4 Legs and a Tail - Keene Spring 2016

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Mud Season 2016 Southern NH & VT

Training Tips For You And Your Horse The Long Distance Dog Rescue Dealing With Feline Arthritis Expert Advise For Your Rabbit

Inside this issue of 4 Legs & a Tail

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Pg. 2

2. Attis, John Peaveler

A young, street-wise pup helps rescue dogs in Kuwait

A common but treatable condition

Introducing the Brattleboro dog park

The latest at the Windham County Humane Society

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Celebrating One Hundred Forty Years: Monadnock Humane Humane Society puts the animal-human bond front and center, Amee Abel Feline Arthritis, Kaylan Spatny, DVM

6. Calling All Dogs, Rachel Selsky

7. Working Together for Pets, Annie Guion

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9. Are You Up for the Long Haul, Jerilyn Jacobs

Expert advice for your next equine adventure

Shake up your routine, Cross Training has numerous benefits

Getting you ready for spring

How a three year old German Shepherd overcame a paw injury

Tips to avoid the confusion

The origins of the oldest existing guide dog school in the world

12. Cross Training for Equine Fitness, Jessica Stewart Riley 14. Fit to Ride, Dorothy Crosby

17. A Customer Reports Back, David Hughes

20. The Confusing World of Pet Parasite Prevention, M. Kathleen Shaw, DVM 22. The Seeing Eye

23. Wild Cat Reiki, Megan Littlehales

A Reiki master and her encounter with a mountain lion

How a golden retriever inspired one local business

A therapy dog is the hit of Wells Memorial School

What you should know about your new pet

24. Healthy Paws for Healthy Pets, Sue Weinstein

25. Grabbing “Coffee” with a Grade Schooler, Cathy White 26. Estrella Comes All the Way From Spain to Find

Her Forever Home, Amy Roy 27. Rabbit Care, Heidi Emond

Pg. 25

4 Legs & a Tail Volume K.116 P.O. Box 841

28. A New Technique for Extracting Lower Jaw Canine Teeth or What

I learned at the 2015 Veterinary Dental Forum, Sandra Waugh, VMD

Publishers: Tim Goodwin, Tim Hoehn Senior Editor: Scott Palzer Office Manager: Beth Hoehn

Lebanon, NH 03766

Graphic Design:

603-727-9214

Monica Reinfeld, Lacey Dardis,

TimH.4LT@gmail.com Spring 2016

Kate Haas Sales: Karyn Swett

If you have a tale about a tail or a photo that will make us smile, we’d like to hear from you. 4 Legs & a Tail is published quarterly and distributed free of charge throughout Southern NH & VT. 4 Legs & a Tail, Inc. is locally owned and operated and acts as a moderator without approving, disapproving or guaranteeing the validity or accuracy of any data or claim.

Any reproduction in whole or part is prohibited.

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ATTIS John Peaveler - W. Fairlee, VT

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t was spring of 2005 when I first saw him, standing in an empty lot. Black and white body, long black ears, his face innocent and sad, a look of fear etched on his young features. As a naive but committed new animal rescuer, I passionately wanted to get him off the streets, to help however I could. I had a profound ignorance of dogs, but a burning desire to learn and to save this species that had so recently touched my life. I followed him a few times, observing his fear of people, the quiet little overgrown fields where he sought safety.

Once he stood across the street from a feral cat and barked at her, too afraid to approach a cat to take its food. Another time, in my own folly, I managed to sneak up on him while he slept, thinking perhaps, if I could get well inside his flight zone I might be able to break through to him. He awoke with a start when I was about three feet away and he ran off barking. From that encounter on, I too was his enemy. Someone in his neighborhood tried to burn him out of a patch of reeds, and his fear grew.

While I was away for a couple of weeks, a colleague received word that he would be poisoned or shot if he wasn’t removed, so she borrowed a trap and started trying. We were all so green then. First she caught chickens, but finally she caught him, little more than a frightened 9 month old puppy, six months after he had first been seen living on the streets outside of Kuwait City, Kuwait.

I returned from my trip elated that he had been caught and ready with a name: Attis. I simply knew in my heart that he and I were meant for each other.

His training was complicated at first and entailed never leaving my side at all until he learned to trust me, then we worked on basic obedience. My training was much more profound. First I learned his breed: English Pointer. Then I learned his nature: timid around others, desperate for companionship, anxious to please, fiercely inquisitive. As our relationship evolved, so did my career, progressing from building and operating a shelter in Kuwait under the incredible leadership of then E.D. Ayeshah Al-Humaidhi, and moving into an ever increasing role in animal capture, rescue, and population management.

It turns out that scared little puppy had an incredible gift, and it wasn’t 2 4 Legs & a Tail

Attis on duty-John and Attis pose for a picture during dog management operations at the Abdaliya Nature Preserve in Western Kuwait, 2014.

Attis at hospital- Attis on a visit to the U.S. Army military hospital at Camp Arifjan, Kuwait, 2015.

pointing at birds. I had been doing dog population surveys for a pilot program in Ahmadi, Kuwait, and taking him for runs around my work hours. As we ran, I kept him on a close recall and observed his behavior, particularly when we approached strange dogs. Time after time I watched him walk into a group of feral dogs and perfectly display the submissive traits needed to avoid confrontation and peacefully engage their seeking or curiosity system. Attis was exactly the tool I needed to count dogs.

No street dog would ignore a strange animal in their territory, and 999 times out of 1,000 (probably more, we caught thousands) he would walk away unscathed having provided me with an opportunity to count and observe every animal in a given territory. He was bitten twice that I recall, though never seriously. It was as if his time on the streets connected him to other street dogs and he could say to them “hey, I know what you’re going through. I’ve been there, but life’s not all bad. Let’s play.” He literally saved hundreds of dogs by building their trust in a country where animal abuse is commonplace, and then transferring that trust to me so that I could catch them and take them out of the hostile desert and into the shelter.

His trust, however, extends only to me. Once, my well-meaning wife sent him with the groomers and he got loose, running around a strange neighborhood until I arrived, using my vehicle siren to recall him as I regularly did in the field. I don’t believe any dog has ever run faster than he did when he heard and then saw my truck, and I have seen this dog outrun every challenger flat out in his prime. He was never groomed again.

He’s older now, and tired. Years of hard work in the desert have taken their toll, but as I look at him, I remember the puppy, the professional. And I remember how we found each other. I didn’t know he was a pure bred dog. I just loved his spirit, his innocence, and his floppy ears.

Our relationship didn’t start because I went looking for a particular dog or a particular breed of dog. I just found a dog and in each other we found our best friends and colleagues. Long live Attis!

John Peaveler is an Animal Welfare Consultant with over ten years experience working with all types of animals on three continents. He lives with his wife and two children in West Fairlee,Vermont and continues to work and write at home and abroad.

Spring 2016

Celebrating One Hundred Forty Years: Monadnock Humane Society Puts the Animal-Human Bond Front and Center Amee Abel

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onadnock Humane Society is celebrating one hundred and forty years thanks to the people of this region who care passionately about the welfare of animals. The Keene Humane Society, formed by citizens in 1875, would reverberate into a new millennia. Because they recognized that cruelty is the enemy of civilization, they came together in an effort to alleviate suffering.

The Society was against the day’s fashionable credo of letting the unfortunate fail, suffer, and die in a process of “natural selection.” As New Hampshire overcame the economic depression and social upheaval at the end of the Civil War, many saw a need to advocate for kindness and felt an obligation to help others. Compassion has guided Monadnock Humane Society throughout its many changes from yesterday to today.

What’s in a Name?

Although the founders’ vision was succor for cruelly mistreated animals in Keene, the Society expanded services to include aide for women and children throughout Cheshire County. In 1914 the board renamed the organization The Cheshire County Humane Society. By 1931, the Humane Agent, Jennie B. Powers, reported on 202 cases, almost half involved abused or neglected children. (Mrs. Powers served for thirty three years, until her death from pneumonia, contracted caring for neglected cows through a bitter winter’s evening in 1936.)

By mid-century, the state and local agencies were focused on human troubles, which allowed the Society to return its focus to the animal population, whose needs had changed. Gone was the draft horse pulling heavy wagons to market. Subsistence farming was less commonplace. Cars and trucks sped along paved roads. Animal overpopulation was of growing concern. Stray dogs and feral cats were normal sights, caus-

The energetic Mrs. Powers was Humane Agent for the Society for 33 years.

She worked tirelessly throughout the region in both NH and VT. Photo courtesy Monadnock Humane Society.

Breaking Ground on the Adoption & Learning Center: Seen here are some enthusiastic board members in 1999 breaking ground for the Adoption & Learning Center.

From left: Bob Therrien, Beverly Therrien, Reverend Linda Tolton, & Jeff Miller Photo courtesy Monadnock Humane Society.

ing mischief and spreading disease.

In 1967, the Jennie B. Powers Memorial Shelter was opened by the Cheshire County Humane Society on 250 acres of donated land in Swanzey, NH. The 1774 farm house was renovated for offices, generating a re-envisioning of the organization’s purpose and expansion of the Society’s service area.

Animal welfare, rather than cruelty prevention, had begun moving into public thinking. By 1992, the Society could state that MRHS had over 800 members and “all adoptable animals are given Continued NEXT PAGE

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every opportunity to find homes.” This still meant that “ultimately 30% of the animals received at the shelter were euthanized…” due to overcrowding, lack of space, medical conditions due to lack of quarantine space, and capacity for behavioral interventions.

Animals as Companions A shift was occurring, from cat as vermin killer in the barn, to puss purring in your lap; dog as guardian outside watching for intruders, to beloved family member. Perceive an animal as a companion, and the idea of killing one for being homeless becomes excruciating.

MHS Shelter Staff December 2015: Fostering a compassionate community by providing for and promoting the well-being of animals. Pictured is Bella, who was adopted shortly after this photo was taken. Front row from left: Eric Knowles, Katie Achilli, Beth Doyle, Emily Dawson. Back Row from left: Kerri Cuevas, Michelle Maillet, Tameka Hebert, Ashley Okola, Emily Kerylow.

Photo courtesy Monadnock Humane Society.

At the end of the 20th century, the Society’s outdated facility limited its ability to deliver the programs and services for which the community cried out.

They envisioned more than a room of cages; a home for the community; a place where animals and people would spend time together. A place that would offer a warm soft bed, medical care, adequate food, and companionship to animals waiting for homes, where people could learn more about caring for the animals. A Learning and Adoption Center solidified into a plan. Renamed in 1995, the Monadnock Humane Society, Inc., “believed the greatest gains can be made for animals by working though collaboration and consensus building... [to]… create a more humane community.”

Currently at 101 West Swanzey Road, it is designed to shelter animals and to bring together people who would advocate for the welfare of those animals. The Learning & Adoption Center features space for dog training classes, a comfortable Community Room with full kitchen, individual and communal living spaces for cats and dogs, a full veterinary clinic and more, on a beautiful campus that welcomes exploration of its trails and fields. In 2000 it allowed MHS to reach a goal of zero euthanasia for adoptable animals!

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Back to the Future MHS continues to hold the animalhuman bond at the center of all its work.

Neighbors can turn to MHS for help keeping their beloved pet with a cat & dog food pantry, low-cost spay and neuter, emergency boarding, and behavioral consults. Dog training, dog daycare, and pet boarding provide both a community resource and a source of funding to help support shelter services. An open admissions shelter, MHS is ready to receive any homeless companion animal. For leadership on animal welfare issues, MHS continues to refine its programs to deliver what the region needs.

Volunteers and staff at MHS work ceaselessly to advocate for every single animal and animals in general. These individuals are the key to ensuring the humane treatment of those who can’t speak for themselves. This requires a community of volunteers, people who spend time at the building, and advocates for the organization and the humane treatment of animals throughout the community.

As MHS celebrates its one hundred and fortieth year, it welcomes everyone in the Monadnock region and invites them to join its mission to foster a compassionate community by promoting and providing for the well-being of animals.

Spring 2016

Feline Arthritis A Common But Treatable Condition Kaylan Spatny, DVM

H

ave you noticed that your aging

cat is slowing down? Maybe sleeping more? Or just not as playful as she used to be? Most people will chalk this up to “getting old.” However, aging alone should not change your cat’s behavior or activity level. It is the diseases associated with aging that tend to do this. Many conditions, like chronic pain and arthritis, can go unnoticed in cats because they don’t show obvious signs of discomfort.

Cats with joint pain and arthritis don’t often limp or cry out in pain, however they will show changes in behavior that the attentive pet owner can pick up on. As their joints become stiff and painful, some cats will simply decrease their activity level. You’ll notice that your kitty doesn’t spend as much time playing, following you around or even grooming as she used to. Other cats will show a reluctance to jump or climb stairs.

If your cat is spending a majority of time on only one level of the house, chances are she has arthritis. Signs can be even more subtle such as rising from naps more slowly or spending more time sleeping. And still other cats show no outwards signs at all and x-rays are needed for diagnosis.

Remember, instincts tell cats to hide signs of pain or weakness. In the wild, injury or weakness make animals more vulnerable to being attacked by predators.

Studies have found that up to 90% of adult cats suffer from arthritis.

Fortunately there are many ways we can help our beloved felines stay comfortable as they age. Arthritis in any species is best treated by a multi-modal approach. This includes supplements such as omega -3 fatty acids to combat inflammation as well as injectable supplements that contain molecules to nourish the joints and cartilage. It also includes specific felinelabeled anti-inflammatory drugs. It is extremely important not to give your cat medication made for humans or dogs, as most of these drugs are toxic to cats.

Complementary treatments such as acupuncture, physical therapy and massage are very helpful in the management of arthritis. Weight loss and maintaining a lean body weight is key to reducing stress on the joints and helping alleviate pain.

About two years ago one of my favorite feline patients came into the veterinary hospital because she was urinating and defecating outside of her litter box.

At that time “Cindy” was 6 years old and Spring 2016

had been obese for most of her life. Her blood, urine and fecal tests all showed normal results. X-rays of her back, hips and legs revealed that poor Cindy was born with hip dysplasia and developed early onset of arthritis. She was not using the litter box because it was located in the upstairs bathroom and she was having a hard time climbing the stairs. Cindy was also struggling to lose weight for many years because it was uncomfortable for her to move around and be active. Cindy was treated with a multimodal approach and is currently receiving a medication to reduce her joint pain as well as a supplement to improve her joint health. She receives acupuncture treatments every 3 weeks. Most importantly, she has been on a diet since her diagnosis and lost a fantastic 4 pounds! When you are a cat, 4 pounds of weight loss is a huge success. Cindy is currently very happy at home and doing quite well.

If you think your cat is showing signs of aging or arthritis, please speak with your veterinarian about the next step to help your beloved feline friend.

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Calling All Dogs

Introducing the Brattleboro Dog Park Rachel Selsky

Future home of the Brattleboro Dog Park

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rattleboro is a recreation lover’s dream, with miles and miles of trails, swim ming holes, and acres of parks. But there is one thing that is missing - a place for dogs to be able to run off-leash. A recreation and tourist asset that has become much more popular in towns around the United States, a dog park is a fenced in area for dogs to run off-leash allowing them to socialize and exercise safely. Access to dog parks has been shown to reduce negative interactions between dogs and other park users, reduce the risk of dogs running off, and create a positive community for dog owners. The Town has considered a dog park in the past but it wasn’t until recently that progress has been made towards making it a reality.

Since summer 2014 a group of residents in Brattleboro have been actively working to develop a dog park, including finding a site, considering design, proceeding through the selectboard process and beginning fundraising. The Brattleboro Selectboard has approved the location of a new park at the top of Living Memorial Park, just off of Route 9 near Exit 2. The dog park will be easily accessible for residents in and around Brattleboro with parking spaces and easy access to the other recreational resources of Living Memorial Park. The dog park will be located next to the proposed Brattleboro Skate Park, a great complementary use for families visiting Living Memorial Park and all enjoying the different park options.

The dog park will be open to dogs of all sizes from around the region and will be self-regulated by the users. The overall cost for this project has been kept low to minimize the need for fundraising and the impact on the town, however there is still the cost of construction. The primary cost associated with the project is the fencing, with minimal costs associated with benches, garbage cans, dog waste bags, and ongoing maintenance. The dog park is currently raising funds online, applying for grants, and looking for sponsors.

The park will open as soon as funds are raised and construction is complete on the fence, hopefully in 2017. Without support from the users the dog park will not be built, if it is something you think you will use please consider making a donation – every bit helps. People or businesses who donate more than $250 will be recognized on a sign at the entrance of the park.

If you are interested in helping make the dream of the Brattleboro Dog Park become a reality, here are some ways: Make a donation online at www.youcaring.com/BrattleboroDogPark Send a donation to: Brattleboro Recreation & Parks Department, PO Box 513, 207 Main Street, Brattleboro, VT 05301 (Dog Park on the memo line) Follow us on Facebook to stay up to date on dog park happenings www.facebook.com/Brattleborodogpark/ Email Rachel at brattleborodogpark@gmail.com for more information or with ideas on how to help

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Check back next issue for an update on our progress.

We hope to see you all at the Brattleboro Dog Park really soon!

Spring 2016

Working Together For Pets V

Annie Guion

ermont is fortunate to have a collegial animal welfare community. As the Executive Director of the Windham County Humane Society and current President of the Vermont Humane Federation (VHF), I get to witness that cooperation, and the lives it saves, every day. They say it takes a village to raise a child. It takes a whole state, working together, to ensure health and happiness for our animal companions.

Recently, we had a dog that was not doing well in our kennel, so we called our colleagues at Second Chance Animal Center in Shaftsbury to see if they could help. At the time, we also had lots of empty cat cages, so we agreed to bring the dog to Second Chance and take some cats back to our facility, one of which was Cupcake. Cupcake had been at Second Chance for months but went home in two days. Sometimes, all you need is a new audience!

Cupcake

We recently got an update from Cupcake’s adopters: “Cupcake is as sweet as her name indicates but also equally a naughty, mischievous kitten. Cupcake Continued NEXT PAGE

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Shawn is on his way in a new van with new friends.

owned her new home and humans in record time, she trained us to attend every need from eating fish and shrimp fancy feast only to ear scratches and being lugged around from upstairs to down! She races everywhere she is going. Always watches us go from the window and is ready to greet us when we return. We

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absolutely love her and she us. Cupcake completes our little family.”

This transfer of animals has been made a lot easier thanks to a recent generous donation from the Brattleboro Auto Mall who donated a brand new van to the Windham County Humane Society. Look for us on the road, the van is gorgeous!

We also work with PetSmart Charities Rescue Waggin’ to take in dogs transported from overcrowded shelters in the south. Our facility has 16 kennels, so if the Rescue Waggin’ sends a full van, we call up our friends at Addison County’s Homeward Bound or the Rutland County Humane Society, to “share the wealth”.

Working together we are saving a lot of dogs who face an uncertain future in the southeastern part of the country.

Vermonters needn’t worry that we are displacing local dogs. Most shelters in Vermont have empty dog kennels, largely thanks to our excellent spay and neuter programs.

Many of you may be aware of the horses seized in Northfield last December and this past January. Where do you put 14 horses in need? Does the state take them in? After all, it is state law that is being enforced in the case of an actual seizure of animals. However, the state does not have the expertise or resources to care for living creatures, at least not at this time. Sadly, the horse rescues in Vermont are full to capacity. It’s a good thing Vermont’s animal welfare organizations already work together to solve problems.

When the Northfield Police needed help, it was the Vermont Humane Federation who stepped up to fill the gap. Members of the Federation transported the horses and either found foster placement or took on their care. The VHF is also financing the care of these horses while they await the courts decision, a process that could take many months, even years. If you’d like to make a donation towards their care, visit the VHF website at www.vermonthumane.org.

This kind of cooperation is not always evident in the field of animal welfare.

How we care for animals, what we would like to see versus what the law requires, how we deal with dangerous animals, are all difficult subjects and coming to an agreement can be a challenge. After all, we are not dealing with inanimate objects but with sentient beings. Vermont’s animal lovers can be grateful that the organizations working hard to help animals are working together.

Annie Guion is the Executive Director of the Windham County Humane Society and President of the Vermont Humane Federation.

Spring 2016

Are You Up for the Long Haul?

(Part 1)

Jerilyn Jacobs, DVM

T

raveling a long distance with a horse provides many challenges, but with proper preparation your trip can be a grand adventure. People transport their horses long distances for many reasons such as showing, permanent change of location, or vacations. If your trip will be more than 4 hours, I consider that a long haul and I hope to give you some information that will make the trip easier on your horse and yourself.

One of your first considerations when planning a long haul for your horse should be whether you should haul the horse yourself or hire a professional.

Screening and hiring a professional shipping company is beyond the scope of this article. If you need a professional make sure you thoroughly “vet� the company you intend to hire.

If you have decided that you will be transporting your horse, you should focus on several areas of preparation in order to make your travels as smooth as possible.

First evaluate your equipment. Is your tow vehicle up to the job? Is your trailer in good mechanical condition? Service your truck and trailer at least a month before your planned departure and then use it for a few short hauls before your departure.

You want to leave yourself enough time for repairs if issues are found during servicing and also have time to work out any kinks post service. Pay extra attention to your tires and spares. Equipment that performs well on short hauls can be stressed by hundreds of continuous miles. Is the trailer adequately sized for your horse’s comfort and can you carry all the supplies you will need? There are many trailer types and stall configurations available for horses. My preference for a long haul is to have the horse ride in a box stall. A box allows the horse to vary his position and to ride in a position that is most comfortable for him. Some horses feel more secure with a less roomy straight stall so you may need to experiment a little to see what works best for your horse. One of the Continued NEXT PAGE

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Tana gives a big smile during the journey.

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biggest advantages of a box stall is that the horse does not need to be tied and can fully lower his head to the ground which will help protect his respiratory tract.

Another big part of your preparation is planning your route. In general highway travel is easier on the horse and avoiding areas where traffic jams are likely to occur will make you both happy. The normal recommendation is to stop every 4 hours to rest your horse and offer water. If you are traveling alone you need to plan overnight stops. I found many useful websites to locate layover stabling. If you have a co-driver, driving straight through to your destination is an option as long as the horse gets 20—30 minutes of rest every 4- 6 hours. When planning your route and driving time you also need to consider what your horse needs to do at the end of the journey. If you are heading to a show and need him to perform at peak levels then breaking your trip up with overnight stops will be easier on him. If you elect to travel straight through then you need to schedule him some rest days before resuming work.

Packing for your trip isn’t much different than for a short haul. You will need to bring enough feed for the trip and for the transition period if your horse will be staying at the new location long term. You will want all your typical trailering supplies (extra halter and lead rope, blankets or coolers, first aid kit and bandages).

Take care when packing and make sure that emergency supplies (tire iron, flares, jack and tire ramps) are easily accessible.

You also need to look into the fine print of your roadside assistance plan. The typical plans like AAA often will not assist you if a trailer is attached to your vehicle.

In Part 2 we will address preparation of the horse.

Jerilyn Jacobs, DVM works at VermontNew Hampshire Veterinary Clinic in East Dummerston,VT. She treats mostly cats, dogs and horses. She recently hauled her horse “Tana” to Oklahoma to compete in the WDAA Western Dressage World Show in Tulsa, OK. Spring 2016

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Cross-Training For Equine Fitness Jessica Stewart Riley - Randolph Center, VT

R

ingwork can be boring. There, I said it. And I am a person who prefers rid ing in the ring to riding on the trail. But when done on a regular basis, it can be easy to lose your motivation for working on the fundamentals within the confines of the 4 walls of the arena or ring. We begin to do the same patterns or exercises over and over again: walk both directions, trot both directions, then canter both directions with a circle or two thrown in for some excitement. Unfortunately, just like heading to the gym and jogging on the treadmill for 45 minutes every day, this is only minimally beneficial for our horses. It does help them to maintain a low level of fitness, but it does not aim to improve things like coordination, balance, proprioception (awareness of self), cardiovascular endurance, and physical strength, areas that positively influence the horse’s ability to perform the tasks we ask of him with ease and grace.

The best human athletes cross-train to keep their bodies in shape, so why wouldn’t we vary our horse’s training regimen? Two areas I have found especially beneficial for cross-training my own horses are:

• In-hand work: stretches and backing • Ground poles, cavaletti, and small jumps

In-hand work can help teach your horse correct posture, like engaging his abdominal muscles, lifting his back, and stretching his neck forward, or the correct response for something like bending or moving off the rider’s leg. These types of exercises are especially beneficial because they remove some of the elements of human error that can occur when riding. I like to perform lateral neck stretches, belly-lifts, tail pulls and backing. It’s important not to perform any stretches when the horse’s muscles are cold, so I always save the stretching for the end of a workout before my horse has cooled off completely. One activity that has caused a marked improvement in my own horse’s topline (back and top of neck) and hindquarter muscles, is backing in hand. I started off just backing a few steps each day and have worked up to backing one entire circuit of the arena in both directions. It’s important that the horse maintain a soft and relaxed neck posture and that you give frequent breaks if you see signs of him tiring, i.e. resistance to continue, repeated raising of the head, stressed or anxious facial expression, etc.

Ground poles are another fantastic way to shake up your routine and cross-train in the arena. In my experience, horses seem to enjoy doing exercises with ground poles because they are different, and riders find them interesting and fun. They are incredibly beneficial for loosening the joints of the hind end and teaching the horse to bring his legs further under his body. This in turn enables the horse to raise his back and Continued NEXT PAGE

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engage his abdominals while making movement more efficient and comfortable to ride. Working over ground poles also improves the horse’s balance and proprioception, making performing in their given discipline that much easier.

In time, you can work up to raised poles, cavaletti, and even a small jump. You also don’t need fancy ground poles; 8-10’ long tree limbs that have had the branches removed so there aren’t any sharp edges or even PVC pipes can be used in place of more expensive lumber. PVC pipes do tend to be lighter than a 4’ by 4’ but the most important thing is to make it work for you and your horse!

Most horse people know how important it is to work their horse consistently if they want to have a happy and successful equine athlete, but doing the same thing day after day can get boring and cause a loss in motivation. Changing up your riding routine to include stretching and ground poles is a great way to make riding fun and interesting again, while also benefitting your horse. If you are new to either of these types of exercises, I strongly encourage you to seek the advice of an experienced professional so neither you or your horse becomes injured. If you would like more information on equine fitness, stretching and ground pole exercises, as well as proper warm-ups and cool-downs, there are two books I would highly recommend: Equine Fitness: A Conditioning Program of Exercises and Routines for Your Horse and 101 Western Dressage Exercises for Horse and Rider, both by Jec Aristotle Ballou. You certainly don’t have to ride western to appreciate the last book; you just have to enjoy riding! Happy Cross-training!

Jessica Stewart Riley is and Assistant Professor and the director of the Vermont Technical College Equine Studies Program in Randolph Center,VT. She is a graduate of Johnson State College, UVM, and Vermont Tech, as well as a member of the American Quarter Horse Association Professional Horsemen and an American Riding Instructor Association Certified instructor in Western, Huntseat on the Flat, and Stable Management. www.vtc.edu/equinestudies Spring 2016

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Fit to Ride I

Dorothy Crosby - Stoddard, NH

t’s that time of year again: riders are anxious to get on horseback, but neither human nor equine are ready for serious work. Without regular access to an indoor arena, this winter’s riding conditions were not too friendly. Those first few rides are apt to be a bit crazy with spring in the air, but few pre-ride workouts are good options for an unfit horse, not to mention the stamina a rider needs to avoid exhaustion before the ride even begins! A better option is to get both of you physically and mentally ready.

A few days prior to that first ride, help your horses transition into work mode and minimize some of that inevitable spring playfulness by working them inhand. Encourage them to use their muscles and joints, eliminating some stiffness, as well as engaging their mind while strengthening their attention span and ability to focus. After a warm-up walk, ask for movement of their main body parts: work hips (hindquarters), and shoulders (forehand) in every way you would while on their back, using one hand on the reins, the other as the leg aid, and your body to indicate direction of movement.

(Examples: a turn on the forehand, leg yield, turn on the haunches, shoulder-in or side pass.) Doing just a couple of each would be a good start; never overuse repetitive motion, but build slowly by increasing number and duration gradually over several sessions. Your horse will focus on you, regaining some work ethic and enjoying this playtime together. He will be more mentally and physically ready for that first ride, and tuned in to your aids.

You can also be ready to go! Stretches for arm and leg muscles and torso, along with some relaxation, can help increase suppleness, strength and stamina. Warm up is important: gently rotate your torso, letting your arms flop and swing around your body as you turn side to side, repeating several times. Shake out your wrists and ankles, one at a time, flipping them as if you were shaking water off your fingers or toes. Now grab a huge imaginary beach ball between your arms and your chest; raise it over your head before circling down one side, lowering it to the ground and lifting it back up the other side. Repeat a few times in both directions. Use your legs and arms, stretching your rib cage to engage your whole body in the motion. Bend your knees if this is easier; it’s important to use those muscles without forcing them, but to engage and strengthen a little at a time. Finish by hanging down, floppy, with your head towards the floor; slowly roll up one vertebra at a time until you are standing up again.

Both rider and mount will benefit from some strengthening and stamina work under saddle. Picture the way a tiger walks: your horse needs lots of “free walk” to encourage both forward and correct use of his body, swinging limbs and back as he is able, in order to stretch and increase range of motion. Allow your seat Continued PAGE 16

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Ryan Fabrizio ready to ride.

to be soft, following the swing of his back, enabling him to move freely and allowing your body to find a balanced, supple position while he works your muscles for you. Occasionally ask for a smaller, shorter stride by restricting the motion of your seat, encouraging both of your muscles to work and increase control; only a few strides at first, gradually increasing

to strengthen but not tax those muscles.

This requires that your horse focus on what you are asking and that you consider being clear and precise. Alternate the big, loose strides with some shorter controlled ones and you will benefit mind and body! Of course, trotting is an excellent way to get in shape, too, and any of these things can be done at a trot as well.

While walking, stand up balanced over your feet, staying there without using muscle to do so. If you flop backwards, your legs are too far in front of you; you are not over your feet. If you flop forward, your legs have gotten behind your seat. Using muscle, not balance, will cause tightness; you will “try” to stay up.

In balance, you will be relaxed, easily standing for a prolonged period. Use this periodically as a gauge to check your balance; eventually you can do this at a trot or jog, too!

Working together before you even mount won’t prevent every silly moment, but it will go a long way towards reestablishing a work ethic that includes concentration, focus, and obedience. Then, a few short rides of this kind, increasing the repetitions and adding new exercises every few days, will find you on your way to a fit and balanced season! Happy Riding!

Certified as both a Level lll Centered Riding® Clinician/Instructor and CHA Instructor, Dorothy Crosby manages a farm and lesson program for adults and children based in Stoddard NH. She teaches a number of disciplines, emphasizing safety and fun while learning. Dorothy offers clinics, lessons, and workshops both on and off the farm. She loves teaching riders and horses of all ages and levels of experience.

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A Customer Reports Back...

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adopted a 3 year old German Shepherd named Thor with a pre-existing injury to his left hind leg and paw, caused by stepping on a broken bottle that severed an artery and damaged his tibial nerve. The injury caused him to walk on the rear of his paw instead of on his toes.

In turn, this “flat footed” stance caused an abrasion leading to an open wound on the metatarsal pad. He was reluctant to stand on his left hind leg; he would use it when running or walking but would hold his leg up off the ground while standing still.

Thor

Spring 2016

Our veterinarian suggested looking into aqua therapy thinking the motion would strengthen the leg. He was unsure as to why Thor was favoring the leg, whether it was due to the original injury, pain in the paw, or neurological in nature.

He also suggested looking into laser therapy to increase the healing of the slow healing pad.

While researching the recommended therapies, I came across a case study done

by Jennifer Brooks PT, CCRP, owner of Horse ‘n Hound Physical Therapy in Hollis, NH. The paw injury case study she had reported was very similar to Thor’s paw pad wound and the facility had an underwater treadmill. I contacted Jen and arranged for a consultation.

At my initial appointment, Jen, and Chris VT/RA ( veterinary technician/ rehab assistant) looked over Thor’s Injury, I went over what I was told regarding the original injury, and we discussed therapy treatment options and expectations.

I was a little concerned when setting up this appointment because Thor possessed some behavioral issues. Thor was nervous around new people and animals, and not Continued PAGE 19

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feeling 100% well, only made this worse.

Jen and her staff were very knowledgeable with this type of behavior, making us both feel a little more at ease. Thor did as well as he could and was able to settle down with the way they handled him.

After the consultation and subsequent discussion they instructed me as to the best methods to keep the wound clean and dressed, I would change the dressing twice daily and leave it unwrapped at night to let the air in. This could be done only because Thor had shown no interest in licking the affected area, thus indicating that he probably has no sensation of his foot. Jennifer suggested that we start six weeks of physical therapy consisting of aqua therapy (underwater treadmill) and home exercise program to strengthen his involved hind limb (it was significantly smaller in muscle girth than his healthy right hind leg). After Thor got his energy out on the treadmill, we worked him specifically at exercises to strengthen, improve his coordination and balance on his injured leg.

Jennifer also suggested that I incorporate daily laser therapy on the open wound to stimulate the healing.

Therefore I rented a SpectraVet Zues laser from Horse ‘n Hound Physical Therapy (HnHPT) Having no knowledge of this type of treatment I will say I was a little skeptical as to the benefits but figured that if there was a chance it would help, I was all in. We started doing the prescribed home exercises to our daily home routine.

Upon agreement to rent the laser from HnHPT, I was trained on its proper use to treat his injured paw twice daily, morning and night during bandage changes.

We also continued our weekly underwater treadmill and physical therapy visits. Each week, Jen and her team added additional exercises and lengthened the time spent on the treadmill. In turn we would add these new exercise treatments to our home routine. Thor’s behavior and comfort level improved by leaps and bounds during this time; he was finding his groove and clearly feeling better. He loved the water, would toss around his toy and truck as fast and as long as he could.

He really got the hang of using the treadmill and was showing great improvement at weight bearing on his left hind limb again.

I cannot say enough good things about this therapy and rehabilitation facility or Jen, Chris and the rest of the team at Horse ‘n Hound. The positive changes I saw in Thor’s wound and the strengthening of his hind leg was incredible. I am a believer that the laser treatment was a big reason why the wound closed so quickly.

Thor, after just a few treadmill sessions, had begun to stand on all four legs; he continued putting full weight on all four of his legs as he continues to do today.

Due to the original nerve injury he will always be susceptible to re-injuring Spring 2016

BEFORE

AFTER

the metatarsal pad, but Jen was able to make suggestions and show us how to limit these chances and react quickly to the first sign of skin abrasion. Those changes that we were able to make in Thor in such a relatively short time have certainly helped him refrain from additional injuries.

I would highly recommend to anyone in need of physical therapy and low impact exercises for their dog, to absolutely visit Jen and her staff at Horse ‘n Hound Physical Therapy, in Hollis, NH, and take advantage of all they have to offer.

Thanks again for all the hard work and keep helping those most in need.

--David Hughes & Thor, 2015

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The Confusing World of Pet Parasite Prevention M. Kathleen Shaw, DVM - Vermont Veterinary Medical Association

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pring is almost here (really!) and with it comes parasites of all sorts that can infect your pet. Most dog and cat owners understand the importance of keeping their pets safe from parasites such as heartworms, intestinal worms, fleas, and ticks. However, pet owners are now being flooded with ads for generic products and these new brands are creating confusion. In addition, some of the other, better known products have disappeared leaving everyone even more confused. Exactly what parasite control products should you be using for your pets?

Uncertainty among pet owners about which products to use and economic factors are fueling the confusion. Generic heartworm preventives can now be found in many human pharmacies and online pet pharmacies are offering six to ten different medications to the public. Frankly, it is hard for a pet owner to know which is best for their pet! Some of these medications are also effective against intestinal parasites, such as roundworms, hookworms, and whipworms. A few of

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these preventives are also now using compounds to treat tapeworms in addition to the other parasites. It’s even possible to get heartworm preventive that also includes a means to help control fleas!! There are collars, topical, oral medications, and powders available online for flea and tick prevention, too.

Products on the internet may be less expensive, but it is so important for you not to fall for advice in online forums, that recommend odd-ball alternative methods of protecting your pets against any parasite. These sites often misinterpret data or are actively promoting products that have not gone through proper testing and safety research. Remember, the internet is not policed for accuracy: anyone can make a claim, whether it is true or not. Some of these parasites can be fatal to your pet, you don’t want to trust an unproven or possibly fraudulent preventative. There have been instances of fraudulent products sold online under brand names that you trust, and for this reason the drug companies will not stand by their guarantees of efficacy if their product has been purchased online. In addition some products for dogs can be fatal to cats.

Veterinarians follow these trends every year. They couple this information with their understanding of the parasites’ life cycles, knowledge of your pet’s specific medical conditions, the reputation of the drug manufacturers and your region of the country. Certain parasites are less common in some areas of the country and your pet’s risk factors vary quite a bit. These risk factors also include exposure to parasites through trips to dog parks, hiking or camping, interstate travel or even the presence of other animals in the household. Veterinarians are best equipped to help you understand exactly which product provides the best parasite protection for your pet and your family.

This is an area of pet care where we have made great advances, but bad advice and a confusing market have created unnecessary risks and vulnerabilities.

Trust your pet’s healthcare advice to your family veterinarian and team. They know your pets’ health status, lifestyle, and risk of various parasites and are in the best position to give accurate advice.

The Vermont Veterinary Medical Association (VVMA), founded in 1898, is a professional organization of more than 330 veterinarians dedicated to compassionate animal care and quality medicine. For more information, visit www.vtvets.org or call (802) 878-6888.

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The Seeing Eye Early History

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n 1927, a young man named Morris Frank (1908-1980) read an article about dogs being trained as guides for blinded veterans of World War I. Frustrated by his own lack of mobility as a blind person, he was inspired to write its author for help. Dorothy Harrison Eustis (1886-1946) was an American training German shepherd police dogs in Switzerland, and when she received Morris Frank’s letter, she agreed to help him. He promised he would return to the United States and spread the word about these wonderful dogs. On June 11, 1928, having completed instruction in Switzerland, he arrived in New York City, proving the ability of his dog, Buddy, by navigating a dangerous street crossing before throngs of news reporters. His one-word telegram to Mrs. Eustis told the entire story: “Success.” The Seeing Eye was born with the dream of making the entire world accessible to people who are blind.

Dates and Locations The Seeing Eye was incorporated in Nashville, Tenn., on Jan. 29, 1929. In 1931, the organization relocated to Whippany, N.J., because the climate in the northeast was more suitable for training dogs.

On June 5, 1965, the cornerstone was laid for the current headquarters in Morris Township, N.J. Renovations to the Washington Valley headquarters were completed in 2013. The 60-acre campus is home to the administrative offices, student residence, veterinary clinic and kennels. In 2001, a breeding station was built on 330 acres in Chester, N.J., which houses the adult breeding dogs and puppies until they are 8-weeks-old. An additional training center is located in downtown Morristown.

Morris and Buddy Street Crossing: The famous New York City street crossing was captured shortly after Morris Frank and Buddy returned from training in Switzerland.

Pioneers from Past to Present The Seeing Eye is the oldest existing guide dog school in the world and continues its role as a pioneer in the guide dog movement. The Seeing Eye has played an integral part in shaping public policy guaranteeing access and accommodation to people who use service animals. From developing a computer information system that calculates the suitability of every

dog in the colony to become a breeder, to funding cutting edge research in DNA sequencing and identifying genetic markers for degenerative eye disease, The Seeing Eye is a research leader in canine genetics, breeding, disease control and behavior. The organization is a founding member of the Council of U.S. Guide dog Schools and a fully accredited member of the International Guide Dog Federation.

MAZIE With many of our family and friends returning from a long war, the Vermont Department of Corrections has been addressing the needs of our veterans, thanks to the efforts of the Blue Star Mothers of Vermont. According to program coordinator Terri Sabens, inmates at the Southern State Correctional Facility in Springfield, VT began training service dogs last winter to assist returning military personnel. As a former volunteer with Soldiers Angels, Sabens spent more than a year reaching out to the Vermont DOC. “PTSD is a widespread issue that many of our veterans face. There are just too many related suicides that can’t be ignored.”

Mazie was the first puppy to be raised by inmates through the BSMVT pet program.

She was placed with her veteran last Mother’s Day. He was taking 16 prescriptions for his PTSD when he got her, to date he has cut that number down to ZERO prescriptions that he depends on for his anxiety. He says it’s all because of her.

Thank you Blue Star Mothers of VT and the Vermont Department of Corrections. Most of all, we extend our gratitude to all veterans who have served our country.

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WILD CAT REIKI T

Megan Littlehales

here is something about locking

eyes with a mountain lion that makes my hair stand on end; My heart race; And brings all primal instincts to flee right to the forefront. But in a recent, surreal, situation, I actually didn’t run.

I was offering Reiki from a distance to a mountain lion living in captivity. He had physical issues that made it impossible for him to live in the wild; and so he was housed in as natural a habitat as possible, while keeping him, and his viewers safe. As I approached his area I was alone with him, and so offered to him whatever amount of Reiki he would like to receive in that moment. He was at the bottom of his canyon by a small running

stream. I quietly positioned myself, set my intention, and sent Reiki across the space to where he was drinking. It didn’t take him long to feel the energy! His ears pricked, his head swiveled, and his eyes met mine with the intensity of an electrical shock. Despite the rapid changes to my body chemistry, I did my best to keep my eyes soft and breath slow. He walked toward me slowly, with his eyes never leaving me, until he was as close as he could get. He sniffed the air, curious about what this was that was heading toward him and, I believe, enjoying his time of healing Reiki energy.

Our connection was interrupted by the arrival of a tour guide with a group of people in tow. George and I spent one final moment together, and he turned away to go take a nap in his mountainside den, and I, with tears of gratitude in my eyes, backed away to let my heart rate return to normal and wonder about the nature of miracles. And the miracles of nature.

Megan Littlehales is a Reiki Master Teacher and a certified Canine Massage Therapist from Marlboro, VT. mml.wellness@gmail.com 802-254-6955 ladymoonreiki.blogspot.com Spring 2016

How Reiki Can Support Your Dog/Cat/ Horse…

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s your animal aging? An athlete? Dealing with anxiety or fear?

Recovering from an illness or surgery? Reiki can help!

Reiki is a therapeutic healing technique that utilizes universal life force to bring balance and healing at all levels by releasing energy blockages, offering deep relaxation, relieving stress and anxiety, and increasing well being.

A Reiki master acts as a conduit for this healing energy to flow through me and into the recipient’s body/mind/spirit- creating shifts wherever they are needed. The end result of this change in energy can be very effective in easing pain, healing illness, boosting the immune system, preparing for or recovering from surgery, and more.

According to Megan MacArthur, “Although Reiki is often done using gentle hands-on touch, animals can be quite sensitive to energy and may not be comfortable receiving it directly through touch. In this situation a little distance is needed. This is just as effective however, as Reiki follows intention, so I will sit at whatever distance feels appropriate to the animal and offer Reiki. In most cases they will come closer, lie at my feet or nearby, show signs of release through yawns and stretches, and then fall into a deep Reiki nap. The gratitude they show when we finish up can be quite profound, as can the subtle and not so subtle shifts within their being, as they go on photo by Diane Heileman about their lives.”

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Healthy Paws for Healthy Pets I

Sue Weinstein - Guilford, VT

started Healthy Paws Barkery, LLC, seven years ago in loving memory of my beautiful golden retriever, Maggie, after she lost her battle with a rare and very aggressive cancer. She was only six years old.

When Maggie was first diagnosed, I began my journey exploring and learning all that I could about this horrible disease, in an effort to try to help my best friend. I talked with experts in the field, read hunSue Weinstein with Maggie.

dreds of books, and eventually became certified in animal nutrition. Through this process I learned how important it is that we, as pet parents, become vigilant and take care that our pets are eating high quality foods and snacks that are not filled with preservatives, wheat, byproducts, chemicals, dyes and fillers.

I am extremely careful with my own dogs and pay attention to everything they eat, and actually created the recipes that we use now at The Barkery for them. I wanted my dogs to be able to have a treat that they could enjoy, that would be healthy and put my mind at ease.

Talking, educating and sharing my treats with my friends and their dogs, I was encouraged to begin Healthy Paws Barkery and make my treats available to others who were looking for a delicious, healthy and wholesome treat for their best buddy.

All of our treats are made with human grade ingredients. They are hand rolled, cut and baked fresh daily in our Guilford, Vermont Barkery. They are also packaged fresh for delivery to your doorstep, ordered through our website, or you can find us on the shelves of many local markets throughout Vermont.

We are working on expanding and hope to eventually extend our reach to markets throughout the United States.

For more information about Healthy Paws Barkery, LLC, please visit our website at www.healthypawsbarkery.com

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Grabbing Coffee with a Grade Schooler Cathy White - Walpole, NH

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very Tuesday, the 5th and 6th grade students at Harrisville’s Wells Memorial School get together for coffee before they head home. Thankfully, you won’t find them sipping double grandes, lattes, or even decaf brews. They are visiting with “Coffee,” a dapper little Chihuahua/Min Pin mix and registered therapy dog, who specializes in reading with children.

Mrs. Claudia Dery’s pupils longed for a classroom pet. When that wasn’t possible, an opportunity arose for Luci Byrnes, Coffee’s handler, to see if the students would enjoy practicing their reading with him. The visit proved so successful that Luci and Coffee are now regulars. The time spent improving their reading skills and giving this adorable bow tie clad little dog lots of love and belly rubs, became known as “Coffee Time.”

It is clear that the children love their hour with their doggie pal. Coffee and Luci have received hand-crafted thank you notes and Christmas cards. Coffee Time is also a great way for the kids to end their day. “They all leave school happy and smiling,” says Luci.

Why read to a dog? Mrs. Dery explains: “The benefits are many. The students get to practice their reading fluency without feeling self conscious or nervous. They get to experience the joy of having a canine friend in our classroom, and they’ve been able to get to know and appreciate Coffee’s owner Luci, who gives her time once a week to bring Coffee to our classroom, and is interested in what they are reading as well.”

Even children too young to read can take away positives from leafing through a picture book with a quiet canine. It piques their interest and instills in them an eagerness to begin reading.

Luci and her husband Jim, of Hancock, adopted Coffee two years ago.

They had another rescue at home, a “Meagle” (Min Pin/Beagle) named Mea; adopted from the Monadnock Humane Society. They thought she might enjoy a friend. A search of regional rescues and shelters led them to the Lakes Region Humane Society and one year old Coffee.

Upon meeting, Mea was more interested in sniffing about; while Coffee was determined to impress her by joyously racing Spring 2016

"Coffee" enjoying time with Eliza Panchke, Jaimini Viles, & Madison O'Donnell.

Photo by Luci Byrnes

around in circles. Apparently he was successful. Mea soon stopped sniffing and happily joined her new friend. The Byrnes adopted Coffee that day.

Mea and Coffee are physically so similar that people assume they are littermates. Gender aside, you can distinguish them by their ears: Mea’s flop, while Coffee’s stand up.

Once home, Coffee gave Luci’s elderly father, Leo, a surprise that brought a huge smile to his face. He was accustomed to seeing one small brown dog running in the house, but imagine his amazement that day when a second, nearly identical, little dog followed!

Luci, Mea and Coffee are a registered therapy team with the Alliance of Therapy Dogs (ATD), a national organization that requires stringent training, testing and above par behavior from its canines and handlers alike. All three trained at MHS. Amee Abel, MHS’s Community Outreach Coordinator and professional trainer, suggested to Luci that Mea and Coffee would excel at therapy work. Luci ran with that suggestion.

Both dogs took their ATD exams and did their required “observed visits” back to back. They passed with flying colors, and registered simultaneously. This is a great accomplishment, and speaks to the dedication that Luci has for therapy work. She is now an ATD Testing Observer (T/O), recognized by the association as an evaluator of potential new teams.

You would be hard-pressed to find a vacant slot in Luci, Mea and Coffee’s week. Naturally, Tuesdays are Coffee Time in Harrisville. Yet, their busy schedules also include alternating visits to Peterborough’s Summerhill Assisted Living facility bi-monthly, where staff and residents have learned to tell the

two dogs apart. Coffee also hosts a regular children’s reading program at the Hancock Library, and can be found at MHS’s Paws to Read program every second Saturday of the month.

Additionally, they all compete in the sport of rally obedience. Mea already has 14 titles. Coffee barely passed his first run and threw up during his second. While this disqualified him, it didn’t stop him, and he currently has his first title! The children back in Harrisville appreciate that Coffee is also a “student,” with his own “homework” to do and tests to pass.

Luci believes that adding rally obedience to a dog’s education is a big positive, and that a well behaved companion dog is a benefit in any situation.

Luci had never done therapy dog work before becoming Mea and Coffee’s handler and a T/O. So what made Luci decide to travel this road with these adorable dogs? “I’m retired, and this is my way of giving back.” Well done Luci, Mea and Coffee. You are certainly appreciated by young and old alike!

Cathy White lives in Walpole with her husband, Jeff. They have been owned

by Labradors of every color for almost 30 years. Cathy is a Boston University alum, with a degree in print communications. They have two grown sons. A stay-at-home Lab mom; she spends a lot of time baking, cooking, gardening, doing yoga and reading. She also participates in the Paws to Read program with Harry. Having taught Pre-school and Pre-K, early childhood literacy is massively important to her. Harry, her seven year old yellow Labrador named after Harry Potter. www.4LegsAndATail.com 25

Estrella Comes All the Way from Spain to Find Her Forever Home Amy Roy

Sometimes, you have to cross an ocean to find your true love, as Estrella found out this past November.

Estrella is a Galgo Español, sometimes called a “Spanish Greyhound,” from Murcia, Spain. For most of her life, she was part of

a hunter’s pack in the rural Spanish countryside. Galgos are excellent problem-solvers and have been used for hundreds of years to chase down and corner small game. They traditionally work alongside another breed of Spanish dog, the podenco. These hounds are intelligent, Estrella finda a new curious, and agile, and hunt well with galgos. home in the U.S. The recreational hunting season in Spain is very short, only a few months long. At the close of the season, thousands of galgos and podencos who are old, injured, or poor hunters are either turned out onto the streets to fend for themselves or killed outright. Not considered “pet worthy” in their native country, Spanish rescues work to find homes for these abandoned dogs in the United States and across Europe.

Estrella is one of the lucky ones. She was found wandering the streets, frightened and very thin. A small shelter coaxed her in and then transferred her to Galgos del Sol (GDS), a leading rescue and education center for Spanish hunting dogs in southern Spain. A very shy and nervous galgo, Estrella needed a special adopter who could help her blossom.

Estrella’s chance came after almost two years with GDS. A couple in Massachusetts were introduced to Estrella by Sharron Thomas, director of Fast Friends Greyhound Adoption in Swanzey, NH, and it was love at first sight.

After almost ten hours flying and another two hours driving, Estrella arrived at Fast Friends, where she would stay for a week before going on to her forever family. Her shyness asserted itself at once, and she cowered in the corner when anyone walked by. She was too afraid of the greyhounds to walk past them, so she had to be carried outside for her walks.

The staff at Fast Friends immediately began to coax Estrella out of her shell. They brought her special treats and talked softly with her. Soon, everyone’s efforts began to pay off and Estrella’s personality started to emerge. She became more curious and less timid. By the time she left for her forever home, she was no longer afraid.

Estrella’s forever family showers her with love and reports that she is doing great! It was a long journey – both in distance and in time – but now Estrella is right where she belongs.

If you are interested in learning more about retired racing greyhounds, galgos, or podencos, please visit www.helpinggreyhounds.org or contact us at 603-3551556. We also have an active volunteer program, and welcome volunteers from all walks of life to join us in helping these wonderful dogs transition into their new lives as treasured family members.

Contact volunteer coordinator Amy Roy at amy@helpinggreyhounds.org for more information and to get involved.

Founded in 1992 in West Swanzey, NH, Fast Friends Greyhound Adoption Center is a state-licensed animal shelter and non-profit organization dedicated to educating the public about greyhounds and sighthounds as well as finding responsible, loving homes for them. We are involved with canine education and training in our community and provide a resource center to support the local community and greyhound and sighthound organizations worldwide. As an essential part of our mission, we are committed to enriching the lives of those in our community, both human and animal. Contact us at 603-355-1556 or at info@fastfriendsgreyhounds.org.

Spring 2016 26 4 Legs & a Tail

Rabbit Care S

Heidi Emond, CVT

pring is here and one of the things often associated with this season of new life are rabbits. They make great pets and can live an average of 7-10 years.

While often referred to as rodents, rabbits are actually lagomorphs. An extra set of tiny teeth called peg teeth, right behind their front incisors, is what makes them different. Rabbits are very curious and independent creatures that do require some special care. Adding a pet rabbit to your home takes some research to make sure it is the right fit for you.

A rabbit’s diet is the most important part of keeping it healthy. Grass hay should make up the majority of the diet and they should always have access to it.

It provides the nutrients; fiber and chewing activity rabbits need to keep their sensitive digestive tract and continuously growing teeth healthy. Providing a variety of grass hay promotes good eating habits and keeps things interesting for your rabbit. Some rabbits do have preferences for texture or type of hay, so if your rabbit isn’t interested in what you offer, try a different type. Timothy, orchard, meadow, oat, rye, and barley are a few options of grass hay your rabbit might enjoy. Alfalfa hay is high in protein and calcium, making it appropriate for pregnant, nursing, growing young rabbits. However, once they are about 7 months old, they should be switched over to grass hay to help avoid becoming overweight.

Fresh clean greens are the second most important part of a rabbit’s diet. Offering a variety of dark leafy greens provides moisture and other micronutrients in a rabbit’s diet. Your rabbit may not drink a lot of water if eating a lot of greens. Be on the lookout for loose droppings though – eating too many greens can upset the digestive tract. A general rule of thumb is to provide 1 cup of packed greens per 2 pounds of body weight, daily. Not sure how much Thumper weighs? Giving them greens that amount to the size of their head is good way to gauge the portion.

Fresh fruits and veggies should be given sparingly. Rabbits would not always have access to these tasty tid-bits in the wild as they would grass and leafy greens.

It is best to use them as treats or for training rewards. Pellets are concentrated nutrition for your rabbit. Eating a lot of pellets can lead to obesity, tooth problems, boredom, and gastrointestinal problems.

They can be offered sparingly in a healthy rabbit’s diet. Although there are many chocolate rabbits out there, rabbits should not be fed sugary, starchy, or high fat foods.

Grains, beans, corn, bread, oats, nuts and seeds are some of the things to avoid giving your rabbit.

Housing your rabbit can be done in many ways. A cage, hutch, x-pen, custom built cage, or a whole room to themselves Spring 2016

are all options. It is important for them to have a solid bottom so their feet don’t get sores from sitting on wires all day. They should also have plenty of time for exercising outside of their enclosure. Rabbits are made for running and jumping around!

Be sure to rabbit proof the areas of your home they will have access to, so they are not able to chew on things like cords, toxic plants, and furniture. They are curious and like to climb so they will get into anything and everything! Also, non-slippery floors are best for them to run around on so they don’t slip and hurt themselves. If you let your rabbit play outside, keep it fenced/penned in under supervision.

Predators can snatch up your rabbit if left unattended. Try to avoid playing outside when it is hot (over 80°f) and humid, rabbits can get heatstroke easily.

Even though most rabbits don’t like to be held, you can still spend quality time together. Providing enrichment for your rabbit is important for its mental health.

Stuffing hay in toilet paper tubes, giving it chew toys, boxes to hide in, or hard plastic baby toys to push around, can all provide some fun for your furry friend. Rabbits can be litterbox trained like cats, and clicker trained like dogs. Clicker training takes a lot of patience, but can also make spending time together a lot of fun for you both.

The goal of any pet owner is to provide a safe environment and to keep their pets healthy. Some of the most common rabbit medical problems are gastrointesti-

nal (GI) stasis, hairballs, urinary disease and overgrown teeth. All of which can be helped with proper diet. Rabbits should have annual checkups with their veterinarian to help keep them healthy and make sure their teeth are in good shape.

Ready to look for a new family member?

Here are a couple resources to help with your research: www.mspca.org www.rabbitnetwork.org Heidi Emond began her career with Weare Animal Hospital as an intern in the spring of 2011 while earning an Associate’s Degree in Veterinary Technology. She received her certification in 2012 and is now a full time technician with a passion for exotic pets. She currently has 2 cats and 2 Russian tortoises.

www.4LegsAndATail.com 27

A New Technique for Extracting Lower Jaw Canine Teeth or

What I learned at the 2015 Veterinary Dental Forum E

Sandra L Waugh VMD, MS - Windsor, VT

very year, starting in 2006, I have attended the Veterinary Dental Forum, a three day long conference of lectures and laboratories on veterinary dentistry. What fun!! Last year there were 1,000 veterinarians in attendance. There are 6 different lectures going on all day, 2 half-day labs for learning new skills in a hands-on way, and a hall full of vendors plying their wares. And everyone is talking about dentistry. It’s a great opportunity to ask questions, learn new things, and buy new equipment at a (slightly) discounted price. Every year I learn something that helps me do a better job as a veterinary dentist.

This past November I was doing a lab in extracting broken root tips. Some teeth have long but thin roots and it can be a challenge to extract the tooth without breaking the root. Sometimes breakage is inevitable if the tooth has loss of structure. During the lab one of the instructors casually mentioned a new technique for extracting the lower canine tooth that would lessen the possibility of fracturing the jaw during the extraction. Why would the jaw fracture? The lower canine tooth is a long and large tooth that is set inside a long, narrow bone.

A tooth is attached to the jaw by a ligament (called the periodontal ligament) which goes from the surface of the root to the bone of the tooth socket. In a healthy tooth this ligament is 3600 around the root and goes from the top to the bottom of the root. In order to break down the ligament the tooth socket is opened on one side by removing bone and a tooth elevator is used to rotate the tooth around the long axis.

The tooth is also tilted by this procedure. Only after the periodontal ligament is broken down can the tooth be extracted.

Imagine a see-saw. The further an object sits on the board from the middle, the further that object will travel as the board tilts. If the tooth is the board and the elevator is causing the tooth to tilt around its middle, then the end of the root can push on the surrounding bone and break it. Yet some tilt is necessary. The problem is how to get the periodontal ligament to break down all the way to the bottom of the root without breaking the jaw.

This cat had previously fractured the jaw down the middle of the jaw (green arrow). The fracture had healed but the jaw was crooked. The lower left canine tooth was preventing the cat from closing her jaw and she was brought to me to extract the tooth. The canine tooth is quite a long and large tooth and it is in a fairly narrow channel of bone. As the elevator is placed along the tooth and starts to tilt it outwards (yellow arrow), the other end of the tooth swings in the opposite direction and pushes against a very narrow bit of bone (red arrow). Even if one is very careful it is possible to fracture the jaw at this point, and if the bone is diseased and soft it then becomes more likely to fracture. So, what to do? Shorten the length of the tooth and then use the techniques for extracting broken root tips to remove the root.

The tooth is going to be shortened twice. The crown (top of the tooth) actually can get in the way of the elevator, forcing larger movements. So the first thing is to cut off the crown of the tooth. Then a “moat” is drilled around the top of the cut end with a very small bur (1/4 round). This creates a space for the elevator. The root is then elevated just enough to allow it to be cut across again leaving the bottom half.

Another “moat” is drilled around it and the last bit of root can be elevated with very small movements.

28 4 Legs & a Tail

Dr. Waugh is a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.

She also holds a Masters Degree from Washington State University of Veterinary Medicine and is owner of Windsor Veterinary & Dental Services.

Spring 2016

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Mud Season 2016 Southern NH & VT

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