2515 JUNE 2017

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Clifton | Scarborough | Wombarra | Coledale | Austinmer | Thirroul

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NEWS 04 Then and Now Thirroul 06 Special – health & wellness Run, train, stretch – how to beat the winter chill 08 Special – health & wellness Enjoy five healthy podcasts 10 Special – health & wellness Treat yourself to a spa visit 12 Special – health & wellness Scrumptious pumpkin soup 13 Special – health & wellness Breastfeeding advice 14 Cover feature Meet Austi’s befriender of refugees 16 Special – health & wellness Reasons to go outdoors 17 Save cash, shop local! Special deals just for you

18 Garden Winter blooms you can cultivate in your yard 20 Make mulled cider A recipe to warm your heart 22 Bowlo damage Cocky carnage 24 Time to… hand-sew 25 Lifeology The awesome power of ‘No’ 25 Stage presence SPAT Singers prepare for another great show BUSINESS 26 Local directory Your ultimate guide to small business SPORT / RECREATION 29 BMX National champs 30 Tides 31 Dr Rip Tides explained

Cover image Anthony Warry Photography

MEET OUR CONTRIBUTORS KACHINA DIMMOCK

is a Media and Communications graduate of the University of Wollongong, a travel enthusiast and an all-round creative personality. Kachina can be found exploring the local trails and beaches, practising photography, relaxing with yoga, content writing for her personal travel blog (see www.kachinasnomaddiction.wordpress.com), and reading all forms of material. Kachina has written for International Business Times and Sydney Food Lovers. Read her ‘Then and Now’ article on page 4.

JANICE CREENAUNE

is a retired English teacher of 35 years, who has lived and worked in the Illawarra, and completed three year-long overseas teacher exchanges.

A wife and mother of three, she sees the life of a retiree as an evolution, something to be cherished, enjoyed.

The Publicity Officer for Northern Illawarra University 3rd Age (U3A) her interests include travel, Letters-to-the Editor SMH, letterpress printing and film study. Janice writes the monthly ‘Time to...’ article – see page 24.

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MICHELLE COX

is a midwife at Wollongong Private Hospital. She has been a private hospital midwife with Ramsay Health Care for over three years. She began her career as a Registered Nurse in 1995 and has worked at private and public hospitals across NSW and QLD. With four children of her own, Michelle is passionate about her role within the Wollongong Private Hospital Birthing Suite. She is dedicated to helping women, providing the support they need to deliver their babies. Michelle offers breastfeeding tips on page 13.

CATH HILL

was born in Bulli – a fact she readily shares with any locals - and has now returned to the beautiful Illawarra with her husband and two children.

She currently works for the Communications and Media Law Association and previously worked as the Editor’s Assistant at Good Weekend magazine and The Bulletin. For our Health and Wellness issue, Cath has come up with seven great ways to stay fit in winter. See page 6 and 8.

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EDITORS Genevieve Swart, Marcus Craft DESIGN youngwise design REGULAR CONTRIBUTORS Rob Brander, Anthony Warry, Cath Hill CONTACT editor@2515mag.com.au Ph: 0411 025 910 2515mag PO Box 248, Helensburgh, 2508.

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Clifton | Scarbor ough | Womba rra | Coledal e | Austinm er | Thirroul

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View from the ’80s: (main photo) The escarpment from Kachina’s parents’ apartment in the Esplanade; (top right) the 1987 Scout Jamboree at Thirroul Beach; (top left) Linda and Kachina Dimmock.

All photos: Barry and Linda Dimmock.

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Thirroul travel writer Kachina Dimmock takes a trip back in time ‑ to 1980s Thirroul – to discover how the town has changed. And also how it hasn’t.

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As a child of the ’90s, I have many fond memories of long summer days spent with the family at Thirroul beach. I remember playing in the sand, walking along the cave-hugged beaches and eating fish and chips from Jim’s Fish Shop. Mum and dad would always delight in telling my sister and I stories of when they lived in the idyllic seaside village, and would always take pleasure in showing us their old home; an apartment in the Esplanade.

It was always puzzling to me that my parents had left their dreamy oceanside home, for a simpler lifestyle inland. It was something I couldn’t comprehend. I promised myself that one day I would live in Thirroul.

Fast-forward 20 years and I’ve fulfilled that promise. For the past two years, I have enjoyed becoming a part of this friendly, laid-back, vibrant community.

Not surprisingly, for my parents this move has evoked a strong sense of nostalgia. With every visit, comes a new story and an exclamation of how something has changed, or remained the same.

A quick walk down the streets of 1980s Thirroul would often turn into a social event, with workers from the delicatessen (now Dragon Bay Fusion) calling out to say hello, my mum recalls. People wore Bohemian-style clothing, news was circulated mostly via word of mouth and newspapers, and social gatherings were often held at Ryan’s Hotel or the Headlands Pub (cafes and coffee catch-ups were non-existent!).

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THIRROUL THEN AND NOW 1980s NOW $450-$500 P/W Rent 2br Unit $75-$100 P/W Buy 2br Unit $140,000 $650,000 Theatre Anita’s Theatre Roller-skating rink Social Ryan’s Hotel, Headlands Cafes and pubs News Radio/paper, word of mouth 2515, social media Located WF Jackson Park Opp train station Library Supermarket Franklins Coles, IGA

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The most notable difference between today’s Thirroul and the town 30 years ago is the increased infrastructure. The development of the electric train system from Waterfall to Wollongong in 1986 meant that a lot of people moved from Sydney to Thirroul as the commute had become so much easier and the location was idyllic. Despite these changes, Thirroul’s spirit has remained much the same – it remains a friendly, community-driven, and laid-back village.

Little change through the ages In the 1980s, Buck Hamblin was a shoe shop; today, it’s a coffee shop. However, some things have remained the same. Notably: MARS (McCauley St); Mamma Mia Pizza Restaurant (Raymond Rd); Barry Navin Chemist (Lawrence Hargrave Dr); Backyard Blooms Nursery (Raymond Rd); and Ryan’s Hotel (Phillips St). 2515

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Fit for winter

Fitness memes often suggest that “summer bodies are made in winter”.

Here are some ways to keep fit and healthy in the Illawarra during the colder months. Cath Hill reports.

Credit: Coalcliff Surf Life Saving Club

RUN

Sea Cliff Bridge Run: A run or walk over the Sea Cliff Bridge is a terrific way to exercise. You never tire of the beautiful scenery and the waves crashing beneath while you pound the pavement. Boost your run by starting at the top of Coalcliff near the train station then continue to the park across from Clifton School of Arts. This run is a little over 5km return. l Sandon Point Park Run: Join the Sandon Point Park Run every Saturday at 8am for a free 5km timed run from Bulli Surf Living Club. The running group will celebrate their fourth anniversary on Saturday, June 3. Register at www.parkrun.com.au/ sandonpoint l July 23: Sutherland 2 Surf, 11km, sutherland2surf.com.au l July 30: Mountain To Mountain Challenge, 13.6km, www.m2mchallenge.com.au. l August 20: Woronora Dam Pipeline Trail Run, 10km to 20km, www. woronoradamtrailrun.com l

FIGHT

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TRAIN

Get outdoors with Body Balance Personalised Fitness at Austinmer Beach. Outside group fitness with “no mirrors, no make-up, no egos – just you and your wellbeing”. Classes include cross, boxing and core with child minding at some sessions.

Contact: karenyarrow@gmail. com l Emma’s Amazing 80’s Aerobics. Jump around in Austinmer Scout Hall for “aerobics/jazz ballet/dance/ postmodern/hot gossip/ contemporary dance” with Emma Saunders. Tuesdays at 10am until June 27. l At Burgh Healthy Hub there’s a handy class for parents on Mondays and Wednesdays at 4pm. Drop your kids in the Burgh’s Active Kids class and get a workout yourself! Burgh’s Ross Barbour will be running a class on Sunday, June 18, on the myofascial release technique.

Visit burgh.com.au l

STRETCH

You never leave a yoga class saying, ‘Gee, I wish I hadn’t done that!’ Enjoy the revitalised post-yoga feeling at these classes. l Moore Street Yoga Room: Suite 103, 62 Moore Street, Austinmer. This yoga space on Austinmer’s lovely Moore Street offers different yoga styles and experience levels. Visit www. illawarrayoga.com.au. l Yoga Stanwell Park: All classes held at Stanwell Park Surf Club – a perfect spot for yoga with a view. Tues 9am & 6pm, Thurs 7pm/Sat 8am & Sun 4:30pm. Contact: Karen McDougall 0403 789 617 or Facebook ‘yogastanwellpark’. l Radiant Soul Yoga: 100 Princes Hwy, Thirroul. Boutique kundalini and hatha yoga classes. www.radiantsoulyoga.com.au l Thrive on Yoga: The Bushland Chapel, 94 Parkes Street, Helensburgh. Hatha Yoga: Mon 6.30pm and Wed 6pm.

Meditation on Wednesdays 7.15-8.15pm (run by donation).

Call Ambarissa, 0435 460 582, or ambarissa@thriveonyoga.org

Martial arts/combat sports aren’t just about learning how to defend yourself – they also help practitioners to improve their fitness, self-confidence, co-ordination and more.

Some options in the region include: l Kinetic Martial Arts: visit the website at KineticMartialArts.com.au to find a local club. Tradies Helensburgh is one local venue. l Taekwondo: visit www.unitedtaekwondo.com.au/locations/bulli/ l Hapkido Stanwell Park: Call instructor Chris on 0434 729 743. l Silversword Fencing Helensburgh: www.silversword.com.au. 2515

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DANCE

Keep your body and mind active by learning a dance routine. The Dance Shed offers hip hop, jazz and tap classes for grown-ups as well as many options for kids. Miss Cherie makes it fun and accessible for all. The Dance Shed, Club Lane,

SWIM

Like to brave the cold? Join a winter swimming club and take advantage of our ocean pools all year round. Clubs include the Austinmer Otters and Coledale Oysters (men only) and the Stanwell Park Sea Eels and Bulli Sea Lions (men and women).

Helensburgh. Cherie Cheung: 0452 632 623 Prefer your water warmer? or thedanceshed@outlook.com Crawchy’s Swim School in l Thirroul Dance Academy’s Helensburgh offers fun adult goal is everyone should enjoy classes – HIIT, SwymGym and dancing! The adult classes are Aqua Power – in their heated about “fun, friends, fitness and indoor pool. Call (02) 4294 9999. developing a strong foundation Other heated pools (with in dance”. Try jazz, tap, ballet or admission fees) include: contemporary here. TDA, Main l Sutherland Leisure Centre, Studio, 6/2 McCauley Street, Thirroul, 1 Rawson Ave, Sutherland.

(02) 4268 3247 or www.tdadancing.com. l Corrimal Pool, Short Street, Corrimal. l

PLAY

Listen for birds and frogs, watch for whales, smell winter flowers or stop for a picnic and build stick houses and stone towers – there’s so much to captivate kids in the bush. We’re spoilt for choice, with Illawarra escarpment walks, such as the tracks to Sublime Point and Mt Mitchell on our doorstep and the Royal National Park to the north.

Too chilly? Try trampolining or indoor climbing. Check out Hangtime (hangtime.net.au), Flipout (flipout.net.au), Skyzone (skyzone.com.au/location/ miranda), Hangdog (hangdog. com.au) and Inflatable World (www.inflatableworldoz.com.au/ stadiums/wollongong). 2515

TOP 5 PODCASTS Podcasts aren't just entertaining – they're

Here’s your chance to listen to nutritionist extraordinaire Cyndi O’Meara, mindset expert Carren Smith and health and lifestyle educator Kim informative and fun. They’re convenient for Morrison. learning, whatever your interest. You can listen on 3. Low Tox Life Alexx Stuart is a writer and researcher the go while commuting, walking or doing any on health and sustainability who interviews local boring household chores. Here are our favourite and international speakers on a wide range of Health & Wellness podcasts – tried and tested by topics – including sustainability, health, fashion, Karen McDougall of Yoga Stanwell Park & Michelle farming and lowering our toxic load.

Snowsill, Sports Nutritionist.

4. The Ultimate Health Podcast Dr Jesse Chappus and 1. The Wellness Guys Show Damien, Brett and Marni Wasserman dig deep into current health Lawrence, three of Australia’s top wellness experts, information. They interview world-class experts on share their knowledge and passion about health nutrition, superfoods, fitness, meditation and and wellness. The why, what and how to achieving much more. ultimate health and wellness.

5. Not Just Paleo Podcast Evan Brand talks about life 2. Up for a CHAT Ever wanted to be a fly on the beyond the Paleo diet and interviews worldwall when three bestselling Australian authors renowned experts on nutrition and health using (also celebrated businesswomen) get together?

Functional Medicine. 2515

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Ibah Thirroul founder Sophie Bennett.

Rising spa Ibah Thirroul founder Sophie Bennett is taking a family business to the next level. 2515 reports.

Like the spa she runs, Sophie Bennett exudes tranquillity.

Softly spoken, serenely professional and aged just 25, Sophie launched Ibah Thirroul in 2014. In three years this young entrepreneur has established a flourishing business within a competitive and fast-growing sector.

Ibah Thirroul has almost 9000 Facebook likes and employs eight people. Weekdays are booked out a fortnight in advance, Saturday spots are like gold dust, as only a cancellation will mean less than a three-month wait.

Sophie started out in the industry at age 16, working for her mother, Rita Bennett. Rita runs the original Ibah at Austinmer, a venture that began in a room in their family home about 15 years ago and has grown to fill its own space next door.

“I was always around it when I was little and just loved it,” Sophie said. “As soon as Year 10 came, I knew exactly what I wanted to do – to make another Ibah, and eventually more and more.

“I did a diploma in beauty, at a college in

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Wollongong, straight after school. And while I did my diploma, I was just watching what my mum did, always being with her.

“For two years I was a therapist and for the other two years I was running Ibah Austinmer when she wasn’t there. And then I said, ‘I’d love to make another one.’ My mum gave me the go ahead, she was so happy. She was like, ‘Go for it.’

“So then I started my own little adventure down here. Now I have my own sanctuary to look after people, and I can decorate as well, which I love.”

Sophie oversaw extensive renovations at 2c McCauley Street to create a five-bed haven a world away from the roar of traffic and coffee machines in the heart of Thirroul. “It’s like a retreat, but still homely, light, airy and comfortable – we don’t want to make it too clinical,” Sophie said.

Drawing on an instinctive feel for interior design and a love of shopping (particularly at markets in Bali), Sophie has designed harmonious interiors, using a skilful blend of chainstore accessories and unique items, such as lavastone basins, wooden Balinese doors and silver Indian foot baths.

“A lot of mother and daughters come, which is nice,” Sophie said. “The massage/facial combos are always really popular, we’ve got one called the Deluxe Harmony. So that’s your arrival refreshments, Balinese foot soak, hour massage, hour facial and dessert afterwards – nearly three hours, but they love it.”

Ibah also hosts parties: birthdays, hen’s and Christmas parties. “We do a lot of hen’s parties,” Sophie said. “More people are doing spa days, or wellness days, than going out to bars and clubs.”

Increasingly, her clients are seeking to escape the stresses of life and Sophie loves being able to help them relax. “I think a lot of people are forgetting to focus on themselves, they are not allowing time for themselves. I had a love for beauty, but I also had a love for looking after people, if I wasn’t in this industry I think I’d be a counsellor.”

The spa’s success is due to attention to detail, Sophie said. “Everything is important, that’s what I say to the girls. Down to body palming, which we do at the start of every treatment. It’s just to ground the client and get them in a relaxed state.”

Sophie also credits a great working relationship with her mother. “She is one of my best friends.

I am very lucky to have her, she taught me everything I know. She loves her work and I think that’s where I get it from. It’s not a job for me, I come here and I love it and it’s rewarding.”

Ibah Thirroul is doing so well that Sophie is now planning a third spa. “It’s very exciting. My other Ibah is in the near future!”

Its location is, for now, a secret. 2515

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Real food with Steph

ROASTED SPICED PUMPKIN SOUP: SERVES 3 TO 4 INGREDIENTS: 1 tbsp unsalted butter or ghee 1 tbsp coconut oil 1 to 1.5kg of pumpkin, cubed 1 onion, diced 2 cloves garlic. minced For more rea 2 tsp ginger. minced inspiratio l food 2 tsp curry powder w ww.lifewe n, visit 1 tsp ground cumin llnessco.c om 1 tsp ground coriander Pinch of cinnamon 1 tsp Himalayan salt 2 cups chicken stock 1 bay leaf Yoghurt and pumpkin seeds for garnish METHOD:

1. Chop pumpkin into bite-sized pieces. Coat with coconut oil, place in oven at 180°C for 45 minutes. Once cooled, peel off the skin and purée the pumpkin in a blender.

Stephanie Meades has a recipe for 2. In a large saucepan, melt butter/ghee over immunity-boosting soup. medium heat and sauté onions until they soften, about 5-6 minutes. Add ginger and garlic. Cook for Winter is a great time to make 1-2 minutes on low heat before adding dry spices warm, comforting and and salt. Cook for 2 minutes, until fragrant. nourishing soup. Adding fresh 3. Add stock, bay leaf and pumpkin purée and spices such as ginger and garlic stir to combine. Increase heat. Bring to a boil, then to your favourite soups may help boost your reduce heat to simmer for 10-15 minutes. immunity – plus, they make anything taste better.

4. Remove bay leaf and blend.

Roasted spiced pumpkin soup is one of my 5. Serve with dollop of yoghurt and pepita seeds. favourites. It combines the delicious sweetness of Note: If you don’t want to waste the pumpkin in-season pumpkin with aromatic herbs and spices, skins you can crisp them up in the oven, baking leaving you feeling nourished and warm from the them at moderate heat for about 15 minutes – then inside. I hope you enjoy it. add to the top of your soup. Delish. 2515

DISCOVER THE CO-OP Do your health a huge favour – shop at Thirroul’s Flame Tree Community Food Co-op, writes Stephanie Meades, the store’s volunteer co-ordinator.

Looking for a local supplier of fresh, organic produce and heaps of other goodies to support your health and wellbeing? Visit Flame Tree Community Food Co-Operative – or ‘The Co-op’ as it’s known.

The Co-op is at 1/374 Lawrence Hargrave Drive in Thirroul. It’s on the western side of Thirroul, between Samuels restaurant and the Italian

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Trattoria. Here you’ll find a treasure trove of locally sourced, organic, fresh and bulk produce.

Five years ago a small group, with a common interest in acquiring good quality, locally sourced, organic products in bulk to reduce costs, founded the not-for-profit co-operative. Today the Co-op is a haven for foodies, with fruits, vegetables and eggs from local farmers, wholefood treats made by locals, organic dairy products and freshly baked Coal Coast sourdough bread. Shelves are lined with organic dried fruit; loose-leaf teas and organic Fair Trade coffee beans; bulk dried foods such as flours and grains, seeds and nuts, legumes, aromatic spices and oils and vinegars.

Produce is marked so you can see where it comes from, whether it is organic, or pesticide free.

Please take your own containers or bags.

Visit the website: flametree.coop. 2515

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Tips for breastfeeding

the breast and nose free from obstruction. Take your time and try not to rush.

What can fathers do to help?

The father’s key role in breastfeeding is to offer Learning to breastfeed can take both practical and emotional support. Eg, fixing time, patience and practice. It is your partner a snack or drink while breastfeeding, ensuring she is comfortable and helping her to get the natural way to feed your some rest. Most importantly, let her know that you baby but natural doesn’t always mean easy! support her breastfeeding and that you love her.

Positioning and attachment What support will I receive at Wollongong Private Hospital?

Correct positioning and attachment of the baby at Breastfeeding can be a challenge at first, but our the breast is the key to prevention of most midwives are dedicated to helping both mother breastfeeding problems. It is normal for your and baby to learn the ropes and enjoy this unique nipples to feel sensitive while learning to feed, however, if the discomfort does not fade during the relationship. We encourage breastfeeding straight after birth by placing newborns skin-to-skin with first few minutes of each feed, it probably means their mother. Provided both mother and baby are your baby is not attaching properly. well post-delivery, this is practice is followed The ideal breastfeeding position is sitting immediately after vaginal and caesarean births. comfortably upright with a footrest for support.

Wollongong Private Hospital offers breastfeeding Maximise skin-to-skin contact, ensuring your classes run by the hospital’s lactation consultant. breast is free from clothing and your baby is For women who choose to bottle or formula unwrapped. Check that your baby’s mouth is wide open at the breast and direct the nipple to the roof feed, the hospital’s midwives respect your decision and offer support to ensure your baby thrives. 2515 of the mouth. Your baby’s chin should be against Midwife Michelle Cox, of Wollongong Private Hospital, offers expert advice.

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Mediatrice Hakizimana, her one-year-old daughter Annette Laurent, Lyndall Dawson and Mediatrice's son, Josias Laurent, 4. Mediatrice and her family are one of several refugee families Lyndall has helped.

COVER FEATURE

A warm welcome An Austinmer local helps refugee families settle in Australia through her work for Strategic Community Assistance to Refugee Families (SCARF). 2515 reports.

SCARF is an independent, not-for-profit, community-based incorporated association that relies on its dedicated volunteers. It has supported refugees in the Illawarra for 10 years; more than 1000 refugees are now registered with SCARF. “Our vision is to see refugee entrants happily settled and participating fully in the life of the wider community,” SCARF states.

The organisation has had a 700-strong force of hard-working volunteers over a decade. Lyndall Dawson, who moved to Austinmer 14 years ago with her husband, is one of those valuable people.

Mediatrice Hakizimana – pictured on the cover and above with two of her children, Annette and Josias – is originally from Burundi, the East African nation devastated by decades of civil war.

Mediatrice and her family fled horrific violence in Burundi and spent years in a refugee camp in Tanzania. They are among several refugees Lyndall has befriended through SCARF. The Illawarra has a long history as a refugeefriendly region, and it was in this spirit of inclusion that, in 2002, Wollongong City Council declared the city as a Refugee Welcome Zone.

Lyndall kindly took the time to answer 2515’s questions.

Please tell our readers a little bit about yourself.

My husband and I moved from Sydney to Austinmer about 14 years ago. I am a zoologist and had just retired from a background of university research and administration. Two of my children have also settled in the Wollongong area with their families, and I have six grandchildren.

When and how did you become involved with SCARF? Early in 2007 I had decided I wanted to do something to help settle refugees in our area, so I did a short training course with The Smith Family to teach English to beginners.

At that stage I was relatively new to Wollongong myself and had not heard of SCARF. In May 2007 the Smith Family assigned me to help a young newly arrived Sudanese mother of four, who couldn’t get to TAFE because she had a two-month old baby. I remember approaching Alek’s third floor apartment with much trepidation, completely unsure of what I was getting into.

I was not a teacher by profession and knew very little about refugees, I just wanted to do something useful. After about six months of visiting Alek once a week for English I became aware that others were also helping this family, and that is how I learned about SCARF.

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Photos by Anthony Warry Photography

fundraising sausage sizzle at Woolworths Fairy Meadow on the first Saturday of each month.

My main work with families has been very informal tutoring in English, largely working on conversational English and vocabulary building, but the role inevitably expanded to general family help and advice as needed. The list of roles is long!

Teach basic English, drive to shops, doctors appointments etc, help fill out forms, check and interpret bills (e.g. electricity bills etc), liaise with real estate agents re housing problems, help fill out forms (many types), accompany client to interviews with school teachers and even doctors appointments, assist in preparation of CVs and prepare for job applications and interviews, prepare for citizenship tests, build confidence for cultural interactions (e.g. what is the appropriate approach) etc. And be prepared to help in any way you can as part of the SCARF team.

It must be a great feeling to help people.

Firstly, I believe the most important aspect of family help is to listen and learn from them and to respect their cultural differences from ours. I have got most pleasure from knowing that we were both learning from each other and have been able to build genuine long-term friendships.

As the year progressed things were getting very difficult in Alek’s family, and I was deeply involved.

Their situation was such that Alek needed much more help than just English, so by January 2008 I found myself working more with SCARF than with the Smith Family.

I became aware of the amazing holistic help SCARF was providing for Wollongong refugee families and joined up with SCARF. My work with Alek continued as teacher and mentor (now called ‘befriender’) until she left with her children to live in Perth in March 2008.

What are some of the most rewarding things about the work you do with refugee families?

Apart from the rewards of gaining new friends, I have received enormous pleasure and satisfaction to see the children of these refugee families blossom, do well at school and in three cases so far from “my” families, obtain university degrees. I have been privileged to see SCARF grow and evolve, and am very proud to have been part of such a dedicated team of people that in so many ways has helped (and is helping) to make Wollongong more like home to people who have had to leave so much behind.

What does your SCARF work entail?

Over the years I filled a variety of roles with SCARF. First and foremost I have been a befriender to six different families, four from Africa, one Syrian and one Iranian.

For about 18 months I helped with receptionist duties in the SCARF office, for a while I helped with classes in Citizenship, and also tutored several clients in a variety of TAFE and University courses ranging from aged care, childcare, pathology collection, nursing and help with medical terminology.

As well as befriending two families at the moment, my husband and I enjoy helping at the

What are some of the toughest challenges about the work you do with refugee families?

It has been distressing at times to see how difficult it is for newcomers to deal with so much bureaucracy in our society, and especially how hard it is to find suitable, affordable housing. As a volunteer it has been difficult at times to put time boundaries around my own role. n June 18 to June 24 is Refugee Week. World Refugee Day is June 20. SCARF recruits new volunteers as needed several times a year. For more details and to find out how you can help, call (02) 4224 8646 or visit www.scarf1.org.au. 2515

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‘Move, eat well, have fun’

Physical exercise is also an effective stress-reliever, he says. n While in-home, afterhours medical services were spared any changes Radio Doctor Illawarra general manager Frank to Medicare rebates in the Wallner (at right) has an extensive background in May 9 Federal Budget, the exercise science and is an enthusiastic proponent of threat remains. healthy living – so who better to ask for tips on Frank said the Federal Government’s review of how to live a healthy life than this bloke? the Medicare Benefits Schedule, which may, in its Frank, a keen surfer, says a few important factors findings, call for restrictions to rebates for home to ensure you stay fit and healthy include moving visits, will impact those who use what is a very throughout the day (incorporating exercise, even effective and valuable service to the public. incidental exercise, into your daily routine) and “It [Radio Doctor] works very well and it’s watching your day-to-day eating habits in order to worked that way for 40 years.” maintain a healthy weight.

Radio Doctor Illawarra is a not-for-profit He says doing a range of activities that you love co-operative that has provides in-home after-hours – such as surfing, playing with your kids, walking medical care for locals and visitors. It is owned by the dog and others – ensures that you enjoy what its members, who are local GPs in Wollongong and you’re doing and that healthy living simply Shellharbour LGAs, and covers the area from becomes a way of life, rather than a chore.

Scarborough to Gerroa. Patients with a Medicare Frank says “move, eat well and have fun” are card are bulk-billed. essential principles to keep in mind when To register your support for Radio Doctor, visit undertaking a considered approach to healthy www.protecthomevisits.com.au. Also contact your living. local MPs to voice your concerns. 2515

A vision of good health A new government initiative is encouraging families to take an active role in a healthy lifestyle.

As part of the campaign, a website – www.makehealthynormal.nsw.gov.au – provides guidance on how to incorporate healthy eating and exercise into your daily routine, including more time outdoors.

And getting outdoors is not just good for your weight, it’s also good for your sight.

Thirroul’s See Side Optical encourages daily outdoor activities for young and old.

Optometrist Nuong Turner, of See Side Optical, says, for children, limiting screen time is crucial.

“If they’re very young then you just make sure that they don’t spend more than half an hour in one go [looking at a screen] and to then spend

16 2515 JUNE 2515p016-17_vouchers.indd 16

some time outdoors. You’ve got to balance it with outdoors, including sunlight.”

Nuong says children should spend “at least 90 minutes a day outdoors”.

For adults, limiting screen time to 30 minutes at a time is not an option if people work with screens but, Nuong says, rest breaks for your eyes are quick, easy and may save you from discomfort.

“The strategy when you have a lunch break is not to use that time to catch up on your email, your messaging – avoid going to another screen. Have a conversation, or go for a walk outside.

“If you have access to a window or somewhere [during work] every 20 minutes look up, look away, relax your vision for 20 seconds. It’s the 20-20 rule: 20 minutes, 20 seconds of break.” 2515

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Go wild

Need inspiration for your garden? Narelle Happ recommends taking a walk in the Royal National Park to find beautiful winter blooms that you can also cultivate at home.

Have you been into the bush recently? There are so many flowers in bloom and not only can you enjoy them while walking in the bush, you can grow them in your own garden too. Below are a few of the plants flowering now – but there are many more and it is worth a walk through the bush to see for yourself.

ACACIA ULICIFOLIA – PRICKLY MOSES A small shrub up to 3 metres but usually much smaller.

Prickly foliage that small birds enjoy as protection from larger birds and predators.

Grow in a well-drained area with half a day of sun. Can be hedged or used in a mixed shrubbery.

EPACRIS LONGIFLORA – FUSCHIA HEATH Another small shrub usually seen growing in the understorey. My children call this one ‘fairy flowers’ and it is flowering prolifically now. The shrub needs very well-drained soil, not too rich in nutrients, and mulched well.

BANKSIA SPECIES No matter what colour you prefer in banksias, there is plenty to choose from for winter colour from the light yellow cones of B. integrifolia and B. marginata to the deep orange cones of B. ericifolia. If large shrubs or trees aren’t for you, then there are plenty of dwarf hybrids of these banksias available that grow as small shrubs and even groundcovers. Other banksias in flower include B. oblongifolia, B.serrata and B. spinulosa.

Choose a well-drained site with full sun to enjoy prolific blooms all winter. Great as a cut flower too.

ERIOSTEMON AUSTRALASIUS – PINK WAX FLOWER Another understorey plant to a height of approximately 1 metre, with profuse pink flowers and occasionally white in late winter and spring. A morning sun position is ideal for these plants in your garden.

A great reference book to take on your bushwalk for help for identifying plants is Field Guide to Royal National Park, edited by Robert J. King, available from Linnean Society of New South Wales. Visit www. linneansocietynsw.org.au. 2515

RE: ATTRACTING INSECTS TO THE GARDEN ARTICLE IN MAY 2017

It has been noted that the Food Authority of NSW states: "The Food Standards Code does not permit borage to be used as a food or as a food ingredient."

The reason for this is the borage leaves contain a type of alkaloid known to be toxic to the liver. It is available as seedlings and seeds to grow in the garden for non-edible purposes.

The Food Standards Code classes it as a 'Novel Food'. 'Novel foods are non-traditional foods that require assessment by FSANZ in order to establish their safety before they are added to the food supply. In Australia and New Zealand, novel foods and novel food ingredients are regulated under Standard 1.5.1 – Novel Foods in the Food Standards Code. A novel food cannot be sold as food or used as a food ingredient unless it is listed in the Standard.' – Narelle Happ

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Make mulled cider Glenbernie Orchard's Jo Fahey shares a recipe to warm the heart.

Breaking out the crockpot for mulled cider in winter is one of those domestic activities that warms the heart and makes a house a home.

One whiff and your troubles all just melt away.

Here are my six tips to building a better brew: 1. Use cider made from 100 percent fresh crushed apple juice (Aussie preferably!)

Great mulled cider begins with great cider. It should smell and taste rich and sweet, like an apple pie cooling in the farmhouse of an apple orchard, with just enough acidity to balance out the sweetness. Dry ciders can be used for mulling, but may need a touch of added sugar or honey. Use non-alcoholic cider or fresh apple juice if wishing to make a non-alcoholic version.

2. Make your own spice mix.

Don’t use pre-packaged mulling kits; the spices are often dull on the palate. Besides, selecting and playing with the blend is half the fun.

3. Use apple-friendly spices.

Spices bring out the natural flavours in apples. l Cinnamon, for sweetness and spice l Clove, to restore some of the depth and body thinned out by mulling l Cardamom, for its floral perfume (Never had it with apples? Trust me, it works) l Coriander, for its musky-citrus flavour l Star anise, for the faint touch of licorice in some apple varieties l Vanilla Pod, for a little sweet nuance Customise your blend, but remember apples are hero! Lemon zest will add some tartness. For an added kick, add a teaspoon of grated ginger. Keep it about the apples; you aren’t baking spice cake.

4. Toast your spices, and keep them whole.

Avoid grinding the spices. Filtering out the ground bits is a pain. Cider can be left to steep for hours, which is plenty of time to leach flavour from whole spices. Grinding spices provides bolder flavours in

less time, but at the expense of nuance. Cardamom and coriander, for example, just taste more like themselves when left whole. I do toast my spices first to excite their essential oils.

5. Add some buzz.

A nip of alcohol added shortly before service makes the spicy, fruity aromas you’ve worked so hard to develop come out all the more. Slivovitz, a type of plum brandy, marries the cider’s flavours well. Any apple-friendly liquor will do.

A tablespoon is all you need, don’t go overboard!

6. Tools to use Use an electric slow cooker, and you can forget about the cider for hours while it stews away.

INGREDIENTS 1 litre apple cider 3 sticks cinnamon 5 cloves 4 cardamom pods, pressed until they just crack open ¼ teaspoon coriander seed ½ star anise 1 vanilla pod 1 tablespoon brandy (optional) Honey or sugar to taste, if needed A fresh whole apple and slices of orange or lemon to taste METHOD 1. Turn slow cooker to low and begin to warm the cider.

2. Heat a small frypan and add spices. Toast, stirring frequently, until fragrant and coriander seeds begin to darken. Transfer to a spice bag or add loose to the cider in your cooker.

3. Cover and let the cider cook slowly for about 4 hours, or until spice is well infused. Ten minutes before serving, add brandy. Add sugar or honey in a rounded teaspoon at a time, if cider is too tart (sugar will bring out flavour of spices if needed).

4. Serve plain, or with a slice of lemon, extra brandy, or a small grating of nutmeg.

5. Some people remove the spices if keeping warm for extended periods. 2515

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Shoo, cockatoos!

Cockatoos have dug more than 70 holes in the greens at Wombarra Bowlo in the club’s worst year for avian attacks.

“In the big attack, that was probably about 30-odd holes,” Scarborough Wombarra Bowling Club president Marton Fox told 2515 last month.

“A number of them attacked the bottom green.

Then they came back and had another go, looking for worms. They were basically digging down, looking for stuff. They come early in the morning, about 6 or 7am.”

“This has been the worst year for it, usually they only hit it once,” said green keeper Jeb Keighery.

“They have probably been about six or seven times.

The scarecrow doesn’t work.”

Dressed in Jeb’s hard hat, sunglasses and clothes from the club’s lost property box, the scarecrow is a new but ineffective deterrent. A faux hawk flying overhead doesn’t fool the birds either.

“Now I just come early and beat the cockatoos to work,” Jeb said. “One of the members has bought me a little drone so I can sit up here, and if they land on the green, that might scare them.”

Filling in and rolling the green has created

IN JUNE AT THIRROUL LIBRARY:

What’s on

For more details on any of the events listed, please call the library on 4227 8191.

Tweens Club 3.30-4.30pm on Thursdays, June 1, 15, 29. Activities for children aged between 8 and 13 years old.

Kids movie Monday, 19 June, 3.45pm. Ring Thirroul Library to find out which movie we are screening this month.

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Green keeper Jeb Keighery (left) and club president Marton Fox with the Bowlo’s sadly ineffective scarecrow. Above, the holes that cockatoos dug in the bowling green.

“heaps” of extra work. “But the bowlers are happy, I’ve brought it back to life.”

While cockatoos won’t leave the club alone, there will be a pause in development.

Property owner Estia Health will not start work on its aged care home until 2019, said Marton.

“I need to reinforce that the club is going to be open as it is until about the middle of 2019,” he said. “Then it will be closed for the building of a new club house and the aged care.

“The new club house will be over where the driveway is. There will be entertainment on the roof, some barefoot greens, views over the ocean, which will be quite good. There will be three bowling rinks. The Black Duck Bistro will be an integral part of the new club, because a lot of locals use the restaurant for their get-togethers, and the food’s great, the best Thai on the coast.” 2515

Well done, NIU3A

Wollongong Lord Mayor Gordon Bradbery and NIU3A president Judy Bull are pictured below at a Seniors Week presentation. Photo: Tracey Needham Northern Illawarra University Of The 3rd Age was recognised for its achievements at a 2017 Seniors Week presentation. Judy Bull, president of NIU3A, attended Wollongong Lord Mayor Gordon Bradbery’s Reception of Appreciation during 2017’s Seniors Week and accepted a certificate on the group’s behalf. NIU3A holds talks every Wednesday at Thirroul Community Centre and is entirely run by volunteers. For more, email janicecreenaune@ gmail.com or visit the NIU3A website. 2515

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hand sew

Des began by looking at her grandchildren’s toys and realising she could make them herself.

“I knew I could make them and sell for charity at the Thirroul Seaside Festival. Sometimes it is the Heart Foundation, or the RSPCA, the homeless or Thirroul Fire Brigade. Each year that is my aim, Before retirement Des Bleines owned and worked in a nursery in Rockhampton. Des moved to Thirroul 10 years and many in the sewing group do the same. We just try to recoup our costs in the price. It is necessary ago and has been busy developing her passion for to keep going in the craft. sewing. Janice Creenaune reports.

“The materials are quality, but expensive, but it is the thrill to see the delight on children’s – and Des Bleines, at 72 years, creates hand-made fabric dolls and creatures, each with a distinct personality. sometimes adult’s – faces that is the real incentive.

The thrill of someone liking my work is the real Des had made quilts and sock dolls, but her skills incentive and inspiration to keep going.” have developed and her enthusiasm is infectious.

Des is still a little uncomfortable putting her “I feel guilty when I’m not doing something,” work on show but the satisfaction and working Des says. “The smaller projects help me stay with others in the group helps her self-confidence. interested, flexible and on-task. There has been a “Judy Campbell – and other ladies in the group progression of my skills over the years, but I love – often add to my work. Judy can knit little hats or working with the fine linen fabrics and creating a other items for my creatures and dolls. She seems unique work.”

Des works on about three different items at once. to offer me perfect advice and assistance.”

Des is often surprised that it is those dolls and “I cut three lots of legs, organise the hair and creatures with imperfections that people, especially other materials. It’s a bit like a factory process line children, are attracted to. really. But, I take it off to the sewing group at The “So I don’t really try for perfection all the time.

Thirroul Neighbourhood Centre each Wednesday “Sometimes a different cut of the material, or morning and we create together. accidental differences between items make all the “The linen is expensive but other ladies often difference to how it is perceived and received. It give me materials to assist me. It may be some gives the creatures different and unique characters material from a child’s old ballet dress or black and I cannot plan for that.”

T-shirt or even an old striped shirt. They seem to Des has no trouble letting go of her work. know what I need and the contributions help in “I see the immense enjoyment by others and the keeping the costs lower.”

Des began in the group not long after she moved profits all go to a worthy charity. I just feel satisfied that I am able to make them.” to Thirroul.

Des also enjoys a strong commitment to her “The group shares sewing skills, knowledge, family and relaxing walks along Thirroul beach. materials and each other’s lives,” she says.

Her work will be at Thirroul’s next Seaside Festival.

“We support each other in times of crisis or worry, we enjoy each other’s company and we share n Writer Janice Creenaune is the publicity officer in successes. But it helps to keep us enthusiastic for the Northern Illawarra University of the Third and focused on our tasks.

Age, which holds talks on Wednesdays in the “We care about each other and over the years Excelsior Room of Thirroul Community Centre, many of us have become great friends. There is a 9.30-noon. For more NIU3A info, contact non-judgemental camaraderie which is enjoyed janicecreenaune@gmail.com. 2515 each week.”

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Lifeology

With Wombarra life coach Terri Ayliffe.

Let me introduce you to a friend of mine. Reader, this is a dear, self-esteem-building, boundarysetting, long-time friend of mine: “No”.

No has taught me honesty and integrity and has protected me from exploitation. No has given me strength and has taught me self-respect and in turn has taught others how to respect me.

No can sometimes wrongfully be attributed to a negative attitude. No is not negative, No is clarity, a defining moment of clear choice that protects me.

No is respectful, it stands tall and holds the hands of the ones I love, looks them in the eye with kindness and speaks.

No is not a withdrawal of love, it allows me to love myself as much as I love others.

No engages my morality, it pushes me to be confident, it nurtures my individuality and keeps me true to myself.

Let me give you examples: A cow will wander the paddock until it finds a fence. The ocean will flow until it finds the land. People, family, bosses and friends will often push you until they find a

boundary and children may behave badly until they hear the word “No”.

If we don’t have boundaries – in our relationships, our work and with our children – we can feel overwhelmed.

No spoonfeeds self-esteem. It says: “While I love, respect and value you, I cannot always allow myself to be influenced by your opinion, choices or needs.”

No says: “This is what I value and this is who I am, this is what I will and won’t do and this is what I stand for.” My ethics, principles and values are very fond of No. Above all, No gives me authenticity.

Our job as parents is to raise respectful children.

The best way to do that is to teach them to respect us and the way to accomplish this is to be respectful of ourselves. If we value ourselves, if we have the courage to say “No” to our children, they will learn to set boundaries and value themselves.

It can be difficult to use No in the beginning but once it is a habit you will feel less burdened and have more space in your life for the things you enjoy. No is a sweet, self-affirming friend, that listens to me and respects my choices.

Thank you, No. n Terri Ayliffe (BA Psych, Grad Dip Psych) is an artist, writer, life coach, philosopher, humanist and lover of all things. To book a life coaching appointment, call 0431 488 914. Have a question for Terri? Email terriayliffe@gmail.com. 2515

MEET THE DIRECTOR Cameron Campbell, communications officer at Stanwell Park Arts Theatre (SPAT), chats to Rod Lander (pictured).

Rod is the artistic director of SPAT Singers’ new show, Bucolica or Country Matters, on at the CWA Hall in June.

Tell us a little about yourself and SPAT. I have been a member of SPAT since the second year after its inception. I have been a director of many previous SPAT productions especially during early years and most recently of Bullshot Crummond. I have been a long-time pianist for the pantomimes SPAT has been famous for. I am also a resident of Stanwell Park (since 1975).

Who are Spat Singers and how do we get involved?

I started Singers in about 1976 because a number of people in the area were interested in singing together. Because different people have different interests and likes, the choice of what to sing has always included all kinds of things, from opera through to pop songs. The only criterion common to all the music is that singers enjoy singing it.

Anyone who enjoys getting together to sing is welcome to

come along to our weekly meetings in the CWA Hall at 7.30pm every Friday, regardless of whether or not you think you have a voice; we think everyone can sing. Although in the past we have put on some serious dramatic musical works, usually we put on a dinner show where the audience is invited to join in some popular songs and enjoy choral and solo numbers.

When is your next show and how do we book?

Our next show (‘Bucolica’ or ‘Country Matters’) is a dinner show on June 16, 17, 23 and 24. Pre-dinner drinks will be at 6.30pm, then dinner and the show. BYO is allowed. n Book at www.spat.org.au/spat-singers-2017-dinnershow-bucolica-country-matters. For help, call our info hotline on 0429 921 562. 2515

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26/5/17 8:45 am

National champs: Kai and Saya.

Photo: Supplied

Winning ways!

Local elite BMX competitors, brother and sister Kai and Saya Sakakibara, have won national titles. Kai reports.

The Australian National season concluded in April for Saya and I, with the National Championships in Brisbane, Queensland.

We had a great week: Saya won the Junior Elite Women class and I won the Elite Men class! This was a second consecutive National title for Saya, and my first National title since I was 11.

From the Nationals, I flew to The Netherlands to compete in the opening rounds of the 2017 World Cup Tour. In Round 1, I achieved a career-best 5th finish, making my first World Cup final in a field of 185 riders!

This year has by far been my best season to date, with an Oceania title, National title, and World Cup final under my belt. I can credit this shift in performance to the power of visualisation.

Self-belief is something many of us struggle

with, because we reflect on past experiences to predict if we are about to have a positive or negative experience. When you have failed in the past, it’s easy to create the same negative experience again. For me this has been the National titles that have slipped through my hands, finals that I haven’t been able to make, and riders who have beaten me.

Now, in the weeks leading up to an event, I spend time every day visualising how I want the event to go: setting PB (personal best) times, riding smooth laps, and beating the riders who have beaten me. I do this repeatedly until these visualised images become belief.

It’s made a huge difference to my performance this year.

Keep up to date with Saya and Kai: “Saya Sakakibara” and “Kai Sakakibara”. 2515

Local volunteers to launch Boomerang Bags About 600 free sustainable bags will soon be made to combat the war on plastic in our community.

Boomerang Bags Coal Coast is tackling plastic pollution at a grassroots level. Volunteers are making the sustainable bags which are free to borrow. Return the bags the next time you visit a shop, or keep and re-use.

A Helensburgh group, co-led by Wendy Gergos, hopes the project will win the support of the community.

“In a perfect world the NSW Government would support the ban on plastic,” Wendy said. “On a local level, starting conversations and providing sustainable choices is a start.”

Support from local businesses has been encouraging; Karen Hillen (Hillen Staffing Services) and Wendy Lepre (Belle Property) have funded the first 600 bags. 2515 Coast News and

sister mag 2508 District News are on board as local media partners.

To start sewing or donate fabric contact these businesses: Coal Coast Organics in Stanwell Park, Stanwell Park Preschool, Helensburgh’s Coal Coast Emporium and Helensburgh NewsXpress. To join the project or learn more, search for “BoomerangBagsCoalCoast” on Facebook. 2515

JUNE 2515 29 2515p29_bmx, bags june17.indd 29

26/5/17 10:37 am

6

1122 SA 1744 2345

0.43 1.47 0.59 Time

21MAY 1020

9 6

24 21

9 6

24 21

9 6

1.44 1.34 0636 1120 1.57 0.36 0808 0620 1.31 1.24 0815 0608 1.45 1.35 0826 07 1.

0.42 0713 0600 JUNE JULY 0.46 0.51 0.31 1.78 0.55 0.55 0.36 0.38 0.

1751 1152 TU 1313 WE 1240 FR 1342 SA 1356 SU 1354 SU 12 WE FR SU 1644 1.46 TU 1157 TH 1159 1.74 Time 2.04 Time 1.

1.65 Time 1.88 2029 0.62 1938 1.62 1905 1.65 2026 m 1839 m 19 m 1831 m 2242 Time m 1.86 Time 2016 m 1827

1.57 0119 1.50 02 0.49 0100 1.65 0023 1.46 0112 0.46 0115 0.27 0009 0.41 0138 0.12 0034 0.36 0256 0.21 0311 1.48 0.29 0445 0559 1.52 0159 0.53 0132 0.47 0311 16 0704 16 0715 16 1202 1 0629 1 25 1 25 10 0753 10 0848 10 0904 7 080.1.

22 7 0545 7 0645 22 7 0704 0.46 0.40 1.22 1236 1.32 1107 0810 0.39 0617 0818 0.47 0707 1.30 1.44 1.41 1.56 1.38 1202 0.44 22 1.33 0731 1.25 0911 1.45 0.37

1.28 1.39 0.72 1.34 1.38 0.57 0.39 0.

0.48 0.31 0.36 1.54 0.60 0.52 0.54 0.35 1.60 FR 1319 SU 1338 TU 1721 MO 1809 TH 1429 SA 1445 WE 1345 TH 1327 SA 1417 SU 1448 MO 1433 MO 13 TH 1211 SA 1247 SU 1826 MO 1731 WE 1232 FR 1238 0.73 1916 0.64 20 1.57 1907 0.72 1843 0.72 1920 1.68 2005 1.95 1847 1.75 2043 2.04 1930 1.

1.67 1953 1.69 2117 1.90 2050 1.96 2105 2342 2349 0.50 2011

Port Kembla Tidal Chart

0.52 0141 1.52 0158 1.42 02 1.54 0121 1.35 0205 0.40 0236 0.12 0133 0.

0.43 0216 0.19 0101 0.48 0227 0.24 0333 0.42 0404 0.54 1.74 0541 0648 1.55 0237 0.14 0347 17 17 17 2 0034 2 2 11 26 11 11 26 23 8 8 8 0035 23 8 1255 1.20 0754 0.45 0806 0.42 0734 0.34 1153 0904 0.44 0716 0904 0.51 0802 0831 1.38 0827 1.54 0929 1.29 1007 1.42 0945 1.

1.46 0728 1.32 0745 1.27 0630 1.46 23 0.33 1.40 08 PORT KEMBLA – NEW SOUTH WALES

2017

1813 0.77 1.33 1.46 1345 1529 1.38 1540 1.42 1416 0.51 1416 0.34 0.59 0.44 0.

PORT NEW SOUTH WALES 1302 0.35 1307 0.53 0.54 0.44 1.28 1.73 0.34 WE – SA 1415 MO 1436 TU KEMBLA FR SU2017 SU 1454 MO 1543 TU 1514 TH SA 1316 MO 1239 TU 1818 SU 1341 TU 14 LAT 34°TH 29ʼ LONGFR 150° 55ʼFR

0.73 1952 0.62 20 2116 0.72 2.01 1954 2126 2152 0.71 2012 1.74 Local 2209 1.98 2044 1.

1.70 2043 1.71 1.73 1.99 2142 Heights1942 of 150° High and Low Waters1934 1.99 Time LAT 34° 29ʼTimes and2044 LONG 55ʼ AUGUST MAY JUNE JULY 1.52 0139 1.65Heights 0319 1.45 1.47 Time 1.27 0241 1.36 03 0411 0.40m 0337 0458 0.16Local 0425 0.

0315 0.42 0322 0.15 0201 0119 0.49 0037 0039 0.38 0256 0.10 Time 0218 0.44 0216 0.16 0234 0.38Time Times and ofTime High Low Time m Time m Waters Time m m Time m m and Time m JUNE 2017 0.52 0.39 0559 0953 0.47 0.44 0253 0.54 0.42 09 1009 1.281.17 0950 1102 1.40 0901 1.

0910 1.35 0924 1.49 0845 0713 0840 1.44 06360.490742 1.57 0115 0855 1.42 1025 0808 1.31 0815 1.45 0826 1.280228 0009 1.57 0034 1.50 1.25 0629 0.29 1.65 0138 1.46 161512 16 1202 11456 1 08101448 11.43 1 0900 16 1.22 1354 0.58 1630 0704 1622 0.46 0715 0.47 1434 1236 1.321.28 0.39 16 0818 1356 0.47 AUGUST AY JUNE JULY 1.22 1.42 1.47 1.55 0.62 1638 0.50 0.

0.54 0.39 0.46 1240 0.31 0.35 1342 0.55 0.36 1354 0.53 TH WE SA SU MO TU 1535 MO0.401533 TU0834 WE 1556 FR SA 1507 TU 1313 WE MO WE 14 FR SA SU MO 1809 0.60 TU 1721 0.72 TH 1429 1.34 FR 1319 1.28 SA 1445 1.38 SU 1338 1.39 TU 1544 1.42 WE 1511 1.55 0.79 0.71 2349 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.55 21 2203 1.72 2300 1.88 2220 1.m 2116 1.71 2.02 1.98 Time 1.65 TIME 1905 1.86 2005 1.74 2.04 2029 1.752151 0.73 1930 0.64 0.48 2101 0.72 2016 2043 2026 0.72m 2106 Time 1938 m 2028 Time m1847 2224 Time m 0.66 2257 Time Time Time Mm1.571915 TIME M 2133 TIME M 2222 TIME Mm 2200 1903 1915 1.60 0.67

24 18 12 9 3 27 24 18 12 9 3 27 24 18 12 9

9 3

0034 0734 TU 1345 1915

1.74 0.34 1.28 0.67

0648 0.52 1255 1.20 WE 1813 0.77

0216 0904 FR 1529 2116

1.54 0.44 1.38 0.72

0101 0754 SA 1415 1954

1.52 0.45 1.33 0.73

0236 0904 SU 1540 2152

1.35 0.51 1.42 0.71

0133 0806 MO 1436 2044

1.42 0.42 1.46 0.62

0400 0952 WE 1637 2322

1.14 0.59 1.47 0.59

0346 0940 TH 1616 2303

1.22 0.47 1.63 0.39

17 0132 2 0009 20138 170307 17 0549 1.58 1.39 0311 1.24 0345 1.33 03 1.48 17 1.452 0311 0451 0.41 0436 0503 0353 0.42 0418 0.15 0.23 0.46 0115 0.27 0.11 0228 0.12 0034 0.35 0.41 0418 0.49 20247 1.57 1.50 0253 1.17 0353 1.65 0136 1.46 4 0941 4 28 19 4 28 19 19 13 0715 13 0834 13 10 0159 25 25 10 091.0.0.1.

10 0256 25 10 0904 16 0559 16 16 1 16 1 1 0.41 0.42 0731 1038 0.50 0911 1034 0.55 0945 0.42 0.51 1159 1.37 1052 1.26 1109 0950 1.32 1022 1.44 0753 1.41 1.56 1.42 0848 1.30 1.44 1.29 1202 1.22 0704 0.46 0.40 0900 0.58 1000 0810 0.39 0837 0818 0.47 0937 1.52 1433 1.50 1448 1.53 1526 1.66 15 1.26 1417 0.57 1634 0.65 1716 0.

0.58 1710 0.46 1606 1345 1601 0.48 1.33 1327 1456 0.31 1522 0.38 1641 0.57 1600 0.39 1615 0.54 1733

1319 1338 1.39 1.42 1.38 TH 0139TH1.651429 SU MO 0241 TU WE WE FR TU1.36 TH 1511 SA0319 SU WE 0.72 TH 00391.34 TU TH 1.

SA SU MO 0503 TU 1721 FR SU SA 1445 1.52 1.14 WE 05001544 1.24 1.45 1.28 0201 1.47 0337 1.27 18 0742 18TU 182216 3 0953 32043 1044 0.44 2150 0845 2325 0.44 0901 0.42 0.52 2026 0840 0.39 0.47 18 0950 2117 0.54 0.603 1044 0.69 0.65 0.61 0.44 22 0.77 2351 1.74 2242 1.680.58 2352 2300 1.

2151 1.70 2226 1.98 1.68 1953 1.95 1.91 2151 2050 1.75 2.04 2105 1.75 0.

2349 2011 1.57 32142 1847 0.73 1930 0.64 2222 0.66 2311 2005 0.72 0.72 1727 1.52 1718 1.72 1512 1.42 1535 1.55 1354 1.22 1456 1.28 1622 1.43 1630 1.47 WE

2028 0.71

TH

1915 0.79

SA

2224 0.70

SU

2106 0.68

MO

2257 0.67

TU

2200 0.55

TH

FR

1.53 0136 0241 1.47 0432 0.44 0333 0.43 0227 0.19 0418 0648 0237 0.52 0354 0101 1.52 0216 1.54 0247 1.58 1.48 1.39 0307 19 0837 4 1038 0941 0.42 0.50 19 0937 0.51 0930 0.43 0.47 1031 1.28 0929 1.38 0827 1.54 0754 0.45 1255 0831 1.20 41035 0904 0.44 TH 1601 1.33 FR 1456 1.26 SU 1710 1.50 MO 1606 1.39 1.35 1558 0.63 0.51 1416 0.34 1415 1.33 0.77 1.38 FR 1657 MO SA SU2325 SU TH 1416 FR 2026 2142 0.65 1454 2216 0.77 1552 WE 1813 SA FR0.691529 0.65 0241 0.72 2227 1.67 2044 2248 1.70 2043 2.01 0512 1954 0.73 2116 0.72 0354 1.53 1.36 2126 0414 1.47 2137

1.44 0013 1.33 0512 1.36 1.23 0532 0.430.52 0530 0641 0.32 0545 0515 0.19 0.40 0404 0.12 0347 0.340006 0431 0.16 0346 0400 1.14 0503 0133 1.42 0236 1.35 0414 0.28 1.45 0436 1.24 0353 1.33 191029 19 0603 40904 0.41 1034 1007 0.55 1000 0.42 1.29 1035 0.384 0557 0.40 1118 0.51 0.55 1137 1.251.17 1117 1254 1.36 1155 1122 1.39 1.29 1.42 0945 1.29 1.41 0940 0952 0.59 1056 0806 0.42 0.51 1.52 FR 1130 0.56 SA 1143 0.40 TU 1716 1.53 WE 1634 1.66 1.65 1.77 1753 1.56 1.59 1700 0.68 1832 0.64 1730 0.54 0.59 0.44 1514 0.54 0.43 1637 1.47 1436 1.46 1540 1.42 TU 1700 TH 1732 WE WE0.44 TH FR 1616 MO MO TU 1811 WE FR 0.60 2352 1543 0.61 2311 1.58 1759 1815 1.81 1617 WE TH MO SU1655 0.48 0055 2323 1.630.44 1.7401002322 2345 2319 1.89 1.74 1.98 2142 0.59 1.79 2303 2044 0.62 2152 0.71 2322 0.19 2237 1.44 0530 2209 1.23 0503 1.33

1.

1.

22 0.

1657 1.39 SA 1552 1.35 1.56 TU 1700 MO 1753 1.50 2137 0345 1.49 0514 0.46 0411 0315 0.42 0322 1.52 FR0453 0319 1.45 1.47 2248 0.65 0.72 0.15 0201 2322 0.43 1020 0.42 1115 1.25 1009 0910 1.35 0924 1.49 0.52 1122 0953 0.47 0845 0.44 0453 1.50 0015 0.59 0516 0345 1.49 6 21 6 21 1120 1122 0.43 0600 1.34 1020 0.42 1744 1.47 1644 1.46 1637 0.68 1533 1448 0.54 1507 0.39 1.22 1512 SA 1744SA1.471622 SU TU MO MO 1.42 SA 16441.43 SU 1.46 TU 1157 0.51 WE 1751 SU 0.59 0.62 2306 1.62 2116 1.71 2133 2.02 0.79 SA2345 2106 0.68 2224 0.70 2345 0.59 1831 1.62 2203 2242 0.62 2242

0.35 1759 1.59 TH 1732 1.77 1.65 SU 1239 WE 1.45SA 1215 0.32 0015 0.59 0.54 0044 1.60 0614 0.25 0616 0.450.53 0628 0.24 0500 0.40 0458 0.16 0241 0425 0.34 0503 1.14 0015 0337 1.27 0516 1.36 1851 1.64 0038 1907 1.87 0515 0.48 1120 0.36 1.35 0600 1.34 0620 1.24 0730 0.40 1223 1.35 1226 1.26 1245 1125 1.40 1044 1.28 1102 1.40 1025 1.30 1044 0.58 0608 0950 0.54 0901 0.42 0133 0.38 0149 0.13 1.45 0038 0.54 0015 0.32 6 0723 21 61630 211751 0.36 0608 1.35 1.25 1159 0748 1.40 1709 0620 1638 1.24 1.78 1152 0.38 1157 0.51 0.55 1350 1.36 1753 0.61 1749 0.71 1826 0.50 0.62 0.50 1556 0.56 1727 1.52 1718 1.47 1535 1.55 WE FR TH FR TU TH SA TH SA TU WE TH FR MO TU 1.78 1256 0.50 MO 1331 0.31 TH 1159 0.55 FR 1152 0.38 1831 1.62 1.65 1935 0.69 1827 1.65 1.88 1.72 2220 1.701957 2200SU 1929 0.551.69 1839 2257 0.67 1.88 1827 1.88 1.88 2323 1839 2300 1.65

1.

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14 11 5 292 26 20 17 14 11 04101.0.0.1.

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0.51

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0.38

5 1117

0.55

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0.40

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1.21

20 0658

1.35

15 12 6 303 27 21 18 15 12 05111.0.0.1.

15 12 6 303 27 21 18 18 12 6 3 27 21 18 0.

17 0039 0742 FR TH 1354 1915

0545 1.48 1202 0.44 SU 1826 1.54

0445 1107 MO 1731 2342

1.52 0.37 1.60 0.50

MO 1239 0.44 1903 1.60

TU 1818 1.73

0100 0645 WE 1232 1907

0.53 1.33 0.52 1.67

0023 0617 TH 1211 1843

0.36 1.45 0.35 1.90

0119 0704 FR 1238 1916

0.47 1.25 0.54 1.69

0112 0707 SA 1247 1920

0.21 1.38 0.36 1.96

0209 0801 MO 1335 2006

0.33 1.28 0.47 1.72

0234 0835 TU 1421 2044

0.12 1.44 0.30 1.85

7 0307 70436 220023 22 0418 22 0013 1.48 0.53 0549 0.367 0503 0.47 0600 0.21 05 1.52 22 1.78 0.33 0006 0.41 0015 0.23 0353 0.35 0.42 0418 0.15 0.52 0112 1.45 0100 1.33 0119 1.39 0445 1.24 1.48 70545 7 1202 7 31 22 7 0704 22 22 28 13 120.1.

13 0451 28 13 1109 13 0353 28 4 19 4 19 4 19 19 0136 0.44 1022 0645 1.33 1159 1.45 1.25 1214 1.38 0.37 0713 0.32 1.38 1052 1.26 1.37 1.31 0950 1.32 1.44 0557 1.17 0707 0603 0937 0.41 1000 0.42 1038 0.50 1107 1034 0.55 0617 0837 0.51 0.52 1733 1.33 1211 0.57 0.36 18 0.65 1326 0.57 0.35 1641 1238 0.58 0.54 1802 1247 1522 1826 0.58 1.54 1600 1731 0.46 1.60 1615 1232

0.56 1606 1634 1.66 1.53 SU 0035SU0.541710 WE TH 0205 FR SA MO WE FR SU 0.

TU WE TH 0245 SA 1.26 SU 05411.50 FR 1130 SA 1143 MO0141 WE0.14 TU 1716 FR 1456 0.48 1.52 0121 0.24 0158 0.42 1.55 0.29 0.14 8 0728 82352 23 1153 23 0317 231843 0716 1907 1.46 0630 1.46 0.33 2342 1.32 23 0745 2351 1.27 0802 1.40 09201811 1.45 1.67 1.908 0839 1.69 1.96 1.

0.50 1857 0.68 2242 1.68 1.74 2300 1.65 2226 1.98 1.58 1920 1815 2216 0.60 2311 0.441.31 1916 2325 0.65 0.61 2026 2151 0.77 8 1.70

0241 0930 SU SA 1552 2137

TH 1307 0.53 1942 1.71

FR 1302 0.35 1934 1.99

SA 1316 0.54 1952 1.73

SU 1341 0.34 2012 1.99

TU 1415 0.44 2043 1.74

WE 1510 0.32 2128 1.77

0.54 0037 0141 0.48 0.24 0319 0.42 0541 1.55 0.14 00 0532 0.43 0530 0641 0.32 0545 0.3603580055 0009 1.50 0100 0432 0.44 0515 0.19 0218 0.44 0205 0.

0414 1.44 0503 1.330.27 0158 1.47 0035 0512 1.36 1.23 0121 0119 0.49 0.38 0256 0.10 0.20 0.44 0216 0.16 0234 0.38  Copyright of Australia 2015, Bureau of Meteorology 24 0636 9 0808 91117 240716 24 1004 0802 1.40 06 1.46 0728 1.32 1.469 0917 1.27 0.33 1137 1.25 1.36 1155 1.32 0.42 0658 1031 1.28 1122 1.39 0713 1.44 1.57 1153 0855 1.42 1.34 0745 1.45 0642 1.31 24 0815Commonwealth 1.45 0826 1254 1.28 0643 1.21 1.

1029 0.38 1056 0.40 0.47 90630 1118 0.51 0.55 1313 0.46 1240 0.31 1434 0.35 1457 0.43 1557 0.36 1342 0.55 1356 0.36 1354 0.53 WE 1655 1818 WE 1730 1316 TH FR SA 0.34 0.44 0.53 0.35 0.54 1.73 1700 0.68 1832 0.64 1.37 1558 0.63 0.53 0.

1700 1.65 1732 1.77 1.35 1.56 1759 1.59 MOTU1239 TH FRMO1302 SA TU SU 1341 WE TH FR SA MO 13 MO SA SU 1239 TU TH MO1.651753 WE SU 1938 1905 1.86 0.54 2101 1.98 2120 1.73 0.61 22111215 1.66 1303 2016 1.74 of 2026 1307 2.04 2029 1.75 Datum Predictions is Lowest Astronomical Tide 1.99 19 1.60 1942 1.99 0355 1.73 2323 1.63 1.71 23450.26 1952 1.5804361851 1900 0.64 1907 2227 1.67 231934° 1.89 1.64 2012 1.

2322 0.72 1903 0159 0.46 0132 0.27 0345 0.11 0.27 0.41 0.48 0311 0.12150°0311 LAT 29ʼ0256 LONG 55ʼ0.35 1934

8 5 29 23 20 14 8 5 29 23 20 14 8 5 29 23 20 14 20 14 PORT KEMBLA – NEW SOUTH WALES 10 0753

1.41 WE 1345 0.48 2011 1.68

25 0731

1.56 TH 1327 0.31 1953 1.95

2017

10 0957 10Times 25 0911 in local standard time (UTC +10:00) savings time 0945 1.42 1.37 25 or 0848 1.30are 1.44 10 0904 1.29 25 1046 daylight 1.44

0.49 0614 0037 0.38 0.10 Tim 0218 0.44Waters 0.16 0628 0.38 0057 0044 1.60 0015 1.36Local 0616 0.45 Low 0.38 0133 0.46Times 0.25 0516 01 0.38 0256 0149 0.

0015 0.59Heights 1.45 and 0038 0.54 0216 0.32 0234 0345 0514 1.49 0119 and ofPhase High New0608 Moon First Quarter Moon Symbols 9 0713 24 24 9 24 9 30 30 15 1115 30 15 15 15 6 21 6 21 6 21 21MAY 1.57 1.42 1.44 1223 0808 1.31 0730 1.45 0826 1.28 0724 0.40 0.49 1226 1.26 1245 1.35 1.25 1.35 07 0723 1.25 0855 0748 1.

0600 1.34 0636 1120 0.36 0620 1.24 0815 1.35 1020 0.42 AUGUST 11JUNE 11 1826 1354 26 0.53 1354 1434 26 1753 1240 0.31 26 0.35 14 0.36 1.36JULY 1.37 1749 1342 0.71 110.55 1350261356 0.63 1637111313 0.68 0.46 0.61 0237 0831 TH 1416 2044

0.43 1.38 0.51 1.70

0227 0827 FR 1416 2043

0.19 1.54 0.34 2.01

SA 1417 0.57 2050 1.75

SU 1448 0.39 2117 2.04

MO 1433 0.54 2105 1.75

TU 1526 0.38 2150 1.91

TH 1540 0.43 2200 1.70

0333 0929 SU 1454 2126

0404 1007 MO 1543 2209

0347 0945 TU 1514 2142

0431 1035 WE 1617 2237

0432 1039 FR 1626 2241

0.40 1.29 0.59 1.74

0.12 1.42 0.44 1.98

0.34 1.29 0.54 1.74

0.16 1.41 0.43 1.79

0.27 1.39 0.45 1.63

FR 1644 0.43 2253 1.53 0513 0.36

11291256 1.42 0.50 TU WE WE 1751 MO MO 1331 FR SA SU SU FR 0.55 SU TH 1.78 SA 0.38 MO 1.46 TU 0.51 TU 0.

TU 1157 TH 1159 FR 1152 SU 1644 0.50 SA 17311.75 1.98 20 1.65 Time 1.74 1935 2.04 Time 0.69 0.68 1.62 1.69 2101 1.

1.62 1905 1.65 2026 1.88 2029 0.62 1938 m Time m 1831 Tim m 1839 m 2242 2306 m 1.86 Time 2016 Time m 1827 Time m 1957 23341929 1.39 2002

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0425 1025 WE 1556 2220

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1335 1247 0.36 1238 FR 0.35 SU 0554 TU 1.60 TU 0.47 WE 0.

TH 0.52 SA 0.54 WE 0353 TH TU SA SU 0600 MO WE MO SA0.33 WE0.421232 TH 1211 MO 1731 TU 1421 0.41 0549 0.23FR 0503 0.35 0.34 0018MO 1.27 0.15 AND 282117 13 1213 28TIMES 13 0451 28 0418 1930 0.64 1.57 1847 0.73 2222 0.66 2044 2005 0.72 2043 0.721.38 1.68 1.95 1.91 21 1.75 2.04 1.75 1857 0.68 0.69 1052 1.26 28 1159 2050 1.37 13 1109 1.31 1214 06272006 0.52 2113 0950 1.32 1022 1.44 1953 1.72 2150 1920 1.961.43 2105 1907 1.67 1843 1.90 1916 1.69 2342 2349 0.50132011 1.

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MO 1259 1.37 HEIGHTS HIGH 1921 OF 0.62

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23 17 11 8 2 26 23 17 11 8 2 26 23 17 11 8 2 26 23 17 0309160.1.1

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Times15 are local standard time or1.35 daylight savings (UTC +11:00) when in eff 30 0724 0.49 30 1223 30 0730 +10:00) 15 0733 time 1.26 (UTC 0.40 15 1245 1115in1.25 1.35 15 1226 0.43 30 0807 0.62

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24 18 12 9 3 27 24 18 12 9 3 27 24 18 12 9 3 27 24 18 0510170.1.1

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 Copyright Commonwealth of Australia 2015, Bureau of Meteorology Datum of Predictions is Lowest Astronomical Tide are in local (UTC +10:00) or daylight savings time 0.54 (UTC in effect 0.31 1417 0.57 1448 0.39 1433 1526 0.38 FR SUstandard MO TU WE TU WE +11:00) TH SATimesSA SU time SU MO TU when TH 1540 Phase Symbols New Moon First Quarter Full Moon Quarter 2325 0.65 0.60 0.61 0.44 2026 0.77 1.68 2352 1.74 2311 2300 1.65 2151 1.70 1.98 2216 1.95 Moon 2050 1.75 2226 2117 2.04 2242 2105 1.75 2351 2150 1.91 Last 2200

0.43 SA 0.

FR FR 1644 1811 1.

1.70 1.58 2253 18

The Bureau of Meteorology gives no warranty of any kind whether express, implied, statutory or otherwise in respect to the availability, accuracy, currency, completeness, quality or reliability of the information or that the information will be fit for any particular purpose or will not infringe any third party Intellectual Property rights.

The Bureau’s liability for any loss, damage, cost or expense resulting from use of, or reliance on, the information is entirely excluded.

0.44 0513 1.44 0347 1.33 0432 1.53 0227 0241 1.36 0404 1.23 0431 1.47 0333 1.50 01 0.43 0530 0.32 0503 0.36 0055 0.44 0512 0.19 0414 0.16 0545 0.27 0009 0.40 0515 0.12 0532 0.34 0641 0.19 0432 5 29 20 060.1.1 20 1029 20 1056 5 29 5 29 20 0930 14 14 14 26 11 26 11 26 11 26 0643 1.21 1129 0.38 0.40 0.43 0827 1118 0.51 1007 1117 0.55 1035 0.47 0.42 1137 1.25 1.36 1155 1.32 1031 1.28 1.39 1.41 1039 1.39 0642 0929 1.29 1122 1.42 0945 1.29 1254 1.54 0.53 1.37 12 1.65 0.68 1759 1832 1.77 0.61 1215 1303 1.39 1.56 0.54 1700 1700 1.59 0.64 1732 1730 1552 1558 1.35 0.63 1753 1655 TU 0.44 MO 0.59 WE 0.54 SA 0.34 WE TH SU SU 1454 MO MO 1543 TU 1514 FR 1416 0.48 2142 0.65 2043 2137 0.72 2126 1.63 1.74 1.67 1.74 2319 2209 1.89 2322 1.98 2323 2.01 2227

30 2515 JUNE

SA 0.45 SU 0.

TH 0.43 SA FR WE 1617 FR 1626 SA 1731 1.64 2334 0.64 19 1.58 1851 2237 1.79 2345 2241 1.63 1900 1.

0.38 0548 1.45 0425 0.32 0512 1.50 0322 0345 1.49 0411 0.59 0458 0.54 0515 1.60 0015 1.36 01 0.45 0038 0.38 0133 0.46 0015 0.25 0516 0.24 0628 0.29 0057 0.40 0614 0.16 0616 0.34 0044 0.15 0514 6 30 21 070.1.1 21 1120 21 0608 21 1020 6 30 6 30 15 15 15 27 27 12 12 27 12 27 0723 1.25 1212 0.36 1.35 0.43 0924 0.42 0600 1.34 1102 0620 1.24 1125 0.40 0.49 1226 1.26 1245 1.35 1115 1.25 1.35 1.40 1124 1.41 0724 1009 1.28 1223 1.40 1025 1.30 0730 1.49 0.50 1.37 13 1.78 0.71 1159 1350 0.38 0.63 1256 1354 1.47 1644 1637 1.46 0.68 1157 1753 0.51 0.61 1751 1749 0.55 1.36 1152 1826 WE 0.50 SU 0.39 TU 0.62 TH MO MO 1533 TU TU 1638 SA 1507 0.59 2133 2515p30_TIDAL 2242 0.62MAY17.indd 1.62 2300 1.88 30 1.62 1831 2203 1.72 2.02 2306

TH WE 1556 2220

0.56 SU 0.48 MO 0.

FR 0.50 FR SU SU 1823 SA TH 1709 SA 1715 1929 1.69 1839 1.65 2323 9:12 pm 0.68 19 0.69 1827 1.65 1.88 2326 25/5/17 1.54 2002 1.70 1935

The tide is a wave with a crest (high tide) and trough (low tide) created by the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun.

Dr Rip’s Science of the Surf

usually by about 50 minutes, which is due to the time difference between the earth’s rotation and the moon’s orbit around the earth.

Then there’s the tide range, which is the vertical difference between high and low tide. You may have noticed that the high tide creeps a little higher on the beach each day until it starts retreating on a daily basis. This is where the sun comes in. Both the earth and the moon orbit around the sun.

Dr Rob Brander calls on cosmic When the moon and the sun line up, their forces to explain tides. gravitational pull on the earth is combined and we get big tides called spring tides.

Most people don’t think too The high tide comes up higher and the low tide much about the tide. It comes up, it goes down and if you grab goes out further (a big tide range). This happens a set of timetables you can find during a full moon and a new moon, so about every two weeks. When the moon and sun are the tide times and heights not only for that day, but 10 years in advance. However, lined up at right angles to the earth, their gravitational pull acts against each other and we get while that may be simple, tides can be quite neap tides. The high tide doesn’t come up very far complicated and some readers have asked me to explain how they work. Well, it’s all rather cosmic. and the low tide doesn’t go out very far (a small tide range). So every lunar month (about 29 days), The tide is a wave with a crest (high tide) and trough (low tide), but is created by the gravitational we will get two spring tides and two neap tides.

King tides are just a bigger spring tide that pull that both the moon and the sun have on the occurs when the moon and sun happen to be water in the oceans. The moon orbits the earth particularly close to the earth and that happens creating a moving bulge of water by “pulling the water” towards it. So now there’s a moving bulge of about twice a year (around Christmas and late May/early June). water on one side of the earth and due to the While our tide range varies from about 1m at centrifugal force of the earth’s rotation (we’re neaps to almost 2m at king tides, tide range varies spinning), there’s another bulge on the opposite around the world with places like Broome getting side of the planet. tides of 9m. Again, it’s all about the shape of So if you were standing on an island in the continents, offshore reefs and islands squeezing middle of the ocean, you’d experience two high tides and two low tides each day. Our coast has two and amplifying the tidal wave itself. Don’t worry, if all this cosmic stuff has you bamboozled, just tides a day, but others don’t because things like read the tide tables on page 30! continents and coral reefs get in the way, messing up the path of the tidal wave. You may also notice Send questions to rbrander@unsw.edu.au. 2515 that the timing of the tides changes each day,

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