BCN
ZERO EMI SSION
STUDIO 1 [IAAC 2010] Andreana Papantoniou Carolina Libardi Erina Filipovska
Barcelona [41°21’N 02°10’E]
Transforming An Existing City into 0 emissions The Institute for Advanced Architecture of Catalonia is involved in a research project to transform the city of Barcelona in a Zero Emission city. To make that possible, the students were asked to map the city from an energetical point of view, and then propose strategies to make the goal possible. This booklet shows the CO2 mapping process for the barrios of La Sagrea, Congrés, Navas and Camp del’Arpa, and the consequent proposals to reduce them.
THE AREA
a monofunctional area
PUBLIC SPACES 9% OTHER USES 5%
the uses
RESIDENTIAL AREAS 86%
2 1
The Analysed Area
To be able to perform precise calculations of CO2 emissions in the barrio, the group decided to narrow down the analyzed area to 18 blocks. The blocks were chosen in the crossing between the barrios of La Sagrera, CongrĂŠs and Navas, and containing parts of Avinguda Meridiana and Carrer Felipe II, the busiest streets of the area, and important conections between the barrios and the rest of the city. The chosen blocks were numbered for an easier identification.
3
5
15
16
14
13
4
12
6 7
17
8
18 11 9 10
Emission 0.42 kg / Day
Transportation 24.78 %
Greens 0.30 %
Emission 100 kg / Day
CO2 EMISSION X ABSORPTION final map
Buildings 74.92 %
-
Apsorption CO2 - 144 kg / Day
=
Emission CO2 - 50.291 kg / Day
To transform Barcelona into a 0 Emissions city, what is the first thing we have to know?
1. Green Areas are not enough to compensate CO2 emission inside the urban areas
That doesen’t mean vegetation is to be discarded. It should be used as a strategy to improve insulation of buildings and to promote the psicological effect of a greener city.
2. Neighborhoods cannot be monofunctional To avoid daily displacement of people going to work, neighborhoods should be, at the same time, a place of housing and work.
3. Design “Smart Buildings” Buildings are responsible for a big part of the emissions of CO2 inside urban areas. The emissions come from energy usage, such as electricity and natural gas. Buildings should be resource-efficient and well insulated.
CO2 EMISSION BUILDINGS final map
Emission 100 kg / Day
#STOREYS
#DWELLINGS
BUILDING USES
Buildings are responsible for 74.92% of the CO2 emissions in the analized area. The majority of the buildings are used for housing, and CO2 emissions in those cases come from energy resources. To transform Barcelona into a 0 Emissions city, buildings should be redesigned and transformed into resorce-efficient entities. Considering the city as a living organism, the buildings are the cells, and they have to be energy efficient in order to keep the balance of the sistem.
CO2 EMISSION TRANSPORTATION final map
Emission 100 kg / Day
CO2 ABSORPTION GREEN AREAS final map
from monofunctional into hybrid
Neighborhoods can’t be monofunctional. Inhabitants should live and work in the same area of the city, in that way, avoiding unneeded displacement. 24.78% of the CO2 emissions, in this specific barrio, come from transportation. If people didn’t have to leave the area daily, the reduction on the amount of pollution would be significant. The proposal is to transform the barrio in a hybrid of residential + commercial + functional. Housing buildings should be replaced and/or work as working spaces.
the proposal
Changing the uses
“Plug-in Offices” Bridges Horizontal Conections
Elevator - vertical conections
“Plug-in” Smart Facades
upgrading and conecting
conceptual proposal
IAAC TEAM Areti Markopoulou Jordi Pages Lluis Viu Marco Galofaro Marta MalĂŠ Willy Muller Vicente Guallart
NCB
OREZ IME OISS