2515 SEPTEMBER 2018 by The Illawarra Flame

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SEPTEMBER 2018 www.2515mag.com.au

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MEET OUR CONTRIBUTORS ROBYN LANG

is a secondary science teacher with a passion for writing and photography. On her personal blog, Old Chook Enterprises, she writes about travel, wellbeing and relationships. Robyn wants to help older women break out of the stereotypes given to them by society and challenges every ‘old chook’ to live a meaningful life via volunteering, a healthy, active lifestyle and busting out of the normal. She says the best way to stay young at heart is to push yourself to do something new every day. See page 24.

MERILYN HOUSE

is a bush regenerator and horticulturist, and she is passionate about enjoying and protecting of our local bushland. In 1993, Merilyn, along with her husband Allan, started the Helensburgh & District Landcare Group, as they were concerned with the increasing presence of environmental weeds in our bushland. Merilyn believes everyone has a responsibility to become aware of exactly what they have growing in their gardens, and to remove any problem plants. See page 8.

JANICE CREENAUNE

is a retired English teacher of 35 years, who has lived and worked in the Illawarra, and completed three year-long overseas teacher exchanges. A wife and mother of three, she sees the life of a retiree as an evolution, something to be cherished, enjoyed. Janice is a volunteer for PKD Australia and her interests include travel, Lettersto-the Editor SMH, letterpress printing and film study. Janice writes the monthly ‘Time to...’ article about creative retirees – see page 22.

DR CHRIS REID

lives in Helensburgh and works in the Australian Museum in Sydney as a research scientist specialising in beetles. His job is a combination of research, teaching or supervising students, and dealing with public enquiries. A NSW government beetle expert, Chris describes his identifying beetles as “a bit like detective work”. “Working on insects means I get to indulge in two favourite pastimes: travel and bushwalking.” Read his column on page 18.

COAST NEWS

EDITORS Gen Swart, Marcus Craft CONTACT editor@2515mag.com.au Ph: 0432 612 168 2515mag PO Box 248, Helensburgh, 2508. ADVERTISING Karen, 0403 789 617. Book at www.2515mag.com.au. T&Cs apply. DEADLINE 15th of month prior. COVER PHOTO Unicorn Studios 2515 is produced by The Word Bureau, the Illawarra’s local independent magazine publisher. ABN 31 692 723 477. Disclaimer: All content and images remain the property of 2515 Coast News unless otherwise supplied. No part of this magazine may be reproduced without the written permission of the publisher. Views expressed do not reflect those of the publisher. Articles of a general nature only; seek specific advice on an individual basis.

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THE ART OF INDUSTRY

Bulli photographer Chris Duczynski tells 2515 about his new project. Chris Duczynski’s photography has the power to change the way you see the world. The Bulli photographer is known for his aerial ocean images, where surfers appear like dots on curving patterns of sea and sand. Now he has a new project – an abstract steelworks series that turns industrial landscapes into fine art. Inspired by the work of 1930s photographers who documented industry in the US, Chris has spent many hours photographing BlueScope’s Port Kembla steelworks. “It’s a fascinating place of light, scale and colour,” he said. “I’ve always been really interested in really big industrial architectural structures. I just love the way they’ve got nothing to do with an aesthetic, they’re just big. And they’re usually colourful, they’ve got a lot of texture to them, a lot of light. “It started when I got my drone, I started photographing the Corrimal Cokeworks and also the Coalcliff Cokeworks. They’re all fallen down and abandoned. “Then I started looking at photographs of a couple of American guys, Charles Sheeler and Lewis Hine – they did a lot of car plants and steelworks, all that really heavy industry. I’ve always found it really interesting, just the monumental size of everything – big bolts and pipes and leads and all that sort of stuff. It makes interesting abstract patterns and compositions.” The result here is industry made oddly enchanting, with beautiful, mind-bending images of an other-world of steel. Chris’s career as a

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photographer ranges from press to corporate work, including being a cameraman and producer for Qantas for 16 years, flying around the world photographing destinations. He got into the Port Kembla steelworks “by asking them over and over and over”. “I explained to them that I didn’t want to do corporate stuff, I wanted to do abstract stuff, aesthetic stuff. They’re not the nice clean brochure sort of shots. BlueScope was “fantastic”, he said, allowing him to spend three or four hours a day, photographing different areas over the course of about a week. “There’s not much of that heavy industry left in Australia, so to see that sort of stuff here, and in amongst all these houses, and on the beach – it’s quite amazing.” Any favourite areas? “Anything in the blast furnace. I could have stayed in the blast furnace for another couple of weeks. Because everything is on fire, and loud and noisy – sparks everywhere, and there’s people, still in there working right next to all that. And they’ve got the big furnace coats on, and visors and balaclavas. It was just, wow, another world.” Chris said BlueScope is planning to hold a show of his work, though no date is confirmed. “There’s probably going to be 30 or 40 that I really like. I call them industrial landscapes. Just presenting BlueScope as, not the corporate image, but here’s some fantastic abstract images of light and colour from the steelworks.” n Visit www.malibumedia.com.au 2515

ALUMNI Over the last 59 years, The Illawarra Grammar School has educated thousands of students who have gone on to incredible careers in the Illawarra, across Australia and beyond. We invite TIGS Alumni to stay connected by sharing their journey and joining us for the Schoolâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Diamond Jubilee in 2019. Reconnect by visiting tigs.nsw.edu.au/alumni-and-community Phone 4220 0200 | Email info@tigs.nsw.edu.au | www.tigs.nsw.edu.au

GARDENS MOTHER’S SPECIAL DAY SPECIAL FEATURE FEATURE

I SPY: SPRING WILDFLOWERS Narelle Happ, of local business A Garden For Life, reports on native flora flowering now in the Royal National Park.

Lack of rain has seen some unusual flowering by native plants in the Royal National Park. A lot of plants are flowering early and profusely. It is hard to pick which plants to feature as there are so many in flower right now. The Pea family are all budded up and starting to flower, the Tea Trees – Leptospermum ssp. – are in flower and have been for a few weeks and of course the Acacias with their bright yellow flowers abuzz with bees are certainly dominating the landscape through the park. Don’t forget to look down at ground level when you go through the park as small orchids and native grasses are also starting to flower and seed. If you can get your hands on one there is a great Field Guide to the Royal National Park, a great resource to take with you when bush walking.

APACRIS LONGIFLORA – Fuschia Heath Small tubular flowers that hang in clusters are all through bushland at the moment and prolific in numbers. A scrambling shrub that looks best when planted in a mixed garden bed.

Photos by Narelle Happ

GREVILLEA BUXIFOLIA – Grey Spider Flower This local Grevillea heralds the start of spring as it is quite hard to find in cultivation. It is very dominant in the national park at present due to such dry, warm winter conditions.

HAKEA SERICEA – Needlebush Small birds use this plant as habitat to hide from predators and you can see why with its spiky foliage.

HARDENBERGIA VIOLACEA – Native Sarsparilla Prolific purple sprays of flowers in late winter and early spring on this climber/scrambler. You will often see it in the understorey as it loves a shadier position. INDIGOPHORA AUSTRALIS – Austral Indigo This is a stunning early spring flowering shrub in the National Park. It has quite a leggy habit and can be seen flowering amongst other shrubs and trees as it loves to grow in the understorey. A vibrant pink which catches your eye after the warmer tones of winter flowering throughout the bush. LEUCOPOGON MICROPHYLLUS – Small Leaved White Beard A small shrub to 1 metre. This plant is flowering prolifically in the bushland behind Helensburgh Oval on what locals call the ‘Sandy Track’. It is particularly prolific this year and has such sweet small flowers only a few millimetres across.

GREVILLEA SERICEA – Pink Spider Flower Although this Grevillea flowers all year, it is in abundance as we come into spring. The bees love it and so do the small birds for its thin-leaved habitat.

PERSOONIA PINIFOLIUS – Fine leaved Geebung The bright yellow flowers are on beautiful arching branches which will be followed by an edible fruit mid spring. Another understorey plant very prolific in the national park.

GREVILLEA SPECIOSA – Red Spider Flower Another Grevillea that has been in flower all year. When flowering next to the local Acacia species, it certainly puts on a show.

RICINOCARPUS PINIFOLIUS – Wedding Bush This is one of my favourite shrubs and so rarely seen except if you catch it in flower. True vibrant white flowers on heath like foliage. Keep your eye out as flowering times are short. 2515

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GARDENS MOTHERâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S SPECIAL DAY SPECIAL FEATURE FEATURE

BE WEED WISE

Ochna berries and flowers. Photos: NSW Department of Primary Industries

With horticulturalist Merilyn House.

WEED IT OUT: Ochna, Mickey Mouse plant (Ochna serrulata) Ochna is another example of an ornamental species escaping into bushland. A native of Africa, it has been widely planted in Australian gardens for its strikingly attractive flowers. It is a significant environmental weed in south-east QLD, eastern areas of NSW and Lord Howe Island. Description: Ochna grows as a shrub that is erect and woody up to about 1.5m high. Leaves are up to 5cm long, narrow and glossy with serrated margins. New growth usually has a bronze tinge. Flowers are bright yellow. The petals fall off, leaving the sepals which turn scarlet red when the fruits appear. Fruits are initially green, turning glossy black in summer. Root is an angled tap root that is easily broken when hand-pulled, hence Ochna easily reshoots. Dispersal: Ochna serrulata has invaded roadsides, disturbed sites, waste areas, rainforests, forest margins, riparian areas and dry sclerophyll forests. Seed is spread by water, animals (foxes and rabbits), birds and humans, in contaminated soil (earthmoving equipment, car tyres, etc.) and by dumping garden waste into bushland. Locally, Ochna is easily dispersed to new areas when birds eat the fruits and spread the seeds. It forms dense thickets that are hard to remove, and it competes with native plants.

Removal: For young seedlings hand-pulling from down where the seedlings come out of the ground is generally the most successful method of control. Take care not to break the tap root. Larger individuals may need to be grubbed out with a mattock. Never put Ochna fruits or seeds in your green bin. GROW ME INSTEAD Native Fuschia (Correa species and cultivars): There are many attractive species and cultivars of the native Correa. Most tolerate drought and poor soils, although some of the larger species such as Correa lawrenceana typically grow in moist situations. All have bell-shaped flowers which attract honeyeaters. Guinea flower (Hibbertia species): With masses of bright yellow flowers, and easy to grow, several species of Hibbertia, e.g. Hibbertia empetrifolia, are commonly available from nurseries. Like most Australian native plants, they require good drainage. Pincushion Bush (Leucospermum species): Several species and hybrids of these dramatic shrubs from southern Africa are available. They have flowers similar to the native Waratah, in shades of yellow, orange or red, which are produced in spring. n More info at www.helensburghlandcare.org. au, or call Merilyn on 0414 819 742. 2515

small palms. Also consider the shrub Westringia and Chinese hibiscus. Avoid multi-stemmed palms species, such as cane palms. Stick to single-stem palms such as fan palms, black palms, but choose Q: I want to plant a palm or tree near wisely in line with the space you have. my pool. What do you recommend? Maintenance takes away lot of the fun for the pool owners, so avoid trees or plants Choosing the right trees for the pool area depends with small leaves that can wreak on the type of pool you have. Whether you have a havoc with pool filters. salt-water or chlorinated pool will influence the n Get in touch with species of tree/plant you can use. Chlorine is a Bohmerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Tree Care corrosive chemical that can harm the leaves of your via email (info@ plants. A pool is a fun place for kids and there are bohmerstreecare.com. bound to be plenty of splashes, so choose plants au) or give Bohmer a with tough leaves, such as Mondo grasses, call for a friendly star jasmine or dwarf cordylines, that are able to (no obligation) chat stand chemical damage. about any concerns Use salt-tolerant coastal species with waxy or or queries: 0432 furry leaves, such as bromeliads and a mixture of 789 530. 2515

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Photos: Unicorn Studios, supplied

GARDENS MOTHER’S SPECIAL DAY SPECIAL FEATURE FEATURE

GARDEN OPEN TO HELP FARMERS Springtime on the coast is such a lovely time of year that we tend to forget that people out west on the land are doing it tough. This year, Sandy and Ron Brenchley (pictured above) of Thirroul will open their garden to raise funds for the local branch of charity Need a Feed to help people who are struggling, on the land and here in our own region. Their garden, at 12 Deborah Avenue, Thirroul, will be open from 9am to 5pm on Saturday and Sunday, September 22 and 23, for people to come and enjoy. The garden is 48 years old, so has many well-established trees, and lots of “nooks and

TREES FOR OUR FUTURE The children at Coledale Public School report.

On Friday, July 27 we had Tree Planting Day at Coledale Public School. We were lucky enough to

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crannies” for children to explore, and there’s a “Seek and Find” quiz for the children to do, with little prizes. “It’s a bit steep in places, so sensible shoes are advisable, but rain, hail or shine we’re looking forward to welcoming visitors to come and enjoy,” Sandy said. “There’ll be a plant stall to browse, marmalade and pickles to buy, and a gorgeous raffle to take part in.” Devonshire teas and coffees – served on lilac cloths to match the wisteria, “which will hopefully be out by then” – will be available for $5. Entry into the garden is $2, and although there’s no dog, you do enter at your own risk. 2515 have instructors from the Botanical Gardens come to our school to provide plants and share their expertise to further enhance our flourishing CPS garden. We learnt lots of new and interesting information about plants and animals. In the garden we had the opportunity to choose a type of plant to go into our garden. We had to loosen the roots before we could plant it. It was a great day! Here’s what the students said: “I had one of the trees that said it was called a Lilly Pilly Tree” – Oliver Hayes “My plant was a Crinum pedunculatum Swamp Lily. It has lots of big leaves. The leaves grow to 1.5 metres.” – Dusty Dove “If you have a blue bottle sting at the beach you can rub a [swamp lily] leaf on it – it grows near the beach and it will help the sting” – Kobi O’Mara 2515

COVER FEATURE

SMALL WONDER

An architect and a builder are proving to be a winning combination. Case in point: their small, smart and sustainable build in Thirroul, which has won a prestigious architecture prize. Architect Brent Dunn and builder Matt Park started Joint Modular three years ago, focusing on small spaces, smart design and sustainable living. They started building their first projects in autumn 2016. Little more than a year later, in late 2017, they won two awards at the NSW Institute of Architects Country Division Conference – the residential award for architectural housing under $350,000 and the James Barnet Award for the most exemplary project of the year in any category. The latter prize was for a garden home in Thirroul, a free-standing pavilion less than 40m² that contains a bedroom, bathroom, living area and kitchenette. It’s an expressed hardwood structure with plywood-clad wall panels and a red concrete slab providing thermal mass (ie, helping regulate temperature indoors). The jury citation praised Joint Modular’s “ambition, method of delivery, social ethos and high level of design resolution”. The family-run business has its offices in Thirroul and is a true local success story. It comprises two directors, Brent and Matt, plus Brent’s wife Katharina Hendel as an architect and Matt’s wife Jane Fullerton-Smith as business manager. They also employ support staff. “We contract staff where possible as close to the building site as possible, so as to support local employment and be as efficient as possible,” Jane

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told 2515. “We have JOINTs in Canberra, Thirroul, Wombarra, Milton and Bangalow. One is a garden studio home, one is an office, one is an extension, one is an art studio, one is a large home and the other a smaller home.” They’ve been dubbed everything from “granny flats” to “man pods”, but essentially “JOINTs can be what the client wants them to be,” Jane said. “They can be as simple as a shell, one module with no services or multiple modules with multiple spaces living and bedrooms.” Brent and Matt kindly took time to answer 2515’s questions. Please tell us a bit about yourselves. Matt: As a builder I have always been passionate about attention to detail and fine architecture. And in recent years have become very interested in small sustainable spaces and smart buildings. Brent: I am an architect who loves construction, and believes in making simple things well. When our architecture practice TAKT Studio For Architecture needed a studio, we built it in our backyard. By necessity it had to be small (there were 82 steps up to the site), our budget was limited, and I could only carry standard-sized sheets up the winding steps. So that meant it was all about building small but

Photos: Unicorn Studios, supplied

Architect Brent Dunn (left) and builder Matt Park, pictured at Joint Modular’s Thirroul office. Far left and below right: their award-winning Thirroul Joint.

with precision, and with careful consideration. We knew we would move some day, and the idea of a prefabricated, modular building that could be re-built with a possible different configuration was a logical answer. And we did have to move it, shortly after it was finished. How did you meet? Matt: We met through a mutual friend and then had a meeting at the TAKT studio that Brent had designed and built himself. It was a great space and a well thought out piece of joinery and design. Lots of exposed recycled timber and great aspects given the positioning restraints. From this first meeting I could see that here was a fine architect who really understood the design and building process and had taken a hands-on approach to fully understand his process and product. I could see clearly why he was the awardwinning architect I had heard so much about. Brent: A mutual friend introduced me to Matt from Good With Wood Construction. He helped me disassemble the studio, ready for a team of footy players hired to help get the pieces down the 82 steps and into the removal truck (that took only a week). I think we both get pretty excited about great buildings. We connected immediately, and

his experience in carpentry and film-set construction was a perfect fit. He had been involved with the logistics of breaking down, transporting and reassembling the massive film sets of Baz Luhrmann’s [2008 film] Australia from Sydney to Kununurra, WA and I thought, “Here’s someone special who understands a real deadline.” So we started collaborating. What do you like about working together? Matt: As mentioned, Brent understands the principles of design and building as he is a very hands-on architect. This makes it so much easier during the building process to understand and overcome any design and/or construction issues that arise throughout a project. Brent: I found Matt’s problem-solving and breadth of construction knowledge on the job to be eye-opening. His other building business is called Good with Wood Construction, but he was good with pretty much anything I soon found – steel, concrete, you name it. His open-minded approach to building suits the type of designs we create, where it is not uncommon to find something used in a way it was perhaps not intended. It’s pretty hard to keep up with him for more than a few hours that’s for sure. We have a great

SEPTEMBER 2515 13

deal of fun building together too, which is really important for the spirit of the project. You focus on small sustainable homes – please tell us why bigger isn’t necessarily better? Matt & Brent: The Illawarra is full of inspiring people who live in tune with the environment, the seasons, the landscape, and the community. We love this area’s character, its history and layers. We feel optimistic about its future, but nervous that much is lost in thoughtless development. Our buildings express this – we are always trying to do the least amount of building for the most impact. Could you do without a second living space if you had a covered deck in the sun? Can good planning reduce the amount of space needed to be built? This is the core of sustainability for us. Brent: Build smaller, but better. Building with robust natural materials, recycled materials, familiar materials like FC [fibre cement]. All our finishes are best practice, zero VOC [volatile organic compounds]. Our buildings can easily be added to over time as well, or moved to another location, so they last. What challenges were involved in building the awardwinning garden home in Thirroul? Matt & Brent: For such a simple and clear outcome, the challenges were many. It is a pretty common misunderstanding that building a secondary dwelling costs less than the equivalent

EARLY START TO FIRE SEASON It used to mark the first day of spring, now it’s the start of fire season. With drier than normal winter conditions, the NSW Rural Fire Service has brought forward the Bush Fire Danger Period to September 1 for the Illawarra Area. During the Bush Fire Danger Period, land owners and managers are required to obtain a Fire Permit from your local Fire Control Centre before lighting any fires, including hazard-reduction burns. Patrick Grady, Operational Officer Level 1, Illawarra Zone, NSW Rural Fire Service, states: Bush fires can happen out of season so it is important to be prepared. There are some simple

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square metre rate of a primary home. It may be possible if compared to a new home of similar quality and size, but typically, the current building standards – National Construction Code, and BASIX – demand better performing buildings over time, as they well should. This increase in performance means a secondary dwelling often performs thermally and far better environmentally than the original dwelling, but it does impact costs. A secondary dwelling is usually located on the more difficult part of a site. There is a reason that homes are generally built close to the street – access. In this dwelling for Liz and [her son] Thomas, we had to contend with restricted access from the street, adding to the overall time. A sewer main ran though the rear of the property, as oft they do. The optimal location for good northern solar access, meant building over that sewer. This required concrete encasement of the pipe, additional approvals and specialist engineering solutions. We approach all these problems with an open mind and, with over a decade of experience doing similar projects, we find a careful, thorough process to be key. Our wonderful client, Liz, had a much-loved lemon tree that had to stay too, and we are pleased to see it still flourishing. n Joint Modular has an office at 32 Armagh Parade, Thirroul and a workshop at 2/51 Montague St, North Wollongong. Call business manager Jane Fullerton-Smith on 0403 867 548. 2515 things that residents can do to prepare their properties. Here are some: • Clean out house and shed gutters • Ensure garden hoses can reach all corners of the yard and around the house • Keep wood stacks away from house or shed • Keep combustibles away from structures or packed away on bad weather days • Keep lawns maintained. Some helpful apps: • Fire near Me – This app notifies you of fires that are near you and in surrounding areas. Also has other important information about those fires. • My Fire Plan – This app allows you to do your bush fire survival plan electronically. • EMERGENCY + – This app allows quick access to triple zero and other important numbers. This app also gives detailed information to your actual location, including GPS coordinates. I urge all residents to take 20 minutes with your family to discuss what you’ll do during a bush fire – you could save their lives and your home. 2515

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THE HOME FRONT BY YOUR LOCAL REAL ESTATE EXPERT Each month Mattias Samuelsson, from Ray White Helensburgh will be providing you with essential knowledge, tips and tricks to keep you up to date with the local real estate market. This month: The new financial benefits of downsizing for older homeowners. On July 1, 2018 the Federal Government’s new measure to incentivise downsizing for older homeowners came into effect. The basics of the new scheme are: Homeowners 65 and older who have been living in their home for over 10 years can downsize and put extra money into their superannuation funds. The post-tax contribution can be up to $300,000 for a single person or $600,000 for a couple. The incentive is only available for the homeowner’s primary place of residence (no investment properties). It was introduced to encourage older homeowners to downsize to make larger homes available for younger families.

MATTIAS SAMUELSSON B.Bus, J.P. Director, Ray White Helensburgh

G7039730AL-140115

But why would people want to do this? Some older homeowners may not have a large sum in their superannuation, due to a lack of compulsory superannuation in the past. If people are thinking of downsizing anyway, this is an excellent chance to add to their superannuation fund. This is a great opportunity for homeowners in the Northern Illawarra as large family homes continue to sell for huge prices, while apartments and villas can be found for as low as $600,000. If you’d like to know how much your property is worth, contact Mattias for an obligation-free market appraisal. As always, if you’re thinking of downsizing you should seek professional advice as to whether this scheme will benefit you in the long run. If you have questions about the selling process or require any additional assistance, please don’t hesitate to call Mattias on 0466 627 226.

0466 627 226 mattias.samuelsson@raywhite.com

SEPTEMBER 2515 15

DARKES IN DROUGHT!

Drought in Australia is defined by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology as rainfall over a three-month period being in the lowest decile of what has been recorded for that region in the past. Jo Fahey answers questions about how it’s affecting us locally.

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put water in at the root zone where it’s needed. It’s a science now, not a guess. We know exactly when to start and stop watering. We are changing all our planted areas to drip irrigation rather than micro jets. There is less evaporation with drip lines and mulching also helps us to slow evaporation. There’s more science we can benefit from on the horizon. We will keep looking for ways to ‘drought proof ’ and survive with low rainfall – but at the end of the day we still need it to rain! Why don’t you build more dams? Historically we haven’t needed the storage as it rains plentifully here. In fact, we often get too much. Going forwards we will need to reassess this. How will it affect your peach and apple crops this year? We don’t know. We will thin more fruit than usual from the trees, leaving less on each tree to ensure they grow bigger and also need less water. We still have water in our dams at the moment but when we have used it we will need rain to fill them up again. Last year when we didn’t get rain to fill our dams and were desperately short of water, our neighbour loaned us water from their dams. We are incredibly lucky in Darkes Forest to have such a close-knit community who support one another when the chips are down. We have put in an interconnecting system with this neighbour. They were very gracious in sharing their water; it’s the type of attitude that makes you proud to live here. We start picking in November. Our first fruit leading up to Christmas should be OK but after that it will depend on how hot summer gets. It’s very unknown territory. On the upside, our fruit will taste amazing in this weather. It should have good flavour and sweetness. 2515

Are we in drought? Yes! But it’s a green drought here. What’s a green drought? It’s a period of limited rainfall where it still looks a bit green but there isn’t much moisture for the plants to really grow. How much rain have you had this year at Darkes Forest? This 12 months, September 2017-August 2018, we have had 376mm rainfall. The next lowest similar period was in a 12-month period 1915/1916 with 609mm. Our long-term average is 1423 mm. The maximum recorded rainfall 12-month period was 3048mm in 1950. We are over a metre (1000mm) short of rain this year of our long-term average. How is it affecting your apple farm? We are making sure our watering systems are in place and working properly. Mostly we are installing drip line irrigation. This uses water more efficiently. We are working towards a computercontrolled watering system. We have removed some blocks of fruit trees that will allow our water to go further and assist production this year. What can you do to be drought proof? Over the past 15 years we have been investing in more efficient watering infrastructure and systems. We have a system in place for moisture monitoring. We measure how much water is in our soil across the farm, with a sensor system. Each block of trees is different and water needs will vary at any point in time depending on a number of factors. Trees need less water when dormant in winter but start to use some when flowering and growing leaves. They need a lot of water for growing and sizing the fruit. We know when the trees are thirsty. Our monitoring system can show us this. We can also tell how far down the moisture is in the soil profile. We don’t over water; we only

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Mandibles of male golden stag beetle from North Queensland (top) and male golden stag beetle from Sydney (bottom). Two female golden stag beetles from Sydney. Photos: Kindi Smith, Australian Museum.

BEETLING ABOUT

Local entomologist Chris Reid, of the Australian Museum, presents a detective story: the case of the golden stag beetle. We often have pretty big problems when it comes to finding the right names for pretty beetles. A common stag beetle living in the forests and woodlands of the Illawarra is a case in point. Stag beetles are incredibly popular with collectors, especially male collectors. The beetles are famous for their enlarged jaws (mandibles), which are generally used for male-to-male combat. Stag beetles are fascinating for all kinds of reasons, for example: as a group they are old, predating the break-up of Gondwana; the larvae may be long lived, up to three years; adults may be unable to feed and have very short lives. Only males of the golden stag beetle can cut twigs to feed on sap flows, so females are dependent on males for food. However, stag beetles are predominantly dull in colour, to match the wood they live on. Therefore, when a bronze-green one was discovered on Norfolk Island by George Forster on Cook’s second expedition in 1774 it caused a great deal of interest back in Europe. The main beetle-ologist of the day named it ‘aenea’ in Latin, meaning bronze-green. When golden green stag beetles were discovered in Sydney, they were identified as the same thing. But in 1817 a French expert had a good squizz at the two lots of specimens and decided they were different, naming the one in Sydney ‘aurata’, golden, the golden stag beetle. At the time, collecting and selling insects and other biological specimens for European and North American museums was a profitable exercise. As more specimens were collected in Australia and sold overseas, more overseas collectors took note of them and tried to classify them without paying much attention to each other. So that by

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1913 there were a possible 25 different species on mainland Australia. One of my recent projects has been to try to make sense of all this. Firstly, by dissecting dozens, looking at a lot of genitalia, to show that just one species is involved, and, secondly, by looking through a lot of literature and visiting many collections to see original specimens. It turns out all the metallic brightly coloured specimens on mainland Australia are the same thing, and the correct scientific name for them is the one given by the French naturalist in 1817. We now know that the golden stag beetle is amazingly variable in size, shape and colour. I can say that having seen about 1000 specimens of it, from north Queensland to Tasmania and from Tasmania to Perth. However, it does vary geographically, so that northeastern specimens are greener with bigger horns and southwestern specimens are browner with smaller horns. How does that happen? It seems that the better the feeding conditions for the larva, the bigger the horns – “better” in this case might be prolonged rainfall. This suggests that climate influences the appearance of the beetle, so that with climate change we might be able to predict changes in the beetle. Working that out is the next project! Reference: Reid, Smith & Beatson. 2018. Revision of the genus Lamprima Latreille, 1804. Zootaxa 4446: 151-202. http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/article/ view/zootaxa.4446.2.1; https://doi.org/10.11646/ zootaxa.4446.2.1 n Have a question? Email editor@2515mag. com.au, subject line “Beetling About”. 2515

WHY ITâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S GREAT TO CREATE

Lara McCabe chats to Angela Forrest, Artist in Residence at Big Fat Smile Artspace Studio. What are you doing at the moment at Artspace Studio? Preparing for the next Adults 6 Week Module. We have students of various backgrounds and artistic experience who find getting creative and concentrating on a piece of work is a wonderful escape from everyday stresses. In the childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mixed Media stream we are looking at clouds, learning about the many types of clouds, how they are formed and experimenting with mark making. The tricky part is how to get that soft floaty feeling of three dimensions. We like to challenge our Artspace children and rarely think things will be too hard for them and, of course, as a result, they rise to the challenge with some beautiful final works. Producing artwork lets students explore their ideas in a way that is tangible, while looking at contemporary art allows children to expand their imaginations and stimulates questions.

Have you always had a passion for art? My first experiences with art-making would be digging up clay in my backyard and baking my creations in the sun on a huge flat rock. The walls of my childhood home had famous prints of paintings hanging on the walls and vibrant colours in the interior. I was fortunate to have parents who had an aesthetic and admired art. At the moment, in my home studio, l am revisiting a trip I made in 2016 to the Flinders ranges. It was an amazing three weeks travelling with students from the University of Wollongong. As I was chef on meal prep, I mainly took photos and worked in a sketch book whilst we travelled out into the field. We witnessed amazing geological formations and weathered coastlines, landscapes that were so new to my eyes. I am eager to get this all onto paper and board and planning to have an exhibition ready by December. 2515

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SEPTEMBER 2515 19

CALLING YOUNG ARTISTS In 2011 Scarborough Public School launched Artspark, a competition for young artists. The event coincides with the annual Scarborough Art Show. The aim of the competition is to encourage and develop artistic abilities in primary school children, and give them an opportunity to showcase their work amongst their art peers. The theme for the competition in 2018 is “Home” and is open to primary school students from public schools in the Illawarra region. The artwork from three categories – years K-2, 3/4 and 5/6 – is judged by professional artists. In addition there is a people’s choice award. iCreate is Scarborough Public School’s own art program which has run successfully since 2010. All students participate in the program working, manipulating and creating using a variety of mediums and techniques covering such activities as: photography, collage, screen printing, ceramics,

WHAT’S ON

AT THIRROUL LIBRARY, CALL (02) 4227 8191 AUTHOR TALK, BY GLENDA GUEST • Wed, September 11, 5.30pm, bookings required. Glenda Guest’s first novel, Siddon Rock, won the Commonwealth Writers’ Prize for Best First Book in 2010 and in 2018 A Week in the Life of Cassandra Aberline was published. MUSIC IN THE LIBRARY • Sat, 1st September 11-noon. Featuring musicians from the Wollongong Conservatorium of Music. No bookings required. COLOUR, COFFEE, CALMER • Wed 5 & 19 September, 9.30am-noon. No bookings required. KIDS CONNECT – THIRROUL • Wed 5, 12, 19 & 26 September from 3.30-4.30pm. Drop in and create, play games, meet new friends. For ages 5 -12. STEAM PUNKS • Mon, 17 September, 3.30pm – Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Math. We meet to build, make, play, experiment and game. Parent/ carer participation encouraged. No bookings required. STORYTIME & CRAFT • Fri 7, 14, 21 & 28 September, 10.30am. Drop in for stories and craft. No bookings required.

20 2515 SEPTEMBER

Photos: supplied

Entries are open for the annual Artspark competition at Scarborough Public School. Shane Adams reports.

pottery, drawing, painting, sculpture, glass design and printing. Community members join with staff to lead and coordinate the mixed aged groups. Students’ work from the Artspark competition and the iCreate program will be proudly displayed in conjunction with many professional art works at this year’s Scarborough Art Show on the weekend of 13-14 October. Further information and Artspark entry forms available at www.scarboroughartshow.com 2515 BEATLES TO THE BEACH Stanwell Park Arts Theatre (SPAT) will hold a Beatles to the Beach concert outdoors on the lawns of the village’s CWA Hall on Saturday, September 22. Book tickets at www.spat. org.au. Adults $20, kids and pensioners $15, family $55. SPRING BOMBIE GIG Coledale RSL, Friday, September 14: Love in the Jungle 8.30pm, Beatmeisters 10pm. Booking fee donated to Ozharvest through southcoasttickets.com.au $15 or $20 at the Door. Love in the Jungle is a locally produced celebration of original salt laced contemporary acoustic folky rock, while the Beatmeisters, with Damion Stirling (pictured), draw heavily on the traditions of African drumming. RAINBOW RUN Otford Public School’s fundraiser is back on September 21with 10km, 5km and 1.5km fun runs at Helensburgh’s Rex Jackson Oval and in Garrawarra State Conservation Area. 2515

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MAKE TOYS

Janice Creenaune meets Wolfgang Kullick, a local retiree who designs and makes traditional wooden toys for the disadvantaged. Wolfgang Kullick, at 76, has led a life in which he has always been driven to succeed. Originally a migrant at Fairy Meadow hostel in 1959, he has worked in steel production at BHP, and also as a compensation officer and auditor, as an accountant and as a TAFE teacher in business management. Now retired, he joined the Thirroul Men’s Shed over two years ago and turned his talents to woodwork, producing hand-made toys for the charity Samaritan’s Purse and its initiative, Operation Christmas Child. “A local church includes our wooden toys in their shoe boxes to be allocated to needy children in places such as Vietnam, New Guinea, Fiji, Thailand, Cambodia, and other Pacific Islands. Wherever there is a need they send the shoe-boxes. It is really rewarding,” Wolfgang says. “The shoe-boxes never go to the same village twice, the joy is really spread around. “I do believe in what I and the other men are doing. If I make a toy I know a child will eventually play with it and be just that little bit happier.” Wolfgang says he and his Shed mates get plenty of satisfaction from their work. “We keep going because we enjoy it and we all have different skills to bring to the projects. “The Men’s Shed offers us direction and being at work with our hands, creating for others, it is a great combination.” Wolfgang often designs his own patterns, “And most of us here at the Men’s Shed contribute to the project. The other men turn wheels, paint and help with assembly of the toys.” Production begins early in the year, on and off, because the men sell toys and wooden goods at the Thirroul Seaside and Arts Festival to raise funds. “We have to have each load of toys for Operation Christmas Child, however, wound up by August/ September for the packing, transportation and distribution process.

22 2515 SEPTEMBER

“The local network sent 8741 shoe-boxes in 2017, but Australia-wide it was 327,461 boxes. “We may be only a small part of the network but I feel we make a valuable contribution here at the Thirroul Men’s Shed. All of us are volunteers so overheads are low.” All wood is donated, but fund-raising is still important for the shed to keep going; occasional donations from local businesses, such as Bunnings, assist the cause. “We raise money with sausage sizzles, Thirroul Seaside Festival sale proceeds, and accept donations, as well as pay personal fees each week.” Wolfgang prefers to work with the softer woods like pine, Oregon and maple. “I look at the wood, the size, the grains and the colours to determine what project to choose. We paint and lacquer to add extra strength and the finishing touch. In 10 days we can produce about 20 toys, one or two a day.” Thirroul Men’s Shed also works on projects for local schools, including building benches, a bridge over a student garden, and it’s currently making a new outside sink and learning area for Austinmer Public School. “My grandfather offered me advice when I was much younger to ‘work with my head’. I always followed this advice, but now I work with my hands and my head,” Wolfgang says. “But it is important to recognise that we all keep each other going, sharing ideas, skills, and with great camaraderie, and all for a good cause.” Wolfgang’s determination to succeed is still evident, but his drive – and that of his Shed mates – is now focussed on those in need. n Writer Janice Creenaune is a voluntary ‘local hero’ for the PKD (Polycystic Kidney Disease) Foundation. For more details, contact Janice on janicecreenaune@gmail.com or ph 4267 4880. 2515

VET AT WORK

With Dr Matt O’Donnell. This month: Local Fisherman Hooks a Big One. Rafael, a five-month-old Rottweiler, came to see our talented and dedicated vet Dr Ryan Stevenson one Friday night because his owners were certain he had eaten a fisherman’s bait. That in itself is not usually a big problem, except that it was still attached to the fish hook and line! On inspection of Rafael’s mouth and throat, the hook and line was nowhere to be seen. Rafael was pretty pleased with himself and wondered what all the fuss was about. Despite no apparent discomfort for Rafael, the hook and line posed a serious risk of perforation and obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract. Over time vomiting, dehydration, sepsis, shock and even death are potential outcomes. That hook and line was best retrieved sooner rather than later. So Dr Ryan performed x-rays and it was immediately clear Rafael had swallowed it whole and it was now in his stomach. With our fantastic nurse team, Ryan stayed back late and performed surgery to remove what Rafael thought was a yummy treat. The fish hook and 20cm of line were successfully removed with no complications. It was lucky that the hook was well embedded in the bait and not into Rafael! Rafael went home Saturday afternoon smiling. I don’t think he has learnt his lesson; he still wants to hoover anything down before you can catch him. n Northern Illawarra Veterinary Hospital is at 332 Princes Highway, Bulli. Phone 4238 8575 or visit nivh.com.au. 2515

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SEPTEMBER 2515 23

THE DEER HUNTER

Local science teacher Robyn Lang wrote a thought-provoking, 3000-word essay on deer hunting for a competition, then published an abridged version on her blog. Here is the story behind her story. Please tell us a bit about yourself: I am a 57-year-old mum and grandma. After studying science at UNSW, I worked in the food industry for a few years before moving into scientific sales. I started teaching when my daughter was a baby and fully intended to return to a “proper job” when she went to school. I soon realised that teaching was a calling not a job and while I don’t teach as much these days it still inspires me. Recently, I have had the opportunity to travel the world and have fallen in love with photography. My photography style is documentary and I particularly like candid street shots. Not content with just pictures, I have been writing stories which I publish through my blog. My goal now is to challenge older women to bust out of the stereotypes set by our society. My motto is be invincible not invisible!

What did you learn from the process? I learned that there are some very different opinions about the hunting of deer in our region! Generally, the view is that deer numbers are not increasing per se but rather they are becoming more noticeable because their range is being reduced by the increasing urban sprawl in the Illawarra region. Some people are very happy to have deer removed from their properties because they see them as a pest species which are damaging the environment. These people give Zac permission to enter, often for a share of the meat. Other landholders have threatened Zac with violence. Another group would like to see the commercial harvesting of wild game as a way of controlling deer numbers and using their meat as a valuable resource.

How did you meet Zac the deer hunter? And what inspired you to write the story about him? Zac is another teacher at my school. I knew he was a hunter and fisher. I became interested in the deer story when I heard a radio interview on ABC Illawarra talking about deer causing problems and that several fatal road accidents had resulted from the deer. Then I heard another story and another. It got me thinking why were the deer all of a sudden celebrities? I was also intrigued by attitudes towards hunters. Why were more people OK with fishing but not OK with hunting? Animals still got killed – why was it different? I thought if anyone would know about deer and hunting it would be Zac.

What has the response been like to your article? I originally wrote the story as a 3000-word essay for a competition, then I published a shorter version on my blog in March this year. It generated a lot of interest and was quoted in the Sporting Shooter magazine. It also started a lot of discussion with local hunters like Aaron Grant, who has written books about deer in Australia. He disputes the idea that deer have caused road accidents.

24 2515 SEPTEMBER

n Read Robyn Lang’s tale, The Deer Hunter, on her blog at https://oldchookenterprises. com/2018/03/09/hunting-deer. See more of her photos @robyn.lang3 on Instagram 2515

SURFRIDER REPORT

This month, Surfrider South Coast is celebrating World Clean Up Day with a beach clean at North Wollongong beach from 9am. On Saturday, September 15, millions of people from 150 countries will be part of what is set to be the world’s ‘biggest civic action in history’. This will be a mammoth effort as we clean North Wollongong beach, Puckey’s Reserve, Belmore Basin and the Wollongong Harbour foreshore and rocks. Bring your surfboards and SUPs as we plan to raise the plastic off the harbour sea floor. Or you can clean the beach or walkways and grassed areas. We had planned to host the World Clean Up Day as part of the 3rd Annual Surfrider Illawarra Clean Beach Festival #icbfest, but some participating organisations weren’t available in September, so we have rescheduled the #icbfest to October 20 at North Wollongong beach. Save the date! Read more about it in next month’s issue.

COFFEE WITH A CONSCIENCE Congratulations to Finbox and Buck Hamblin in Thirroul, and Fireworks Cafe in Austinmer (pictured) for gaining Ocean Friendly certification. Please support these businesses. All restaurants, cafes, markets, school canteens and pop-up food and beverage outlets are invited to become Surfrider Ocean Friendly certified. Visit http:// www.surfrider.org.au/ocean_friendly for more. JOIN CITIZEN BLUE Surfrider has partnered with another not-for-profit environmental organisation, CitizenBlue, to give 2515 residents and businesses the opportunity to

Images supplied

Join Susie Crick, chair of Surfrider Foundation Australia, at North Wollongong beach for World Clean Up Day on Saturday, September 15.

reduce their waste to landfill by installing boxes or lockable cages to collect empty drink containers that are eligible for refund. CitizenBlue pledge to ensure that no waste enters our waters. Whilst the Reverse Vending Machines in Woolworths carparks do a brilliant job of helping people recycle the containers that they consume at home, they aren’t always convenient. To complement that effort and to drastically reduce the amount of empties going into our garbage bins, CitizenBlue is offering businesses a tailormade solution to reduce their waste footprint and costs and gain the financial benefits. Businesses may redeem the full refund (minus the collection fee) or donate the proceeds to Surfrider and CitizenBlue. Any cafe, venue, pub, club, school or restaurant is invited to participate. Call 0458 308 523 for more info on how to get a CitizenBlue collection box or cage installed at your workplace or venue. There’s a box at Coledale’s Planet Childcare where parents and friends can donate eligible beverage containers to grow the Surfrider Ocean Friendly business program. SURFRIDER AT EAT STREET MARKET Come and meet the Surfrider South Coast crew at the new Eat Street Market Bulli, who are proudly sponsoring the Surfrider Foundation, on Friday, September 28 from 5-10pm at Bulli Showground. All entry donations go to grow Surfrider Ocean Friendly awareness. We look forward to seeing you there and meeting new volunteers. You don’t need experience, all you need is a love of the ocean. Visit our website, www.surfrider.org.au 2515

SEPTEMBER 2515 25

SPRING SOUP

Thirroul’s Stephanie Meades, of the Life Wellness Co., has a simply delicious recipe for soup. One of the best things about spring is the way the garden comes to life. This recipe was inspired by our first bumper crop of delicious, juicy, bright-red tomatoes. This soup can be served warm with some crusty sourdough or cold (like a gazpacho) with a side salad or wholefood crackers.

INGREDIENTS: 5 large ripe tomatoes, roughly diced 1 ripe avocado, chopped 3 shallots, chopped ¼ cup ground almonds 1 cup vegetable broth 1 tsp of fresh dill, finely chopped (or ½ tsp of dried dill leaf) Dash of cayenne pepper Sea salt and pepper to taste METHOD: Place all ingredients in a blender or food processor (with the exception of 1 tomato, which will be used to top the soup off at the end). Blend until smooth. To warm the soup, slowly heat in a saucepan until the right temperature. Top soup with diced tomato, a sprinkle of fresh dill and salt/pepper. 2515

SPOTTED!

At ‘You Beauty!’, a circus fundraiser for farmers held at Burgh Healthy Hub in Helensburgh on August 11. By Lara McCabe 1 Jennie Gadd, Susan Richards 2 Kate Barter 3 Savy Sevastos, Loen Sevastos, Lola Hirzel 4 Peter Ryan, Tamberlyn Cunningham 5 Frank & Elsie Burriss 6 Cody, Cam and Calina Hewitt. 2515 2

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TRADIE’S TIP

By James Cattley

Now that we have reverted to a drier weather pattern again it is time to start talking about water usage and, more importantly, water wastage. Dripping taps and leaking toilets – those jobs right down the bottom of your to-do list – can be wasting litres and litres of the precious resource and also costing you money. A slow dripping tap – one drip per second – will waste about 5 litres per day, which equates to almost 2000L per year. A leaking toilet cistern can be just as bad or worse. I call these the forgotten leaks because they are possibly only noticed a couple of times a day or sometimes not at all. I recently had a client who was convinced she had a water leak somewhere in the front yard due to her massive water bill. On inspection the big jump in water usage was caused by a dodgy outlet valve on a cistern and only needed a simple washer to fix the problem. What about that water heater relief valve continuously dripping? That not only wastes water but reducing the capacity of your off-peak hot-water storage. All these issues are relatively easy to fix but, like all maintenance items around the house, can get more complicated the longer they are allowed to go unchecked. While we have covered the wastage of water, what about the capturing and re-use of rain water? Utilising government incentives, you can install a

30 2515 SEPTEMBER

With Terri Ayliffe.

Don’t stress the big stuff, life is found in small spaces. I read a book in my early days of studying psychology called Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff, by Richard Carlson. I agree with the premise, sometimes we make small frustrations into big problems, which has a negative impact on our lives. But there is also peace and beauty in the small stuff. In the gaps between running to work, feeding kids and paying bills, gentleness is found. It is the small things that give our lives meaning. This beautiful space is where memories are made. I understand the value of my life isn’t found in the big things I achieve, it is the small experiences, the gentle conversations, the smile of a loved one, the laughter we share, this is where my story is told… He died on a Wednesday afternoon; two days before, I’d sat by his bed and held his hand. I felt the warmth of his skin on mine and the way the wrinkles of his palm sat in the grooves of my hand. He told a joke, and we both laughed so hard that tears rolled down our cheeks. I closed my eyes, imprinting this moment in my memory. He is gone now, but I can still feel the warmth of his skin and the muscles in my stomach have a memory of the laughter. I imprinted the last moments we shared because they were significant, more so than his illness and my grief. I sat in the small stuff and wrote a beautiful memory. Don’t sweat the big stuff, do what you can and come home to the little things and breathe life in. Small moments are the threads of our life, moments stitched together to give our life value. n Read more of Terri’s work at https://lifeology.blog 2515 water tank to capture your roof water and re-use it on your garden, fill your toilet cistern, connect to your washing machine or even use for bushfire protection. We are lucky to live on the coastal fringe and the escarpment that creates quite regular rainfall in the form of coastal showers or summer storms. Why not utilise this resource to help ourselves and the planet? Every drop counts. n Contact James for an obligation-free water leak audit or free quote for water tank installation. Call 0409 875 391 or email cattleyplumbing@bigpond.com 2515

TH 1714 1.70 Time

0.39 0.53 0.24 1.71 MO 1335 SU 1332 TU 1515 FR 1758 1.50 SA 1755 SU 1252 TU 10 1.59 1.46 1.89 Time 1950 Time 1954 m Time 2124 m 21 m 1902 m

SA 0.38 FR 1142 1811 1.80

0.21 0.36 SU 0.50 MO 0.30 TU 0.45 MO 1425 TU 1413 WE 1603 SA 1216 SU 1331 MO 1335 WE 10 1958 2043 0.55 1947 2120 2210 0.53 21 1910 2026 0.431942 1.85 1.74 1.59 1.49 1838 1.55

0045 0228 1.18 0030 0215 0337 1.07 00 0541 0.410035 0.37 0006 0214 1.240127 0.06 0.16 0.27 0.34 16 1.25 1 25 16 1.39 1 0.24 10 10 7 22 7 01 7 0001 0635 0.56 0737 0.68 1203 22 1.430636 0555 0817 0.500738 0950 0830 1.52 1.43 0739 1.46 0602 1.30 1311 1.42 1414 1.40 1814 0.51 1227 1.53

0014 1.310110 0.33 0146 0311 1.09 0215 0112 0245 1.160200 0323 0415 1.06 00 0.09 0.13 0.27 0.30 17 1.32 2 26 17 1.48 2 0.14 11 11 8 23 8 0054 8 01 0625 23 0.460711 0727 0.63 0654 0852 0.570812 0843 0.72 0917 1.55 1.48 1032 0824 1.54 0655 1.39 1255 1.44 1409 1.39 1329 1.51 1516 1.36

PORT KEMBLA – NEW SOUTH WALES 2018 PORT KEMBLA TIDAL CHART

0.22 0.33 1257 SU 0.30 MO 0.44 TU 0.24 WE 0.38 TH 1652 TU 1515 WE 1453 SUWALES MO 1424 TU 1415 SA–1239 TH 10 PORT KEMBLA NEW SOUTH 1917 0.541915 1.58 2107 1.87 LAT 34° 29ʼ 1903 LONG 150° 55ʼ Times and Heights of High and Low Waters 0259 0115 1.22 0142 0.08 0143 0.29 OCTOBER NOVEMBER

0.57

2026 0.42

2224 0.52 21

2130 2036 1.75 1.72 2103 2020 1.55 1.50 2256 LAT 34° 29ʼ LONG 150° 55ʼ Local Time 1.05 0230 1.13 0434 0452 1.08 0353 0258 0.16 0316 0232 0.28 0.29 0.14 Waters Times and Heights of High and Low DECEMBER SEPTEMBER SEPTEMBER 2018 0830 0.67 0908 0806Time 0.59 0957 1113 0.72 0718 0.51 1.56m 1.61 0928 1.52 1.55 1.38 Time m Time 1.46 m m 0845 Time m1002 Time m 0744 Time Time m Time0745 m 1513 1.38 1441 1.52 1625 1.35 1355 1.46 OCTOBER SEPTEMBER 1607 0.27 1534 0.33 1456 TU 0.39 WE TH 0.32 0045 1.18 0215 0.24 1.07 1.20NOVEMBER 0345 0417 1.300.21 0.41 1.24 1332 03281335 1.17 WE1.12 TH0349 FR 1740 SU MO WE TU 1515 FR 1 0006 16MO 1 0541 1 16 1 16 1000 0.59 0737 1.89 0.68 0925 0.73 0906 0.75 1203 1.43 16 0635 0.56 0555 0.50 1954 0857 0.62 2215 0.54SA 2124 2141 0.37 2321 2341 0.48 0.52 2218 1.62 2142 1.50 2100 1950 1.59 Time m1414 2034 Time m 1.491.66 Time Time Time m1.42 MO 1227 Time m 1.50 1611 1.40 1.31 1525 1.34 1.53 TIME 1522 1.55m FRTIME SU 1311M TU SU 1529 SA 1814 0.51 TH TIME M M TIME M 2252 0.30 1958 0.55 2120 0.53 2215 0.45 2225 0.48 1910 0.43 2222 0.31

24 18 12 9 3 27 24 18 12 9 0101

9 3

17 1 0541 1203

0.41 1.09 0.63 1.43 1.39 0.57 SA 1814 0.51

0014 0625 SU 1255 1917

1.31 0.46 1.44 0.54

0146 0727 MO 1409 2107

0115 0718 MO 1355 2034

1.22 0.51 1.46 0.52

0259 0830 TU 1513 2215

2 3

1.05 0.67 1.38 0.54

0349 0351 1.170305 0534 0528 1.15 00 0230 0006 1.160214 0412 0433 1.07 0337 0.26 0.31 1.18 0.06 0215 1.07 0.18 0345 1 1.24 0.27 0328 1.17 0.28 171.43 2 0950 1711006 17 20555 19 4 28 19 4 1.52 13 13 10 10 0228 25 10 25 162 0045 1 16 16 0924 0.570921 1106 0.68 0938 0.66 0823 0.540817 1048 1.55 1154 1.55 11 1.65 0830 0906 0 0635 0.56 0737 0.68 0.50 0857 0.62 1.63 1553 1619 1.571538 1727 1830 1.38 10 1616 1700 1.40 1603 1502 1.511413 0.36 0.34 0.21 0.34 0.27 1425 0.21 0112 0654 TU 1329 2026

1.16 0.57 1.51 0.42

0350 0934 WE 1611 2302

1.16 0.52 1.59 0.35

0511 1.12

20 10401.22 0.62 0115 TH 1711 1.45 071823560.51 0.43 1.19 0502 MO1.21135505571.46 21 11310.52 6 1041 0.462034 0.57 TH 1714 1.70 FR 1758 1.50

22 4 0230 0823

3 0806

0.59 1441 1.52

0.24 1.30 FR 1142 0.38 1811 1.80

0035 0636 SA 1216 1838

8 0655

23 0711

1.39 SA 1239 0.30 1903 1.87

1.32 SU 1257 0.44 1915 1.58

0350 1.16 093401430.52 0142 0.08 0.29 9 0744WE1.461611 24 07451.59 1.38 SU 1332 0.24 MO 1335 0.39 230219500.35 1954 1.89 1.59

10 0228 0830

0.06 1.52 MO 1425 0.21 2043 1.85

0214 0.27

2130 1.75

2103 1.55

1.06 0.72 1.36 0.52

0440 1014 FR 1634 2322

1.23 0.59 1.55 0.28

0446 1019 SA 1630 2315

1.18 0.72 1.33 0.44

0516 1113 SU 1716 2343

1.39 0.55 1.44 0.31

0444 1036 MO 1632 2302

1.28 0.69 1.28 0.43

18 0957

0.72

3 1125

0.52

18 1125

0.66

3 1219

0.48

18 1142

0.62

1816 1.41 TU 1732 1.28 TH 1625 1.35 SA 1739 1.56 SU 1729 1.34 0350 1.160245 0511 1.12MO 0415 04562346 1.25 0010 0513 0.36 0428 0.36 0311 1.09 0112 1.16 0.27 0323 1.06 0.26 0440 1.23 0.30 0.41 0341 2321 0.09 0.48 2359 0.41 0934 0.52 1040 0.62 10340618 0.49 0622 1133 1.52 1047 1.56 0917 0.63 0654 0.57 1.48 0843 1032 0.720.321.65 1014 0.59 1.68 0030 1.48 1000 0534 1.55 1.15 0620 1.35 00150852 0.25 190.33 4 1652 19 19 41329 1106 0.22 0.68 06311453 1.43 0657 1.570.25 1240 0.52 1622 1220 0.58 1611 1.59 1711 1.45 1658 1.65 1204 1754 0.42 1709 0.37 1515 0.24 1.39 1.51 1516 1.36 1634 1.55 WE TH FR SA SU FR SA WE TH FR TU WE SA FR 1229 0.43 MO 1819 1.37 1318 0.41 WE 1829 1.29 FR 1727 1.38 2302 SU 0.35 2356 2354 0.43TU 2256 2342 2312 0.222225 1818 1.31 1.33 18372103 1.57 1911 2130 0.57 1.75 2026 0.42 1.55 2224 0.521.371.45 2322 0.28 1.42

1630 SU 1 1.42 0 1921 2315

20 0701 20 50230 200.28 0700 1.45 0741 1.60 0418 07180316 1.53 0622 0.16 1.22 0557 1.195 0452 0550 1.35 0050 0502 1.21 0552 0.47 0508 0.43 0353 1.05 1.13 0434 1.081.650.35 0540 1.32 0.34 1410 0.35 TH 1331 0.40 SA 1204 0.61 MO 1325 0.35 TU 1309 0.49 1131 0.57WE 1113 11361922 0.40 0701 1041 0.46 1220 1.47 1133 1.55 1002 0.67 0806 0.59 1.52 0957 0.721.341.63 1125 0.52 1.71 1905 1.39 2001 1.31 1040 19290928 1.56 1818 1.56 1.42 1758 1.50 1755 1.71 1252 1714 1.70 1852 0.50 1804 0.40 1607 1.38 1.52 1625 1.35 1739 1.56 FR 0.33 SA SU 0.24 TH SA0.34 SU MO FR 1740 TH SA 0050 0.27 0.38 0114 0151 0.370.31 0114 0.36 1710 01451534 0.23 WE 1441 TH SU SA 6 2341 21 0745 1.72 2313 1.36 21 211.50 62141 0701 1.62 1.31 0737 1.56 0822 08022142 1.62 1902 2218 0.54 0.37 2321TH 0.481.701.33 1457 0.30 FR 1422 0.29 SU 1252 0.53 TU 1416 0.28 WE 1354 0.39

1729 MO 1 1.46 10 2018 2359

0.43 01 0446 14 11 5 29226 20 14 11 10 17 11 5 226 20 17 17 0028 1.22 0605 1019 0.61 11 1235 0456 1034 FR 1658 2342

1.25

0010 0.43

0037 0.37

0101 0.23

0112 0.34

0030 0.38

0.38 01 0537 15 12 6 30327 21 15 12 00 18 0117 18 12 6 327 21 18 1.31 0645 1125 0.53 11 1320

0.49 0259 1.65 0830 0.22 1513 1.35 TU0550 WE 6 1136 0.40 2215 SA 1755 1.71

1902 1.46

1949 1.40

2018 1.52

2048 1.30

2014 1.33

0035 0534 0.37 0528 0030 0015 0.160500 0127 0620 0.34 01 0001 0349 0.240351 1.07 0.26 1.17 0.31 1.15 0.44 0.25 0.40 22 221.55 22428 70924 7 1154 22 7 1.55 22 7 1.59 13 13 00 28 19 19 13 0433 4 19 0636 1.25 0739 1.461125 0738 1.39 0602 1.301006 1048 1220 0.66 0.57 1106 0.68 0631 1.43 1.71 1216 0.50 1830 0.38 1331 0.301802 0.26 1335 0.45 1 1142 0.381619 0.34 1700 0.34

1.16 0412 0.37 0.16 7 0030 1.25 0739 1.46 0.54 0938 0.50 1331 0.30 SU 1616 1.55 1.74 TH TU 1502 1.51 WE1947 215301100.46 2310 0054 0.14 0.33 0215 0.13

7 0001 0602

0323 0843 WE 1516 2224

WE TH FR FR TU MO 1227 TH 1414 SA SA 1 MO 1.42 TU 1.53 WE 1.40 TH 1.55 SU 1311 TU TH 1522 FR 1525 22450533 0.30 2310 0.49 2210 2153 0.46 2305 1.46 2225 1.42 1958 0.55 2120 0.531.481.57 1910 0.43 1.59 2222 0.31 1.47 2225 20 0609 1.37 2141 0230 1.13 2043 0434 1.85 1.08 05402026 1.32 0537 1.26

0146 0014 1.31 WE 2141 0.37 0727 0.46 0412 1.07 0349 1.17 0230 1.16 4 0823SU0.540625 19 4 0938 0.66 0924 0.57 1409 1255 1.44 MO TU TH 1553 1.57 TU 1502 1.51 WE 1616 1.40 0.49 2245 0.30 2153 0.46 2107 191723100.54

10 21

8 0824

1.54 MO 1424 0.24 2036 1.72

0511 1040 0258 0.14 9 0908 1.61 1711 FR TH TU 1515 0.21 2356 2124 1.66

0127 0738 MO 1335 1942

0.34 1.39 0.45 1.49

0224 0845 WE 1505 2104

0.25 1.68 0.25 1.47

0150 0815 TH 1438 2034

0.32 1.66 0.30 1.41

0229 0901 FR 1540 2132

0.40 1.73 0.28 1.27

0158 0830 SA 1511 2106

0.34 1.83 0.19 1.34

23 0812

1.48

8 0925

1.71

23 0854

1.75

8 0939

1.74

23 0917

1.91

1.40 SA SU MO MO 1819 FR SA 1.38 TU 1 FR 1.57 SU 0.43 TH 1553 FR 1727 SU 1229 1838 1.55 0305 0.44194702451837 1.74 1811 1.80 2305 0.49 2245 0.30 1.42 1.57 1942 1.49 1 0200 1.46 0.30 03012225 0.30 0229 0.31 0.34

0.38 1552 0.24 FR 1524 0.23 1621 0.28 SU 1601 0.11 TU 1415 0054 TH 0110 0.33SA 0028 021521590101 0.13 0200 0037 0.30 00 0.14 0513 1.12 0456 1.25 0.36 0010 0.431.241.22 0.23 1.28 2020 0.36 1.50 21500428 1.39 2121 1.39 2215 1.34 0006  Copyright of Australia 0711 1.32 0605 082403340718 1.54 0812 1.48 01 0655 1.39 0.54 1133 0.62 1034 0.49 1.56 0622 1.220.48Commonwealth 0700 1.53 0.47 0232 1.52 0.29 0342 03381047 0.36 0309 0.33 0.34 0545 24 91658 240.37 9 1235 24 0845 0.42 1.55 1015 1.721.53 10031709 1.72 0936 1.82 10061325 1.95 1213 1257 0.44 1424 0.24 1415 0.38 1239 0.30 1754 1.45 1.65 1204 0.61 1309 0.35 SU MO TU 1.68 SA SU WE 10 SA MO FR FR SA TU MO Datum Predictions is Lowest Astrono 1700 0.29 MO 1637 0.26 SA 1612 0.17 1652 0.08 WE 1456 0.32 SUof 1915 1.58 1921 203622531929 2020 1905 1.50 21 1903 1.87 2354 1.33 0.43 2342 0.22 1.421.210.44 2100 1.31 1.50 2256 22342312 1.32 2211 1.37 1.34 1900 LAT 34° 29ʼ 1818 LONG 150°1.72 55ʼ 1.56 0.29

23 20 14 8 529 23 20 14 8 529 20 14 PORT KEMBLA – NEW SOUTH WALES 0337 0.18

0305 0.28

Times are standard time (UTC + 0418 in 0.53local 0427 0.37

0414 0.43

0352 0.36

100550 25 10 25 1056 25 08171.21 25 0232 0114 0.29 00 0142 0.08 0143 0.29 0258 0.14 1.43 10 0950 1.65 0552 0921 0.47 1.63Times 10420508 1.70 1021 1.85 1.95Waters 1051 0.43 0117 1.13 0105 0557 1.19 1.35 0050 0.381.69and 0502 0145 0.23 1.21 and Heights of High Low New0737 Moo01 Moon Phase 0.15 1740 0.32Symbols TU 1413 0.36 WE 1603 0.21 TH 1538 0.27 SA 1720 0.29 SU 1702 TU 1745 0.08 0845 1.55 0744 1.46 0745 1.38MO 0908 1.61 0645 1131 0.57 1136 0.40 1.55 0701 1.311.180.62 1041 0.46 1.62 0.54 2026 1.59 2210 1.57 1220 2141 1.47 1.47 23181133 1.25 2303 1.33 23480802 1.33 0638 2337 OCTOBER SEPTEMBER NOVEMBER 1456 0.32 1332 0.24 1335 0.39 1515 0.21 1852 0.50 1804 0.40 1320 1.46 1308 1.63 1758 1.71 1252 0.53 0.28 WE WE 1354 SU MO 0440 TU SA SU MO 0456 TU TH 10 FR0415 SU0.41 TH0.09171402451.70 TU 0.27 0.26 1.50 0341 0.30SA 1755 0448 0.51 0.57 05211416 0.40 11 Time 11 0311 26 1128 1.640.50 0917 1.55 26 0852 1.48 11 1032 1.65 26 1000 1954 1.68 11 1119 1.65 261950 1109 1.85 11482018 1.89 2005 2100 1.50 T 1.89 1.59 2124 1.66 2018 0.32 21 1949 1902 1.46 1.52 m Time m Time m Time m Time m TU 1515 0.22 WE 1453 0.33 TH 1652 0.25 FR 1622 0.24 SU 1804 0.34 MO 1756 0.16 TU 1819 0.36 WE 1838 0.11

21 15 9 630 24 21 15 9 630 24 21 15 2256 1.45

2225 1.42

0045 1.18 0541 0.410452 0006 1.24 0127 0328 1.17 0228 0030 0.06 0.27 0215 033700450224 0.18 0305 0213 0035 0.16 0214 0.341.161.07 00010316 0.24 0.25 1.17 0.35 0.37 0002 1.18 0000 1.28 0019 1.31 0.28 0418 0.34 27 0928 12 1113 27 270817 12 0737 27 06180845 1203 0555 0.500.47 0857 0.62 0536 0.610.68 1.52 1.43 1040 0.56 1.71 12 1.63 0635 0526 0.58 0531 0.45 0742 0830 1.52 1.43 0950 1.65 0921 0.60 0636 1.25 0739 1.46 0738 1.39 0602 1.30 1.68 FR 1740 0.31 SA 1710 0.24 MO 1158 1.59 TU 1200 1.81 WE 1206 1.58 TH 1242 1.79 TH 1534 0.33 1414 1814 1227 1.53 1522 1.55 1425 0.21 0.36 1603 0.21 1538 1216 0.50 0.30 1335 0.45 0.38 0.25 SU MO TU SA TH1411 MO TU 1413 WE TH 1.58 1901 0.401.40 2142 1.50 0.51 2313 1.42 1.36SU 1331 1.33 1311 1849 0.40 1853 19321505 0.18 WE TH SA2341 MO0.19 FR 1142 WE TIMES AND 1958 0.55 1910 0.43 1942 2222 0.31 1.85 1.59 2120 2210 1.57 2141 1838 1947 1.74 2026 1.491.140.53 181103511.80 1.47 0.33 0105 0433 0.26 0.31 0528 0.44 1.55 0500 2043 0.40 0049 1.13 0100 1.24 01442104 1.31 2115

7 1

12 0353 1002

0.16 1.56 WE 1607 0.27 2218 1.62

13 1048

1.55 TH 1700 0.34 2305 1.46

28 1006

1.55

0.34 FR 1619 0014 0054 0.14 2225 1.42 0625 0655 1.39 0513 0.36 0428 0.36 14 1133SA1.521239 29 1.56 1255 0.30 SU1047 FR 1754 0.42 SA 1709 0.37 1917 19032312 1.87 2354 1.31 1.33

8 2

15 0552 1220

0.47 1.47 SA 1852 0.50

0508 0.43

30 1133 0115 1.55 0142 0.08 0.40 SU 1804 0718 0744 1.46 0.24 MO 1355 SU 1332 1954 2034 1.89

9 3

0.28 00 16 01 22 16 10 7 1 25 22 16 10 7311 25 22 0150 1.63 0815 0.27 1

13 1154

1.59

28 1125

1.71

13 0606

0.64

28 0629

0.53

13 0621

0.66

28 0720 OF0.51HIGH HEIGHTS

1438 FR 0 1.47 21 2034

1247 1.50 FR 1338 1.66 0.26 1238 1.52 WE 1255 1.73 SA 1830 0.38 0146 SU 1802 1.09 TU 1.31 0112 1.16 0200 0440 1.23 0229 0311 0.09 0.27TH 0323 041520280301 0.26 0.30 00 0.300.431.06 0110 0.33 0215 0.13 0245 0.30 0341 1946 1939 0.45 1953 0.23 0.25 AND2016, LOW1.65 WATERS 0.460028 0727 0.63 0654 0.57 0843 1014 0.59 0917 1.55 0852 1.48 1032 1.68 11  Copyright Commonwealth of Australia Bureau of Meteor 0812 1.481.140.72 0711 1.32 0824 1.54 1.71 1000 0854 1.22 0006 1.28 0142 1.10 0204 1.23 0156 02450925 01.32 LAT 34 29’ 1634 14 14 29 141424 29 29TH 0605 0.54 1409 0545 1.39 0.47 0655 0732 0.58 0714 0.701.36 0828 0.56 1.44 1329 1.51 1516 1.55 1515 0.22 1453 0.33 1652 0.25 0.24 1415 0.38 1257 0.44 0.24 1552 0.24 1524 SA 10 MO TU 0.69 WE FR TU WE TH FR 1622 TU SU MO FR Datum of Predictions is Lowest Astronomical Tide 1235 1.53 1213 1.68 1325 1.45 1355 1.65 1334 1.43 1438 1.53 SU MO WE SA 0 0.54 2026 0.420.27 0.28 2121 2130 1.75 1.55FR 2224 2256 1.45 1.42 21 LONG 150 2020 1.500.450.52 1915 1.58 2036 1.72TH2103 2150 1.39 2225 1921 0.44 2107 1900 0.57 0.29 2032 0.48 2056 2034 2123 0.3155’2322

23 17 11 8 2 26 23 17 11 8 2 26 23 17

Times0105 are1.21in local standard time (UTC +10:00) or daylight savings 0241 1.09 0313 1.25 0252 1.16 0347 1.36 0540 1.32 0309 0.34 00 0.36 0418 First Quart 1125 0.52 0936 1.71 11 1.72 1040

0117 1.13

15 0645 30 300316 15 0434 30 09410338 0230 1.130.60 1.22 0452 0.35 0353 0.16 0.28 0755 0.73 0.62 0259 0638 1.05 0.54 15 0845 0815 0.731.08 0.58 0232 0.29 0143 0.29 0258 0.14 Moon Phase Symbols 1421 1.38 FR 1501 1.56 New 1.46 TU 1308 1.63 1429 1.40 TH MO 1320 Moon SU 15441.63 0806 0.590.29 0.51 1113 1002 1.56 1.52SA 0957 0845 1.551.36 0745 1.38 0908 1.61 0928 2130 0.49 2018 0.50 0830 2005 0.67 0.32 2156 2125 0.460.72 22161003 0.37 1.38 1.52 1.46 1740 0.31 1607 0.27 0.33 0.32 0.39 0.21 TU 1513 WE 1441 TH 1625 SA FR 1.35 WE TH 1534 WE 1456 MO 1335 FR 0213 1.17TU 1515 04461637 1.42 31 31 10572234 0742 0.54 0.60 0.57 0.37 2100 0.52 1950 2215 2341 1.33 2218 1.62 2141 1.50 2321 1.50 0.48 1.59 2124 1.66 2142

27 24 18 24 18 12 9 3 27 24 18 12 9 3 1739 1.56 0.24 1 1710 WE 1411 1.58 2115 0.33

MO 1651 1.30 2307 0.40

0.26 SU 0 SA SA 1612 1.36 21 1.32 2313 2211

1.17 0305 0.25 0352 0528 0414 0433 0337 0.31 0534 0.40 00 0.43 0500 0.06 1.16 0214 0412 0.18 0351 19 11 19 0.28 13 1.15 13 1.07 28 28 10 0.444 0015 25 10 02284 0230 25 19 0.27 10 0.264 0349 25 0631 1.43 1021 1.71 1.70 1125 1229 1802 0.43 0.26 1

0938 0.66 0.57 0921 0823 1154 1042 1.59 1048 1.55 0924 1.55 1106  Copyright0830 Commonwealth of Australia Bureau of Meteorology 1.52 0.54 08172016, 1.43 0950 1.65 1006 1.63 0.68 Datum of Predictions is Lowest Astronomical Tide 1.57 1.51 1830 0.38 1700 0.34 0.34 0.21 1413 0.36 0.21 0.27 WE 1616 TH 1553 FR 1727 TU 1502 SU SA 1.38 TH 1.40 FR 1619 SA 1720 MO 1425 TU WE 1603 TH 1538 Times are in local standard +10:00) or daylight (UTC 2225 +11:00) 2310 0.49 0.30 when 2153 0.46(UTC 2305savings 1.46time2245 1.42in effect 2318 2043 1.85 time 2026 1.59 2210 1.57 2141 1.47 Moon Phase Symbols New Moon First Quarter Full Moon Last Quarter

0.29 MO 0 SU SU 1702 1837 1.25 1.57 2303 1

1.25 0341 0.23 0440 0513 0415 0.36 0456 0.36 0010 0028 0448 1.22 0101 1.28 00 0.26 0428 0.51 0006 0.09 1.16 0245 0511 0.27 1.12 0.30 0.43 20 01 5 0350 20 1040 5 1034 20 0622 5 0718 14 1.22 14 0.62 29 29 11 11 26 11 0311 26 0934 0.52 0852 0.49 1000 1.53 1109 1133 1.52 1.56 0605 0.54 0.47 1032 1.65 1047 1119 1.65 0545 0917 1.55 26 1.48 1.68 1611 1.59 1711 1.45 1.65 0.37 1204 0.61 0.35 1.68 1 1754 0.42 1658 1709 1235 1.53 1325 1213

The Bureau of Meteorology gives no warranty of any kind whether express, implied, statutory or otherwise in respect to the availability, accuracy, currency, completeness, quality or reliability of the information or that the information will be fit for any particular purpose or will not infringe any third party Intellectual Property rights. The Bureau’s liability for any loss, damage, cost or expense resulting from use of, or reliance on, the information is entirely excluded.

TU 0 WE 0.22 WE 1453 TH 0.33 FR 0.25 SA 0.24 MO 0.34 FR SA SU MO MO 1756 TH 1652 SU 1804 TU 1515 FR 1622 0.22 2225 1.56 0.29 1 2354 2256 1.31 2342 1.33 1818 1921 0.44 1929 1900 1.45 2312 2130 2302 1.75 0.35 2103 2356 1.55 0.43 1.42 1.42

SEPTEMBER 2515 1.35 0418 0.23 0000 0552 0452 0.47 0550 0.43 0117 1.13 0145 1.21 01 0.16 1.21 0316 0557 0.28 1.19 0.35 0508 0.34 0.38 0002 1.18 0105 21 1131 6 1136 21 0050 21 00 6 0502 6 0802 15 0.57 30 15 1.31 30 12 0353 12 27 12 27 0.40 1040 0701 1041 0.46 0928 1.62 0531 1220 1.47 1.55 0645 0.62 0.54 1002 1.56 27 1.52 1113 1.63 1133 1.71 0526 0.58 0638 1758 1.50 1.71 0.40 1252 0.53 1714 1.70 0.28 1.63 1 1852 0.50 1755 1804 1320 1.46 1416 1308 31

TH 0.27 WE 1607 2218 1.62

FR 0.33 SA TH 1534 2142 1.50

SA 0.31 SU FR 1740 2341 1.33

SU 0.24 WE 1 TU 1.59 MO MO 1158 TU SA 1710 TU 1200 1.52 1853 2018 1849 0.50 2018 0.32 10 2313 1902 1.36 1.46 0.40 2005

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