AIR YING CHEN 397888
Introduction
ABOUT ME I am Ying CHEN, a third-year architecture major at University of Melbourne. I come from the largest and rapidly developing country in the world- China. I grow up in the background that urbanization seems like be completed as if blink. The architecture in China has evolved dramatically in these years, which raises my interest.
Through the study of virtual environment, earth studio as well as water studio, I gain the technology to use the software, such as rhino, sketch up and Auto CAD, to complete my design in digital way.
CONTENTS PART A
A.1 DESIGN FUTURE A.2 DESIGN COMPUTATION A.3 COMPOSITION/ GENERATION A.4 CONCLUSION A.5 LEARNING OUTCOMES A.6 APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES5
1 7 13 19 20 21
A.1 DESIGN FUTURE
Our world is currently expe-
rienced a damage which would impact the future of the planet and the life on it, including climate change, ecological systems.1 Facing this situation, the design of how future would be is vital. The future is depended on either an unexpected cataclysmic event or the way we choose to live.2 As for the design, it refers that the action to shape the form, operation, appearance and perceptions of the material world we occupy
by designer and designed objects, images, systems and things.3 Since we have created so much ecological damages, design is the way to extend the future of our world. Furthermore, the one of the key issues about the relation between creation and destruction is focused on the renewable resource.4 While the media currently concerned about the damage, such as change of the temperature, melting of polar ice shelves and weather pattern, the actual
damages, including its impact to biodiversity, human settlement pattern, agriculture and son on, are ignored.5 As the agenda of LAGI, many architects pay attention on advancing the successful implementation of sustainable design solutions by integrating art and interdisciplinary creative processes into the conception of renewable energy within architecture discourse.6
1
A.1.1 Precedent Project
TREE
Yijie Dang, Tom Tang New York City, USA
The past competition entry of
Tree define the agenda of Fresh Kill Park program is that restoring the nature by manmade interention with the inspiration of three as a symbol of renewal and the interconnectedness of all things. It not sucessfully expand the future possibility towards sustainability but also response to the site, including its current situation, historical elements and demand of inhabitants.
Considering the current soil
situation of the site is not deep enough to support large roots of the trees with a wide canopy, they creat an articfical tree with recycled industral balloons and PVC pipes, whose canopy can be increased by the sun, to satisfy the need of shadowing that the inhabitants expected and refer to the history of the site as landfill cap.
FIGURE.1 Diagram of Principle of Tree 2
Tree brings a brand new ap-
proach to future. The electricty energy will be collected while the balloon sway and the PVCs branch bending with kinetic generators, piezoelectric generators and LEDs. At night, the balloon reduce its size and glow as a sculptual. In this way, it expands the a new method to achieve energy efficiency in term of both practical and experienced factors.
F
FIGURE.2 Day Perspective of Tree
FIGURE.3 Day Perspective of Tree 3
A.1.1 Precendent Projects
RMIT DESIGN HUB -- Photovoltaics Sean Godsell RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, 2012
FIGURE.5 Elevation of RMIT Design Hub
4
It is hard to miss the building that located at the
corner of Melbourne city as its impressed façade. This new RMIT design hub is designed to provide accommodation various design research and postgraduate education within the warehouse structure. This building adopts warehouse structure to allow more flexibility and possibility to the space usage according to different situation need. This means its future function areas division does not tie with the current design plan. The design hub has lots of environmentally sustainable design features and has achieved a 5-star Green Star Education Rating in environmentally sustainable design. It involves in strategies of water, waste and recycling management. Nevertheless, the focal point is the outer skin of the
building, which adopt the automated shading that includes photovoltaic cell, evaporative cooling and fresh air. Especially, the photovoltaic effect can turn the soloar radiation energy into current electricty. This technology enhances the performance of this hub in designing future. This means in this way, the internal air quality and the energy running cost is reduced, which is meet the requirement of future design – sustainability. Furthermore, the photovoltaic cells of this hub is designed with the capacity to be upgraded solar energy evolves by replacing photovoltaic panel as research, in order to achieve the aim that generate enough electricity to run the whole building. Although, its conversion effieciency is still limited by technology today, but the design has the potential to apply further advanced technologies to improve the efficiency in the future.
FIGURE.5 Design Details of Design Hub (Photovoltaics)
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REFERENCE (A.1)
1
Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16.
2
Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16.
Ferry, Robert & Elizabeth Monoian, ‘Design Guidelines’, Land Art Generator Initiative, Copenhagen, 2014. pp 1 – 10. 3
4
Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16.
5
Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16.
6
Review: Land Art Generator Initiative Competition Entries, 2012
IMAGE FIGURE.1-3: TREE, Yijie Dang, Tom Tang, New York City, USA, Retrive from http://landartgenerator.org/LAGI-2012/YJBLLJSL/. FIGURE.4 & 5: RMIT DESIGN HUB,Sean Godsell, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, 2012, retrive from http://www.designhub.rmit.edu.au.
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A.2 DESIGN COMPUTATION
Computation is always con-
fused with computerization, which means using the computers to enter, process, or store entities or processes that are already conceptualized in designers’ mind in a computer system the architecture.1 In these days, it has become a dominant mode of utilizing computers in architecture. For example, many architects adopt virtual drafting board in computer as it is easier to edit, copy and increase the
precision of drawings. However, computation acts more like a tool to determine some properties by mathematical or logical methods with calculating process.2 As the notions of design methods in architecture would be changed with advanced technology of its age, in this Information Age, the trendy that design process is not detached from computation has become irreversible. This is because that computation is not
only involves the digitization of entities or processes that already defined in architect’s mind, but also provide more possibilities and opportunities to extend the designers’ abilities to deal with highly complex situations during the computational process, as the nature of computer is good at dealing with analysis of complexity unambiguously, which is a exploration of indeterminate, vague, unclear, and often ill-defined processes.3
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A.2 Precendent Projects
ICD | ITKE Research Pavilion ICD / ITKE University of Stuttgart Stuttgart, Germany, 2011
FIGURE.1 Perspective of ICD | ITKE Research Pavilion
This is a project designed by
Institute for Computational Design (ICD) and the Institute of Building Structures and Structural Design (ITKE), together with students at the University of 8
Stuttgart to integrate the biological principles of the sea urchin’s plate skeleton morphology into architecture through various methods of computation. Hence, the possibility of effectively
extending the recognized bionic principles and related performance to a range of different geometries is maximized, due to the process of computation.
As the focus of this project is the geometric arrangement of sand dollar’s plates and their joining system, the computational design process is around this theme. The characters of sand dollar morphology force the design of pavilion meet the fundamental properties, such as Heterogeneity, Anisotropy and Hierarchy. A closed, digital information loop between the project’s model, finite element simulations and computer numeric machine control is a basic requirement for designing, developing and realizing of the complex morphology. As form finding and structural design are closely interlinked, it becomes an approach to turn the complex geometry into a finite element program for analyzing and modifying the critical points of the model via the optimized data exchange scheme. On the other hand,
the designers used the computation to test glued and bolted joints experimentally and included the results in the structural calculations at the same time. The production of the plates and finger joints of each cell were operated university’s robotic fabrication system. The architects set custom program to provide the basis for the automatic generation of the machine code (NCCode) for controlling an industrial seven-axis robot in the computer model. This means through this technology, economical production of thousands of geometrically different components and finger joints freely arranged in space can be made. Then the participants can combine these prefabricated module cells, which were joined together following the robotic production, into the final construction work.
FIGURE.2 Perspective of Pavilion
FIGURE.3 Utilization Diagram
FIGURE.4 Fabrication Data Model
FIGURE.5 Geometric Constraints of Toolpath Generation 9
A.2 Precendent Project
As Autumn Leaves
Laboratory for Computational Design (LCD) Beijing, China, 2013
FIGURE.6 Detail of the Facade
A
“ s Autumn Leaves” is a spatial installation located in a historic Hutong in Beijing, which is designed and built by students of the Laboratory for Computational Design. This project reflects the ephemerality of nature through investigating the leaves falling in autumn. In order to achieve this agenda to show the pattern and geometries of leaves falling, the designers adopt the computational process to explore the variation and adaptability within the system of geometric growth patterns and geometries related to natural logics and materials. The students of LCD used parametric design tool not only for 10
defining systemic and formal languages but also cataloging and locating components for ease of assembly. They adopted laser cutting technology to fabricate individual acrylic components digitally, pre-assembled them into ‘families’, and then aggregated the pieces on site. As the structural integrity can be solidified via tensioning of the acrylic ‘Leaves’, which refers to bending the components inherent to the material, the LCD set up a modeling program based physics to generate and evaluate wind and gravitational forces in the installations. By hybridizing material and spatial research with advanced structural calculations AAL float above, around,
and through existing spaces. Tensioning of the acrylic ‘Leaves’ through bending, inherent to the material, solidified structural integrity. Designers used physics based modeling programs to generate and evaluate wind and gravitational forces in their installations. Through the computational design process, the designers float above, around, and through existing spaces as they hybridized material and researched spatial with advanced structural calculations.
FIGUR
E.8 Di
fferent iation
FIGURE.7 Perspective of As Autumn Leaves FIGURE.9 Component Logic
11
REFERENCE (A.2)
Oxman, Rivka and Robert Oxman, eds (2014). Theories of the Digital in Architecture (London; New York: Routledge), pp. 1–10. 1
Kalay, Yehuda E. (2004). Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 5-25. 2
Kalay, Yehuda E. (2004). Architecture’s New Media: Principles, Theories, and Methods of Computer-Aided Design (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 5-25.Fry, Tony (2008). Design Futuring: Sustainability, Ethics and New Practice (Oxford: Berg), pp. 1–16. 3
ICD | ITKE Research Pavilion , ICD / ITKE University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2011. Retrived from http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=6553. As Autumn Leaves, Laboratory for Computational Design (LCD), Beijing, China, 2013. Retrived from http://www.archdaily.com/451572/lcd-exhibits-as-autumn-leaves-at-beijing-s-2013-design-week/.
IMAGE FIGURE. 1-5: ICD | ITKE Research Pavilion , ICD / ITKE University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2011. Retrived from http://icd.uni-stuttgart.de/?p=6553. FIGURE. 6- 9: As Autumn Leaves, Laboratory for Computational Design (LCD), Beijing, China, 2013. Retrived from http://www.archdaily.com/451572/lcd-exhibits-as-autumn-leaves-at-beijing-s-2013-designweek/.
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A.3 COMPOSITION/ GENERATION
An algorithm refers to an unambiguous, precise, list of simple operations applied mechanically and systematically to a set of tokens or objects.1 This means the designers can set a parametric system to input the initial data state and then gain the final state as output through the computational operation. Based on this theory, algorithmic thinking means using the algorithm method to explore a design for better understanding and description, more modified options, as well as further design potentials.2 As a result, the Architecture is
currently experiencing a shift from the drawing to the algorithm as the method of capturing and communicating designs.3 The parametric modeling technologies allow designers to explore designs and simulate performance, in term of both physical and experiential.4 This means the ability of architects to construct complex models of buildings and gain performance feedback about these models is enhanced with the algorithm and parametric. However, this computational method not only contributes to the complexity of building a project, but also multitude of param-
eters instrument of a building’s formation.5 Nevertheless, there is a shortcoming that the scripting of the design would degenerate to an isolated craft instead of integration, if advantaged computational skills are allowed to obscure and diverts from the real design objectives.6 Furthermore, although the computation can simulate the performance of the design, usually the real practical performance of the design is involve the uncertain elements, like the movement of the people and the structure among them.
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A.3.1 Precendent Projects
LIGHT FOREST
Architectural Association (AA) DLAB London / Hooke Park, England, 2013
FIGURE.1 Perspective of Light Forest
14
As Peters mentioned only if architects have a sufficient understanding of algorithmic concepts and admit the digital is not an alien within architectural discourse, the computation can become a true method of design for architecture. In order to achieve this aim, AA DLAB Visiting School had a prototype that involve computation process, such as integration of algorithmic and generative design methodologies and digital fabrication tools, in AA London and Hooke Park. DLAB first set up the agenda that creating a Light Forest grows and illuminates its surroundings, which has communication between itself and the people around it, on the ground or on the wall. With this agenda, the designers investigated natural growth processes of the light in relation to innovative concepts of architectural tectonics and fabrication. Then, the generated de-
sign idea is carrying through the whole design process, as there is a tied interaction among the concepts of emergence, differentiation as well as complexity. In this way, it provides an opportunity to consider the design as full-scale working prototypes. For example, the designers discovered means of how to integrate the diffusion of light with other architectural parameters that are essential in generating diverse spatial qualities through the design process. The designers also applied the algorithmic thinking to the design. They explored the design by setting up the algorithmic computational system, which reflected the characteristics of self-organization within a range of scales in nature. In the context of DLAB’s design task, diffusion elements have become the lower level components inscribed with information relating to their physical constraints, form,
reaction to external stimuli, and interaction with one another. Students have observed the behavior of the generative systems with the manipulation of input parameters and the performance of the resulting simulations. The computational toolset of the workshop has been Processing, Grasshopper and Arduino. Since the designers aimed to transform static built models to animated kinetic prototypes for showing a more hierarchical design arrangement, they have done the prototype test in a digital way. There is no doubt that it enhances the capacity to test more possibilities and more complex prototypes. However, as this project, the mode of the light involves not only direct interaction of the people around it and the physical structural, but also the indirect interaction among these people through the physical structure.
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A.3.2 Precendent Projects
Arum
Zaha Hadid Architects Venice Biennale, 2012
FIGURE.2 Photo of Arum
Arum is a project that Zaha
Hadid Architects designed for the Venice Biennale 2012 to respond to its theme “ Common Ground” which means the current architectural culture is relied on a rich historical continuity of diverse ideas instead of some singular talents. As for Arum, it is designed to pay the respect to the Frei Otto, who made a great contribution in paving the way for material-structural form-finding processes. The designers applied computation to this project with algometric thinking, parametric modeling as well scripting culture. The architects realized once they 16
put more design research and work evolved on the basis of the algorithmic form generation, the more appreciation for the previous contribution of architectural pioneers like Frei Otto they gain. Hence, they expanded scripting culture of Frei Otto’s method via include its environmental as well as structural logics unambiguously and precisely. In this way, they moved Frei’s theory from material to computational simulations. Then the designers can gain further understanding about richness, organic coherence and fluidity of the forms and spaces that they desire could emerge rationally from an intricate balance of forces that are handled by computation.
Furthermore, the designers adopted the algorithmic thinking to achieve the shift from composition to generation, as they explored shell structure and tensile structures with the idea that generating intensive and extensive qualities and establishing intricate relationships within architectural systems and subsystems in order to form complex and coherent spatial arrangements. In addition, the designers applied a lot of technologies about Parametric Semiology and Parametricism to analysis and model the complex design. This makes it possible to build such complex prototype design in real.
FIGURE.3 Render of Arum
FIGURE.4 Photo of Arum
17
REFERENCE (A.3) Definition of ‘Algorithm’ in Wilson, Robert A. and Frank C. Keil, eds (1999). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (London: MIT Press), pp. 11, 12 1
Peters, Brady. (2013) ‘Computation Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’, Architectural Design, 83, 2, pp. 08-15 2
Peters, Brady. (2013) ‘Computation Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’, Architectural Design, 83, 2, pp. 08-15. 3
Peters, Brady. (2013) ‘Computation Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’, Architectural Design, 83, 2, pp. 08-15 4
Definition of ‘Algorithm’ in Wilson, Robert A. and Frank C. Keil, eds (1999). The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (London: MIT Press), pp. 11, 12 5
Peters, Brady. (2013) ‘Computation Works: The Building of Algorithmic Thought’, Architectural Design, 83, 2, pp. 08-15 6
LIGHT FOREST, Architectural Association (AA) DLAB, London / Hooke Park, England, 2013. Retrived from http://www.archdaily.com/442546/aa-dlab-2013-light-forest/. Arum, Zaha Hadid Architects, Venice Biennale, 2012. Retrived from http://www.zaha-hadid. com/2012/08/16/venice-architecture-biennale-common-ground/.
IMAGE FIGURE. 1: LIGHT FOREST, Architectural Association (AA) DLAB, London / Hooke Park, England, 2013. Retrived from http://www.archdaily.com/442546/aa-dlab-2013-light-forest/. FIGURE. 2- 4: Arum, Zaha Hadid Architects, Venice Biennale, 2012. Retrived from http://www.zaha-hadid.com/2012/08/16/venice-architecture-biennale-common-ground/.
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A.4 CONCULSION
As the sustainability has a great impact on the future of our world, renewable energy has become important issue within architectural discourse with advanced technologies during the design and construction process.
through parametric design process. It involves the exploration of indeterminate, vague, unclear, and often ill-defined processes, rather than only digitalization the design that preformed in designers’ mind.
Computation as a method to produce the much more complex design and provide more opportunity to solve the design problem
However, there is a shortcoming that the scripting of the design would degenerate to an isolated craft instead of integration, if ad-
vantaged computational skills are allowed to obscure and diverts from the real design objectives. In addition, although the algometric design can simulate the performance of the design both experiential and practical, there are still some uncertain factors would influenced the design performance result.
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A.5 LEARNING OUTCOMES
Through last few weeks study, I learnt that parametric design is important in the architectural designing for better future. Based on the principle and the nature of the computation, more basic researches we do and algorithm in to computational system as
20
input, more outputs, which refer to the possibilities about the solution of the complex problems and accuracy about the performance evaluation, we would gain. Hence, in the further study, we should extend the initial data with this thinking. Moreover, I
also gain a few basic technologies to do the parametric design in rhino with grasshopper tool, which would be necessary for the later designing process.
A.6 APPENDIX - ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES
These weeks algorithmic tasks give me the basic knowlege to algorthmic some spatial form and offer me opportunity to practice these skill. Through thses algorthim, the design can be clear descripted. 21
B.1 RESEARCH FIELD GEOMETRY
Taichung Metropolitan Opera Toyo Ito & Associates Taichung City, Taiwan
Geometry is the material system that our group chosen as the area for further design and development process. This is because the geometry method, including minimal surface, generating form finding and relaxed surface can provide more possibilities for exploring LAGI, while we adopt the solar energy as the main energy system, which require large scale surface and accurate angle for direct sunlight radiant. The geometry technique can help us to find a proper structure to achieve a durable, aesthetic and
efficient design. As the Taichung Metropolitan Opera, it adopts the computation to digitize the membrane structure model before optimizing the design with functional requirement. Similarly, the German Pavilion also used string to create spatial variations within a space. These variations can be considered for generating the new design idea.
FIG.1 TAICHUNG METROPOLITAN OPERA
B.2 CASE STUDY 1.0 GREEN LAVA VOID
ak Max; Peter Murphy; TOKO Sydney, Australia; Stuttgart, Germany, 2008
FIG.2 GREEN LAVA VOID
FIG.3 GREEN LAVA VOID This project uses the lycra fabric as the material to create a installation that the membrane can be suspended over 20 meter high void in the a heritage Customs House. This requires the digital fabrica-
FIG.4 GREEN LAVA VOID tion and engineering techniques to approach the accuracy of generating the pieces for forming the membrane.
B.2 CASE STUDY 1.0 MATRIX
A. Exoskeleton Component Through exoskeleton component, there are a lot of form variations due to the indexes about process of mesh forming based on the initial curves are alternative.
C. Stretch Ends of Orginal Form Stretching the ends of the original form to explore the relationship between different components. The variations of the outcome forms are limited, as lack of constraint, although the appearances of forms are quite dynamic.
As our design would focus on creating minimal surface structure, we take the Green Lava Void as the case to explore the formal variations and nature of such structure. In this case, the designers adopt
Kangaroo plug-in and exoskeleton, which is can interactive simulate, optimize, as well as find form of the structure, to control the stiffness, pulling and contracting of tensile strength.
C. KANGAROO Variation of this project though kangaroo plugin is not so successful, since some are points while others are the whole curve in the membrane. Therefore, we take create our own form to explore with the Kangaroo.
B. 3 CASE STUDY 2.0
ALLIANZ ARENA Herzog & de Meuron Munich, Germany,2005
FIG.5 ALLIANZ ARENA
This project has a curve structure surface with façade that divided up into diamond-shaped cushionsBehind, which is similar with our design desire that smooth curve surface attached with pieces of solar panels. Therefore, we take this project as a case study. There are different load-bearing systems- Cantilevered steel lattice girders from the primary structure of the roof, while the sec-
ondary support structure for the roof and vertical facades, structurally separate from the primary frame, is a rhomboid grid of steel girders, with field diagonals varying from 2×7 meters to 5×17 meters. This can be a reference for our further design. And the most important thing, we want to gain our own design idea from exploring the geometry of the Allianz Arena.
Here is the algorithm diagram of this project and how we vary its outcomes in grasshopper. According to theses algorithm components, there are many variations, which can create new design idea.
Grasshopper Diagram curve curve curve curve
divide surface merge
loft
shift list
series
polyline
flip matrix
explode
flatten tree
graft tree
shift list flatten tree
graft tree
flip matrix
shift list
curve curve divide surface
flip matrix
surface divide domain
isotrim
explode
series series
polyline polyline brep area list item list item list item list item
surface CP
domain
sub list
evaluate surface amplitude
flip
move
polyline polyline line
c
FIG.6 ALLIANZ ARENA
curve
pipe
end points
cull pattern cull pattern
polyline polyline polyline
edge surface
area
evaluate surface
cull pattern
polyline
cull pattern
merge 3
polyline
merge 3
polyline
move
surface CP amplitude
merge 3
interpolate curve
merge 3
loft
B.4 Technique: Development CASE STUDY 2.0 Matrix
B.5 Technique: Prototypes Physical Prototype for Solar Panel Installation
As we adopt the solar energy as the theme of our LAGI project, the solar panels that are used to collect the energy should be attached to the structure surface. Considering the durability and stability, we choose the most
stable triangle frame to do the physical prototype for the solar panel insulation. As shown in picture, the white triangle paper indicates the solar panel, which is attached to the steel frame. And the rest the frame would
be covered by glass for nature lighting during daytime. The small triangle units can adapt to every accurate angle based on the structure surface for maximize the solar energy collected, as a panel system.
Digital Prototype
Prototype 1 We apply the triangle solar panel pattern to a curve surface to see how the unit panels fit the surface angle. This aims to test the performance that the small solar panel fixed on large-scale surface for the further design. And the digital outcome proves the practicality and aesthetic about the solar panel installation.
Prototype 2 We gain the inspiration of the RMIT Design Hub to explore other possibilities for the LAGI project with solar panel system, in term of both pattern and geometry structure. In this prototype, we used the square solar panel patterns to increase solar panel surface are applied. And the turbo shape pattern for natural light transmission are adopted to save energy use for the project it self. However, as its geometry shape would cause some part of solar panel can not receive direct solar radiation, although the surface of solar panel increased, the efficiency of energy collect doesn’t not improve distinctively.
Prototype 3 In this prototype, we tried to approach to new possibilities of finding the form. We explored the geometry form and gain this result form.
B.6 Technique: Proposal Site Analysis LANDMARK
Refshaleoen, Copenhagen
FIG.7 context map
As shown in the figure above, the site is the waiting area for water taxi, opposite to the La Petite Sirene sculpture across river, and in a warehouse block. This means the site is located at a landmark, which is a cultural, historical and transport central point. Therefore, we want to development the LAGI design based on its cultural, functional and environmental situations. As it is in a warehouse block, the energy efficiency become necessary to achieve demonstration effect for the neighborhoods. Considering the site has the potential of solar energy, due its large discrepancy in daylight across the year, we adopt the solar energy collecting system as the energy resource of the project. FIG.8 site plan
FIG.11 DIGITAL MODEL
FIG.9 Porsche Pavilion
FIG.10 PEOPLE FLOW
The Porsche Pavilion takes inspiration from its namesake, the Porsche automobile, resembling the hood of the car. It has an organic shape with smooth curves forming a dynamic shape. As we decide the solar energy as the energy resource of the project, we believe that large smooth surfaces would be most beneficial and efficient in collecting the power. Hence we take the Porsche Pavilion as a precedent. One of the main aims of this project is to collect the solar energy. According to the sunlight radiant data of this site, if adopt efficient solar energy collection sys-
FIG.12 PHYSICAL PROTOTYPE
tem, it would not only can afford the lighting usage of itself (100 LED tube lights cost 6424kwh per year), but also can offer the energy for others purposes. And the efficiency of solar panel setting depends on the surfaces area and the angle for direct sunlight radiant. Therefore, we use the kangaroo pulg in, exoskeleton and other components in grasshopper like the designers did in the Green Lava Void project to explore a maximized and smooth surface for solar installation. As for the connection, the pieces of solar panel would be fixed triangle grid steel frame, which is the most durable structure. And
we do this proposal both in digital and physical model. Beside the energy collection, we also want to achieve other functions of this site. One of the features that our design approached is to lead people flow to the water taxi waiting area, which is next to the site. For example, there are projections to indicate passengers to that area. Also, the pavilion will play a role as a public leisure space for visitors. For instance, the solar paneled roof will also provide a shaded area for users to spend leisure time, creating a public friendly space.
FIG.13 PHYSICAL PROTOTYPE
The shape of the pavilion is based on the organic shape of a wave. And we put this into computation design process to explore the possibilities of the form finding. And then we tried to gain the variations via applying geometry method in grasshopper and rhino. Furthermore, we analysis these outcomes to select the most smooth roof surface structure that we want to create for maximize the area of the solar panel installations. However, we don’t want to applied the solar
panel on the whole roof, rather than leave some space covered by glass for natural lighting to save the energy usage of itself. On the other hand, considering the sunlight radiant in this site, the surface curve angles are adapt to the maximize the possible for most solar panel receive direct sunlight radiant. As for the functions of this design, we vary the spatial depended on
functional need with the whole space. It is a public open space for urban people to enjoy, a waiting area for water taxi passengers, as well as an educational and recreational spaces within the design, due to a smaller curved tunnel structure is placed on the northern side as the solar power storage, but also as a educational center about energy collection and sustainability.
FIG.15 INTERIOR
FIG.14 PERSPECTIVE
FIG.16 INTERIOR
FIG.17 PERSPECTIVE
B.7 LEARNING OBJECTIVE AND OUTCOMES
hrough this part study, I have a better understanding of computation design and more familiar with the algorithm definition as
well as gain the variation via different component functions, such as kangaroo, exoskeleton and so on. Furthermore, I learnt that the
design idea can be produced during the vary the issue definition. It is more clear about to develop the design in the further process.
REFERENCE (A.3) 1. ALLIANZ ARENA, Herzog & de Meuron, Munich, Germany,2005. Retrived from http://www.arup. com/_assets/_download/download502.pdf 2. Green Lava Void, ak Max; Peter Murphy; TOKO , Sydney, Australia; Stuttgart, Germany, 2008. Retrived from http://www.designboom.com/architecture/toyo-ito-taichung-metropolitan-opera/ 3. Porsche Pavilion, Henn Architekten, 
 Wolfsburg, Germany, 2012. Retrived from http://www.archdaily. com/265034/porsche-pavilion-at-the-autostadt-in-wolfsburg-henn-architekten/ 4. Taichung Metropolitan Opera, Toyo Ito & Associates, Taichung City, Taiwan. Retrived from http://www. arcspace.com/features/toyo-ito--associates/taichung-metropolitan-opera-house/
IMAGE FIGURE. 5-6: ALLIANZ ARENA, Herzog & de Meuron, Munich, Germany,2005. Retrived from http:// www.arup.com/_assets/_download/download502.pdf FIGURE. 2- 4: Green Lava Void, ak Max; Peter Murphy; TOKO , Sydney, Australia; Stuttgart, Germany, 2008. Retrived from http://www.designboom.com/architecture/toyo-ito-taichung-metropolitan-opera/ FIGURE. 9: Porsche Pavilion, Henn Architekten, 
 Wolfsburg, Germany, 2012. Retrived from http://www. archdaily.com/265034/porsche-pavilion-at-the-autostadt-in-wolfsburg-henn-architekten/ FIGURE. 1: Taichung Metropolitan Opera, Toyo Ito & Associates, Taichung City, Taiwan. Retrived from http://www.arcspace.com/features/toyo-ito--associates/taichung-metropolitan-opera-house/