the first areas of have been vertical strips onmasonry the repairs After the first areas ofinterior. masonry havethe been are undertaken directly in each areaMasonry after STAGE 6from repaired the inside, the first horizontal are undertaken directly each area after the from the inside, the first horizontal liner isrepaired removed. The removal of the liner in can then proceed in layer oflayer external plasterplaster can becan removed. This This ofremoved. external be removed. STAGEliner 5 is vertical strips on the interior.in Masonry repairs Plaster removal can then proceed area will then bealso repaired and then the area willalso then be repaired and then thethe are undertaken directly in each area after STAGE 5 with masonry horizontal strips repairs. tensiontension belt can becan moved down adown position. belt be moved a position. The removal the liner can then can proceed in liner isofremoved. STAGE 6 strip After each the tension belts be This allows the6repair works works to continue in allows theinterior. repair to continue in STAGE verticalThis strips on the Masonry repairs The removal of the liner can then proceed in repositioned. strips. strips. are undertaken directly each area after the repairs Plaster removalstrips can then proceed inMasonry vertical on in the interior. removal can thenrepairs. in after the liner is Plaster removed. horizontal STAGE 6 with masonry are strips undertaken directly inproceed each area horizontal strips with masonry repairs. After each the tension belts can be linerstrip is removed. After each strip the belts can repositioned. Plaster removal cantension then proceed in be STAGErepositioned. 6 horizontal strips with masonry repairs. After each STAGE 6 strip the tension belts can be Plasterrepositioned. removal can then proceed in horizontal strips with masonry repairs. Plaster removal can then proceed in After each strip the tension can be horizontal strips withbelts masonry repairs. repositioned. After each strip the tension belts can be repositioned. STAGE 7 After the lower level is completely removed, works proceed at the first floor level also in STAGE strips. 7 vertical STAGE 7
27
After the lower level is completely removed, the7at lower levelfloor is completely works After proceed the first level alsoremoved, in STAGE STAGE 8 proceed at the first floor level also in verticalworks strips. vertical After thestrips. level isstrips completely Works proceed inlower horizontal on the removed, STAGE 7 works proceed at the first floor level also in exterior. strips. STAGE 7 STAGEvertical 8 STAGE After the lower8level is completely removed, works proceed at the first floor level also in After theinlower level isstrips completely Works proceed horizontal on the removed, Works in strips onalso the in vertical strips.proceed works proceed at horizontal the first floor level exterior. STAGE 8 exterior. vertical strips. Works proceed in horizontal strips on the STAGEexterior. 8 STAGE 8 Works proceed in horizontal strips on the exterior.Works proceed in horizontal strips on the exterior.
CONCEPT DESIGN
MOISTURE IN MASONRY
STAGE 9
CIRCLE WhenGEOMETRY all masonry repairs have been undertaken the slabs can be dismantled FORCES OUTWARD STAGE 9 EXPANSION STAGE 9
RISING MOISTURE FROM GROUND CORROSION AND EXPANSION OF REINFORCEMENT
When all masonry repairs have been When all9masonry have been STAGE 10 the undertaken slabs canrepairs be dismantled STAGE undertaken the slabs can be dismantled When all masonry repairs have been STAGEundertaken 9 the slabs can be dismantled STAGE 10 STAGE10 9 STAGE When all masonry repairs have been undertaken the slabs can repairs be dismantled When all masonry have been STAGE 10 undertaken the slabs can be dismantled STAGE 10 STAGE 10
Removal of support structure, boundary wall can be detached and the seismic joint filled with a soft mortar Removal of support structure, boundary wall support structure, wall can beRemoval detachedofand the seismic jointboundary filled can be detached and the seismic joint filled with a soft mortar with a softofmortar Removal support structure, boundary wall can be detached and the seismic joint filled with a soft mortar Removal of support structure, boundary wall can be Removal detachedofand the seismic jointboundary filled support structure, wall with a soft canmortar be detached and the seismic joint filled with a soft mortar
The reinforced concrete liner was removed in a complex series of stages to ensure the stability of the delicate tower could be maintained.
WALLS CLAMP EXPANSION
DOOR OPENING ALLOWS INWARD EXPANSION
Decay mechanism of the concrete liner in B08. Rising damp and chloride penetration cause corrosion of the reinforcement and outwards expansion of the liner.
CRACKING IN MASONRY
also a critical point. Only the removal of the existing concrete will ensure that historic material can survive in the future. It should be noted that the r.c. lining does not form part of the original structure anyway and therefore its removal
21
OLD WATCHTOWER
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The old watchtower is the oldest building of Qasr Al-Hosn and a monument of high cultural signi cance in the region. The ensemble has witnessed the development of the city and surrounding region, from a small shing village to the modern metropolis of today. The Tower is by many connected with the story of the first free-standing Watchtower constructed on Abu Dhabi island and as such with the founding of Abu Dhabi. The Tower was more likely construc- ted at the same time as the original Inner Fort around the beginning of the 19th century. During the 1980s, the tower underwent heavy structural interventions: an r.c. lining as well as new r.c. slabs at rst and roof level were built inside the tower to support it and replace the original timber beam oors. These addi- tions have aged badly under the harsh site conditions and now corrosion of the concrete elements is causing serious damage to the valuable historic masonry fabric. In light of this critical situation, ZRS was contracted to carry out an in-depth assessment of the tower and develop a set of design proposals for its restorati- on with the purpose of bringing the building back to a safe, stable condition, of ensuring the conservation of original materials and parts, and possibly of allowing visitors accessing the building.
OLD PALACE DOHA DOHA, QATAR
24
CONSERVATION
FACTS
CLIENT Qatar Museums Authority COMPLETION 12/2014 ARCHITECTURE ZRS Architekten STRUCTURAL ENGINEER ZRS Ingenieure MATERIALSPECIALIST BAM – Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung WOOD TREATMENT Bertram Jechorek RESTORATION CONSULTANCY Prof. Dr. -Ing. Johannes Cramer, TU Berlin RESTORATION Karen Keller, Kristina Brakebusch
B11 House of Abdullah bin Jassim House of the Sheikh with enclosed courtyard, oldest building in the compound B04 B11
B10
B09
B08
The Inner Majlis Largest & most important B04 building in palace. Large amount of historic material
B03
B02
B01
The South Gate Ornamented gate with painted ceiling
B11 B04
B10 B03
B09 B08
B11 B10
B10 B09
B04 B03
B03 B02 B01 B02 B11 B01 B10 B09
B07
B06
B02
B08
B07
B06
B03
rd Walls
B11 B11 B04
B09
B07
B06
B11
B10
B05B04
B03
B10
B09 B03 B02
B08
B03
B09 B10
B05
House of Hamad bin Abdullah House of the Sheikhs son with enclosed courtyard
B08 B09
B07 B08
House of Ali bin Abdullah House B05 of the Sheikhs son with enclosed courtyard B07 B06 B05
B06
B09 B10 B08 B09 B08 B0
B02
B04
B09
B03
B08 B07
B01
B02
B01
The North Gate Historically main harbour gate with space for receiving guests
The Official Majlis B07 formal B06publicB05 Most area within the compound painted ceiling B06 B05
B02 B01 The Smaller Majlis Small B01 open building for initial reception of guests
B07 B06 B05 B04 B03 B02 B04 B03 B02 B01
B09 B08 B11 B10 B01 B09 B10 B02
B03
B06
B11
B03
The East Gate More entranceB05 B08 informal B07 B06 with less decoration
B04
B04
B08
B10
B11 B10 B04
B04 B10
B07
B01
B11
B11 Quarter of the Mosque Janitor Rebuilt in the 1970s with B11 long glazed arcade
B08
B02
B05
Historic Courtya
B01
B07 B06 The Guards HouseB05 Small B06 house B05 for the guard of the palace
B05 B04
B09
B08 B07
B03
B02
B02
B01
B01
Overview showing the building phases and substance found during the detailed investigation
Legend
Historic Material 1970s Material
B01
25
OLD PALACE DOHA
The Inner Majlis is one of the only remaining examples of a vernacular Qatari Architecture on such a scale
26
CONSERVATION
Old Palace, Doha BUILDING 3 THE INTERNAL MAJLIS (ASSEMBLY ROOM) scale 1:100 SECTION X10
LY ROOM)
EMERGENCY CONSERVATION NEW ELEMENTS REBUILDING (ELEVATION)
ON
REBUILDING FLOOR REBUILDING MASONRY WOOD TREATMENT RENEWAL FLOOR (LOADBEARING) REMOVAL OF CEMENT-BASED FLOOR / PLINTH ELEMENTS TO BE REHABILITATED ON SITE
EARING)
SMOOTHED PLASTER
SED FLOOR / PLINTH
REMOVAL OF CEMENT-BASED PLASTER REMOVAL OF PAINT
LITATED ON SITE ELEMENTS TO BE REMOVED ELEMENTS TO BE REBUILD
SED PLASTER
ELEMENTS TO BE REHABILITATD ON SITE
Roswag Architekten
ED
D
LITATD ON SITE
House of Sehkh Abdullah bin-Jassim, widely seen as the father of modern Qatar Concept design drawing showing conservation measures
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure
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OLD PALACE DOHA
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Old Palace in Doha is an almost unique physical example of the traditional architecture of Qatar. The Palace has a rich history with elements dating from at least three building phases between around 1880 and 1972. The restoration works aimed to consolidate and restore the Palace in-line with international standards in monument conservation. Typical damages to the structure included the corrosion and spalling of concrete elements, termite induced damage to structural timber elements and decay of decorations and finishes due to rising damp and salinity. The works included considerable underpinning of the historic foundations using a raft of micro-piles, conservation of the historic masonry fabric, replacement of badly carbonated concrete elements with new glass fibre reinforced trass-lime elements and the consolidation and in-situ repair of delicate carved gypsum ornaments. The restored Old Palace ensemble sets a new standard for monument conservation both in Qatar and within the Gulf region by combining cuttingedge structural engineering solutions with a respectful approach to the conservation of traditional material and techniques.
B08 Outer Majlis with ornate painted painted ceiling and gypsum decorations
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JAHILI FORT AL AIN, ABU DHABI
30
CONSERVATION
FACTS
CLIENT Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage (ADACH) NET FLOOR AREA 625m2 COMPLETION 12/2008 AWARDS TERRA Award - Category “Interior Layout & Design” The International Architecture Awards – The Chicago Athenaeum OVERALL PLANNING ARCHITECT & INTERIOR Roswag & Jankowski Architekten EXHIBITION DESIGN & GRAPHIC DESIGN Roswag & Jankowski Architekten / Christiane Liebert STRUCTURAL ENGINEER & EARTH BUILDING CONSULTANCY Ziegert I Seiler Ingenieure EARTH CONSTRUCTION Hunnarshala Foundation
Mubarak bin London Exhibition outside arcade © Torsten Seidel
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JAHILLI FORT
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The historic Jahili Fort is Al Ain was restored to house an exhibition and cultural centre, while retaining is historic structure and substance. The Fort is located near the centre of the Al Ain Oasis and previously served to protect and defend this vital resource. Its large enclosed courtyard can now used to host a variety of cultural events connected to Al Ain’s cultural heritage. Roswag & Jankowski Architekten were responsible for the restoration of the outer fort in line with international conservation best practice and the design and integration of the “Mubarak bin London: Wilfred Thesiger and the Freedom of the Desert” photo exhibition. The restoration was undertaken using the exisiting palette of historic natural building materials – primarily earth and palm. Where necessary historic Earthen materials were dismantled, stored, resoaked and reused, while palm lintels were recovered and treated to ensure their durability. New modern structural elements were integrated to ensure the stability of the structure under earthquake stress. A water based cooling system was integrated into the earthen plaster of the walls, while insulation was added to the roofs. This, together with the radiative cooling effect of the 90cm thick massive earthen walls, provide for a comfortable interior climate without over reliance on fossil resources. The subtle design strengthens and presents the existing spatial qualities, thus the building promotes local culture and identity, while serving as an example of a contemporary earthen architecture for the region.
Clockwise from top left-hand-side/ Preparation of historic construction material, Application of earth-base-plaster, Integration of wall-cooling-system, Mounting of binding girder out of Kerto
R o s w a g
Jahili Fort Al Ain Section / Elevation
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R o s w a g
2.2 2.3
1.2
1.3
2.3
1.3
ost
2.1 1.1
historic structure (19030s/1940s)
south 1.1 historic floor level 1.2 historic roof level 1.3 historic building 2.
J a n k o w s k i
A r c h i t e k t e n
CONSERVATION
Jahili Fort Al Ain Section / Elevation
1.
&
transforming the 1980s structure
2.1 transformed floor level 2.2 transformed roof level 2.3 added building parts
north
south 5,0 m
Clockwise from top left-hand-side/ Elevation analysis of building phases, Drawing elevation south, Jahili fort after rehabilitation
&
J a n k o w s k i
A r c h i t e k t e n
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JAHILLI FORT
3 4
2
8
7
1 5 6
5,0 m
Clockwise from top left-hand-side/ Floorplan of the histroic Fort, Courtyard, Interplay of light and shadow in corridor, Exhibition corridor, Lobby after rehabilitation
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QASR AL MUWAIJI AL AIN , UAE
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CONSERVATION
FACTS
CLIENT Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage (ADACH) DURATION 2008–2010 ARCHITECTURE Machado and Silvetti Associates, Boston STRUCTURAL ENGINEER ZRS Ingenieure SUPERVISION ZRS Architekten Ingenieure TASK Analysis of the structural condition of the earthen substance, suggestions for reconstruction SERVICES Renovation assessment, professional direction, management and site supervision of the renovation works by architects and engineers
work supervision
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MUWAJI FORT
Survey of materials and structures; deconstruction of non-original building materials and components
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CONSERVATION
Restoration work on earth-block masonry and plaster Muwaiji Fort after restoration (exterior)
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MUWAJI FORT
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Realised works: examination of the mud materials including density and compressive strength of the mortar and the mud-bricks, compressive strength definition of the mud masonry, kind and content of salts on characteristic places, natural and salt-conditioned moisture content, localisation of damaged areas. Furthermore it included examination of the wooden construction elements such as evaluation of the strength and modulus of elasticity, localisation and degree of damages, detection of active termites. In addition to this examination from the construction included construc- tion and building construction characteristics and dependences on the surrounding, damages like cracks or delaminated areas and their impact on the structural safety and durability. The several strategies for redevelopment/repair and modification featured characterisation of the materials or parts of the construction, which are necessary for the repair and methods for the repair and amendment of the damages. Characteristics: parts of the Fort are to a great extent listed for preservation as they include originally preserved rooms, one of which where Presi- dent Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan was born in. The Fort was in an extremely bad condition, a fact unknown at the beginning of the investigation. A special surface finish that covered all damages had been applied only three years ago. It was proved that with the new finish the whole complex showed severe damages due to weathering and extensive crack formations. The earth used for the whole construction shows little strength. Bearing this in mind, the stability was partly judged to be dangerous. Accordingly, extensive security and reconstruction measures have been suggested and after detailed planning were and still are in the end successfully realised under our site supervision and by Hunnarshala Foundation. These measures include anchoring and stitching methods, which have rarely been used before, as well as measures to improve the load-bearing capacity and the fire protection of the wooden beam ceiling of the North West Tower.
Muwaiji Fort after restoration (interior)
ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE URUK , IRAQ
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FACTS
CLIENT Federal German Archeological Institute (DAI) DURATION since 2016 ongoing STRUCTURAL ENGINEER ZRS Ingenieure CONSERVATION ENGINEER ZRS Ingenieure IN COOPERATION WITH Iraqi Ministry of Antiquity
Laboratory analysis of different material samples
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PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Archeological Site is one of the World Heritage Sites in Uruk/Iraq. ZRS Architekten Ingenieure were tasked with the creation of a conservation strategy for the whole site. This includes conducting a general and detailed survey of the site and its different buildings and an analysis of diverse damage and failure mechanisms and various laboratory analyses of materials. Following the analysis, several emergency conservation measures were evaluated to prevent further damage to the existing structure. An expert sietsupervision team oversee the implementation of the conservation strategies and establish a training programme for the team of local artisans.
Documentation and analysis of the world heritage site
QAISARIYA ERBIL, KURDISTAN-IRAQ
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CONSERVATION
FACTS
CLIENT Berliner Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Bauforschung und Denkmalpflege im Orient (BABDO), DAI, TU-Berlin, Dr. Dietmar Kurapkat, Dr. Anne Mollenhauer FOUNDING Cultural Preservation Programme of the Federal Foreign Office of Germany DURATION 2012–2014 NET FLOOR AREA approx. 10.000 m2 ARCHITECTURE SURVEY AND EVALUATION Berliner Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Bauforschung und Denkmalpflege im Orient (BABDO) STRUCTURAL ENGINEER SURVEY AND EVALUATION ZRS Ingenieure SERVICES Structural/constructive investigation with attention to material aspects as contribution to complete report by BABDO, Material related and contructural consulting for the Conservation Master Plan, Proposal for feasible measures for earthquake strengthening
Citadel of Erbild. UNESCO World heritage site since 2014. The oldest continuously inhabited town in the world.
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QUASARIYA
Qaisariya Erbil. Collapsed vaults and continually use.
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CONSERVATION
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
Energy-dissepative anchor systems for strengthening against earthquake loads Qaisariya East: Necessary completion of ground floor walls
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QUASARIYA
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The historic souk and trading compound ‘Qaisariya Erbil’ is located in the buffer zone of the fortress of Erbil (UNESCO World Heritage since June 2014). The building complex – stretching over two floors edged by vaulted arcades - contains several hundred small shops. It was built in the 19th century from brick and is still today fully in use despite its partly ruinous condition. From 2012–2014 an interdisciplinary expert team did an extensive survey of the buildings and developed a Conservation Master Plan. This groundwork is the basis for the intended rehabilitation of the building complex.
The masonry of the Qaisariya is made of bricks and earth-gypsum-mortar
HEALING GARDEN CHAMCHAMAL, KURDISTAN-IRAQ
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EARTH & BAMBOO
FACTS
CLIENT Jiyan Foundation for Human Rights NET FLOOR AREA 505m2 COMPLETION 1ST PHASE 09/2016 PLANNING 2ND PHASE ongoing ARCHITECTURE ZRS Architekten / Pierre Lambrecht / Leon Radeljiic STRUCTURAL ENGINEER & EARTH BUILDING CONSULTANCY ZRS Ingenieure LANDSCAPE DESIGN Gesa Diering LOCAL ENGINEER Kameran Mustapha Mohammed ACADEMIC PARTNERS Prof. Ralf Pasel, TU Berlin Prof. Bernd Rudolf, Bauhaus University Weimar
Overview of the animal assisted therapy buildings
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HEALING GARDEN
Repetition of a single typology with different openings and details. The buildings house stables and enclosures for local animals, as well as therapy spaces.
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EARTH & BAMBOO
3. Bauphase Gebäude für Weiterbildungen und Schulungen inkl. Übernachtungsmöglichkeiten.
2. Bauphase Gemeinschaftszentrum mit Therapieräumen, Werkstätten und Freiluft- Theater Baubeginn Frühjahr 2018
1. Bauabschnitt Gebäude für tiergestützte Therapie Fertigstellung Herbst 2016 Bestehendes Therapiezentrum Betrieben von der Jiyan Foundation seit 2010
Biogas - Anlage Fertigstellung Winter 2017 unterstützt von BORDA
4. Bauphase Gebäude für Mitarbeitende Water Treatment Plant Fertigstellung Sommer 2017 unterstützt von BORDA
5. Bauphase Stationäre Frauenklinik
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10
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The ensemble is linked together by a series of shading roofs forming a pathway Masterplan showing building phases
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HEALING GARDEN
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Healing Garden extends an existing Trauma Therapy Centre in Chamchamal, a town originally populated through forced resettlement in Kurdistan-Iraq. The Jiyan Foundation for Human Rights provides contemporary trauma therapy for the victims of war and persecution in the region, particularly women and children. The Foundation is based between Berlin and Kurdistan-Iraq. The project was initiated in Chamchamal, where the local therapists expressed a desire for new healing spaces beyond the existing facilities; spaces suitable for new types of care. The design was developed as a DesignBuild co-operation between students and designers from ZRS, TU Berlin and the Bauhaus University. The project emerged through a series of intense workshops in Chamchamal and Berlin between the Jiyan Foundation and the design team. The 45,000m2 Garden will serve the community as a place of encounter for the neighbourhood and patients. The project puts a strong emphasis on the use of increasingly endangered traditional building materials and techniques. Thus, the new typologies reconnect the community with its pre-resettlement homes and cultural heritage. This act of re-identification with the past provides a way to ultimately let go of the stigmatisation caused by trauma.
Low level openings cater to ground dwelling animals such as rabbits.
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METI SCHOOL HANDMADE RUDRAPUR, BANDGLADESCH
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EARTH & BAMBOO
FACTS
CLIENT Dipshikha / METI (Modern Education and Training Institute) PARTNERS Shanti – Bangladesch eV. / Papal Children’s Mission (PMK) NET FLOOR AREA 310m2 COMPLETION 12/2005 AWARD Aga Kahn Award for Architecture 2007 ARCHITECTURE Eike Roswag-Klinge / Anna Herringer CONCEPT & DESIGN Anna Herringer TECHNICAL PLANNING Eike Roswag-Klinge STRUCTURAL DESIGN & EARTH BUILDING CONSULTATION Ziegert I Seiler Ingenieure BAMBOO CONSULTATION Emmanuel & Stefanie Herringer CONSTRUCTION Dipshikha / METI with local workers
West elevation © Kurt Hörbst
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Ddetail of corner © Kurt Hörbst
METI
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EARTH & BAMBOO
Building site, preparation of earth © Kurt Hörbst Classroom in upper floor with METI students © Kurt Hörbst
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METI
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The School Handmade in Rudrapur, northern Bangladesh, was completed in 2005 for METI (Modern Education and Training Institute). The school aims to provide holistic educational program for the rural population. The architectural design, material choices and construction system all reflect METI’s learning concept by providing spaces with various different characters, atmospheres and potential uses. Massive earthen walls built using the simple “cobb” technique enclose the more sheltered ground floor spaces, which are more suited for concentration. Two organically formed earthen “caves” provide the children with a place to retreat and seclusion. The upper floor classrooms are expansive and airy, places for movement and group learning. This atmosphere is reflected in the light bamboo frame construction and large openings providing views into the landscape. The project demonstrates the possibilities of building with earth and bamboo using simple methods as the continuation of the local rural building tradition and serves as an example for future building developments in the area. A training program provided 25 workers from the direct neighbourhood with the skills required to work with the new techniques independently.
Assembly of bamboo structure © Kurt Hörbst
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EARTHEN SCHOOL TIPU SULTAN MERKEZ JAR MAULWI, PAKISTAN
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EARTH & BAMBOO
PROJECT DESCRIPTION CONTRACTOR & PROJECT SPONSOR Tipu Sultan Merkez (TSM) COMPLETION 03.2013 FUNDING VEBS – Verein für Entwicklung, Bildung und Selbsthilfe e.V. ‘Micro-Project-Scheme’ of the German Embassy, Islamabad, Pakistan AWARDS „Architecture for Necessity“ 2013, Art Museum Virserum, Schweden (Honorary Mention) Holcim Awards GOLD 2011 Asia Pacific ARCHITEKTUR Roswag Architekten STRUCTURAL ENGINEER & EARTH BUILDING CONSULTANCY Ziegert I Seiler Ingenieure LOCAL ARCHITECT Ghayyoor Obaid Syed BAMBOO CONSULTATION Emmanuel Heringer, Geflecht und Raum
View of school building from surrounding landscape showing earthen ground floor and light bamboo top floor.
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TIPU SULTAN MERKEZ
Classroom in ground floor with ventillation openings above windows The upper floor and veranda are formed from a light-weight bamboo frame
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Bamboo veranda and facade details Assembly of the 3-layered bamboo ceiling system
EARTH & BAMBOO
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TIPU SULTAN MERKEZ
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
In cooperation with the organization Tipu Sultan Merkez (TSM) Ziegert Roswag Seiler Architekten Ingenieure developed a school building with eight classrooms as an extension for a campus in the village Jar Maulwi in the west of Pakistan accommodating two kindergarten-groups, five primary-school classes and five secondary-school classes for girls. In addition, agricultural initiatives are supported and teachers were educated within the project. The ground floor consists of two separate heavy earthen cubes, constructed with the weller technique. The upper level is designed as a light bamboo construction. The design continues in the local building-tradition while further developing and enhancing technical construction methods with the aim of becoming a prototype for a new locally rooted building typology using natural materials. The sustainability of the construction was increased by inserting a foundation resistant to humidity, a horizontal barrier and protection against pests. The building was constructed to be both earthquake and flood resistant. Local architects and craftsmen could learn about the enhanced construction techniques, while being part of the realization of the project, ensuring that the knowledge created can be further distributed in the community. During the Holcim Award Ceremony in 2011 TSM was awarded with gold for the region Asia.
Raising the bamboo frame
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MEORE ROYAL BATHS MEROE, SUDAN
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COMPETITION
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The design of the protective shelter for the Royal Baths in Meroe is inspired by the local context: its building materials, construction technique and architectural form were already common in ancient Nubia and are still in use in today’s Sudan. This ensures a harmonic incorporation of the building within the landscape of the Upper Nile Valley as well as an appreciation of the region’s extraordinary cultural and artistic heritage wealth. The building is an earth block shell surrounding the basin and the exedra and providing rooms for visitors and staff. Despite its compact basic form, which gives it a minimal environmental footprint, the protective shelter provides a spacious interior that makes it possible to simultaneously experience the basin and exedra. The earth block walls and the Nubian vaults provide the stable interior climate needed for the preservation of the ancient structures. The use of local building materials and simple, traditional construction techniques make it possible to involve the local population in the building process. The longevity, durability and sustainable functionality of the building are thereby facilitated.
Foundation possible Foundation might be possible Foundation impossible Supports, reinforced concrete Bridging beams, reinforced concrete Strip foundation to bear the weight load of the earth walls, compressed concrete T-Beams, reinforced cocnrete Existing shelters
Foundation analysis plan
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MEROE
Clockwise from top left-hand-side/ Siteplan, exploded drawing, roofplan, floor plan exhibition walkway, floor plan archeological area, elevation west, elevation north
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COMPETITION
Intersections through archeological exhibition area Illustration of archeological exhibition area
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MEROE
detailed section of building construction, material and facade photo documentation of archeological area
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GERMAN EMBASSY COTONOU, BENIN
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COMPETITION
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
In Cotonou, the commercial centre of Benin, a competition was held for the new construction of a new German embassy with attached visa services on a 12.500 m2 site. ZRS’s design was developed with Ăœberraum Architects from London and forsaw a simple 2-storey volume with an innovative concrete/ rammed earth structural system. The atmosphere of the interior spaces and character of the façade is largely defined by the appearance of the locally available natural building material: earth. The material choice and small openings, as well as the cubature and orientation, were defined with respect to the local climatic conditions and thus create a climate-adapted building which is ankered in the local building tradition. Furthermore the innovative structure provides a earthquake proof and robust volume which can meet the high security requirements for modern embassy buildings. The shed-roof allow controlled penetration of indirect sunlight to the internal atrium and offices, while also allowing for a natural ventilation of the spaces. The massive earthern walls regulate the air humidity and temperature and contribute to an all year round stabile internal climate, while reducing the amount of building services required.
Visualisation internal atrium space with rammed earth walls and louvred roof structure
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COTONOU
From top/ sections, elevations and ground floor plan showing division of functions according to safety guidelines
ZRS ARCHITEKTEN INGENIEURE Schlesische StraÃ&#x;e 26 10997 Berlin Deutschland +49 (0)30 398 00 95-0 info@zrs.berlin www.zrs-berlin.de