Portfolio2021_Junyong Park by Junyong Park

ARCHITECTURE PORTFOLIO JUNYONG PARK : 2006 - 2021

JUNYONG PARK Work and live in New York / Registered Architect in Korea 229 W 60th St #2C, New York, NY (10023) +1 646 240 3901 jp4101@columbia.edu / mars.jypark@gmail.com

EDUCATION

ACTIVITIES

Columbia University GSAPP, New York, U.S

2020 - 2021

“The third project Show”, Project Space SARUBIA

2017, 2019

Hongik University School of Architecture, Seoul, Republic of Korea

2006 - 2014

Brainswords, Hongik University Hip-hop Club

2007 - 2008

Master of Science in Advanced Architectural Design (M.S.AAD) Bachelor of Architecture (B.ARCH)

WORK EXPERIENCE Project Space SARUBIA(Alternative Art Space), Seoul, Republic of Korea Architectural Advisor

Senior Designer

2017 - 2019

2014 - 2017

Responsible for overall work from Schematic Design to Construction Drawings

ROK Army / The Blue House Presidential Security Service Sergeant

2009 - 2011

Responsible for ensuring the safety and protection of the South Korean President

1st Prize, as a Project Designer of SEE Architects Design Team

2017 2016

Gwang-Gyo 1 Catholic Church Architectural Competition

2015

POSCO Steel Design Festa

2013

Scholarship for Academic Excellence

2012, 2013

3rd Prize, as a Junior Designer of SEE Architects Design Team Honorable Mention, Individual Work Hongik Scholarship, Hongik University School of Architecture

2016

POSCO Steel Design Festa Award Winners Exhibition

2013

Korea Institute of Registered Architects, Seoul, Republic of Korea

POSCO Tower Yekosam, Seoul, Republic of Korea

PUBLICATIONS Re-Connectiong Beirut

2021

https://www.arch.columbia.edu/reconnecting-beirut

Korean Architecture Awards

Awards of Excellence, as a Junior Designer of SEE Architects Design Team

Korean Architecture Awards 2016 Winners Exhibition

Columbia Books on Architecture and the City

AWARDS / HONORS Bupyeong Catholic Church Architectural Competition

Vice president, Performer, Rap tutor

EXHIBITION

Consultation on architectural details, Construction administration

SEE Architects, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Poster Designer(2019), Architectural Advisor(2017, 2019)

LICENSE Registered Architect in Korea

2019 -

Korea Institute of Registered Architects (KIRA)

SKILLS Rhinoceros Grasshopper AutoCAD SketchUP Revit

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Photoshop InDesign Illustrator QGIS Rendering

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Hand Drawing MS Office English (TOEFL: 108) Korean

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CONTENTS 01. MULLAE ART SPACE PROJECT

02. RE-CONNECTING BEIRUT

03. OPEN AIR

04. THE DID TREATMENT ROOM

05. THE LIBRARY OF GUTENBERG

HSA Artist-in-residence

GSAPP Urban Rehabilitation

GSAPP Hybrid Learning Center

HSA Study on Spatial Design

GSAPP Library + Data Center

06. BALCONIZE

07. NExTWORK

08. ZENITAS BUILDING

09. HIDDEN HILLS

10. HOUSE 518

11. HOUSE 621

HSA Facade Refurbishment

Design Competition Community Hub Proposal Posco Steel Desgin Festa 2013 Honorable Mention

Professional Work Retail & Office Space Korean Architecture Awards 2016 Awards of Excellence

Professional Work Fairway Villa

Professional Work Housing

01. MULLAE ART SPACE PROJECT Urban Redevelopment Proposal 9th Semester studio at HSA Year: 2013 Advisor: Yeonghwan Lim Location: Seoul, Korea Program: Artist-in-residence + Exhibition Space Category: Academic Project, Individual Work

South Korea’s rapid urban and economic growth after the 1970s caused diverse side effects, such as urban imbalance and privatization. The price of land soared as population and capital were concentrated in cities, while disadvantaged young people were increasingly pushed into poor housing environments. According to a survey, more than 30 percent of young people aged 34 and under in Seoul live in poor living circumstances that fail to reach the legal minimum standards of residences; furthermore, they have been losing this space because of the gentrification. This project proposes a win-win plan for the declining industrial complex and young artists who have lost their spaces because of gentrification, and it introduces the hanging city, free from the invasion of capital.

ISSUE: GENTRIFICATION

CURRENT STATUS: MULLAE INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

The gentrification around the Hongdae area began with an influx of real estate capital. Most of the buildings in the Sang-su area, one of the representative areas where artists lived, were used for residences. However, a large-scale real estate investment has been taking place since 2006, and the inflow of bank capital has increased sharply. The building’s purpose was changed for commercial use and artists and college students living there were forced to move out.

-Existing Factories -Illegal Extension

7 Young residents in the area

Buildings owned by outside investors

Changes in bank capital investment in Sangsu district’s real estate

Number of Buildings owned by outside investors/ Young resident (aged 25-34) in the area

Mullae-dong was the heart of the steel industry in the 1980s. However, after the manufacturing industry declined, the number of factories was reduced from 800 down to 100. Except for factories on the lower floors, most of the floors of the remaining buildings became vacant and became a twilight zone while illegally extended warehouses and cranes covered the street.

Current status: illegally extended buildings and unstable structures Changes in the use of factory buildings ▶

1980

2006 : 34

2008 : 50

2010 : 102

Changes in the number of buildings being used as restaurants/cafes

2012 : 160

2000

2012

In the mid-2000s, the artists moved from the Hongdae area and started moving into the empty factory buildings. Now, there are more than 80 studios, as well as small exhibition spaces, on the rooftops and streets; this opens new possibilities for the coexistence of artists and industrial artisans. Numbers of Steel Works / Numbers of Artist Studios

STRATEGY: HANGING NEW STRUCTURE ABOVE THE FACTORIES

REMOVE

In the design, the illegally extened warehouses that occupied the road are removed, and columns are installed. The exhibition space is hung on the columns, and a promenade is set up around it. The promenade is strolling areas for the residents and also outdoor viewpoints, supporting rooftop exhibitions and open studios.

Remove

Lighting FACTORY

ARTIST STUDIO

FACTORY

COLLABORATION

In order to prevent these problems, this project has begun with the idea that a new type of architecture should be presented that minimizes land occupation. Workshops, living spaces, and exhibition spaces supported by core and minimal structures were placed at the top of the factory zone. This structure minimizes the removal or interference of existing buildings while presenting a solution for the local problems such as illegal extensions and slumism.

Most factories use illegally attached canopies and cranes as loading decks that spoil the streetscape and occupy most of the walkways. The project tried to solve these problems by installing cranes and lighting on the suggested structure, with the crane extended to the studios on the upper part to provide an environment for collaboration between the factories and the resident artists.

WORK SPACE

Even if artists successfully settled in Mullae-dong, are they free from gentrification? This place may be commercialized someday, and there may be a vicious cycle of the artists being forced to leave again.

ARTIST

FACTORY MEISTER

A’

1. Loading Deck & Work Shop 2. Seminar Room 3. Private Artist Studio 4. Outdoor Exhibition Space 5. Living Space (Type C) 6. Atrium & Corridor 7. Exhibition Space 8. Promenade

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

SKY LIGHT & LOUVER The skylight and louvers on the roof light up and ventilate the space, thus increasing energy efficiency. A variety of greenery spaces placed in the atrium refreshes the interior environment. Atrium in Artist Studio

Atrium in Housing System

HOUSING SYSTEM The housing system provides three types of living units for young artists. Each unit is designed to suit a single or two-persons housing. The Community Space placed between the units promotes the exchange and collaboration of the artists in residence. Unit Type A

Unit Type B

Unit Type C

ARTIST STUDIO & EXHIBITION SPACE It provides studios in a variety of forms and sizes and enables the artists to create artworks without limitation of genre and sizes. The cranes installed inside and outside the workshop delivers and exchanges the works from the factories located in the lower part of the building, encouraging collaboration between the factories and the artists. Exhibition Space offers exhibition opportunities to the artists at the studio, and a cultural facility to the local residents. The promenade crossing the gallery is a strolling area for the residents and also outdoor viewpoints, supporting rooftop exhibitions, murals, and open studios.

Artist Stuido & Exhibition Space

STRUCTURE SYSTEM Structure System supports the upper buildings and also provide infrastructure system to the factories at the lower floors. Instead of illegal temporary structures occupying the road, it provides a clean and safe street and various large and small green spaces and lighting systems. Crane System

Lighting System

Bridging Artist & Audience

AXONOMETRIC

012

4F PLAN

1:200 Physical Model

012

2F PLAN 5 4

6 2

7 12 8

012

1F PLAN

11 9 10

012

-1F PLAN

1. Living Space (Type A) 3. Living Space (Type C) 5. Office 7. Private Studio (Type A) 9. Seminar Room & Storage 11. Workshop

2. Living Space (Type B) 4. Community Space & Cafe 6. Community Space & Pantry 8. Private Studio (Type B) 10. Seminar Room 12. Lounge

01 2

3F PLAN

012

4F PLAN

1. Artist Workshop & Studio 012

2F PLAN

2 012

1F PLAN

012

-1F PLAN

2. Artist Workshop & Studio

02. RE-CONNECTING BEIRUT Urban Rehabilitation 1st Semester studio at GSAPP Year: 2020 Advisors: Richard A. Plunz, Victor F. Body-Lawson Collaborators: UN-Habitat, World Health Orgainzation Location: Gemmayze, Beirut, Lebanon Program: Various Category: Academic Project, Group Work

This project challenges status quo planning protocols and suggests engaging the community in a discourse that could offer new ways of rethinking Beirut’s urban infrastructure in rebuilding in the aftermath of August 4 2020. Our work as represented in this project is made under the rubric of a hypothetical NGO. Our intention is to suggest how our NGO could deliver rapidly implementable emergency and long-term strategies for rebuilding and rethinking Beirut in the aftermath of the August 4 2020 blast that destroyed major parts of the city. Our testbed focus is the Gemmayze neighborhood adjacent to the blast site in the port. Our effort challenges status quo planning protocols and suggests engaging the community in a discourse that would offer new ways of rethinking Beirut’s urban infrastructure in the rebuilding process. Our Timeline as Provocation suggests a forecast of events should rebuilding follow normative trends; and we provide provocations and alternatives, through interventions, that could lead to a more promising future for the city and its people.

THE CATALYTIC MOMENT: On August 4, 2020 a substantial portion of Beirut was heavily damaged or destroyed by two explosions in the port; the second was of enormous magnitude, 4.5 Richter scale on ground surface. The explosion is said to be among the largest non-nuclear blasts in history. In a region of 2.4 million, 300,000 persons were displaced or otherwise directly affected; 110 buildings were totally emptied and the 15,000 persons lost their homes were concentrated among the 1.5 million population who are Syrian refugees. Within days, given pressure by citizen protests, the Prime Minister and Lebanese Cabinet resigned, leaving a caretake government of limited effectiveness. Extensive international aid was activated, including involvement of the United Nations and UN-Habitat. In our engagement, we were challenged by the notion that rebuilding could somehow challenge how planning has worked in the past.

THE SIMMERING BACKGROUND: Since the early 1990s and after 15 years of civil war, the country missed several opportunities to rise from the ashes and instead moved from one crisis to the next resulting in increased civil unrest, lack of basic services, and growing poverty among its population. There was the early waste crisis in 1994 and ongoing to date. There were other infrastructural failures including the electricity shortages and the mismanagement and supply shortage of water services. All has been in the context of the questionable banking practices which have led to an idle economic sector evidenced in unemployment and immigration. Even before the blast, Lebanon has been left with a compounding of difficulties undermining its future. Ninety percent of its urban population lacks basic urban services and inadequate living environments. Political turmoil has led to system collapse that has predominantly affected an estranged low to middle income population known as the “dwellers of city’s suburbs in dense urban settings.” Lately these conditions have been coupled with the October 2019 uprising and the COVID-19 lockdown, also mostly affecting residents living below the poverty-line and facing ever increasing socio-economic uncertainties.

Damage on Roads and Buildings: Destroyed

Severe Damage

Moderate Damage Possible Damage

RE-ACTIVATING PUBLIC LIFE IN BEIRUT:

Interstitial Spaces:

Only 5 percent of Beirut neighborhoods comprise formally designated public space, making it a scarce resource and inaccessible to most. Following this logic, Re-connecting Beirut suggests a series of new spatial networks, that could increase connectivity and accessibility. The proposed architectural interventions follow a strategic localized approach that can assist in discussion of real needs by local stakeholders. This urban network concept will reconnect Beirut through micro interventions that aim to stitch public space into the urban fabric through essential infrastructural services.

SITE: Our focus site is a section of Gemmayze Street in the Mar Mikhaël quarter and located 200 meters from the blast Ground Zero. It has sustained extensive damage, including many unsafe or collapsed buildings. It requires extensive rebuilding. A hub within our site is the famous Saint Nicholas Stairs, together and includes several other nearby nodes along the street to the east. The neighborhood was home to a mix of long-term elderly residents, together with younger group of engaged in entrepreneurship, arts, and other cultural production. In recent years Gemmayze became a popular destination for the entire city. Its fabric is comprised of a mix of “heritage” buildings, comfortable housing from the last century, and some more recent new construction. The ground floors tended to be dominated by a variety of commercial uses including restaurants.

Public Space in Municipal Beirut: Park / Garden / Coastal Recreational Space / Public Building

THE INTERSTITIAL SPACE: In Gemmayze, our site, activating the informal interstitial spaces and expanding formal public space can help as a catalyst for reoccupation. To reclaim public space for the residents, sidewalk extensions on Gemmayze street are proposed to host commercial and public events that can promote social gatherings and facilitate accessibility. The interstices can form a pedestrian network of nodes that complement the formal public spaces, while offering essential services like housing, recreational areas, and public services together with necessary infrastructure like water, energy and broadband. The architectural interventions aim to connect to the heritage of Beirut with modest means like scaffolding, frames, and cladding materials that are appropriated to fit the local cultural context. Material sourcing and labor for the construction of the urban and economic network would be locally sourced in collaboration with workers, craftsmen and NGOs that connect to local architects, construction firms and workers. Re-connecting Beirut requires both physical intervention and community engagement in decision making. To promote transparency and communication, a digital network is introduced as a public platform, where the residents can participate in the process of the nodal development, thus adopting a bottomup planning approach that provides equity and local agency to all Beirut communities. Reconnecting Beirut aims to reoccupy Gemmayze and activate the rich neighborhood economic network in the short term, while in the long-term providing a network concept that can be applied to other neighborhoods expanding on the potential of unutilized interstitial nodes and public spaces.

MODE OF OPERATION

Water Harvesting System

Apart our focus on rebuilding Gemmayze, our task has included rethinking the urban infrastructure of the city, addressing many of the problems that were present before the present calamity, from infrastructural inadequacy to social disjunction. Our team has been engaged with consideration of building strategies inclusive of the role of public space, within broader consideration of implementation. We are in dialogue with the resident community and have sought professional advice from Beirut. Through our study of Gemmayze we have suggested a strategy of micro-nodal deployment that could inform the development of a similar strategy elsewhere in the city and region, and possibly for other global cities facing similar challenges.

OUR APPROACH Our hypothetical NGO will work to develop a system of microscale interventions complimentary to the pre-existing and normative “top-down” planning strategies. Our site will serve as a testing ground for next generation “distributed infrastructure” approaches at the building cluster scale. Among the considerations are: • Pedestrian Connectivity: Rebuilding considers reconnection and reuse of public spaces for more inclusive social and economic integration including ease of access for all citizens. • Construction Materials and Technique: Consideration is given to reuse of rubble, sourcing of local materials, and collaboration with local labor. The proposed interventions aim to develop methods for the rapid deployment of building systems. • Water Harvesting: Given that scarcity of water resources has been a concern for many years, rainwater collection at the building scale is a primary consideration in rebuilding. • Clean Energy Production: Next generation photovoltaic integration with building-scale rebuilding is considered essential to the future of the city. • Housing and Health Services: Provision of a range of options for health services is an integral emphasis for public space considerations, including options for temporary facilities during the global COVID-19 pandemic.

Solar Energy System

KIT OF PARTS The immediate strategy for reconstruction revolves around a series of architectural devices and “Kit of Parts”. The kit includes structural hosts, skin materials and essential service elements. These elements are combined to form four different nodes that cater to a range of needs of people living on Gemmayze Street. Four interstitial nodes comprise immediate architectural interventions required for the rehabilitation: the Recreational node, the Wellness node, the Live-Work node and Urban platform node.

Scaffolding

Container

Frame Structure

Frame Structure - Assembly

URBAN PLATFORM NODE

WELLNESS NODE

We see that some lots between buildings are gated spaces monopolized by some for parking on site. The Urban platform Node can provide an elevated platform in these “Type C : Gated spaces”, while maintaining the parking underneath. The urban platform would host local cultural cuisines and markets and can be used for local events. The urban platform can host a lot of potential collaborators in Gemmayze, including Tawlet, presents a different cultural cuisine in Lebanon each week.

There are hidden opportunities in Gemmayze close to hospitals and clinics that fall under “Type B : Courtyard, Atrium, Garden” in the Interstitial Space Catalog, and can be appropriately used for Wellness Nodes. The Wellness Node is composed of light structure architecture like containers and scaffolding that can be mobilized according to specific needs. They can be adapted for COVID-19 testing and vaccination, with adjacent public space used for public seating, book sharing and other community uses.

RECREATIONAL NODE

LIVE-WORK NODE

We can see so many informally gated spaces in Gemmayze between buildings, which end up being used for storage or in some cases parking lots. These spaces are represented as “Type C : Gated Space” in the Interstitial Space Catalog, where we propose to transform these spaces into Recreational Nodes for the residents. The nature of a recreational Node is to provide essential services to the residents using minimal architectural interventions where the services would be determined by the residents through a digital network.

Under-used courtyards, and gardens between buildings are known as the hidden gems of Gemmayze. These spaces fall under “Type B : Courtyard, Atrium ,Garden” in the Interstitial Space Catalog. We propose to use these spaces to host a Live-Work Node comprising prefabricated architectural components. These spaces can provide immediate housing for those displaced from their homes, and longer-term they could be used to house young artists, craftsmen and other people connected to the site.

URBAN PLATFORM NODE

WELLNESS NODE

RECREATIONAL NODE

LIVE-WORK NODE

URBAN PLATFORM NODE The Urban platform Node is a public space located above existing parking on the site. The public platform provides green space for urban farming for residents. It is a lightweight architectural intervention constructed with a scaffolding/ frame and clad with locally-sourced mesh fabrics. The platform can host small businesses, micro-markets and eateries, and local events. The arrangement of the architectural components within the open space can be determined by the residents of the neighborhood through the digital network following density and programmatic constraints.

URBAN PLATFORM NODE COMPONENTS

PLAN

URBAN PLATFORM NODE ASSEMBLY

PHASING

WELLNESS NODE The Wellness Node is an interstitial light structure intervention that is comprises two main components. A health component is assembled from container architecture and scaffolding and aims to provide multiple immediate healthcare services. These services include COVID-19 testing, vaccination, and patient room extensions for hospitals and clinics in need. A second component is a public space area that can provide seating broadband, book sharing, marketing for small local businesses, together with digital hub connection for the Digital Platform.

WELLNESS NODE COMPONENTS

PLAN

WELLNESS NODE ASSEMBLY

PHASING

RECREATIONAL NODE The Recreational Node is located in a Type C: informally gated space with a linear configuration. The Recreational Node can provide essential services for the residents of the surrounding area, to be determined by the residents themselves with use of the Digital Platform. Essential services like water, and electricity are provided through scaffolding structures, with a public space platform and an ADA ramp added to provide accessibility to the area behind. The public space can accommodate a small playground underneath, to provide a safe, visible area for children to play. Terrace scaffolding can provide access for units that do not have direct connection to the public space.

RECREATIONAL NODE COMPONENTS

PLAN

RECREATIONAL NODE ASSEMBLY

PHASING

LIVE-WORK NODE The Live-Work Node is an interstitial addition to housing in Gemmayze. The Node is composed of prefabricated frame structures that vary in size and shape according to the spatial requirements of the empty plot on size. The units are meant to house displaced residents’ post-blast in the short term and would then evolve to spread out through the site to house artists, entrepreneurs, and workers on site. The Live-Work concept would come more in the later stages where the unit would have a living space, a small office/workshop and an open public space that connects to the side streets and the courtyards between buildings, and thus would create more vibrant side streets and voids between buildings.

LIVE-WORK NODE COMPONENTS

PLAN

LIVE-WORK NODE ASSEMBLY

PHASING

PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT Re-connecting Beirut requires both physical intervention and community engagement in decision making. To promote transparency and communication, a digital network is introduced as a public platform, where the residents can participate in the process of the nodal development, thus adopting a bottom-up planning approach that provides equity and local agency to all Beirut communities. Residents can request the necessary materials and manpower for the intervention on our website. Guidelines that visualize the assembly process and the time, manpower, and equipments required for it are distributed through the website.

INTERVENTION GUIDELINE: LIVE-WORK NODE

03. OPEN AIR Hybrid Learning Center 3rd Semester studio at GSAPP Year: 2021 Advisors: Eric Bunge & Mimi Hoang Location: Jackson Heights, New York Category: Academic Project, Pair Work

One beauty of Jackson Heights lies in the diversity and strength of its many ethnic communities. Its residents - over half are foreign-born and a third are non-citizens – speak over one hundred languages. They also represent the city’s essential workers in retail, hospitality and health, and were impacted by one of the City’s worst rates of COVID infection and business closure rates this past year. And yet throughout lockdown, the streets of Jackson Heights bustled with public, commercial and domestic activities – a testament to the neighborhood’s vitality. For many visitors the neighborhood represents a one stop destination for Latino and South Asian culture – a home away from ‘home’. Clearly, the neighborhood’s cultural capital extends well past its physical boundaries. However, its density, lack of open space, and access to municipal resources (whether due to citizenship, language or technological barriers) are real challenges in sustaining a thriving and equitable civic home outside of ‘home’. The goal of this project is to provide them with the most necessary urban infrastructure by closely analyzing the cultural and urban background of the area.

ECONOMIC STRESS In Jackson Heights, 25% of residents live in poverty, compared with 20% of NYC residents. 59% of Jackson Heights residents are rent burdened, a higher rate than residents citywide. This economic situation deprives them of opportunities for higher education. That’s the reason why high school and college enrollment rates are low despite the region’s high scores and high attendance rate.

LACK OF PUBLIC GREEN SPACE One of the biggest weakness of this neighborhood is a shortage of public parks. The city officials have tried to address this problem by closing some streets and making pedestrian plazas. Diversity Plaza in our site is one of them and it is the most loved square by the locals. We expand this plaza in the form of a rooftop park and connect it with the subway platform on the elevated railway.

Close 76th St and connect the two blocks. To minimize the resulting traffic impact, 37th Rd that was closed for Diversity plaza is reopened.

The restaurants and shops located on the site are moved to the underground arcade. It forms a circulation connecting the newly created sunken plaza and the subway platform.

Place an inclined mass and extend the plaza through its rooftop.

The open library located in the center of the mass plays a role of a circulation connecting each educational facility and at the same time, it serves as a structure supporting the inclined mass.

Vertical voids penetrate from the roof to the underground arcade and form a courtyard. These green spaces become the central space of each educational facility.

ROOFTOP PARK

The expanded plaza in the form of a rooftop park penetrates into the interior space vertically through various interventions.

DAY CARE CENTER

AFTER SCHOOL PROGRAM

SENIOR EDUCATION PROGRAM

OPEN LIBRARY

Educational facilities are arranged around the green spaces that flow into the interior space.

SENIOR EDUCATION PROGRAM

DAY CARE CENTER

OPEN LIBRARY

AFTER SCHOOL PROGRAM

UNDERGROUND ARCADE

The interior space consists of three programs that are most essential for local citizens. And an open library that supports them encompasses and connects all the programs.

4F PLAN

SUBWAY

1F PLAN

BUS STATION

3F PLAN

SUBWAY

ROOSEVELT AVE

2F PLAN B1F PLAN

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE 01

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE 02

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE 03

FAÇADE FROM 37th Rd

EAST ENTRANCE

UNDERGROUND ARCADE

AFTER-SCHOOL EDUCATION CENTER : 1ST FLOOR

AFTER-SCHOOL EDUCATION CENTER : 2ND FLOOR

DAY CARE CENTER

SENIOR EDUCATION CENTER

04. THE DID TREATMENT ROOM Study on Spatial Design 5th Semester studio at HSA

The theme of my fifth studio in the Hongik School of Architecture was to compose a space of 6m x 6m x 6m freely. As a big fan of films and comics, I wrote a story about spaces, and then I transformed the scenario into a spatial design. It was the treatment room for DID patient. The project began with my scenario about a patient who suffers from dissociative identity disorder (DID), also known as multiple personality disorder. To make the narrative solid, I took professional advice from Dr. Park, the head of Hanmaeum Mental Hospital in Busan. DID patients have more than two personalities in one body. Triggers that change a personality vary depending on the trauma or experiences of the patient. Once a personality has changed, the dormant personalities become unconscious, and most patients don’t recognize that they have other personalities. In this case, helping them be aware of their condition may be the first step in treatment.

The room composed with two symmetric spaces and one secret passage.

2F PLAN

1F PLAN

Year: 2008 Advisor: Yoon Tohyeon Program: Patient’s Room Category: Academic Project, Individual Work

This scenario is about a patient whose personality changes by visual stimulus from colors, the chaos that he experiences in the room, and the psychologists who observe and record his behavior for use in treatment.

It has been a week since I woke up in this house. I don’t remember a thing. Where am I? How did I get here?

I look around.... This place has two floors, no shortage of food, and there seems to be no problem in staying, but I can’t find a door... or a window...

The fridge is full . . .

But, the real problem is, I think someone else is in this house . . .

The footprint of a stranger . . . The props moved in different positions . . . Someone was here!!!

What??? is here the p. . .

!!!!!!!!!!!

I find a gap behind the wardrobe, and I realize there is another house beyond the wall !!! What is the place? The resident of that house broke into here?

I need to find a door to get there. What about this door?

It has been a week since I woke up in this house. I don’t remember a thing. Where am I? How did I get here?

Let’s go and see!

- the end -

05. THE LIBRARY OF GUTENBERG NGO Headquarters Design Proposal 2nd Semester studio at GSAPP Year: 2021 Advisor: Galia Solomonoff Location: Austin, Texas Program: Library + Data Center + NGO HQ Category: Academic Project, Individual Work

Various services provided by tech companies have changed our lives rapidly. However, criticism steadily raises as these companies accelerate social problems such as polarization and gentrification. This project seeks to find a new solution to this problem through cooperation between tech companies and NGOs. This project targets a region in Austin, Texas, where regional imbalances and gentrification are emerging as social issues. It proposes a new typology that combines the data center and the public library. To prevent triggering more gentrification, the low-income area that has not been targeted by recent developments was selected for the project. The problematic condition of a railroad penetrating the site is explored as a beneficial component for the project’s sustainability goals: The artificial terrain composed of curved surfaces allows people to move freely above the railroad, and the building-wind generated between the ground and the new plane can be used to cool the data center.

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

1940

1960

1980

: Interstate Highway 35

SITE

WORST SCHOOLS IN AUSTIN

TECH COMPANIES

Tech companies and the services they provide have a huge impact on our lives. However, everything has multiple sides. It has been criticized for bringing about many social problems such as polarization, populism and alienation. Gentrification caused by tech companies is one of them. Everyone knows the problems that are happening in Silicon Valley. Since tech companies need a relatively small number of highly educated people Compared to other conventional industries, the areas where they are concentrated became high-end, causing housing prices to soar. Existing residents could not afford it and they were driven out. This still continues and eventually even tech companies are leaving Silicon Valley. That’s why many companies are moving to Austin, Texas in recent years. And the same problem began to recur in Austin.

PROJECT GUTENBERG

CONCEPT COLLAGE

2000 : White

: Black

2010 : Hispanic / other

Austin’s 1928 Master Plan suggested the creation of the city’s “Negro District”- now known as District 1. The goal was to reduce the economic burden of building duplicate facilities for white and black citizens and reduce racial tensions. The construction of Interstate Highway 35 in 1962, built on top of the controversial 1928 master plan, reinforced the idea of segregation. The interstate became a symbol of division. This imbalance has continued until recently. Since investment in urban infrastructure was also mainly made in the western region, the eastern region had to have a relatively poor residential and educational environment, which led to an income imbalance and made it more difficult for them to leave this region. A survey released by the Texas Education Agency shows that most of Austin’s ten worst schools are located on the east side of the highway. In addition, the gap between east side and west side continues to widen as Tech Company moves mainly to the west and north sides of the city.Therefore, there is a need for facilities that can provide equal educational opportunities in this area.

Project Gutenberg was selected as the NGO to lead this project. The mission of the NGO is to provide equal educational opportunities through the distribution of E-book, and is supported by various tech companies. I propose a new type of educational facility that is run jointly by this NGO and tech companies contributing to the improvement of the educational environment in this area: The combination of data center and library is a new typology for educational facilities that can accommodate changes in the way the public accesses information. As Johannes Gutenberg provided access to education to the public through the invention of the printing press, I hope this facility can do a similar role for the community. In order to prevent this project from becoming a facilitator of another gentrification, a land abandoned due to problematic conditions was selected as the site for this facility.

LIBRARY

(WATER HARVESTING)

CAFE

The site has a very low value because the train passes through the middle of the land. For this reason, the block has not been developed for a long time. My project started with a very simple idea: How can people use it safely in these harsh conditions? By placing a large plane and making it accessible from the two streets the site facing, trains are allowed to pass under it, protecting people from possible dangers caused by trains.

AUDITORIUM

DATA CENTER

OFFICE

(PARKING) (BIIKE PARKING)

ELEMENTS

The datacenter and the parking lot are placed underneath the plane. The shade provided by the plane helps control the heat generated by the data center.

1F PLAN

The curved plane allow people to move freely over the railroad and provide a variety of greenery and shade for reading.

4F PLAN

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

The gap between the ground and the new plane accelerates the wind due to the venturi effect, which sucks the heated air out of the data center. A tree-like structure of mesh and metal pipes circulates this wind and cools Austin’s humid air to form and collect dew.

PASSIVE COOLING SYSTEM

06. BALCONIZE Apartment Facade Refurbishment 8th Semester studio

Year: 2012 Advisor: Sungik Cho Location: Apgujeong-dong, Seoul, Korea Program: Apartment Category: Academic Project, Individual Work

This semester focused on the façade; developing a unique façade and applying the idea to an existing building. Seoul’s cityscape is smudged with its apartments that were mostly built in the 1970s-1980s. It’s not just about city aesthetics, but the regimentation of residencies is also a chronic problem of Seoul where it is occupied with flats. I analyzed the amount of daylight and shades, drew the most practical angles of the balcony, and applied the result to design the balconies in various shapes. These balconies are connected to the interior spaces selectively. This project was to get a unique façade that was distinct from the uniformed apartments, and to enrich the quality of residency and its interior space.

SHADING ANALYSIS The daylight is a crucial matter in home-design for Koreans. In this regard, they prefer a house facing south because it receives more light in winter, which keeps the house warm, and avoids direct sunshine and heat in summer. Like most ordinary apartments, most of the apartments in this complex are facing towards the south. Nevertheless, because of its high-density placement, each block of buildings shades other buildings, so only a few residences can enjoy appropriate daylight.

CITYSCAPE OF SEOUL After 35 years of colonization and civil war, rapid development has unfolded upon the country. The cities and provinces have been filled with similar large apartments built by few big construction companies, and this continues in conjunction with financial reasons and population problems (After that, Seoul became ‘The city of matchboxes’).

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16:00

Change of Shading in-process-of-time

OVERLAPPING CONSEQUENCES

THE VERTICAL PATTERN

Shading in the morning Time:

Concerning façade, the major cause of the visual dullness is due to the vertical repetition of apartments. I think that balconies may be the key to breaking this cliché and making the monotonous space unique. Shading in the afternoon

Superimposition

TYPOLOGY : Classifying units according to daylighting condition

APGUJEONG HYUNDAI APARTMENT COMPLEX

CATEGORIZATION

A well-known apartment complex was selected for a façade refurbishment. Apgujeong Hyundai Apartment is one of the representative high-class residences built in 1976. The renovation has been postponed without any promise due to the lack of negotiation with the residents.

A simulation was used for the analysis of daylighting in each house, and it was categorized into types. The solar attitude of each duration was measured, and the result was applied to produce appropriate angles that bring sufficient amount of daylight into the room.

TYPOLOGY OF BALCONIES Based on the hourly research of the complex, and the corresponding sunlight angle per hour, an optimised form of balconies can be derived. Ultimately, these hourly typologies can adapted depending on every unit’s situation.

BREAK THE PATTERN Twenty-four types of balconies are vertically arranged to avoid shadows. These maximize the amount of daylight and also break the typical vertical patterns and make the apartment building unique. A combination study of the selected balcony typologies needed to be conducted to determine the most dynamic one.

CONNECTION TO THE INTERIOR SPACE Huge apartments were built during the late ’70s in order to accommodate large families. Now, the average number of family members has decreased, and the number of single person or two people households is increasing rapidly. Therefore, the utilization of huge interior spaces should be reconsidered for the new environment. The spaces are transformed into various personal outdoor areas by connecting with the balconies.

BALCONIZE

The typological selection per unit, combination pattern are added upon the existing apartment structure.

1:100 PHYSICAL MODEL

The ‘balconizing’ process creates a visually dynamic environment for its users, and the typological approach ensures a different result per block without losing efficiency. This process will break the pattern of the typical cityscape in Seoul.

SECTION DETAIL & DETAIL MODEL

07. NExTWORK Community Hub Proposal Posco Steel Desgin Festa 2013 : Honorable Mention Year: 2013 Jury: Kwang-Hyun Kim, Moon-sung Kwon Location: Nodle Island, Seoul, Korea Program: Community Hurb + Bridge Category: Idea Competition, Individual Work

In modern society, the meaning of community has been changing rapidly. Because of the Internet, SNS, and smartphones, many subdivided groups, regardless of physical locations, have been appearing and fading away. The community of the past was based on a physical district and also constrained by it. Then, what is the meaning of space in modern society and what does it need to embrace the new type of community?

COLLECTIVE COMMUNITY The community of the past used to be grouped by its physical boundaries such as its members native places, residential places, schools, and jobs. A space used to be the beginning of the community but also a limitation of expansion and flexibility. However, the Internet, SNS, and Smartphones have been significantly changing the meaning of the community. It is no longer constrained by physical limitations but segmentalized and also diversified. An individual does not belong to just one group. Anyone can make up a group, and it is also free to disjoin. Regions and spaces are not the prerequisites to establish a community any longer.

WHAT WILL BE THE NEXTWORK FOR THIS NETWORK A space that involves a specific act or a particular target can’t embrace the variable communities. The purpose of the space is not necessary in this case; space has to be wide open as a pure platform. The role of architects is to find the potential of the space and provide it to the users.

HAN RIVER & NODLE ISLAND The Han River does not belong to anyone. Of course, the government manages it; however, anyone can approach it and take whatever he or she wants as in the virtual space of the Internet. Nodle Island is an artificial island floating in the middle of Han River. It was made as a bridge about 100 years ago. The government tried to develop it, but all projects were canceled. Now, it is abandoned, surrounded by reeds and bushes. Nodle Island is the idlest island in the middle of the high-population city of Seoul. I thought the island could be the best example of a place not belonging anywhere.

1. PRESENT SITUATION

2. BRIDGING TWO SIDES

3. EXPANSION

4. CONNECTION

Despite there being a riverside park beside the upper and lower side of Nodle Island, the bridge for the automobile is the only path to the island, and it is difficult to approach the island. As a consequence, Nodle Island is now left empty.

Build a pedestrians’ bridge between the south and the north riverside parks. The ring, with a jogging track and an observatory, is 15 meters above the ground and attached to the bridge. Secure the boat path below the raised deck.

The reticulated structure coming out from the bridge forms an artificial surface floating on Han River. The surface is the site for this project. The artificial surface consists of a repetition of simple structures; it can be expanded or downscaled, as needed, thus enabling flexible responses.

Through “The Ring,” the users can approach Nodle Island for strolling and jogging through the grassland. It provides an accessible path to Nodle Island, and the island can be expected to develop for various purposes.

BOXS & SQUARES 4m x 4m x 4m boxes are arranged inside the 15m x 15m grids connected to the pedestrians’ bridge. These boxes can be floated on the water and moved to the desired location, either independently or in conjunction with other boxes. The surrounding four squares can respond to various events and interact with the box.

DOCKING & EXPANSION

4TYPES OF SQUARE

DOCKING AT THE SQUARES

EXPANSION

DETAILS The handrails arranged along the waffle-shaped grid also serve to fix the boxes. This combination enables the expansion and reduction of this grid as needed. Structures adapt to changing water level using buoyancy tanks. The columns, which also act as street lights, hold these structures from horizontal movement.

PARTIAL PLAN

1:50 DETAIL MODEL

WEEKEND FARM

CONNECTION TO NODLE ISLAND

FLOATING PROMENADE

ECO-FRIENDLY INTERVENTION IN NODLE ISLAND

BOXS & SQUARES

PLATFORM FOR NETWORK

WATER PURIFICATION USING CLAM FARMING

1:200 PHYSICAL MODEL

1:1000 PHYSICAL MODEL

08. ZENITAS BUILDING Cultural Complex Korean Architecture Awards 2016 : Awards of Excellence In charge of designing the façade and lower level

Project Year: 2014 - 2016 Supervisor: Jai Eun Lew Location: Itaewon, Seoul, Korea Program: Cultural Complex Category: Professional Work, Collaborative Work Desgin Team: Sanghyun Kim, Hyejin Lee, Junyong Park, Hwohwan Yu Role: Façade design, Lower Level Plan as a Junior Designer

Zenitas building is a cultural complex located in a multicultural district called Itaewon. The goal was to design a remarkable commercial building, but not to disturb the surrounding streets and neighboring buildings due to its relatively massive scale. To lighten the building’s enormous presence, and make it blend in with the site, the façade was divided by windows and frames of various sizes, and iridescent panel was chosen as the material for the façade.

ISSUE: CONTEXT & SCALE Maximizing the scale of the internal area is necessary to create profits from the commercial facility, and it always ends up with a simple gigantic volume. To soothe the overwhelming presence of the scale, and make it harmonized in the vibrant site of Itaewon, the façade was divided by windows and frames of various sizes, and iridescent panels were applied. At the same time, this fascinating façade fulfils its economic function as a commercial building.

ELEVATION DRAWING

STRATEGY: VARIOUS FRAME & IRIDESCENT FAÇADE

SPECIAL MATERIAL : IRIDESCENT PANEL

Depending on viewing angle, enchanting colour effects with highlights and interesting colour gradients add new visual dimensions.

OUTER WALL DETAILS To maximize the effect of iridescent facade, various types of outer walls with different angle were used together

THE FLEXIBLY RESPONDING INTERIOR SPACE The frame at the exterior of the building also functions as structure; It reduced the number of columns and beams, and also enabled the vertical expansion by building an opening at the slab as occasion demands. It was built in the heartland of diversity thus flexible interior spaces that respond to various programs was required.

SECTION A

SECTION B

7F PLAN

1F PLAN

5-6F PLAN

B1F PLAN 3-4F PLAN

B2F PLAN Hall

2F PLAN APS

Food Court

Commercial Office

THE USE OF THE ROOFTOP The design of the upper floor focuses on the connection between the client’s office on the top floor and the roof top. The floor level of the roof deck was raised above the roof garden so that the surrounding landscape and the roof garden create a continuous scene.

09. HIDDEN HILLS Fairway Villa In charge of designing TYPE C

Project Year: 2015 - (Under construction) Supervisor: Jai Eun Lew Location: Hoengseong-gun, Gangwond-do, Korea Progrma: Fairway Villa Category: Professional Work, Collaborative Work Desgin Team: Chulsoo Han, Jieun Hong, Junyong Park, Hyelim Lee Role: Whole Design of ‘TYPE C’ as a Senior Designer

The project aims to build fairway villas that protect the users’ privacy while providing spectacular views of nature. The 43 villas sorted by six types were placed in reference to the topology for minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment, and each model was designed to provide a natural atmosphere. I was in charge of designing the type-C and the construction in progress.

ISSUE : PRIVACY + BACONY + VIEW I was in charge of designing the TYPE-C, which was applied to six out of forty-three fairway villas. The client demanded three requirements: 1. The neighboring houses mustn’t interfere with each other’s privacy. 2. The design must have a beautiful view. 3. The balcony has to be spacious.

STRATEGY : STACK DIAGONALLY For the graceful view of nature, the scale of the front windows was enlarged. Skylights and vertical voids arranged throughout the elongated mass create a pleasant living environment. The upper and lower accommodation diagonally stacked to protect its privacy at the entrance and also to reserve a spacious terrace.

ENTRANCE A : Perspective View

Sample House & Construction Site

BALCONIES : Perspective View

2F PLAN

1F PLAN

SAMPLE HOUSE : TYPE-C

DETAIL 1

DETAIL 2

SECTION A

DETAIL 3

DETAIL 4

SECTION B

10. HOUSE 518 Housing Participated as a Project Architect Project Year: 2016 - 2018 Supervisor: Jai Eun Lew Location: Cheongra-dong, Incheon, Korea Program: Housing Category: Professional Work, Individual Work Desgin: Junyong Park Role: Project Designer

The client of “House 518” had just come back to Korea at the time after a long journey that began when he was born. For the client’s request for a home, the concept of the Korean traditional buffer zone called the 'Madang' was applied to separate private and public spaces through different pocket spaces, but the areas are still visually linked; thus, it doesn’t feel isolated.

ISSUE: THE CLIENT The client of “House 518” had just come back to Korea after a long absence. His had a deep affection for Korea; he had a flagpole for Taegeuki and a portrait of the famous independence activist Jung-Geun Ahn in his house. The client said that he wants to feel the spirit of Korea at every corner of the house. For the client's taste, I suggested applying a hint of traditional Korean design in the modern exterior.

STRATEGY: MARU & MADANG The traditional Korean house, called 'Hanok,' often emphasizes its outdoor area. The outdoor area is called the 'Madang,' which has a rooftop without walls and is divided into an individual space by the platform called 'Maru.' This structure splits spaces according to their use while maintaining the open view of the house, and sometimes, it becomes a link of the interior and exterior spaces in case of need.

3F PLAN

I adopted the concept of 'Hanok' and placed various outdoor spaces between indoor spaces. This outdoor space functions as a buffer zone between private and public area. Moreover, the different heights of the indoor spaces allow them to be visually connected.

2F PLAN

MADANG MARU

PLAN OF HANOK

1F PLAN

SECTION 1

SECTION 2

ROOF GARDEN SECTION DETAIL

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

The concept of the Korean traditional buffer zone called the 'Madang' was applied to separate private and public spaces through different pocket spaces, but the areas are still visually linked; thus, it doesn’t feel isolated.

11. HOUSE 621 Housing Participated as a Project Architect Project Year: 2016 - 2018 Supervisor: Jai Eun Lew Location: Cheongra-dong, Incheon, Korea Program: Housing Category: Professional Work, Individual Work Desgin: Junyong Park, Subin Ju Role: Senior Designer

House 621 is a villa built on a fan-shaped site facing the golf course. It was designed in a V-shape surrounding the courtyard in conformity with the topology. For the view, large windows are arranged on the façade of the courtyard side. On the road side façade, closed masses finished with limestone ensure privacy.

The southeast part of the building is opened widely to maximize it’s advantage of the view and the lightings. The building was designed in a V shape to adapt to the landscape. The entrance in the middle naturally divides the living room on the left and the bedrooms on the right. This kind of arrangement provides privacy and a clear moving path for the users. The west side of the building is along the road, and the size of the windows was minimized to ensure the privacy. The combination of limestone-finished masses add dynamics to the design.

RF PLAN

SECTION 1

2F PLAN

1F PLAN

SECTION 2