CIvitts‘U rbs;elakRBwT§acarü sWn CMuesdæa elakRBwT§acarü sWn CMuesdæa Casßabnik nigCaRbFanRkumRBwkSaPi)al énsmaKmExµr km<úCaeRkam edIm,IsiT§imnusS nig GPivDÆn_ TIsñak;karkNþalraCFanIPñMeBj énRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa. CaGtIt CaGnuRbFan nigCaRBHraCatMNagsemþc RkumhøÜg neratþmyuvnaf RbFansgÁmraRsþniym 19871995.
kumarPaB
elakRBwT§acarü sWn CMuesdæa RtUvCabuRtc,grbs;elakta fac; Qwm elakyay fac; Ca kalenAv½yCakumar elak«Buk elakmþay )andak;eQµaHfa fac; CMu. elakRbsUt enAPUmi eRCayR)asaTXMurMdYl-RsukfáÚv extþRBHRtBaMg ¬km<úCaeRkam¦ enAéf¶7ekIt ExbusS qñaMxal RtUvnigéf¶TI7 Exmkra B>s 2483 K>s 1939. sUmbBa¢ak; fa³ CIdUn CIta «Buk mþay rbs;elakCamFümksikrehIy«Buk enAPUmiemrgcas; nigmþay enAPUmiemrgfµI XMuedIméRC Rsukepñadac; EtedayehtusRgÁamenAkm<úCaeRkam sm½yGnaniKm)araMgenA\NÐÚcin bNþal[ExµrnigyYnCasRtUv yYnedjsmøab;Exµr dutvtþ dutpÞHExµr RBmTaMg bMpøaj;GVI²TaMgGs;EdlehAfavb,Fm’Exµr³ sm½yenaH Exµrk¾mankarts‘UTb;Tl;Nas;Edr EtminQñHeK³ k¾naMKñart;ykGayu eRBaHyYneRbIhwgSadl;kMritedayman)araMgenABIeRkay³ ehtuenH)anCa kumar fac; CMu eTARbsUtenApÞHelaktanam Titü elakyaynam raC ÉPUmiRsukdUcCMrabxagelIenaHeTAvij . edaysar «Buk-mþay rt;eKceRKaHGasnñCIvit dUcCnrYmNamExµrdéT enaH.
kumar fac; CMu manbgb¥ÚnrYmépÞ 8rUb KW³ 1>fac; CMu KWrUbelakpÞal; 2> fac; Xµij 3> fac; xµaj; 4> fac; ya:g 5> fac; sag 6> fac; samnþ 7> fac; sg nig 8>fac; søan.
-bBa¢ak; bgb¥ÚnTaMg8rUbenHman³ Rbus2 KW³ fac; CMu nig fac; samnþ.
Gayu 8qñaM¬1947¦ mata-bita )anbBa¢ÚneGayeTAsikSa viC¢a)araMg-Exµr enA salabzmviC¢a navtþ emrgcas;kñúgsMNak;elakRKUnam fac; efIm . kalqñaMenaHmunRsuksanþRtaNRKan; ehIy)araMgk¾ebIk salaeron eGaykUnExµr-yYneron tamvtþ rWk¾tampSarnana EtenAmankic©RtYtRtarbs;)araMgrWyYndEdl .
karsikSa tamkmµviFI)araMg yYnTaMgGs; sMxan;enaHKWRbvtþisaRsþPUmisaRsþExµrkm<úCaeRkam yYn-)araMgmin eGayeroneLIy. Gayu11 ¬1950¦ kumar fac; CMu )anbBa©b;karsikSabzmviC¢a nig )anTTYlviBaØab½Rt bzmviC¢a³)araMg ehA Elementary ehIy)anGnumnÞIsikSaFikarbBa¢ÚnsikSa ¬Primarie¦ enApSaRsukepñadac; kñúgsMNak;elakRKU fac; eKOg nigGñkRKU g:uk mwun. -Gayu14qñaM ¬1953¦ kumar fac; CMu )anRblgbBa©b; fñak;bzmsikSa )araMg-Exµr-evotNam ¬]tþmdæan Supérieus certificate¦rYc)anmata-bita RBmTaMgmnÞIrsikSaFikarextþRtavij ¬RBHRtBaMg¦ bBa¢ÚneTAbnþrkar sikSa mFümsikSa Diplome eTAsala Tabest TIRkugéRBnKrkñúgsMNak; saRsþacarü Ronal Baron nig saRsþacarü GIm guk ra:g ¬ehAfa fac; ehIug¦. -Gayu15qñaM ¬1954¦ )araMgRtUvbraC½y k,ÜnGnaniKmenA\NÐÚcin/ kumar fac; CMu k¾bnþrmux viCa¢mFüamsikSaenH enAsalaQñÜlmYyeQµaH Minh Ðưc kñúgsMNak;saRsþcarü Trân văn vân enARkugextþ Rtavij ¬RBHRtBaMg¦ bg;R)ak;mYyEx 120dugesµInigRsUv8faMg RBmTaMg)anRblgbBa©b;mFümsikSakñúg Gayu17qñaM ¬1957¦ Rbkb;edayeCaKC½ynigTTYlsBaØab½RtmFümsikSa Diploma énviC¢aExµr-)araMgevotNam rYck¾)anbBa¢ÚncUlsalaKruekaslüGs;R)aMmYyEx . -Gayu17-18-19 naqñaM1957-1958 nig1959 eRkayBI)anbBa©b;kic©karKruekaslü/ yuvCn fac; CMu )aneFVIRKUbeRgon GkSrevotNam-Exµr enApSaremrgcas; nigPUmiemrgfµI fñak;GTikdæan RBmTaMgmantYnaTI RbFanRtYtBinitüRKU-sisSénfñak;bzmviC¢a pgEdr . -Gayu19qñaM ¬1960 edImqñaM¦GFiraC )av day ¬Bao Đai¦ )an RbKl;GMNac kU saMgsIun (Cô Chinchin) [ eg:a DIjyIum (Ngô Đinh Diem) RtYtRta/ c,ab;ekNÐTahanrbs; eg:a DIjyIum (Ngô Đinh Diem) k¾ehAelakRKU fac; CMu eTAsalaeya Fin enA FU Dwk (Thu Đưc) ¬éRBnKr¦ bIqñaM nigecjBIkarhVwkhat;TahanenH eKnigbMBak;s½keGays½kmYy ¬GnuesnIyRtI¦ (Thíêu Uý). bBa¢ak;³ raCkar eg:a DIj yIum eLIgeRKagGMNac;qñaM 1960 k¾BitEmn k¾b:uEnþ BYkeK ¬)av day- eg:a DIj yIum¦ )anrYmKñabegáItEpnkarlb;bM)at;GVI²rbs;Exµrkm<úCaeRkampgeyIgTaMgRsug kñúgenaHmanbiTsalamin[eron GkSrExµrCaTUeTA ¬mansalaGnuviTüal½yrsµIcriyaEk,rvtþFMBg;Rtés ¬RkugRBHRtBaMg¦ EdlmanelakRKU fac; sabu‘t CaGñkbeRgonpg nigCaGFikarGnuviTüal½yExµrenaHpg¦ taMgBIqñaM1957mkemøH. karts‘UTamTarBInisSit nig saRsþacarü RBHsgÇ nigGñkesñhaCati ya:gxøaMgkøaNas;EdlmansemþcRBH sgÇRBHnam sWn v:g -semþc]bÄay_ fac; exµA RBHRbFanmRnþIsgÇ Kwm ejov Ekm RBHsgÇnayk KIm sag semþcRBHsgÇ KIm tukecIg RBHvin½yFm’ fac; nYn
¬kalenACaRBHFmµacarüenAeLIy¦ RBHtMNagKN KIm cav RBH)aLat;KN fac; sYn nig RBHemKN fac; eBC.l. EpñkRKhsß³ mansaRsþacarü fac; sab‘ut Rtwg Lay vir³esnIy KIm xNн elak fac; C½r elak fac; sr elak fac; Ék elakGacarü fac; Qun elakGacarü fac; exVo elakRbmux sWn guk fan; RBwT§smaCik sWg fayegVóg rdæsmaCik taMg )a sVwg rdæsmaCik ekóg suT§i elakRKU fac; hVay elakRKU sWn rs; elakRKU fac; QwmCMu KW ¬fac; CMu hñwgÉg¦ elakem PUmi fac; KYg elakGacarü fac; jI elakGacarü fac; rs; saRsþacarü Kwm ehIug elakGacarü fac; ekIg rdæsmaCik y:aj; eNI elakGacarü Lwm sYg elak fac; eyOg elak fac; fn elak fac; ekOg elakecAhVayRsuk eKog munI elak fac; LaMgsar.l. enAmanvIrCnCaeRcIneTotT UTaMgkm<úCaeRkamEdlxJMúmin)ansÁal;. karts‘UTamTarenaH CaeRcInelIkeRcInsaeTA tampøÚvc,ab;EdlrdæGMNac eg:a DiijyIm minrvl;dl;Exµrkm<úCaeRkamesaHeTI,y. lTÐplEdl eg:a DijyIm eGayKW Rkitüelx10¼59 BIqñaM1957emøH manTaMgm:asIúnkatkpg ExµreRkamGñkts‘UrbuBVehtudl;matuPUmI RBHBuT§sasnarbs;xøÜn Rtlb;eTACaecaTfa mnusSrbs;semþc neratþmsIhnu ehIyÉk]tþm sWn san Ék]tþm sWn g:úkfaj; rWCa evot mij > evot kugeTAvij rÜcRtUvcab;cgdak;KukRcva:k; dak;TNÐkmµrhUtdl;søab; b¤k¾cak;fñaM[qáÜt kñúgenaHmanRBHRKYFmµacarü luy sarat CaedIm . TnÞwmKñaenaHEdlmYybkSeTotEdlyYn)anEckpøÚvKñaedIreRbIneya)aybMpøajExµreRkammaneQµaHfa/ rNsirSrM edaHPaKxagt,ÚgevotNam KWrMedaHBInwmRtÜtRtaya:gkacsahavrbs;rdæGMNac eg:a DijyIm Edlman GaemrikaMgCaGkñKaMRT. BÜkenHRtCak;lðwmElðmNas;edIrbe)asGEg¥ll,ÜglYgelamRBHsgÇ nigRKhsß TUeTA { q<inEPñk Exµr } e)akcitþExµr } eFVIeGayExµrTUeTARKb;kEnøgBIGñkERscMkar TIRkug rhUtGñkbBaØv½nÐP½nþPaMg rt;tamrYmKMnitsaøb;rs;/ edIrelITwk edkeRkam> enAéRBXøatPUmiRsúk. kñúgenaHmansemþc sWn v:g RKUmha sÅn fug>elakRKUGacarü vij eKOgRKUmha fac; sab‘ut.l. nig .l. {ebImintamevokkugeT k¾¾tamevotNamEdr/ dUcya:gelak ekog vaMg .l. sWn efOg/ fac; twg ePOk sWn fay egVog fac; eBC / GFibtIsgÇ ega: Esµ/ RBHemKúN fac; eBC CaedIm.l. nig.l. Edr. enaHehIymeFüa)ay { GaBIrnak;Bak;GavEtmYy : ÉExµrxøHxSúy²BYyk¾rt;EmnETnEdretI . meFüa)ayyYn´rab;minGs;eTkalebIsresrvaeRcInTMB½rNas;eRscEtelakGkñGannwkeTAeXIjehIy eRBaH eyIgdwgTaMgGs;Kañ edayeyIgrs;kñúgrbbTaMgBIrenHTaMgGs;Kña etI Emnb¤Gt;? kñúgenaHman´enHEdr/ Gt;manGkñNamÜyeKcpútBI { GaBIrnak;Bak;GavEtmÜyeT } mann½yc,as;fa³ ebImineyokmij eyokkug.
k¾kVwkya:. RseNaHEtbu:eNÑaHeT¡ dwgfaExµrniymRBHBuT§sasna eFVIbu:sþ×xagvtþ eyokkughmB½T§b:usþ×kVwkya: [ynþehaH)aj;vtþsuKt;elaksgÇRBmTaMgkUnExµrEdlnaMKañrt;eTARCkkñúgvtþ rÅfaecaTeTsmanRbkarepSg² cMeBaHRBHsgÇ RKhsßKitTaMgGñkEdlkMBugbMerIp;lRbeyaCn_CUneKk¾eday. bnþk;kaMePøIgFM/ T½BefµI/ T½BGa kas;/ rfeRkaHB½T§vtþ/ PUmiRsuk)aj;smøab;/ eqHvtþ/ pÞHsMEbg/ cMkarc,ardMnaM/ eQIéRB eKaRkbI bgár)anCaGMeBIvInaskmµGnþraydl;Eexµr\tRtarab;;. edIm,IkMu[cakRbFanbTBIRbvtþipÞal;rbs;elakRKU fac; Qwm CMu ´esøsb:ueNÑHsincuH ehIyerobrab;bnþBIkalc,ab;bdicarkic©eyaFarbs;eg:aDicywm mkelIelak RKUbeRgon/ GFikarsalaExµrxøH² kñúgenaHKWxJMúpÞal;pgEdr. edaymankarBicarNasarcuHsareT,Igfa xøÜn)annwg kMBugrYmshkarbMerICatimatuPUmiRBHBuT§sasnaCamYynigvr³CndUcerobrab;xagelIRBmTaMg»vaTrbs;elak«Buk elak maþy rbs;xJMú k¾dUcCakarTUnµanBIRBHvir³samN³ vIrburspgEdrenaH { xJMúk¾dac;citþmineKarBykc,ab; eTAsalaeyaFinÞ : EdlrdæGMNaceg:aDijyImtRmUvenaHeLIy elak«Búk elakmþay/ CIdUnCItarbs;xJMú { man Rbsasn_RsbKñafa³ [ÉgeTAeFVITahanEdrEtTahanRBH } eFIVeGayxJMúRsbbMNgNas;.
buBVC¢aPavH qµaM 1960-Gyu19naEf¶eBjbUrmI ExplÁún CIdUn CIta mata bita )anbMbÜselakRKÚ fac; QwmCMu CasameNr kñúgsMNak;RBH]bÄay_viryFemµa fac; sux enABTæsImavtþ Kgbnay Cyaram ¬emrgfµI¦ . bYs)an 2 ExsameNr fac; QwmCMu )aneFVIkic¢vtþsUmlaejam . RBH]bÄay_ nig RBHecAGFikarsgÇ KW RBHPikçú munIsuvNÑ sÅn rs; eTAsikSabriytþiviCa¢na vtþ]tþmmúnIraCbUCa PUmi)a:ya:m XMúrMdÜl niKmfáÚv extþ RBHRtBaMg kñúsMNak;RBHFmµacarü knþFemµa Kwm tukecIg 2RBHvsSaKW fñak;RtI nigfañk;eTa . nig)an TTÜlnaTICaelxaFikarrbs;KNclnaRBHsgÇpg . qñaM1962RBHRKU*ecAGFikar sWn rs; RBHGgÁsacak sikçabT RBHPikçú tb,sI fac; Gag CaBhusURt)aTTYlRBHzan³CaRBHecAGFikar EtRBHGgÁGaBaFeday eraKaRkMéRkeRBaHBBYkGCJaFrRsúkfáÚv vaydMy:agdMNMEdlman ya:j dU CaecAhaVyRsúkecaTRBH GgÁfaelakeyokkug mUlehtúdwknaMRBHsgÇ)atukmµtsU‘rBYkrdækareg:aDijyIm [edaHElgRBHRKUGacarü ePI nigRBHRKUGacarü luy sar:t EdlBYkvacab;eFVITaruNkmµqñaM1960enaH. dUecñHRBHGgÁecAGFikar fac;Gag minGaceFVIkar)an . eBlenaHKNHkmµkarvtþemrgfµImanelaktaejam fac; ejIúg elak Gacarüvtþ fac; jIú RBmedayBuT§bris½T§)aneTAnimnþRBHPikçú klüaNFemµa fac; QwmCMu ¬sUmbBa¢ak;fa kalqñaMenaH KW)anbMeBj]b,sm,TaCaPikçúPav³ehIy¦ EdlnigkMBucg;bnþkarsikSaBuTi§Fmµvin½y fñak;ÉkeTot enaH eGaynimnþeTAvtþemrgfµIvij edIm,ICÜyemIlsuxTukçvtþ nigBuT§bris½T§TaMgTTUcbMput Etya:genHk¾eday sameNr fac; QwmCMu ecHEtBIsMucitþjatiejam nigsnüafaeRkayBIelak)anbBa¢b;fñak;Ékswn .
jatiejamBuT§bris½T§RbmaN40rUbRBmTaMgKNkmµkarvtþKµansgÇwmesaH k¾GeBa¢IjeT,IgmhakudiRBHdMNag KN nigCaRBHbitasgÇ RBmTaMgRBHRKUFmµacarü KWm tukecIg kalenaHRBHGgÁ CaRKUrbs;sameNr fac; QwmCuM pÞal;pgCaRBHhaFikarpg BiessCaRBHGKÁelxaFikar énKNclnaRBHsgÇpgsuMRbTanbBa¢aEt mþg RBHRKURTg;mansgÇdikar : elak CMu : eqøIyTan;eKehAdl;eKQb;ehAehIy ERbCaeqøIyeKfaqáÜt sameNr fac; QwmCMu sþab;Tan;sgÇdikarRKUrbs;xøÚnk¾RkabfVaybgÁMRBHdMNagKN nigRBHRKUTaMgcMerInBrR)ab;dl; KNkmµkarvtþnigBuT§bris½T§sMEdgqnÞHyl;RBm jatiejamGrNas; edaybeBa¢jbnÞrsBaØafa³ saFu saFu¡ ya:gkgrMBg . karerobcM\v:an; esovePA Km<Idikar Esghwb elakemevnnam Tn; nimnþRBHPikçú eLIgeTacRkyanbeNþIr jatiejamGeBa¢IjRtsgtameRkayeq<aHeTAvtþKgbnÞayCyaramPUmiemrgfµIvij naExmina qñaM1962 . RBHRKUFmµacarü nig CaGKÁlixaFikarénsmaKmRBHsgÇedaybMNg[sameNr fac; QwmCuM )ansikSabB©ab;briytþiviC¢a ¬FmµÉk¦ eRBaHkIþemtaþ RBHGgÁk¾GnuBaØat[)ansikSaral;éf¶sIl KW8 k>r15k>r EdlmanviBaØasarsMxan;² KW RBHviny½ RBH)atiemakç RBHPiFmµ ehIy nig BuuTæanuBuTæ ¬4 viBaaØsar ¦. t,itRBHPikçú fac; QwmCMu eRkayBI)annimnþBIBuTæbris½T§vtþemrgfµImkqñaMenaH k¾)anTTYlbBa¢aBIKNclna RBHsgÇEdlmanRBHetCKuN Fmµetßr Kwm ejovEkm CaRbFan [beRgünRBHFmµvin½yfñak; RtIdl;RBHsgÇ RBmTaMgviC¢aexmr³Pasa éf¶-yb; ¬salaRbCasikSa b¤ sgÁhsala¦enAvtþemrgfµIenaHpg kñúgqñaMenaHEtmþgEdr KN³clnaRBHsgÇ k¾)anpþl;zan³[CaRbFanclnaRBHsgÇ XMuedIméRC Edlman7vtþ KW³ vtþKg;bnÞayCyaram ¬ PUmi emrgfµ emrgfµI ¦ vtþ brmnimµit ¬ PUmival lak; ¦ vtþysemRtI ¬ emrgFM ¦ vtþeBaFibwg ¬ xñacTTwg ¦ vtþstßarnTI ¬ Rbxub ¦ vtþ)aharIPUmiCUnC½y ¬vtþFM ¦ RBmTaMgvtþC½yKIrI]tþmmanC½y ¬éRCtasUr ¦ rYmemIlkarsuxTukç[RBHsgÇ-BuT§bris½T§ PUmiemrgfµI ekaHTnøab; epñakeBa©k; k¾dUcCaenACMuvIjvtþnana kñúgXMuedIméRCTaMgmUlEdr . 1962 k¾CaqñaMyYneRbIyuTæsaRsþy:agsahav yuTæsaRsþenaHdwknaMedayrNsisSrMedaHPaKxagt,ÚgevütNam (Mat Tran Giay Phong Mien Nam) ¬m:ak;Rtwgy:aypugemogNam¦ manbYnEbbKW³ 1- clnats‘UsIueRCA RBHBuTæsasna (Sai Van) ¬s‘ayywug¦ 2- clnats‘UsIueRCAcUlTahan (Binh Van) ¬b‘ÍnyIug¦ 3- clnasIueRCAcUlkmµ-ksikr (Nong Dan) ¬NugyIug¦ nig 4- clnats‘URbyuTæbeNþjcRkBtiþGaemrikaMg QøanBan nigrdæaPi)al Fiv kI Cabriva (My Nguy) ¬mIugVúy¦ rMedaHTwkdICUnRbCaCn . ´sUmfVay nig CRmabCUnGñkGanxøI²lMGitnUvyuT§saRsþclnats‘UsIueRCARBHBuT§sasnamandUcteTAenH>>> eBléf¶yYn FIv kI vabMpøajPUmiRsuk mnusS RTBüsm,tþi-vb,Fm¾Exµrkñuúg nigeRkAvtþ. eBlyb;yYn eyokkugmkniyaylYgelamBnül;BI])aykl; d¾GaRkk;rbs;rdækar FIv-kI eXaeXAmkelIRBHsgÇ RbCaCny:agenHy:agenaHedayrab;minGs;. dUecñHRBHsgÇ yayta mamIg Em:« bgb¥ÚnRtÚvEtRBUtédKñats‘U RbqaMgTamTareTAvIjedaymanrUbmnþKW clnabMpus[RBHsgÇRKb;zananuRkm
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