Energy&Ecology Magazine by Energy and ecology

17 November 20 issue 8

Claudio Palmieri CEO, CLS Energy Consultants DMCC

contents ENERGY 8 | Energy Financing Group 10 | RPC Radiy – The road to success 13 | Hus Ltd. – Steel manufacturing and trade 14 | New business sector emerging from energy efficiency technology 16 | ABB Partners for a clean future 18 | Elcab Cable targets making a branding value 21 | GIPS JSC - the major supplier of raw materials for the cement industry

OIL&GAS 36 | ADNOC signs exclusive agreement with Penthol for group III base oil sales into the USA 37| Schlumberger launches new fluid mapping while drilling service 38 | The 10 larges oil companies in the world 40 | Flue gas analysis – brilliantly easy: testo 350 – the first flue gas analyzer that thinks ahead 44 | Pakistan's road to energy sustainability

ECOLOGY 24 | Latest trends in water technology 28 | Featured theme: The intelligent, in-line pump for increased system performance 30 | Xylem updates its 2020 ﬁnancial guidance and projects an organic revenue growth by 2020 32 | Strengthening regional cooperation towards environmental and health safety 34 | KSB Launches new 4-inch submersible borehole pumps made of stainless steel

4 Kalina Traykova Manager, Bulgaria Energy Institute Jsc, Bulgaria http://www.eninbg.com/ Hedayat Omidvar National Iranian Gas Company phone: + 359 9 8882 9391 e-mail: ofﬁce@energyandecology.com Claudio Palmieri CEO CLS Energy Consultants DMCC 2

www.energyandecology.com

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Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

Claudio Palmieri CEO CLS Energy Consultants DMCC 4

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

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Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

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Energy

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Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

- Import, export and trade of electricity

Is it possible for Bulgaria to be regional electrical center of the Balkans? Unfortunately no. We are very much behind the other countries in the region. Our colleagues in Serbia and Macedоnia wonder how this is because we had the best infrastructure, powers and vision for development of the energy. But a lot of things changed. The state companies want to sell at highest possible price, their directors are pressured on many sides. They have no management contract for four or five years ahead which would give them security to outline some program for the development of the company and to realize it. These things ruin the state companies and this is best shown when we review their latest financial results. Here, we have on government coal plant – TPP “Maritsa-East 2” that was mainly refurbished and modernizes. But the tendency in Europe is to close such powers. The UK recently had historical record – for the first time in 110 they manufactured six hours of electricity without using coal. In Germany the coals are funded because too many people are working in this industry. Each of these countries has its strategy and it follows them. And what do we do – partial measures and we continue to go into circles. About company Energy Financing Group AD was established in 2004 and it operates on the free electricity market in Bulgaria since its inception in 2005 through its 49% share in the first trading company involved in the market of electric energy. After the experience accumulated, on December 18, 2006, EFG AD received its own license № Л-219-15 for the trade in electricity in the territory of Bulgaria for a period of 20 years, as well as its EIC code 32XEFG-AD - N, which allowed it to conduct import and export of electricity. Thanks to the experience of the staff and the excellent reputation of the owners of our company in the energy sector in Bulgaria and Europe EFG AD achieved excellent results at the start of its participation in the free market of electric energy both in Bulgaria and on the Balkan Peninsula. Energy Financing Group AD is certified by Bureau Veritas in accordance with the requirements of management system standards ISO 9001:2008. This gives a real opportunity to Energy Financing Group AD to consolidate its position on the electricity market as a reliable and preferred partner. For the last four years of work we have been exporting electricity to

Greece, Serbia, Macedonia and Romania. Our company has worked and continues to work with the largest power plants in Bulgaria – Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant, Maritza East 2 TPP and Varna TPP. Our clients include Lukoil Neftochim, CEZ Trade, Ideal Standard, Agropolychim, KAI Group and some other commercial companies. Our company has also built long-term relationships with the National Electricity Company EAD (NEK EAD), both on the domestic and the external market of electric energy. After receiving the license for electricity trading at the end of 2006, EFG AD started its activities and from April 1, 2007 commenced its actual trading of electricity. As seen from the chart below, thanks to the experience gained on the open market for electricity in the Republic of Bulgaria, the company is rapidly gaining its portfolio of clients. Services 1. Following the submission of a notarized power of attorney – registration of customers or full assistance in the preparation of documents for registration of the customer on the free market; 2. Working out of detailed analyses of the company’s customers energy consumption; 3. Consultancy by our leading experts on issues related to the work and the electricity market development in the Republic of Bulgaria, the region and the European Union; 4. Analysis and experts evaluation of the benefits of a possible participation on the free electricity market; 5. Legal and technical consultancy on the legal requirements and changes to the internal energy market; 6. Short-term and long-term forecasting and balancing of electric energy consumption; 7. Consultancy and full cooperation in the carrying out of the procedure for connection to electricity transmission and distribution networks ENERGY FINANCING GROUP Sofia, Bulgaria, 10, Vihren Str. Tel.: + 359 2 892 88 08, Fax: + 359 2 892 88 13 E-mail: office@efg.bg web: www.efg.bg energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Import of machines and equipment for water puriﬁcation plants used for treatment of waste and potable waters

Rough Screening Rotating comb grid – type RP Vertical bar screen chain – type CP Filter with counterﬂow cleaning – type FPC Screw ﬁlter – type FC

Fine Screening Static filter – type KS /C/S/DS Brush filter – type RS Channel brush filter – type RSC Chain type brush filter – type CS Rotating drum filter – type R

Screening compacting Oleodynamic compactor – type CO Screw compactor – type CCI Sand trap “Pista” – type DP Sand classiﬁer – type D Dynamic ﬂotation – type FD

Biological treatment and aeration Biological rotaryperculator – type RE / REVA Air diffusers – type A/TH/R/AX

Tertiary treatment Microscreen drum ﬁlter – type MFT Ultraﬁlatration – type MC/MA

Completation equipments Manual and motorized penstocks – type PM Belt conveyor – type NT Screw conveyor – type TC

COSME srl – Italy

Xelex Ltd. 1421, Soﬁa, Bulgaria Orphey 19 str., ﬂoor 3

Tel.: +359 2 866 60 60 Fax: +359 2 963 42 51 Mob.: + 359 888 26 96 62 E-mail: xelex@techno-link.com

Energy

: The Road to Success developed RadICS Platform, which includes Analog Input for Neutron Flux Measurement Module (AIFM). The digital I&C Platform RadICS consists of a set of general-purpose modules that can be configured and used to implement application-specific functions. The RadICS Platform, including AIFM, is certified as Safety Integrity Level (SIL) 3 and complies with IEC 61508:2010 “Functional Safety of Electrical /Electronic /Programmable Electronic Safety Related Systems”. Using RadICS Platform gives the following advantages in the process of I&C modernization: · RadICS Platform complies with the best engineering practices, used by leading suppliers of safety I&C platforms for NPPs (many companies, such as Areva, Invensys, and others have SIL3 certificate anduse a multi-channel configuration in their platforms).

Opening of Memorial to Taras Shevchenko in Soﬁa, Bulgaria. June 30, 2016 In the center: President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko On the left: Chairman of the Council of PC RPC Radiy Ievgenii Bakhmach

Public Company Research and Production Corporation Radiy is a leading Ukrainian designer and supplier of advanced digital instrumentation and control (I&C) systems for operational safety of nuclear (NPP) and thermal (TPP) power plants. Radiy is a full production cycle company that includes equipment design, development, manufac ture, qualification and installation.

NPP. Since its installation at Kozloduy NPP RPC Radiy's equipment has demonstrated high reliability level performance and received a positive evaluation of the NPP personnel. Digital I&C Platform RadICS

RPC Radiy has a long positive history of cooperation with NPPs by installing I&C systems as turn-key projects.

· RadICS platform is designed using the design-process infrastructure to support all life cycle processes, including the procedu res and development tools, verification and validation, configuration management and changes, recruitment and personnel training, project management and electronic workflow, requirements tracing, equipment qualification, as well as customer support.

Since 2007 PC “RPC Radiy” has successfully completed installation of the following I&C systems at Kozloduy NPP: · Engineered Safety Features Actuation System (ESFAS), · Reactor Trip Breakers,

- Diagnostic coverage ≥ 99%.

· RadICS Platform can significantly reduce the number of electrical communication lines within the system and consequently, the amount of copper wire required for I&C modernization at NPP. Minimizing the number of electrical communication lines is achieved through the extensive use of fiber-optic communications.

Radiy's I&C systems have been parts of the safety related systems in all operating NPP sites in Ukraine and Kozloduy NPP in Bulgaria.

All delivered systems meet the most stringent requirements of international and national standards in the field of I&C for

- Average frequency of dangerous failures of continuous safety function – < 10-7; · RadICS Platform enables to implement inter-channel or inter-system redundancy using voting “2 out of 4”, “2 out of 3” or “1 out of 2” within I&C system in order to increase reliability and fault tolerance.

With a roster of over 900 professionals including more than 200 highly qualified design engineers, Radiy is dedicated to scientific research to support development of new technologies.

· Switchgear and Electrical Distribution Systems for ESFAS.

RadICS Platform complies with the highest requirements of functional safety, providing the following values of reliability and safety parameters:

To implement current requirements to instrumentation and control systems, including control and instrumentation of neutron flux, Radiy has

The same infrastructure is used for the development of RadICS Platform-based I&C.

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Energy

: The Road to Success Certification of the RadICS Platform under requirements of IEC 61508:2010 The IEC 61508 standard provides methods for systems certification on the basis of four predefined Safety Integrity Levels, where SIL4 is the most demanding level. The SIL certification process requires that products developed under a Functional Safety Management Plan (FSMP) should be audited in stages by the independent certification agency . The FSMP meets all the requirements of IEC 61508 and guarantees that they are applied throughout the product life cycle. The SIL certification process outlined in IEC 61508 requires the preparation of a set of documents specific to each phase of the product life cycle. These documents are be subject of an independent auditing and assessment process performed by a Certification Body. Typical SIL certification process covers the following areas: Product reliability; Process execution; Human factor; Functional safety assessment. Safety Life Cycle of the RadICS Platform implements specific stages of FPGA design development and verification. Specific technique of fault insertion testing has been performed for both hardware and software parts. One of the most critical features required for successful SIL3 certification is Requirements Tracing process. The main idea behind it is to achieve complete traceability at all project stages in order to implement all initial requirements and restrict functions to the required ones only. Below are some results of quantitative assessment received in the process of of RadICS Platform SIL3 certification: compliance with 737 requirements of IEC 61508 (items of Safety Case); development of 200 docs of the Documentation Plan ; certification time period: one year (20102011) for preparation and 3 years (20112014) for performance; effort taken: more than 50 man-year. On completion of the independent Functional Safety Assessment, the certification agency issues the following documents: Functional Safety Assessment Plan, Functional Safety Assessment Report and the certificate of product's compliance. 11

The assessments performed by exida, as well as final independent Functional Safety Assessment, confirmed that Radiy's processes comply with SIL3 requirements and the RadICS Platform meets SIL3 requirements. Certification of the RadICS Platform under U.S. NRC requirements RPC Radiy has always looked for new opportunities for its products and business development. One of the most ambitious business goals is to bring all benefits of RadICS digital I&C platform as a safe and reliable product to the U.S. nuclear market. The key point of the U.S. licensing strategy is to demonstrate that the generic RadICS Platform and the associated quality and software life cycle processes comply with U.S. nuclear safety requirements. In 2015, Radiy started working with Global Quality Assurance that was supposed to to assist RadICS LLC to fully align its QMS with 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix B, ASME NQA-1-2008, NQA-1a-2009 and 10 CFR 21. These activities include the following steps: QA Program documents development; Quality procedures development to cover 18 criteria from Appendix B; Learning QA documentation and process of their implementation by arranging training sessions for RadICS personnel; Arranging training to obtain qualified Lead Auditor and Inspector. , etc. On February 23-26, 2016, Global Quality Assurance successfully performed a Commercial Grade Dedication internal audit at PC RPC Radiy in Kropivnitskiy (former Kirovograd), Ukraine. The scope of the audit was to verify and confirm that PC RPC Radiy's Quality Management System incorporates all the control required for identified characteristics to meet all manufacturing requirements commensurate with a Commercial Grade Dedication plan in compliance with 10CFR50 Appendix B program. On July 14, 2015, PC RPC Radiy representatives met with the U.S. NRC in Rockville, the United States, as part of the certification process of the RadICS FPGAbased platform. The purpose of meeting was to present technical information about RadICS Platform, to plan i RadICS Topical Report submittal, and to receive U.S. NRC's feedback on the RadICS platform

features and the overall licensing schedule expectations.. The detailed discussions included the following areas: ·Features of the RadICS digital I&C platform and its development processes; ·RadICS quality management system and licensing program; ·Commercial grade dedication and qualification plans. In September 2016 RPC Radiy submitted Topical Report to the U.S. NRC and in December 2016 the Report was accepted by U.S. NRC for the detailed analysis. PC RPC Radiy's experience in implementation of I&C systems on the basis of RadICS platform Case Study – Embalse refurbishment project In 2014 RPC Radiy successfully completed two modernization projects for Embalse NPP, Argentina, in cooperation with CanadiancompanyCANDU Energy. The first project involved the development of Window Alarm Annunciator (WAA) systems for Main Control Room (MCR) and the Secondary Control Area (SCA) at Embalse NPP. WAAs were designed to use in the Main Control Room (MCR) and Secondary Control Area (SCA) to generate alarms associated with the plant's Shutdown System One (SDS1), Shutdown System Two (SDS2) and Emergency Core Cooling (ECC) system. Three main components were developed as part of the WAA system, two associated with the MCR. They were housed in the same Logic Card Assembly use two separate Alarm Logic Controllers (ALC) in the same chassis.heThe third one is associated with the SCA. The MCR parts of the equipment are galvanically isolated from each other. Three main components mentioned above control alarm annunciation process by sending alarm signals to the annunciation panel. As a hardware platform for WAAs equipment, Radiy used modules and chassis of the standard RadICS FPGAbased Safety Platform. The manufactured equipment was tested according to specific IEEE and IEC standards requirements, and demonstrated stability in different operational conditions.

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: The Road to Success The second modernization project for the Embalse NPP involved developing the Signal Processing Unit (SPU) of the pump motor speed measuring device (see figure below) that was designed to replace the obsolete unit in the trip signal of “pump low speed” trip in Shutdown System No. 2 (SDS2). The SPU may be viewed as having two main components as follows: A signal acquisition and analog output components, controlled by logic configured in an FPGA chip with self-diagnostics capabilities;

additional three years. In the scope of the project, Radiy's specialists delivered a training course on the RadICS I&C platform and its operational capabilities to the EdF researchers in Chatou, France. This project enabled EdF engineers to get familiarized with design of FPGA-based I&C applications for both NPP modernization and new build projects. I&C for IEA-R1 Research Reactor Control Console and Nuclear Channels

Factory Acceptance Test was successfully performed in May 2016 with the participation of customer's representatives. The commissioning of the delivered equipment is planned for the 2017. Conclusion RPC Radiy is one of the worldwide leaders of FPGA-based safety-related turnkey applications and other modernization projects for NPPs, both in terms of the number of installations and variety of systems . RPC Radiy has positive history, extensive knowledge and experienced

A separate power supply and monitoring system implemented via a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) to constantly monitor the FPGA. The monitoring and diagnostics drives the SPU to a safe state in case of detection of critical failures. The SPU designed and manufactured by Radiy was qualified to IEC 61513 Class 1 and it proves to support Category A safety functions. After Radiy conducted all required qualification testing internally, Factory Acceptance Tests (FATs) of MCR and SCA Window Alarm equipment were carried out and witnessed by Candu Energy on March 11-21, 2014. The results of the FAT and qualifications tests showed that the equipment is in full compliance with client's specification and applicable standards. The application of FPGA-based RadICS platform in close cooperation with Candu Energy Inc., Radiy's sufficient experience and strongly developed good practices were the essential constituents for the successful completion of the projects. Case Study – Project with Électricité de France In October 2014 RPC Radiy signed a contract with Électricité de France (EdF) to provide FPGA-based I&C Testbed based on RadICS Platform. The testbed is supposed to serve research purposes for possible future implementation in NPPs operated by EdF. The six-month development project was followed by the delivery of the testbed and its documentation, engineering tools to design safety applications in general and an EdF-specified control application. The service also includes a training course on start-up and operation of the testbed, it includes a three-year research with an optional extension of the contract for 12

Safety System Control Console for the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor operated by Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN) – San Paulo, Brazil Factory Acceptance Testing – May 2016

Modernization: Case analysis IEA-R1 Open-pool Reactor built by Babcock-Wilcox and commissioned in 1957, 2-5 MW power, is currently operating on 3,5 MW power. The project of I&C systems modernization of the IEA-R1 Research Reactor in IPEN Institute (San Paolo, Brazil)started in 2015 and was successfully completed in 2016. The scope included turnkey modernization of Control Console, I&C for Nuclear Measurements, Reactor trip, ESFAS systems, and HMI Panels. Equipment list includes two Signal Processing Cabinets, Computer Cabinet and Operator Consol. The I&C system in this project was implemented implemented on the basis of RadICS Platform. The qualification of the system included seismic and environmental testing.The

personnel to design I&C systems for new NPPs and existing NPP modernization projects. Since 2003 RPC Radiy has designed, produced and commissioned over 100 FPGA-based turnkey applications at NPPs. PC RPC Radiy has SIL 3 certified FPGA-based safety Platform RadICS that can be used to implement different types of I&C systems for NPP. Currently RadICS platform is being certified under U.S. NRC requirements. Contact us: 29, Geroyiv Stalingrada Street, 25009 Kirovograd, Ukraine Reception: +38 (0522) 37-30-20 International Projects Coordination: +38 (0522) 37-33-28 Technical support: +38 (0522) 37-32-44 Fax: +38 (0522) 37-33-28 http://radiy.com

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Issue 8 November 2017

ENERGY MINING

Hus Ltd. - Steel manufactoring and trade have evidenced a long list of successful business partnerships. We value our customers’ needs and trust which we consider as our reward and a milestone to our continuous growth. We aim at affirming the name of HUS as being the most reliable steel supplier in Bulgaria and continuously increase its presence on the international markets. Assets History HUS is a family company established in 1990 and headquartered in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. It is specialized in manufacturing and trading of steel products. HUS proved to be a reliable partner and gained a superior reputation on the Bulgarian and East European markets. Over the years the company has constantly invested in hi-end machinery, modern production facilities, warehouses and in the development and qualification of its employees. The wide range of steel products and the high volumes of stock enable the company to meet the market demand for steel goods in various fields – construction, engineering, steel processing, and others. Values The business strategy of HUS is building and keeping sustainable long-term relationship with its partners. For more than two decades of development, competence and experience in the steel industry we

- 14 warehouses, commercial, industrial and office facilities spreading on a total area of more than 1 700 000 m2. - Over 100 000 metric tons of constantly available steel products on stock. - More than 1000 highly qualified employees firmly committed to the company’s values and goals. - More than 50 heavy-lift trucks ensuring a prompt delivery. - Financial capacity and liquidity which enables the company to meet all of its obligations to suppliers and partners on time, and invest in further business development. - Technical equipment for production of various steel products and performing steel processing services. Our Team The most valuable asset of HUS is its human capital. For more than 25 years HUS has been focusing on recruiting energetic and highly qualified specialists, and

investing in their further education and training. Our managers, engineers, sales people and production employees are fully committed to the company’s values. HUS is a modern company constantly deploying new technologies, latest management practices and sustainable development principles. The high quality provided by our company is emphasized by implementing the Quality Management System in accordance with ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004, BS OHSAS 18001:2007. Products HUS produces cold-formed welded tubes and hollow sections, low carbon hotdip galvanized and black wire, cold bent profiles, welded wire mesh, corrugated sheets and profiles for dry-wall construction and window’s reinforcements. The company also provides services such as cut to length from coils, cut to strips from coils, cut and bend of reinforcement steel. HUS is involved in domestic trade, import and export of hot-rolled and cold-rolled coils and sheets, hot-dip galvanized coils and sheets, PPGI, beams, merchant bars, concrete reinforcing steel, thermal insulation panels, seamless tubes and more. We guarantee our present and future partners high quality products, positive attitude, professional services and on-time fulfillment of all undertaken commitments. You can rely on us!

www.husltd.com/en/

Hus Ltd. 64 A Plovdiv - Sever Str., 4027 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, 13

T: +359 32 233 038 F: +359 32 233 023 office@husltd.com energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

New business sector emerging from energy eﬃciency technologies Montenegro has been intensifying efforts to promote and help fund energy efficiency activities through the Directorate for Energy Efficiency, which stimulates consumers of energy: households, the public sector, firms and municipalities. Dragica Sekulic, who heads the body established by the Ministry of Economy. The directorate is funded from the state budget. „Some of the funds are used for financing implementation of incentive projects, promotional and other activities. The majority of projects are funded from loans and grants,“ she told Balkan Green Energy News. Sekulić has been appointed to the position of directorgeneral in January 2014. She joined the Ministry of Economy of Montenegro in 2005 as an advisor. Before 2010, when she became deputy minister of economy responsible for energy efficiency, she worked on strategies and studies on energy development, sustainability and renewable sources. She was also the coordinator of projects with German KfW Development Bank in the sector. Three years ago Dragica Sekulić became the chief of the negotiating team for chapter 13 in the process of accession to the European Union. What new programmes can we expect? Do the companies register perpetual income from energy efficiency measures, adding enough value to increase competitiveness? During the implementation of several projects in the field of energy efficiency including reconstruction of public buildings and incentives for citizens, the Ministry of Economy cooperates with a large number of Montenegrin companies from various sectors. 14

Under our incentive projects, eligible firms have the opportunity to offer modern technologies to our citizens. In that way, a new market segment is being created in Montenegro. In addition, companies and their employees are acquiring new skills and knowledge. Companies are also improving their business portfolio. Therefore, all participants have benefits in several aspects. Having in mind achieved results and great interest, the plan of the Ministry of Economy is to establish a sustainable system for financing and to initiate a project aimed at providing different types of subsidies to citizens and small and medium-sized enterprises for the refurbishment of their facilities. In this regard, the ministry has already received technical assistance from the European Union through the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA) support under which the application of different options will be investigated and an appropriate sustainable financial mechanism for energy efficiency and larger use of renewable energy will be introduced. Did the results in the public sector improve awareness in municipal authorities? How do smaller and poorer communities manage the preparation of projects? According to the Law on Efficient Use of Energy and relevant bylaws, obligations of municipalities primarily relate to preparation of planning documents in the field of energy efficiency, establishment of an energy management system as well as the energy efficiency information system for buildings under their competence.

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Energy This should serve as a basis for implementation of specific activities in facilities under the competence of local authorities and for incentives for other final energy users at the municipal territory. The Ministry of Economy is aware that some Montenegrin municipalities, especially in the north, at the moment do not have the financial capacity and human resources to meet all obligations stipulated in the aforementioned law. Therefore, it has provided certain funds in the 2016 budget in order to support 13 municipalities in northern and central regions of Montenegro to create a basis for future energy efficiency planning. Similar support was provided for the majority of municipalities in the coastal region through IPA project ‘Improvement of Energy Efficiency through an Inter-Municipal Management Network’. In our opinion, efforts on determining conditions of buildings which are under the competence of municipalities in Montenegro and capacity building of municipal officials in terms of energy management will considerably facilitate further the process of planning and implementation of energy efficiency measures. What will the completion of the underwater power cable between Italy and Montenegro mean for the domestic electricity market? Do you think the interconnection will boost development of new power projects? It is the project of the highest priority. It puts Montenegro in the middle of energy flows in this geographical area becoming a strategic energy hub. The project will fully change its energy position and all the neighbouring countries will feel this change as well, especially because this project will provide them the connection with Western Europe. It gives us a huge range of other possibilities of investing in further improvements of the system. The most important one is the Trans-Balkan corridor between Montenegro and Serbia, which will connect the undersea cable from Italy further with Serbia and other traditional exporters of energy. Good connectivity is necessary for future investments in the energy sector, as well as for free flow of energy through Montenegro, which would benefit our country both financially and strategically. One of the positive impacts will be the construction of production facilities in Montenegro. Our country has showed a strong commitment to implement this project. In this regard, a financing agreement for EUR 25 million for the Trans-Balkan Electricity Corridor’s Montenegrin section has been signed on July 6. It is financed by the European Union and implemented by the German KfW Development Bank. Furthermore, the project has regional and European importance because it entails boosting Montenegrin infrastructure surrounding the undersea energy cable that will stretch to Italy and the construction of power lines between Montenegro and Serbia. This is the first operationalized project that has been approved in Vienna in 2015, initiated through the Berlin Process and based on the idea of integrating Western Balkan countries. To what extent are standards and regulations strict in public procurement? What are the experiences from public–private partnerships (PPP) in procedure and implementation?

Regarding public procurement, a rulebook on methodology for determining the level of energy efficiency in procedure of public procurement of goods and services was prepared and adopted in early 2016 together with the manual. The rulebook defines which subcriteria can be used for the determination of energy efficiency level for different groups of goods and the possibility for scoring related to the most advantageous offer. Regarding further development of public–private partnership in the field of energy efficiency, the relevant strategic document has recognized that it is necessary for the energy market to be more liberalized, particularly in terms of provision of energy services (ESCO concept). For the energy efficiency measures in the public sector – particularly lighting, water supply and buildings, the establishment of the ESCO model of financing is very important, especially bearing in mind the current financial difficulties in municipalities. Last year the ministry completed activities on the development of adequate legal framework for the application of the ESCO concept and models of energy performance contracts. In 2015, the ministry, with support of partners from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, has started the process of identification of a pilot project which will be implemented by using the ESCO financing model. Completion of this activity depends on several factors and the most important one is adoption of a law on PPP. What are the main responsibilities of the Directorate for Energy Efficiency? How did it improve its capacities from international support since its establishment? The ministry, through the directorate, is competent for creating and implementing energy efficiency policy. The Directorate for Energy Efficiency was established in November 2009. Currently, it employs five staff members including the director-general, plus four temporary consultants. The main objectives and mission arise from the competences of the Ministry of Economy related to energy efficiency and according to the best EU practice. The main objectives include: Identification, analysis and proposition of technically possible and cost-effective policies and measures for energy efficiency improvement related to the energy consumption side. Encouraging and promoting activities directed to savings and other energy efficiency activities, as well as reducing negative environmental impacts caused by energy conversions in energy consumption processes. Promotion of renewable energy use and utilization of other nontraditional sources with low environmental impact. Having in mind the fact that the Directorate for Energy Efficiency, beside infrastructure projects, has implemented several technical assistance projects, which were supported by the EU and many international organizations (GIZ, UNDP, EBRD, KfW etc.), its staff acquired additional knowledge and expertise in many aspects. Furthermore, employees in the directorate are, as representatives of the ministry, participating in training programmes held on regional and European levels.

The Law on Efficient Use of Energy introduced criteria in public procurement procedures and larger involvement of private sector by providing energy services. Support is provided through the Regional Energy Efficiency Program in Western Balkans (REEP), financed by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. 15

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Energy

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Energy

Mytrah Energy eyes 1000MW additional capacity

Elcab Cable Targets Making a Branding Value â&#x20AC;? Companies that are in the awareness of corporate identity understanding and prejudice are organizations that are demanded in the market, have a competitive advantage and always have a strategy of growth. As Elcab Cable, we have the knowledge and experience and customer-focused production concept which adds value and advantage to our corporate identityâ&#x20AC;?, said Nejdet Tiskaoglu, the General Manager of Elcab Cable, in his explanations about the sector. What is the main activity area of Elcab Cable? As General Manager of Elcab Cable I have 25 years experience in Electrical & Electronics sector. I started working life in a company that introduced me with silicone and silicone cables. I worked at every stage of this firm, I learned about silicon-based products in every field of knowledge and experience.

the ovens. We also realize the production of energy cables which we have defined as plugged cable in the sector. Why Silicon Cables? Silicone cable is a sector, the area of which has more specific and more niche players, and at which supply and demand are less.On the other hand, we can say that supply and demand are more than PVC cables. The fact that there are a large number of players at the supply point leads to more price-driven movements. We do not want to be in a price-driven competitive environment, so we do not consider this area of activity. Which element is the first in your product group? As Elcab Cable, we can evaluate our products in two groups, which are ambitious about quality and competitive in price, that make us one step ahead. We attach great importance to specialization in silicone cable and white goods sector, and for this reason we are extremely assertive in the production of very special silicone cables.

Elcab cable is a company that manufactures silicone cables in the sector and offers its customers a solution for this area.As a member of White Goods Subsidiary Industry Association (BEYSAD), we target white goods, electric household appliances producers and electric markets.

This is our most obvious identity. Many can think,Elcab Cable can only be a cable company.

Our main policy is to meet the demands and needs of our customers at the highest level, to make environmentally and collectively sensitive production, and to offer our customers the best quality service with the best prices at all products we produce.

However, our company does not have only a cable ID. We produce cablegrouping with our other ID and supply these products to the white goods subsidiary. With our philosophy of quality, assertive and competitive solution strategies, we have always aimed to be the best and create a brand value.

At the beginning of our products we produce, are fireproof silicone cords and oven door gaskets which provide sealing in 18

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Issue 8 November 2017

Energy What kind of Production Structure You Have? Evaluate Infrastructure, Technology and Technical Staff. Our basic policy is to meet the demands and needs of our customers at the highest level, to follow and implement technological developments, to manufacture environmentally and collectively friendly products, and to provide our customers with the best price and the best quality service in the fastest way. I can say that we have a good value when we evaluate the machinery and qualified staff used in this area in the world. We are aware of the fact that machinery is not the only factor for quality and efficient production and the existence of qualified human power is important. In this respect our team consists of knowledgeable and experienced people. What is the point that silicon cable achieved in 25 years experiencethat you mentioned about? How did Elcab cable develop in this process? Silicone cable is resistant to heat, has a delicate structure, very narrow usage area, and was used only in the ovens with the socalled electric stove. Suitability for use has been a major factor in the development of this cable group market and its heat resistance has come to the forefront with features such as health and reliability in the food sector and thus the market share of players and raw material suppliers in this area has grown. Silicon cables and cable grouping companies like us have only met demands in Turkey. However, with the investments made, it was seen that the demands that were received were inadequate and it was thought that it was a necessity to open abroad. I will not show modesty in that we have played a very important role as Elcab Cable in increasing the export of silicone cable to the Turkish economy. As Elcab Cable we export to 43 countries and we are one of the top 10 exporters of electrical equipmentsin the field of İMMİB for over 2 years.In addition to this, I can say with pleasure that we export to the countries that have a say in the industry in particular.e the best and create a brand value. Why should Elcab be preferred? We are a company engaged in quality production that responds quickly to requests with young and dynamic production. In order to be able to reveal profitable, high quality, beautiful and successful works, mypersonal idea is that sector should be executed under the leadership of powerful firms that have developed themselves in fields such as industry, firm structure, background, machinery.I would especially like to underline that this is not an approach in the monopoly mentality and is a necessity for the development and healthy management of the sector. What is the aim of Elcab? Elcab Cable aims to continue with its high quality production, timely delivery and superior after sales service understanding, which has been produced since the first day it was founded as a company that is producing with social responsibility understanding and aiming to be a global brand in this area. What is Elcab’s and Sector’s Concern? Unfair competition comes at the forefront of the problems that disturb all sectors, not just the sectors we are in. It is very uncomfortable for us to be compared with the same product type because we are in the same sector and we are not in the same lane and position. We came to today with our competitors taking them as examples, respecting them, applauding their achievements, and focusing only on our goals without criticizing them.But today I would like to say that we are uncomfortable with companies that we call “under the ladders”, which are unfair and industrialists, and which create unfair competition by trying to take customers out of your 19

hand. For this reason, we are not on the same platform with such companies and we can not. This temporary situation would harm the country’s economy, the sector and the suppliers, or the producers have to look at this area from a broad perspective. Partnering is not easy. An industrialist and supplier need to understand each other very well and be able to catch their frequencies so that they can partner with each other. For this reason, featureless partners can not be partners. There should be a value of partnership, experience and association. What is the impact of associations and related institutions in overcoming the difficulties in the sector? Since the impact of associations is limited and results-oriented approach is needed in terms of obtaining concrete data, words said can not go beyond promise and hope. Our government has authorized and delegated Eximbank to grant credit and financial support to the exporting firm, but factors such as bureaucracy and paper churn cause us to lose time and energy. For what purpose do you use your R&D center? We are involved with various product groups that we produce in research and development, production development studies that are led by AYSAD. Our product group, which is mainly on the foreground, is the silicon cable group.We inform our customers by making the work of our technical team a presentation so that our customers can benefit from these products in terms of cost and benefits. Our technical team continues to work to ensure that the final product is produced efficiently and at a low cost while calculating the cross section, terminal and size of the cable to be used at the product building stage. We are also assertive in the production of oven door gaskets. In the production of this product group, we are continuing our activities in order to keep the A-class energy efficient and longlasting product. Do you have a social responsibility project? We are in contact with the vocational high school as a young business operator from a vocational high school. We contribute to the training of our students by our team of experts. In the future, we emphasize this kind of work in order to make the subconstruction more powerful. Turkey has a qualified staff problem. Unfortunately, most of the people who have the title of engineer in our country are graduating without even a screwdriver. There are retired doyens with deep knowledge and experience in every sector. The assignment of these people as technical and theoretical instructors in the schools will be very efficient and beneficial for our sector.When we put all these together in the right way, the development of the sectors is ensured by the synergy that will be formed and great marks are given to the economy of the country. When you evaluate the production of Elcab Cable, is it predominantly domestic or international? As ELCAB CABLE, we are continuing our sales activities both in the internal market and in the external market with 2 separate professional teams. We meet the needs and demands of our basic export markets with a policy based on customer satisfaction such as reasonable price, quality and on-time delivery and we are engaged in fair participation, permanent customer visits and research and development activities to increase our sales network in these markets.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

“Interpiborserviz” OOD - leading company in industry and energy sector Neutron analysers of the solution NAS-12 and NAS-B for constant control of the concentration of boronic acid in the process solutions and the heat carrier; Secondary displaying self-recording devices, process monitors, regulators; Gas analysers, systems for chemical control of parameters of water, steam, oil and others.; Cathodic protection of metallic facilities; Fire alarm and signalling systems;

“INTERPRIBORSERVIZ” OOD (limited liability company) is an establishment, specialized in the design, construction, service, supply and trade with systems for industrial and building management, radiation control, automation, safety, security, fire safety, telecommunications and information traffic in the field of energy, security and defence, industry, transport and ecology. Membership Member of the Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry since its establishment, and updated membership by decision № 4028388000 / 06.06.2001. Member of the Bulgarian Atomic Forum “BULATOM” since 11.09.2002.

Systems for continuous radiation monitoring α, β and γ activity, environmental monitoring, human body and limb radiation monitoring monitors, portable apparatuses, instruments and dosimeters for radiation monitoring of the human body and radiation control of α, β, γ activity or neutron radiation; Sampling devices for checking the radioactivity of aerosols, noble gases, etc. Security and access control systems and other specific systems; The personnel of the Company performs calibration and premetrological verification of the technical means in the cases, when this is required. Installation activities: Installation, wiring and fitting of electrical switchboards, electrical cabinets and junction boxes; Manufacturing and installation of pipe ducts from cable ducts;

The Company possesses certificates for builders, groups I, III and V to the Chamber of the Bulgarian Builders.

Manufacture and installation of cable routes from cable trays and beds;

Resources: instruments for measurement of electrical, radio technical, physical and chemical values; own working standards of measurement units; own information system and database.

Services for legal entities and natural persons:

Production of pipelines for water, steam and gases.

"Service and Repair Activities" Directorate

Supply and installation of air conditioning and refrigeration equipment;

Servicing of:

Construction of ventilation, heating and air-conditioning systems;

Systems for control and management of electronic blocks for automation, analogue and digital instruments for measurement of electrical and radio technical values, for measuring of temperature, mechanical values (including the highest class), level meters, flowmeters, control automats, normative converters of power, process-monitors, power units, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS);

Warranty, after-sales and subscription service and repair of equipment and / or systems.

Panel analogue and digital instruments: ammeters, voltmeters, wattmeters, varmeters, frequency meters, synchronoscopes, delta U-meters, etc., regulators, digital controllers, devices for automated systems for control of the technological process; Digital and analogue measuring instruments: calibrators (of constant and variable voltage and current, of resistance, for oscilloscopes, for temperature), frequency meters, oscilloscopes, micro ohmmeters, mega ohmmeters, insulation testers, multimeters, frequency generators, frequency and time standards, frequency comparators, nonlinear distortion meters, variable frequency voltmeters, frequency meter generators, etc. .; Pressure measuring transducers, type SAPPHIRE, SAFIR, METRAN, etc., used in the technological processes in industry; Technical manometers, exemplary gauges, electrical contact manometers, piston pressure gauges and pressure switches; Flow, level, pressure and temperature sensors, level indicators;

Directorate “Marketing and supplies” Carries out the business activities of the Company and presents “Interpriborserviz” OOD as one of the biggest suppliers of equipment, spare parts and materials for "NPP Kozloduy" EAD, HPP, refineries, chemical, ore-mining and processing enterprises, as well as for the production, repair and service activities of the Company. Prepares and performs presentations and exhibitions of new equipment, technologies and innovative experience. Thanks to the accumulated experience, the Company organizes the implementation of new turnkey projects in the industry and energetics of Bulgaria, Macedonia and Ukraine. Contacts: 3321 Kozloduy, NPP site Manager: Kostadin Dimitrov tel.: +359 973 7220; +359 973 72013 fax: +359 973 76670 е-mail: ips@inpris.com web: www.inpris.com energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

GIPS JSC - the major supplier of raw materials for the cement industry GIPS has developed the variety of its products in accordance with the European trends in the development and marketing of new products refracting them through the particular features and demands of the Bulgarian market. Great variety of gypsum-based and cement-based dry building mixtures ground coats and adhesives, stuccos and putties, adhesives for ceramic coverings, heat-insulation system and primers. The main endeavor of the company is to offer its’ clients products applicable in building, reconstruction and repair activities in public and residential buildings. Quality

The mine near the village of Koshava is the only underground gypsum deposit in SouthEastern Europe. The extracted by the company gypsum is a 100 % natural product and its purity reaches 95 % (the purity of the excavated from open-air quarries gypsum does not exceed 50 %).

The harmful impact on the environment is significantly reduced due to the starting of the new factory and complete installation. The permitted level of harmful emissions is 50 mg/m3 and the new installation will give off no more than 20-27 mg/m3.

In order to be competitive on the Bulgarian and European markets GIPS implements strict controlling all over the production process. The company possesses the only accredited in Bulgaria laboratory for analyzing gypsum and gypsum products. GIPS is certified by ISO 9001-2008 SGS.

The energy consumption of the production will be significantly reduced – the consumption of electricity and fuels will be reduced by 45 %.

The products of GIPS JSC are well known in Bulgaria, Serbia and Romania.

The project was approved by the Operational Program "Competitiveness of the Bulgarian economy 2007-2013.

The capacity of the new installation is 14 tons per hour.

Koshava, Bulgaria post code: 3771

The equipment of the new plant with a capacity of 80 thousand tons per year is worth 8 million euro. Supplier of equipment is "Claudius Peters Projects".

Nowadays GIPS JSC manufactures 23 products – 13 gypsum-based and 10 cement-based dry building mixtures, heatinsulation system and primers.

Phone: +359 888 405 652; +359 885 945 763 E-mail: sales.gipsad@abv.bg

Products

www.gips-ad.com

GIPS JSC is the major supplier of raw materials for the cement industry, as well as for the production of gypsum binding substances and aerated-concrete products.

Markets

Since 2006 over 22 millions BGN have been invested in reconstruction, modernization and up-dating of the technological process through buying a complex machine for mechanized underground extraction of natural gypsum, the building of two new production installations for gypsum-based and cement-based dry building mixtures and an installation for drying and separation of sand and complete installation for calcification of natural gypsum. On the 4th of October the new factory of GIPS JSC was officially opened in the village of Koshava. This is the first plant in Bulgaria with a complex installation for classification of natural gypsum.

GIPS JSC

sales@gips-ad.com; gipsad@abv.bg

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Energy

ISCAR Drilling for Proﬁt with SUMO3CHAM The entire machining process becomes much easier as the cutting forces are spread across 3 cutting edges, the drilling process is more stable and the penetration into the part's material is more balanced. Thus, users can work up to twice as fast, as the feed per tooth can be increased significantly. Alternatively, users can maintain the same feed per revolution as with a two flute drill and achieve much longer tool life. The SUMO3CHAM clamping, which relies on 3 points of positioning, provides high levels of repeatability when replacing the drilling head. The global metalworking industry is driven by the relentless progress of highend technologies that are becoming ever more sophisticated. The challenging requirements of advanced production equipment demands the provision of 'out of the box' advanced machining solutions. Innovative cutting tools release the latent productive capability of modern machine tools and deliver enhanced profits to users. In order to comply with market demand, ISCAR recently exhibited its next generation, advanced indexable drill and further extended its comprehensive product portfolio with the launch of SUMO3CHAM – an advanced three flute indexable drill. The innovative design of the SUMO3CHAM raises users manufacturing productivity to new levels by reducing machining cycle times by up to 50% when compared to the conventional two flute drills. The new product's pocket configuration is constructed on a 'close structure' design with three contact areas based on a dove tail joint. This rigid clamping configuration divides the forces applied to the tools' pocket into 3 segments. This arrangement dramatically reduces harmful influences on the pocket's life and also substantially prolongs tool life.

Three radial and 3 axial stoppers secure the drilling head and ensure a reliable drilling process in high feed machining environments. Furthermore, due to its sharp edges and the low axial force it applies, the SUMO3CHAM is very efficient when drilling a through-hole when the drill breaks through a slanted surface, also creating fewer burrs on the hole exit. Since the material work hardening is low, a reamer or a tap which may be used for a subsequent operation will gain from extended tool life and accomplish improved results. The unique geometry of the SUMO3CHAM selfcentering head shapes the produced chips optimally to allow smooth evacuation throughout the 3 high helix polished flutes. ISCAR maintains its proud tradition of designing user-friendly drilling systems for easy handling. These unique drilling systems eliminate the use of tightening screws to clamp the drilling head in accordance with the company motto "No Set-up Time". SUMO3CHAM is now available for machining alloy steel, carbon steel, soft and gummy low carbon steel as well as cast iron.

In a similar way, the cutting forces are equally divided across the 3 cutting edges of the drilling head. The application of less pressure to each of the contact surfaces further extends the life cycle of the drilling head.

ISCAR's vision is to remain the global metalworking market leader by the continuing work of its prolific R&D department and remaining aware of its customers evolving needs. Innovative developments allow the launch of products that bring manufacturers an array of efficient drilling solutions based on uncompromising quality.

"The combination of the self-centering geometry, along with a robust and accurate clamping system results in SUMO3CHAM providing ultimate performances relating to hole cylindricity, roundness and enhanced productivity.

ISCAR Bulgaria is located in Kazanlak to serve the Bulgarian metal working industries. ISCAR Bulgaria is registered with the Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry and abides by its standards of conduct. The trained staff of

experienced sales engineers at ISCAR Bulgaria is ready to provide support, testing, demonstrations, consultations and quotations for ISCAR tools — the world’s finest metal cutting tools. ISCAR is the largest of the 15 companies comprising the IMC (International Metalworking Companies). Together, they supply a dynamic comprehensive line of precision carbide metalworking tools. These companies produce a wide range of carbide inserts, carbide endmills and cutting tools, covering most metal cutting applications. IMC also provides engineering and manufacturing solutions to major industries throughout the world. Many innovative products, designed specially for customer requirements, have made the IMC a world leader in the major manufacturing industries such as automotive, aerospace and die & mold production.

For more information: ISCAR Bulgaria. Starozagorska 1, Str. Floor 1, Office G, 6100 Kazanlak Tel/Fax:+359 431 62557; Tel: +359 431 64361 e-mail: apostolov@iscar.bg www.iscar.bg

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

Featured theme: The intelligent, in-line pump for increased system performance Drinking water is a valuable resource whose reasonable use today will guarantee the necessary quantities for us in the future. The priorities to be followed include the following measures:

industrial water reaches half of the total water use, whereas in developing countries the percentage varies between 4% and 12% of national water consumption.

Preventing deterioration in the quality of the drinking water compared to the already existing condition;

One way to increase the efficiency of water use in the industry is to reuse water.

Providing bacterial safe water for the population;

Reducing the amount of water used by industrial plants will lead to a decrease in water abstraction from local water sources, increase in productivity, reduction of discharged waste water streams and their polluting loads, as well as heat consumption and operating costs.

Carrying out systemic control over the quality of drinking water; Improvement of drinking and wastewater treatment plants and strict disinfection regime; Performing periodic tests for the content of dangerous substances in surface and groundwater; Commissioning of new central water sources in the missing ones; Staged replacement of water supply networks in cities; Construction of sewerage networks; It is estimated that approximately 22% of the world's water is used for industrial purposes. In Europe and North America,

Re-use of waste water in the industry can be realized within one or more companies, guaranteeing them savings from water bills and purification costs. Depending on the pollutants they contain and the intended re-use, the waste water can be either directly used or first cleaned and then used (recycled). Nearly every industrial plant can implement measures for the reuse of waste water. Inclusion of technology for direct reuse is a relatively easy procedure, but when a purification system is needed, costs are increasing considerably.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology The ability to reuse water from one plant to another depends on the transport costs and on the quantity and quality of the water produced. In case there is a need for further purification, the participation of more companies would lead to significant cost reductions. One third of water use in Europe falls on the agricultural sector. Agriculture affects both the quantity and the quality of available water resources for other uses. In some parts of Europe, pollution only from pesticides and fertilizers used in agriculture continues to be the main cause of poor water quality. By applying good agricultural practices and favorable policy decisions, we can achieve a much more efficient use of water in agriculture, which would mean more available water resources for other uses, especially for nature. However, irrigation should not be associated with such a high water consumption. Increasing water efficiency is already being realized in Europe, both through the efficiency of water transmission (the share of water taken to the field) and the efficiency of field use (the water actually used by crops relative to the total quantity of water supplied to the crops). Policy plays a key role in stimulating the agricultural sector to introduce more effective irrigation practices. In the past, for example, water pricing policies in some European countries did not necessarily require farmers to use water efficiently. Farmers rarely paid the real cost of water, reflecting environmental and resource costs. In addition, agricultural subsidies under the EU's Common Agricultural Policy and other measures have indirectly encouraged farmers to produce more water-consuming crops by using inefficient technologies. By using wastewater in agriculture, more freshwater resources can be provided for other needs, including for nature and households. If the quality of the regenerated water is properly managed, the treated wastewater can provide an effective alternative to meet the water needs of agriculture. In support of the above, GRUNDFOS, the world's largest manufacturer of pumps and pump equipment, offers a number of solutions, ranging from the overall design and construction of sewage treatment plants to the delivery of separate water transfer, filtration, aeration and disinfection facilities. In the area of â&#x20AC;&#x2039;energy efficiency, the following can be briefly mentioned: The so-called "EuP Directive" was approved by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union on 06.07.2005. The Directive lays down a framework of rules and criteria for setting ecodesign requirements for EuPs.

The aim of the Directive is to reduce the environmental impact caused by energy-using products and to ensure environmentally-friendly development in the future. Only the most efficient energy class A pumps available on the market currently meet the requirements of the EuP Directive. GRUNDFOS is the leader in the sector of autonomous energy efficient circulators. The company is among the first to start mass production of Energy Class A pumps. The ALPHA2 ALPHA3 and MAGNA3 circulators have long been compliant with the EuP Directive and are widely used around the world. Since 2017, the MAGNA1 range has improved features and added communication capabilities. GRUNDFOS does not expect legal constraints on the production of these products but creates a high level of responsibility and environmental care. At the core of the design of our pumps is the principle of continuous improvement. Thanks to the unique combination of innovative pump functions, MAGNA3 consumes up to 70% less power than other autonomous circulators of the same size. The MAGNA range offers a wide range of sizes suitable for domestic and commercial heating or air conditioning applications. With the market launch of TPE3 and TPE2 series linear pumps, there has been a dramatic change in the operational capabilities and energy intensity of this segment. All TPE2, TPE3 D, TPE3, TPE3 D, TPE and TPED pumps with bipolar motors up to 3 kW and four-pole motors up to 1.5 kW are equipped with permanent magnet motors that are more efficient than IE4, including power consumption of the electricity from the built-in frequency converter. As the world's leading manufacturer of pumps and pump equipment, GRUNDFOS manufactures high-performance electric motors. Manufactured electric motors with built - in frequency converters meet the high standards of E - pumps (E pumps) used in buildings, water supply and industry. In the direction of increasing energy efficiency, GRUNDFOS offers an energy audit service. With the help of a dedicated ECT (Energy Check Tool) software, precision instruments and tools of the customer make a free evaluation of pumps and pumping equipment on site and the report outlines the benefits of introducing new facilities, realizing savings compared to the current situation, an estimate of the return on investment is made.

www.adara-bg.com Bulgaria, 1784 Sofia jk"Mladost-1', bul. Andrej Saharov, bl. 75A, ap.2 tel.: + 359 2 974-49-38 fax: + 359 2 974-40-38 GSM: +359 889 161 000; +359 878 405 888 office@adara-bg.com

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

Strengthening regional cooperation towards environmental and health safety Elizabet Paunovich, Head of World Health Organization (WHO)â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s European Center for Environment and Health. In your opinion, do the Western Balkans countries pay enough attention to the environmental protection from the health point of view? Are they aware of the need to improve environmental protection in order to protect health? Each year, at least 1.4 million Europeans still die prematurely as a consequence of polluted environments. The burden of environmental health issues still amounts to at least 15% of Europeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total deaths. Air pollution is the single largest environmental health risk in Europe. WHO estimates that every year, ambient (outdoor) air pollution causes nearly 500 000 premature deaths; household (indoor) air pollution from solid-fuel combustion for heating and cooking is responsible for nearly 120 000 premature deaths. Unfortunately, some of our Member States in the Balkans and south-eastern Europe are worst in region for air quality, but they are aware of the need to improve and we are working extensively in the Region on this topic.Another issue is historical industrial contamination and polluted sites that still require remediation. Contamination can affect soil, air, food and drinking water, and people can be exposed directly through ingestion, inhalation, skin contact, and dermal absorption to a host of noxious chemical agents. About one quarter of approximately 350 000 known contaminated sites in EEA countries are due to waste or hazardous waste. Various studies estimate that approximately 32

2â&#x20AC;&#x201C;6% of the population in the WHO European Region are affected by waste-related exposures. Actions in respect to these problems are also needed in the SEE region. What steps they must take to organize themselves better regarding this? Have they started to apply a multisectoral approach and developed much needed monitoring and data collection mechanisms? The need for coordinated action on environment and health issues remains clear. Most WHO Member States in southeastern Europe are either in the EU or accession countries. They need to strengthen monitoring of the health impacts to influence sectoral policies that protect their populations. One example would be in the energy policy and the use of coal. This naturally negatively affects air quality with an impact on health as I already explained. Subsidy policies and affordability linked with the high costs of other healthier and greener sources, causes that the coal is widely used in SEE region for household uses, for heating and cooking. This also plays a role: while deaths from ambient air pollution occur in all European countries, regardless of their income level, those from household air pollution are over five times greater in low- and middle-income countries than in wealthier ones.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology You have recently said that 5,400 people die in Serbia annually due to diseases associated with air pollution, and that there is a gap between rural and urban areas when it comes to the quality of water. In this regard, where Serbia and other countries in the region stand in comparison to the developed European countries? It’s easiest to illustrate that with the following chart, showing the proportion of environment-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per capita in Europe. As you can see, noncommunicable diseases are the largest component for pretty much all our Member States, but there are definitely inequalities evident across the Region. A share of DALY’s caused by environmental factor, and as I pointed out by the air pollution as the single biggest environmental cause of diseases and premature deaths is contributing to this figure. We have a strong history of working with Serbia to improve the situation. For example, in May 2014 there was widespread flooding in the Balkans affecting Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia. Learning from the experiences of that event there has been a need to shift the emphasis from disaster response to long-term risk management. Small-scale drinkingwater systems in rural areas of Serbia are particularly challenged by such events. Registered water-related outbreaks in the past decade were mostly attributed to small-scale water supplies, indicating that these systems represent a potential health risk. A national-level systematic survey was undertaken in 2016 to gain better insight on how the aforementioned particularities and challenges of small-scale systems may affect the quality of drinking-water supplied to rural populations. The findings clearly showed a significant urban-rural gap in water-quality. About one third of all small supplies showed faecal contamination; 71% of piped systems and 77% of individual supplies in rural areas were found to require improvement action. Since its publication, the survey has induced policy actions and measures for the improvement of rural water supplies in Serbia, in particular proposing a new provision for implementation of the water safety plan approach in the draft law on water intended for human consumption and improving enforcement of regulation on the foundation and ownership of water supply systems. Is it possible to establish direct and reliable link between premature deaths and air pollution, since its influence spans through the years and is not so visible in relation to many other factors? Yes, air pollution can affect our health in many ways with both long and short term effects. New data has revealed a stronger link between both indoor and outdoor air pollution exposure and cardiovascular diseases, such as strokes and ischaemic heart disease, as well as between air pollution and cancer. This is in addition to air pollution’s role in the development of respiratory diseases, including acute respiratory infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Furthermore, the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified air pollution in general, as well as particulate matter as a separate component of air pollution mixtures, as carcinogenic. Different groups of individuals are affected by air pollution in different ways. More severe health impacts are seen among those people who are already ill. In addition, more vulnerable populations like children, the elderly and those households with lower incomes and limited access to health care are more susceptible to the adverse effects from exposure to air pollution. In addition to improving the water and air quality, what other key environmental issue needs to be addressed in Serbia and the region in the context of health?

As already mentioned, the other major environmental issues continue to be improving climate resilience, especially in regard to heat-waves and flooding, remediation of industrial contaminated sites, and improved waste-water treatment. What is the impact of climate change on health in Europe and the Western Balkans? Have there been emerging any new illnesses which are not typical for this climate? Have you been in contact with the governments of the Western Balkans countries and what steps have been taken in this regard? The current and potential climate-related health risks include direct effects that mostly occur through changes in extreme weather events, and indirect effects that are mainly induced by changes in major environment, social and economic determinants. There are three main areas of public health concern related to climate change: extreme weather, changing infectious diseases and impacts on air quality, food and water safety and security. Extreme weather, such as heat-waves, cold-spells, storms, floods, droughts and fires are increasing in frequency, intensity and duration, endangering fundamental health determinants and increasing threats of injuries, communicable and noncommunicable diseases, stress-related mental illness and infrastructural damage. Changing infectious diseases, such as vector-borne, food and water-borne, as well as respiratory diseases are changing in temporal and geographical distribution due to changing climate. Climate change is projected to lead to the spreading and increase of disease vectors including, the castor bean tick, mosquitos some species of sandflies. Air quality, food and water security are three determinants of human health and well-being that are significantly altered by long-term changes of local and global climates as well as by sudden extreme weather events. By affecting the social factors underlying sustainable development (poverty, food, employment, income and livelihood, gender, education, housing) both directly or indirectly, climate change is expected to cause large human migrations, temporary and permanent; sudden and planned, some of which we have already witnessed in parts of the world. What is the WHO focus in the region when it comes to the environmental impact on the health? What projects do you implement? What are the further plans? In our office, the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health in Bonn, Germany, the main areas of our work are water and climate, living and working environments, and environment and health impact assessment. These activities are contributing to the development of healthy and safe environments that support resilient and inclusive communities across our Region. Within this scope, we work on a large spectrum of technical areas, some of which we have already talked about, but also including chemical safety, environmental noise, workers’ health protection, amongst others. s mentioned, particular focus areas in south-eastern Europe continue to be air quality, water and sanitation and contaminated sites. Indeed, we are just about to start a new project in Serbia on strengthening national capacities and inter-sectorial synergies for safe management of contaminated sites and related hazardous substances to prevent negative impact on human health and the environment, within the scope of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) policy framework.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Ecology

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

Services • Diamond core drilling up to 3000m • Underground drilling • Directional drilling • Reverse circulation drilling • Oil and gas drilling • Oil and Gas Workover • Water well drilling • Geothermal drilling • Energy drilling • Technical Drilling for Mining • Technical Drilling for Construction • Geological Survey

www.geopsbg.com E-mail: ofﬁce@geopsbg.com | +359 893 349 105

OIL&GAS

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS

Flue gas analysis – brilliantly easy: testo 350 – the ﬁrst ﬂue gas analyzer that thinks ahead data even when the flue gas pipe and the adjustment site are separated, especially helpful for industrial burners, for example. Measurement data can be transferred from the analyzer box to the control unit. This means the analyzer box can remain at the measurement site for further measurements, and the control unit taken away in order to process the measurement data. In order to protect the display in measurements over a longer period or during transport to different measurement sites in a system, the control unit can be attached to the analyzer box facedown. Large colour graphic display with application-specific menu The following measurement objects are available: - Burner - Gas turbine - Engines (Select λ > 1 or λ ≤ 1 regulated industrial engines) User-defined. Typical fuels, a practicable order of the exhaust gas parameters in the display, the corresponding calculations as well as useful instrument pre-settings, are stored under each of these measurement objects. Examples of these are the activation of the dilution in measurements on λ ≤ 1 regulated industrial engines and gas turbines, or the testing of the relevant gas sensor in the dilution slot. The advantages of the application-specific menu -Information in the display guides the user through the menu. -Easy operation without previous knowledge of the instrument -Reduction of the work steps before the start of the measurement. Analyzer box – industrial standard, robust and reliable The portable flue gas analyzer testo 350 is the ideal tool for In the analyzer box are the gas sensors, the measurement gas professional flue gas analysis. Helpful instrument settings guide and rinsing pumps, the Peltier gas preparation (optional), gas paths, filters, analysis and storage electronics as well as the the user safely through typical measurement tasks such as: mains unit and the Li-ion battery. - Flue gas analysis in commissioning, setting, optimization or The robust housing has built-in impact protection (specially operational measurements on industrial burners, stationary constructed X-shaped rubber edges), allowing the analyzer box industrial engines, gas turbines and flue gas purification systems. to be used in tough conditions. Downtimes due to dirt in the - Control and monitoring of officially prescribed emission limits in instrument are almost completely eliminated by intelligent design and robustness. Inherently sealed chambers protect the interior exhaust gas. of the instrument from dirt from the surroundings. - Function testing of stationary emission measuring instruments. Operation can be carried out with the control unit or in direct - Control and monitoring of defined gas atmospheres in furnace connection with a PC or notebook (USB, Bluetooth® 2.0 oder rooms or kilns in different processes. CANCase). The analyzer box can, after programming, independently carry out measurements and store measurement Control unit – small and convenient The control unit is the operating and display unit of the testo 350. data.The plug-in connections for the probes and bus cables are It can be removed and equipped as standard with a Li-ion locked by bayonet fittings, and therefore securely connected to rechargeable battery. All settings are carried out using the cursor the analyzer box. This prevents unintentional removal, avoiding button. The presentation of the measurement values takes place false measurements. via the colour graphic display. Thanks to the internal memory, testo 350 – Flue gas measurement at the highest level, measurement data can be transferred from the analyzer box to the control unit. If required by the measurement, several thanks to: analyzer boxes can conveniently be operated and controlled Easily accessible service opening The service opening in the underside of the instrument allows using one control unit very easy access to all relevant service and wearing parts such as pumps and filters, which can then be quickly cleaned and/or The advantages of the testo 350 control unit: Operation of the analyzer box and transfer of the measurement exchanged on site. 40

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS The advantages: - Reduction of instrument unavailability due to service times. - Cost savings due to instrument maintenance and/or exchange and cleaning of wearing parts by the user. - Immediate access to all relevant wearing parts

- The instrument can also be safely used in dusty or dirty atmospheres Further advantages...

Diagnosis function â&#x20AC;&#x201C; integrated and intelligent The testo 350 has a number of instrument diagnosis functions. Error reports are issued in clear text, and are thus easily understandable. The current status of the flue gas analyzer is constantly displayed. This guarantees: - Low downtimes thanks to early warning reports, for example when gas sensors are spent. - No false measurements due to faulty instrument components. Easy exchange of the gas sensors The gas sensors are pre-calibrated and can be exchanged, - Better planning of measurement work replaced or extended by further measurement parameters without - More reliability in emission measurement and up-to-date information on the instrument status. test gas â&#x20AC;&#x201C; if necessary directly at the measurement site. - No more long service times Automatic zeroing of the pressure sensor -Flexible extension of the testo 350 by further gas measurement This option allows volume and mass flow velocity to be measured parameters when applications or regulations change. without supervision over a longer period of time and parallel to the - A report is immediately issued when the NO sensor filter is used up. Then only the filter needs to be changed, and no longer the emission measurement. The pressure sensor is automatically zeroed at regular intervals. This avoids the typical drift of the whole NO sensor. pressure sensor when ambient conditions change. Automatically monitored condensate trap The automatic monitoring of filling level reports when the Gas sensor zeroing condensate containerneeds to be emptied, and a few minutes after When the instrument is switched on, or manually if needed, the gas the report, the measurement gas pump is automatically stopped. sensors are zeroed with ambient air. In the testo 350, this This provides the highest protection of the analyzer box and the procedure is already completed in 30 seconds. This means that fast availability with tested and zeroed gas sensors is always gas sensors from damage by condensate entry. guaranted. External cooling loop Closed cooling loops isolate the instrument electronics and GLOBAL â&#x20AC;&#x201C; TEST EOOD sensors from the ambient air. The interior of the instrument is 1408 Sofia, Janko Zabunov str., bl. 3, ent. B, P.O.Box 21 cooled via a heat exchanger and therefore does not come into tel. (02) 953 07 96 ; (02) 953 29 56 contact with dirty or aggressive ambient air. fax (02) 952 51 95 e-mail: office@global-test.eu - Damage to the internal electronics are thus effectively prevented. www.global-test.eu Thermally separated sensor chamber The sensor chamber is thermally separated from the other instrument components. This reduces possible sensor drifts caused by thermal influences. This allows the maximum reliability pf the measuring instrument to be achieved.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS

Pakistan’s road to energy sustainability Zahid Muzaﬀar, chairman of Pakistan’s Oil & Gas Development Company (OGDC), speaks about new oil and gas projects planned and the role China-Pakistan Economic Corridor will play in serving energy needs. Pakistan stands at one end of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, where it is poised to benefit from US$46 billion in new roads, bridges, wind farms and other China-backed infrastructure projects such as Balochistan’s Gwadar port which links to China’s Westerns region of restive Xinjiang.

energy needs? What opportunity does the route through Pakistan present for regional energy players?

Can you give an overview of Pakistan’s energy needs and what options are you looking at to serve these?

There is also a serious demand for energy from China, who imports a large chunk of oil and gas from Middle East. With the new route or economic corridor created between China and Pakistan, there is a great opportunity for Middle East producers to supply their crude oil and gas through this corridor, which will reduce the transport cost and time and make the energy demand grow much faster in China and within Pakistan.

Pakistan is a country which is growing very fast – the population is now over 200 million. The energy demand is growing at a very fast pace because of the economic development within the country. Primarily a gas-consuming country, we discovered gas about 50 years ago and we have a brilliant infrastructure for clean fuels. We are producing about 4 billion cubic feet of gas and we are at the moment facing unconstrained demand. The country’s gas requirement is twice as much as its production. As a way forward, we are pressing ahead on exploration to increase the production of gas and secondly, we are looking at importing natural gas in the form of LNG. We have been very successful in this so far– we developed the first LNG terminal over a year ago and the second LNG terminal will be coming online in November this year. Additionally, we’ve given approvals to private entrepreneurs to bring two-three more terminals.

There is a massive demand for energy in Pakistan and with the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, there is a great opportunity for the Middle East suppliers.

This relationship, between China and Pakistan, is going to be very significant for Pakistan and also for the Chinese because they will be able to bring products through this route and it will also be much easier and quicker to deliver the refined products to the Middle East and Africa regions. Pakistan, being a country with a lot of land and manpower which can be used in developing industrial zones along the infrastructure being built between Pakistan and China, will provide a lot of opportunities for investors in the Middle East and even Europe to capitalise on these investment opportunities which, will be made available in due course because of this strategic partnership between China and Pakistan.

What role will the China Silk Road play in serving Pakistan’s 44

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

OIL&GAS Is there a pipeline being considered to support the Silk Route through Pakistan to Gwadar port? We are definitely looking into various options on how we can develop an integrated network. At the moment, we’ve got the road and rail infrastructure - but the pipeline is also being seriously considered by both the countries. This will be a great opportunity for Middle East investors and various hedge funds to put their capital and have constant returns. Shipping products from the Middle East to China takes about 35 days. If we have a pipeline connecting China through Pakistan’s new port at Gawader, the transport time could be cut back to a handful of days. The process of supplying will be far quicker and also far more cost effective because it takes a lot of both to ship crude and gas to China. What’s the latest update on the TAPI (TurkmenistanAfghanistan-Pakistan-India) pipeline? Is there a completiondate envisioned? TAPI pipeline is good to go – the exploration has already started on the Turkmenistan-side and the TAPI Co has already been established with all the stakeholders and the headquarters will be in based out of Dubai, to make it easier for all stakeholders to meet and discuss the way forward. The Turkmenistan government has taken a major leap forward by bringing in major capital investment for the exploration and production of gas – this was a distant reality, but now I think this is a close reality as the investment on this pipeline has already commenced from Turkmenistan side. Other stakeholders are also very keen because energy is a great requirement for Afghanistan and Pakistan and India. It will happen and surely take place in due course. Pakistan has a commitment to the project and we will be able to build the pipeline from the Afghan border up to Pakistan midcountry. Likewise, the Afghans and the Indians will also be

building theirs. This is something which is extremely important for all stakeholders and they are very keen to push it through. And I think this could develop into a peace pipeline between Afghanistan, Pakistan and India so this is politically and economically very important for the stakeholders. On completion date, there have been estimates which have been put forward to the joint working group but we expect it to take between three to four years of time. What projects is OGDC working on for developing the country’s hydrocarbon resources? At OGDC, which is the flagship company of Pakistan, we have a very aggressive exploration programme. In the last couple of years, we have exceeded our target of geological and geophysical (G&G) surveys work. We’ve tripled our effort on the seismic survey and now the delineation of the structures is in the process and we expect to drill about 25 exploration wells in the next financial year. We will be entering into new geological areas of Pakistan which have not been explored in the past and have tremendous potential for hydrocarbons and these are Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan. OGDC and PakPetro Serve, along with international oil exploration companies like ENI, MOL, and United Energy will be taking the lead forward in the exploration in these areas. Since the last three years, there have been a lot of discoveries but these haven’t been significant in terms of reserves – they’ve been small discoveries and we expect to go and drill where there are large structures, which can only be determined once we’ve carried out a detailed seismic survey. Large structure are of between 1 Tcf (trillion cubic feet) to 2 Tcf gas reserves - we had a discovery many years back, which was between 3.5 to 5 Tcf so those are large structures in relative terms in Pakistan.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

Dust Suppression Overview Heavy duty dewatering pumps DWK benefits: Âˇ High reliability and flexibility pumps with protection features for harsh operation environments Âˇ Top-discharge with different connection types available for multiply uses of the pumps, depending on conditions and specific needs Âˇ Pumps up to 15 kW have a double mechanical seal and pump from 22 kW to 90 kW have a triple-seal system, for longer operation and less downtime The working range of DWK pumps is up to 430 m3/h flow rate maximum and up to maximum 89 m pressure head maximum.

Dust suppression is an important aspect of mining operations, and to reduce the volume of raw water required, recycled process water from settlement tanks is often used for this purpose. The creation of dust is an unavoidable result of mining operations and can clog pipes and mechanical parts, creating additional maintenance and repairs. Water spray systems remain the most efficient and cost-effective means of dust control for both process and fugitive dust emissions. A Grundfos pumping solution can move a large amount of water in a short time, making it possible to use a large nozzle configuration and minimise the need for filtration. Settlement ponds are a cost-effective way of reducing the size and cost of subsequent water treatment by reducing the organic load in the wastewater, by letting gravity remove impurities. The resulting water can be filtered and treated for reuse in the mineral process, or for dust suppression.

Our range of submersible multistage pumps (SP) along with variable speed drives (CUE) is unmatched for well types. State-of-the-art hydraulic design delivers optimum energy efficiency during periods of high demand with high reliability, very long service intervals and low total cost of ownership. Using of variable speed drive ensures more balanced water drawdown, protecting the water source. Grundfos matches the stainless steel build quality of the SP pumps to the groundwater conditions. Depending of the corrosion risk, high grade stainless steel variants are available. Grundfos is a supplier of the pump, motor and controls for an optimal pumping system. The working range of SP pumps is up to 470 m3/h flow rate maximum and up to 670 m pressure head maximum. Correct material selection is the most important method of corrosion prevention, prolonging the life span of pumps and pumps systems. Grundfos can supply the specialist expertise to help meet your performance objectives, from the initial identification of needs, to the selection, installation, operation, and maintenance of the pumping solution. Furthermore, Grundfos tailors commissioning agreements and service agreements to your requirements, and spare parts kits and on-site recommended spare parts can also be arranged.

The Grundfos Hydro MPC range of multistage pressure boosting systems means you can manage your pressure zones with ease for the optimum transporting of water from settlement tanks, for the filling of tanks, and for delivering water to water spray systems. As standard, Hydro MPC booster systems consist of two to six CRI(E) or CR(E) pumps coupled in parallel and mounted on a common base frame with all the necessary fittings and a control cabinet. The working range of Hydro MPC boosting system is up to 720 m3/h flow rate maximum and up to 160 m pressure head maximum. Solid construction with high-grade materials such as chromium steel and silicon carbide means the Grundfos DW range of dewatering pumps is ideal for pits, for temporary or fixed installation, and offers high-pressure pump performance unhindered by sand or other abrasives. Solid cast iron construction and narrow design characterises the Grundfos DWK range of dewatering pumps, and this range can pump small stones at greater flow than the Grundfos DW range.

www.adara-bg.com Bulgaria, 1784 Sofia jk"Mladost-1', bul. Andrej Saharov, bl. 75A, ap.2 tel.: + 359 2 974-49-38 fax: + 359 2 974-40-38 GSM: +359 889 161 000; +359 878 405 888 office@adara-bg.com

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

Top 10 Ways to Make Mines More Environmentally Friendly 1. Closing illegal and unregulated mines In context with enforcing regulations and maintaining steadfast legislation regarding a mineâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s behavior and processes, the strict and swift closing of illegal or unregulated mining activity will set an environmental precedent within the industry. For example, before 2010, most mines in China were completely unregulated when it came to the environment and the shortcomings it was bringing to surrounding Chinese areas. After years of lax regulation and undisciplined treatment of illegal, unpermitted mines, China's government responded to a wave of public protest and partly in its own selfinterest enacted new policy measures for greener mining. These were codified in the Rare Earth Industrial Development Policy. The following regulations are the most important out of those now in practice, and they are being enforced to discourage illegal and environmentally careless mining. These measures are not yet all fully implemented in China, but the legal productivity and environmental impact are set to increase by two-fold 56

thanks to the closure of the illegal activity, and the cultivation of the existing legal mines.

reductions in materials use-often by as much as 90 percent,â&#x20AC;? reports the Canary Institute in Canada.

2. Scrap mining and recycling

3. Better legislation and regulations

On a global scale, mining corporations around the world are discovering efficient ways to capitalize fully on materials in order to provide the goods and services people want using much less wood, metal, stone, plastic and other materials. By reducing the amount of wasteful use on a public and private level, and by steering production towards the sole use of durable goods that can be easily reusable, re-manufactured, or recycled, the mining industry can begin to reduce its impact on an international scale.

Standard legislation concerning the efficiency of mining is a long way off from being the most productive and most strict government mandates that exists today. Obviously these regulations differ between nations, with some countries more advanced in terms of their legislation than others, however the need for improvement is always there in this industry, which inevitably causes some environmental damage.

This creative trend of scrap mining, or utilizing ever-reusable resource for other mining initiatives, stems from the recognition of the environmental costs of excessive materials use. Mining exacts a severe and sometimes irreversible toll on public health, water and air quality, fish and wildlife habitat, and community interests. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Recognizing that "business-asusual" practices are unsustainable, some nations, international organizations, and environmental groups are calling for major

In Canada for example, mines like the Island Copper Mine on Vancouver Island stands as a highly regulated mine site that operated from 1971 until 1995 when it was closed for resource depletion. It was due to the regulation and control of the government that a detailed mine closure plan was developed to comfortably close the mine in order to protect the few resources which remained, and the B.C. enacted the contaminated sites regulation process which was awarded the Certificate of Conditional Compliance.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING 4. Improving environmental performance Mining impacts the environment in unnatural ways, which not only disrupts its natural decaying process, but also does more damage long-term than natural erosion processes. With exorbitant numbers of materials excavated and used daily, it is important to see that this destruction is actually going towards productive use. By systematically examining environmental impacts and adopting measures to mitigate these impacts, it is possible to make mining less destructive of the environment. Incremental efficiency gains will not do the job. Instead, an imaginative remaking of the industrial world-one that aligns economies with the natural environment that supports them is the sustainable way forward. Recycling has a number of advantages. Canada’s offices like The Pembina Institute, the Natural Step and The National Office of Pollution Prevention are all behind these huge pushes towards not only monitoring mining manufacturing performance, but environmental performance as well. 5. Accurate tallying of toxic mining waste Another problem with the whole sustainable mining debate has to do with secrecy in reporting toxic mining waste. Mining companies have not been accurately reporting the amounts being dumped into the environment and in doing so, have kept the public in the dark. Most notably this has been occurring with the Canadian people as of late, with a huge public backlash being the center of much of the mining industry controversy being targeted on accurate waste tallying lately. While sustainable mining looks good on paper and seems easy enough to follow provincial or federal guidelines, the industry has a way to go before it can be considered even remotely green. 6. Building from reusable waste Not only can mining present a hazard to the environment, but it can also be seen as a toll on public health if appropriate measures are not taken to ensure that the mining process is being done as safely and efficiently as possible. Case studies from mines around the world have provided numerous success stories of corporations and private mines alike being able to build new construction and 57

infrastructure from the reusable materials that a mine site presents. For example, aluminum can be substituted as a recyclable material rather than using bauxite ore, which is a rarer and less reusable item.

efficiency and a better understood industry.

By noticing the small details of the products used and generated in a mine site, the mining industry can make strides towards being a more sustainable industry. Tricks like recycling copper, which takes seven times less energy than processing ore, recycling steel which uses three-and-a-half times less energy than ore, can go a long way in determining the longevity of a mine and its positive environmental impact.

A seemingly simple but rarely prioritized activity, replenishing mine sites and mine environments is one of the key factors to not only earning the respect and cooperation of those living near the mine, but will ultimately protect the mine’s impact on the environment. Simple solutions like replenishing native soils and grasses, cleaning excess waste, proper waste removal, site inspections and replanting trees and natural forestry can rejuvenate a long-term ecosystem repair and sustain the environment for years beyond when the mine is no longer operating. The entire reclamation process should include: removing hazardous materials, reshaping land, restoring topsoil, and planting native grasses, trees or ground cover natural to the site.

9. Replenishing the environment

7. Closing and reclaiming sites of shutdown mines The dangers of allowing no longer working mines to exist can not only allowing wasted debris the opportunity to rot and decay on site, but it can lead to illegal or unregulated mining activity. Enacting small decommissioning groups and contractors to take apart the mining processing facilities and plants; this process will allow the pipelines to be drained, equipment and parts of the mine to be cleaned and sold off, the buildings can be repurposed or demolished, warehouse materials recovered, and wasted disposed of. The main objective in the reclaiming process is to return the sire and the land which surrounds it back to reusable standards, ensuring that any landforms and structures are stable, and why watercourses need to be evaluated in order to regain water quality within the affected area. 8. Investing in research and development of Green Mining Technology The mining industry is one that is always in need of proper research and development in order to make sure the industry to ever-changing with today’s commitment to sustainability and turning the world into a more “green friendly’ place. Through either state of federal agencies, collecting funding and allowing that funding to be dispersed into ROD funds for Green Mining can be one way to positively impact the environment before and after mining projects. By pushing the envelope and never letting the future slip too far from reach, staying ahead can prevent unnecessary waste in the sense of less reusable materials, better

10. Improving the efficiency of manufacturing processes By targeting the goal of closely monitoring the standard mining supply chain, mining industry giants will be forced to confront the ways in which a company can improve its efficiency by seeing exactly where the organization is lacking in terms of sustainability and green mining initiatives. This supervision of the manufacturing process is essential in order to develop new ways of thinking, new metrics, and new management/supervisory tools that will help cushion the transition into more efficient and less environmentally-harmful patterns of resource use in modern societies. Organizations like The World Resources Institute are currently conducting research on the most frequently used resources and materials, in order to better understand how the industry can conserve its non-renewable materials. The WRI has been working towards developing a database, and can now indicate the flow of materials through industrial economies. Material flows analyses will track the physical flows of natural resources through extraction, production, fabrication, use and recycling, and final disposal, accounting for both the gains and losses occurring throughout the supply chain.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

MINING

AVZ Minerals signs 20 000 m drilling contract for DRC lithium project The AVZ Minerals contract covers the initial 20 000 m phase of a planned 40 000 m drill programme to test, define and report mineral resources at the Kitotolo and Manono sectors of the Manono lithium project.

Drill-holes MO17DD001 and MO17DD002 are approximately 400 m apart through the thickest section of the pegmatite and this zone will receive initial drill testing on sectional lines 100 m apart and drill holes 100 m apart.

The 20 000 m programme, using one multi-purpose and three diamond drill rigs, should take an estimated three months to complete.

Drilling will progress to the north and south along strike.

Drilling is planned to commence in December, and will initially target the Roche Dure pegmatite, Kitotolo sector, where recent drilling returned the following results: MO17DD001 reported between 24.5 m and 263.9 m, an intercept of 235.03 m at1.66% lithium oxide and 1 001 ppm tin. MO17DD002 reported between 65.5 m and 268.3 m, an intercept of 202.8 m at 1.57% lithium oxide and 1 078 ppm tin. AVZ Minerals believes that the Roche Dure pegmatite holds potential for significant lithium and tin mineralisation given the expected approximate thickness of up to 220 m and a potential strike length of some 2 100 m.

It is also the company’s intention to drill investigate the Carrier de L’Est Pegmatite in the Manono sector immediately to the north and south of MO17DD007 where a drill intercept confirmed mineralisation between 1.9 m and 252.83 m reporting 250.93 m at 1.48% lithium oxide and 913 ppm tin.

result in the estimation of a mineral resource. “We are very pleased to have completed the drilling tender process and awarded the contract. Equity has proved themselves in Africa as a professional company with the ability to engage and perform to a very high level and often in trying conditions,” says AVZ Minerals executive cairman, Klaus Eckhof. About Equity Drilling Equity Drilling was formed in 2016 by Mike Warren and Marc Olyott.

AVZ Minerals has generated an exploration target of between 1 Bt and 1.2 Bt of 1.25% to 1.5% lithium oxide for the entire Manono project, including between 300 and 400 Mt of 1.25% to 1.5% lithium oxide for the Roche Dure Pegmatite alone. The potential quantity and grade of the exploration target as stated, is conceptual in nature as there has been insufficient exploration to estimate a mineral resource and it is uncertain if further exploration will

Warren founded Geosearch which was sold in 2006. This was a 147 rig operation that operated in most African countries, south of the Sahara. Equity currently has 16 rigs and its aim is to increase this to a maximum of 20 rigs in order to provide critical mass, but at the same time still be able to provide a personalised service to those clients operating in remote or difficult environments.

energyandecology.com

Issue 8 November 2017

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